BEYOND WORSHIP STYLE, CONSUMERISM, AND AN AUDIENCE MENTALITY:
USING WORSHIP HISTORY TO EXPLORE FOUNDATIONAL ISSUES IN WORSHIP
Lester Ruth
Slide 2
Goal & Process Not an easy how-to or must-do workshop But a
leisurely contemplation of a historic church, looking at specific
practices, in order to Find a worshiping congregation with a lot of
vitality but with enough distance that we dont have a vested
interest in or preformed ideas about it; Find a church where our
style labels dont apply; and Use this church as a opportunity to
name our key pastoral and theological commitments in worship (and
perhaps reshape these a bit?).
Slide 3
3 Levels of Talking about Worship ExperientialMechanics Deep
Commitments
Slide 4
Lets Consider These Things Our Recurring Questions: What did
you think about __________ in Jerusalems worship? Why do you think
that? What do you think is Historically suggestive Pastorally
useful Theologically necessary (or, at least, allowable)
Slide 5
Discussion Map for 4 th Century Jerusalem Historical
Background: Jerusalem Noting sources for documenting Jerusalems
worship Summarizing key points of worship and preaching Exploring
particular practices as windows into broad topics Summarizing:
Creating worship beatitudes
Slide 6
Historical Background 70 AD: After a revolt, Jerusalem is
ransacked and becomes a Roman army base 130: After another revolt,
Emperor Hadrian expels the Jews and rebuilds the city as a pagan
Roman city, including a temple to Venus where Jesus was crucified;
whatever church is left is a Gentile church 324: Constantine
legalizes Christianity 4 th century: Jerusalems bishop, Macarius,
gets permission to uncover the tomb of Christ. In place of the
temple to Venus, a complex of buildings honoring crucial moments in
Christs life are constructed. This led to increased
pilgrimages.
Slide 7
Holy Sepulcher Complex
Slide 8
Sources for Knowing about Jerusalems Worship Egerias diary
Slide 9
Sources for Knowing about Jerusalems Worship Egerias diary
Cyrils (hes the bishop) sermons
Slide 10
Sources for Knowing about Jerusalems Worship Egerias diary
Cyrils (hes the bishop) sermons Later versions of the liturgy of
St. James Jerusalems lectionary as adopted by Armenia and Georgia
in the 5 th century
Slide 11
Keys Points of Worship A central aspect of Jerusalems worship
is commemorating Gods mighty acts in Jesus Christ by coordinating
time, place, and Scripture. People didnt belong to a distinct
congregation which had its own worship space; Christians belonged
to a single church which occupied the whole city; the precise
location for the citys worship would vary depending upon special
occasion or upon which service it was within the rotation of daily
and weekly services.
Slide 12
More Key Points of Worship There were lots of different groups
of folks within a service: clergy (several levels), monks and nuns,
and laity (residential and pilgrims). The bishop was the worship
leader because of his responsibility for the Word and the Lords
Supper. The relative proportion of the groups in a service could
vary depending upon the time and occasion. The root presumption was
that God was active in worship, especially through the ongoing
movement of the Holy Spirit.
Slide 13
And Some Key Points of Preaching During a single gathering
several sermons could be preached back to back, with the bishop
presenting the concluding one. The Gospel of Jesus Christ provided
the basic interpretive lens for preaching all of Scripture.
Preachers presumed that the congregation could keep the whole Bible
together as a coherent narrative which spoke especially of what God
had done, is doing, and will do through Jesus Christ.
Slide 14
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 15
Prayer
Slide 16
Prayer: The Number and Types of Prayer How much prayer should
be in a worship service? What kinds of prayer?
Slide 17
Prayer: Trinitarian Naming The people: Holy, holy, holy, Lord
of Hosts; heaven and earth are full of your glory. Hosanna in the
highest. Blessed is he who comes and will come in the name of the
Lord. Hosanna in the highest. And the bishop, standing up, seals
the gifts, says privately: You are holy, King of the ages, and Lord
and Giver of all holiness. Holy too is your only-begotten Son, our
Lord Jesus Christ, through whom you made all things. And holy too
is your Holy Spirit, who searches out all things, even your depths,
O God and Father. Pg. 87 Source: The Anaphora of St. James is
adapted from Ronald Claud Dudley Jasper and G.J. Cuming, Prayers of
the Eucharist: early and reformed (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical
Press, 1990), 88-99.
Slide 18
Prayer: Commemoration is Big And the bishop stands up and says
privately: Have mercy on us, Lord, God the Father, almighty. Have
mercy on us, God, our Savior. Have mercy on us, O God. According to
your great mercy, send out upon us and upon these holy gifts set
before you your Holy Spirit, (he bows) the Lord and giver of life,
who shares the throne and the kingdom with you, God the Father and
your only-begotten Son, consubstantial and co-eternal. Send forth
your Holy Spirit, who spoke in the law and the prophets and in your
new covenant, who descended in the likeness of a dove upon our Lord
Jesus Christ in the river Jordan and remained upon him, who
descended upon your holy apostles in the likeness of fiery tongues
in the Upper Room of the holy and glorious Zion on the day of the
holy Pentecost.
Slide 19
Prayer: People Dont Hear Communion Prayer The people: Holy,
holy, holy, Lord of Hosts; heaven and earth are full of your glory.
Hosanna in the highest. Blessed is he who comes and will come in
the name of the Lord. Hosanna in the highest. And the bishop,
standing up, seals the gifts, says privately: You are holy, King of
the ages, and Lord and Giver of all holiness. Holy too is your
only-begotten Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom you made all
things. And holy too is your Holy Spirit, who searches out all
things, even your depths, O God and Father.
Slide 20
Prayer: Breadth of Intercessions After the reading and
instruction, the deacon says: Let us all say, Lord, be merciful.
Lord Almighty, the God of our fathers, we pray to you, hear us. For
the peace which is from above, and for the salvation of our souls,
let us pray to the Lord. For the peace of the whole world, and the
unity of all the holy churches of God, let us pray to the Lord. For
the salvation and help of all the Christ-loving people, we pray to
you, Lord, hear us. For our deliverance from all tribulation,
wrath, danger, distress, captivity, bitter death, and our
iniquities, we pray to you, hear us. For the people standing round,
and waiting for the rich and plenteous mercy that is from you, we
pray to you, be merciful and gracious. p. 100-1
Slide 21
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 22
Scripture
Slide 23
Scripture: Getting emotional in worship 36.2 From there all of
them, including the smallest children, now go down with singing and
conduct the bishop to Gethsemane. There are a great many people,
and they have been crowded together, tired by their vigil, and
weakened by their daily fastingand they have had a very big hill to
come downso they go very slowly on their way to Gethsemane. So that
they can all see, they are 3 provided with hundreds of church
candles. When everyone arrives at Gethsemane, they have an
appropriate prayer, a hymn, and then a reading from the Gospel
about the Lords arrest. By the time it has been read everyone is
groaning and lamenting and weeping so loud that people even across
in the city can probably hear it all. Pg. 54
Slide 24
Scripture: Vigils with Extended Readings (Gods Greatest Hits)
And the clergy immediately begins the vigil of the Holy Passover,
and they do twelve readings. And for each reading, the prayer is
done with kneeling. Psalm 118 (antiphon: vs. 24 This is the day
that the Lord has made. Exult and rejoice in it!) Old Testament:
Genesis 1:1-3:24 Prayer with kneeling Old Testament: Genesis
22:1-18 Prayer with kneeling Old Testament: Exodus 12:1-24 Prayer
with kneeling Old Testament: Jonah 1:1-4:11 Prayer with kneeling
Old Testament: Exodus 14:24- 15:21 (antiphon: 15:21b Let us sing to
the Lord, for He is covered in glory!) Prayer with kneeling Pg.
77
Slide 25
Old Testament: Isaiah 60:1-13 Prayer with kneeling Old
Testament: Job 38:2-28 Prayer with kneeling Old Testament: 2 Kings
2:1-22 Prayer with kneeling Old Testament: Jeremiah 31:31- 34
Prayer with kneeling Old Testament: Joshua 1:1-9 Prayer with
kneeling Old Testament: Ezekiel 37:1-14 Prayer with kneeling Old
Testament: Daniel 3:1-23 Pg. 77
Slide 26
Scripture: Interpreting: Multiple Senses His subject is Gods
Law. During the forty days he goes through the whole Bible,
beginning with Genesis. First, he relates the literal meaning of
each passage, and then he interprets its spiritual meaning. He also
teaches them at this time all the resurrection 3 and the faith. And
this is called catechesis. After five weeks of teaching they
receive the Creed, which he explains article by article in the same
way as he explained the Scriptures, first literally and then
spiritually. Thus, all the people in these parts are able to follow
the Scriptures when they are read in church, since there have been
teaching on all the Scriptures from six to nine in 4 the morning
all through Lent, three hours of catechesis a day.
Slide 27
At ordinary services when the bishop sits and preaches, ladies
and sisters, the faithful utter exclamations, but when they come
and hear him explaining the catechesis, their exclamations are far
louder, God is my witness; and when it is related and interpreted
like this they ask questions on each point. Pg. 61
Slide 28
Scripture: The Amount Read on a Feast and on Regular Sundays
Commemoration of the infants killed by King Herod (May 9) in
Bethlehem: Apostle: Acts 12:1-24 [or] Apostle: Hebrews 2:14-18
Alleluia: Psalm 103 (v. 1: Bless the Lord, O my soul.) Gospel:
Matthew 2:16-18 p. 81
Slide 29
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 30
Participation
Slide 31
Participation: No text? No problem! Give the people refrains to
sing. 43. On Friday morning of Holy Week, the precious wood of the
Cross is place before Holy Golgotha. And those who are assembled
adore it, offering adoration until the sixth hour. And at the sixth
hour, they gather at Holy Golgotha, and they say eight Psalms,
eight readings from the Prophets, eight from the Apostle, and for
each Psalm, two readings, and one prayer only: Psalm 35 ( antiphon:
vs. 11 Unjust witnesses stood, asking things I do not know) Old
Testament: Zechariah 11:11-14 Apostle: Galatians 6:14-18 Prayer
Psalm 38 ( antiphon: vs. 17 I am ready for torments, and my sorrows
are always before me) Old Testament: Isaiah 3:9b-15 Apostle:
Philippians 2:5-11 Prayer Psalm 41 ( antiphon: vs. 6bc In his
heart, he gathered iniquity to himself) Old Testament: Isaiah
50:4-9a Apostle: Romans 5:6-11 Prayer Psalm 22 ( antiphon: vs. 18
They parted my garments among them, and cast lots for my robe.) Old
Testament: Amos 8:9-12 Apostle: 1 Corinthians 1:18-31 Prayer Pg.
75
Slide 32
Participation: Accommodating Children and Elderly At five
oclock the passage is read from the Gospel about the children who
met the Lord with palm branches, saying, Blessed is he that cometh
in the name of the Lord. At this the bishop and all the people rise
from their places, and start off on foot down from the summit of
the Mount of Olives. All the people go before him with psalms and
Antiphons, all the time repeating, Blessed is he that cometh in the
name of the 31.3 Lord. The babies and the ones too young to walk
are carried on their parents shoulders. Everyone is carrying
branches, either palm or olive, and they accompany the bishop in
the very way the 4 people did when once they went down with the
Lord. They go on foot down the Mount to the city and all through
the city to the Anastasis, but they have to go pretty gently on
account of the older women and men among them who might get tired.
So it is already late when they reach the Anastasis; but even
though it is late they hold Lucernare when they get there, then
have a prayer At the Cross, and the people are dismissed. Pg.
53
Slide 33
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 34
Content
Slide 35
Content: Centrality of Death and Resurrection On every Sunday
morning at first cock crow: After these three psalms and prayers,
they take censers into the cave of the Anastasis, so that the whole
Anastasis basilica is filled with the smell. Then the bishop,
standing inside the railed area, take the Gospel book and goes to
the door, where he himself reads the account of the Lords
resurrection. At the beginning of the reading, the whole assembly
groans and laments at all the Lord underwent for us, and the way
they weep would move even the hardest heart to tears. p. 49
Slide 36
Content: Incarnation and Salvation The priest says this prayer
from the gates to the altar: God Almighty, Lord great in glory, who
has given us an entrance into the Holy of holies, through the
sojourning among humanity of your only-begotten Son, our Lord, and
God, and Savior Jesus Christ, we supplicate and invoke your
goodness, since we are fearful and trembling when about to stand at
your holy altar. Send forth upon us, O God, your good grace, and
sanctify our souls, bodies, and spirits. Turn our thoughts to piety
in order that with a pure conscience we may bring to you gifts,
offerings, and fruits for the remission of our transgressions and
for the propitiation of all your people by the grace and mercies
and loving-kindness of your only- begotten Son, with whom you are
blessed to all eternity. Amen. p. 99
Slide 37
Content: Playful Mystery [At the beginning of the ceremonies
involved with Communion] and the readers begin the Cherubic Hymn:
Let all mortal flesh be silent, stand with fear and trembling, and
meditate on nothing earthly within itself: For the king of kings
and Lord of lords, Christ our God, comes forward to be sacrificed,
and to be given for food to the faithful. The bands of angels go
before him with every power and dominion, the many-eyed cherubim,
and the six-winged seraphim, covering their faces, and crying aloud
the hymn, Alleluia, Alleluia, Alleluia. p. 103
Slide 38
Content: Jesus Everywhere in the Bible [A prayer toward the
beginning of the service]: Sovereign Lord Jesus Christ, O Word of
God, you freely offered yourself a blameless sacrifice upon the
cross to God the Father. With the coal of double nature that
touched the lips of the prophet with the tongs and took away his
sins, touch also the hearts of us sinners, purify us from every
stain, and present us holy beside your holy altar, that we may
offer you a sacrifice of praise.. p. 98
Slide 39
Content: Announcements Egeria: When the service in the Great
Church has taken place in the usual way, before the dismissal, the
archdeacon makes this announcement: During this week, starting
tomorrow, let us meet at three in the afternoon at the Martyrium
(that is, in the Great Church). And he makes another announcement:
At one oclock today let us be ready on the Eleona. p. 52
Slide 40
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 41
Preparation for Worship
Slide 42
Preparation for Worship: Pre-baptismal instruction His subject
is Gods Law. During the forty days he goes through the whole Bible,
beginning with Genesis. First, he relates the literal meaning of
each passage, and then he interprets its spiritual meaning. He also
teaches them at this time all the resurrection 3 and the faith. And
this is called catechesis. After five weeks of teaching they
receive the Creed, which he explains article by article in the same
way as he explained the Scriptures, first literally and then
spiritually. Thus, all the people in these parts are able to follow
the Scriptures when they are read in church, since there have been
teaching on all the Scriptures from six to nine in 4 the morning
all through Lent, three hours of catechesis a day. Pg. 60
Slide 43
Preparation: Fasting [Egeria is describing the difference in
the length of Easter]: In our part of the world we observe forty
days before Easter, but here they keep eight weeks. It makes eight
weeks because there is no fasting on the Sundays or Saturdays
(except one of them, which is a fast because it is the Easter
vigilbut apart from that the people here never fast on any Saturday
in the year). p. 50
Slide 44
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 45
Preaching
Slide 46
Preaching: Immediate Gospel Content Cyril getting right to it
on his sermon on the paralytic and the pool from John. His first
paragraph: Wherever Jesus appears, there also is salvation. If he
sees a tax collector seated at the counter, he makes him an apostle
and an evangelist. If he is buried among the dead, he raises them.
He gives sight to the blind and hearing to the deaf. When he walks
around the pools, it is not to inspect the buildings but to heal
the sick.
Slide 47
Preaching: Using Key Doctrines to Interpret Scripture So Jesus
approached the sick man. Uninvited, the doctor visited the patient.
It should not surprise us that he visited the man lying by the
pool, since he came down to us uninvited from heaven. Do you want
to be cured?..Yes, Lord...but I have no man to help me into the
pool. Do not be downcast, my friend, because you have no man. You
have God standing beside you, who is in one respect man, in another
God.
Slide 48
Preaching: Different Kinds: Mystagogy Mystagogy 1.3: Now turn
your mind from past to present, from symbol to reality. Of old
Moses was sent into Egypt by God, but in our era Christ is sent
into the world by the Father. As Moses was appointed to lead his
afflicted people from Egypt, so Christ came to deliver the people
of the world who were overcome by sin. As the blood of the lamb
served to avert the destroyer, so the blood of Jesus Christ, the
blameless lamb, had the effect of routing demons. That tyrant of
old pursued the ancient Jewish people as far as the sea and here
and now the devil, bold and shameless, the source of all evil,
followed you up to the waters of salvation. Pharoah was submerged
in the sea, and the devil disappears in the waters of
salvation.
Slide 49
Preaching: Mystagogy: Multiple Meanings for Single Aspect
Mystagogy 2.2: Upon entering (the baptismal area) you took off your
clothing, and this symbolised your stripping off of the old nature
with its practices. Stripped naked, in this too you were imitating
Christ naked on the cross,This was a remarkable occasion, for you
stood naked in the sight of all and you were not ashamed. You truly
mirrored our first-created parent Adam, who stood naked in paradise
and was not ashamed.
Slide 50
Preaching: Mystagogy: Exegeting the Actions in a Sacrament
[Cyril preaching to the newly baptized]: You made the saving
profession of faith, and three times you were immersed in the
waterThere in the font you symbolically re-enacted Christs
three-day burialAt that same moment you both died and were born;
that saving water became your tomb but also your mother. p.
132
Slide 51
Preaching: Doctrinal Catechesis [Cyril as part of his Lenten
preparation of baptismal candidates]: Believe too in Gods one and
only Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, who is God begotten by God. Life
begotten by Life, Light begotten by Light, like in everything to
the One who begot him. He did not begin in time, but was begotten
by the Father before all ages, eternally and inconceivablyHe has
been seated at the Fathers right hand before all ages. He was not
crowned after his passion, as some have imagined, as if he received
from God the throne at his right hand because of what he endured.
Rather, he has held the royal dignity throughout his existence
Slide 52
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 53
Hospitality
Slide 54
Hospitality: Language and Understanding Egeria describing the
language issue: Similarly, the lessons read in church have to be
read in Greek, but there is always someone in attendance to
translate into Syriac so that the people understand. Of course,
there are also people here who speak neither Greek nor Syriac, but
Latin. But there is no need for them to be discouraged, since some
of the brothers or sisters who speak Latin as well as Greek will
explain things to them. p. 62
Slide 55
Hospitality: Pacing for the Elderly Egeria describing the
pacing of the Palm Sunday procession into Jerusalem: They go on
foot down the Mount to the city and all through the city to the
Anastasis, but they have to go pretty gently on account of the
older women and men among them who might get tired. p. 53
Slide 56
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 57
Physicality
Slide 58
Physicality: Multiple Anointings in Baptism Cyril describing
the multiple anointings as part of baptism: First you are anointed
on the forehead so as to be released from the shame which the first
sinners carried around everywhere, and to reflect the glory of the
Lord with face unveiledNext you are anointed on the ears so as to
be given the ears spoken of by Isaiah.Next you are anointed on the
nostrils, so that you may say, if you retain the sacred muron: We
are Christs sweet fragrance After this you are anointed on your
breast, so that you may put on the breastplate of righteousness p.
133
Slide 59
Physicality: Adoration of the Cross Egeria describing Good
Friday services: The bishops chair is placed on Golgotha behind the
Cross (the cross there now), and he takes his seat. A table is
placed before him with a cloth on it. The deacons stand round.
There is brought to him a gold and silver box containing the holy
wood of the cross. It is opened, and the wood of the cross and the
holy title are taken out and placed on the table. As long as the
holy wood is on the table, the bishop sits with his hands resting
on either end of it and holds it down, and the deacons round him
keep watch over it.one by one the people come up to the table. They
stoop down over it, kiss the wood, and move on. But on one occasion
(I dont know when) one of them bit off a bit of the holy wood and
stole it away.
Slide 60
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 61
Calendar
Slide 62
Calendar: A Full Year What should determine the shape of the
year in a churchs worship life? How full should it be? What should
determine special Sundays and occasions?
Slide 63
Calendar: Daily Rhythms Morning and evening prayer: attended by
variety of people Other daily times of prayer: attended by monks
and nuns
Slide 64
Calendar: Fittingness 36.1 When the cock begins to crow,
everyone leaves the Imbomon and comes down with singing to the
place where the Lord prayed, as the Gospels describe in the passage
which begins, And he was parted from them about a stones cast, and
prayed. The bishop and all the people go into a graceful church
which has been built there, have a prayer appropriate to the place
and the day, and one suitable hymn. Then the Gospel passage is read
where he said to his disciples, Watch, lest ye enter into
temptation, and, when the whole passage has been read, there is
another prayer. Pg. 54
Slide 65
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 66
Initiation and Baptism
Slide 67
Initiation: A Catechumenate to Prepare People for Baptism
Slide 68
Acceptance as catechumen Acceptance for final preparation
Acceptance into the churchs priesthood: baptism proper Hearing the
Word; living the Word Intensive preparation (in Lent et al.)
Mystagogy & Faithful Christian living (Week after baptism)
Initial contact with Gospel and Christian people =public rite
Slide 69
Initiation: Public Assessment of Readiness for Baptism 45.1
Names must be given in before the first day of Lent, which means
that a presbyter takes down all the names before the start of the
eight weeks for which Lent lasts here, as I have told you. 2 Once
the priest has all the names, on the second day of Lent at the
start of the eight weeks, the bishops chair is placed in the middle
of the Great Church, the Martyrium. The presbyters sit in chairs on
either side of him, and all the clergy stand. Then one by one those
seeking baptism are brought up, men coming with their fathers
(i.e., baptismal sponsors) and women with their mothers. Pg.
60
Slide 70
3 As they come in one by one, the bishop asks their neighbors
questions about them: Is this person leading a good life? Does he
respect his parents? Is he a drunkard or a boaster? He asks about
all the serious human vices. 4 And if his inquiries show him that
someone has not committed any of these misdeeds, he himself puts
down his name. But if someone is guilty he is told to go away, and
the bishop tells him that he is to amend his ways before he may
come to the font. He asks the men and the women the same questions.
But it is not too easy for a visitor to come to baptism if he has
no witnesses who are acquainted with him.
Slide 71
Initiation: Exorcisms and Godparents for all, regardless of age
46.1 Now, ladies and sisters, I want to write something which will
save you from thinking all this is done without due explanation.
They have here the custom that those who are preparing for baptism
during the season of the Lenten first go to be exorcized by the
clergy first thing in the morning, directly after the morning
dismissal in the Anastasis. As soon as that has taken place, the
bishops chair is placed in the Great Church, the Martyrium, and all
those to be baptized, the men and the women, sit round him in a
circle. There is a place where the fathers and mothers stand, and
any of the people who want to listen (the faithful, of course) 2
can come in and sit down, though not Catechumens, who do not come
in while the bishop is teaching.
Slide 72
Initiation: Holding Some Things Back Cyril to the baptismal
candidates: But the teaching about baptism itself is a deeper
mystery, and you have not the right to hear it while you remain
catechumens. Do not think it will never be explained; you will hear
it all during the eight days of Easter after you have been
baptized. Remember that a baptismal candidate was dismissed after
the sermon in a regular order of eucharistic worship and thus had
never witnessed Communion, the exchange of peace, the Lords Prayer,
the intercessions, or the offering. They would also never have seen
a baptism until their own.
Slide 73
Initiation: Intensive pre-baptismal prep His (the bishops)
subject is Gods Law. During the forty days he goes through the
whole Bible, beginning with Genesis. First, he relates the literal
meaning of each passage, and then he interprets its spiritual
meaning. He also teaches them at this time all the resurrection 3
and the faith. And this is called catechesis. After five weeks of
teaching they receive the Creed, which he explains article by
article in the same way as he explained the Scriptures, first
literally and then spiritually. Thus, all the people in these parts
are able to follow the Scriptures when they are read in church,
since there have been teaching on all the Scriptures from six to
nine in 4 the morning all through Lent, three hours of catechesis a
day.
Slide 74
Initiation: Full-Bodied: Triple Immersion Cyril to the newly
baptized: Then you were each asked if you believed in the name of
the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. You made the
saving profession of faith and three times you were immersed in the
water and came up from it again.
Slide 75
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 76
Space
Slide 77
Space: Round and Rectangular
Slide 78
Space: Lack of Space [On the Saturday before Palm Sunday]: By
the time they [the bishop and his entourage and those who had
worshiped at a church where Mary had met Christ] arrive there [at
the Lazarium] so many people have collected that they fill not only
the Lazarium itself, but all the field around.
Slide 79
Space: In the Streets [On Palm Sunday]: The bishop and all the
people rise from their places, and start off on foot down from the
summit of the Mount of Olives. All the people go before him with
palms and antiphons, all the time repeating, Blessed is he who
comes in the name of the Lord. The babies and the ones too young to
walk are carried on their parents shoulders. Everyone is carrying
branches, either palm or olive, and they accompany the bishop in
the very way the people did when they once went down with the
Lord.
Slide 80
Broad Topics that Arise When Looking at Jerusalem Prayer
Scripture Participation Content Preparation for worship Preaching
Hospitality Physicality Calendar Initiation and baptism Space
Slide 81
With Respect to Worship.. Blessed and wise is The congregation
that The worship leader/pastor who.. The worshiper who