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www.isaaktech.com
BICSI 002 / TIA‐942 / UptimeWhich Data Center Standard
Should I Follow
Phil Isaak, PE, P.Eng., RCDD, DCDCPresident, Master Instructor
Isaak Technologies Inc.
www.isaaktech.com
Standards – Who are these People• Power Standards
– Distribution & Grounding• Network Standards
– Protocols– IT Hardware Manufacturers
• Media Standards• Cabling Manufacturers
• Design & Installation Standards• End Users, Contractors, Consultants, Manufacturers
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Uptime ‐ TIA – BICSI
• Open Industry Standard• NOT Vendor Neutral
ANSI/TIA‐942‐A (2012)Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard
for Data Centers118 pages
ANSI/BICSI 002‐2011Data Center Design and Implementation
Best Practices392 pages
Uptime Institute (2010)Data Center Site Infrastructure
Tier Standard: Topology12 pages
• Open Industry Standard• Vendor Neutral
• For‐Profit Privately Held• NOT a Standard
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ANSI Certified Standard Requirements
Openness: Participation shall be open toall persons who are directly and materially affected by the activity in question.
Lack of Dominance: The standards development process shall not be dominated by any single interest category, individual or organization.
Balance: Participants from diverse interest categories shall be sought with the objective of achieving balance.
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BICSI Subject Matter ExpertsMore than 150 subject matter experts from around the world participated in developing the standard.
Perspectives:• Data Center Managers• Data Center Operators• Consultants• Contractors• Risk Assessors• Manufacturers• Commissioning Agents
Expertise:• Facility Engineers/Architects• IT Engineers/Architects• System Administrators• Telecommunications• Security• Fire Protection• Project Managers
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• ANSI/BICSI 002‐2011Provides a reference of common terminology and design practices … a framework for determining the recommended facility and technology redundancy to meet the operational requirements, achieve IT objectives
and to develop optimum design & implementation solutions
• Uptime Tiers“Only data center benchmarking system developed by and for data center owners, not a checklist, design menu, or cookbook”
Source: Uptime Institute: Tier Classification System & Operational Sustainability presented by Dana Smith, Director of Development, Uptime Institute at BICSI Andino 2012
Design Guide vs Benchmarking
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Uptime Benchmarks
Uptime Institute Tier I Tier II Tier III Tier IV
Scheduled Outages / Year 2 x 12hrs 1 x 12hrs None None
Ave Failures / Year (4hrs / failure) 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0
Ave Annual Downtime Hours 28.8 22 1.6 0.8
Availability 99.67% 99.75% 99.98% 99.99%
** Basis is on top 10% of sites as determined by Uptime Institute Benchmarking **
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Comparing the Standards• TIA‐942‐A chapters (normative)
– Data center design overview– Data center cabling system infrastructure– Data center telecommunications spaces & related topologies– Data center cabling systems– Data center cabling pathways– Data center redundancy
• TIA‐942‐A annexes (informative)– Cabling design considerations– Access provider information– Coordination of equipment plans with other engineers– Data center space considerations– Data center site selection and building design considerations– Data center infrastructure tiers– Data center design examples
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– Space planning– Site selection– Architectural– Structural– Electrical systems– Mechanical– Fire protection
• BICSI‐002 annexes– Design process– Reliability and availability
– Security– Building automation systems– Telecommunications– Information technology– Commissioning– Data center maintenance
• BICSI‐002 sections
Comparing the Standards
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ANSI/BICSI002‐2011
Comprehensive Data Center Standard
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Methodology to Define Reliability
Define Operational Requirements
Annual Planned Downtime
Operational Level
> 400 hrs 0
100 – 400 hrs 1
50 – 99 hrs 2
0 – 49 hrs 3
0 hrs 4
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Methodology to Define Reliability
Define Operational Requirements
Minutes Number of 9’s
> 5,000 > 99%
500 – 5,000 99% ‐ 99.9%
50 – 500 99.9% ‐ 99.99%
5 – 50 99.99% ‐ 99.999%
0.5 – 5 99.999% ‐ 99.9999%
Define Availability Requirements
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Methodology to Define Reliability
Define Operational Requirements
Description ClassificationLocal in scope, affecting only a single function or operation, resulting in a minor disruption or delay in achieving non‐critical organizational objectives.
Isolated
Local in scope, affecting only a single site, or resulting in a minor disruption or delay in achieving key organizational objectives.
Minor
Regional in scope, affecting a portion of the enterprise or resulting in a moderate disruption or delay in achieving key organizational objectives.
Major
Multiregional in scope, affecting a major portion of the enterprise or resulting in a major disruption or delay in achieving key organizational objectives.
Severe
Affecting the quality of service delivery across the entire enterprise, or resulting in a significant disruption or delay in achieving key organizational objectives.
Catastrophic
Define Availability Requirements
Define Impact of Downtime
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Methodology to Define Reliability
Define Operational Requirements
Define Availability Requirements
Define Impact of Downtime
Recommended Performance Identified
Class‐0Class‐1Class‐2Class‐3Class‐4
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Class‐0/1 Single Path
“B” PSU“A” PSU
Power Circuit “A‐1”
“A” POU
RPP “A”
“N” CRAH Modules
“N” Chiller, Pumps& Condenser
Piping and valve redundancy not required.
LargeFrame
Processing
WANCarrier
DiskArray
Core
EdgeInternet
AccessSwitch
Server n
Aggregation
Server 1
EdgeWAN
NASDiskArray
Transfer Switchgear
Electrical Distribution
Alternate Power Source
UPS
PDU
CriticalLoads
Non-CriticalLoads
Mechanical Switchgear
MechanicalLoads
Static Bypass
Maint.Bypass
Utility
© 2013 Isaak Technologies Inc.
www.isaaktech.com
Class‐2 Redundant Components
“B” PSU“A” PSU
Power Circuit “A‐1”
“A” POU
“B” POU
Power Circuit “A‐2”
RPP “A”
“+1” CRAH Module
“N+1” Chillers, Pumps & Condensers
More than “N+1” redundancy is recommended as the number of modules to meet “N” increases
“N” CRAH Modules
Piping and valve redundancy not required outside computer room.
Refer to “Chiller Piping and Valve Redundancy” section for computer room recommendations
LargeFrame
Processing
WANCarrier
DiskArray
NASDiskArray
Core
AccessSwitch
Server n
Aggregation
Server 1
EdgeWAN
EdgeInternet
Transfer Switchgear
Electrical Distribution
Alternate Power Source
Alternate Power Source
UPS UPS
PDU
CriticalLoads
Non-CriticalLoads
Mechanical Switchgear
MechanicalLoads
Static Bypass
Maint.Bypass
Utility
© 2013 Isaak Technologies Inc.
www.isaaktech.com
Class‐3 Concurrent Maintainability
“B” PSU“A” PSU
“A” POU
“B” POU
STS “A”
STS “B”
Power Circuit
RPP‐B1‐2
Power Circuit
RPP‐B1‐1
RPP‐B1
PDU‐B1
Power Circuit
RPP‐A1‐2
Power Circuit
RPP‐A1‐1
RPP‐A1
PDU‐A1
“+1” CRAH Module
“N+1” Chillers, Pumps & Condensers
More than “N+1” redundancy is recommended as the number of modules to meet “N” increases
“N” CRAH Modules
Piping and valve redundancy not required, but recommended, outside computer room.
Refer to “Chiller Piping and Valve Redundancy” section for computer room recommendations
LargeFrame
Processing
WANCarrier “1”
DiskArray n
SANSwitch2
DiskArray1
SANSwitch1
Core2Core1
Edge2Internet
Edge1Internet
AccessSwitch 1
Server n
Aggregation1
AccessSwitch 2
Server 1
WANCarrier “2”
Aggregation2
Edge2WAN
Edge1WAN
Carrier “1” Carrier “2”
NASDiskArray
SwitchgearUtility
Electrical Distribution
Switchgear
Alternate Power Source
Electrical Distribution
Alternate Power Source
UPS UPS
Output Distribution Switchboard
PDU
Mechanical Switchboard
CriticalFans/Pumps
CriticalLoads
Non-CriticalLoads
Mechanical Switchgear
MechanicalLoads
Alternate Switchboard
PDU
Mechanical Switchboard
Non-CriticalLoads
Mechanical Switchgear
MechanicalLoads
Static Bypass
Maint.Bypass
© 2013 Isaak Technologies Inc.
www.isaaktech.com
Class‐4 Fault Tolerant
“B” PSU“A” PSU
“A” POU
“B” POU
STS “A”
STS “B”
Power Circuit
RPP‐2B‐1
Power Circuit
RPP‐2A‐1
Power Circuit
RPP‐1B‐1
Power Circuit
RPP‐1A‐1
PDU‐A1 PDU‐A2
Panel A Panel BRPP‐1
PDU‐B1 PDU‐B2
Panel A Panel BRPP‐2
“N” CRAH Modules
“+2” CRAH Module
“N+2” Chillers, Pumps & Condensers
More than “N+2” redundancy is recommended as the number of modules to meet “N” increases
Piping and valve redundancy required outside computer room.
Refer to “Chiller Piping and Valve Redundancy” section for computer room recommendations
LargeFrame
Processing
WANCarrier “1”
DiskArray n
SANSwitch2
DiskArray1
SANSwitch1
Core2Core1
Edge2Internet
Edge1Internet
AccessSwitch 1
Server n
Aggregation1
AccessSwitch 2
Server 1
WANCarrier “2”
Aggregation2
Edge2WAN
Edge1WAN
Carrier “1” Carrier “2”
NASDiskArray
SwitchgearUtility
Electrical Distribution
Switchgear
Alternate Power Source
Electrical Distribution
Alternate Power Source
UPS UPS
Output Distribution Switchboard
PDU
Mechanical Switchgear
CriticalFans/Pumps
CriticalLoads
Non-CriticalLoads
Mechanical Switchgear
MechanicalLoads
Output Distribution Switchboard
PDU
Mechanical Switchgear
Non-CriticalLoads
Mechanical Switchgear
Static Bypass Maint.
Bypass
UPS UPS
Static Bypass Maint.
Bypass
Utility
Alternate Power Source
Alternate Power Source
© 2013 Isaak Technologies Inc.
www.isaaktech.com
End‐to‐End Reliability
• Applications• Systems• Network• Cabling Infrastructure• Facility
Facility
Cabling Infrastructure
Network
Data Processing & Storage Systems
Applications
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DC125 Data Center Design Course
• 4 Day Course• In‐Depth Review of Standard
• Prepare for DCDC Exam–Data Center Design Consultant
• Contact FiberOpto Asia Pte Ltd for course dates and locations available in South East Asia
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BICSI Data Center Documents
ANSI/BICSI 002‐2011Data Center Design and Implementation Best Practices
Available from BICSIwww.bicsi.org/standards
BICSI International Standards Supplemental Information 001
Methodology for Selecting Data Center Design Class Utilizing Performance Criteria