Biology 102B

Fungi Notes

Journal 5

• Why are algae of importance to all living things?

• Give at least three reasons.

Identify the basic characteristics of the Fungi kingdom.

• Live in wide range of environments

• Different colors and sizes

• Most are multicellular

Why is it possible for fungi to live almost anywhere?

Common fungal structures.• HYPHAE: thread-like

structures which grow from spores

• MYCELIUM: network of hyphae

• CELL WALL: formed from chitin

• RHIZOID: rootlike structure formed by some hyphae

(one)

Label your mushroom

Types of fungal feeding.• Decomposers: SAPROBES• Absorb nutrients through mycelium• Benefit to environment: keeping levels of

dead material down (detritus)• Harmful aspects: breaks down leather,

molds grow on foods, spores cause disease

• Parasitic: feed on living hosts• Examples: athlete’s foot, ringworm, nail

fungus

• Mutualistic: benefit host• Example: yeast used in food production

Fungal reproduction: Two types• BUDDING: asexual

reproduction• Offspring grows out

from parent’s body• Example: yeast

• SPORES: lightweight reproductive cells dispersed by wind, water and animals

Where does the mold come from on your bread??

Identify the 4 major phyla of the Fungi kingdom.

• Fungi are classified according to their method of reproduction.

• Phylum Zygomycotes: ZYGOSPORE FUNGI

A. Produce thick-walled spores

B. When germinated, they grow horizontally and downward

C. Example: black bread mold

Fungal Phyla• Phylum Ascomycete: SAC

FUNGIA. Spores contained in sac-

like structuresB. Examples: molds, mildews• Phylum Deuteromycotes:

IMPERFECT A. molds that usually produce

antibiotics, food flavoringsB. No one has ever seen the

reproductive cycle so they are grouped alone

Fungal Phyla

• Phylum Basiciomycota: CLUB FUNGI

A. Produce club shaped hyphae

B. Release sporesC. Examples: mushrooms,

puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts and smuts

Club Fungi Structures• CAP: top of mushroom• GILLS: underneath cap,

slits where spores are released

• STIPE: stalk-like structure

• MYCELIUM: root-like structures

• HYPHAE: tightly compacted, forms stipe and cap

Label your mushroom!!!

Quiz 51. How are fungi classified? a. color b. movement c. reproduction2. Fungi that break down dead material are

classified as ? a. saprobes b. parasites c. mutualistic3. Some fungi produce lightweight reproductive

cells called ? a. gametes b. mycelium c. spores4. The rootlike structures found in fungi are called? a. mycelium b. stipe c. rhizoid5. The top of a mushroom is called? a. cap b. gills c. stipe