Biology EOC Vocabulary

8/13/2019 Biology EOC Vocabulary

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208.(Scientific)

Theory

concept supported by a broad range of

observations, experiments, and data

23. 3:1 phenotype ratio of offspring from two

heterozygous parents that have a single

dominant trait

17. 25% chance of a child inheriting a recessivedisorder caused by a gene, if both parents carry

a single recessive gene

37. abiotic non-living factors: latitude, temperature,

precipitation, sunlight

97. acquired

immunity

defending against a specific pathogen by

gradually building up a resistance to it

255.Active

Immunity

immunity provided by the body producing its

own antibodies against a particular antigen;

results from exposure to the antigen via

infection or vaccine

44. activetransport

moves materials against the concentrationgradient and requires energy to overcome flow

of materials opposite the concentration

gradient

27. Adaptation any structure, behavior, or internal process

that enables an organism to respond to

environmental factors and live to produce

offspring

48. Aerobic processes that require oxygen

230.Allele an alternative form of a gene

77. alternation

of

generations

life cycle found in algae, fungi, and all plants

where an organism alternates between a

haploid gametophyte generation and a diploid

sporophyte generation

88. amniotic

egg

provides nourishment to the embryo and

contains membranes that protect it while it

develops in a terrestrial environment

85. amphibians organisms with three-chambered hearts, eggs

without shells la id in water, smooth moist

skin, live larval stage in water and adult stage

on land and water

49. Anaerobic processes that do not require oxygen

7. anaphase I stage of meiosis beginning with homologous

chromosomes, each with its two chromatids,

separating and moving to opposite ends of the

cell

177.angiosperm plants having their seeds enclosed in an ovary;

a flowering plant

67. Animalia kingdom that includes multicellular

heterotrophs (without cell walls)

143.annelids any segmented worm of the phylum Annelida,

including earthworms, leeches, and various

marine forms

134.antibiotic

resistance

disease-causing microbes that have become

resistant to drug therapy

135.antibiotics substances produced by a microorganism

that, in small amounts, will kill or inhibit

growth and reproduction of other

microorganisms

160.antibodies proteins in the blood plasma produced in

reaction to antigens that react with and

disable antigens

252.Antigens Foreign material that invades the body and

trigger the attack of antibodies in the

immune response.

225.Apoptosis programmed cell death

242.Arteries blood vessels that carry blood away from the

heart

115.asexual

reproduction

type of reproduction where one parent

produces one or more identical offspringwithout the fusion of gametes

46. ATP molecule that stores energy for easy use,

formed when a phosphate group is added to

ADP

32. autotroph organisms that use energy from the sun or

energy stored in chemical compounds to

manufacture their own nutrients

69. binary fission method bacteria use to reproduce asexually

59. binomial

nomenclature

modern classification system designed by

Linnaeus using two word naming for

organisms

34. biodiversity variety of life

26. Biology organized study of living things and their

interactions with their natural and physical

environments

98. biomes group of ecosystems with the same climax

communities; terrestrial or aquatic

195.Biosphere part of Earth in which life exists including

land, water, and air or atmosphere

38. biotic living factors: organisms, predators,

diseases

86. birds (aves) organisms with adaptations for flight,

feathers, a keel-shaped sternum four-

chambered heart, endothermic, reinforced

hollow bones, a beak and air sacs

277.Blastula The hollow ball of cells marking the end

stage of cleavage during early embryonic

development.

244.Blood

pressure

the pressure that is exerted by the blood

against the walls of blood vessels

Biology EOC VocabularyStudy online at quizlet.com/_71cfw


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260.Brain Stem the part of the brain that l ies between the

cerebellum and spinal cord that controls

the body's involuntary actions

71. carbohydrate organic compound used by cells to store

and release energy; composed of carbon,

hydrogen, and oxygen

145.carbon cycle combined processes, including

photosynthesis, decomposition, andrespiration, by which carbon as a

component of various compounds cycles

between its major reservoirs - the

atmosphere, oceans, and living organisms

241.Cardiovascular

System

the body system that consists of the heart,

blood vessels, and blood, and that carries

needed substances to cells and carries

waste products away from cells

99. carrying

capacity

number of organisms of one species that

an environment can support indefinitely

29. Cell basic unit of organization of living things94. cell

specialization

each cell does a specific function for a

larger organ or tissue

40. cell theory states cells are a basic unit of

organization, all organisms are made up

of one or more cells, and all cells come

from preexisting cells

186.cell wall fairly rigid structure located outside the

plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most

bacteria, and some protists; provides

support and protection

254.Cell-mediatedimmunity

type of specific defense immunity that isnot dependent on antibodies

21. cellular

respiration

process that uses oxygen to break down

glucose and release energy

233.Central Dogma DNA-->mRNA-->Protein

220.Central

Vacuole

a large, fluid-filled organelle/sac that

stores not only water but also enzymes,

metabolic wastes, and other materials in

plant cells

45. centrioles small, dark cylindrical structures that are

made of microtubules and located just

outside the nucleus, and play an active role

in cell division

258.Cerebellum the "little brain" attached to the rear of the

brainstem; it helps coordinate voluntary

movement and balance

257.Cerebrum largest part of the brain that controls the

senses and thinking

188.Charles

Darwin

scientist who formulated the theory of

evolution by natural selection

182.chemosynthesis autotrophic process where organisms

obtain energy from the breakdown of

inorganic compounds containing sulfur

and nitrogen

70. chitin complex carbohydrate found in the cell

wall of most fungi

73. chlorophyll major pigment of photosynthetic

autotrophs (green algae and plants)

61. Chloroplasts organelle used in plant cells to carry out

the process of photosynthesis

100.chromosomes cell structures that carry the genetic

material that is copied and passed from

generation to generation of cells

101.cirdadian

rhythm

innate behavior based on the 24 hour

cycle of the day; light-regulated;

determines sleep and awake

204.Class a taxonomic group containing one or

more orders

185.clone genetically identical copy of an organism

or gene

12. codominance type of inheritance where offspring that

show both tan and brown fur (purebred

father with brown fur and a purebred

mother with tan fur)

102.codon set of three nitrogenous bases that

represent an amino acid

121.coevolution the evolution of two or more

interdependent species, each adapting to

changes in the other

235.Commensalism symbiotic relationship in which one

member of the association benefits and

the other is neither helped nor harmed

36. commensalism interrelationship where one species

benefits, while another species is neither

helped nor hurt

124.community collection of several interacting

populations that inhabit a common

environment

103.compound light

microscope

instrument that uses light and a series of

lenses to magnify objects

170.Conservation methods and plans to protect biodiversity

20. convergent

evolution

dolphins and fish are unrelated

vertebrates with similar body shapes that

are adapted for moving efficiently through

water; what is the evolutionary process

shown by this example?

8. crossing over non-sister chromatids from homologous

chromosomes break and exchange

genetic material


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216.Cytoplasm a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the

organelles are suspended

1. Cytoskeleton cellular structure with analogous function to

the human skeleton; maintains cell shape

107.decomposers organisms such as fungi and bacteria that

break down and absorb nutrients from dead

organisms

167.demography study of population characteristics such as

growth rate, age structure, and geographic

distribution

76. dichotomous

key

a key for the identification of organisms

based on a series of choices between

alternative characters

39. diffusion net movement of particles from an area of

higher concentration to an area of lower

concentration

91. digestive

system

system that functions to digest food, absorbs

nutrients, and eliminate undigested food and

other wastes

54. diploid cell containing two of each kind of

chromosome, 2n number of chromosomes

213.DNA nucleic acid polymer produced from covalent

bonding of nucleotide monomers; genetic

material of nearly all organisms

95. DNA

replication

process in which chromosomal DNA is

copied before mitosis or meiosis takes place

207.Domain most inclusive taxonomic category; larger

than a kingdom.(There are three)

81.

dorsalhollow nerve

cord

nerve cord found in al l chordates that formthe spinal cord and brain

163.ecological

pyramid

graphical representation designed to show

the biomass or productivity at each trophic

level in a given ecosystem

194.Ecosystem the interaction of a community of organisms

with their physical environment

168.El Nino

phenomenon

warming of the surface water of the eastern

and central Pacific Ocean, occurring every 4

t0 12 years and causing unusual global

weather patterns; sometimes called southern

oscillation

273.Embryo the developing human organism from about

2 weeks after fertiliza tion through the second

month

224.Entropy a measure of the randomness or disorder of a

system

2. Enzyme protein that changes the rate of a chemical

reaction and is involved in nearly all

metabolic processes

63. Eubacteria /

Archaebacteria

kingdoms that include prokaryotes

41. eukaryotes cells that have a nucleus and other

organelles enclosed by a plasma

membrane

199.Evolution the gradual change in a species over time,

the sequence of events involved in the

gradual development of a species ortaxonomic group of organisms

172.experiment procedure that tests a hypothesis by

collecting information under controlled

conditions

108.exponential

growth

growth pattern where a population grows

faster as it increases in size; graph of

growing population resembles a J-shaped

curve

35. extinction when the last member of a species dies

270.Fallopian

Tubes

tubes which carry eggs from the ovaries to

the uterus and which provides the placewhere fertilization occurs

202.Family a taxonomic group containing one or more

genera(genus), the taxonomic category

above genus

130.fermentation the anaerobic conversion of sugar to

carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast

166.fertility rates ratio of live births in an area to the

population of that area; expressed per

1000 population per year (birthrate)

227.Fertilization process in sexual reproduction in which

male and female reproductive cells join to

form a new cell

272.Fetus name given to a human embryo after eight

weeks of development until birth

123.field ecology process of observations and study of plants

and animals in their natural setting

72. flagella long filament used to propel autotrophic

algae through the water

31. food chain simple model used to show how matter

and energy move through an ecosystem

139.food web model that shows all the possible feedingrelationships at each trophic level in a

community

62. Fossil physical evidence of an organism that

lived long ago that scientists use to study

the past

261.Frontal Lobe the lobe at the front of the brain associated

with movement, speech, and impulsive

behavior, reasoning, planning, emotions,

and problem solving


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65. Fungi kingdom that includes heterotrophic

eukaryotes that absorb nutrients

52. gametes male and female sex cells, formed during

meiosis

164.gametophyte haploid form of an organism in

alternation of generations that produces

gametes

78. gastrulation inward movement of cells to form two cell

layers, the endoderm and ectoderm

198.Gene a segment of DNA on a chromosome that

codes for a specific trait

152.gene mutation mutation due to reorganization of a gene

(point mutation)

141.gene regulation cellular control of amount and timing of

changes to the appearance of the product

of a gene; control of gene expression

19. genetic drift alteration of allelic frequencies by change

events that greatly effects small

populations

56. genetic

engineering

insertion of normal genes into human

cells to correct genetic disorders

153.genotype combination of genes in an organism

201.Genus a group of closely related species, and the

first part of the scientific name in binomial

nomenclature

109.geographic

isolation

occurs whenever a physical barrier divides

a population, resulting in individuals no

longer able to mate; causes new species

212.Glucose 6-carbon sugar that organisms degrade asa source of energy during cellular

respiration

217.Golgi

apparatus

stack of membranes in the cell that

modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for

export by the cell

229.Gregor Mendel father of genetics. Experimented with pea

plants and discovered law of dominance,

ind. assortment, and segregation

158.growth increase in the amount of living material

and formation of new s tructures in an

organism; a characteristic of all livingthings

149.guanine a purine base found in DNA and RNA;

pairs with cytosine

214.Guanine,

Adenine,

Cytosine,

Thymine,

Uracil

name all 5 nucleotide bases(DNA and

RNA bases and the one they share)

119.gymnosperms a plant, such as a cycad or conifer, whose

seeds are not enclosed within an ovary, but

arranged in cones

226.Haploid cell containing one of each kind of

chromosome, 1n number of chromosomes

53. heredity the passing on of characteristics from

parents to offspring

157.heterotrophic organisms that cannot make their own food

and must feed on other organisms for energy

and nutrients

161.hibernation state of reduced metabolism occurring in

animals that sleep during parts of cold

winter months; an animal's temperature

drops, oxygen consumption decreases, and

breathing rate declines

251.Histamine send out signals to a variety of cells to cause

bone marrow to increase production of

white blood cells

93. homeostasis regulation of internal environment tomaintain conditions suitable for survival

253.Humoral

immunity

type of specific defense immunity dependent

on antibodies

211.Hydrophilic type of molecule that interacts with water

because it is polar

210.Hydrophobic type of molecule that does not interact with

water because it is nonpolar

245.Hypertension high blood pressure

223.Hypertonic

Solution

a solution in which the concentration of

solutes is greater than that of the cell. Cellshrinks and shrivels in this type of solution

18. Hypothesis explanation for a question or a problem that

can be formally tested

222.Hypotonic

Solution

a solution in which the concentration of

solutes is less than that of the cell. Cell

swells and bursts in this type of solution

122.immune

response

a protective response of the body's immune

system that recognizes an invading

substance (an antigen - a virus or bacteria),

and produces antibodies specific against

that antigen

249.Immune

System

a system (including the thymus and bone

marrow and lymphoid tissues) that protects

the body from foreign substances and

pathogenic organisms by producing the

immune response

248.Immunity the body's capacity for identifying,

destroying, and disposing of disease-

causing agents

90. imprinting learned behavior in which an animal, at a

specific critical time of its life, forms a social

attachment to another object


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131.independent

assortment

formation of random combinations of

chromosomes in meiosis and of gene on

different pairs of homologous chromosomes

by the passage at random of one of each

diploid pair of homologous chromosomes

into each gamete independently of each

other pair

128.independent

variable

in an experiment, the condition that is

tested because it affects the outcome of the

experiment

25. Inference drawing a conclusion based on

circumstantial evidence rather than as a

result of observation

174.inflammation secondary immune response characteristic

of swelling, heat, redness, and pain;

includes an influx of white blood cells

221.Isotonic

Solution

a solution whose solute concentration is

equal to the solute concentration inside a

cell

146.J-curve curve of exponential population growth over

a short period of time

113.karyotype chart of metaphase chromosome pairs

arranged according to length and location

of the centromere; used to determine

numbers

206.Kingdom a large taxonomic group, consisting of

closely related phyla

151.law of

dominance

Mendel's third law; states that one of the

factors for a pair of inherited traits will be

dominant and the other recessive, unless

both factors are recessive

13. law of

segregation

when gametes are produced, each gamete

receives one of two poss ible alleles

209.Law/Principle theory that is generally accepted by an

overwhelming number of scientists

114.limiting factor any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the

existence, numbers, reproduction, or

distribution of organisms

189.Linnaeus botanist and found of the modern

classification system for plants and animals

and binomial nomenclature60. Louis Pasteur disproved the idea of spontaneous

generation by conducting experiments with

curve-necked flasks

159.lymphatic

system

system by which lymph is returned from the

cells to the blood and by which white blood

cells are produced in response to

inflammation or presence of antigens

5. Lysosome organelle within the cell functioning like a

miniature stomach

180.lytic cycle viral replication cycle in which a virus

takes over a host cell's genetic material

and uses the host cell's structures and

energy to replicate until the host cell

crusts, killing it

259.Medulla

Oblongata

part of the brainstem that controls vital

life-sustaining functions such as

heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and

digestion

10. meiosis type of cell division where one body cell

produces four gametes, each with half the

number of chromosomes

196.Metabolism all of the chemical reactions that occur

within an organism

156. microevolution minor evolutionary change observed over a

short period of time; gradual accumulation

leading to new varieties of species

136.migration instinctive seasonal movements of animals

from place to place137.mimicry structural adaptation that enables one

species to resemble another species; may

provide protection from predators

6. Mitochondria "power-house" of the cell

183.mitochondria eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles

that transform energy stored in food

molecules

51. mitosis cellular division resulting in two daughter

cells, exactly identical to parent cells, with

a complete set of chromosomes

82. Mollusca phylum that contains organisms with a

mantle, bilateral symmetry, a digestive

tract with two openings, and a muscular

foot (some organisms will contain a hard

shell - univalve or bivalve)

155.monohybrid

cross

genetic cross made to examine the

distribution of one specific set of alleles in

the resulting offspring

275.Morula solid ball of cells that makes up an embryo;

in humans, this stage occurs within four

days of fertilization.

184.multicellular organisms that are composed of two ormore cells (eukaryotic)

234.Mutualism symbiotic relationship in which both

species benefit from the relationship

58. natural

selection

mechanism for change in a population

(can be directional, stabilizing,

disruptive), "survival of the fittest"


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92. negative

feedback

internal mechanism in which a substance

is fed back to inhibit the original signal

and reduce production of a substance

(example: hormones in the endocrine

system)

276.Neurulation the development of the nervous system

150.nitrogenous

base

carbon ring structure found in DNA and

RNA that contains one or more atoms ofnitrogen; includes adenine, guanine,

cytosine, thymine, and uracil

9. nondisjunction failure of chromosomes to separate

properly during meiosis

74. nonvascular

plant

plants in which the transport of water and

other substances is mainly by osmosis and

diffusion from cell to cell

55. nucleic acid organic molecule composed of nucleotides

(sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base)

219.Nucleus control center of the cell

144.nutrition process by which living organisms obtain

appropriate foods and use it for growth,

metabolism, and repair

263.Occipital Lobe portion of the brain posterior to the

parietal and temporal lobes, responsible

for vision

33. omnivore organism that consumes both plant and

animal products

79. open

circulatory

system

system where blood moves through vessels

into open spaces around the body organs

203.Order a taxonomic group containing one or more

families

192.organ a collection of tissues that carry out a

specialized function of the body

193.organ system a group of organs that work together to

perform a specific function

190.organism an individual living thing

269.Ovaries the female gonads that store the ova and

produce female sex hormones

133.parasites an organism that grows, feeds, and is

sheltered on or in a different organism

while contributing nothing to the survival

of its host

236.Parasitism symbiotic relationship between two

organisms of different species where one

benefits and the other is harmed

262.Parietal Lobe portion of the brain posterior to the frontal

lobe, responsible for sensations such as

pain, temperature, and touch

256.Passive

Immunity

an immunity resulting from antibodies that

are conveyed naturally through the

placenta to a fetus or artificially by

injection of a serum containing antibodies

132.pathogen disease-producing agent such as bacteria,

protozoans, fungi, viruses, and other

parasites

118.pedigree graphic representation of geneticinheritance used by geneticist to map

genetic traits between several generations

265.Penis male reproductive organ

250.Phagocytes white blood cells that digest & destroy

microorgasims and other unwanted

substances - part of immunity system

154.phenotype outward appearance of an organism,

regardless of its genes

176.phloem vascular plant tissue made up of tubular

cells joined end to end; transports sugars

to all parts of the plant

147.phospholipids

bilayer

a two-layered arrangement of phosphate

and lipid molecules that form a cell

membrane; the hydrophobic lipid ends

facing inward and the hydrophilic

phosphate ends facing outward

47. Photosynthesis process by which cells use light energy to

make simple sugars

197.Photosynthesis

equation

6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6-H12-O6 + 6O2

162.phototropism growth or movement of a sessile organism

toward or away from a source of light

205.Phylum the major taxonomic group of animals and

plants, , the taxonomic group below

kingdom and above class

274.Placenta organ in placental mammals through

which nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide,

and wastes are exchanged between embryo

and mother

66. Plantae kingdom that includes multicellular

autotrophs (with cell walls) with complex

organ systems

215.Plasma

Membrane

membrane surrounding the cytoplasm that

consists of a phospholipid bilayer

embedded with proteins; function to

regulate the entrance and exit of molecules

from cell

179.pollination from male reproductive organs to female

reproductive organs of plants, usually

within the same species

169.Pollution introduction of harmful substances or

products into the environment


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116.polygenic

inheritance

inheritance pattern of a trait controlled by

two or more genes; genes may be on the same

or different chromosomes

279.Pons a band of nerve fibers linking the medulla

oblongata and the cerebellum with the

midbrain

112.population group of organisms all the same species,

which interbreed and live in the same placeat the same time

138.producer photosynthetic green plant or

chemosynthetic bacterium, constituting the

first trophic level in a food chain; autotroph

43. prokaryote cells without a nucleus or other organelles,

but with nucleic acids

111.protein large, complex polymer composed of carbon,

hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen that provides

structure for tissues and organs and carries

out cell metabolism

50. proteinsynthesis

process by which amino acids are linearlyarranged into proteins through the

involvement of rRNA, tRNA, mRNA and

enzymes

64. Protista kingdom that includes eukaryotes that lack

complex organ systems and live in moist

environments (unicellular)

181.protocells large, ordered structure, enclosed by a

membrane, that carries out some life

activities, such as growth and division

173.protozoans unicellular, heterotrophic, animal-like protist

178.pseudopodia in protozoans, cytoplasm-containing

extensions of the plasma membrane; aid in

locomotion and feeding

80. radial

symmetry

type of symmetry exhibited by a sand dollar

247.Red blood

cells

blood cells containing hemoglobin that carry

oxygen through the bloodstream

68. relative

dating

dating method that relies on the position of

rock layers

171.renewable

resources

natural resources that are replenished by

natural processes at a rate comparable to its

rate of consumption by humans

87. reptiles organisms that are ectotherms that have dry,

scaly skin, internal fertilization, and

amniotic eggs

120.respiration using lungs, gills, skin to provide exchange

between oxygen and carbon dioxide

129.ribosomes non-membrane-bound organelles in the

nucleus and in the cell where proteins are

assembled

4. RNA carry the code from DNA to the ribosomes

238.Root System all of a plant's roots, which anchor it in the

soil, absorb and transport minerals and

water, and store food

218.Rough ER endoplasmic reticulum studded with

ribosomes and synthesizes proteins

267.Scrotum external sac that contains the testes

42. selective

permeability

plasma membrane controls what enters and

leaves the cell

83. Sessile term used to describe non-motile

asymmetrical organisms

11. sex

chromosomes

23rd pair of chromosomes

117.sex-linked

traits

traits controlled by genes located on sex

chromosomes

110.sexual

reproduction

pattern of reproduction that involves the

production and fusion of haploid sex cells

237.Shoot System The visible portion of a plant body,

consisting of stems, leaves, and (inangiosperms) flowers.

278.Smooth ER site of lipid synthesis

239.Soil accumulation of inorganic rock material

and organic matter that is capable

supporting the growth of vegetation

28. Species group of organisms that can interbreed and

produce fertile offspring in nature

57. spontaneous

generation

idea that nonliving material can produce life

127.

stewardship responsibility for environmental qualityshared by all those whose actions affect the

environment

148.substrate the substance acted upon by an enzyme

106.succession orderly, natural changes and species

replacements that take place in communities

of an ecosystem over time

126.sustainability capable of being continued with minimal

long-term effects on the environment

84. swim bladder thin-walled, internal sac found just below

the backbone in bony fishes (used to control

water depth)

30. Symbiosis any close and permanent association

among organisms of different species

200.Taxonomy the scientific study of how living things are

classified, the science of describing,

naming, and classifying organisms

264.Temporal

Lobe

portion of the brain that lies below the

frontal lobe, responsible for hearing, taste,

and smell


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142.test cross mating of an individual of unknown

genotypes with an individual of known

genotype; can help determine the unknown

genotype of the parent

268.Testes the male gonads, which produce sperm and

secrete male sex hormones.

96. Testosterone hormone in males that stimulates

production of sperm, secondary sexcharacteristics, production of FSH and LH

231.Transcription the organic process whereby the DNA

sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA.

DNA-->mRNA

16. Transcription results in an RNA copy of a DNA strand

24. Transgenic plants or animals that contain functional

recombinant DNA from an organism of a

different genus

232.Translation the process whereby genetic information

coded in mRNA directs the formation of a

specific protein. mRNA-->Protein

165.transpiration in plants, the loss of water through stomata

125.trophic level organism that represents a feeding step in

the movement of energy and materials

through an ecosystem

240.Tropism a growth response of a plant toward or away

from a directional stimulus

15. TT , Tt genotype for a homozygous tall pea plant;

genotype for a heterozygous tall pea plant,

using the letter "T"

105.tundra biome surrounding the north and southpoles; treeless with long summer days and

short periods of winter sunlight; permafrost

191.unicellular having or consisting of a single cell

14. uracil base that pairs with adenine in RNA

271.Uterus organ of the female reproductive system in

which a fertilized egg can develop

89. uterus hollow, muscular organ in which offspring

of placental mammals develop

22. vaccine weakened, dead, or incomplete portions of

pathogens or antigens used to preventdisease outbreak

187.vacuole membrane-bound space in the cytoplasm of

cells used for the temporary storage of

materials

266.Vagina female reproductive organ

75. vascular

tissue

a group of tubelike, elongated cells through

which water and other materials are

transported throughout the plant (xylem

and phloem)

243.Veins blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

104.vertebrate animal with an endoskeleton and a backbone

3. Virus disease-causing, non-living particle composed of

an inner core of nucleic acids surrounded by a

capsid and can reproduce only when they are

inside a host cell

140.water

cycle

cycle of evaporation and condensation that

controls the distribution of the earth's water as i t

evaporates from bodies of water, condenses,

precipitates, and returns to those bodies of water;

hydrologic cycle

246.White

blood

cells

disease fighting cells in blood, leukocytes,

175.xylem vascular plant tissue composed of tubular cells

that transport water and dissolved minerals from

the roots to the rest of the plant

228.Zygote diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an

egg

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Biology EOC Vocabulary