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Biomass market
opportunities
Finland 1. General country information
2. Economic indicators
3. Biomass availability
4. Energy profile
5. Energy & biomass policies
6. Funding opportunities
7. Business Climate
8. Important contacts
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
Page 2 of 12
Colophon
Date April 10, 2014
Status Final
This study was carried out in the framework of the Netherlands Programmes Sustainable Biomass by
Name organisation Partners for Innovation BV
Contact person Emiel Hanekamp
Although this report has been put together with the greatest possible care, NL Enterprise Agency does not accept
liability for possible errors.
Contact
Netherlands Programmes Sustainable Biomass
Jobert Winkel
NL Enterprise Agency
NL Energy and Climate Change
Croeselaan 15, 3521 BJ Utrecht
P.O. Box 8242, 3503 RE Utrecht
The Netherlands
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +31 - 88 - 602 7969
www.rvo.nl/biomass
Partners for Innovation BV
Emiel Hanekamp, Saskia de Lint and Floor
Osseweijer
Partners for Innovation BV
Cruquiusweg 20
1019 AT Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +31 (20) 6200511
www.partnersforinnovation.com
This document
This document is part of a series of 16, providing information on biomass markets in:
Europe: Germany, France, United Kingdom, Spain and Finland
EU/Asia: Russia and Latvia
Asia: China, India and Thailand
North- and South-America United States of America, Canada and Brazil
Africa: South-Africa and Ghana
Australia Australia
The selection of countries is done in close cooperation with NL Enterprise Agency. The objectives of the
country documents are: To provide companies a first impression of doing businesses in a country; To provide sources and contacts for more detailed information; To sketch opportunities how companies can be further supported when doing business in a country.
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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Finland has a friendly business climate (the best framework conditions for entrepreneurship in Nordic
countries), with minimal bureaucracy and a stable and competitive economy. Furthermore Finland
belongs to the innovation leaders of Europe for biomass activities, and is among the leading EU countries
in bioenergy use (more than 20 % of all primary energy consumption). Finland has the highest
percentage of forest cover in Europe (73%) and a highly developed wood and paper industry.
1. GENERAL COUNTRY INFORMATION
Country profiles at RVO: http://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/internationaal-ondernemen/landenoverzicht/finland
Descriptions of business sectors, key market players and business trends via Business
Monitor International: http://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/internationaal-
ondernemen/landenoverzicht/marktvergelijkingen/bmi
The Economist Intelligence Unit provides you with articles and short reports about Country
Analysis, Risk Analysis and Industry Analysis:http://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/internationaal-
ondernemen/landenoverzicht/marktvergelijkingen/eiu
Im- and export figures can be found at the International Trade Centre Databank: http://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/internationaal-ondernemen/landenoverzicht/marktvergelijkingen/trademap
Information U.S. Energy Information Administration: http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-
data.cfm?fips=FI&trk=m
2. ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Finland 2009 2010 2011 2012
GDP (current billion US$) 239,38 235,16 262,05 247,55
GDP growth (annual %) -9 3 3 -1
GDP per capita (current US$) 44,838 43,846 48,634 45,721
Population (Total, million) 5.339 5.363 5.388 5.414
Source: http://data.worldbank.org/country/finland http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD
Source: IRENA Renewable Energy Country Profiles 2013: http://www.irena.org/menu/index.aspx?mnu=Subcat&PriMenuID=36&CatID=141&SubcatID=336
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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3. BIOMASS AVAILABILITY
Land Use Parameters: Source 2012: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.TOTL.K2 http://en.worldstat.info/Europe/Land
Country Land area (km2)
Agricultural area (km2)
Arable land (km2)
Permanent crops (km2)
Forestry area (km2)
Finland 303,890 22,792 22,488 50 221,536
per 1000 capita 56.13 4.21 4.15 0.01 40.92
Agricultural and Forest Production
Country Forest production (m3) 2012 Agricultural production (1000 kg) 2012
Finland 64,098,587 4,643,600
Biomass Resources
Finland is rich in biomass resources, especially due to its high forestry cover of 73% (source
FAO), which is the highest forestry cover in Europe. Forests are mainly owned by Finnish
families. Energy from wood fuels plays an important role in Finland. In 2012 23% of the total
energy use was in the form of wood fuels. In the forestry sector, wood fuels are even more
important and account for 78% of total energy use.
Bio-Based Initiatives
New technique for making bio-based plastic packaging by VTT Technical Research Center of
Finland. The material is eco-friendly and biodegradable, it is also stronger and heat resistant.
The Biofore concept car: A car made from UPM’s Biofore biobased materials designed and
manufactured in partnership with Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, the
Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation.
Stora Enso has invested EUR 32 million in a world-class biorefinery at Sunila Mill in Finland. In
this mill up to 90% of natural gas will be replaced by lignin extracted from the black liquor.
This will significantly reduce the CO2-emissions of the mill. Production is scheduled to start
during the beginning of 2015. The technology also has the potential for future scalability at
other Group pulp mills. Sunila Mill has an annual capacity of 370 000 tonnes of softwood pulp.
4. ENERGY PROFILE
National Energy Profile 2011 (source : Irena)
Total Primary Energy Supply: 1,469.8 PJ - Of which renewables: 379.9 PJ (25.8%)
Energy self-sufficiency: 49%
Fuel imports: 18.3 billion USD (21.8% of total imports)
Electricity generation: 73.5 TWh - Of which renewables: 24.2 TWh (32.9%)
Electricity use per capita: 15,738 kWh
Electrical capacity: 16.7 GW - Of which renewables: 5.3 GW (31.6%)
Electricity access rate: 99.9%
Share of population using solid fuels: < 5% (2010)
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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*excl. electricity rate Source: Irena Renewable Energy Country Profiles European Union
RES Share in 2011 (%) Source: Eurostat, April 2013
Overall RES
% biomass / Tot Final Energy
2020 RES Target
RES-electricity
RES transport
RES heating/ cooling
EU 27 13.00 8.39% 20.00 21.70 3.80 15.10
Finland 31.70 28.10% 38.00
29.20 0.40 44.30
Estimation of Total Contribution Expected from Bioenergy in 2020 (ktoe)
Total Bioelectricity Biomass for heat and bioheat
Biofuels
EU 27 138,312 19,697 89,756 28,859
Finland 8,280 1,110 6,610 560
Forecast per country (EU): http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/action_plan_en.htm
More information: AEBIOM report, European Bioenergy Outlook 2013
Prices
Energy Prices charged to Final Consumers: Industry and Households (EUR per kWh)
Consumer Electricity 2011
(€/kWh) 2012
2013 Gas 2011
€/Gigajoule 2012
2013
Industry EU 28 0.0928 0.0958 0.0943 8.97 10.16 10.56
Finland 0.0686 0.0684 0.0679 9.34 10.88 10.60
Households EU 28 0.1277 0.1339 0.1373 11.92 13.50 14.05
Finland 0.1081 0.1089 0.1102
Source: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/energy/data/main_tables
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/mapToolClosed.do?tab=map&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=ten00114&toolbox=types
Bio Energy Projects Reported in the BNEF Database
90 MW and 158 MWth of biomass-fired capacity addition announced (2 projects)
108 million litres of biodiesel per year capacity addition announced (1 project)
9.8 million litres of bioethanol per year capacity addition announced (1 project)
More Information:
AEBIOM: December 2013 Statistical report http://www.aebiom.org/
Market observatory & Statistics; Energy figures by country http://ec.europa.eu/energy/observatory/countries/countries_en.htm National renewable energy action plans: information on policies, targets, resources and use http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/action_plan_en.htm
5. ENERGY & BIOMASS POLICIES
For the Finnish government a low carbon and resource-efficient society is a key objective. One
of the activities will be the preparation of the first national bioeconomy strategy. Finland sees a
role for itself for example as a raw material supplier. However more and more emphasis will be
put on the added value of biomass, products, innovation and ecosystem services. More
information: http://www.sitra.fi/en/ecology/bioeconomy http://www.ym.fi/fi-FI/Ajankohtaista/Puheet/Minister_of_the_Environment_of_Finland_V(26194)
Renewable Energy
Finland moved from its investment grant support to a feed-in premium in 2011.
Premium tariff
Subsidy (Energy Aid)
Renewable Energy is promoted in Finland by:
Electricity: from biogas
Premium feed-in-tariff: € 83.5 / MWh
+ heat bonus € 50 / MWh (when qualified)
Electricity: from wood fuels Premium feed-in-tariff: € 83.5 / MWh + heat bonus € 20 / MWh (when qualified)
Heat “heat bonus” for CHP plants working on biogas and wood fuel
Biofuels Main incentive: quota system
Electricity and heat produced from RES is not given priority by grid access
More information:https://www.tem.fi/en/energy/renewable_energy_sources/feed-in_tariff_of_renewable_energy
Targets:
38% of final energy from renewables by 2020
At least 10% of transport energy from renewables by 2020
Electricity prices for industrial consumers euro/kWh
Electricity prices for households euro/kWh
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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Increase the use of renewable energy by at least 25% by 2015 and 40% by 2025
13,152 MW of bioenergy capacity by 2020.
The Finnish National Renewable Energy Action Plan (published in 2010) shows how Finland
expects to reach their legally binding 2020 target for the share of renewable energy in their
total energy consumption, as required by the RED (2009/28/EC). http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/action_plan_en.htm
The Renewable Energy Progress Report of Europe, including Finland can be found at:
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/reports/doc/com_2013_0175_res_en.pdf
RES LEGAL Europe: for more information on:
support schemes
grid issues and
policies per country
For: Electricity, Heating and cooling, Transport
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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6. FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES
EU Funding Schemes
Horizon 2020 – the new EU Framework programme for RTD
Horizon 2020 is the successor of the 7th Framework Programme for Research and
Technological Development (FP7). Budget € 77,6 billion for research and innovation in Europe
for 2014 – 2020. Topics include: energy efficiency, use of renewables as flexible feedstock for
chemical and energy applications.
LIFE+ - EU funding programme for the Environment
Calls are expected May/June 2014, Budget €3.4 billion for 2014 - 2020.
Topics include: Climate change - Energy, Industry & production, waste.
NER300 is one of the world's largest funding programmes for innovative low-carbon energy
demonstration projects, like CCS and innovative renewable energy (RES) technologies on a
commercial scale within the European Union.
National Funding Schemes
TEKES: Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation, development projects that aim
for growth and business innovation. Funding for companies (SMEs) registered in Finland.
Forest Services
METSO-programme is a voluntary and bottom-up measure for promoting the conservation of
forests in Southern Finland. The programme provides compensation to forests owners for the
conservation of forests.
7. BUSINESS CLIMATE
Ease of Doing Business in Finland:
Finland has a business friendly climate and is ranked 12th out of 189 countries in the World
Bank Ease of Doing Business index 2014. In comparison, the Netherlands is ranked 28. On the
website information about: permits, administration time, specific laws et cetera is present.
Topic DOING BUSINESS 2014 DOING BUSINESS 2013
Total rating 12 12 Starting a Business 55 48 Dealing with Construction Permits 36 34 Getting Electricity 22 21 Registering Property 26 25 Getting Credit 42 40 Protecting Investors 68 67 Paying Taxes 21 23 Trading Across Borders 9 9 Enforcing Contracts 8 8 Resolving Insolvency 3 4 Source: http://www.doingbusiness.org
8. IMPORTANT CONTACTS
Relation with The Netherlands:
Embassy + consulates
Finnish Dutch Trade Guild: http://www.fdtg.eu/index.php
Netherlands Embassy in Helsinki Finland, http://finland.nlembassy.org/
[Market Opportunities for Biomass in Finland] | [April 10, 2014]
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BIC (The Biobased Industries Consortium), a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) between the
European Commission and 48 European companies. Programming coordinator is the Dutch
biobased expert Annita Westenbroek. Also FIBIC, the Finnish Bioeconomy Cluster is involved.
Biobased Delta: Finland has shown interest to participate in the Biobased Delta, in which the
Netherlands, Belgium and Germany are working together.
Existing agreements between Finland and the Netherlands. BioBased Organisations in Finland:
Motiva, is a government-owned expert company promoting efficient and sustainable use of
energy and materials. A good source of info and a good contact in general: Presentation:
Renewable energy trends in Finland 2013.
Ministries Involved in Biomass Issues:
Ministry of Employment and the Economy (Energy aspects)
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (forestry aspects)
Bioenergy Association of Finland: The Bioenergy Association represents the interests of the
entire bioenergy sector in Finland, from land ownership to forest and energy companies, and
technology and research in the field. The association has over 200 member organisations
MTK Central Union of Agricultural Producers and Forest Owners: is a trade organisation and
interest group for farmers, forest owners and rural entrepreneurs, 150,000 members.
VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland), is a globally networked multitechnological applied
research organization, with thorough expertise in: bioenergy, biofuels and biomaterials.
SHOKs (Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation) carry out long-term
cooperation in fields most crucial for the future, including bioenergy. FIBIC and CLEEN are
involved in the sector, and are active in international cooperation. FIBIC, Finnish Bioeconomy
Cluster, is one of the six SHOKs and member of BIC, The Biobased Industries Consortium. In
addition to FIBIC, Finnish participants in the partnership include the forestry companies Metsä
Group, Stora Enso and UPM as well as SAPPI, SCA and Kemira.
Energy authority: promotes and monitors the energy market. Furthermore they stimulate the
reduction of emissions, energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy.
More information: http://biconsortium.eu/,
Statistics Finland: http://www.tilastokeskus.fi/til/index_en.html
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