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Targeted Intelligent Energy System
Biomass to Fuel Presentation
Rotawave Ltd
Demands on Power Generation 1. Growing Energy Demand
Population Growth Improving standards in the third world
2. Reducing the impact of electricity generation
Clean fossil fuel technology Renewables
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Rotawave Ltd
Biomass Generation – part of the mix
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Worlds fourth largest energy resource Renewable and sustainable Cost effective with respect to other renewable energy resources Base load option – not influenced by weather etc. Commercially proven
Coal Substitution
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Capital Plant - Many existing coal fired generation sets no longer meet environmental legislation, and are closing. - They need to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and particulates (dust) - The cheapest way to convert them is using a substance which is like coal, but does not have the same emissions. - Projected power short fall as early as 2014.
Opex - Typically a power station emits 2.3 tonnes of C02 for every tonne of coal burnt. - The ETS charge adds 0.7p extra per kWh.
Rotawave Ltd
Disadvantages of untreated biomass Advantages of torrified biomass Poor long term stability Stable no biodegradation
Water sensitive Hydrophobic
Fibrous, difficult to grind Brittle, suitable for ball mills
Feedstock-specific material handling Compatible with coal handling equipment
Low energy density High energy density
Poor transport economics Improved transport economics
Problems with Biomass as Fuel
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Rotawave Ltd
What is torrefaction?
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• Torrefaction of wood can be described as gently heating wood in a low oxygen environment.
• Biomass properties are changed to obtain a much better fuel quality for combustion and gasification applications.
• Torrefaction leads to a dry product. • Torrefaction combined with densification leads to a
very energy-dense fuel of 20 to 25 GJ/ton. • Unfortunately heating a great insulator like wood in
an even manner is not that easy…..unless.
Rotawave Ltd
Energy can be transferred directly
Solution - Microwaves
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Biomass
Water High Penetration
No contact
Targeted heating of active sites hence Low Bulk Temperature
Active Sites
Rotawave Ltd
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Biochar Production at Our Pilot Plant
Conventional Thermal Char Rotawave
Char
Rotawave Ltd
Biomass
Microwave treatment
Char: solid fuel Drying
Thermal Energy
Electrical Energy
Microwave Biomass Process
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Select Gas
Export
Rotawave Ltd
Typical Pellet Properties • High calorific value 21- 26MJ/kg • Low ash <3% • Low sulphur • High HGI >40 • High bulk density >700kg/m3 • Water resistant • Fully compatible with coal • High energy density • Low GHG
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Rotawave Ltd
So how does it compare?
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Rotawave Ltd
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and the proof of the pudding……