Blood types김범준 ( 성대물리 )

이성훈 , 이동명 ( 아주대물리 )김완석 ( 아주대심리 )

Motivation

Chat over dinner table with my wife Is there any relation between the blood type and

personality? Recent movie “My boyfriend is type B”.

Nature versus Nurture Men from Mars, women from Venus. Genetics has at least something to do with

personality. Can blood type determine personality? Can it be so

simple? Not a physics probably. Just for Fun! What is physics anyway?

What to study?

Relation between blood types of married couples: on-line survey (274 answered).

Relation between blood types and MBTI psychological test (851 university students + me).

Disguised to be more scientific Blood distance between ethnic groups Build weighted network Correlation between blood distance and

geographic distance

Biology: ABO Blood System

and are dominant over Six genotypes: , , , , , Four phenotypes:

OBA III ,, Three alleles:

AI BI OI

OIBI

AI AI AI OI BI BI BI OIAI OI

OABBA ,,,

Biology: Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Principle of random mating Mean-field approximation in physics

Allelic frequnecy Genotypic frequency from H-W E.g.,

Phenotypic frequency from H-W

)1( , )( ,)( ,)( rqprIPqIPpIP OBA

pqIIPpIIP BAAA 2)( ,)( 2 qrprpqrqprqp 222)( 2222

qrqBPprpAP 2)( ,2)( 22 2)( ,2)( rOPpqABP

Statistics: chi-square test You throw a coin 100 times. 40 heads, and 60 tail

s are observed. Is the coin normal? Null hypothesis: The coin is O.K. The deviation is only du

e to statistical fluctuation. Expected frequencies : Observed frequencies : Big means the coin is strange. How big is big? follows the chi-square distribution with d.o.f. = 1 in the table. The deviation is statisticall

y significant. The hypothesis is rejected with error threshold 0.05. Strange coin.

50 ,505.0100 21 EE

60 ,40 21 OO4

)(2

1

22

i i

ii

E

EO2

2

05.0)84.3( 21 P

Statistics: chi-square test The chi-square test of independence between two

categorial variables. Null hypothesis: Two are independent

Chi-square distribution with d.o.f.

),...,2,1(),,...,2,1( cjBriA ji

)()( )()()( jiijjiji BPANPEBPAPBAP

r

i

c

j ij

ijij

E

EO

1 1

22 )(

)1)(1( cr

)()( with /)()( jiii BnAnNNAnAP

Blood Types of Married Couples

Married Couples

On-line survey (274 couples)

E.g, (Male A, Female A) has (78/274)(88/274)(274) = 25.1

(via null hypothesis of random mating) : null hypothesis is not rejected with error threshold 0.

05, i.e.,

)( ijij EO

Female A Female B Female AB Female O Total

Male A 27 (25.1) 26 (22.5) 8 (7.1) 17 (23.3) 78

Male B 26 (26.7) 23 (23.9) 5 (7.6) 29 (24.8) 83

Male AB 9 (11.2) 9 (10.1) 1 (3.2) 16 (10.5) 35

Male O 26 (25.1) 21 (22.5) 11 (7.1) 20 (23.3) 78

Total 88 79 25 82 274

9.112 05.0)59.23( 2

9 P

Married Couples

Hardy-Weinberg assumption is valid. When you fall in love, you are blind to everythi

ng including blood type of your love. Marriage is often assortative. Blood-type blind

marriage indirectly implies the independence between blood type and some traits. (If A is taller than other types, we expect more A-A couples.)

Distribution of Blood Types

Representation of group of people

Blood type distribution (frequencies of A,B,AB,O) in ethnic groups are known.

E.g., Korea: A=32%, B=31%, AB=10%, O=28%

From H-W principle,

Each ethnic group is represented as a

point in plane.

qrqBPprpAP 2)( ,2)( 22 2)( ,2)( rOPpqABP

.determineduniquely : ),,( rqp

),( rp

64 Ethnic GroupsPEOPLE GROUP O A B AB 위도 경도 인구 대륙 p q r 확인

  Ainu(Japan) 17 32 32 18 43.05 141.67 150000 1 0.287689 0.287689 0.412311 0.987689

  GrandAndamanese

9 60 23 9 12.25 92.52 314084 1 0.530662 0.265685 0.3 1.096348

  Burmese 36 24 33 7 16.77 96.16 54000000 1 0.174597 0.230662 0.6 1.005259  Chinese-Canton 46 23 25 6 23.12 113.23 6850000 1 0.152429 0.164382 0.678233 0.995044

  Chinese-Peking 29 27 32 13 39.99 116.4 14560000 1 0.209815 0.242508 0.538516 0.99084

  Hindus(Bombay) 32 29 28 11 18.95 72.82 12691836 1 0.21534 0.208911 0.565685 0.989936

  Japanese 30 38 22 10 127.68 139.77 1.3E+08 1 0.276899 0.173388 0.547723 0.998009  Koreans 28 32 31 10 37.55 126.99 ######### 1 0.245446 0.238964 0.52915 1.013561  Malasians 62 18 20 0 2.5 112.5 23953136 1 0.107026 0.118138 0.787401 1.012565 Philippinos 45 22 27 6 14.63 121.03 95000000 1 0.147715 0.177708 0.67082 0.996243

  Tartars 28 30 29 13 55.78 49.17 8000000 1 0.232427 0.225833 0.52915 0.98741  Thais 37 22 33 8 13.73 100.5 65444371 1 0.159838 0.228384 0.608276 0.996498 Vietnamese

42 22 30 5 21.03 105.5 75000000 1 0.151926 0.200454 0.648074 1.000454

 Abyssinians

43 27 25 5 9.03 38.74 73053286 2 0.180916 0.168877 0.655744 1.005537

  Egyptians 33 36 24 8 30.03 31.22 77505756 2 0.256206 0.180527 0.574456 1.01119  Kikuyu(Kenya) 60 19 20 1 - 1.27 36.8 14500000 2 0.114223 0.119831 0.774597 1.00865

  SouthAfricans 45 40 11 4 - 25.75 28.23 44344136 2 0.251134 0.077511 0.67082 0.999466

  Sudanese 62 16 21 0 15 30 38114160 2 0.095775 0.123643 0.787401 1.006819  Buryats 33 21 38 8 51.83 107.6 436,000 2 0.160391 0.268159 0.574456 1.003006  Albanians 38 43 13 6 41.33 19.8 6000000 3 0.283559 0.097701 0.616441 0.997701 Armenians 31 50 13 6 40.25 44.57 8000000 3 0.343224 0.106549 0.556776 1.006549

  Austrians 36 44 13 6 28.12 16.35 8206524 3 0.294427 0.1 0.6 0.994427  Basques 51 44 4 1 43.33 - 1.78 7000000 3 0.260537 0.027477 0.714143 1.002156  Belgians 47 42 8 3 53 4.53 10445852 3 0.257833 0.056054 0.685565 0.999453

2D representation of people아시아 :* 아프리카 : 삼각형 유럽 :+  북아메리카 :x 남아메리카 : 네모 오세아니아 : 역삼각형

•Time evolution of a group: flow in (p,r) plane. •Will the fixed point exist? All ethnic groups will merge to a single fixed point?

Blood vs geographic distance

•Correlation exists!

Smaller scale

혈액형비율 O 형 (%) A 형 (%) B 형 (%) AB 형 (%) 위도 (N, 도 ) 경도 (E, 도 )

서울 27.3 33.9 27 11.8 37.55 126.99

부산 27.1 34.6 26.6 11.7 35.1 129.03

대구 27.6 33.2 27.8 11.4 35.87 128.6

인천 26.8 33.9 27.3 12 37.47 126.63

광주 25.2 37.9 24.5 12.4 35.15 126.9

대전 26.2 34.8 27.2 11.8 36.32 127.42

울산 27.8 33.7 26.3 12.2 35.53 129.3

경기 27.5 33.8 26.8 11.9 37.25 127

강원 29.3 30.4 28.2 12.1 37.75 128.88

충북 27.4 33.9 27.4 11.3 36.97 127.93

충남 26.7 34.9 26.1 12.3 36.8 127.15

전북 26 36.9 25.1 12 35.82 127.17

전남 25.8 37.3 24.6 12.3 34.73 127.73

경북 28.1 32.9 27.7 11.3 36.02 129.37

경남 27.8 34.5 25.8 11.9 35.27 128.62

제주 25.8 28.5 32.1 13.6 33.5 126.52

Smaller scale

People marry people nearby. Geographically distant two groups can

sometimes have short blood distance. But not vice versa.

Network Weight = inverse blood distance. (cutoff = 25.0) A way of measuring genetic distance between groups

Network

Interesting observations: Japan is closer to Russia. Korea and China-Peking are close. Fit well to what we expect (with some

exception)

Korean Network

Blood type and MBTI

Psychology: MBTI Test

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: Bisect personality in four different axes Extrovert/Introvert (E/I) Sensing/Intuition (S/N) Thinking/Feeling (T/F) Judging/Perceiving (J/P)

16 different combinations: ESTJ, … , INFP

Me? INTJ

MBTI

Blood and MBTI

Size of table (blood type x MBTI) = 64 852 people seem not enough. Independence test for blood type and four pairs

of MBTI (E/I, S/N, T/F, J/P). 4 x 2 : d.o.f = 3,

05.0)82.7( 23 P

Blood and MBTII E Total

A 195 (182.3) 102 (114.7) 297

B 123 (125.8) 82 (79.2) 205

AB 61 (60.8) 38 (38.2) 99

O 144 (154.1) 107 (96.9) 251

Total 523 329 852

S N Total

A 200 (192.4) 97 (104.6) 297

B 111 (132.8) 94 (72.2) 205

AB 63 (64.1) 36 (34.9) 99

O 178 (162.6) 73 (88.4) 251

Total 552 300 852

T F Total

A 181 (180.6) 116 (116.4) 297

B 121 (124.6) 84 (80.4) 205

AB 67 (60.2) 32 (38.8) 99

O 149 (152.6) 102 (98.4) 251

Total 518 334 852

J P Total

A 140 (127.6) 157 (169.4) 297

B 75 (88.1) 130 (116.9) 205

AB 42 (42.5) 57 (56.5) 99

O 109 (107.8) 142 (143.2) 251

Total 366 486 852

55.52 46.22

16.42 2.152

Blood and MBTI

I/E, T/F, J/P : independent of blood type. For S/N : one can reject the null hypothesis

of independence with the error threshold 0.01.

In detail for S/N: Male behave strangely.

In more detail, it is found that ‘B type male’ tends to belong N rather than S.

femalefor 4.84,

male,for ,38.12 2

01.0)35.11(,05.0)82.7( 23

23 PP

Rumors and MBTI

Internet: ▷ 자신감이 넘치다 못해 하늘을 찌른다 ▷누구의 말이건 일단 무시하고 본다 ▷ 타인의 시선이나 감정을 고려하지 않는다 ▷성격이 급하다 보니 언제나 행동이 앞선다

▷남자다움과 여자다움에 대한 고정관념이 크다 ▷화가 나면 며칠씩 전화도 안 받는다 ▷무드라고는 눈곱만큼도 찾아볼 수 없다 ▷매사에 즉흥적이고 싫증을 잘 낸다 ▷감정기복이나 변덕이 여자보다 더하다

“My Boyfriend is Type B”

Two possibilities Male B is really more biased to N than to S (Intuition >Sensing) They were affected by recent boom on

“My boyfriend is type B”.Case 1: Why then all other 63 combinations(e.g., female B versus I/E) do not show correlation?Maybe Case 2. What you think?

Disregarding S/N

Neglecting S/N axis, we have all 8 categories for MBTI:4 x 8 = 32, d.o.f. = 21

Blood types and MBTI are independent

allfor ,0.23

femalefor 17.5,

male,for ,4.19 2

05.0)7.32( 221 P

Disregarding male B

Blood type and MBTI are independent.

30)(d.o.f. B without malefor 37.4,

45), (d.o.f. femalefor ,2.38 2

05.0)8.43(,05.0)6.61( 230

245 PP

Conclusion

Choice of spouse : blood-type blind. Hardy-Weinberg principle is verified.

Each ethnic group is represented by a point in 2D space of allelic frequency. Time evolution? Fixed point?

Blood distance between two groups is related with geographic distance. (On globe and in Korea).

Weighted network constructed.

Conclusion

Blood type and personality is weakly correlated with exception of male B.

Strong correlation between “male B” and

“N (Intuition)” type in MBTI: Genuine ? Affected by recent discussion on “B type

boyfriend”? What you think?