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11.1 Power Development
Electrification will provide a link between town and
country, will put an end to the division betweentown and country, will make it possible to overcome,even in the most remote corners of land,backwardness, ignorance, poverty and diseases….
- Lenin (Collected Works, Vol.30)
11.1.1. Introduction
The sustainable growth of an economy critically depends upon the
macro economic environment coupled with infrastructural development. As
such, power development is one of the key inputs for the overall economic
development of a state. The growth of the economy and its global
competitiveness hinges on the availability of reliable and quality power at
competitive rates. It has been estimated by the World Bank that the demand
for power will grow by nearly twice the rate at which the economy grows.
Therefore, adequate provision has to be made for augmenting power supply to
bridge the gap between demand and supply as well as to meet the increasing
future demand. Keeping this in view, due importance has been given to power
sector in the Plan periods in Tamil Nadu.
Power Sector
State Profile
The Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) occupies the third rank in the
list of top three State Electricity Boards (SEBs) in the country, along with
Maharashtra and Gujarat, in terms of the size of its operation gauged by the
generating capacity at its command, the amount of energy sold and the number
of consumers serviced. Tamil Nadu ranks sixth in terms of per capita electricity
consumption among the other States. The technical performance/efficiencies
of TNEB measured by the Plant Load Factor (PLF) and the transmission and
distribution losses have normally been above the All-India average and place
Tamil Nadu among the top five to six SEBs in terms of performance. The TNEB
has been in the forefront of rural electrification too. Extending electricity to
rural areas and promoting electrification of agricultural pumps have been
accorded top most priority in the TNEB’s agenda.
514
11.1.2. Power Development during Five Year Plan Periods
The process of power generation started in the State during 1908, when
a few private people ventured to generate electricity from the hill streams in
Nilgiris for their own use. But power development as a State venture
commenced only in 1927, after the formation of a separate department in the
State Government for generating and distributing electricity. Power
development in the State was at a slow pace till the country attained
independence. The successive Five Year Plans, however, witnessed accelerated
development. Table in Annexure-1 shows the growth in electricity generation
and consumption in the State under the various Five Year Plans.
Objectives and Strategies for the Tenth Plan
Since Tamil Nadu State had exhausted most of its viable Hydel Power
potential for power development at the beginning of the Sixth Plan itself, the
State was left with no option but to go in for large scale Thermal / Nuclear
Power in order to meet the demand for power during the subsequent Plan
Periods. The share from Central Sector Projects like Madras Atomic Power
Station (MAPS), Kaiga Atomic Power Station (KAPS) and Super Power Thermal
Station (SPTS) at Ramagundam have played a vital role in achieving
self-sufficiency besides Independent Power Producers (IPP’s) and
Non-conventional sources of Energy in the State. Based upon the past
experience, the objectives, approach and strategies for the Tenth Plan were
formulated.
While formulating the proposals for the Tenth Five Year Plan, emphasis
was laid on a ‘Reforms Oriented Plan’. Further, the Plan focused on measurable
outputs and employment generation, rather than on financial performance
alone. It aimed at promoting a sustainable energy system by ensuring
generation and supply at economical costs. Ensuring the financial viability of
the Electricity Board and providing reliable and high quality service to the
consumers were proposed as the key objectives of the Tenth Plan. To achieve
the objectives, the following approach and strategies were envisaged for Power
Development during the Tenth Plan:
� To take up and complete the schemes which have been taken up
during the Ninth Plan under State sector but could not be
commissioned.
515
� To create necessary policy and regulatory environment to commission
the power projects that were proposed in private sector but could not
be commissioned.
� To formulate a long range Plan (Master Plan) to bring down the line
losses.
� To take up and complete the Accelerated Power Development and
Reforms Programme (APDRP) scheme for improvement of sub-
transmission.
� To concentrate on Demand Side Management
� To focus on Energy Accounting/ Auditing
� To achieve 100% electrification of households both in urban and
rural areas.
� To increase the Plant Load Factor of Thermal and Hydel Stations by
undertaking necessary Renovation & Modernisation (R & M) and
Residual Life Assessment (RLA) programmes.
The share of different sources of power as a percentage of the total State
grid capacity is given below:
Table 11.1.1
516
Table 11.1.2
Review of Tenth Five Year Plan Performance
Targets and Achievements (Physical and Financial)
Generation projects totalling to 538.8 MW at an outlay of Rs.1212.18
crore comprising of seven Hydro Projects viz., Bhavani Kattalai Barrages I,
II, III (90 MW), Perunchani Mini (1.3 MW), Amaravathy (4 MW), Aliyar (2.5 MW)
and Pykara Ultimate State (150 MW) and three Gas Turbine Power Projects
viz., Valuthur (95 MW), Kuttalam (101 MW) and Valuthur additional (95 MW)
were programmed to be
commissioned during the
Tenth Plan period (2002-07).
All the programmed projects
have been commissioned to
the tune of 383.8MW at an
expenditure of Rs.761.85
crore except the Bhavani
Kattalai Barrages II, III and
Valuthur Additional which
have been taken to the
Eleventh Plan period.Thermal Power Plant
Chennai (Basin Bridge)
517
Under Renovation & Modernisation, works in the Thermal and Hydro
Stations have been programmed at an outlay of Rs.363.77 crore and the above
works were completed for Rs.223.43 crore. With a view to improve Transmission
& Distribution, 300 substations, 4000 Circuit Kms. of Extra High Tension
(EHT) lines, High Tension (HT) lines and Low Tension (LT) lines, Distribution
Transformers & Service connections were proposed at an outlay of Rs.5913.98
crore. Out of the above 243 substations, 3419 Circuit Kms. of EHT lines,
15172 kms. of HT lines, 66470 kms. of LT lines, 36755 Distribution
transformers and 26.67 lakh service connections were achieved during the
Tenth Plan period at an expenditure of Rs.4636.91 crore.
Under Rural Electrification, energising of 2,00,000 pumpsets, 2,00,000
Hut Services & provision of street lights were proposed at an outlay of Rs.490.07
crore against which 1,66,613 pumpsets, 1,09,274 huts and 81817 street lights
were energized at an expenditure of Rs.639.14 crore. Survey & Investigation
projects to the tune of Rs.20.00 crore have been programmed, of which an
amount of Rs.10.16 crore were spent.
Out of the total Tenth Plan outlay of Rs.8000 crore allotted to Power
Development during the Plan period, an expenditure of Rs.7405.75 crore has
been incurred.
The physical and financial performance during Tenth Plan are furnished
below.
518
Table 11.1.3
The details of power generation projects in public and private sector taken
up and commissioned during the Tenth Plan period are given in the following
table.
519
Table 11.1.4
A comparative status of the power network (i.e. physical achievements) in
the State at the beginning of the Tenth Plan and as on 31.3.2006 is given
below:
521
Other Achievements
1. APDRP Programme
In 2002-03, the Government of India have sanctioned 25 Sub-transmission
and Distribution Improvement schemes under the Accelerated Power
Development and Reforms Programme (APDRP) covering Chennai Metropolitan
area, 5 distribution circles and 19 Urban areas to the tune of Rs.929.21 crore.
The cumulative expenditure incurred for all the above schemes is Rs.797.33
crore.
An amount of Rs.19.60 crore has been sanctioned under the scheme
covering 17 District Headquarters towns during the last two years of the
Tenth Plan which is being taken up for implementation.
2. Plant Load Factor (PLF)
The Plant Load Factor (PLF) is an important measure of the operational
efficiency of thermal power Plants. The thermal power Plants continue to
perform well as seen from the table below.
Ennore Power Generation
522
Table 11.1. 6
Table 11.1. 7
11.1.3. Eleventh Five Year Plan
Objectives
The objectives of the Power Development sector during Eleventh Five
Year Plan are: 1) to augment the generating capacity of electricity to meet the
increase in demand due to industrial and other developmental activities, 2) to
expand correspondingly the Transmission and Distribution system, so as to
absorb the capacity addition, 3) to raise the revenue and financial position of
Tamil Nadu Electricity Board by increasing the Plant Load Factor of power
stations through the execution of necessary programmes, 4) to create necessary
policy and regulatory environment for encouraging the private sector to
commission new power projects, 5) to formulate a long range Plan to bring
523
down the line losses, pilferage and power theft and 6) to achieve 100%
electrification of households both in urban and rural areas.
The following targets are proposed to be achieved by implementing various
projects during the Eleventh Plan.
Table 11.1.8
A. Ongoing Schemes
1. Renovation and Modernisation of Power Generating Plants (Hydel/
Thermal)
By Renovation and Modernization of Power Generating Plants (Hydel/
Thermal) works, the life of the old units would be extended, Plant Load Factor
(PLF) improved, efficiency increased and unscheduled breakdowns and
maintenance costs reduced. In general, Renovation is considered when a
generating Plant (Hydel/Thermal) completes 25 years of service. After detailed
studies, it is proposed to take up these works in respect of Sholayar I & II,
Mettur Dam, Kundah I, II, III, IV & V, Moyar, Kodayar-I, Periyar Hydel Power
Stations and MTPS - Unit I & IV, TTPS, ETPS Unit- I Thermal Power Stations.
Renovation and Uprating works would be taken in Mettur Dam, Papanasam,
Periyar, Sholayar-I & II, Kodayar-II Power Stations for extracting additional
capacity from them.
An outlay of Rs.593.70 crore is proposed for Renovation & Modernisation
and Uprating Schemes during the Eleventh Plan.
524
2. Transmission and Distribution of Power Network
The expansion of the transmission network is the basic necessity to
withdraw power from all the proposed power projects both in the State and
Private Sector. The distribution network will be expanded adequately to deliver
the additional power produced to the load centres. It is also to be ensured
that sufficient reactive power compensation is provided and timely improvement
works are taken up. Metering of all substations is also being planned. The
measures being taken up to reduce Transmission and Distribution losses are:
1) reduction of HT:LT ratio by erecting more High Tension lines and
erecting new distribution transformers, 2) establishment of new substations,
3) strengthening of HT line conductors, 4) installation of HT shunt capacitors
at substation end, 5) installation of LT fixed capacitors at LT side of
Distribution Transformers, 6) erection of link lines, 7) re-routing of feeders
and 8) establishment of High Voltage Distribution System (HVDS).
Through energy audit, the losses in the distribution network due to
technical problems and power theft will be reduced by 1) providing energy
meters in all distribution transformers and calculate the energy received and
energy billed to arrive at the Transmission & Distribution losses, 2) providing
check meters in all specialized High Tension services like steel carbide and
some high consuming Low Tension Current Transformer services and load
survey graph of both the main meter and the check meters are compared to
arrest revenue leakage, 3) undertaking Energy Audit in all the High Tension
feeders to ascertain the technical and commercial losses, 4) checking of Green
meter card to assess any drop in consumption, nil consumption, defective
meter and disconnected services to prioritize the inspection to plug the leakage
in revenue.
During the Eleventh Plan period, it is programmed to establish 300 new
sub-stations and erect 4,000 Circuit Kms. of Electric High Tension Lines (EHT)
at the outlay of Rs.7000 crore under Transmission and Distribution of Power
Network scheme.
3. Rural Electrification
The electrification of villages, hamlets, Adi-dravidar colonies and also
connections to agricultural pumpsets in rural areas gets top priority in Tamil
Nadu. As per the revised definition, about 89.6% of the villages have been
525
electrified as on 31.03.2006. Necessary infrastructure for village electrification
is proposed to be created: a) by providing distribution transformer of adequate
capacity in villages and habitations, b) erection of 11 KV feeder to cater to
additional new Distribution Transformers and bifurcation of existing heavily
loaded 11 KV feeders, c) providing HVDS (High Voltage Distribution System)
involving smaller size Distribution Transformers with minimum Low Tension
lines to minimize technical as well as commercial loss, d) erection of Low
Tension Feeders and lines to cater to load demands of rural households and
e) provision of sub-station and lines of adequate capacity in blocks (cluster of
villages) where they are not existing.
The Government of India launched the Rajiv Gandhi Grameen
Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY) in 2005 with the objective to create Rural
Electricity Infrastructure by 2009, for electrification to all the rural households.
“In Principle” approval has been given for Detailed Project Reports under this
programme for 16 districts, at a total project cost of Rs.265.01 crore.
For the Rural Electrification Programmes, an outlay of Rs.500 crore is
proposed in the Eleventh Plan.
4. Electrification of huts in the rural areas
An outlay of Rs.15 crore is earmarked for the electrification of huts for
below poverty line categories in rural areas under Scheduled Castes
Sub-Plan.
5. Programme for Comprehensive Development in Krishnagiri District
An outlay of Rs.2.50 crore is proposed for the Programme for
Comprehensive Development in Krishnagiri District under Scheduled Castes
Sub Plan.
B. New Schemes
1. Generation of Power
During the Eleventh Plan period, the capacity addition of 30 MW from
ongoing Bhavani Kattalai Barrage –I & II and 95 MW from Valathur combine
cycle project is expected. The new 6 Hydro Projects at Bhavani Barrage-I & II
(20 MW), Kollimalai (20 MW), Kundah Pumped Storage (500 MW), Moyar
526
Ultimate Stage (25 MW), Periyar Vaigai Barrages 16 Nos. (50 MW) and new
thermal projects viz. NCTPS Extension (500 MW), MTPS Extension (500 MW),
ETPS Extension (500 MW) and TTPS Extension (2 x 500 MW) are proposed to
be taken up during this period.
During the Eleventh Plan Period, Tamil Nadu is expected to receive 3218
MW as an additional allocation of power supply from the Central Generating
Stations at Kaiga Stage II (91 MW), NTPC JV (716 MW), NLC JV (494 MW),
NPC- Kudankulam NPP-I Unit I, II (925 MW), Neyveli TS II Expansion (325
MW), PFBR Kalpakkam (167 MW), and Simadri - II (500 MW).
The expected contribution from private sector (Cuddalore Thermal Power
Project) towards capacity addition is 1320 MW during the XI Plan. Future
development in wind power is envisaged fully from private sector. About 2000
MW from wind energy, 100 MW from co-generation and 300 MW from biomass
is planned during the Plan.
Out of the funds for the Generation Schemes to the tune of Rs.12497.67
crore, an outlay of Rs.2550 crore will be met by the State Funds and the
balance of Rs.9947.67 crore will be mobilised through loans from Financial
Institutions and internal resources.
2. Survey, Investigation and Computerisation
In order to prepare the detailed reports after conducting Survey and
Investigation works in various locations for identifying new projects and sites,
to enhance the overall performance, execute Low Tension Billing
Computerization, Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) and computerization
of other works, an outlay of Rs.50 crore is proposed during the Eleventh Plan.
528
11.2. Renewable Energy Sources
More and more, renewable energies are contributingto the three pillars of sustainable development - theeconomy, the environment and social well-being.
- International Energy Agency 2002
11.2.1. Introduction
The efforts to harness renewable energy sources have gained significant
momentum in our country, in the context of world’s fear over the fast depletion
of finite deposits of fossil fuels, their ever increasing cost and the cumulative
environmental degradation caused by extensive use of such fuels. In order to
overcome the above problems, steps are being taken all over the world to
develop renewable energy technologies as well as various devices to harness
the renewable energy sources.
The important renewable energy sources are as follows:
� Wind energy
� Solar energy
� Biomass and other forms of bio energy
� Tidal energy
� Fuel cell
� Ocean - Thermal energy
� Geo-thermal etc
Among the above mentioned sources, the first three renewable energy
sources, namely, Wind, Solar & Bio energy are being harnessed in a big way
in India and in Tamil Nadu, while the other sources have not yet reached the
stage of commercial exploitation.
Realizing the importance and need for promotion of use of renewable
energy in the country, the Government of India have established a separate
department of Non-conventional energy sources which has later become a
529
separate Ministry. The Ministry has recently been renamed as Ministry of
New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
The Government of Tamil Nadu, in turn, set up Tamil Nadu Energy
Development Agency (TEDA) in February 1985, which was registered as a
Society under the Society Registration Act. TEDA acts as the nodal agency of
State Government and Government of India for the promotion of renewable
energy schemes in Tamil Nadu.
Tamil Nadu’s relative position in the country
Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) has been implementing
a number of schemes for utilising the alternative energy sources with the
assistance from the State and Central Governments. As a result of these efforts,
the total installed capacity of power from renewable energy sources (including
small hydro) is 3835 MW, (as on 31.3.2007) which is about 37% of total
installed capacity of 10255 MW in India. These sources also form 27% of the
total grid capacity of TNEB, whereas the all India average for renewable energy
is 7.5% only. Thus, Tamil Nadu continues to be the premier State in the
country not only in power generation from renewables but also a trendsetter
in the use of renewable energy sources, setting an example to the other States
in the country. The break up for installed capacity of the various sources in
the State are as follows:
Table 11.2. 1
530
Wind power development has been the most successful renewable energy
programme in Tamil Nadu due to conducive policies of the Government and
extensive wind resources available in the State. Assessment studies carried
out have resulted in the identification of some very good wind potential sites
such as Muppandal in Kanniyakumari district having a plant load factor in
the range of 30-32% against the normal range of 22 to 25%. Hence, Tamil
Nadu continues to maintain the topmost position with 50% of the total installed
capacity under this source in the country.
In Bagasse based cogeneration also, Tamil Nadu is leading the country
with an installed capacity of 337 MW from 16 Private Sugar Mills and 3
Co-operative Sugar Mills. The exportable surplus is 194 MW, which is 31.5%
of the total capacity in the country. Tamil Nadu has also made good progress
in the field of biomass power adding 60.5 MW during the last five years, totalling
now 72.5 MW. The State has further made a good beginning in waste to energy
projects with four new projects totalling 4.25 MW, producing power from poultry
litter, sago waste and vegetable waste (Koyambedu).
Promotional Role of TEDA
TEDA has been organizing seminars and exhibitions to propagate the
use of renewable energy and promote energy conservation among industries
and other institutions besides taking part in programmes organized by other
agencies. TEDA has conducted intensive publicity campaigns in all the districts
in the State, specifically for the benefit of representatives of local bodies,
industrialists, NGO’s etc. Consequently, many Panchayats were made aware
of the benefits of Solar Street Lights, Home Lights, Biomass Gasifiers and
Toilet Linked biogas plants. They have shown keen interest to install them
and reduce their recurrent energy charges. Further under Central funding,
the District Level Renewable Energy Advisory Committee under the District
Collector has been formed in all the 30 districts, to carryout promotional
activities at the District level.
TEDA also operates its promotional activities through mobile exhibitions,
as well as through formation of Renewable Energy Clubs which have been set
up in 112 Engineering Colleges, providing Rs.25,000/- per college.
531
11.2.2. Review of Tenth Plan Performance
Against the Tenth Plan outlay of Rs.29.65 crore, the expenditure by the
end of the Tenth Plan was Rs.20.84 crore, which forms 70% of the outlay. The
Tenth Plan outlay and the financial and the physical performance during the
Tenth Plan period are given below:
Table 11.2. 2
Physical achievements
The major achievement under the Tenth Five Year Plan was the
electrification of 114 remote un-electrified hamlets by providing 5190 Nos.
Solar Photovoltaic Home Lighting systems and 283 Solar Photovoltaic Street
lighting systems with the entire cost including maintenance for 5 years, shared
between Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) and the State
532
Government. This leaves only 80 such hamlets to be covered during the
coming plan period to achieve 100% electrification of all hamlets in the State.
The other achievements during the Tenth Plan are given in the following
table:
Table 11.2. 3
Issues faced by the Renewable energy sector
� Wind power constitutes the major part of power generation fromrenewable energy sources. However, it is totally dependent on natureand the power generation is subject to wide fluctuation, because ofwhich it is considered as ‘infirm’ power.
� Renewable energy devices are capital intensive and require start upcosts partly due to low volume. Hence, there is reluctance to usethem on a large scale which is required to get the benefit of costreduction expected from mass scale production.
� Since the unit price of consumer for renewable energy technologiessuch as solar cooker, solar geysers, solar lanterns and biogas plantsare high, it has not been possible to generate sufficient demand forthese items though people are aware of its advantages.
533
� In the case of electricity generation by conventional means, only thevisible input costs are taken into account. There are several othercosts such as costs of pollution, depletion of resources, costs ofdisplacement, damage to eco-system etc., which are not factored intothe total cost. But these are borne by the citizens without their beingaware of it. Hence, there is no incentive for the consumer to push forgreen renewable power.
� Technologies for harnessing several renewable energy sources havenot stabilized and more intensive research and development effortsare needed with special focus on research - industry partnership.
� Adequate numbers of professionally skilled manpower are not availablein the renewable energy sector for post sales maintenance.
� Private entrepreneurs are reluctant to invest in commercial projectsin the absence of a long term renewable energy policy with low costfunding.
� There are only a few providers of financing for renewable energyprojects viz., IREDA, some development finance institutions, a handfulof commercial banks and Non Banking Finance Companies ascompared to those for conventional energy power plants.
� Most of the financial institutions are also not aware of the specificproblems such as fluctuations in wind power generation due tonature’s vagaries and face problem on their lending to Renewable
energy projects.
11.2.3. Eleventh Five Year Plan
Vision
The Vision of the State during Eleventh Five Year Plan is to provide andpromote “clean and green energy” by harnessing potential renewable energysources such as bio-mass, wind, solar, hydro power, geo-thermal etc. to meetthe decentralized energy requirements and thereby reduce the dependenceon conventional energy especially fossil fuels and grid power.
Goal
The national goal of meeting 10% of grid capacity from renewable energysources by 2010 has already been surpassed by the State with achievement
534
of 22% in 2006 itself. The goal of the State is to maintain the share of gridconnected power of non-conventional energy at a reasonable level of 500 MWcapacity addition per year and to undertake energy plans for cluster of villagesto meet their total energy needs under the modified Integrated Rural EnergyProgramme covering all the rural districts of the State.
Objectives
Based on the Vision and Goal, the objectives of the State during theEleventh Five Year Plan are :
� To encourage local bodies both in rural and urban areas to resort torenewable energy sources including solid and industrial waste tomeet their energy requirements and reduce recurring energyexpenditure.
� To promote the generation of power from renewable energy sourcessuch as solar, wind and biomass as well as development of biofuelsin the private sector.
� To undertake electrification of remote and un-electrified habitationsdue to the difficulties in providing grid power, through renewableenergy sources.
Strategies
The strategies to be followed during the plan period to achieve the aboveobjectives are by:
� Undertaking a road map for the production of required materials forsolar cells and other renewable energy devices and marketdevelopment for Solar Photo Voltaic systems.
� Integrating biomass based power projects with energy plantationsunder National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme.
� Notifying renewable energy sector as a priority sector to increaselending by Banks.
� Levying green energy cess to fund renewable energy development.
� Encouraging public private partnership in renewable energy provisionto provide livelihood opportunities for villages in a sustainablemanner.
535
� Setting up of Special Economic Zone in the State to boostmanufacture of renewable energy technologies based systems /devices.
� Strengthening and empowering the state nodal agency (TEDA) todeal with all renewable energy projects including small Hydro PowerProjects, so as to ensure single window clearance and execution ofprojects in a transparent and time bound manner.
The physical targets for the Eleventh Plan are given in the Table below:
Table 11.2. 4
Ongoing Schemes
1. Integrated Rural Energy Programme (IREP)
It is proposed to implement the modified Integrated Rural Energy
Programme (IREP) in rural areas of all the districts in the State with Centre
and State sharing of 50:50 basis. The objective is to provide for the minimum
energy needs of rural people in selected clusters of villages with the most cost
effective mix of various renewable energy sources and options for meeting
536
their requirements of sustainable agriculture and rural development. This
programme will be implemented with a total outlay of Rs.30.50 crore, of which
the outlay earmarked for the state share is Rs.15.25 crore for the Plan Period.
2. Assistance to Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency
An outlay of Rs.8.00 crore is proposed in the Eleventh Five Year Plan for
ongoing schemes of TEDA being implemented for strengthening and developing
renewable energy technologies and utilizing alternative energy sources like
Solar, Wind and Bio-Energy.
3. Publicity
Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) has been conducting
awareness campaigns on renewable energy throughout the State through
exhibitions, seminars, workshops, business meets, training programmes,
production of short films and video cassettes on success stories on use of
renewable energy sources, advertisements in hoardings and posters at
important locations, demonstrations in model villages where renewable energy
gadgets are used etc. The outlay earmarked for the publicity is Rs.1 crore.
New Schemes
1. Village Energy Security Plan
Village Energy Security Plan is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme introduced
with the objective of meeting the total energy needs of unelectrified and remote
hamlets using locally available renewable energy sources. It is proposed to
implement this scheme in 125 hamlets in the state with a Central contribution
of 90% and a State share of 10% of the total cost. An outlay of Rs.2.50 crore is
earmarked as State share during the Plan Period.
2. Schemes for Energy Conservation
Schemes for conserving non-renewable energy such as installation of
solar water heating systems in government institutions, replacing conventional
street lights with compact fluorescent lamps in local bodies, installation of
Solar Powered Refrigerators in Primary Health Centres etc. will be implemented
during the Plan period with an outlay of Rs.1.82 crore. Solar Education Kits
will be supplied to Higher Secondary Schools with an outlay of Rs.0.90 crore.
537
Further, additional State Subsidy has been proposed to encourage the
public to use Renewable energy sources devices such as Wind Mill Water
Pumps, Solar Street Lights, Solar Home Lights, Solar Dish Cookers, Bio-mass
Gasifiers, Improved Crematorium with Gasifiers and Toilet Linked Biogas plants
etc. An outlay of Rs.2 crore has been proposed for such schemes which will
lead to conservation of conventional energy and reduction of environmental
pollution.
3. Assistance for Installation of Micro Water Turbines (5 KW)
It is proposed to install 25 Nos. Micro Water Turbines (5 KW capacity) at a
subsidy of Rs 2 lakh each for power generation from perennial streams in
remote villages. This scheme is meant for Village Panchayats with an outlay of
Rs.0.50 crore during the Eleventh Plan.
Table 11.2. 5