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8/2/2019 Book Presentation Personality
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PERSONALITIESAt Workplace
:Team Members
Ms Mahada Subin
Mr. Vikas Singla
Ms. Anima S Bara
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The word "personality" originates from theLatinpersona, which means mask.
Personality can be defined as a dynamic andorganized set of characteristics possessed by a
person that uniquely influences his or hercognitions, motivations, and behaviors invarious situations.
Definition
http://www.answers.com/topic/latinhttp://www.answers.com/topic/maskhttp://www.answers.com/topic/cognitionhttp://www.answers.com/topic/behaviorhttp://www.answers.com/topic/behaviorhttp://www.answers.com/topic/cognitionhttp://www.answers.com/topic/maskhttp://www.answers.com/topic/latin8/2/2019 Book Presentation Personality
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Personality traitsare relatively stable cognitive,
emotional, and behavioral characteristics ofpeople that help establish their individualidentities and distinguish them from others.
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Understanding our own personality better as
well as the personality of those in the workcan make a significant difference in
performance and advancement.
Purpose
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Trait Theory and the Big Five
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Hans Eysenck was the first psychologist whoattempt standardization of Traits. Hedeveloped a test called Eysenck PersonalityQuestionnaire [EPQ].He identifies three basis Traits :1) Extraversion-Intraversion
2) Neuroticism3) Psychoticism
Trait Theory
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R.B.Cattell (1965): 16 Personality FactorQuestionnaire (16PF)
McCrae & Costa, 2003: The Five FactorModel: the Big Five--identified 5 higherorder factors
OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness,Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
Trait Theory
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Extraversion
Agreeableness
ConscientiousnessNeuroticism
Openness to Experience
What are the big five?
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Relates to interpersonal behaviorExtent to which individuals prefer to be alone
or with others
Ability to experience positive emotions
Extraversion
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Extraversion
High Scorers
Sociable
ActiveTalkative
Person-oriented
OptimisticFun-loving
Low Scorers
Reserved
SoberUnexuberant
Aloof
Task-orientedQuiet
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Agreeableness
Attitude that is characterized by
subordinating ones will to that of someone
else. Relates to interpersonal behavior
Characteristic responses of other people to
an individual Liked by others, nice, warm, courteous
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Agreeableness
High Scorers
Soft-hearted
Good-naturedTrusting
Helpful
ForgivingStraightforward
Low Scorers
Cynical
RudeSuspicious
Uncooperative
Vengeful Irritable
Manipulative
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Conscientiousness
Relates to way in which individual performs
tasks
Careful, hardworking, neat, organized
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Conscientiousness
High Scorers
Organized
ReliableHard-working
Self-disciplined
Punctual
Persevering
Low Scorers
Aimless
UnreliableCareless
Negligent
Weak-willed
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Neuroticism
Relates to persons emotional life
Measures psychological adjustment and
emotional stabilityProne to experience negative emotions
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Neuroticism
High Scorers
Worrying
NervousEmotional
Insecure
Inadequate
Hypochondriacal
Low Scorers
Calm
RelaxedUnemotional
Hardy
Secure
Self-satisfied
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Openness to Experience
Assesses seeking and appreciation of
experience for its own sake
Toleration for and exploration of theunfamiliar
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Openness to Experience
High Scorers
Curious
CreativeOriginal
Imaginative
Untraditional
Broad interests
Low Scorers
Conventional
Narrow in interestsUnartistic
Unanalytical
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How are they measured?
Self-ratings of single-word adjectives
Examples
TalkativeWarm
Organized
MoodyImaginative
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How are they measured?
(continued)Self-ratings of sentence items
Examples
I dont find it easy to take charge of a situationMost people I know like me
I enjoy trying new and foreign foods
I have frequent mood swings
I keep my belongings neat and clean
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More on Big Five
These factors have been found to be quite robust
across cultures.
However not everyone agrees with five factor
model. Some people talk about more factors being
needed; others less (Eysenck -3 factors-
extraversion, introversion, psychoticism)
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Is the model comprehensive?
Some important individual differences are
not captured by the big five
BeliefsGoals
Values
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To Sum Up
Five-factor model describes some of the
most important individual differences
There are individual differences that are notcaptured by the big five
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Implication for your job
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Need for stability
If you are N- and your Boss is N+ You need totake their concerns more seriously to keep your
job and good relationship.
If you are N+ and have an N- boss you may findyourself receiving performance reviews that urgeyou to calm down or lighten up. The boss may tellyou that youre being far too serious or over-reacting to problems.
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Extraversion
If you are E- and your Boss is E+, be prepared toask for what you need with respect to meetingsand conferences. Let them know that you do betterwhen meetings are brief, when you have anagenda in advance. You need time to organizeyour thoughts.
If you are E+ and have an E- boss, be aware that itis unnatural for them to be productive in the same
way you are. You will likely get better input fromthem if you ask in advance giving them time tothink and get organized.
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Openness to Experience
If you are O- and your Boss is O+, build on yourvalue to them as a producer. They dont care aboutimplementing plans and taking care of the details.They would rather dream things and solveproblem
If you are O+ and have an O- boss remember thatthey may tire of your suggestions and prefer thatyou put more effort in to production. If you thrust
your ideas on them too frequently they will beginto see you as a dreamer.
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Agreeableness
If you are A- and your Boss is A+, be prepared tofind little resistance to your thoughts, because theywill probably tend to submit to your strongquestioning and opinion. Take time and effort todiscover what they truly think.
If you are A+ and have an A- boss you are indanger of seldom getting your interests met unlessyou share the same values. Put your thoughts and
needs in writing and use your notes to approachthem and stand up for your needs.
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Conscientiousness
If you are C- and your Boss is C+, do not resentto focus and discipline to keep you organized andon schedule, because they will probably match toyour spontaneity and willingness to shift. Taketime and effort to align your priorities which helpthem to reach their goal..
If you are C+ and have an C- boss you are indanger of being felt as a stranger in a strange land.
Offer your service to keep your boss and the officeorganized as a team player not as a member wholooks for number one position.
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CASE STUDY
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Case 1:The Customer Problem
N1(Rushes in to the office of his boss):we havegot the call from customer that they will take theiraccount to our competitor if we dont take on thisproduct complaint. We need to call a meeting
immediatelyN2:Its just their way to get quick action. Calm
down we will get back to them after lunch.
N1 --- Need for stability is high
N2 --- Low need for stability
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Case 2:On a brightly colored
scented markerO1:Its a 5-inch cylinder inch round base,
red,shiny hard plastic,sixteen smily faces withfruit shapes, white base,eight ridges inside thebase
O2:Its bright, smooth,a pretty color to look at, akind of pointy on the end.(tasting it to see if itsreally tastes like cherry)the cap look likes acrown...
O1 --- Openness to Experience is lowO2 --- Openness to Experience is High
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Case 3:Reviewing the memo
E1 was entering in to E2 s cubicle while E2 wastyping something in her computer
E1: can you please take a look at this memo forme?
E2:OK, leave it here and I will
E1:I hope you can just look it over and give meyour thoughts. I want to send it out within the nextfew minutes.
E2:I really prefer having sometime to read and
digest..E1 --- Extravert
E2 --- Introvert
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Case4: Unscheduled meeting
The team member was calling them for a meetingwhich was not scheduled .
See their response.
C1:I will grab my file and come right now.
C2: No, not right now, I am in the middle of areport and I have an opening on my schedule atnoon I will join you then.
C1 --- Conscientiousness is low
C2 --- Conscientiousness is High
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Case5: The marketing team at work
Conversation taking place during a marketingteam meeting about the problem of promotionalmaterial to their branch offices: :
A1:Since we are at HQs its our responsibility to
ship out the material to branches. Those poor folksin the branches have their hands full
A2: No, I think the branches need to customize thematerial with the local conditions.
A1 --- Agreeableness is HighA2 --- Agreeableness is low
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THANK YOU