Upload
others
View
4
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
!!!!!!! !
Brazil:!The!Pantanal!and!Amazon!
June!9!–!23,!2015!Guided!by!Andrew!Spencer!
all#photos#by#the#guide#
By!any!metric,!Brazil!is!a!huge!country.!!Huge!size,!huge!bird!list,!huge!habitat!variety,!hugely!fun,!this!country!doesn’t!do!things!in!half!measures!!!And!birding!in!Brazil!is!shaped!by!this!–!you!need!multiple!trips!to!cover!the!many!different!locations,!avifaunas,!and!
endemics!on!tap.!!The!Pantanal!and!Amazon!areas!of!Brazil!are!two!major!parts!of!that!puzzle,!and!trips!there!offer!both!the!huge!lists!typical!of!a!trip!to!the!country,!as!well!as!some!of!the!best!bird!and!wildlife!viewing!in!the!hemisphere.!!This!trip!was!a!custom!tour!mirroring!our!setCdeparture,!and!like!our!setCdeparture!offered!an!unmatched!mix!of!the!midCboggling!variety!of!the!Amazon!to!the!stunning!scenery!of!the!Chapada!to!the!
AfricaCesque!wildlife!spectacle!of!the!Pantanal.!!Combine!that!with!a!good!variety!of!mammals!that!included!two!beautiful!cat!species,!and!you!have!a!trip!unlike!any!other!in!South!America.!!The!Chapada!!Early!is!the!name!of!the!game!in!this!part!of!Brazil!–!with!midday!temperatures!renowned!for!their!heights,!it!pays!to!get!out!early.!!And!luckily,!early!mornings!are!gorgeous,!with!very!pleasant!conditions!and!lots!and!lots!of!birds!!!Our!first!day!was!no!exception!to!all!of!the!above.!!We!left!exceptionally!early,!with!the!goal!of!making!to!the!Chapada!right!after!dawn.!!Getting!through!Cuiaba!was!nice!and!painless,!and!we!found!ourselves!on!a!road!through!drier!Cerrado!habitat!right!on!queue.!!!!The!birds!proceeded!to!come!quickly!and!furiously.!!ShrikeClike!WhiteFbanded!Tanagers!fought!to!hold!our!attention!while!noisy!WhiteFrumped!Tanagers!and!gaudy!BurnishedFbuff!Tanagers!moved!around!nearby.!!A!charismatic!trio!of!WhiteFeared!Puffbirds!were!wonderfully!cooperative!along!the!road,!and!good!flowering!conditions!meant!decent!numbers!of!hummers!(including!lots!of!WhiteFvented!Violetears,!a!few!WhiteFtailed!Goldenthroats,!a!single!BlueFtufted!Starthroat!among!others).!!In!the!skulky!category,!we!managed!to!tease!out!a!pair!of!RustyFbacked!Antwrens,!a!single!RufousFwinged!Antshrike,!and!a!PaleFbreasted!Spinetail.!!
Moving!along!the!road,!we!soon!found!another!flock!that!gave!us!two!of!the!most!sought!after!Chapada!specialties!–!the!stunning!CoalFcrested!Finch,!and!the!anything!but!stunning!(but!very!local)!Chapada!Flycatcher.!!A!very!close!calling!SmallFbilled!Tinamou!played!hide!and!seek!with!us!until!I!positioned!everyone!at!a!likely!looking!spot,!and!walked!around!the!songster!to!chase!it!towards!them.!!I’m!not!sure!anyone!was!really!expecting!this!to!work!(me!included!),!but!I’m!quite!happy!to!say!that!it!gave!everyone!a!slamCdunk!view!of!this!rarely!seen!species.!!After!an!early!lunch,!we!headed!out!again,!this!time!to!an!overview!known!for!having!a!few!rare!species.!!Unfortunately!it!had!heated!up!by!now,!and!our!morning’s!luck!didn’t!hold.!!Undaunted,!we!continued!on!to!another!road!nearby,!and!here!lady!luck!found!us!again.!!At!our!parking!spot!we!encountered!some!excellent!activity,!which!included!a!very!rare!RufousFtailed!Attila!among!more!common!specialties!such!as!Crested!Becard!and!PaleFheaded!Woodpecker.!!Moving!down!the!road,!we!enjoyed!relatively!good!activity,!including!views!of!the!superCshy!Southern!Antpipit,!the!superCcolorful!BandFtailed!Manakin,!and!the!just!plain!super!FieryFcapped!Manakin.!!A!nice!pair!of!LargeFbilled!Antwrens!and!a!SepiaFcapped!Flycatcher!founded!out!the!haul.!!The!last!birding!location!of!the!day!was!at!yet!another!road,!this!time!through!taller!gallery!forest.!!The!overall!activity!level!wasn’t!high,!but!we!managed!a!smattering!of!new!species,!including!White!Woodpecker,!a!couple!of!SootyFfronted!Spinetails,!and!some!Flavescent!Warblers.!!The!next!morning!we!didn’t!have!a!whole!lot!of!time!to!bird!before!our!flight!to!Alta!Floresta,!but!we!did!manage!to!return!to!the!same!road!from!the!evening!before.!!Arriving!right!after!dawn!we!found!much!better!activity,!and!soon!wracked!up!Moustached!Wren,!a!handsome!GreenFbarred!Woodpecker,!rare!BlueFwinged!Parrotlet,!and!some!exceptionally!nice!views!of!Pectoral!Sparrow,!among!others.!!
Cristalino!!At!the!southern!edge!of!the!Amazon,!Cristalino!Jungle!Lodge!is!among!the!premier!birding!locations!on!the!continent!of!South!America.!!To!take!advantage!of!its!lofty!position!we!had!scheduled!four!full!days!in!this!birding!Mecca.!!The!birding!on!our!first!day!there!was!mostly!limited!to!the!ride!in!along!the!river,!which!(as!with!any!ride!along!the!river!here)!was!wonderfully!birdy.!!The!best!sighting!was!a!cooperative!Sungrebe,!but!we!also!enjoyed!some!RedFthroated!PipingFGuans,!the!corroded!bronzeCcolored!Green!Ibis,!oodles!of!more!common!species!such!as!Ringed!and!Amazon!Kingfishers,!WhiteFbanded!Swallow,!and!even!a!couple!of!Sunbitterns.!!Our!first!morning!at!the!lodge!was!spent!at!tower!2,!one!of!the!two!towers!Cristalino!has!on!tap.!!Gretting!the!dawn!on!an!Amazonian!canopy!tower!is!truly!a!sublime!experience,!and!this!day!was!no!exception.!!Before!we!had!even!climbed!up!we!scored!some!excellent!views!of!a!male!Pavonine!Quetzal!right!by!the!tower!base.!!Up!on!top,!we!were!soon!immersed!in!activity,!including!everything!from!three!macaw!species,!the!dapper!Gould’s!Toucanet,!gaudy!CurlFcrested!Aracari,!painfully!blue!Spangled!Cotinga,!and!wineCcolored!Pompadour!Cotinga,!and!a!host!of!glittering!tanagers!that!included!Paradise!and!OpalFrumped.!!As!it!heated!up!above!the!canopy,!we!decided!to!return!to!the!cooler!forest!floor,!where!a!whole!new!
suite!of!birds!awaited.!!It!didn’t!take!long!to!run!into!some!truly!excellent!flocks!with!some!very!rare!species!(as!well!as!a!whole!host!of!more!common!ones!)!!The!rarer!ones!included!such!goodies!as!Cinnamon!Neopipo,!Whiskered!Flycatcher,!and!SpotFthroated!Woodcreeper,!while!the!more!common!had!such!exotic!birds!as!WhiteFwinged!ShrikeFTanager,!LongFwinged!Antwren,!Saturnine!Antshrike,!and!ChestnutFwinged!Hookbill,!among!many!others.!!A!singing!WhiteFcrested!Spadebill,!while!not!part!of!the!flock!itself,!still!occupied!some!of!our!time!as!we!sought!it!out!and!then!enjoyed!some!stellar!views.!!For!the!afternoon!we!switched!gears,!and!headed!back!down!the!Cristalino!to!the!larger!Teles!Pires!River.!!Here!our!goal!was!three!different!river!islands,!of!differing!successional!stages.!!The!first,!a!young!island!with!very!short!vegetation,!soon!gave!up!its!target!
Amazonian!Tyrannulet!and!LadderFtailed!Nightjar,!while!some!BlackFcollared!Swallows!played!around!the!rapids!nearby.!!!!The!next!island,!a!much!larger!place!with!an!old!ranch!house!and!some!taller!forests,!had!a!different!group!of!birds!that!included!Glossy!and!ChestnutFbacked!Antshrikes,!Spotted!TodyFFlycatcher,!Drab!
WaterFTyrant!(next!page),!and!RedFcapped!Cardinal.!!Our!final!location!of!the!day!was!a!much!older!island!just!upstream,!where!tall!forests!are!the!haunt!of!one!of!those!iconic!birds!of!the!Amazon,!Amazonian!Umbrellabird.!!Evening!is!the!best!time!to!see!this!charismatic!species,!and!we!arrived!right!on!queue.!!It!didn’t!take!long!until!we!had!some!nice!views,!and!called!the!day!a!success.!!Our!next!morning’s!outing!brought!us!well!upstream,!to!a!trail!through!beautiful!Terra(Firme!forest!with!some!nice!bamboo!stands.!!Birding!here!consists!of!a!mix!of!looking!for!flocks!and!listening!for!vocalizing!species!to!seek!out.!!The!flock!part!of!the!morning!was!a!clear!winner,!and!we!found!several!good!mixedCspecies!flocks.!!The!first!of!these!had!such!goodies!as!CurveFbilled!(Tapajos)!Scythebill,!WhiteFeyed!Antwren,!the!indicator!species!Cinereous!Antshrike,!and!a!number!of!others.!!Another!flock!was!especially!good!for!furnariids,!and!had!Amazonian!Barred!Woodcreeper,!Layard’s!Woodcreeper,!and!
RufousFtailed!FoliageFgleaner.!!And!finally,!a!canopy!flock!or!two!gave!us!neckCbreaking!species!like!Pygmy!Antwren!and!Fasciated!Antshrike.!
!Among!the!seekCthemCout!singing!species!in!the!understory!we!also!managed!a!nice!haul,!starting!with!the!often!hard!Cinereous!Mourner.!!Other!specialties!included!the!bambooCloving!DuskyFcheeked!FoliageFgleaner,!local!Manu!Antbird,!not!so!local!Striated!Antbird,!recently!split!Xingu!ScaleFbcaked!Antbird,!and!LargeFheaded!Flatbill.!!Manakins!
were!quite!vocal!throughout!the!walk,!but!unfortunately!BlueCbacked!Manakin!remained!a!heardConly.!!We!had!better!luck!with!SnowFcapped!Manakin,!which!was!good!considering!how!much!harder!that!species!is!to!find!away!from!Cristalino.!!We!rounded!out!our!time!in!the!forest!with!the!stunning!RoseFbreasted!Chat,!weird!SlateFcolored!Grosbeak,!and!a!nice!YellowFthroated!Woodpecker.!!Before!heading!back!to!the!lodge!for!lunch!we!made!one!last!stop!in!some!viney,!riverside!forest!were!we!soon!found!the!target!FlameFcrowned!Manakin,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Bronzy!Jacamars.!!For!the!afternoon!we!went!slightly!downstream,!and!birded!a!trail!through!Varzea!(seasonally!flooded)!forest.!!Being!the!afternoon,!the!activity!was!a!bit!lower,!but!quality!was!high!!!A!calling!RufousFtailed!Flatbill!played!hard!to!get,!with!brief!views!only,!but!a!nice!canopy!flock!was!a!bit!better,!and!even!produced!the!rare!Guianan!(Para)!Gnatcatcher.!!A!vocalizing!Amazonian!Antshrike!came!in!beautifully,!as!did!a!pair!of!the!beautifully!patterned!Amazonian!StreakedFAntwrens.!Beautifully!patterned!is!something!no!one!would!ever!accuse!a!Zimmer’s!TodyFTyrant!of!being,!but!we!also!managed!some!good!looks!at!this!often!difficult!species!as!well.!!With!the!evening!fast!approaching,!it!was!time!to!start!heading!back.!!The!bird!activity!continued!as!we!worked!our!way!out,!and!we!scored!a!lastCminute!WhiteFcrowned!Manakin!and!a!couple!of!BlueFcheeked!Jacamars!before!we!had!to!tear!ourselves!away.!!
Perhaps!the!most!unique!habitat!at!Cristalino!is!the!fairly!short,!dry!woodland!on!top!of!some!of!the!hills!just!off!the!river.!!One!of!these!was!our!location!for!the!next!morning,!and!our!typical!early!breakfast!and!departure!had!us!walking!through!the!forest!before!it!was!even!too!light!to!see!the!birds.!!Breaking!out!into!the!more!open!forest!right!as!the!light!got!good,!we!soon!scored!the!diminutive!ShortFtailed!PygmyFTyrant.!!Reasonable!flower!volume!had!quite!a!few!hummingbirds,!including!quite!a!few!BlackFthroated!Mangos!but!not!the!hoped!for!awlbill.!!Arriving!at!a!view!point,!we!spent!some!time!at!a!natural!canopy!tower,!waiting!for!birds!to!come!to!us.!!And!come!to!us!they!did!!!Small!groups!of!tanagers!moved!through!at!varying!times,!and!included!Turquoise,!BlueFnecked,!and!BayFheaded!Tanagers.!!The!viewpoint!also!proved!good!for!flycatchers,!and!we!found!a!Rufous!Casiornis,!several!LongFtailed!Tyrants,!and!a!couple!of!YellowFbreasted!“OchreFlored”!Flycatchers.!!A!wonderful!variety!of!puffbirds!also!put!in!an!appearance,!and!included!Striolated,!WhiteFnecked,!and!Pied!Puffbirds,!and!WhiteFfronted!Nunbird.!!Leaving!the!viewpoint!we!traversed!the!open!hilltop,!picking!up!a!smattering!of!new!species.!!Included!among!these!was!a!pair!of!Sibilant!Sirystes,!the!skulking!Southern!WhiteFfringed!Antwren,!a!beautiful!Paradise!Jacamar,!and!the!local!Natterer’s!SlatyFAntshrike,!before!we!circled!around!and!descended!again!into!the!taller!forest.!!Back!in!the!humid!woodland!we!checked!out!a!stakeout!of!mine!for!WhiteFbrowed!and!
Blackish!Antbirds,!both!of!which!eventually!responded.!!Switching!back!to!flock!birding!mode,!we!teased!out!a!few!species!we!still!needed,!including!BroadFbilled!Motmot,!ChestnutFcrowned!Becard,!Ornate!Antwren,!and!Helmeted!PygmyFTyrant!before!calling!it!a!morning.!!Immediately!after!lunch!we!headed!
out!again!(unusual!for!birding!Cristalino,!when!that!time!is!best!spent!resting),!on!a!tip!of!a!day!roosting!LongFtailed!Potoo!(see!the!cover!photo).!!And!man!did!it!pay!off!!!Not!only!was!it!roosting!in!full!view,!it!was!roosting!uncharacteristically!low,!and!gave!us!some!of!the!best!views!of!the!species!I’ve!ever!had.!
For!the!afternoon!we!decided!to!walk!a!trail!that!started!at!the!lodge!grounds,!and!traversed!an!area!of!good!Terra(Firme!forest.!!Typically!for!an!afternoon,!the!activity!wasn’t!high!and!we!adopted!a!more!targeted!approach.!!This!paid!off!with!one!of!the!most!cooperative!WhiteFchinned!Woodcreepers!I’ve!ever!had!the!pleasure!of!encountering,!as!well!as!a!less!cooperative!GreenFbacked!Trogon!that!finally!gave!everyone!a!look.!!A!small!antswarm!didn’t!have!a!whole!lot!of!birds!at!it,!but!did!have!a!cooperative!Amazonian!Barred!Woodcreeper,!a!far!less!cooperative!RedFbilled!(Uniform)!Woodcreeper,!and!a!couple!of!coy!BlackFspotted!BareFeyes.!
For!our!last!full!day!at!Cristalino!we!decided!to!head!to!another!of!the!Serra!hilltops,!known!as!“Serra!Nova”.!!The!walk!to!the!top!passes!through!some!excellent!forest,!and!we!spent!the!first!part!of!the!morning!on!some!flock!searching.!!With!not!too!much!left!to!look!for!it!was!down!to!finding!some!of!the!harder!specialties!and!a!few!things!we!had!missed.!!This!paid!off!in!the!form!of!RedFnecked!Woodpecker,!RufousFtailed!FoliageFgleaner!for!those!who!had!missed!it!previously,!and!Sclater’s!Antwren.!!!
Once!on!the!hilltop!we!switched!modes,!and!started!scanning!treetops!and!forest!edges.!!A!flowering!bush!produced!some!quick!but!diagnostic!views!of!FieryFtailed!Awlbill!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Versicolored!Emeralds,!while!some!shy!Blackish!Nightjars!(see!previous!page)!along!the!edge!eventually!allowed!some!beautiful!looks.!!Further!along,!we!finally!had!some!good!luck!with!another!of!Cristalino’s!specialties,!BrownFbanded!Puffbird,!when!a!pair!responded!beautifully!and!allowed!us!prolonged!views.!
Back!down!on!the!forest!floor!the!walk!back!was!fairly!uneventful,!but!some!persistent!calling!just!off!the!trail!alerted!us!to!the!presence!of!a!WhiteFbeared!Hermit!lek,!a!new!species!for!the!trip.!!One!last!flock!had!a!couple!of!SpotFwinged!Antshrikes!and!WhiteFeyed!Antwrens,!but!not!much!new.!
Our!afternoon’s!outing!brought!us!back!to!some!of!the!same!trails!as!the!day!before,!hoping!to!refind!the!antswarm!and!maybe!some!of!the!specialties!associated!with!it.!!Unfortunately,!while!we!found!ants,!it!was!only!a!small!column!and!the!hoped!for!birds!weren’t!there.!!However,!our!luck!changed!as!we!were!
circling!back!to!the!lodge!and!Frank!managed!the!most!amazing!spot!of!the!trip!when!he!found!another!LongFtailed!Potoo!perched!high!in!a!tall!tree!!!Seeing!one!of!this!rare!bird!on!a!trip!is!a!highlight,!seeing!two!is!practically!unprecedented!!
With!a!little!bit!of!daylight!left!we!ascended!to!the!middle!level!of!Tower!1,!where!a!fruiting!tree!close!to!the!tower!was!a!bit!of!a!draw!to!fruitCeating!species.!!There!wasn’t!a!whole!lot!of!activity!late!in!the!day,!but!what!activity!there!was!came!in!practically!close!enough!to!touch!!!The!highlight!was!clearly!a!small!flock!of!WhiteFbellied!Parrots!(see!previous!page)!that!spent!a!prolonged!period!feeding!away.!!Other!birds!present!included!Green!Honeycreeper,!BlackFfaced!Dacnis,!and!Guianan!Tyrannulet.!
With!a!midCmorning!departure!from!Cristalino!we!had!enough!time!to!return!to!Tower!1!for!a!few!hours!before!heading!out.!!Quickly!climbing!to!the!top,!we!spent!the!first!bit!of!time!scanning!the!distant!(and!not!so!distant)!trees.!!Our!reward!for!this!included!a!handsome!Ringed!Woodpecker,!a!distant!SlatyFcapped!ShrikeFVireo,!a!few!BareFnecked!Fruitcrows!and!Kawall’s!Amazons,!as!well!as!some!flyover!Amazonian!Swifts.!
Descending!back!to!the!middle!level,!where!the!same!fruiting!tree!awaited!us,!we!again!found!the!WhiteFbellied!Parrots,!as!well!as!OpalFcrowned!Tanager,!BlackFfaced!and!Blue!Dacnises,!Purple!Honeycreeper,!Guianan!Tyrannulet,!and!Grayish!Mourner.!
The!time!had!finally!come,!and!we!had!to!leave!Cristalino.!!Our!respectable!haul!there!was!supplemented!by!one!last!stop!along!the!road!out,!where!a!small!palm!swamp!produced!a!cooperative!pair!of!PointFtailed!Palmcreepers!and!many!Neotropical!PalmFSwifts!zooming!overhead.!!Our!flight!back!to!Cuiaba!was!quick!and!easy,!and!our!intrepid!drive!Joceli!was!awaiting!right!on!time,!and!it!was!off!to!the!Pantanal.!
The!Pantanal!
There!are!few!places!in!the!New!World!that!offer!the!overwhelming!wildlife!spectacled!that!the!Pantanal!gives!you.!!This!is!especially!true!right!at!dawn,!and!the!first!morning!walking!in!the!Pantanal!is!a!magical!experience!not!soon!forgotten.!
And!our!first!morning!here!was!no!exception.!!We!started!our!Pantanal!sojourn!at!the!very!northern!of!the!Transpantaneira,!at!Pousada!Piuval.!!Starting!out!on!foot!right!as!it!was!getting!light,!we!were!soon!assaulted!by!birdlife!everywhere!!!Coming!fast!and!furious!were!Whistling!Heron,!flyby!flocks!of!the!ginourmous!and!amazing!Hyacinth!Macaw,!a!few!smaller!YellowFcollared!Macaws,!herds!of!ostrichClike!Greater!Rheas,!oodles!of!ibis!including!Plumbeous,!BuffFnecked,!BareFfaced,!and!Green,!ridiculous!numbers!of!Snail!Kites!in!addition!to!the!lowerCdensity!BlackFcollared!and!Savanna!Hawks,!and!lots!more.!
And!that!was!just!in!the!more!open,!wetland!area!outside!the!forest!!!As!we!started!into!the!tall!gallery!woodland!we!found!an!entirely!new!cornucopia.!!Small!flocks!included!the!bizarre!RedFbilled!Scythebill,!many!YellowFolive!Flycatchers,!a!smattering!of!LargeFbilled!Antwrens,!and!AshyFheaded!Greenlet.!!Away!from!flocks,!we!found!numerous!WhiteFlored!Spinetails,!a!few!Mato!Grosso!Antbirds,!RustyFfaced!TodyFFlycatcher,!and!best!of!all,!a!pair!of!BlackF
bellied!Antwrens.!
Finally!arriving!at!the!edge!of!a!large!lake,!we!checked!out!the!marshy!edge!and!scored!our!first!BlackFcapped!Donacobius,!some!Greater!Thornbirds!by!their!impressive!stick!nests,!and!at!the!woodland!edge!nearby,!a!couple!of!WhiteFwedged!Piculets.!
The!final!habitat!we!checked!that!morning!was!the!open!pastures,!and!even!though!they!looked!to!be!the!most!disturbed!and!least!productive!of!all!the!areas!around!Piuval,!they!still!gave!us!some!new!birds.!!Perhaps!the!most!popular!of!these!was!a!couple!of!RedFlegged!Seriemas,!a!really!cool!bird!most!closely!related!to!extinct!terror!birds.!!Numerous!Greater!Rheas!shared!the!fields!with!smaller!numbers!of!ChestnutFbellied!Guans!and!BareFfaced!Curassows,!and!the!margins!of!the!fields!had!a!few!things!like!NarrowFbilled!Woodcreeper.!
Following!our!typical!pattern,!we!enjoyed!a!bit!of!an!afterClunch!break!before!heading!out!with!a!smaller!list!of!target!species!to!look!for!in!the!afternoon.!!The!first!stop!was!back!
along!the!main!road,!where!a!small!papyrus!swamp!had!a!few!ScarletFheaded!Blackbirds,!always!a!popular!species,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!RustyFcollared!Seedeaters.!
Back!along!the!entrance!road,!we!soon!found!a!couple!of!Grassland!Sparrows,!a!single!WedgeFtailed!Grassfinch,!and!some!WhiteFrumped!Monjitas.!!As!the!evening!wore!on,!hordes!of!parrots!began!flying!over!towards!their!roosts.!!Most!of!these!were!TurquioseFfronted!Amazons,!along!with!PeachFfronted!Parakeet,!YellowFchevroned!Parakeet,!respectable!numbers!of!Hyacinth!Macaw,!and!a!few!Monk!Parakeets.!!!
We!had!done!so!well!the!day!before!that!we!didn’t!have!very!many!target!birds!for!our!second!morning!at!Piuval.!!We!set!out!to!find!what!new!we!could,!and!soon!found!our!first!Crane!Hawk.!!A!search!for!the!formerly!reliable!WhiteCfronted!Woodpeckers!turned!up!empty,!but!we!struck!gold!in!the!form!of!a!TawnyFbellied!Seedeater!near!the!lake!edge.!!A!couple!of!GrayFcrested!Cacholotes!gave!us!better!views!than!the!day!before,!and!we!had!many!other!good!views!of!species!we!had!seen!the!previous!day.!!Our!last!bit!of!birding!at!Piuval!was!around!the!cabins,!where!we!enjoyed!good!looks!at!many!of!the!common!Pantanal!species,!as!well!as!an!amazing!number!of!Nacunda!Nighthawks!out!over!the!wet!pastures.!
After!our!lunch!we!packed!up!and!began!the!drive!south!to!the!next!port!of!call.!!Along!the!way!we!stopped!wherever!the!birding!looked!good,!and!in!this!way!enjoyed!the!sight!of!a!truly!startling!number!of!Limpkin!(several!hundred),!our!only!Pearl!Kite!of!the!tour,!a!couple!of!BlackFbacked!WaterFTyrant!and!others.!
Arriving!at!the!Pixaim!River!in!the!midCafternoon,!we!checked!in!and!got!ready!for!a!late!afternoon!boat!ride!on!the!river.!!The!most!hoped!for!species!here!was!Agami!Heron,!though!due!to!high!water!we!struck!out!on!this.!!Even!so,!the!birding!was!productive,!and!we!scored!RustyFbacked!Spinetail,!only!WhiteFtailed!Hawk!of!the!trip,!the!first!BlueFthroated!PipingFGuans!we!were!to!see,!and!a!couple!of!OrangeFbacked!Troupials.!
Early!the!next!morning!we!returned!to!the!river!for!a!couple!of!hours,!hoping!again!for!an!Agami.!!Unfortunately!we!again!struck!out,!but!did!see!a!few!BandFtailed!Nighthawks!right!at!first!light,!as!well!as!a!large!BareFfaced!Ibis!roost.!!As!it!got!lighter!the!more!normal!daytime!species!started!to!wake!up,!and!included!another!Sungrebe!among!the!more!expected!species.!
Returning!to!the!hotel!and!a!quick!breakfast,!we!then!set!out!into!the!adjacent!gallery!forest,!with!a!small!list!of!targets!to!search!for.!!We!quickly!found!PaleFlegged!Hornero!and!Helemeted!Manakin,!along!with!the!regular!flock!species!like!AshyFheaded!Greenlet,!RustyFbacked!Spinetail,!Olivaceous!Woodcreeper,!and!Flavescent!Warbler.!!Circling!around!on!another!trail,!we!exited!onto!a!side!road!through!more!open!habitat.!!Here!we!
lucked!into!a!young!male!WhiteFnaped!Xenopsaris,!a!difficult!species!that!we!were!quite!happy!to!find!!!As!we!made!our!way!back!to!the!hotel!for!lunch!we!walked!along!an!old!runway,!and!lucked!into!our!second!rare!species!of!the!day,!a!very!unexpected!WhiteFbellied!Tyrannulet,!the!first!I’ve!seen!in!the!Pantanal.!
For!the!afternoon!we!returned!to!the!side!road!we!had!birded!earlier.!!The!heat!made!the!activity!low!to!start,!
but!it!soon!picked!up.!!We!picked!up!some!of!the!species!we!still!needed,!including!BuffFbellied!Hermit,!and!exceptionally!skulky!CinereousFbreasted!Spinetail,!and!a!BranFcolored!Flycatcher!that!remained!unfortunately!heard!only!for!most.!!Nearby!a!AshFthroated!Crake!was!even!less!obliging,!and!while!we!all!got!to!hear!its!distinctive!song!quite!well,!nary!a!glimpse!was!had.!
The!day!was!beginning!to!draw!to!a!close,!so!we!began!the!trek!back.!!One!of!the!day’s!highlights!came!right!at!the!end,!when!a!group!of!Southern!Caracaras!(actually!a!very!common!species!here;!see!photo!on!the!next!page)!started!dustCbathing!in!the!road.!!Watching!their!antics!as!they!tried!to!reach!every!feather!was!a!unique!and!amusing!experience!to!say!the!least!!
Since!the!side!road!had!been!productive!the!day!before,!our!final!morning!in!the!Pixaim!River!was!spent!there!as!well.!!The!birds!were!mostly!the!same!as!the!day!before,!though!beautiful!views!of!American!PygmyFKingfisher!were!much!appreciated,!and!a!few!gripped!back!on!BuffFbellied!Hermit.!!Then!Frank!pulled!out!another!amazing!spot!when!he!calmly!announced!that!there!was!an!Ocelot!walking!down!the!road!!!!And!then!even!better,!it!continued!to!walk!towards!us!for!well!over!a!minute,!an!exceptionally!long!view!of!this!usually!shy!feline.!
Wrapping!up!at!Pixaim,!we!began!our!final!drive!south!towards!the!end!of!the!road.!!A!bit!of!birding!here!and!there!saw!a!small!trickle!of!species!we!still!needed,!with!Maguari!Stork!and!a!pair!of!Great!Horned!Owls!standing!out.!!More!ScarletFheaded!Blackbirds,!a!couple!of!BlackFbacked!WaterFTyrants,!and!a!Chotoy!Spinetail!rounded!
out!the!morning.!
We!arrived!at!Porto!Jofre!just!in!time!for!lunch!and!a!short!break!before!venturing!onto!the!extensive!river!system!in!search!of!the!ultimate!mammalian!highlight!of!the!Pantanal.!!Time!spent!around!Porto!Jofre!is!different!than!most!birding!we!do!on!our!tours!in!that!we!spend!most!of!our!time!on!boats!zooming!up!and!down!the!river,!and!stopping!whenever!something!interesting!appeared.!
BirdCwise,!that!something!interesting!came!in!the!form!of!
various!waterbirds!we!hadn’t!yet!seen!(or!had!good!looks!at),!including!LargeFbilled!and!YellowFbilled!Terns,!a!couple!of!Collared!Plovers,!and!some!of!the!stunningly!patterned!
Pied!Lapwing.!!But!the!real!fun!came!after!a!crackly!call!on!the!radio,!a!highCspeed!chase!over!the!water,!and!then!a!lump!of!orange!and!black!spots!on!the!bank.!!I!am,!of!course,!talking!about!Jaguars!!!The!Porto!Jofre!area!is!the!best!place!on!earth!to!see!this!huge!and!gorgeous!cat,!and!at!the!right!time!of!year!sightings!of!them!are!nearly!guaranteed.!!Still,!it!was!a!relief!to!find!one!early!on,!and!gave!us!a!degree!of!freedom!on!our!subsequent!plans.!
More!searching!of!the!rivers,!hoping!for!more!jaguars,!turned!up!empty.!!We!did!see!quite!a!few!more!Southern!Screamers,!more!caimans!than!you!could!shake!a!stick!at,!and!a!couple!of!Giant!Otters,!before!the!light!started!to!fade!and!we!returned!to!the!hotel.!!The!last!spectacle!of!the!day!was!just!shy!of!the!dock,!where!more!Snail!Kites!than!I’ve!ever!seen!before!streamed!overhead!on!their!way!to!a!roost!somewhere.!!By!the!time!I!was!done!counting!we!had!seen!nearly!1000!Snail!Kits,!a!truly!spectacular!sight.!
Hoping!for!more!views!of!the!spotted!kitties,!we!headed!out!onto!the!river!again!the!next!morning.!!Zooming!up!and!down!the!rivers,!we!enjoyed!more!views!of!many!of!the!same!birds,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Giant!Otters.!!Then!we!got!the!call!and!we!were!off!again!!!Arriving!at!the!spot,!there!was!no!cat!visible.!!Since!this!is!not!uncommon,!we!sat!and!waited!a!bit,!and!then!all!of!a!sudden!there!it!was!!!We!were!fairly!close!to!sure,!and!the!Jaguar!was!walking!right!towards!us,!for!one!of!the!best!views!I’ve!had!of!the!species!!!!
With!everyone!satisfied!with!our!Jaguar!experiences,!we!returned!to!terra!firme!and!spent!the!rest!of!our!time!birding!from!land.!!We!had!done!so!well!previously!that!we!had!a!bare!handful!of!species!to!still!look!for.!!That!didn’t!stop!us!from!enjoying!more!and!better!views!of!some!species!we!had!already!seen,!though,!and!even!found!a!new!species!in!the!form!of!FawnFbreasted!Wren.!!Other!species!found!include!BuffFbreasted!Hermit,!a!nice!flock!that!had!goodies!such!as!Hooded!Tanager,!ChestnutFvented!Conebill,!AshFheaded!TodyFTyrant,!and!a!GoldenFgreen!Woodpecker,!among!many!others.!
The!area!around!the!hotel!also!proved!to!be!quite!birdy.!!Perhaps!most!popular!were!the!many!Hyacinth!Macaws,!which!are!especially!tame!here!and!offer!probably!the!best!views!
possible!of!this!species,!anywhere.!!A!couple!of!fairly!tame!Jabirus!and!Southern!Screamers!were!also!fun!to!look!at,!and!a!nesting!Cattle!Tyrant!right!along!the!small!boardwalk!behind!the!hotel!was!fun!to!see.!
For!our!last!morning!of!birding!on!the!tour,!we!again!decided!to!keep!our!feet!dry!and!not!head!back!out!onto!the!boat.!!So!we!walked!a!side!road!through!decent!secondary!forest,!and!spent!some!times!scouring!the!forest!for!the!last!few!possible!new!species.!!These!didn’t!cooperate,!but!we!did!enjoy!some!more!good!views!of!things!like!ChestnutFvented!Conebill!and!FawnFbreasted!Wren!among!other!flock!species.!!Frank!yet!again!pulled!out!an!amazing!spot!when!he!found!a!DarkFbilled!Cuckoo,!and!made!the!morning!a!success!in!terms!of!adding!to!the!list!!
With!a!long!drive!back!to!Cuiaba,!we!headed!out!immediately!after!lunch!and!began!the!trek.!!There!wasn’t!much!time!top!stop!on!the!way,!but!we!did!make!time!to!stop!at!one!particular!bridge.!!We!had!already!birded!there!before,!but!we!stopped!again!for!a!last!ditch!attempt!at!our!most!ridiculously!overdue!bird!for!the!list!–!WhiteFheaded!MarshFTyrant.!!And!thankfully!this!time!they!cooperated!in!style!!!Not!only!did!we!see!them,!we!saw!them!close,!well,!and!singing.!!A!couple!of!rare!WhiteFrumped!Swallows!and!some!stellar!views!of!Chotoy!Spinetail!rounded!out!the!drive!back.!
Species!List!
Bird(taxonomy(follows(Clements,(J.(F.,(T.(S.(Schulenberg,(M.(J.(Iliff,(B.L.(Sullivan,(C.(L.(Wood,(and(D.(Roberson.(2012.(The(eBird/Clements(checklist(of(birds(of(the(world:(Version(6.9((2014).(
A!total!of!498!species!were!encountered,!of!which!18!were!heard!only!(marked!with!an!H),!and!3!were!guide!only!(marked!with!a!G).!
!
!RHEAS! RHEIDAE##
!Greater!Rhea! Rhea(americana(
!TINAMOUS! TINAMIDAE##
h! Cinereous!Tinamou! Crypturellus(cinereus(h! Undulated!Tinamou! Crypturellus(undulatus(h! Variegated!Tinamou! Crypturellus(variegatus(
!SmallCbilled!Tinamou! Crypturellus(parvirostris(
!SCREAMERS! ANHIMIDAE##
!Southern!Screamer! Chauna(torquata(
!DUCKS,!GEESE,!AND!WATERFOWL! ANATIDAE##
!WhiteCfaced!WhistlingCDuck! Dendrocygna(viduata(
!BlackCbellied!WhistlingCDuck! Dendrocygna(autumnalis(
!Muscovy!Duck! Cairina(moschata(
!Brazilian!Teal! Amazonetta(brasiliensis(
!GUANS,!CHACHALACAS,!CURASSOWS! CRACIDAE##
!Chaco!Chachalaca! Ortalis(canicollis(
!Spix's!Guan! Penelope(jacquacu(
!ChestnutCbellied!Guan! Penelope(ochrogaster(
!BlueCthroated!PipingCGuan! Pipile(cumanensis(
!RedCthroated!PipingCGuan! Pipile(cujubi(
!BareCfaced!Curassow! Crax(fasciolata(
!STORKS! CICONIIDAE##
!Maguari!Stork! Ciconia(maguari(
!Jabiru! Jabiru(mycteria(
!Wood!Stork! Mycteria(americana(
!CORMORANTS!AND!SHAGS! PHALACROCORACIDAE##
!Neotropic!Cormorant! Phalacrocorax(brasilianus(
!ANHINGAS! ANHINGIDAE##
!Anhinga! Anhinga(anhinga(
!HERONS,!EGRETS,!AND!BITTERNS! ARDEIDAE##
!Rufescent!TigerCHeron! Tigrisoma(lineatum(
!Cocoi!Heron! Ardea(cocoi(
!Great!Egret! Ardea(alba(
!Snowy!Egret! Egretta(thula(
!Little!Blue!Heron! Egretta(caerulea(
!Cattle!Egret! Bubulcus(ibis(
!Striated!Heron! Butorides(striata(
!Whistling!Heron! Syrigma(sibilatrix(
!Capped!Heron! Pilherodius(pileatus(
!BlackCcrowned!NightCHeron! Nycticorax(nycticorax(
!IBISES!AND!SPOONBILLS! THRESKIORNITHIDAE##
!WhiteCfaced!Ibis! Plegadis(chihi(
!Green!Ibis! Mesembrinibis(cayennensis(
!BareCfaced!Ibis! Phimosus(infuscatus(
!Plumbeous!Ibis! Theristicus(caerulescens(
!BuffCnecked!Ibis! Theristicus(caudatus(
!Roseate!Spoonbill! Platalea(ajaja(
!NEW!WORLD!VULTURES! CATHARTIDAE##
!Black!Vulture! Coragyps(atratus(
!Turkey!Vulture! Cathartes(aura(
!Lesser!YellowCheaded!Vulture! Cathartes(burrovianus(
!Greater!YellowCheaded!Vulture! Cathartes(melambrotus(
!King!Vulture! Sarcoramphus(papa(
!HAWKS,!EAGLES,!AND!KITES! ACCIPITRIDAE##
!Pearl!Kite! Gampsonyx(swainsonii(
!SwallowCtailed!Kite! Elanoides(forficatus(
!BlackCcollared!Hawk! Busarellus(nigricollis(
!Snail!Kite! Rostrhamus(sociabilis(
!Crane!Hawk! Geranospiza(caerulescens(
!Savanna!Hawk! Buteogallus(meridionalis(
!Great!Black!Hawk! Buteogallus(urubitinga(
!Roadside!Hawk! Rupornis(magnirostris(
!WhiteCtailed!Hawk! Geranoaetus(albicaudatus(
!White!Hawk! Pseudastur(albicollis(
!GrayClined!(Gray)!Hawk! Buteo(nitidus(
!ShortCtailed!Hawk! Buteo(brachyurus(
!SUNBITTERN! EURYPYGIDAE##
!Sunbittern! Eurypyga(helias(
!RAILS,!GALLINULES,!AND!COOTS! RALLIDAE##
g! RufousCsided!Crake! Laterallus(melanophaius(
!GrayCnecked!WoodCRail! Aramides(cajaneus(
h! AshCthroated!Crake! Porzana(albicollis(
!FINFOOTS! HELIORNITHIDAE##
!Sungrebe! Heliornis(fulica(
!LIMPKIN! ARAMIDAE##
!Limpkin! Aramus(guarauna(
!TRUMPETERS! PSOPHIIDAE##
!DarkCwinged!Trumpeter! Psophia(viridis(
!STILTS!AND!AVOCETS! RECURVIROSTRIDAE##
!BlackCnecked!(WhiteCbacked)!Stilt! Himantopus(mexicanus(melanurus(
!PLOVERS!AND!LAPWINGS! CHARADRIIDAE##
!Pied!Lapwing! Vanellus(cayanus(
!Southern!Lapwing! Vanellus(chilensis(
!Collared!Plover! Charadrius(collaris(
!JACANAS! JACANIDAE##
!Wattled!Jacana! Jacana(jacana(
!SANDPIPERS!AND!ALLIES! SCOLOPACIDAE##
!South!American!Snipe! Gallinago(paraguaiae(
!GULLS,!TERNS,!AND!SKIMMERS! LARIDAE##
!YellowCbilled!Tern! Sternula(superciliaris(
!LargeCbilled!Tern! Phaetusa(simplex(
!Black!Skimmer! Rynchops(niger(
!PIGEONS!AND!DOVES! COLUMBIDAE##
!Rock!Pigeon! Columba(livia(
!PaleCvented!Pigeon! Patagioenas(cayennensis(
!Scaled!Pigeon! Patagioenas(speciosa(
!Picazuro!Pigeon! Patagioenas(picazuro(
!Plumbeous!Pigeon! Patagioenas(plumbea(
!Ruddy!Pigeon! Patagioenas(subvinacea(
!Eared!Dove! Zenaida(auriculata(
!Ruddy!GroundCDove! Columbina(talpacoti(
!Scaled!Dove! Columbina(squammata(
!Picui!GroundCDove! Columbina(picui(
!Blue!GroundCDove! Claravis(pretiosa(
!LongCtailed!GroundCDove! Uropelia(campestris(
!Ruddy!QuailCDove! Geotrygon(montana(
!WhiteCtipped!Dove! Leptotila(verreauxi(
!GrayCfronted!Dove! Leptotila(rufaxilla(
!CUCKOOS! CUCULIDAE##
!Little!Cuckoo! Coccycua(minuta(
!Squirrel!Cuckoo! Piaya(cayana(
!BlackCbellied!Cuckoo! Piaya(melanogaster(
!DarkCbilled!Cuckoo! Coccyzus(melacoryphus(
!Guira!Cuckoo! Guira(guira(
h! Striped!Cuckoo! Tapera(naevia(h! Greater!Ani! Crotophaga(major(
!SmoothCbilled!Ani! Crotophaga(ani(
!OWLS! STRIGIDAE##
!Great!Horned!Owl! Bubo(virginianus(
!Ferruginous!PygmyCOwl! Glaucidium(brasilianum(
!Burrowing!Owl! Athene(cunicularia(
!NIGHTJARS!AND!ALLIES! CAPRIMULGIDAE##
!Nacunda!Nighthawk! Chordeiles(nacunda(
!BandCtailed!Nighthawk! Nyctiprogne(leucopyga(
!Blackish!Nightjar! Nyctipolus(nigrescens(
!Common!Pauraque! Nyctidromus(albicollis(
!SpotCtailed!Nightjar! Hydropsalis(maculicaudus(
g! Ocellated!Poorwill! Nyctiphrynus(ocellatus(
!POTOOS! NYCTIBIIDAE##
!LongCtailed!Potoo! Nyctibius(aethereus(
!Common!Potoo! Nyctibius(griseus(
!SWIFTS! APODIDAE##
!Amazonian!Swift! Chaetura(viridipennis(
!ShortCtailed!Swift! Chaetura(brachyura(
!GrayCrumped!Swift! Chaetura(cinereiventris(
!PaleCrumped!Swift! Chaetura(egregia(
!ForkCtailed!PalmCSwift! Tachornis(squamata(
!HUMMINGBIRDS! TROCHILIDAE##
!WhiteCnecked!Jacobin! Florisuga(mellivora(
!WhiteCbearded!Hermit! Phaethornis(hispidus(
!GreatCbilled!Hermit! Phaethornis(malaris(
!BuffCbellied!Hermit! Phaethornis(subochraceus(
!Planalto!Hermit! Phaethornis(pretrei(
!WhiteCvented!Violetear! Colibri(serrirostris(
!BlackCeared!Fairy! Heliothryx(auritus(
!WhiteCtailed!Goldenthroat! Polytmus(guainumbi(
!FieryCtailed!Awlbill! Avocettula(recurvirostris(
!BlackCthroated!Mango! Anthracothorax(nigricollis(
g! BlackCbellied!Thorntail! Discosura(langsdorffi(
!BlueCtufted!Starthroat! Heliomaster(furcifer(
!GlitteringCbellied!Emerald! Chlorostilbon(lucidus(
!SwallowCtailed!Hummingbird! Eupetomena(macroura(
!ForkCtailed!Woodnymph! Thalurania(furcata(
!Versicolored!Emerald! Amazilia(versicolor(
!GlitteringCthroated!Emerald! Amazilia(fimbriata(
!Gilded!Hummingbird!(Sapphire)! Hylocharis(chrysura(
!TROGONS! TROGONIDAE##
!Pavonine!Quetzal! Pharomachrus(pavoninus(
!BlackCtailed!Trogon! Trogon(melanurus(eumorphus(
!GreenCbacked!(WhiteCtailed)!Trogon! Trogon(viridis(viridis(
!Amazonian!(Violaceous)!Trogon! Trogon(ramonianus(
!BlueCcrowned!Trogon! Trogon(curucui(
h! BlackCthroated!Trogon! Trogon(rufus(
!Collared!Trogon! Trogon(collaris(
!MOTMOTS! MOMOTIDAE##
!Amazonian!(BlueCcrowned)!Motmot! Momotus(momota(simplex(
!BroadCbilled!Motmot! Electron(platyrhynchum(
!KINGFISHERS! ALCEDINIDAE##
!Ringed!Kingfisher! Megaceryle(torquata(
!Amazon!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(amazona(
!Green!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(americana(
!GreenCandCrufous!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(inda(
!American!Pygmy!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(aenea(
!PUFFBIRDS! BUCCONIDAE##
!WhiteCnecked!Puffbird! Notharchus(hyperrhynchus(
!BrownCbanded!Puffbird! Notharchus(ordii(
!Pied!Puffbird! Notharchus(tectus(
!Striolated!Puffbird! Nystalus(striolatus(torridus(
!WhiteCeared!Puffbird! Nystalus(chacuru(
!BlackCfronted!Nunbird! Monasa(nigrifrons(
!WhiteCfronted!Nunbird! Monasa(morphoeus(
!
SwallowCwinged!Puffbird!(SwallowCwing)! Chelidoptera(tenebrosa(
!JACAMARS! GALBULIDAE##
!BlueCcheeked!Jacamar! Galbula(cyanicollis(
!RufousCtailed!Jacamar! Galbula(ruficauda(
!Bronzy!Jacamar! Galbula(leucogastra(
!Paradise!Jacamar! Galbula(dea(
!NEW!WORLD!BARBETS! CAPITONIDAE##
!BlackCgirdled!Barbet! Capito(dayi(
!TOUCANS! RAMPHASTIDAE##
!Lettered!Aracari! Pteroglossus(inscriptus(
!ChestnutCeared!Aracari! Pteroglossus(castanotis(
!CurlCcrested!Aracari! Pteroglossus(beauharnaesii(
!RedCnecked!Aracari! Pteroglossus(bitorquatus(
!Gould's!Toucanet! Selenidera(gouldii(
!Toco!Toucan! Ramphastos(toco(
!WhiteCthroated!(Cuvier's)!Toucan! Ramphastos(tucanus(cuvieri(
!ChannelCbilled!Toucan! Ramphastos(vitellinus(culminatus(
!WOODPECKERS! PICIDAE##
!WhiteCwedged!Piculet! Picumnus(albosquamatus(
!White!Woodpecker! Melanerpes(candidus(
!YellowCtufted!Woodpecker! Melanerpes(cruentatus(
!Little!Woodpecker! Veniliornis(passerinus(
!RedCstained!Woodpecker! Veniliornis(affinis(
!YellowCthroated!Woodpecker! Piculus(flavigula(magnus(
!GoldenCgreen!Woodpecker! Piculus(chrysochloros(
!GreenCbarred!Woodpecker! Colaptes(melanochloros(
!Campo!Flicker! Colaptes(campestris(
!ScaleCbreasted!Woodpecker! Celeus(grammicus(
!PaleCcrested!Woodpecker! Celeus(lugubris(
!CreamCcolored!Woodpecker! Celeus(flavus(
!Ringed!Woodpecker! Celeus(torquatus(
!Lineated!Woodpecker! Dryocopus(lineatus(
!RedCnecked!Woodpecker! Campephilus(rubricollis(
!CrimsonCcrested!Woodpecker! Campephilus(melanoleucos(
!SERIEMAS! CARIAMIDAE##
!RedClegged!Seriema! Cariama(cristata(
!FALCONS!AND!CARACARAS! FALCONIDAE##
!Black!Caracara! Daptrius(ater(
!RedCthroated!Caracara! Ibycter(americanus(
!Southern!Caracara! Caracara(plancus(
!YellowCheaded!Caracara! Milvago(chimachima(
h! Laughing!Falcon! Herpetotheres(cachinnans(
!American!Kestrel! Falco(sparverius(
!Aplomado!Falcon! Falco(femoralis(
!Bat!Falcon! Falco(rufigularis(
!OrangeCbreasted!Falcon! Falco(deiroleucus(
!PARROTS! PSITTACIDAE##
!ScarletCshouldered!Parrotlet! Touit(huetii(
!Monk!Parakeet! Myiopsitta(monachus(
!YellowCchevroned!Parakeet! Brotogeris(chiriri(
!GoldenCwinged!Parakeet! Brotogeris(chrysoptera(
!ScalyCheaded!Parrot! Pionus(maximiliani(
!BlueCheaded!Parrot! Pionus(menstruus(
!TurquoiseCfronted!(BlueCfronted)!Parrot! Amazona(aestiva(
!Kawall's!Parrot! Amazona(kawalli(
!OrangeCwinged!Parrot! Amazona(amazonica(
!BlueCwinged!Parrotlet! Forpus(xanthopterygius(
!DuskyCbilled!Parrotlet! Forpus(modestus(
!WhiteCbellied!Parrot! Pionites(leucogaster(
!RedCfan!Parrot! Deroptyus(accipitrinus(
!CrimsonCbellied!Parakeet! Pyrrhura(perlata(
!Santarem!Parakeet! Pyrrhura(amazonum(lucida(
!Hyacinth!Macaw! Anodorhynchus(hyacinthinus(
!PeachCfronted!Parakeet! Eupsittula(aurea(
!WhiteCeyed!Parakeet! Psittacara(leucophthalmus(
!BlueCwinged!Macaw! Primolius(maracana(
!YellowCcollared!(GoldenCcollared)!Macaw! Primolius(auricollis(
!ChestnutCfronted!Macaw! Ara(severus(
!RedCandCgreen!Macaw! Ara(chloropterus(
!Scarlet!Macaw! Ara(macao(
!BlueCandCyellow!Macaw! Ara(ararauna(
!BlueCcrowned!Parakeet! Thectocercus(acuticaudatus(
!RedCshouldered!Macaw! Diopsittaca(nobilis(
!TYPICAL!ANTBIRDS! THAMNOPHILIDAE##
!Fasciated!Antshrike! Cymbilaimus(lineatus(
!Great!Antshrike! Taraba(major(
!Glossy!Antshrike! Sakesphorus(luctuosus(
!Barred!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(doliatus(
!RufousCwinged!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(torquatus(
!ChestnutCbacked!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(palliatus(
!PlainCwinged!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(schistaceus(
!Natterer's!SlatyCAntshrike! Thamnophilus(stictocephalus(
!Amazonian!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(amazonicus(
!Plain!Antvireo! Dysithamnus(mentalis(
!Saturnine!Antshrike! Thamnomanes(saturninus(
!Cinereous!Antshrike! Thamnomanes(caesius(
!PlainCthroated!Antwren! Isleria(hauxwelli(
!SpotCwinged!Antshrike! Pygiptila(stellaris(
!WhiteCeyed!Antwren! Epinecrophylla(leucophthalma(
!Ornate!Antwren! Epinecrophylla(ornata(
!Pygmy!Antwren! Myrmotherula(brachyura(
!Sclater's!Antwren! Myrmotherula(sclateri(
!Amazonian!StreakedCAntwren! Myrmotherula(multostriata(
!WhiteCflanked!Antwren! Myrmotherula(axillaris(axillaris(
!LongCwinged!Antwren! Myrmotherula(longipennis(
!Gray!Antwren! Myrmotherula(menetriesii(
!LargeCbilled!Antwren! Herpsilochmus(longirostris(
!RufousCwinged!Antwren! Herpsilochmus(rufimarginatus(
!DotCwinged!Antwren! Microrhopias(quixensis(emiliae(
!WhiteCfringed!Antwren! Formicivora(grisea(
!RustyCbacked!Antwren! Formicivora(rufa(
!BlackCbellied!Antwren! Formicivora(melanogaster(
!Striated!Antbird! Drymophila(devillei(subochracea(
!Gray!Antbird! Cercomacra(cinerascens(
!Blackish!Antbird! Cercomacra(nigrescens(
!Mato!Grosso!Antbird! Cercomacra(melanaria(
!Manu!Antbird! Cercomacra(manu(
!WhiteCbrowed!Antbird! Myrmoborus(leucophrys(
!BlackCfaced!Antbird! Myrmoborus(myotherinus(
!BandCtailed!Antbird! Hypocnemoides(maculicauda(
!Silvered!Antbird! Sclateria(naevia(
!DotCbacked!Antbird! Hylophylax(punctulatus(
!Xingu!ScaleCbacked!Antbird! Willisornis(vidua(
!BlackCspotted!BareCeye! Phlegopsis(nigromaculata(
!ANTPITTAS! GRALLARIIDAE##
h! ThrushClike!Antpitta! Myrmothera(campanisona(
!OVENBIRDS! FURNARIIDAE:#FURNARIINAE#
!SpotCthroated!Woodcreeper! Certhiasomus(stictolaemus(
!Olivaceous!Woodcreeper! Sittasomus(griseicapillus(transitivus(
!LongCtailed!Woodcreeper! Deconychura(longicauda(
!WhiteCchinned!Woodcreeper! Dendrocincla(merula(
!WedgeCbilled!Woodcreeper! Glyphorynchus(spirurus(
!CinnamonCthroated!Woodcreeper! Dendrexetastes(rufigula(
!LongCbilled!Woodcreeper! Nasica(longirostris(
!Amazonian!BarredCWoodcreeper! Dendrocolaptes(certhia(concolor(
!RedCbilled!(Uniform)!Woodcreeper! Hylexetastes(perrotii(uniformis(
!StrongCbilled!Woodcreeper! Xiphocolaptes(promeropirhynchus(
!Spix's!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(spixii(
!
BuffCthroated!(Lafresnaye's)!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(guttatus(dorbignyanus(
!
BuffCthroated!(DuskyCbilled)!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(guttatus(eytoni(
!StraightCbilled!Woodcreeper! Dendroplex(picus(
!RedCbilled!Scythebill! Campylorhamphus(trochilirostris(
!CurveCbilled!(Tapajos)!Scythebill! Campylorhamphus(procurvoides(cardosoi(
!NarrowCbilled!Woodcreeper! Lepidocolaptes(angustirostris(
!Lineated!(Layard's)!Woodcreeper! Lepidocolaptes(albolineatus(layardi(
!SlenderCbilled!Xenops! Xenops(tenuirostris(
!Plain!Xenops! Xenops(minutus(
!PointCtailed!Palmcreeper! Berlepschia(rikeri(
!PaleClegged!Hornero! Furnarius(leucopus(
!Rufous!Hornero! Furnarius(rufus(
!DuskyCcheeked!(Crested)!FoliageCgleaner! Anabazenops(dorsalis(
!RufousCrumped!FoliageCgleaner! Philydor(erythrocercum(
!ChestnutCwinged!FoliageCgleaner! Philydor(erythropterum(
!RufousCtailed!FoliageCgleaner! Anabacerthia(ruficaudata(
!ChestnutCwinged!Hookbill! Ancistrops(strigilatus(
!RufousCfronted!(Common)!Thornbird! Phacellodomus(rufifrons(
!Greater!Thornbird! Phacellodomus(ruber(
!RustyCbacked!Spinetail! Cranioleuca(vulpina(
h! Speckled!Spinetail! Cranioleuca(gutturata(
!Rufous!(GrayCcrested)!Cacholote! Pseudoseisura(unirufa(
!Chotoy!Spinetail! Schoeniophylax(phryganophilus(
!YellowCchinned!Spinetail! Certhiaxis(cinnamomeus(
!SootyCfronted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(frontalis(
!PaleCbreasted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(albescens(
!CinereousCbreasted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(hypospodia(
!WhiteClored!Spinetail! Synallaxis(albilora(
!TYRANT!FLYCATCHERS! TYRANNIDAE##
!WhiteClored!Tyrannulet! Ornithion(inerme(
!Southern!BeardlessCTyrannulet! Camptostoma(obsoletum(
!Chapada!Flycatcher! Suiriri(islerorum(
!YellowCcrowned!Tyrannulet! Tyrannulus(elatus(
!Forest!Elaenia! Myiopagis(gaimardii(
!Gray!Elaenia! Myiopagis(caniceps(
!Greenish!Elaenia! Myiopagis(viridicata(
!SmallCbilled!Elaenia! Elaenia(parvirostris(
!PlainCcrested!Elaenia! Elaenia(cristata(
!WhiteCbellied!Tyrannulet! Serpophaga(munda(
!OchreCbellied!Flycatcher! Mionectes(oleagineus(
!SepiaCcapped!Flycatcher! Leptopogon(amaurocephalus(
!Planalto!Tyrannulet! Phyllomyias(fasciatus(
!Guianan!Tyrannulet! Zimmerius(acer(
!Amazonian!ScrubCFlycatcher! Sublegatus(obscurior(
!Plain!Tyrannulet! Inezia(inornata(
!Amazonian!Tyrannulet! Inezia(subflava(
!Southern!Antpipit! Corythopis(delalandi(
!TawnyCcrowned!PygmyCTyrant! Euscarthmus(meloryphus(
!ShortCtailed!PygmyCTyrant! Myiornis(ecaudatus(
!Helmeted!PygmyCTyrant! Lophotriccus(galeatus(
!WhiteCbellied!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(griseipectus(
!StripeCnecked!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(striaticollis(
!PearlyCvented!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(margaritaceiventer(
!Zimmer's!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(minimus(
!RustyCfronted!TodyCFlycatcher! Poecilotriccus(latirostris(
!Spotted!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(maculatum(
!Common!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(cinereum(
!YellowCbrowed!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(chrysocrotaphum(
!YellowColive!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(sulphurescens(pallescens(
!YellowCmargined!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(assimilis(assimilis(
!GrayCcrowned!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(poliocephalus(
!YellowCbreasted!(OchreClored)!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(flaviventris(subsimilis(
!WhiteCcrested!Spadebill! Platyrinchus(platyrhynchos(
!RuddyCtailed!Flycatcher! Terenotriccus(erythrurus(
!Cinnamon!ManakinCTyrant! Neopipo(cinnamomea(
!Whiskered!Flycatcher! Myiobius(barbatus(insignis(
!BranCcolored!Flycatcher! Myiophobus(fasciatus(
h! Euler's!Flycatcher! Lathrotriccus(euleri(
!Fuscous!Flycatcher! Cnemotriccus(fuscatus(
!Vermilion!Flycatcher! Pyrocephalus(rubinus(
!Drab!Water!Tyrant! Ochthornis(littoralis(
!WhiteCrumped!Monjita! Xolmis(velatus(
!BlackCbacked!WaterCTyrant! Fluvicola(albiventer(
!WhiteCheaded!Marsh!Tyrant! Arundinicola(leucocephala(
!LongCtailed!Tyrant! Colonia(colonus(
!Cattle!Tyrant! Machetornis(rixosa(
!LargeCheaded!Flatbill! Ramphotrigon(megacephalum(
!RufousCtailed!Flatbill! Ramphotrigon(ruficauda(
!DullCcapped!(WhiteCeyed)!Attila! Attila(bolivianus(
h! BrightCrumped!Attila! Attila(spadiceus(
!RufousCtailed!Attila! Attila(phoenicurus(
!Sibilant!(Eastern)!Sirystes! Sirystes(albocinereus(
!Rufous!Casiornis! Casiornis(rufus(
!Grayish!Mourner! Rhytipterna(simplex(
!DuskyCcapped!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(tuberculifer(
!Swainson's!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(swainsoni(
!ShortCcrested!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(ferox(
!BrownCcrested!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(tyrannulus(
!Lesser!Kiskadee! Pitangus(lictor(
!Great!Kiskadee! Pitangus(sulphuratus(
!BoatCbilled!Flycatcher! Megarynchus(pitangua(
!RustyCmargined!Flycatcher! Myiozetetes(cayanensis(
!Social!Flycatcher! Myiozetetes(similis(
!Piratic!Flycatcher! Legatus(leucophaius(
!Variegated!Flycatcher! Empidonomus(varius(
!Crowned!Slaty!Flycatcher! Empidonomus(aurantioatrocristatus(
!Tropical!Kingbird! Tyrannus(melancholicus(
!COTINGAS! COTINGIDAE##
!Amazonian!Umbrellabird! Cephalopterus(ornatus(
!Spangled!Cotinga! Cotinga(cayana(
!Screaming!Piha! Lipaugus(vociferans(
!Pompadour!Cotinga! Xipholena(punicea(
!BareCnecked!Fruitcrow! Gymnoderus(foetidus(
!MANAKINS! PIPRIDAE##
!Dwarf!TyrantCManakin! Tyranneutes(stolzmanni(
!Helmeted!Manakin! Antilophia(galeata(
h! BlueCbacked!Manakin! Chiroxiphia(pareola(
!FieryCcapped!Manakin! Machaeropterus(pyrocephalus(
!WhiteCcrowned!Manakin! Dixiphia(pipra(
!RedCheaded!Manakin! Ceratopipra(rubrocapilla(
!FlameCcrowned!(FlameCcrested)!Manakin! Heterocercus(linteatus(
!BandCtailed!Manakin! Pipra(fasciicauda(
!SnowCcapped!Manakin! Lepidothrix(nattereri(
!WingCbarred!Piprites! Piprites(chloris(
!TITYRAS!AND!ALLIES! TITYRIDAE##
!BlackCtailed!Tityra! Tityra(cayana(
!BlackCcrowned!Tityra! Tityra(inquisitor(
!Masked!Tityra! Tityra(semifasciata(
!BrownCwinged!(ThrushClike)!Schiffornis! Schiffornis(turdina(
!Cinereous!Mourner! Laniocera(hypopyrra(
!WhiteCbrowed!Purpletuft! Iodopleura(isabellae(
!WhiteCnaped!Xenopsaris! Xenopsaris(albinucha(
!ChestnutCcrowned!Becard! Pachyramphus(castaneus(
!WhiteCwinged!Becard! Pachyramphus(polychopterus(
!BlackCcapped!Becard! Pachyramphus(marginatus(
!Crested!Becard! Pachyramphus(validus(
!VIREOS! VIREONIDAE##
!GrayCchested!Greenlet! Hylophilus(semicinereus(
!AshyCheaded!Greenlet! Hylophilus(pectoralis(
!DuskyCcapped!Greenlet! Hylophilus(hypoxanthus(
h! TawnyCcrowned!Greenlet! Hylophilus(ochraceiceps(
!SlatyCcapped!ShrikeCVireo! Vireolanius(leucotis(
!RufousCbrowed!Peppershrike! Cyclarhis(gujanensis(
!CROWS,!JAYS,!AND!MAGPIES! CORVIDAE##
!Purplish!Jay! Cyanocorax(cyanomelas(
!CurlCcrested!Jay! Cyanocorax(cristatellus(
!SWALLOWS! HIRUNDINIDAE##
!BlackCcollared!Swallow! Pygochelidon(melanoleuca(
!WhiteCbanded!Swallow! Atticora(fasciata(
!Southern!RoughCwinged!Swallow! Stelgidopteryx(ruficollis(
!GrayCbreasted!Martin! Progne(chalybea(
!Southern!Martin! Progne(elegans(
!WhiteCwinged!Swallow! Tachycineta(albiventer(
!WhiteCrumped!Swallow! Tachycineta(leucorrhoa(
!WRENS! TROGLODYTIDAE##
!ThrushClike!Wren! Campylorhynchus(turdinus(
!ToothCbilled!Wren! Odontorchilus(cinereus(
!Moustached!Wren! Pheugopedius(genibarbis(
!BuffCbreasted!Wren! Cantorchilus(leucotis(
!FawnCbreasted!Wren! Cantorchilus(guarayanus(
!House!Wren! Troglodytes(aedon(
!GNATCATCHERS! POLIOPTILIDAE##
!LongCbilled!Gnatwren! Ramphocaenus(melanurus(
!Guianan!(Para)!Gnatcatcher! Polioptila(guianensis(paraensis(
!Masked!Gnatcatcher! Polioptila(dumicola(
!DONACOBIUS! DONACOBIIDAE##
!BlackCcapped!Donacobius! Donacobius(atricapilla(
!THRUSHES!AND!ALLIES! TURDIDAE##
!PaleCbreasted!Thrush! Turdus(leucomelas(
!Hauxwell's!Thrush! Turdus(hauxwelli(
!RufousCbellied!Thrush! Turdus(rufiventris(
!CreamyCbellied!Thrush! Turdus(amaurochalinus(
!MOCKINGBIRDS!AND!THRASHERS! MIMIDAE##
!ChalkCbrowed!Mockingbird! Mimus(saturninus(
!WAGTAILS!AND!PIPITS! MOTACILLIDAE##
!Yellowish!Pipit! Anthus(lutescens(
!NEW!WORLD!WARBLERS! PARULIDAE##
!Masked!Yellowthroat! Geothlypis(aequinoctialis(velata(
!GoldenCcrowned!(WhiteCbellied)!Warbler! Basileuterus(culicivorus(hypoleucus(
!Flavescent!Warbler! Myiothlypis(flaveola(
!TANAGERS!AND!ALLIES! THRAUPIDAE##
!RedCcrested!Cardinal! Paroaria(coronata(
!RedCcapped!Cardinal! Paroaria(gularis(
!YellowCbilled!Cardinal! Paroaria(capitata(
!BlackCfaced!Tanager! Schistochlamys(melanopis(
!WhiteCbanded!Tanager! Neothraupis(fasciata(
!RedCbilled!Pied!Tanager! Lamprospiza(melanoleuca(
!Hooded!Tanager! Nemosia(pileata(
!WhiteCrumped!Tanager! Cypsnagra(hirundinacea(
!GrayCheaded!Tanager! Eucometis(penicillata(
!FlameCcrested!Tanager! Tachyphonus(cristatus(
!WhiteCshouldered!Tanager! Tachyphonus(luctuosus(
!WhiteClined!Tanager! Tachyphonus(rufus(
!WhiteCwinged!ShrikeCTanager! Lanio(versicolor(
!SilverCbeaked!Tanager! Ramphocelus(carbo(
!BlueCgray!Tanager! Thraupis(episcopus(
!Sayaca!Tanager! Thraupis(sayaca(
!Palm!Tanager! Thraupis(palmarum(
!BurnishedCbuff!Tanager! Tangara(cayana(
!BlueCnecked!Tanager! Tangara(cyanicollis(
!Turquoise!Tanager! Tangara(mexicana(boliviana(
!Paradise!Tanager! Tangara(chilensis(
!OpalCrumped!Tanager! Tangara(velia(
!BayCheaded!Tanager! Tangara(gyrola(
!GreenCandCgold!Tanager! Tangara(schrankii(
!Swallow!Tanager! Tersina(viridis(
!BlackCfaced!Dacnis! Dacnis(lineata(
!YellowCbellied!Dacnis! Dacnis(flaviventer(
!Blue!Dacnis! Dacnis(cayana(
!ShortCbilled!Honeycreeper! Cyanerpes(nitidus(
!Purple!Honeycreeper! Cyanerpes(caeruleus(
!Green!Honeycreeper! Chlorophanes(spiza(
!YellowCbacked!Tanager! Hemithraupis(flavicollis(
!ChestnutCvented!Conebill! Conirostrum(speciosum(
!Saffron!Finch! Sicalis(flaveola(
!WedgeCtailed!GrassCFinch! Emberizoides(herbicola(
!BlueCblack!Grassquit! Volatinia(jacarina(
!Plumbeous!Seedeater! Sporophila(plumbea(
!RustyCcollared!Seedeater! Sporophila(collaris(
!DoubleCcollared!Seedeater! Sporophila(caerulescens(
!WhiteCbellied!Seedeater! Sporophila(leucoptera(
!TawnyCbellied!Seedeater! Sporophila(hypoxantha(
!ChestnutCbellied!SeedCFinch! Sporophila(angolensis(
!CoalCcrested!Finch! Charitospiza(eucosma(
!RedCcrested!Finch! Coryphospingus(cucullatus(
!Bananaquit! Coereba(flaveola(
!Grayish!Saltator! Saltator(coerulescens(
!BlackCthroated!Saltator! Saltator(atricollis(
!SlateCcolored!Grosbeak! Saltator(grossus(
!SPARROWS! EMBERIZIDAE##
!Pectoral!Sparrow! Arremon(taciturnus(
!SaffronCbilled!Sparrow! Arremon(flavirostris(
!Grassland!Sparrow! Ammodramus(humeralis(
!RufousCcollared!Sparrow! Zonotrichia(capensis(
!CARDINALS!AND!ALLIES! CARDINALIDAE##
!RedCcrowned!AntCTanager! Habia(rubica(
!RoseCbreasted!Chat! Granatellus(pelzelni(
!BlueCblack!Grosbeak! Cyanocompsa(cyanoides(
!TROUPIALS!AND!ALLIES! ICTERIDAE##
!WhiteCbrowed!Blackbird! Sturnella(superciliaris(
!Chopi!Blackbird! Gnorimopsar(chopi(
!ScarletCheaded!Blackbird! Amblyramphus(holosericeus(
!Unicolored!Blackbird! Agelasticus(cyanopus(
!BayCwinged!Cowbird! Agelaioides(badius(badius(
!Shiny!Cowbird! Molothrus(bonariensis(
!Giant!Cowbird! Molothrus(oryzivorus(
!Epaulet!Oriole! Icterus(cayanensis(cayanensis(
!Variable!Oriole! Icterus(pyrrhopterus(periporphyrus(
!OrangeCbacked!Troupial! Icterus(croconotus(
!Solitary!Black!Cacique!(Solitary!Cacique)! Cacicus(solitarius(
!YellowCrumped!Cacique! Cacicus(cela(
!Crested!Oropendola! Psarocolius(decumanus(
!Olive!(Amazonian)!Oropendola! Psarocolius(bifasciatus(
!SISKINS,!CROSSBILLS,!AND!ALLIES! FRINGILLIDAE##
!PurpleCthroated!Euphonia! Euphonia(chlorotica(
!ThickCbilled!Euphonia! Euphonia(laniirostris(
!GoldenCbellied!(WhiteClored)!Euphonia! Euphonia(chrysopasta(
!WhiteCvented!Euphonia! Euphonia(minuta(
!OrangeCbellied!Euphonia! Euphonia(xanthogaster(
!RufousCbellied!Euphonia! Euphonia(rufiventris(
!OLD!WORLD!SPARROWS! PASSERIDAE##
!House!Sparrow! Passer(domesticus(!Mammals!!Southern!Tamandua! Tamandua(tetradactyla(Tufted!Capuchin!(Brown!Capuchin)!! Cebus(apella(BlackCstriped!Capuchin!! Cebus(libidinosus(WhiteCnosed!Saki! Chiropotes(albinasus(RedChanded!Howler!! Alouatta(belzebul(Black!Howler!! Alouatta(caraya(WhiteCcheeked!Spider!Monkey! Ateles(marginatus(CrabCeating!Fox! Cerdocyon(thous(Ocelot! Leopardus(pardalis(Jaguar! Panthera(onca(Neotropical!River!Otter!! Lontra(longicaudis(Giant!Otter! Pteronura(brasiliensis(South!American!Coati! Nasua(nasua(Marsh!Deer! Blastocerus(dichotomus(Red!Brocket! Mazama(americana(Gray!Brocket! Mazama(gouazoubira(Capybara! Hydrochaeris(hydrochaeris(Azara's!Agouti! Dasyprocta(azarae(Wild!guinea!pig!sp.!(cavy)! Cavia(sp.(or(Galea(sp.(Brazilian!Rabbit! Sylvilagus(brasiliensis(!