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Bright steel
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Blankstahl GmbH
Eupener Straße 70
D-40549 Düsseldorf
www.schmolz-bickenbach.de
10/09 Subject to alterations. Errors and omissions excepted.
the suitable steel at whatever location. This
even applies to small lot production. Should a
requested grade be temporarily out of stock,
our global logistics are so organized that we
are in a position to supply you with it as rapidly
as possible – and just-in-time where required.
Furthermore, you can make the best use of
our extensive range of services – starting with
technical advice from highly qualified teams of
engineers through to the most diverse processing
options. This spans from simple saw cuts through
to machining to very close tolerances. When it
comes to fixed lengths and end machining, you
can obtain virtually everything which is technically
feasible with SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH.
Our bright steel portfolio comprises several
thousand items all of which come polished
and are available in drawn, peeled or ground
condition or a combination of all three.
Regardless whether a country’s specific steel
standards or customized special materials for
crucial components are concerned, you can
be assured that SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH
is a competent business partner for every steel
solution – and that includes supplying your
ready-to-install workpiece if required.
We offer a complete service spectrum ranging
from production and processing through to
distribution. As an international distribution
company, we source steel from our own
production units or on the best possible
terms globally through external suppliers.
Our longstanding cooperation with renowned
steel producers ensures constant quality
standards. At SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH,
these manufacturers as well as the steels they
produce are subject to continuous controls in
order to guarantee that unwavering standards
are met on an ongoing basis. We take this to
the point that we certify our producers together
with you, if requested.
In this manner every single one of our high-
grade and engineering steels fulfils the most
stringent quality demands made in the field of
mechanical engineering and by the automotive
industry.
Our finely tuned range of services offers you the
advantage of always receiving quality-tested
steel products from a single source – worldwide.
Through our extensive distribution network, we
ensure that any business can be supplied with
It is not only our clients’ diverse requirements that
have contributed to our company becoming one
of the world’s largest producers, processors and
distributors of long products made from specialty
steel – but also our longstanding tradition spanning
more than 150 years.
Today we are in a position to supply nearly the entire bright steel
range obtainable in the most diverse qualities and sizes, with more
than 70,000 stock-on-hand items ensuring short-term availability.
Our extensive product portfolio is supplemented by a comprehensive
service programme. This includes advisory services, wide-ranging
machining and logistic solutions which offer you maximum flexibility
from start to finish.
So as to respond to your requirements even more efficiently and to let
you increasingly benefit from our know-how of local and international
markets, we are constantly expanding our distribution network. As a
result, we are where you need us in all the significant markets worldwide.
Bright steelsolutionsfor everyapplication
02 03
Quality and service through to customized processing
When coil drawing, we produce bright steel up
to 40 mm in diameter from a coil. Here too all
production stages from bending up, descaling,
shearing, straightening via eddy current testing
and end machining through to weighing
and packaging are carried out in one single
production line.
Cold-drawn bright steel bars are invariably
straightened and polished. Thinner
measurements can also be supplied in coils
and on request, coil material can be arranged
in layers.
We supply drawn bright steel in the most
diverse cross-sectional shapes according
to EN 10278, with IT 11 or IT 9 tolerances.
This type of steel is produced by drawing from
hot-rolled bar steel or wire rod.
In comparison to hot-formed steel products,
the non-cutting drawing operation results in
far higher dimensional accuracy. This in turn
is a substantial prerequisite for the workability
on multispindle automatics, which enable the
manufacture of high-precision turned parts
from engineering drawings. The drawing
operation also results in an increase in
strength characteristics (tensile strength and
yield point).
With low carbon steel grades, drawing produces
an improvement in machinability. Work hardening
ensuing from the drawing operation can be
reversed by subsequent heat treatment with all
steel grades.
On our most modern production lines we draw
bright steel with high dimensional accuracy,
high-quality surface finishes and defined
mechanical properties, no matter whether
produced bar to bar, coil to bar or coil to coil.
So as to be able to realize bar drawing of
large cross sections with utmost precision,
we utilize bar draw benches with a traction
of up to 100 tons.
By intercoupling plant components in the
most modern manner, we are in a position
to descale, draw, straighten and cut bright
steel from rolled primary material without any
costly handling.
To ensure production efficiency, an eddy
current testing system for the detection of
surface flaws and an end machining unit have
been integrated into the production line.
Drawn bright steel
04 05
The EN 10277-2 and EN 10025 standards
define steels for general engineering purposes
as unalloyed steel grades, which in essence
are employed in steel construction and
mechanical engineering.
These steel grades can be adjusted to have
specific mechanical and technological properties.
These steel grades are determined according
to strength:
FN = rimming steel not permitted
FF = fully killed, with a sufficient content of
nitrogen binding elements; normalized
on request.
The following types of structural steels are
standardized under EN 10277-2:
S235JRC +C and +SH
E295GC +C and +SH
E335GC +C and +SH
S355J2C +C and +SH
This steel comes exclusively as round stock,
usually with a minimum diameter of 14 mm.
In comparison to rolled steel, the material
shows higher dimensional accuracy with a
bright, smooth surface.
Peeled bright steel is manufactured from
rolled or forged bar steel. It is subsequently
straightened and polished.
The chip removal during turning is calculated in
such way that unavoidable production-induced
surface flaws such as marks resulting from
rolling or cracks, pores, decarburization marks
and chips can be removed.
We supply peeled bright steel according to
EN 10278, with tolerance IT 11 or IT 9. Other
tolerances are supplied on request.
Ground bright steel is drawn or peeled round
stock, which comes with an improved surface
quality and higher dimensional accuracy
resulting from additional grinding and polishing.
This finish is therefore especially suitable for
lustre exhibiting surfaces.
The high dimensional stability of this steel is
of key significance when it is to be used for
machine parts requiring no further surface
treatment.
We supply ground bright steel according to
EN 10278 up to tolerance IT 6.
Peeled bright steel Ground bright steel Steels for general applications
Finish-ground and
tested bars are
individually
equipped with
spacer rings and
packaged manually.
06 07
Free cutting case hardening steels:
e.g. 10S20, 10SPb20, 15SMn13
Quenched and tempered free cutting steels:
e.g. 35S20, 36SMn14, 38SMn28, 44SMn28,
46S20
These steel grades are supplied cold-drawn as
standard. The following other finish conditions
can be agreed on when ordering:
+SH = peeled
or additionally heat-treated finishes:
+A = soft-annealed
+SR = stress-relieved
+QT = quenched and tempered
Case hardening steels according to EN 10277-4
and EN 10084 are grades with a relatively low
carbon content. These steel grades are used
with workpieces where the case is usually
carburized or carbonitrided before hardening.
This results in a significantly higher case
hardness while maintaining improved core zone
toughness.
Unalloyed case hardening steels are utilized
in the automotive industry and in general
mechanical engineering for low-stress parts
such as hubs, shafts and levers.
Depending on the alloy employed, alloyed case
hardening steels are needed for components
with medium or high core strength and
toughness. These include highly stressed
gears and control devices used in vehicle
manufacturing and aircraft construction.
Unalloyed steel grades:
e.g. C10E, C10R, C15E, C15R
Alloyed steel grades:
e.g. 16MnCr5, 20MnCr5, 20MoCr4:
other steel grades available on request.
Alloyed steel grades with controlled sulphur
content:
e.g. 16MnCrS5, 20MnCrS5, 20MoCrS4,
20NiCrMoS2-2
The following finish conditions are standard:
+C = drawn
+SH = peeled, ≥ 14 mm round
+A = soft-annealed
+TH = treated to achieve a special hardening
range
+FP = treated to achieve a ferrite-perlite
microstructure
+AC = spheroidized
These grades can partially be supplied with
0.15 % to 0.30 % extra lead content.
In comparison to sulphurized steel grades,
free cutting steels (EN 10277-3 and EN 10087)
display significantly improved machinability and
surface quality, enabling shorter production
times.
Soft free cutting steels:
e.g.11SMn30, 11SMnPb30, 11SMn37,
11SMnPb37
These grades can be supplied with added Te, Bi.
When ordering, heat treatment enabling specific
magnetic properties can be agreed on.
Case hardening steels Free cutting steels
08 09
Certifications on material testings are issued as
per EN 10204.
The content and the test to be certified have to
be agreed on at the ordering stage.
Standard finish conditions:
+C = drawn
+SH = peeled, ≥ 14 mm round
+SR = stress-relieved
+A = soft-annealed
+N = normalized
+QT = quenched and tempered
For improved machinability, these steel
grades can also be supplied with a lead
content between 0.15% and 0.30%.
Alloyed steels:
e.g. 38Cr2, 46Cr2, 34Cr4, 37Cr4, 41Cr4,
25CrMo4, 34CrMo4, 42CrMo4, 50CrMo4,
36CrNiMo4, 34CrNiMo6, 30CrNiMo8, 51CrV4.
The grades 38Cr2 to 42CrMo4 can be also
supplied as resulphurized with S = 0.020% up
to 0.040%. We supply other steel grades on
request.
Steels for cold heading and cold extrusion
(EN10263).
These steels are characterized by their good
cold formability after heat treatment.
The following finish conditions are possible:
+C = drawn
+SH = peeled ≥ 14 mm round
+A = soft-annealed
+FP = treated to achieve a ferrite-perlite
microstructure
+AC = spheroidized
Additional surface treatment such as
phosphatizing or polymer coating are
available on request.
Screw bolts for
wind turbine
rotor blades.
Quenched and tempered steels according to
EN 10277-5 and EN 10083 are grades especially
suitable for hardening. Through the application
of induction case hardening, they can be
specifically designed to feature paramount
wear resistance.
They are employed for highly stressed screws,
springs or piston rods where the combination
of high tensile strength, wear resistance and
toughness is of especially high significance.
Unalloyed steels:
e.g. C22 to C60, C22E to C60E, C22R to C60R
E = high-grade steel
R = high-grade steel with a controlled sulphur
content between 0.020% and 0.040%
Quenched and tempered steels Other steels
10 11
Special fixed and short lengths as well as special
edge finishes are supplied on request.
Admissible deviations from the nominal
dimension as per DIN/ISO tolerances common
for bright steel.
All tolerances up to tolerance class IT6 can be
supplied on request.
Special sections and flat steels can be supplied
on request in all finishes according to drawing or
sample.
Standard tolerance classes (example: h tolerance)
An extensive stock
combined with
the most modern
processing
machines such as
quad saws are
your guarantee
of customized
and prompt
manufacturing.
Our bright steel portfolio contains more than
5,000 items in some 400 material variations in
drawn, peeled and ground finishes.
The dimensional ranges of our bright steels
are:
drawn – between 4.5 mm and 80 mm round
turned – between 14 mm and 150 mm round
ground – between 4 mm and 125 mm round
squares, hexagons and octagons up to 80 mm
Dimensional limits are material dependent.
Key steel is available as per DIN 6880,
sharp-edged or with bevelled edges.
Special sections are supplied according to
drawings or samples.
Dimensions smaller than 22 mm also come
as spooled coils.
Product lengths are either according to DIN
provisions or as customary in the trade.
Finish condition
Drawn
Peeled
Ground
Polished
h6
R
R
h7
R
R
h8
R
R
h9
R
R
R
R
h10
R
R
R
R
h11
R, S, H
R
R
R
h12
R, S, H
R
R
R
Nominal dimension in mm
> 1 up to ≤ 3> 3 up to ≤ 6
> 6 up to ≤ 0> 10 up to ≤ 18> 18 up to ≤ 30> 30 up to ≤ 50> 50 up to ≤ 80> 80 up to ≤ 120>120 up to ≤ 180>180 up to ≤ 200
h6
0.006
0.008
0.009
0.011
0.013
0.016
0.019
0.022
0.025
0.029
h7
0.010
0.012
0.015
0.018
0.022
0.025
0.030
0.035
0.040
0.046
h8
0.014
0.018
0.022
0.027
0.033
0.039
0.046
0.054
0.063
0.072
h9
0.025
0.030
0.036
0.043
0.052
0.062
0.074
0.087
0.100
0.115
h10
0.040
0.048
0.058
0.070
0.084
0.100
0.120
0.140
0.160
0.185
h11
0.060
0.075
0.090
0.110
0.130
0.160
0.190
0.220
0.250
0.290
h12
0.100
0.120
0.150
0.180
0.210
0.250
0.300
0.350
0.400
0.460
The above tolerances are negative deviations from the nominal dimension. For example, a nominal diameter of 20 mm with
tolerance class h9 has a tolerance range of -0.052/+0 giving an acceptable product size range of 19.948 mm to 20.000 mm.
R = Round S = Square H = Hexagon
Dimensions
12 13
Tolerance class as per ISO 286-2
Tolerance class as per ISO 286-2
We offer a multitude of hot-rolled or drawn
special sections with cross sections between
30 mm2 and 190 mm2 as well as with
straightforward shapes up to a maximum of
250 mm2.
Our broad range of special sections includes
highly specific shapes.
Our efficient and modern facilities are well
suited to manufacturing customer-specific
special sections. On so-called winders, we
draw special sections and standard cross
sections from coil to coil which are pre-rolled
in our own conductive hot rolling mill.
We also supply specifically shaped sections
only pre-rolled to bar or coil.
Wide-ranging technical equipment alone with
all its harnessed potential does not guarantee
practical solutions. That is why for the
development of customized sections we,
provide you with an experienced team of
engineers, who deliver a solution for virtually
every kind of application.
Our production engineering facilities enable
the manufacture of special sections for a
multitude of different applications.
Our capability to manufacture extremely varied
shapes places us in a position to realize the
large majority of our customers’ requirements.
We supply all steels except the air hardening
varieties.
The weight per unit length is between 0.20 kg/m
and 2 kg/m and with especially favourable cross-
sectional shapes up to 3.9 kg/m.
The cost effective alternative for constructions
used in many application fields are bright drawn
special sections.
Flat
sections
Square
sections
sharp-edged or with
untreated edges
soft edges
R approx. 1/3 thickness
round faces
R approx. 1/2 thickness
round, smoothed down on
both sides
skewed edges, skewness
approx. 1/3 thickness
sharp-edged or with
untreated edges
chamfered on one side, sharp-
edged or with untreated edges
chamfered or softened on
all sides
30
33
35
35
33
14
14
15
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
200
220
340
340
340
200
200
230
A selection of our
hot-rolled or drawn
special shaped
sections.
Special sections production programme Special shaped sections
14 15
Section Sectional shape Widthmax.mm
Cross sectionmin.mm2
max.mm2
The combinations in end machining can be
selected as required between rough-turning,
centering, facing and end machining to
customer drawings on request.
We also offer the following supplementary
services: washing, length determination,
straightness testing, degaussing, weight
recording, stamping and packaging.
End machining unit. Red-hot steel on
its way through the
hardening system.
We provide bright steel cutting and end
machining at our integrated end machining
centre. Workpieces are processed with
diameters between 8 mm and 60 mm and
lengths between 25 mm and 2000 mm with
a maximum piece weight of 25 kg. Depending
on the machine used, the lengths which can
be cut are 10 mm, 50 mm or 120 mm.
Length tolerances are ± 0.15 mm or ± 0.25 mm –
likewise depending on the used machine.
In our short length production we manufacture
bright steel in segments of 25 mm to 2000 mm
for further processing according to our
customers’ demands. The steel is cut, deburred,
rough-turned, faced, chamfered, centered
and degreased on high-duty automatics. In
addition to the above, features relating to
process safeguarding can be checked.
Depending on customers’ needs, the
manufactured short pieces can be either
packaged as bulk freight or in customer-
owned containers by means of fully automatic
packaging systems. This enables both large
and small shipping units.
For specific customer demands and selected
applications, our bright steel products can be
submitted to heat treatment.
We are in the position to conduct stress relief
annealing, soft annealing, spheroidizing
and normalizing within a temperature range
between 560 °C and 900 °C in a controlled
atmosphere.
For highest demands on strength we can
quench and temper round and hexagonal
cross sections as well as tubes on our single
bar induction hardening systems.
These facilities enable the setting of mechanical
and technological properties, which cannot be
achieved through conventional means.Chamfering and
facing
Chamfering, facing
and centering
Tapping max. 30 mm
6 – 75 (100)
10 – 70
on request
8 – 40
8 – 36
8 – 70
10 – 70
on request
22.5°, 30°,
45°, 60°
22.5°, 30°,
45°, 60°
22.5°
2000 – 6000
2000 – 6000
2000 – 6000
End machining Manufacturing of short lengths Heat treatment
16 17
Standard with commercial lengths
+C (K), +SH (SH),+SL (SL)
Roundin mm
Squarein mm
Hexagonin mm
Chamfer Standardlength in mm
During the production of steel, the sporadic
occurrence of inner material flaws can generally
not be avoided. To ensure paramount
demands on the inner quality of the bright steel
are met, we can perform ultrasonic testing
which is a non-destructive pulse-reflection
technique.
Depending on the application, the ultrasonic
testing method we use places us in a position
to check for inclusions up to a disc shaped
reflector of maximum 0.7 mm (also called flat-
bottom hole).
Furthermore the inspection technique employed
with round cross sections of the entire volume
or the gross section allows for a detection field
of up to 0.10 mm underneath the surface with
readings starting from 5 mm lengths.
The differential connection is invariably aligned
with the coil scan direction and the rotating
probe (i.e. in the longitudinal direction of
the material with the encircling coils and
circumferential direction with the rotating
probe). This results in a heightened sensitivity
to varying flaw types. The encircling coil for
example shows a particular sensitivity to
short longitudinal flaws, transverse-oriented
flaws and local flaws such as holes and
chipped spots.
By contrast, the rotating probe is especially
sensitive to open longitudinal surface flaws
such as seams, lap seams and stress cracks.
To ensure efficient
production, at
SCHMOLZ +BICKENBACH both
automated eddy
current and
ultrasonic testing
have been
integrated into the
production line.
Depending on the cross section and the
specified recording limit, either a procedure
using encircling coils or one employing rotating
probes is applied to detect surface flaws.
With round cross sections, the two methods
can either be combined or used singularly.
Only encircling probes adjusted to the shape
in question can be utilized for non-round cross
sections.
Differential coils are predominantly employed
in eddy current surface testing to achieve the
necessary flaw resolution.
This test is one of today’s most rigorous
methods used on bright steel bars from both
a technical and economic standpoint. It allows
for readings below the maximum permissible
values as set in the currently effective EN
standards.
Typical applications which make extremely high
demands on the inner quality of the bright steel
are components used for common rail direct
fuel injection systems as well as motor and
gear components designed for fatigue
strength.
Eddy current testing Ultrasonic testing
18 19
So as to ensure that even the highest demands
are met – such as those of the automotive
industry – we have established a 'zero-fault
goal’ where priority is given to error avoidance
in production.
To maintain the sustainability of our philosophy,
we continuously optimize our process flows
and apply the following tools and methods:
project management and advance quality
planning
statistical process control (SPC)
process analysis and machine capability
studies
measurement systems analysis (MSA)
failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
product, process and system audits
benchmarking
8D reports
first article inspection (in compliance with
PPAP, VDA and IMDS)
Furthermore SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH is
certified under EN ISO 9001:2000 by
Germanischer Lloyd Certification and ISO TS
16949 by Swiss Certification. We also have
acquired the ‘Q1 Preferred Quality Award’
from Ford.
Quality from a
single source. From
computer-operated
steel production
to quality control
techniques such as
magnaflux testing or
notched bar impact
tests, SCHMOLZ +BICKENBACH
offers worldwide
customized steel
solutions for every
steel grade.
Quality management
20 21
We employ the following analytical methodology
and equipment:
carbon sulphur (C/S) analyzer
chemical analyses by means of emission
spectrometry – both stationary and mobile
strength and toughness testing, applying
tensile and notched-bar impact tests at high
and low temperatures
Vickers, Brinell and Rockwell hardness
testing as well as microhardness testing
magnetic property measurement including
hysteresis
microstructure analysis, purity determination
and grain size measurements by means of
micro-sectional analysis
determination of inner material flaws using
ultrasonic testing
determination of outer material flaws by
means of magnaflux and eddy current testing
roughness testing
Using SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH materials
engineering, we can re-assure our clients of a
very reliable platform for customized and highly
qualitative steel and aluminium solutions.
Our technicians’ know-how guarantees that our
clients’ special requirements are fully understood,
enabling us to place the very best steel at their
disposal.
Our materials engineering department includes
the latest testing equipment empowering us to
carry out all the chemical, physical, mechanical
and technological tests necessary to determine
the characteristic properties of the following:
case-hardening, cold-heading and
free-cutting steels
general structural and quenched and
tempered steels
stainless, acid and heat-resistant steels
tool and high-speed steels
Materials engineering
An effective organizational structure and the
codifying of operational and work processes
ensure that the long-term business objectives
towards a responsible handling of resources
and environmental protection are pursued
without any exception whatsoever.
At SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH the responsible
handling of resources and the protection of
the environment are top priorities. In 2003 we
already began to establish a comprehensive
environmental management system (EMS) in
compliance with the ISO 14001 international
standard.
The ISO 14001:2004 certification held by
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Distributions GmbH
is also adhered to at all other SCHMOLZ +BICKENBACH locations, where regular internal
audit checks are made assuring the fulfilment
of the ISO requirements.
In accordance with the ISO 14001 environmental
standard, all company processes are analysed
and classified with respect to their environmental
compatibility. If necessary, measures are defined
to optimize the processes and then put into
practice on a continual basis.
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Automotive
Tel. +49 (0)211 5 09 – 2683
Fax +49 (0)211 5 09 – 2725
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Berlin
Tel. +49 (0)30 4 17 84 – 3
Fax +49 (0)30 4 17 84 – 450
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Bielefeld
Tel. +49 (0)521 2 08 83 – 0
Fax +49 (0)521 2 08 83 – 17
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Frankfurt
Tel. +49 (0)6033 7450 – 0
Fax +49 (0)6033 7450 – 32
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Chemnitz
Tel. +49 (0)37208 8 01 – 0
Fax +49 (0)37208 8 01 – 30
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Düsseldorf
Tel. +49 (0)211 5 09 – 2851
Fax +49 (0)211 5 09 – 2864
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Hamburg
Tel. +49 (0)40 75 60 51 – 0
Fax +49 (0)40 75 60 51 – 40
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH München
Tel. +49 (0)8141 53 461 – 0
Fax +49 (0)8141 53 461 – 81
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Nürnberg
Tel. +49 (0)911 8 33 05 – 0
Fax +49 (0)911 8 33 05 – 28
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Stuttgart
Tel. +49 (0)711 57 65 – 0
Fax +49 (0)711 57 65 – 106
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Trossingen
Tel. +49 (0)7425 22 03 – 0
Fax +49 (0)7425 22 03 – 33
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Europe GmbHTel. +49 (0)211 5 09 – 2558
Fax +49 (0)211 5 09 – 2706
SCHMOLZ + BICKENBACH Distributions GmbH locations in GermanyManagement of environmental resources
22 23
German
administration,
central distribution
and bright steel
production in
Düsseldorf.
Our complete address list is to be found on our website: www.schmolz-bickenbach.de