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BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
GAW-PFR Network and its CalibrationChristoph Wehrli and Stephan Nyeki
1. Network extent and growth
2. Upgrade for NRT operation and rapid delivery
3. Maintenance of reference TRIAD and network calibration
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
GAW-PFR Network & Customer sites
Mauna LoaDanum Valley
Izaña
Cape Point
Ny Ålesund
Mace Head
HohenpeissenbergJungfraujoch
Bratts Lake
Ryori
Alice Springs
Waliguan
● ●Cabauw
(Summit)
Sweden 3Finland 2
Japan +3
Antarctica 3
Germany +3
12 GAW & 19 NMHI stations
Valentia
●
Switzerland +3
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
GAW-PFR Network Associate Stations
Scandinavia
Jokioinen, FI, FMI
Kiruna, SE, SMHI
Norrköping, SE, SMHI
Sodankylä, FI, FMI
Visby, SE, SMHI
Central Europe
Valentia, IE, MetEire
Cabauw, NL, KNML
Zingst, DE, DWD
Lindenberg, DE, DWD
Zugspitze, DE, DWD
Antarctica
Marambio, AQ, FMI
Troll, AQ, NILUSodankyla
Jokioinen
Visby
Valentia Cabauw
Norrkoeping
Kiruna
ZingstLindenberg
Zugspitze
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
GAW-PFR Network collected data
STA 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Months
ASP 9 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 93
BLO 8 12 12 10 9 12 12 12 12 99
DAV 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 132
HPB 5 12 12 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 123
IZN 7 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 10 101
JFJ 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 8 3 12 11 118
MHD 2 8 12 12 10 12 11 12 12 3 11 105
MLO 2 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 121
NAS 5 7 6 7 7 6 8 6 52
RYO 9 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 93
DMV 8 12 12 32
CPT 11 12 23
WLG 9 9
CAB 5 12 12 29
VAL 3 12 6 21
JOK 2 2
SDK 2 2
MBINRK 2 9 12 23
KIR 12 11 12 35
VIS 12 12 12 36
TRO 4 4
5 5 7 10 10 10 10 10 16 18 20 1253
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
NRT or Rapid Delivery of AOD• GAW Strategic plan 2008 - 2015 calls for NRT delivery
of some data (like O3, AOD) for assimilation in and validation of Numerical Weather Prediction, Air Quality Monitoring, and chemical weather forecast models
• WIGOS/WIS Pilot Project GAW 2008 – 2010• GAW-WDCA @NILU ready to accept NRT data 2010/01• ET-NRT-CDT kick-off Meeting 2010/03
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
WIS – GAW Architecture
National Centers(includes WIS NC's)
GAWSIS Web site
Observing systems contributing to GAW
Da
ta a
nd
Pro
duct
Use
rs
WIS Global Information System
Centres (GISC's)
GlobalAtmosphere
Watch (GAW)
WMO Information
System(WIS)
GAW Web site
World Data Centres(also known as WIS DCPC's)
Courtesy Eliot Christian, WMO presentation for ET-NRT WS2010
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Data exchange through GTS/WIS
KEY:
NC = National Centres GISC = Global Information
System Centres DCPC = Data Collection or
Production Centres
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
GAW-PFR network data flow
PFRLogger
WORCC
GAW Station WDCA
hourly (TCP/IP)
daily (FTP)monthly (email)
QA annually
Acts like a DCPC, but outside
WIGOS
Acts like a GISC, but outside
WIGOS
daily (FTP)
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Calibration Hierarchy
• CIMO recommendation for AOD to be traceable to WORCC
• Comparison Campaign à la FRC-III• On site comparison at co-locations
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Network Calibration Hierarchy
• Langley calibration for Master PFR at high altitude sites MLO, IZO, JFJ
• Triad of reference PFR maintained at Davos
• Side by side comparison of field PFR every 1 – 3 years, instrument swap
• In-situ calibration by Langley method at suitable stations
• Travelling standard PFR comparison SIMBA98 stratospheric
balloon experiment
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Maintenance of Reference TRIAD
Goal: cross calibration between each 2 references ≤1% ! (0.5%)
Relative measure of stability – generic ageing still possible
2008
R G B V
A / C 1.003
0.997
1.000
1.000
B / C 1.003
1.004
0.999
1.007
A / B 1.001
0.993
0.995
0.995
CB
A
1%
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Calibration History
Langley statistics over 12 months (N≈125),confirmed by Langley at MLO.CV< ≈ 1%, annual drift <0.5%
Langley Calibrations at Bratt's LakeGBV avg. trend -0.3%/y; R +0.03%/y
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
J an01
J ul01
J an02
J ul02
J an03
J ul03
J an04
J ul04
J an05
J ul05
J an06
J ul06
J an07
J ul07
J an08
J ul08
J an09
J ul09
EA
V
Dav
os
Mauna Loa
Comparison to WORCC Triad (Ny Ålesund)RGB avg. trend <0.3%/y; V +0.4%/y
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
J an 02 J an 03 J an 04 Dez 04 J an 06 J an 07 J an 08 Dez 08
EAV
Annual re-calibration during polar night
U95< 1%, annual drift <0.5%
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Traceability (intercomparisons)
2005) FRC-II intercomparison Davos, 14 instruments
2006) AERONET – GAW comparison at 3 co-location
PolarAOD campaign @Ny Ålesund
2007) EUSAAR intercomparison, 6 instruments, September
2008) EUSAAR site audits at 3 stations
PolarAOD @Izaña, October
2009) EUSAAR site audits at 2 stations
2010) FRC-III intercomparison Davos
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Second Filter Radiometer Comparison
FRC-II
Participating Institutions (9) and Instruments (15)
• WORCC (CH) PFR N01, N26, N27, CIMEL#354• DWD (Germany) PFR N33• SMHI (Sweden) PFR N35• MSC (Canada) PFR N23, CIMEL#24• BOM (Australia) SPO2#1020, #1031, PFR N19• MS (UK) SPO2#1017• NOAA (USA) SPO2#1022• IES/Ispra (EU) ASR 1003• U. Colima (Mexico) PFR N20 ( for repair & calibration)
26th September – 14th October, 2005 at Davos
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
FRC-II 2005
6 8 10 12 14 16 18-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
CET on 2005-10-10
dA
OD
@50
0±3n
m (
Avg
.)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
-5
0
5
10
15
20
1000
*dA
OD
@50
0nm
(A
vg.)
Radiometer number
GAW Criterion: 95% of >1000 samples on >5 days within ΔAOD ≤ 0.005 + 0.01/m
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Co-location Davos 2008
L1.5 500 865
MBD -0.008 -0.001
RMS 0.010 0.005
Prcnt 73 96
1 2 3 4 5
-0.02
0
0.02
AO
D(C
ML
-1.5
- P
FR
) Period: 2008-01-01 ÷ 2008-10-24
1 2 3 4 5
-0.02
0
0.02
Airmass
AO
D(C
ML
-1.5
- P
FR
)
1 2 3 4 5
-0.02
0
0.02
AO
D(C
ML
-2.0
- P
FR
) Period: 2008-01-02 ÷ 2008-10-24
1 2 3 4 5
-0.02
0
0.02
Airmass
AO
D(C
ML
-2.0
- P
FR
)
L2.0 500 865
MBD -0.003 0.001
RMS 0.006 0.005
Prcnt 91 98
N = 3898; agreement in cloud-screening: 92%
L1.5
L2.0
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
EUSAAR Audits 2008
Cabauw Ispra
N = 500 / 950; MBD <0.001, Prct 85%
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
PFR network web access
•Daily summary plots
•Numerical values with metadata are available by email upon request.
•Hourly means in NARSTO format are available from WDCA, updated annually.
Annual mean plot
Quick-look plots
http://www.pmodwrc.ch/worcc
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
GAW AOD Network metadata
• GAWSIS lists multi-wavelength AOD at 49 stations including some metadata
• WDCA archive has metadata in NARSTO format
• PFR Network maintains metadata at WORCC and WDCA
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
World Data Center Aerosols WDCA Data Directory (2009)Station w. AOD start end dataAlice Springs Apr-02 2002-2007Bratt's Lake May-01 2001-2007Hohenpeissenberg Nov-93 1993-2005
J ul-00 2000-2007Izaña J ul-00 2000-2007J okioinen J un-04 2004-2007J ungfraujoch Apr-99 1999-2006Lindenberg Mar-86 1986-2005Mace Head Mar-00 2001-2007Mauna Loa Dec-99 2000-2007Minamitorishima J an-95 2003-2004Ny Ålesund May-02 2002-2007Potsdam Feb-94 Mar-03 1994-2002Ryori J an-88 2003-2004
Apr-02 2002-2007Yonagunijima J an-98 2003-2004Zingst Apr-87 1987-2005Zugspitze J an-02 2003-2005
16 Stations, starting in 1986
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Mt. Waliguan, China
AOD at Mt. Waliguan is significantly higher than at comparable altitudes
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
2008
AO
D 5
00
nm
MLO (3400m)
WLG (3810m)
JFJ (3580m)
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Sunrise at Mt. Waliguan, courtesy J. Sun, CAMS
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Daily quick-look AOD plots
Incoming raw data QC AOD results
BSRN XI meeting 2010/04
Annual hourly and monthly means