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MODELLING OF NON-POINTAND POINT SOURCES OF
POLLUTION IN YAMUNAUSING ARC-SWAT
DHANANJAY MISHRA
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ARC-SWAT MODEL
Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used tosimulate point
and non-point source pollution.
It is used to study the impact of land use on water
quality. Basic processes are-1. First the sub-basins, stream
network, channel
length and hill slopes are derived from DEM.
2. Homogeneous land use and soil classes are
overlaid to yield HRU.
3. SWAT simulates evapo-transpiration, infiltration,runoff,
nutrient cycling and transport for eachHRU.
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DATA REQUIRED &COLLECTION
Fertiliser DataFertiliser association of India
Pesticide DataIndiastat.com/PMFAI ( Spraying
schedule)
Point sources DataInternally available
Weather data, DEM, Geo-database
BOD and other actual water quality data - CPCB
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ASSUMPTIONS
1. Pesticide spraying has been assumed constant in the
entire
river basin
2. Point sources pollution from sewage has been neglected to
study the effect of non-point sources only
3. Yamuna river basin has been truncated to study the areas
upto Delhi.
4. Fertilizer consumption has been assumed same over the
year 2000-2005.
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YAMUNA RIVER BASIN-
WATERSHED
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HRU
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RESULTS
Projects\BTP\SWATOutput.mdb
Simulation was done using two different basins a. region
only
upto Delhi b. Complete Yamuna basin
Complete Yamuna basin simulation was done without any
fertilizer or pesticide dosage.
http://projects/BTP/SWATOutput.mdbhttp://projects/BTP/SWATOutput.mdbhttp://projects/BTP/SWATOutput.mdbhttp://projects/BTP/SWATOutput.mdbhttp://projects/BTP/SWATOutput.mdbhttp://projects/BTP/SWATOutput.mdb
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Sample Result of Sub-basin 1
(Uttarkashi)
Year Area(km2) Flow_In(cms) Flow_out(cms) EVAP(cms) SED_In(ton)
SED_out(ton) ORGN_In(Kg) ORG_out
2000 315.6 1.145 1.127 0.01818 2824000 2824000 2166000
2156000
2001 315.6 0.7205 0.7027 0.01771 510100 510100 240600 239300
2002 315.6 3.034 3.014 0.01933 18290000 18290000 2013000
2006000
2003 315.6 5.491 5.472 0.01852 18290000 15270000 600600
598800
2004 315.6 3.769 3.749 0.01962 6625000 6625000 543900 541500
2005 315.6 0.1698 0.1587 0.01102 35030 35030 5259 5044
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Simulated CBOD vs Actual BOD
(Yamunanagar)
Year CBOD (Kg) CBOD (mg/l)
CPCB
BOD (mg/l)
2000 1733000 NA
2001 300500 NA
2002 1398000 NA
2003 715300 0.007 1.3
2004 1585000 0.01 1.9
2005 39100 0.007 1.8
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CBOD vs Flow
Year CBOD (Kg) Flow (Cms)
20001733000 2.206
2001 300500 1.907
20021398000 3.103
2003715300 3.194
20041585000 2.95
200539100 0.1745
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Dissolved Oxygen Transported in &
out
DO (MG/L) DO ACTUAL year
0.006 8.6 2003
0.007 8.6 2004
0 8.1 2005
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CAVEATS OF THE PRESENTSTUDY
1. Single HRU in a sub-basin limits the accuracy of the
model.
2. Fertilizer data used in the model is for the entire year
while
Land use data is only for Kharif Period.
3. Parameters like fertilizer applied to top 10 mm of the
soil,
heat input required for the plant etc. not available for
Indian
situations.
4. Truncated area of study limits the accuracy of results.
5. Many imp. Water quality parameters like PH, Temperature
and Coliform are not obtained.
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--MODEL CALIBRATION &
Validation Model needs to calibrated for the system to increase
the accuracy.
SWAT would be calibrated manually for the system by changing
sensitivity parameters for the simulation period 1990-2000.
Model validation will be done for the period 2000-2005 and
efficiency of the model will be calculated at the basin
outlet.
Contribution of point and non-point sources will be compared
during various seasons.
Various scenarios can be generated and analysed.
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THANK YOU !!
