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Building Institutional Capacity in the Science-Policy Interface for Regional Worldwide Air
Quality Management
Building Institutional Capacity in the Science-Policy Interface for Regional Worldwide Air
Quality Management
Lars NordbergAdviser on International Legislation on Air Pollution
Stockholm, Sweden
Lars NordbergAdviser on International Legislation on Air Pollution
Stockholm, Sweden
Better Air Quality in Asian and Pacific Rim Cities, Hong Kong
16-18 December 2002
CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION
CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION
• Lays down the general principles of cooperation for air pollution abatement
• Sets up an institutional framework for collaborative research and exchange of information
• Provides a framework for specific policy measures (using science – effects-based approaches)
• Lays down the general principles of cooperation for air pollution abatement
• Sets up an institutional framework for collaborative research and exchange of information
• Provides a framework for specific policy measures (using science – effects-based approaches)
CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION
CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION
Artic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Slovenia
Hungary
Slovakia
Poland
Lithuania
Latvia
Estonia
Finland
Sweden
Georgia
Norway
Belarus
Czech Rep. Ukraine
Denmark
Moldova
Germany
Yugoslavia
Austria
Bulgaria
Liechtenstein
Turkey
Italy
Monaco
Cyprus
Switzerland
Malta
Netherlands
Greece
Belgium
F.Y.R.ofMacedonia
Luxembourg
Albania
France
Bosnia andHerzegovina
Spain
Croatia
Portugal
IrelandUnited Kingdom
Romania
Russian Federation
Iceland
Kara SeaBarents Sea
North Sea
Atlantic Ocean
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea Caspian Sea
Aral Sea
Canada
of America
Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan
AzerbaijanArmenia
CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION
CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION
Implementation CommitteeImplementation Committee
Working Group on Strategies and ReviewWorking Group on Strategies and Review
Working Group on EffectsWorking Group on Effects
EMEP Steering BodyEMEP Steering Body
Expert Groups
Task Forces
International Cooperative Programmes
Expert Groups
Task Forces
International Cooperative Programmes
Gothen-burg 1999
Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone
31 Signatories Effects-based emission ceilings (sulphur, NOx, VOCs, ammonia), mandatory limit values for major sources
Effects-based ProtocolsEffects-based Protocols
Oslo
1994
2nd Sulphur Protocol
25 Parties Effects-based emission ceilings (acidification), mandatory limit values for major sources
The model: RAINSdeveloped by IIASA (Atmos data: EMEP, Impact data: RIVM-CCE)
Energy/agriculture projections
Emissions
Emission control options
Atmospheric dispersion
Environmental impactsEnvironmental targets
Costs OPTIMIZATION
Source: IIASA
Environmental impacts% Ecosystems not protected against acidification
1990 G5/2 - 2010
10 1 2 14 16 18 20 2 2 24 26 2 8 30 32 3 4 36 38
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
0 .0
0 .0
1 .0
5 .0
10 .0
25 .0
50 .0
100 .0
U n it: %
Source: IIASA
Averages for S-and N-deposition at 7 stations in southern Norway
Averages for S-and N-deposition at 7 stations in southern Norway
0
20
40
60
80
19
74
19
76
19
78
19
80
19
82
19
84
19
86
19
88
19
90
19
92
19
94
19
96
19
98
20
00
20
02
20
04
20
06
20
08
20
10
Oslo
Oslo
Gothenburg
Gothenburg
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Data: NILU
µeq/l
Average deposition for 7 stations in southern Norway
NIVA
International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and Environmental
Protection Associations (IUAPPA)
International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and Environmental
Protection Associations (IUAPPA)
Resolution on worldwide action on long-range transport of air pollution Resolution on worldwide action on long-range transport of air pollution
Catalyst for regional initiatives
ConclusionsConclusions
• Need for worldwide action on air pollution
• Regional approaches for capacity building
• Intergovernmental actors for cooperation
• Science/policy interface
• Driving forces
• Need for worldwide action on air pollution
• Regional approaches for capacity building
• Intergovernmental actors for cooperation
• Science/policy interface
• Driving forces