Bulletin PG 2015

COURSE OF STUDY

COURSE OF STUDY

2015-2016

Aerospace Engineering Department

M. Tech.

IIT Bombay

COURSE CURRICULUM

The M. Tech. programme in Aerospace Engineering has the following three specializations:

1. Aerodynamics (AE 1)2. Dynamics and Control (AE 2)3. Aerospace Propulsion (AE 3)4. Aerospace Structures (AE 4)

The course curriculum for the first two semesters of M. Tech programme is specific to each specialization, the details of which are given in the following pages. The third and fourth semesters are common to all specializations.

For each of the specializations, choose the electives as indicated below:

Choose at least THREE electives from the courses shown under the list of elective courses for the respective specializations. Choose not more than ONE elective from the courses outside the list of respective specializations but listed under any other specialization of the Aerospace Department (Note: List of additional electives is also applicable here). Choose ONE elective from within the department courses or from any other course within the Institute in consultation with the Faculty Adviser. (Note: None of the electives should be repeated).

2 - year M. Tech ProgrammeDepartment of Aerospace Engineering

Specializations: Aerodynamics, Dynamics and Control, Aerospace Propulsion, Aerospace Structures

CREDIT STRUCTURE

No. of CoursesTotal Credits

Sem. ISem. IISem. IIISem. IV

Core Courses3124

Electives2330

Institute Elective16

Laboratory Course14

Seminar14

R & D Project

Communication+2+ 2 + 4

Training (P/NP)

Course Total6 + 26(68+6) 74

ProjectI Stage@(48 credits)II Stage(42 credits)90

Total Credits34 (+6)344842158 (+6)

@Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

Specialization: Aerodynamics (AE 1)

First Semester

Course No.Course NameLTPC

AE 705Introduction to Flight2106

AE 707Aerodynamics of Aerospace Vehicles2106

AE 724Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics3006

AE 616Gas Dynamics3006

AE 611Aerodynamics Laboratory0044

HS 791Communication Skills1002*

AE 792Communication Skills0204*

Elective I3006

Total 5 Courses, 2 communication skills, 1 Laboratory30+6+4

*PP/NP course

Second Semester$


AE 694Seminar0004


Elective II3006

Elective III3006

Elective IV3006

Elective V3006

Total 5 Courses, 1 seminar30+4

$Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

List of Aerodynamics specialization electives (Check ASC website for current electives)

AE 617Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws

AE 622Computing of High Speed Flows

AE 624Hypersonic Flow Theory

AE 625Particle Methods for Fluid Flow Simulation

AE 639Continuum Mechanics

AE 647Introduction to Plasmas for Engineering

AE 651Aerodynamic Design of Compressors and Turbines

AE 664Lighter Than Air Systems

AE 678Aero-elasticity

AE 702Advanced Flight Dynamics

AE 706Computational Fluid Dynamics

AE 710Aeroacoustics

AE 714Aircraft Design

AE 717Aircraft Flight Dynamics

AE 719Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics

AE 722Grid Generation for Computational Mechanics

AE 725Air Transportation

AE 736Advanced Aero-elasticity

AE 771Matrix Computations

AE 774Special Topics in Aerodynamics and CFD

AE 775System Modeling, Dynamics and Control

AE 782Flow Control

ME 613Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods (not available with CE 620)

ME 619Experimental Methods in Thermal and Fluids Engineering

ME 651Fluid Dynamics

ME 653Boundary Layer Theory

ME 655Theory and Design of Fluid Machinery

ME 660Numerical Methods in Fluid Flow Problems

ME 664Advanced FEM and BEM

ME 701Optimization Methods in Engineering Design (not available with AE 755)

ME 704Computational Methods in Thermal and Fluid Engineering

CE 620Finite Element Methods (not available with ME 613)

CE 680Mechanics of Water Waves

CE 682FEM Applications to Flow Problems

Specialization: Dynamics and Control (AE 2)

First Semester



AE 695State Space Methods for Flight Vehicles3006

AE 775System Modelling, Dynamics and Control3006

AE 699Control Systems Laboratory0044



Elective I3006

Elective II3006


*PP/NP course

Second Semester$


AE 717Aircraft Flight Dynamics3006

AE 694Seminar0004


Elective III3006

Elective IV3006

Elective V3006



List of Dynamics and Control specialization electives (Check ASC website for current electives)

AE 641Introduction to Navigation and Guidance

AE 678Aeroelasticity

AE 690Control System Design Techniques

AE 702Advanced Flight Dynamics

AE 712Flight Dynamics and Control

AE 713Spaceflight Dynamics

AE 715Structural Dynamics

AE 755Optimization in Engineering Design

AE 773Applied Mechatronics

CL 653 /EE 638State Estimation Theory & Applications /Estimation and Identification

CL 692Digital Control

EE 622Optimal Control Systems

ME 670Nonlinear Systems Analysis and Control

ME 637Manufacturing Automation (in Lieu of AE 773)

NR 603Remote Sensing

NR 623GPS: Principles and Applications

SC 620Automation and Feedback Control

SC 621Quantitative Feedback Theory I

SC 623Optimal and Robust Control (in Lieu of AE 690)

SC 627Motion Planning & Coordination Among Autonomous Vehicles (in Lieu of AE 773

Specialization: Aerospace Propulsion (AE 3)

First Semester



AE 707Aerodynamics of Aerospace Vehicles2106

AE 711Aircraft Propulsion2106

AE 607Aerospace Propulsion Laboratory0044



Elective I3006

Elective II3006


*PP/NP course

Second Semester$


AE 708Aerospace Propulsion2106

AE 694Seminar0004


Elective III3006

Elective IV3006

Elective V3006



List of Aerospace Propulsion specialization electives (Check ASC website for current electives)

AE 616Gas Dynamics

AE 617Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws

AE 622Computation of High Speed Flows

AE 623Computing of Turbulent Flows

AE 624Hypersonic Flow Theory


AE 643Durability and Reliability Analysis in Design

AE 647Introduction to Plasmas for Engineering

AE 651Aerodynamic Design of Compressors and Turbines

AE 656Aviation Fuels and their Combustion

AE 658Design of Power Plants for Aircraft

AE 678Aeroelasticity

AE 706Computational Fluid Dynamics

AE 710Aeroacoustics

AE 719Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics

AE 724Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics

AE 726Heat Transfer - Aerospace Applications

AE 755Optimization for Engineering Design (not available with ME 701)

AE 780Computational Heat Transfer

AE 782Flow Control


ME 653Boundary Layer Theory

ME 660Numerical Methods in Fluid Flow Problems

ME 701Optimization Methods in Engineering Design (not available with AE 755)

ME 704Computational Methods in Thermal and Fluid Engineering

Specialization: Aerospace Structures (AE 4)

First Semester



AE 709Aerospace Structures2106

AE 715Structural Dynamics2106



Elective I3006

Elective II3006

Total 5 Courses, 2 communication skills30+6

*PP/NP course

Second Semester$


AE 678Aeroelasticity2106

AE 727Aircraft Structural Mechanics Laboratory0044

AE 694Seminar0004


Elective III3006

Elective IV3006

Elective V3006

Total 5 Courses, 1 seminar, 1 Laboratory30+4+4


List of Aerospace Structures specialization electives (Check ASC website for current electives)

AE 604Advanced Topics in Aerospace Structures


AE 673Fiber Reinforced Composites

AE 676Elastic Analysis of Plates and Laminates

AE 728Aircraft Production Technology

AE 730Experimental Methods in Structural Dynamics

AE 732Composite Structures Analysis and Design

AE 736Advanced Aeroelasticity

AE 755Optimization in Engineering Design

AE 771Matrix Computations

AE 775System Modeling, Dynamics and control

CE 615Structural Optimization

CE 619Structural Stability

CE 620Finite Element Methods (not available with ME 613)

ME 602Fatigue, Fracture, and Failure Analysis


ME 616Fracture Mechanics

Second Year (Common to all specializations)

Third Semester

Course No.Course NameCredits

AE 797I Stage Project#48

#Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

Fourth Semester

Course No.Course NameCredits

AE 798II Stage Project42

Total Credits for Project90

AEROSPACE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Course contents of the two-year M. Tech. Program

AE 604 Special Topics in Aerospace Structures 3-0-0-6 Prerequisites: Consent of the course coordinator

The course will cover some topics from the following list including some topics on recent developments in Aerospace Structures.Non-linear structural Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics, Structural stability, three-dimensional composites, Energy Methods, Random vibrations, Special Topics in Aero-elasticity, Smart Structures, Visco-elasticity, Plasticity, etc.The actual coverage will depend on the background of the students and the faculty available to cover the various areas.

AE 607 Aerospace Propulsion Laboratory0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Aerospace Propulsion courses.

AE 611 Aerodynamics Laboratory0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Aerodynamics courses.

AE 616 Gas Dynamics3-0-0-6

Basic equation of motion. Small perturbation methods in subsonic and supersonic flows. Similarity rules in high speed flows. Transonic flows. Normal and oblique shocks. Conical flow. Flow in ducts of variable cross section. Method of characteristics and design of supersonic nozzles. Viscous effects in compressible flow. Hypersonic flows.

Texts/References

1. H. W. Liepmann and A. Roshko, Elements of Gas Dynamics, John Wiley, 1958.A. H. Shapiro, Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow, Vol. I and II, Ronald Press Co., 1957

AE 617 Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws3-0-0-6

Scalar conservation laws. Burger's equation. Weak solutions, shocks, entropy conditions, linear hyperbolic systems, Linearization of nonlinear systems. Riemann problem, Hugoniot laws, rarefaction waves, integral curves, contact discontinuities, solution of Riemann problem for Euler equations. Numerical schemes for linear equations, CFL condition, upwind methods, conservative methods, Lax-wendroff theorem, Godunov's method, approximate Riemann solver, Roe's solver, High resolution methods TVD schemes, flux limiters, multidimensional upwinding.

Texts/References

1. Leveque, R. J., Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws, Birkhauser Verlag, 1990.2. Whitham, G., Linear and Nonlinear Waves, Wiley, 1974.3. Hirsch, C., Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, Vol. II, Wiley, 1988.

AE 622 Computing of High Speed Flows3-0-0-6

Review of basics: Gas dynamics, hypersonic flows, turbulence modeling, computation fluid dynamics.CFD topics: grid refinement and convergence, explicit and implicit time-integration, grid aspect ratio and stretching, flow initialization and development, boundary conditions.Research topics: Re-entry capsule; bow shock, stagnation region, heat transfer, chemical reactions; inlet and nozzle flows: laminar and turbulent boundary layer, turbulence models, show-turbulent layer, flow reattachment; base flows: pressure drag, wake flow, transition to turbulence; jet exhaust plumes: under and over-expanded jets; shock-shock interaction: classification based on shock patterns.

Texts/References

1. C. Hirsch, Numerical computation of internal and external flows, John Wiley, 1990.2. D. C. Wilcox, turbulence modeling for CFD, DCW Industries, 2000.3. J. D. Anderson, Hypersonics and high temperature gas dynamics, McGraw Hill, 1989.

AE 623 Computing of Turbulent Flows3-0-0-6

Basics fluid dynamic process: Convection, viscous diffusion, dissipation, heat conduction, conservation equations, tensor form, constitutive relations; Turbulent flows: examples, comparison with laminar flows mean properties and fluctuations, co-relations between fluctuations; Direct numerical simulation: grid resolution for a range of length scales, DNS result for turbulent statistics, DNS data used for model evaluation; Large eddy simulation: filtered conservation equations, subgrid scale stresses, SGS models, computational requirement; Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes simulation: temporal, spatial and ensemble averaging, Reynolds averaged conservation equations, flow processes: convection viscous diffusion, turbulent diffusion; Reynolds stress tensor: physical interpretation, closure problem, eddy viscosity model, non-linear models, model calibration; Turbulent kinetic energy: exact transport equation, modeled conservation equation, physical processes: production, dissipation, molecular and turbulent diffusion; Turbulent boundary layer: viscous sublayer, log layer and defect layer. Displacement and momentum thickness; Compressible free shear layers: convective March number, growth rate, compressibility corrections; Shock boundary layer interaction: turbulence amplification by shock, limitation of existing models shock unsteadiness effects, comparison with DNS, Applications: scramjet inlets, rocket nozzles, wing-body junctions.

Texts/References

1. White FM Viscous Fluid flow, 3rd edition, McGrave Hill, 20062. Pope S.B., Turbulent flows, Cambridge University Press, 20003. Tennekes H. and Lumley J.L, A first course in turbulence, the MIT Press Cambridge, 19734. Smith A.J. and Dussauge J.P., Turbulent shear layers in supersonic flow, 2nd edition, Springer, 20065. Gatski T.B. and Bonet J.P. Compressibility, turbulence and high speed flows, Elsevier, 2009

AE 624 Hypersonic Flow Theory3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 616

Characteristics of hypersonic flows, Basic hypersonic shock relation, Hypersonic similarity parameter, Hypersonic expansion wave relations, Newtonian flow, Modified Newtonian law, Centrifugal force corrections to Newtonian theory, Local surface inclination methods, Hypersonic inviscid flow fields: Governing equations, Mach number independence principle, Hypersonic small disturbance equations, Hypersonic similarity, Hypersonic equivalence principle and blast wave theory, Thin shock layer theory, Hypersonic transition, Hypersonic turbulent boundary layer, Hypersonic aerodynamic heating, Entropy layer effects in heating, Hypersonic viscous interactions, Strong and weak interactions, Shock wave-boundary layer interactions, Hypersonic experimental facilities.

Texts/References

1. J. D. Anderson, Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics, McGraw-Hill, 1989.2. J. J. Bertin, Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics, AIAA Education Series, 1994.

AE 625 Particle Methods for Fluid Flow Simulation3-0-0-6

The course elaborates particle methods with an emphasis on fluid flow simulation. The course broadly introduces the student to the vortex method, the method of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) and Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo (DSMC). The following topics will be covered. A brief introduction to vortex dynamics and the basic laws of vorticity. An introduction to inviscid vortex methods for 2D simulation with applications to a few sample problems including the numerical simulation of vortex sheet rollup. Brief introduction to panel methods and their applications in the context of vortex methods. An overview of various viscous vortex methods and their application in simulating 2D, incompressible, viscous fluid flow problems. Introduction to the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and other fast algorithms for particle simulation. 3D vortex methods: vortex filaments and vortex particles. Introduction to the method of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). Applications of the SPH. An introduction to the Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo method and its applications.

Texts/References

1. R. W. Hockney and J. W. Eastwood, Computer Simulation Using Particles, Taylor & Francis; New Ed edition, 1988.2. G.-H. Cottet and P. D. Koumoutsakos, Vortex methods: Theory and Practice, Cambridge University Press, 2000.3. G. R. Liu and M. B. Liu, Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: A Meshfree Particle method, World scientific, 2003.4. G. A. Bird, Molecular Gas Dynamics and the Direct Simulation of Gas Flows, Oxford University Press, 1994.

AE 639 Continuum Mechanics2-1-0-6

Continuum Mechanics: an introduction; Mathematical preliminaries: Vector space, Index notations, Tensor algebra, tensor calculus; Kinematics: motion of a body; referential and spatial descriptions, the deformation gradient, stretch strain and rotation, spin circulation and vorticity, deformation of volume area, discussion on frames of reference; Basic thermo-mechanical principles: conservation of mass, surface tractions, body forces and stress tensor, conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy, clausius duehm inequality; Constitutive relations: principle of material objectivity,thermoelastic materials: isotropic, transversely isotropic and orthotropic, Inviscid fluid, viscous fluids, typical boundary value problems: bending of beams, torsion of a circular cylinder, fluid flow: poiseuille flow and Couette flow.

Texts/References

1. Fung P.C. First course in continuum, mechanics, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 19772. W. Michael Lai, David Rubin and Erhard Krempl, introduction to continuum mechanics, Oxford: Pergamon Press, 19933. Morton E. Gurtin, introduction to continuum mechanics, Boston: Academic Press, 19814. A.J.M. Spencer, Ccontinuum mechanics, Courier Dover Publications, 2004.

AE 641 Introduction to Navigation and Guidance3-0-0-6

Introduction: Fundamentals of Navigation, Historical Perspective and Stellar Navigation ConceptBasic Navigation Strategies: Radio and Radar based Navigation Systems, Inertial Navigation System (INS)Modern Navigation Methods: Global Positioning System (GPS) based Navigational Aids, INS-GPS based Navigation and Other Specialized Navigation Systems, Comparison of the Various Navigational Aids, Case Studies on Navigation in Aircraft, Missiles, Launch Vehicles and Spacecraft. Concept of Guidance: Fundamentals of Guidance, Concepts of Intercept Geometry, Line of Sight and Collision TriangleBasic Guidance Strategies: Proportional Navigation & Guidance (PNG) and Determination of Miss Distance, Augmented PNG and its comparison with PNG.Advanced Guidance Methods: Command to LOS & Beam Rider Guidance, Pulsed and Lambert`s GuidanceSpecial Topics: Tactical Vs. Strategic Considerations in Guidance, Impact of Noise on Guidance, Target maneuver and Evasion, Case Studies on Guidance Methods in Aircraft, Missiles, Launch Vehicles and Spacecraft.

Texts/References

1. Anderson, E.W., 'The Principles of Navigation', Hollis & Carter, London, 1966.2. Kayton, M., 'Navigation: Land, Sea, Air, Space', IEEE Press, 1990.3. Parkinson, B.E. & Spilker, J. J., 'Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications', Vol.1, Progress In Aeronautics and Astronautics Series, Vol.163, AIAA Publication, 1996.4. Zarchan, P., 'Tactical & Strategic Missile Guidance', Progress In Aeronautics and Astronautics Series Series, 3rd Ed., Vol. 176, AIAA Publication, 1997.5. Biezad, D.J., 'Integrated Navigation and Guidance Systems', AIAA Education Series, AIAA Publication, 1999.6. Farrell, J.L, 'Integrated Aircraft Navigation', Academic Press, 1976.7. Misra, P. and Enge, P., 'Global Positioning System', 2nd Ed., Ganga-Jamuna Press, 2001.

AE 643 Durability and Reliability Analysis in Design3-0-0-6

Fatigue and fracture considerations in design and lifing of components. Durability of materials and components at elevated temperatures. Material characterization for fatigue, fracture, creep-rupture and application of failure models in design. Wear aspect of mechanical design. Reliability consideration in design of components and systems. Introduction to probabilistic design methodology. Strength based and time dependent reliability evaluation.

Texts/References

1. Bannantine J.A., Comer J.J., Handrock J.L., Fundamentals of Metal Fatigue Analysis, Prentice Hall Inc. 19902. Rao S.S. , Reliability Based Design, McGraw Hill Inc., 19923. A. Mubeen, Machine Design, Khanna Publishers, 1998

AE 647 Introduction to plasmas for engineering3-0-0-6

Introduction, Background, Plasma definition, parameters, Collisions, Quasi-neutrality, Debye-shielding, Magnetization, Generation of plasmasReview of Thermodynamics and Electrodynamics: Continuum, Phase space & Configuration space, Kinetic& Fluid equations, Collisions, Transport Coefficients, Temperature, Specific Heat, Entropy, Behaviour of gases at high temperatures, Ionization (collisions/external fields), Maxwell Equations, Lorentz Force, Charged particle drifts under EM fields, collisions, mean free pathPlasma Fluid Theory: Governing Equations, Partially ionized gases, Plasma sheath/Plasma material boundary, Modelling for computationsIdeal MHD: Magnetic tension and pressure, Equilibrium, Flux freezing, Waves, Shocks, Plasma thrustersNon-ideal MHD: Resistivity, Ohm's Law, Internal & External flows: Duct/Channel flows and Boundary layers, Plasma actuators for flow controlSpace Plasmas: Stellar plasma, Solar wind and Earth's outer atmosphere, Solar weather and spacecrafts

Texts/References

1. Piel, A., Plasma physics, Springer, 1st Edition, 20102. Sutton, G. W., and Sherman, A., Engineering Magnetohydrodynamics, Dover Publications, 20063. Kivelson, M. G., and Russell, C. T. (Ed.),Introduction to Space Physics, Cambridge University Press, 1997

AE 651 Aerodynamic Design of Compressors and Turbines 3-0-0-6

Axial Flow Compressor: Work done, Pressure-rise, Losses and efficiency, The blade shape, stagger and solidity; Incidence and deviation angles; Transonic/Supersonic blades - shock structures; Blade design on a meridional plane; Vortex Laws - radial distribution; Blade element method of design of stage; Characteristic plots; Multistaging and Matching of stages. Centrifugal Compressor: Flow pattern in Impellers; work done, losses and efficiency; Slip factor and degree of reaction; Design choices for impeller vanes: Backward, Forward curved and Radial; Vaned / Vaneless Diffuser, Axial Flow Turbine: Work extraction; Loading limits, Stator and Rotor - subsonic and supersonic profiles; Reaction and radial variation; Blade cooling techniques; Blade element method of design of stage; Radial Flow Turbine: Work done in impeller; Loading - temperature limits; Losses and efficiency. Texts/References 1. N. A. Cumpsty, Compressor Aerodynamics, 19892. J. H. Horlock, Axial Flow Turbine, 19683. Gas Turbine Engine Design: (with Video Cassette) - ASME/IGTI, 1989 AE 656 Aviation Fuels and their Combustion 3-0-0-6 Introduction, Various fuels, solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, Aviation fuels requirements and specifications. Chemical thermo dynamics, Laws of thermodynamics applied to reacting systems. Equilibrium composition, Adiabatic flame temperature.Chemical kinetics, Reaction rates, Gas phase reactions, Surface reactions. Combustion : Premixed and diffusion flames, Laminar and turbulent flames, Flame velocities, Flame propagation theories, Diffusion flame, Droplet Combustion. Application to gas turbine combustor and rocket engine. Text/References 1. K.K. Kuo, Principles of Combustion, Wiley International, 1986.2. S.P. Sharma and C. Mohan, Fuels and Combustion, Tata McGraw Hill, 1984.3. F.A. Williams, Combustion Theory, John Wiley, 19654. A.G. Gaydon and Wolthart, Flames, Chapman Hall, 1979

AE 658 Design of Powerplants for Aircraft 3-0-0-6


Preliminary cycle optimization. Design requirements and specifications. Matching of powerplant components. Propellers : elements of propellers, representative blade element theory, vortex theory, momentum theory, propeller characteristics, performance graphs, propeller design criteria. Propo-fans. Intakes, Various intake configurations, intake design criteria, intake flow analysis. Exhaust nozzles, various nozzle configurations, Convergent - Divergent nozzles, Critical, supercritical and Subcritical operations, variable geometry nozzle, vectored thrust nozzle, future propulsion systems for passenger aircraft and military aircraft. Powerplant component testing, engine testing and performance evaluation.

Texts/References

1. D. O. Dommasch, S. S. Sherby and T. L. Connolly, Airplane Aerodynamics, Pitman 19672. J. Seddon and E. L.Goldsmith, Intake Aerodynamics, Collins, 19853. J. Chauvin, Supersonic Turbojet Propulsion Systems and Components, AGARDO Graph-120, 1969

AE 664 Lighter Than Air Systems3-0-0-6

Introduction to LTA Systems, Historical Perspectives, Principles of Aerostatics, Airship Structures and Envelope Materials, Propulsion, Aerodynamics and Stability analysis of airships, Determination of baseline specifications of airships, Ground handling of Airships, Case studies on airship operations, Design and development of remotely controlled airships, Introduction to Aerostats, Methodology for Aerostat Sizing, Equilibrium and Stability analysis of aerostats, Aerostat envelope shape optimization, Unconventional Aerostats,Applications of Aerostats, Hybrid LTA systems, Stratospheric Airships, Current trends and recent developments

Texts/References

1. Pant, R.S., Course Material for Design and Development of LTA systems, Curriculum Development Program, IIT Bombay, 2010.2. Khoury, G., Ed., Airship Technology, 2nd Edition, Cambridge Aerospace Series, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1107019706, 2012.

AE 673 Fiber Reinforced Composites 3-0-0-6 Polymer matrix composites in aerospace structures. Fibers and polymeric matrix materials. Fabrication processes. Introduction to anisotropic elasticity. Unidirectional composites. Micromechanics Interfaces and interphases in polymer composites. Laminates and lamination theory. Damage characteristics of laminated composites. Delamination in composites. Interlaminar stresses and free edge effects. Hygrothermal stresses in composites Short fiber composites. Experimental characterization of composites. Introduction to metal matrix, ceramic matrix and carbon-carbon composites. Laminated plates under lateral load. Transverse shear effects. Texts/References

1. R.F. Gibson, Principles of Composite Material Mechanics, McGraw- Hill, 1994.2. I.M. Daniel and O. Ishai, Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials, Oxford University Press, 1994.3. G. Lubin, Handbook of Composites, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1982.

AE 676 Elastic Analysis of Plates and Laminates 3-0-0-6 Assumptions of Love-Kirchoff thin plate theory, governing equation and boundary conditions of thin plates; Rectangular plates with various boundary conditions; Navier's and Levy's solutions; Bending of circular and annular plates. Plates under combined action of lateral and in-plane loads. Classical laminated plate theory for anisotropic laminated plates.

Texts/References

1. S. P. Timoshenko and S. Woinowsky-Krieger, Theory of Plates and Shells, 2nd ed, McGraw-Hill.

AE 678 Aeroelasticity 3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 715 Introduction to static and dynamic aeroelastic phenomena. Divergence of a lifting surface, two-dimensional and three-dimensional analysis. Analysis of divergence, aeroelastic loads of tapered and swept wings. Loss and reversal of control two and three dimensional analysis. Assumed modes and matrix formulations. Aeroelastic efficiency and flexible aerodynamic derivatives. Fundamentals of flutter analysis. Quasi-steady and unsteady aerodynamic forces on airfoils. Two-dimension and three-dimensional flutter analysis - modal formulation, generalised unsteady airloads. Flutter of tapered and swept cantilever wings. Flutter computation methods. Buffeting and stall flutter. Galloping and Vortex-induced vibrations of structures. Aeroelastic testing techniques.

Texts/References 1. Y.C. Fung, An Introduction to the Theory of Aeroelasticity, Dover, 1969 2. B.L. Bisplinghoff, H. Ashley and R.L. Halfman, Aeroelasticity, Addison-Wesley, 1972.3. C.H. Scanlan and R. Rosenbaum, Aircraft Vibration Flutter, Dover, 1968.4. E.H. Dowell, A modern course in aeroelasticity, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994 AE 690 Control System Design Techniques 3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 695 or equivalent Introduction: Design problem definition, selection of design specifications and basic design objectives, review of PID controller and lag-lead design methodologies, linear state feedback control review.2-DOF PID Controllers: Concept of PI-D and I-PD forms, two-loop and 2-DOF generalization of PID controllers, feed-forward control option, multi-loop structures, zero placement technique for 2-DOF PID design. Non-unity Feedback Control: Feedback path control concept, rate and acceleration feedback based design methodology, role of sensors and filters in feedback path.Optimal & Robust Classical Design: Performance parameter based optimal design solutions, integrated error based optimal controllers, concept of close loop robustness and sensitivity analysis, uncertainty models and Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) for robust design.Classical Control of Non-linear Systems: Types of non-linear behaviour and their classification, gain scheduled controllers, concept of describing function for modelling non-linear behaviour.Discrete Domain Control Design: Discrete representation of signals and systems, concept of z domain and z transform, discrete system response attributes and control design strategies.State Estimators & Filters: State estimation in noisy environment, recursive least-squares filters, Kalman filter in continuous and discrete domains.Optimal & Robust State Feedback Control: The separation principle, Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG), optimal tracking control design, design for discrete time systems, H norm based robust control design.Non-linear & MIMO Systems: Feedback linearization & non-linear dynamic inversion (NDI) based techniques, concept of MIMO control, eigenspace assignment technique for linear systems.

Texts/References 1. Dazzo, J.J. & Houpius, C.H., Feedback Control System Analysis & Synthesis, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, NY, 1966. 2. Kwakernaak, H. and Sivan, R., Linear Optimal Control Systems, Wiley Interscience, 1972. 3. Friedland, B. Control System Design: An Introduction to State-space Methods, McGraw-Hill, NY, 1986.4. Wolovich, W.A., Automatic Control Systems: Basic Analysis and Design, Saunders College Publishing, 1994.5. Dazzo, J.J. & Houpius, C.H., Linear Control System Analysis & Design: Conventional and Modern, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995. 6. Friedland, B., Advanced Control System Design, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1996.7. Zarchan, P. and Musoff, H., Fundamentals of Kalman Filtering: A Practical Approach, 2nd Ed., Progress in Aerospace Sciences Vol. 208, AIAA, 2005

AE 695 State-space Methods for Flight Vehicles 3-0-0-6

Introduction: Time domain representation of dynamical systems, basics of time response of higher order linear systems, algebraic perspective for dynamical system response.Vector Algebra: Vector spaces, concept of linear independence, basis vectors and dimension, linear transformations.Solution Spaces: solution of linear algebraic systems, concept of kernel and image spaces, concept of eigenvalues, eigenvectors and eigenspace.System Forms: Diagonal and Jordan forms, characteristic equation, operator form of linear dynamical systems, analytic functions of square matrices and Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Basics of State-space: Dynamical system response in a vector space, representation of linear dynamical systems in the state-space, various canonical forms. System Solution Space: Concept of fundamental matrix and state transition matrix, solution of homogeneous and non-homogeneous systems, evaluation of matrix exponential.Stability Analysis: Energy based stability hypothesis, Lyapunovs theorem of stability, concept of phase plane and state-trajectory based stability analysis.Control Concepts: Controllability of dynamical systems, regulator problem and full state feedback control structure, pole placement design technique, tracking control structures, optimal control system using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), output feedback control concept.State Observers: Concept of observability and its role in control, full and reduced order observers, observer controllers.

Texts/References

1. Ogata, K., State Space Analysis of Control Systems, Prentice Hall, USA, 1967.2. Kailath, T., Linear Systems, Englewood Cliff: Prentice Hall, 1980.3. Friedland, B. Control System Design: An Introduction to State-space Methods, McGraw-Hill,New York, 1986.4. Blakelock, J.H., Automatic Control of Aircraft & Missiles, 2nd Ed., 1991.5. Bryson, A.E., Control of Spacecraft and Aircraft, Princeton University Press, 1994.6. Dazzo, J.J. & Houpis, C.H., Linear Control System Analysis & Design: Conventional and Modern, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995. 7. Etkin, B., Dynamics of Flight: Stability and Control, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1996.8. Ogata, K., Modern Control Engineering, 5th Ed., Prentice Hall India, 2010.

AE 699 Control Systems Laboratory0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Dynamics and Controls courses.

AE 702 Advanced Flight Dynamics 3-0-0-6

Introduction to nonlinear dynamics, bifurcation theory and continuation methods. Problem of inertia coupling in rapid rolls and its solution. Flight dynamics at high angles of attack, Normal and large-amplitude wing rock. Wing rock of delta wings, Topological methods. Nonlinear dynamics of missiles and projectiles, Roll lock-in, Catastrophic yaw. Texts/References

1. Hancock, G.L., An Introduction to the Flight Dynamics of Rigid Airplanes, Ellis Horwood, 1995. AE 705 Introduction to Flight 2-1-0-6

Nomenclature of aircraft components. Standard atmosphere. Basic aerodynamics: Streamlines, steady fluid motion, incompressible flow, Bernoulli's equation, Mach number,Pressure and airspeed measurement, Boundary layer, Reynolds number, Laminar and Turbulent flow. Airfoils and Wings: Pressure coefficient and lift calculation, Critical Mach number, Wave drag, Finite wings, Induced drag, Swept wings, Aircraft Performance: Steady level flight, Altitude effects, Absolute ceiling, Steady climbing flight, Energy methods, Range and Endurance, Sustained level turn, Pull-up, V-n diagram, Take off and landing. Longitudinal static stability and control, Neutral point. Texts/References 1. Anderson, J.D., Introduction to Flight, McGraw Hill 1989. 2. Hale, J.F., Introduction to Aircraft Performance, Selection and Design, John Wiley, 1984.3. Barnard, R.H., and Philpot, D.R., Aircraft Flight, Longman, 1989.

AE 706 Computational Fluid Dynamics 2-1-0-6 Basic equations of fluid dynamics and levels of approximation. Mathematical nature of the flow equations and their boundary conditions. Grids and transformations. Basic discretization techniques applied to model equations and system of equations: finite difference, finite volume and finite element methods. Analysis of numerical schemes: concept of consistency, stability and convergence. Error and stability analysis. Some applications.

Texts/References 1. Hirsch, C., Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, Vol. I, John Wiley, 1990.2. Anderson, J.D., Computional Fluid Dynamics, McGraw Hill, 1995.3. Anderson, D.A., Tannehill, J.C., and Pletcher, R.H., Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, 1984.

AE 707 Aerodynamics of Aerospace Vehicles 2-1-0-6 Potential flow, Circulation and lift generation, Kutta condition. Thin airfoil theory, Source, Vortex and doublet panel methods. Subsonic compressible flow over airfoils, Prandtl- Glauert Compressibility correction. Supersonic flow over airfoils, Ackeret Theory. Oblique shocks and expansion waves, shock expansion method. Potential flow over finite wings, lifting-line theory, Vortex lattice method. Supersonic flow over finite wings, subsonic/supersonic leading edge. Linearized theory, Supersonic vortex lattice method. Slender Body Theory: Introduction to Transonic flows, Conical flows, Hypersonic flow and high-temperature flows. Texts/References

1. J. D. Anderson, Fundamentals of Aerodynamics, McGraw Hill, 1991.2. J. J. Bertin & M. C. Smith, Aerodynamics for Engineers, Prentice Hall, 1989.3. A. M. Kuethe & C. Chow, Foundations of Aerodynamics, John Wiley, 1986.4. H. Ashley & M. T. Landahl, Aerodynamics of Wings and Bodies, Addison Wesley, 1965.

AE 708 Aerospace Propulsion 2-1-0-6

Introduction, Various propulsive devices used for aerospace applications, Classifications of rockets: Electrical, Nuclear and Chemical rockets, Applications of rockets. Nozzle design: Flow through nozzle, Real nozzle, Equilibrium and frozen flow, Adaptive and non adaptive nozzles, Thrust vector controls, Rocket performance parameters. Solid propellant rockets, Grain compositions, Design of Grain. Liquid propellant rockets, Injector design, cooling systems, Feed Systems: Pressure feed and turbo-pump feed system. Heat transfer problems in rocket engines. Texts/References 1. G.C. Oates, Aerothermodynamics of Gas Turbine and Rocket Propulsion, AIAA, 1988.2. S. M. Barrere et al, Rocket Propulsion, Elsevier, London, 1956.3. S.P. Sutton, Rocket Propulsion Elements, John Wiley, 1954

AE 709 Aerospace Structures 2-1-0-6

Thin-walled stiffened structures in aerospace vehicles, basic components and assemblages. General formulation for thin-walled beams. Bending and torsion of thin-walled beams of arbitrary closed and open cross-sections, shear flow and shear center calculations for general cross-sections, warpless cross-sections. Bending and torsion of multi-cell thin-walled beams - warping, shear flow and shear centre, stresses in thin walled beams of variable depth, effect of taper. Effect of warp restraint in thin-walled beams, axial constraint stresses, effect of warp restraint in open section beams. Buckling of thin walled beams, torsional instability, introduction to the instability of flat sheets, local buckling of composite shapes, buckling of stiffened sheets, effective width concept, design charts and formulae. Diagonal tension and semi-tension field beams.

Texts/References

1. T. H. G. Megson, "Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students", 2nd ed. Edward Arnold, London, 1990.2. E. F. Bruhn, "Analysis and Design of Flight Vehicle Structures", Tri-State Offset Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A., 1965.3. D. Williams, "Introduction to the Theory of Aircraft Structures", Edward Arnold, London, 1960.4. B. E. Gatewood, "Virtual Principles in Aircraft Structures", Vol.1 & 2, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1989.

AE 710 Aeroacoustics3-0-0-6

Introduction: Background and definition of aeroacoustics; Linearity of acoustics Aspects of classical acoustic theory: Governing equations for 1-D acoustics; Governing equations for 3-D acoustics; 1-D and spherically-symmetric acoustics in a medium at rest; Kovasznays decomposition of linearized fluid fluctuations; Elements of solutions of Helmholtz equation Acoustic fluctuations in non-uniform media (sheared flows)Sources of aeroacoustic sound and their resultant fields: Non-uniqueness of source identified from measured sound field; Sound field of oscillating spheres (as elemental sources); Introduction to generalized functions and Greens theory for solution of partial differential equations as required in acoustics; Sound field due to monopole, dipole and quadrupole sources, their importance, and their relation with oscillating spheres; Analysis of sound due to moving sources; Reciprocal theorem in linear acoustics Kirchhoffs formula of linear acoustics in the presence of surfacesLighthills theory and application to jet noiseFfowcs-Williams and Hawkings formulation of nonlinear acoustics in the presence of surfaces Scattering of sound at an edge, as applicable to airfoil noiseStudy of current literature on various topics of aeroacoustics

Texts/References

1. Goldstein, M. E., Aeroacoustics, McGraw-Hill, 19762. Crighton, D. G., Basic principles of aerodynamic noise generation, Prog. Aerospace Sci., 16(1), 1975 pp. 31-963. Dowling, A. P. and Ffowcs-Williams, J. E., Sound and sources of sound, Ellis Horwood Publishers, 1983

AE 711 Aircraft Propulsion 2-1-0-6

Introduction to various aircraft propulsive devices: Piston-prop, Turbo-prop,Turbojet, Turbofan, Turboshaft, Ramjet,Vectored- thrust, Lift engines. Gas Turbine Cycles and cycle based performance analysis; 1-D and 2-D analyis of flow through gas turbine components - Intake, Compressors, Turbines, Combustion Chamber, Afterburner, and Nozzle. Compressor and Turbine blade shapes ; cascade theory; radial equilibrium theory ; matching of compressor and Turbine. Turbine cooling. Single spool and Multi- spool engines. Powerplant performance with varying speed and altitude.

Texts/References

1. Cohen, Rogers, and Saravanamuttoo, Gas Turbine Theory, Longman, 1987.2. G.C. Oates (ed), Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components, AIAA, 1985.

AE 712 Flight Dynamics and Control 3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 717 (or AE 305), AE 775 (or AE 308), AE 690, AE 695Note: Students need background covered in all the above courses. Requirements can be waived in exceptional cases. Background deemed to have been acquired as a benchmark. Registration to be permitted only with instructors consent.

Introduction. Review of aircraft flight dynamics, nonlinear / linearized equations of motion and various longitudinal and lateral modes, salient features of the open loop dynamic response to standard flight control inputs, effects of high roll rates, inertia cross-coupling and structural flexibility on aircraft flight dynamics, human pilot dynamic modelling, dynamic equations for a round earth, aerodynamic effects of rotational and unsteady motion, flight at high angles of attack.Aircraft missions. Flight envelope as a mission statement, effect of flight conditions on linearized aircraft dynamic models, flying (or handling) quality requirements and the design objectives for the flight control systems. Classical control systems. Stability augmentation systems, longitudinal and lateral autopilots e.g. displacement autopilot, pitch attitude controller, altitude and glide path hold controllers including instrument landing system, speed hold autopilot, yaw damper and roll control systems, automatic flare controller using model following, dutch roll damping augmentation, turn compensation & automatic lateral beam guidance system, gust response alleviation system.State space based control systems. Eigen structure assignment based longitudinal pitch controller, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based lateral control systems, normal acceleration based stability augmentation system, LQR based pitch rate controller, yaw orientation controller incorporating servo dynamics, design of lateral autopilots under physical constraints, Controllers for noisy & uncertain aircraft dynamics. Robust pitch rate controllers to handle wind gust and unmodelled dynamics, Kalman filter based angle of attack estimation under gust noise, linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) and loop transfer recovery (LTR) based lateral controllers, digital implementation of pitch rate controller, actuator saturation and anti-windup controller.Case studies. Typical control law designs for civilian, military and unmanned aircraft.

Texts/References

1. McLean, D., Automatic Flight Control Systems, Prentice Hall, 1990.2. Blakelok, J.H., Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles, Wiley- Interscience, 1991.3. Stevens, B.L. and Lewis, F.L, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley, 1992.4. Hancock, G.L., An Introduction to the Flight Dynamics of Rigid Airplanes, Ellis Horwood, 1995.5. Etkin, B. and Reid, L.D., Dynamics of Flight Stability and Control, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 1996.6. Nelson, R.C., Flight Stability and Automatic Control, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, 1998. 7. Zipfel, P.H., Modeling and Simulation of Aerospace Vehicle Dynamics, AIAA Education Series, 20008. Stengel, R.S., Flight Dynamics, Princeton University Press, 2004; Overseas Press, New Delhi, 2009

AE 713 Spaceflight Dynamics 3-0-0-6 Introduction: Space missions and role of launch vehicles and spacecraft, Historical Perspective.Ascent Mission: Ascent mission objectives, mathematical models governing ascent mission, rectilinear and gravity turn ascent trajectories, effect of aerodynamic drag and gravity on ascent mission performance.Multi-stage Launch Vehicles: Concept of multi-staging, staging solution sensitivity analysis, series and parallel staging configurations, optimal staging solutions. Launch Vehicle Attitude Motion: Short period attitude motion models, nature of attitude response to atmospheric disturbances.Basic Orbital Solution: Two-body Problem solution, Keppler`s laws & equation, classical orbital elements, orbit determination from initial conditions, position and velocity prediction from orbital elements, different types of orbits, perturbation due to earth oblateness and solar radiation pressure, non-Keplerian formulation and restricted 3-body problem, sphere of activity & Roche limit.Satellite Operations: Orbit raising manoeuvre, Hohmann and low thrust transfer manoeuvres, orbit inclination change maneuver, orbit perigee change manoeuvre, launch to orbit and docking manoeuvres, launch window concept. Spacecraft Motion: Interplanetary motion basics, departure and arrival solutions, planetary transfers, gravity assist trajectories. Descent Mission: Orbit decay solution, concept of re-entry mission, ballistic and other reentry mechanisms.Spacecraft Attitude Motion: Torque-free motion models, effect of energy dissipation on stability of rotational motion, overview of actuation mechanisms for attitude control.

Texts/References 1. Cornelisse, J.W., Schoyer, H.F.R. and Wakker, K.F., Rocket Propulsion and Spaceflight Dynamics, Pitman, London, 1979.2. Thompson, W. T., Introduction to Space Dynamics, Dover Publications, New York, 1986. 3. Pisacane, V.L. and Moore, R.C., Fundamentals of Space Systems, Oxford University Press, 1994.4. Wiesel, W. E., Spaceflight Dynamics, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 1997. 5. Wie, B., Space Vehicle Dynamics and Control, AIAA Education Series, 1998.6. Meyers, R.X., Elements of Space Technology for Aerospace Engineers, Academic Press, 1999.

AE 714 Aircraft Design 2-1-0-6

Types of Aerial vehicles, their basic principles, advantages, disadvantages, limitations. Product/system design process. Formulation of problem-objective function, constraints. Solutions. Aircraft project phases. Configuration: Types and comparison of Wing, Tail, Fuselage, Landing Gear, Wing-Tail combinations, Powerplant (types, numbers, locations). Estimation of C, Field length, Allowable CG range, Thrust vs speed and Altitude for propeller and Jet. Estimation of Preliminary weight, Acquisition cost. Operating cost. Rubber Engine Sizing: Fixed engine sizing: Detailed weights, detailed geometry, etc. Detailed design: V-n diagram, design loads, structural layout. Introduction to advanced concepts in aircraft design. Texts/References 1. D.P. Raymer, Aircraft Design - A Conceptual Approach, AIAA Educational Series, 1990.2. E. Torenbeek, Synthesis of Subsonic Airplane Design, Delft University Press, 1977. AE 715 Structural Dynamics 2-1-0-6

Elements of analytical dynamics, generalised coordinates, Principle of Virtual Work, Hamilton's principle, Lagrange's equations, applications.Discrete systems with multiple degrees of freedom, elastic and inertia coupling, natural frequencies and modes, free vibration response, orthogonality of natural modes, modal analysis, forced vibration response, special and general cases of damping, matrix formulations, solution of the eigen value problem.Vibration of continuous systems, differential equations and boundary conditions, longitudinal, flexural and torsional vibrations of one-dimensional structures, approximate methods-Ritz series, assumed modes, Galerkin and integral formulations, vibration analysis of simplified aircraft and launch vehicle structures, structural damping, free and forced response of continous systems, modal truncation. Special formulations for large systems.

Texts/References

1. L.Meirovitch, "Elements of Vibration Analysis", 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 19882. W.Weaver, S.P.Timoshenko and D.H. Young, Vibration Problems in Engineering, 5th ed., John-Wiley & Sons, 1990.3. L.Meirovitch, Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics, Sitjhoff & Noordhoff, 19804. R.W. Clough and Joseph Penzien, Dynamics of Structures, McGraw-Hill, 1975.5. R.L.Bisplinghoff, H. Ashley and R.L. Halfman, Aeroelasticity, Addison-Wesley, 1965.

AE 717 Aircraft Flight Dynamics 3-0-0-6 Prerequisites: AE 705

Frames of reference. Inertial frame, body frame. Definitions of and . Wind axes. Notation and sign convention for forces, moments and motion variables. Non-dimensional parameters stability derivatives. Control surfaces and control derivatives. Dynamic derivatives. Equations of motion of rigid body. Euler angles & Quaternions. Aircraft dynamics. Equations in wind axes. Aerodynamic, propulsive, gravity forces and moments for an aircraft. 12th non-linear ODEs. 9th order ODEs with decoupling of and X, Y. 8th order ODEs with decoupling of Z for small excursions in Z (change in neglected). Simulations. Trim analysis given equilibrium states determine control input and vice-versa. Stability analysis. Linearization with respect to equilibrium. Decoupling into 4th order Longitudinal and 4th order Lateral / Directional dynamics. Longitudinal dynamics. Mode shapes. Short period and phugoid frequency and damping, time to double/half. Lateral / Directional dynamics. Mode shapes. Dutch roll, roll subsidence & spiral mode frequency and damping, time to double/half. Effect of winds. Gust response.

Texts/References

1. Roskam, J., Flight Dynamics of Rigid and Elastic Airplanes, University of Kansas Press, 1972. 2. Etkin, B., Dynamics of Atmospheric Flight, John Wiley, 1972.3. Stevens, B.L. and Lewis, F.L, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley, 1992.4. Etkin, B. and Reid, L.D., Dynamics of Flight Stability and Control, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 1996.5. Nelson, R.C., Flight Stability and Automatic Control, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, 1998. 6. Stengel, R.S., Flight Dynamics, Princeton University Press, 2004; Overseas Press, New Delhi, 2009.

AE 719 Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics 3-0-0-6

Formulations of Euler equations. Discretization methods for Euler equations. High resolution schemes and TVD. Properties of Navier-Stokes equations. Discretization of NS equations. Boundary conditions. Convergence acceleration techniques. Texts/References 1. Hirsch, C., Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, John Wiley, 1990.2. Leveque, R.J., Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws, Birkhauser Verlag, 1990.3. Anderson, D.A., Tannehill, J.C. and Pletcher, R.H., Computational Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, 1984. AE 722 Grid Generation for Computational Mechanics 3-0-0-6 Structured Grid, Methods of generating structured grids, Multiblock Strategies and Interface Treatment and their merits and demerits, Unstructured Grids, Merits/Demerit over structured grids, Methods of Unstructured Grid Generation Use of Background Meshes, Adaptive Grids, Grid quality and Dynamic griding, Auto Blocking Techniques, CAGD Techniques in Grid Generation, Grid Generation Software, Applications of Unstructured and Hybrid Grids and Multi Block Structured Grids. Texts/ References

1. P.L. George, Automatic mesh generation applications to finite element methods, John Wiley, 1991.

AE 724 Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics 3-0-0-6 Physical laws of Fluid Mechanics, Similarity analysis, inviscid incompressible flows, inviscid compressible flows, Viscous flows, Various measurable quantities. Flow facilities: Various types of Wind Tunnels, Water Tunnels, Towing Tank. Measurement of mean and fluctuating pressures: Various types of probes, Manometers, Transducers. Measurement of Temperature: Thermocouples, Measurement of Velocity: Mean velocity, Turbulence, Hot Wire Anemometer, LDV, PIV. Measurement of Skin Friction: Balance, Preston Tube; Unsteady Flow Measurements: Conditional sampling technique for periodic flows. Calibration: Primary calibrators and traceability. Data analysis: Precision, accuracy, error.

Texts/References

1. R.J. Goldstom (ed.), Fluid Mechanics Measurements, Hemisphere Publishing, 1983.

AE 725 Air Transportation 3-0-0-6

Historical development and nature of Civil Aviation. Aviation organisations and their functions. Air-Transport regulations.The Airline industry. Airline economics and planning; Operating costs and revenue; Fleet planning and route development; Aircraft operations and performance. Aircraft Systems. Introduction to ATC and Avionics, Aircraft characteristics related to Airport Design, Airport Layout and Configuration, Geometric design of the airfield, Airport Costing and Financing, Cost-benefit analysis of Airport development.Impact of Airline deregulation on the airline industry. Air-transport in developing countries, Modern trends and current issues in Air transportation.

Texts/References

1. Naval Taneja, Introduction to Civil Aviation, 2nd ed. Lexington Books, 1988.2. William E.O' Conner, An Introduction to Airline Economics, Praeger Publishers, New York, 19953. R. Wilkinson, Aircraft Structures and Systems, Addison Wesley Longman, 19964. Robert Horonjeff and Francis, X. McKelvey Planning and Design of Airports, 4th ed. McGraw Hill, 1994.5. Norman Ashford, Clifton Moore, Airport Finance, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992.6. George Williams, The Airline Industry and the impact of Deregulation, 2nd ed, Avebury Aviation, 1994.

AE 726 Heat Transfer - Aerospace Applications 3-0-0-6

Introduction, Modes of Heat transfer and basic equations. Conduction: Simple steady and unsteady conduction, applications. Convection: Natural and forced convection, applications. Radiation : Stefan - Boltzmann Law, Planck's law, Absorptivity, Emmissivity shape factor, applications. Aerospace applications: Turbine blade cooling, Disk cooling, Combustion Chamber Cooling, Rocket Engine cooling systems - regeneratively cooled, dump cooling, ablation cooling, Radiation shield.

Texts/References 1. J.P. Holman, Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, 7th Edition, 1992 2. S.P. Sukhatme, A Textbook on Heat Transfer, Orient Longman, 1979.

AE 727 Aircraft Structural Mechanics Laboratory 0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Aerospace structures courses. AE 728 Aircraft Production Technology 3-0-0-6

Special features of aircraft production. Aircraft assembly techniques.Design and manufacture of tooling. Assembly jigs and fixtures. Master tooling. Assembly of riveted, welded and adhesive bonded sub-assemblies. Detachable joints. Installation processes. Assembly of aircraft sections and units.Equipping and final assembly. Inspection and testing. Coordination of master, manufacturing and assembly tooling.Plastics for tooling. Fabrication and assembly of polymer composite structures. Machining, joining and repair of composites. Process modeling and optimization. Quality and reliability of an aircraft. Estimating and planning of production. CAD/CAM. Texts/References

1. S.C. Keshu and K.K. Ganapathi, Aircraft Production, Interline Publishing, 1993.2. F.L. Mathews (ed), Joining Fiber Reinforced Plastics, Elsevier, 1987.3. M.M. Schwartz (ed), Composite Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1992.

AE 730 Experimental Methods in Structural Dynamics 3-0-0-6 Prerequisites: AE 715

Basics of vibration measurements - Terminology and parameters, types of vibration and its quantification, basic considerations in experimentation. Vibration measurement equipment and signal analysers - types of transducers, signal conditioning, measuring techniques and instruments, frequency analysis - DFT and FFT, digital signal processing considerations.Experimental modal analysis - mathematical models, FRF and its forms, modal analysis theory, experimental methods, excitation techniques, single and multiple exciter techniques, shaker systems, modal parameter extraction techniques, SDOF and MDOF methods in frequency and time domain. Automatic force appropriation techniques. Ground resonance testing of Aircraft. Introduction to aircraft servo-elastic testing.

Texts/References

1. Harris C.M., "Shock and Vibration Handbook", 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, N.Y., 1988.2. Ewins D.J., "Modal Testing: Theory and Practice", John Wiley & Sons, N.Y., 1984.

AE 732 Composite Structures Analysis and Design 3-0-0-6 Prerequisites: AE 673 or Equivalent

Thermomechanical behavior of polymer composites. Micromechanical modeling of continuous fiber composites. Interlaminar response of laminated composites. Fracture and fracture mechanics of composites Notched composites. Damage tolerance. Design for improved fracture resistance, impact resistance and fatigue resistance of polymer composites. Processing science and fabrication technology of polymer composites. Process modeling and optimization. Machining joining and repair of composites. Ablation. Environmental degradation of composites. Damping. 2D and 3D textile structural composites. Hybrid composites. Composites in aerospace applications Carbon-carbon composites. Composites as intelligent materials and structures. Texts/References 1. B.Z. Jang, Advanced Polymer Composites, ASM International, 1994.2. G. Eckold, Design and Manufacture of Composite Structures, Woodhead, 1994.3. Engineered Materials Handbook - Vol. 1, Composites, ASM International, 1989.

AE 736 Advanced Aeroelasticity 3-0-0-6


Basic equations of motion of unsteady potential flow, small perturbation linearised theory. Boundary conditions and addition al physical considerations. Solution methodology, Accelerated flows. Unsteady lift and moments on oscillating two-dimensional thin airfoil and slender wing in incompressible flow and supersonic flow, Piston Theory. Introduction to unsteady lifting surface theory. Divergence of swept, tapered wings. Aeroelastic loads and Aeroelastic efficiency computations. Flutter of wings. Modal formulation and assumed modes approaches. Generalised aerodynamic forces and modal unsteady airloads. FlutterSolution methods. Transient motion of airfoils - Fourier superposition, Wagner and Kussner functions and gust response. Time domain modeling of modal unsteady aerodynamic forces. Subcritical response of wings. Exposure to practical aeroelastic analysis. Introductionto aero-servo-elastic modeling of aircraft. Texts/References 1. R.L.Bisplinghoff, H. Ashley and R.L. Halfman, Aeroelasticity,Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts, 1955.2. Y.C. Fung, An Introduction to the Theory of Aeroelasticity, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y., 19553. R.L.Bisplinghoff and H. Ashley, Principles of Aeroelasticity, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. 19624. E.H. Dowell, H.C. Curtiss, R.H. Scanlan and F. Sisto, A Modern Course in Aeroelasticity, Sijthroff & Noordoff, Netherlands, 1978.

AE 755 Optimization for Engineering Design 3-0-0-6

Engineering design process. Problem formulation in design; Constraints; Objective function. Constrained and unconstrained optimization problems; Necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality; Kuhn-Tucker conditions; Post-optimality analysis. Numerical methods for unconstrained and constrained nonlinear optimizations; Direct search methods; Steepest descent; Conjugate gradient (Fletcher Reeves); Newton's, DFP & BFGS method; Random walk; Simulated Annealing; Genetic Algorithms; Penalty function approaches; Method of Lagrange multipliers. Introduction to multi criteria optimization (MCO); Decision variables; Integrated problem formulation; Pareto optimum and Min-Max optima; Solution methods based on function scalarisation. Introduction to Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO); Definition; Examples; Decomposition; Approximations and System sensitivity analysis in MDO. Exposure to single level, concurrent subspace and collaborative optimization methods; System and discipline level functions and intercommunication.

Texts/References

1. Arora, J.S., Introduction to Optimum Design, McGraw-Hill, 1989.2. Rao, S.S., Engineering Optimisation - Theory and Applications, New Age International, New Delhi, 1998.3. Deb, K., Optimisation for Engineering Design: Algorithms and Examples, Prentice-Hall India, 1995.4. Osyczka, Multicriterion Optimization in Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.5. Goldberg D.E., Genetic algorithms in Search, Optimisation and Machine Learning, Addison Wesley, 1989.6. Van Laarhoven, P.J.M., and Aarts, E.H.L., Simulated Annealing: Theory and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publication, Reidel, Dordecht, 1987 (ISBN 90-277-2573-6). Research papers in MDO (AIAA papers)

AE 771 Matrix Computations 3-0-0-6 Systems of linear equations, Cholesky decomposition, Gauss elimination, LU decomposition, pivoting, sensitivity of linear systems, Condition numbers, round-off errors, Ill-conditioned matrices. Orthogonal matrices, least-squares problem, Gram-Schmidt method. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, QR algorithm, Hessenberg and tridiagonal forms, Invariant subspaces, Symmetric eigenvalue problem, singular value decomposition.

Texts/References

1. Watkins, D S, Fundamentals of Matrix Computations, John Wiley, 1991. 2. Golub, G H and Van Loan, C F, Matrix Computations, 2nd ed. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 19893. Stewart G W., Introduction to Matrix Computations, Academic Press, 1973.

AE 773 Applied Mechatronics 2-0-2-6

Prerequisites: Basic course in Electronics or Instrumentation

Review of basic electronic devices - diodes, transistors, operational amplifiers and their various forms. Digital electronic components and their applications - Flip-flops, registers, counters, switches, triggers, timers etc. Data acquisition - Sample and hold circuit, digital - analog, analog-digital converters. Introduction to micro-controllers and their usage with specific projectSensors (conventional / MEMS) - Potentiometers, encoders, accelerometers, angular rate sensors, load-cells, pressure - transducers, GPS, heading, Actuators - DC motor, stepper motor, servo motor, relays. Hands on experience with above referred devices / components. Group project on mechatronics system integration using sensors, actuators and specific board.

Texts/References

1. Histand & Aciatore , Introduction to mechatronics and measurement systems, McGraw Hill Publications, 1999. 2. Bradley, Dawson & Loader, Mechatronics - Electronics in products and processes, Chapman Hall, 1994. 3. Paul Horowitz, The art of electronics, Winfield Hill, Cambridge University Press, Second Edition, 1989.

AE 774 Special Topics in Aerodynamics and CFD 3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: Consent of Course Coordinator

This course will cover special and advanced topics in aerodynamics and CFD. The course will typically consist of 2 or 3 modules taught by one or more instructors. Exact topics and coverage will depend on availability of instructors and background of students, and will be intimated in advance. The topics will be in the areas of Turbulence and turbulence modeling, Bluff body and vortex dominated flows, High speed and hypersonic flows, Advanced computational methods, Flow dynamics, stability and control, Industrial fluid mechanics, Aero acoustics and noise control.

AE 775 System Modelling, Dynamics and Control3-0-0-6

Introduction to System Modelling: Objective, basic modelling concepts, types of models, modelling through conservation laws, role of mathematical models in system dynamics and control. Dynamic Models of Physical Systems: Models of simple physical systems e.g. mechanical, hydraulic, thermal etc., linearization of nonlinear models and role of Linear Time Invariant (LTI) forms, examples of models of complex systems e.g. aircraft, launch vehicles, missiles, spacecraft and other similar engineering systems. System Representation: Laplace transform and transfer function, block diagram representation and manipulation, signal flow graphs, Masons gain formula. System Dynamics: Transient and steady state response of first and second order systems, response of higher order systems to standard and generic inputs in Laplace and time domains, concept of partial fractions. Introduction to Control: Control situations & objectives, open-loop and closed-loop control concepts, various types of control structures, unity negative feedback control systems, basic control actions, 1st and 2nd order system on-off control, effect of hysteresis on the closed-loop control performance, relay modelling.System Stability: Concept of system stability and connection with its response, asymptotic and bounded-input bounded-output stability, role of characteristic roots in stability, Rouths stability criterion.Proportional Control Systems: Proportional control action modelling, stability and response of proportional control systems, concept of root locus and its application to proportional control system analysis.Frequency Response: Concept of frequency response & its representation using Bode, Nyquist and Nichols plots, closed-loop system analysis using frequency response attributes, Nyquist stability analysis. Closed-loop Response Attributes: Transient and steady-state response concept, tracking control task and closed-loop error constants, integral control option for tracking, transient response and role of derivative action. Closed-loop Response Control Elements: PI controllers and lag compensators for tracking control tasks, PD controllers and lead compensators for transient response control tasks, PID controllers and lag-lead compensators for complex control tasks.Design of Closed-loop Control Systems: Performance specifications, gain and phase margins as design specifications, use of root locus, bode plots, Nyquist plots and Nichols plots in closed-loop control design, design rules, methodologies and guidelines for different types of control tasks.Case Studies: Pitch steering of flexible launch vehicles, launch vehicles roll-yaw control, control of bias momentum satellites for pointing, spacecraft payload controllers, gimbaled radar controller for a missile tracking a target; Aircraft longitudinal and lateral controllers.

Texts/References

1. Ogata, K., Modern Control Engineering, 5th Ed., Prentice Hall India, Eastern Economy Edition 2010.2. Kuo, B. C. and Golnaraghi, F., Automatic Control Systems, 8th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2003. 3. D`Azzo , J. J. and Houpis , C. H., Linear Control Systems Analysis and Design - Conventional and Modern, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 1995.4. Nise, N.S., Control Systems Engineering, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 20015. Franklin, G.F., David Powell, J. & Emami-Naeini, A., Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems, 5th Ed., Pearson Prentice Hall, LPE, 2006.6. Gopal, M., Control Systems Principles and Design, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008.7. Dorf, R.C. and Bishop, R.H., Modern Control Systems, 12th Ed., Prentice Hall, 2011.8. Bryson, A.E., Control of Spacecraft and Aircraft, Princeton University Press, 1994.9. Wie, B., Space Vehicle Dynamics and Control, AIAA Education Series, 2008.10. Blakelock, J.H., Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles, John Wiley, 1991.

AE 780 Computational Heat Transfer 3-0-0-6

Introduction, Governing equations for fluid flow and heat transfer. Solution to Partial Differential Equations - application to conduction, convection. Incompressible and compressible flow simulation, Laminar and Turbulent flows, Flow with chemical reactions.

Texts/References

1. Patankar S.V. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow , Hemisphere Pub. Co., 1981 2. Hirsch, C. Numerical Computation of Internal and external flow, Vol. I & II, John Wiley, 1990.

AE 782 Flow Control3-0-0-6 Introduction to flow control, history of flow control, governing equations, equations of motion at the wall, control goals, classification of flow control methods, active, passive and reactive flow control, wall bounded and free shear flows, coherent structures, control methods for laminar and turbulent flows, Reynolds number effects, transition control, compliant coatings, free-surface waves, flow separation, steady and unsteady separation, mechanics, characteristics and effects of flow separation, detection of flow separation, prevention and delay of separation, provocation of separation, control of flow separation by active and passive means, vortex generators and vortex generator jets, low-Reynolds number aerodynamics, separation bubble, drag reduction, drag reduction in automobiles, relaminarization, noise reduction, passive noise control, compliant coatings, jet noise, turbomachinery blades, secondary flows and its control, synthetic jets, microelectro-mechanical systems in flow control, emerging trends in flow control.

Texts/References

1. Gad-el-Hak, M., Flow Control, Cambridge University Press, 2000 2. Chang, P.K. Control of Flow Separation , Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 19763. Lachmann G.V., Boundary Layer and Flow Control, Volumes 1 & 2 ~ T, Pergamon Press, 1961.

AE 792 Communication Skills 0-2-0-4

Comprehension Reading of journal papers, technical reports, Ph.D. theses and Demonstration of critical understanding of the concepts described; Literature survey of an area and reporting of the state-of-the-art in that area, along with identification of gaps. Articulation Written Technical report writing using formal styles, sequencing of ideas.Articulation Oral Expression of the technical contents with clarity and brevity, participation in formal/informal discussions on technical matters; Role of slides, presentation style, sequencing of sub-ideas for coherent presentations.Other Issues Professional ethics & the issues related to plagiarism in documents & research publications, including international practices; Various standards for citing & quoting from literature including referencing styles; gender issues, workplace relationships; Patents.

Texts/References

1. Booth, W C, Colomb, G G and Williams J M, The Craft of Research (Chicago Guides to1. Writing, Editing, and Publishing), Univ. of Chicago Press, 20082. Monippally, M M, Pawar B S, Academic Writing: A Guide for Management Students and Researchers, Response Books, 20103. Alley, M, The Craft of Scientific Presentations, Springer 2003.1

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Documents

Bulletin PG 2015