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By: Sammie Keitlen and Brandon Johnson
Pine Beetle Investigation
1 year life cycle
Late Summer: Adults leave dead trees
-Seek out new trees-Beetles mate -Form a tunnel
under the bark-Produce around 75 eggs
Winter: Larvae stay in the tree
Spring: Larvae feed on tree
#1 Life Cycle of the Pine Beetle
Seed production begins at 5- 10 years
Cones remain on trees for 10-20 years
Older trees are less resistant to disease
Average age of Colorado Pines are 80- 200 years old
Life Cycle of the Lodgepole Pine Tree
R- strategist2002- drought
-incipient- then erupts -Epidemic
2010--the growth rate is decreasing
Endemic -British Columbia to southern California
Invasive species
#2 Phases of Population Growth for Mountain Pine Beetles
Chemicals Fire Temperatures
-extreme heat under bark- 5 days of -30 degrees
Precipitation-wet summers
#3 Abiotic Limiting Factors of Mountain Pine Beetle
Fire Climate Change
-drought-temperature
DiseaseOver CrowdingLack of Fire
- trees grow old: susceptible to disease
Abiotic Limiting Factors of Lodgepole Pine Tree
Birds- Woodpeckers Well- spaced healthy
treesParasites Larger insectsTree resistance-
“pitch outs”Forest diversity- age,
structure, species
Biotic Limiting Factors of the Mountain Pine Beetle
HumansWoodpeckersBlue-Stain
Fungi Insects
Biotic Limiting Factors of Lodgepole Pine Tree
Population controlKill stressed and
old trees-increases diversity
Helps renew the forest by succession
Source of food for some animals
The Niche of Mountain Pine Beetle
Provide habitats for mammals, insects, and birds
Pioneer Species after forest fires - Play an important
role in successionSource of food for
animals
The Niche of Lodgepole Pine Trees
Infect with Blue-stain fungi
Kill the treeTree produce “pitch
outs”- attempt to drown/ flush the beetle out
Not necessarily harmful effect:- change diversity, age, and structure of forest
Epidemic Population growth- disastrous effect
The Effects that Pine Beetles have on Lodgepole Trees
Pine beetles leave large holes in bark of a tree
Patches of missing barkTen months after the infestation, the needles of infested pines will turn reddish-brown.
# 7 Signs and Symptoms of Effected Trees
The past few decades have had
Warmer Temperatures
Low amount of rainfall
This creates a higher death rate for the trees
Pine Beetle populations grew because of high temperatures and low rainfall
#8 Colorado Forest Management
Colorado has synthesized the idea of having district managers for the forest locations in their county.
President Theodore Roosevelt's decision to set aside vast tracts of western highland forests was in response to widespread exploitation by logging operations that began to sweep across the West in the late 1870s
#9 Management of Colorado’s Forests
The temperature must be consistently be below -35 Celsius or -40 Celsius for several straight days to kill off large populations of the Mountain Pine Beetle.
Climate is warming- Pine Beetle Population will consistently grow
You can control some populations by burning, burying, chipping or removing infested logs
# 10 Climate and Management Practice effect on Beetle Populations
If all the trees are dead from MPB, then tourism will be affectedSkiing, camping, hiking,
biking, etc.
There will be a reduced amount of shelter for wildlife if trees are continually dyingAffecting other organisms Lowering oxygen rates
#11 Importance of Forests – Pine Beetle Effect
- Fire Science Brief- Clean Water- Insect Outbreaks and Watersheds- The Influence of Previous Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus
ponderosae) Activity on the 1988 Yellowstone Fires- Challenges of a Bark Beetle Outbreak- What Are Land Managers
Doing?- Mountain Pine Beetle- Environmental characteristics of mountain pine beetle infestation hot
spots - Bark Beetles: Are Your Trees At Risk?- Manager’s Viewpoint- Western U.S. Forests Suffer Death By Degrees - http://plantwatch.fanweb.ca/plant-information/lodgepole-pine/lodgepol
e-pine-information- http://www.barkbeetles.org/mountain/fidl2.htm- http://utahcamping.blogspot.com/2009/07/utah-field-guide-lodgepole-p
ines-and.html
Resources Used