Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department ENCE530- Graduation project

2012-2013

Olive Mill Waste Water Management By :

Wala’ Abd Allah (1081023 )

Samar Salameen(1081315)

Supervised by : Dr.Omar Zimmo

IntroductionIn Palestine ,the problem of

untreated OMW discharge is urgent .

Several hundred thousands cubic meters of untreated W.W is discharged into open areas and cesspools .

The current project addresses this issue by relatively basic treatment scheme that can be implemented to olive mill sites for little cost with valuable end products.

Olive mill by product

Olive oilOlive cake

Olive mill waste water

Olive mill owners questionnaireMain Objectives

1. Olive presses distribution according to operational status, and level of automation.

2. Quantity of olive mill waste production of jeft and zebar.

3. Number of employees and the mill working hour.

4. Olive pressing costs.

5. Coverage area of the mill and additional available area for construction a treatment plant.

6. Olive mill waste water management level.

Analysis of results

The majority of the olive-mills is located within the residential areas ,land areas ranges between 170-3000sqm.

38% of the olive mill has excess area around the facility.

The production of olive mills waste (zebar and jeft ) varied widely ,due presence of other competitors and variation in the amount of pressed olives

None of the surveyed mills implement a management plane for OMWW.

Cont’dsurveyed olive mill locations

11%

89%

surveyed olive mill locations

olive mill located in urban areas

olive mill located in rural areas

83%

17%

olive mill waste disposal methodtight cesspits sewer system

OMWW characterizations

Beitrema

Deristea Ellar Salfeet1 Salfeet 2

Nablus-0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

The concentration of COD for various region

Study region

CO

D(m

g/l

)

Beitrem

a

Deriste

aElla

r

Salfe

et1

Salfe

et 2

Nab

lus-

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

The values of total ni-trogen for various re-

gion

Region

Tota

l N

itro

gen

(mg/l

)

Beitrema

Deristea Ellar Salfeet1 Salfeet 2

Nablus-0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

The values of Fat Oil and Grease for various region

Region

Fat

Oil

and G

rease

Beitrema

Deristea Ellar Salfeet1 Salfeet 2

Nablus-0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

The values of Total dis-solved solid for various

region

RegionTota

l su

spended s

oli

d(m

g/l

)

Beitrema Deristea Ellar Salfeet1 Salfeet 2 Nablus-0

10000

20000

30000

40000

The values of Total sus-pended solid for various

region

Region

Tota

l su

spended s

oli

d (

mg/l

)

Beitrema Deristea Ellar Salfeet1 Salfeet 2 Nablus-4.454.5

4.554.6

4.654.7

4.754.8

4.85

The value of pH for various region

region

pH

valu

e

Choice and laboratory scale evaluation of a biological treatment method for olive mill wastewater

OMWW proposed treatment process

Laboratory experimental setupPhase I:physical treatment (gravel filter)

Phase II: Biological treatment

The performance of two systems had been evaluated :

Trickling filter system.

Activated sludge system

Activated sludge system

Trickling filter

Color removal

Composting

Analysis of results

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Time (hr)

rem

oval

eff

icie

ncy

%

Sand filter

TSS removal efficiency vs. Time

Analysis of resultsTrickling filter

Activated sludge system

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

time(hr)

CO

D(m

g/l)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Time(hr)

CO

D(m

g/l

)

Trickling filterC=C˳[f + (1-f) e^-kt]

K = 0.535

F1 = 0.249

F2 = 0.223

F3= 0.254

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1800

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

actual COD

COD re-moval model

Time (hr)

CO

D(m

g/L

)

Cont’d

Activated sludge system

K =0.3038

14

F1 =0.1810

05

F2 =0.2354

16

F3 =0.2198

05

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1800

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

actual COD

COD re-moval model

Time(hr)

CO

D(m

g/l_

ConclusionBecause the 3-phase system the dominant method for olive oil

extraction, very large amounts of liquid wastes is producing

every season.

None the olive mills implement a management plane for

OMWW.

This study shows olive mill waste was treated in circulating pond

/T.F system, with a K=0.535, or within the activated sludge

system with K=0.304.this suggesting strong treatment feasibility.

T.F/recirculating pond system found to be more

applicable in the olive mill, this is because of low

operating cost, low labor skill requirement.

the treatment of mill waste stream can be carried out

at rural site by separation of the liquid from the solid,

solid is to be composted and the liquid to be treated by

a recirculating pond and trickling filter system.

The proposed OMW treatment plant

RecommendationsThe olive mill waste disposal problem has two levels, the

management level and the other is the technical level.

A well management plan has to be established, focusing on the

following points:

cooperation between authorities ,have to be achieved in

a manner to enforce OMWW treatment before discharge it

Providing training courses for the farmer and the olive mill

owner ,to increase the level of awareness of the significant

impact of the problem

The back washing of the gravel filter is hard and high water consuming process.

The phytotoxicity of the treated OMWW has to be determined precisely to grantee the Consistency with the Palestinians standard for irrigation water.

The olive washing water could be screened and then used in the treatment plant for dilution purposes.

Initial Feasibility study of the project must be established. Also centralized decentralized treatment option must be considered.

Any questions ?!

Thank You