CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGYDNA Transcription and Translation

THE CENTRAL DOGMADNA is safe in the NUCLEUS,

protected by the nuclear membraneA gene is copied (transcribed) into

mRNA {{messenger RNA}}mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to

a ribosome (rRNA or ribsomal RNA), where the instructions of the mRNA are read and the protein is constructed (translated).

Materials (amino acids) are brought to the ribosome by tRNA {{transfer RNA}}

CENTRAL DOGMA

Nucleus Ribosomes

DNA mRNA mRNA tRNAAmino Acids

Proteins

Transcription Translation(being transcribed) (being translated)

DNA VS. RNA

SOME VOCABULARY

Transcription: when DNA is copied onto a complementary strand of mRNA

Translation: the construction of a protein from the instructions of the mRNA. This happens at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Here mRNA codons match with tRNA anticodons to bring amino acids.

Codon: a sequence of 3 nucleotides that specify a particular amino acid in the mRNA

Anticodon: the complementary sequence of 3 nucleotides on tRNA matched to mRNA

PRACTICE MAKING A PROTEIN

DNA: TAC AAA GGC GAT GCA ATT

mRNA:{{tRNA anti-codons}}

Amino acids:

(Use p. 172 in your textbook)

AUG UUU CCG CUA CGU UAA