C35 a Feasibility

7/31/2019 C35 a Feasibility

1/106

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2/106

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2008


3/106

2008

:

:35716620-35678216-3571385235678218)202(+

:35703620)202(+

:www.capscu.eng.cu.edu.eg:www.Pathways.cu.edu.eg

:[email protected]

:8476/2008

:ISBN 977-403-303-5

.
http://www.pathways.cu.edu.eg/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.pathways.cu.edu.eg/


4/106

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5/106

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6/106

.1974.1984

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.

1020191213

200210201912-1162005

10201912-2272006.

.. .

2008

3


7/106

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5. -6. -

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2017)

2002-2005) (2006-2010(

18

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5


9/106

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..

6


10/106

13

:5

1-15

1-26

1-37

1-47

1-58

1-69

1-7101-811

1-911

:15

2-115

2-216

2-316

2-420

2-522

:37

3-1373-2383-346

:55

4-155

4-2564-356

4-458

4-563

4-665

4-767

:75

5-175

5-2( )78 5-379

7


11/106

5-4( )88

5-592

5-694

5-795

5-899

:10

7

6-1107

6-2108

6-3109

6-4109

6-5111

12

1

8


12/106

)5-1:(101

)5-2:(102

)3-1:(49

)6-1:(107

)6-2(110

9


13/106

10


14/106

35/1:

:

1..2..3..4..5..6..

1


15/106

35/1:

2


16/106

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. ( )

-

-.

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3


17/106

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18/106

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1-1

:

)

Economically Justifiable. (.

.

)

(

.

)

. (

.

. ( )

.

1-2

( )

.

" " " "Pre-feasibility.

Comprehensive Feasibility Study

5


19/106

35/1:

Market Viability.

.

.

.

:

1.( )2.

3. 4.

1-3

:

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7..

1-4

.

: : .

" " .Roadmap.Blueprint

.

6


20/106

35/1:

.

1-5

Pre-Feasibility Study

.

.

.

.

.

:

-.

- .-.--

.

-.

.

Investment Promoter.

1-6

7


21/106

35/1:

:

1-6-1

.

.

.

.

1-6-2

.

1-6-3

.

.

1-7

.

)

.(:

1.

8


22/106

35/1:

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2.-

.

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3.

( )

.

.

1-8

:

-

- ----.

1-9

:

------

-

9


23/106

35/1:

. :

1-9-1

)Ein Mann Gesellschaft( ) (

.

.

1-9-2

.

.

1-9-3

:

.

.

1-9-4

.

.

.

1-9-5

10


24/106

35/1:

.

1-9-6

: .

( )

.

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.

1-9-7

.

.

11


25/106

35/1:

12


26/106

35/1:

2-1

. ( )

)

.(

( )

) )

.(

.

.

2-2

.

) .

. (

.

. .

13


27/106

35/1:

2-3

:

2-3-1

)Holding Other ThingsConstant(

.

.

.

.

2-3-2

.

.

2-3-3

( )

14


28/106

35/1:

.

2-3-4

( )

.

.

2-3-5

( )

.

.

2-3-6

)

(

Conspicuous Consumption

.

.

.

Inferior Goods

.

2-3-7

15


29/106

35/1:

Price TakerPrice Maker

.

2-3-8

.

.

. ( )

.

.

2-3-9

.

2-3-10

.

.

.

2-4

.

( )

( )

.

.

16


30/106

35/1:

2-4-1

.

.

:

---

-.

.

.

2-4-2

.

1-

:

-:

.

-:.

-:.

Emailed Investigation

.

2-

17


31/106

35/1:

)(

. .

.

.

.

.

SamplesStatistical Sampling

.

.

.

2-5

)

(

.

:

2-5-1

.

:

1-

:

-

18


32/106


33/106

35/1:

)24001800(/1800)40003600(/3600=600/1800

3600/400=3

2008

200740002400 20084400

3=)2400(/2400)44004000(/4000=)2400(/2400

400/4000=)2400(/240010/1

= ( )1560

= =1560150. =

.

2-

:

/ ( ) =

.

:

) + ( ) + =

.(

) = :1+

.(

:

. =

)2-2:(2007

20082009:

352%

200750

30

10

:

( - )+ =

=50) +3010= (70)

(

= / =70/35=2

2008=2007)1= ( +35)1,02= (

35.7

2008=2007= ( )35.7)2(

=71.4

2009=35.7)1.2= (36.4

20


34/106

35/1:

2009=2008)2= (36.4)2= (72.83

.

3-

( )

:

)2-3:(

200730:

200420052006

( )706040 ( )6000800010000

:

20052006=)100008000(/8000)40-

60(/60=2000/800060/20- =0.75

0.75=)-10000(/10000)30-40(/40

( )11875.

.

4-

)

. (

.

.

.

:

1.

2.

3.( )

:

1.

+ =

.

2.

.

5-

21


35/106

35/1:

.

( )

( )

.

.

( )

)

.(1+1

( ).( )

.

( )

.

.

)2-4:(19861997

:

198660110

198760135

198860120

198962120

199062140

199162130

199262135199364150

199464145

199570170

199670185

199770160

:

727476

.

22


36/106

35/1:

:

.

:

=

( ) =

( ) =( ) =

:

22

1986

601103600121006600

1987601353600182258100

1988601203600144007200

1989621203844144007440

1990621403844196008680

19916213038441690080601992621353844182258370

1993641504096225009600

1994641454096210259280

19957017049002890011900

19967018549003422512950

19977016049002560011200

1276

6

170

0

4906

8

24610

0

10938

0

= :766=63.8

12

= :1700=141.6

12

:

23

=

]2( )2] [2( )2[

-( ) ( )

=

]2( )2] [2( )2[

-( ) ( )


37/106

35/1:

=863.3=0.91

950.9

)0.91(+)1-1(

.19982000.

:

:

. =

. =

= ( ) =

= ( ) =

. ( ) =

. =

. =

. =

24

=

]49068)766(2] [246100)1700(2[

1212

109380-7661700

12

=

]4906848896.3] [246100

240833.3[

109380-108516.6

=

]171.6] [5266.6[

863.3

=+

) ( ) (

) ( ) (- )(


38/106

35/1:

. =2. =

2. =

. =

:

=141.6+0.91 ) 63.8(

=141.6+0.91]5.3 ) 63.8[(

=141.6+4.8306.3

1998

19992000:727476

:

1998=141.8+4.872306.3

)1998= (141.6+345.6306.3=180.9)1(

1999=141.8+4.874306.3

)1999= (141.6+355.2306.3=190.5)2(

2000=141.6+4.876306.3

)2000= (141.6+364.8306.3=200.1)3(

:

=141.6+4.8306.3

6( ) -

.

:

=123.

:

21

3132

25

=141.6+

0.9149068) 766) (63.8(

346100) 1700) (141.6(- )63.8(

=141.6+

0.91190

5380- )63.8(

28.3


39/106

35/1:

:21)32(=

2

2

: =4632=34843

=6796=106

2=976=5779

213132:

21=0.8731=0.7732=0.80

:

1)32(:21)32(=

=0.84( )

0.84

.

7-Regression Analysis

.

: .

1

.

2.

3( )

.

)2-5:(1998

100000:

151998

5000.

250000

40000.

3-

50000:

199820000.

199940000.

26

221

+222

221

31

32

1232

)587(2) 0.77(2-20.82

0.80

1802


40/106

35/1:

200050000.

1998

:

11998 2( )

55000

\=50005=250003

50000

4000040000

4

199820000 \ =150001998

( )

.

)Projected Products(:

1.

2.

3..

4.

5.

6.

: .

:

:

.

. = =

:

:

+ + =

+ +

. +

27

100000

8500015000


41/106

35/1:

=

:

-

. -.-.-.-

.

)

( ) (

..

.

.

.

28


42/106

35/1:

.

.

3-1

.

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:

-

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-)

(

( )

.

.

-.

3-2

29


43/106

35/1:

:

1.

2.

3. 4.

5.

3-2-1

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:

1-

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-:

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-:

)(

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)

(

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.

30


44/106

35/1:

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(

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1-

. .. .( )

.

)

.(

( )

.

2-

. .

.:

:

.

. /

.

.

( ) -

.

( )

) .

. (

:

.

. ( / )

31


45/106

35/1:

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.

.

..

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.:

)

( )

.

.

. - -

.

:

.

.

3-2-2

.

Maximum Capacity

Normal Capacity)

(

32


46/106

35/1:

.

.

( ).

.

.

Break Even Analysis.

( ).

:

1-

.

.

2-

::

:

:

.

3-

.

.

( )

Diseconomies

33


47/106

35/1:

.

3-2-3

Labor Intensive

Capital IntensiveKnowledge Intensive

( )

( )

..

:

. ( )

.

.

-

Process Chart( )

.

.

-

:

---( )--

:

1..

2..

34


48/106

35/1:

3..4..5.

.

6...

. ( )

3-2-4

:

.

.

-:

--

-

.

-

.

( )

.

-:

.

-:

.

.

3-3

35


49/106

35/1:

:

3-3-1Opportunity Cost

.

.

.

.

.

3-3-2Implicit Costs & Explicit Costs

.

.

3-3-3

:

-

.

. .

-

.

.

.

:

: -

.

.

36


50/106

35/1:

: -

.

:

1: Fixed Costs

. .

.

2: Variable Costs.

.

.

3: Total Costs

. .

4: Average Costs

.

:

: -Average Total Costs.

: -Average Fixed Costs

.

: -Average Variable Costs

.

5: Marginal Costs.

.

100021

105050.

.

.

. .

)3-1:()1(

)2(

)3(

)4(

)5(

)6(

)7(

)8(

37


51/106

35/1:

2020020220100122-

70200402405.721.146.960.8

140200602602.860.863.700.56

230200802801.740.702.440.44

34020010030010.180.581.760.364382001203200.920.541.460.60

5202001403400.760.541.300.48

5802001603600.680.581.240.66

6222001803800.640.601.220.98

6482002004000.620.661.241.58

6602002204200.600.721.223.34

6702002404400.580.761.344.55

6782002604600.580.821.404.44

6862002804800.580.861.445.55

6942003005000.580.861.445.55

3-3-4

.

.

:

1

: .

.

.

.

. -

.

:

-

.

.

.

38


52/106

35/1:

.

-

.

.

2-

:

.

. .

.

. -

.

.

.

.

3( ) -

.

.

.

.

.

.

:

.

39


53/106

35/1:

( )

.

.

4-

( )

5%20%

.

:

( ) .

.

.

)3-1:(:

90000.

40000.

30000.

5000

84.

:

1. -

2. -

:

1: -

=

+ +

=8+4=12=3.

. =

) =40000+30000 (3

=700003=210000

=

+

=90000+210000=300000

40


54/106

35/1:

2:

=

( )

=30000050000=250000

3-3-5

.

41


55/106

35/1:

.

.

.

4-1

.

.

.

.

4-2

:

1.

2.

3.

4.

.

42


56/106

35/1:

4-3

:

1.

)

Common StocksPreferred Stocks(

.

.

.

.

2.Retained Earnings

.

.

3.

.

.

4.

.

:

-Long Term Financing

. .

.

43


57/106

35/1:

.

-Short Term Financing .

Trade CreditBank Credit.

.

.

4-4

:

4-4-1

.

: :

.

:

=

:

] =

+ [

:

)4-1:(100

15.

.

:

44


58/106

35/1:

=1

.=15

.=0.15=15%

100

:

=1.+

. =

)4-2:(100

13

5.%:.

:

. =

=1.+=13.+0.05=0.18=18%100

: :

.

:

:

=1

.

. =

)4-3:(100

10%

12.:.

:

=1

.=12

=12

=

1001090

0.133=13.3%

)

(:

45


59/106

35/1:

=

.

:

=

+ .

.

.

- -

.

4-4-2

:

:

) =1. ( -

:

=

=

=

:

) =1 ( -)+(:

. =

.

.

4-4-3

( )

.

46


60/106

35/1:

.

.

:

) =1.(

:

. =

. =

. =10

1002%

:

=10100)1-2= (%10)10098%(=10,3.%

4-4-4

.

:= ) =1) (1( -= ) +1) (1( +

:

. =

. =

. =

. =

.

4-5

:

47


61/106

35/1:

1.

( )

)(.

2.

.3.

.

4.

.

5.

.

.

6.

.

7.

.

8.

.

9.

( )

.

.

10.

( )

:

) ( ) =

.(

( )10%

15%

5%

.

4-6

48


62/106

35/1:

.

( )

:

.

)

(.

:

1.)

(

2.:

. =

3..

4.. 5.

.

.( )

)4-4:(

.

( )

(%)

60017

20015

50013

60012

10011

2000---

49


63/106

35/1:

:

14( ) %14%)

(

16. %

(%)

(%)

6006002000100=

0.30%

170.3017%=

5.1

2002002000100=

0.10%

150.1015%=

1.5

5005002000100=

0.25%

130.2513=

3.25

6006002000100=

0.30%

120.3012=3.6

1001002000100=

0.05

110.0511=

0.55

2000100%14%

4-7

4-7-1

.

:

1.

.

2.

.

3..

- -

50


64/106

35/1:

.

)

) (

: ( .1

10( )

.

.

.2

. .3:

-( )-

.

-)

(

-

-

.

.

.

.

-

-:

1-

.

51


65/106

35/1:

.

.

. .

2-

. :

-( )

.

-. =

-+ ( ) =- =

3-

- -

.

4-

:

-:

.

.

. =

)

(

.

-:

52


66/106

35/1:

.

.

5-

.

.

)4-5:(

80000.

:

150000

200000.

:

Sunk Cost

150000

=150000.

200000

.

=200000.

4-7-2

1-

: -

: .

53


67/106

35/1:

-.

-

.

. -

-

.

-( )

.

. -:

. .

.

:

-

-

.

-

.

-)

.(

-

Depletion Rate.

2-

:

-:

.

-:

.

54


68/106

35/1:

-:

.

)4-6:(

.

12345

2000

0

3000

0

4000

0

4500

0

5000

0

22.5344

122.52.753

20002000200020002000

-570000.

-60000

.

-20.%

:

=

=600005=12000.. =

( ) =

:

12345

2000

0

3000

0

4000

0

4500

0

50000

22.5344 4000

0

7500

0

1200

00

1800

00

20000

0

:

1400002000120002600020%5200

2750002000120006100020%1220

0

312000020001200010600020%21200

55


69/106

35/1:

418000020001200016600020%3320

0

520000020001200018600020%3720

0

:

12345

-4000

0

7500

0

1200

00

1800

00

20000

0

-4000

0

7500

0

1200

00

1800

00

20000

0

70000-----

-20002000200020002000

-52001220

0

2120

0

3320

0

37200

7000072001420

0

2320

0

3520

0

39200

)

70000

(

3280

0

6080

0

9680

0

1448

00

16080

0

. - =

56


70/106

35/1:

.

.

.( ) ( )

.

5-1Pay-Back Period

.

.

.

5-1-1

1-

:

=

: + =

( + ) =

2-

.

)5-1:(70000

:

115000

218000317000

57


71/106

35/1:

420000

516000

:

11500015000

21800033000

31700050000

42000070000

51600086000

4

70000.

5-1-2

:

1.

.

2.

.

3.

.

.

4.

.

5-1-3

:

1.

.

:

) + =

(

2.( ) .

)

(

58


72/106

35/1:

- -

.

5-2)(Average Rate of Return

:

=

:

= ( )

:

=)+(2

:

=2

.

:

1.

.

2..

:

1.)

(

.

2..

Timing.

3.:

.

4..

59


73/106

35/1:

5-3Net Present Value

.100

.

5-3-1

10010%

110)100+)10010(%

:) =1( +

:

. =

. =

. =

. =

.

8=100) 1+0.10(8=10010%8=

1002.14358=214.36

( )

5%

100

= =100) 1005= (%95.

:

) =1( +

:

. =

.( ) =

. =

.( ) =

=100) 1+0.5(5=1005%

=1000.7835=78.35.

60


74/106

35/1:

. =

.

:

..

:

=)1(

) =1( +

=1) /1( +1+2) /1( +

2+ .+) /1( +)2(

:

=

==

12=

( ) =

1.

:

-.

-=.

2.

.

)5-2:(

:

-10000060%40. %

-:

310000

420000

540000

640000

730000

820000

:

10: %

1-.2-10%12%

61


75/106

35/1:

:

*

10.909)00060()54540(

20.826)00040()33040(

30.75100010751040.6830002013660

50.6210004024840

60.5640004022560

70.5130003015390

80.467000209340

5720

*10%

1.5720.

2: ..

12: %

10.893)00060()53580(

20.797)00040()31880(

30.712000107120

40.6360002012720

50.5670004022680

60.5070004020280

70.4520003013560

80.404000208080

)1020(

:

.

)5-3:()

(

1-0008000085

2-55

3--0007

4-

1

2

3

45

1500

20000

24000

3000022000

12000

18000

25000

3200020000

62


76/106

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-9.%

. -

:.

:1. -

1)00080()00080(

10.9170001513755

20.8420002016840

30.7720002418528

40.7080003021240

50.6500002214300

4663

2. -

1)00085()00085(

10.9170001211004

20.8420001815156

30.7720002519300

40.7080003222656

50.6500002717550

666

:

.

)5-4:(:( )

00010--

100040--

200050--3-0001500035

4-0002000055

5-0003076467

6-0001000050

:

80%

10%

15. %

63


77/106

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:

1-.

0008080%10%0.080002020%15%0.03

0.11

= =0.11

2-11.%

1)00010()00010(

10.901)00040()36040(20.812)00050()40600(

30.7310002014620

40.6590003523065

50.6934646727555

60.5350004021400

:

.

)5-5:(:

0005000050

35

13%13%

1

2

00025

00028

00018

00020

64


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3

4

5

00025

-

-

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00015

0004

:

::

=4444.

=4738

3

5

.

:

)5-6:(( ) ( )

:

( )( )

1

2

3

4

5

)00011(

0003

0003

0003

0003

0003

)7300(

2023

2023

2023

2023

2023

10: %

( )=373

( )=369

( )

( ) ( )

)113737669=3704(

.

)110007300=3700(

.

5-3-2

65


79/106

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:

1..2..

3.( ) 4..

5-3-3

:

1.( )

( ) ( ) ( )

.

2..

3.

.

4..

5-4( )Profitability Index

( ) .

).(

5-4-1

:

=

=

.

:

1..

2..

66


80/106

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3.

.

.

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1

2

3

4

00020

-

-

0005

-

-

0007

00010

0009

0005

210.%

3. . :

:

12000020000--

10.909--70006363

20.826--100008260

30.7515000375590006759

40.683--500034152375524797

=

=24797=1.04/

23755

:

1.04.

)5-8:(: ( ) ( )

( )( )

00060

400020

00075

300030

67


81/106

35/1:

:

9.%

:

:( )=20000

49.% 200003.240=64800

=64800

=1.08/

60000

:( )=30000

39.%

300002.531=75930

=75930

=1.01/

75000 :( ) ( )

( )1.08

( )1.01( )

.( ) ( )

5-4-2

.

5-4-3

: - -

1.

.

2..3.

.

4..

)5-9:(( ) ( )

:

( )( )

1200010000

80006500

:

.

:

68


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( )( )

1200010000

80006500

40003500

1.51.54) ( )

4000) ( ) (

1.54.(

( ) ( )

1500)8000

6500(2000)

)1200010000(

.

5-5Internal Rate of Return

( ) ( )

.

:

-.-

.

.

5-5-1

""Trial and Error

:

) + =

. (

.

.

69


83/106

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)5-10:(

:( )

( )( )

165001500 25002000

35002000

42004200

:

1: .

165001500)5000(

250020001500

350020001500

420042004000

2.

:

18%17%16%15%

1)5000()4235()4237()4310()4350(

215001077106911151134

31500914937962987

440002164213522082288

)180()105()25(+59

16%15: %

=15) +159) (25+59= (15) +5984= (15+

0.7=15.7%

.

5-5-2:

1.. ( )

2.

.

3.

.

70


84/106

35/1:

5-6

--

.

.

Uncertainty.

..

:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

.

5-7Sensitivity Analysis

.

.

.

.

71


85/106

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( )

.

5-7-1

.

.

:

)5-11:( :

85005

300010.%

:

1.:

)2315(

:

= =

=

=

=

=30003.605

=10815

)8500) (10815(

27.2%

.

2.:

21.4) %23000) (2358(

= )3.6058500(

.

3.:

)611(

72


86/106

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20%

.

4: .

22%

:

850010815+27.2

30002358-21.4

54-21

12%22%+83

( )

.

.

5-7-2

:

1.

2

.

3

Optimistic ValuesPessimistic Values.

5-7-3

1

.

73


87/106

35/1:

2Auto Correlation

. 3

.

4

.

5-8Break Even Analysis

5-8-1

( )

.

.

( ) :

.

.

5-8-2

.

:

: . :

. =

1-:

...

.

2-:

. ...

5-8-3

1..

2.

74


88/106

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3..

5-8-4

: 1-

:

-

:

( )

: ( )

. ( ) -

( ) -

.( )

( ) ( )

.( )

)5-1.(

)5-1:(

) -1. (

-1

.

75

1


89/106

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-)1(

)1. (

-

= ( )( )= )(

==

( )

)(

.

)(=

)5-2. (

)5-2:(

:

-)1. (

-)1(( )1

( )

.

76

1

.


90/106

35/1:

)

(

.

2-

:

= -

( )

= -

=

:

=+

( )

=

=( )

.

. .

:

-

-.

-.

-.

.

)5-12:(:

=100000= .10

=15.. :

1=

77


91/106

35/1:

=100000=20000

15-10

2=

==2000015=300000

)5-13(:120000

60000480001.

:

5000.

:

=

=120000=120000

1

=

=48000=96000

10.5

=

=960001=96000.

5000:

=+

=48000+50000=106000

10.5

5000

=1060001=106000

)5-14(:53

600. .

10000

:

1= 600=300

5-3

210000

=600+10000=5300

53

78


92/106

35/1:

79


93/106

35/1:

.

.

6-1

)6-1.(

)6-1:(

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

6-2

:1. -

80


94/106

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2-

.

3-

.

4( ) -.

5-

:

-

.

.

-.

-

.

-

-

.

-..

6-3

.

.

)

(

.

..

.

.

81


95/106

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.

6-4

( )

.

.

:

:

.

: .

)6-2(

.

)6-2:(

( )

: -

-

-

-

-

.

. -

. -

-

.

-

/

. /

-

.

-

)

.( /

. -

-

.

-

.

.

82


96/106

35/1:

( ) "

"

Environment Market( ) .

.

6-5

.

:

1.

.

2.

.

. - -

3.

.

4..

5..

.

83


97/106

35/1:

6..

.

.

7.

.

.

8.

.

9.

Internet.10.

." "

11.

.

.

.

.

.

12.

.

13.:-

.

84


98/106

35/1:

-

.

-

.

14.:

.

.

.

.

.

15.

.

.

10%

.

3

( )

.

: .

.

16.

10%13

19%

.

17.) :Balance Sheet(

" .Profit and loss statement"

85


99/106

35/1:

"Income Statement:"

Net Income""/ .

."Cash Flow Projections:"

) .

(

.

.

18.: :

.

:

.

19.

:

-

.

-

.

-

.

.

-

.

.

20.

.

86


100/106

35/1:

21.

. .

-)Zero-base(

5%

5. %

-.

-

.

-

.

-:

.

-:

.

22.( )

.

.

23.

.

.

.

.

24.

.

.

( )

87


101/106

35/1:

:

.

25. :

) .

:

.(

26.

.

.

27.:

.

28..

. .

29.

.

.

30.

.

.

31.

.

.

88


102/106

35/1:

.

32.)(

Trial and Error

.

) .

(

.

89


103/106

35/1:

90


104/106

35/1:

:

1.1982.

2.

2002.

3.

1993.

4.1990.

5.

2007.6.:

1991.

7.

1982.

8.

.

9.

1988.

10.1996.

11.1987.

12.1993.

13.1991.

14.

1994.

91


105/106

35/1:

:

1. Ashraf El-Sharkawy, Economic Feasibility Studies, Faculty of EngineeringCairo University, 2007.

2. Bierman, H.J. Shmidt, Seymour, The Capital Budgeting Decision , 5th

ed.Macmillan Publishing Co. 1975.3. Jem Schell, Small Business Answer Book, Solution to the 101 Most Common

small Business problems, NY: John Willy & Sons, Inc. 1996.4. Little, I.M.D. & Mirrlees, J.A. Project Appraisal and Planning for Developing

Countries, Heinemann educational book Ltd. , London 1974.5. Moore, P.C., Risk in Business decision, Longman group Ltd. London 1972.6. Squire, l. & Van Dertak, Herman, Economic Analysis of projects, john

Hopkins, Baltimore, 1975.

7. UNIDO, Guidelines for Project Evaluation, UN, N.Y., 1972.8. UNIDO, Guide to Practical Project Appraisal, Social Benefit Cost Analysis inDeveloping Countries, United Nations, New York 1978.

92


106/106

.

1-. :

2-.3-"

."4-.5-.6-.7-.8-.9-.

10-. 11-.12-. :13-.14-.15-.16-.17-.

-.-.-:

.

-.-.

1- Planning and Controlling.2- Systems and Creative Thinking.3- Research Methods and Writing

Research Proposals.4- Statistical Data Analysis.5- Teams and Work Groups.6- Risk Assessment and Risk

Management.7- Communication Skills.

8- Negotiation Skills.9- Analytical Thinking.10- Problem Solving and Decision

Making.11- Stress Management.12- Accounting for Management and

Decision Making.13- Basics of Managerial Economics.14 Economic Feasibility Studies

Documents

C35 a Feasibility