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ekwkrkNk wko{ ;kekekwkrkNk wko{ ;kekekwkrkNk wko{ ;kekekwkrkNk wko{ ;kekekwkrkNk wko{ ;kek

fw. hrBjn isMG syKoN, dwKw

pihlI vwr CpI2014

sB h`k pRkwSk dy rwKvyN hn

lyKk fw. hrBjn isMG syKoNipMf dwKw, kwlj rof dwKw,ijlHw luiDAwxw - 141102

e-mail : sekhonhsd@yahoo.comPon ; 9463377009 (Bwrq)

kYnyfwDr Harbhajan Singh Sekhon

13130 69 AveSurrey B.C. Canada

V3WIR7Phone 001-778-218-1432

mwiek shwieqwgurduAwrw isMG sBw

kwlj rof, dwKw dI sMgq v`loN

CwpkPuAwiel pirMtRz

luiDAwxw+91-161-2404979, 2404093

email: foil@vsnl.comwww.foil printers Ludhiana.com.

qqkrw

pMnw

kuJ Sbd i - ii

mu`K bMd iii-vii

BUimkw viii-xiii

1) e?B/vk ;zpzXh ;zy/g Mks 1

2) f;Zy \"ihnK dh izrK-:[ZXK ftZu G{fwek 16

3) e?B/vk ftZu f;ZyK dh nkwd 29

4) ekwkrkNk wko{ ;kek 46

5) rdo bfjo ns/ rdoh pkp/ 83

6) e?B/vk fty/ f;ZyK d/ r[o{ xo 105

7) gzikph p'bh ns/ f;ZyK dh uVQs 123

sm`rpxekwkrkNk wko{ ;ke/ d/ BkfJe GkJh

r[ofdZs f;zx, :kso{nK, ;w{j pi pi xkN d/Fjhd f;zxK ns/ rdoh pkfpnK fiBQK e"w d/Gb/ bJh d[ZyV/ MZb/ ns/ d/F dh nk}kdh bJhikBK tkohnK

pihlI vwr CpI2014

sB h`k pRkwSk dy rwKvyN hn

lyKk fw. hrBjn isMG syKoNipMf dwKw, kwlj rof dwKw,ijlHw luiDAwxw - 141102

e-mail : sekhonhsd@yahoo.comPon ; 9463377009 (Bwrq)

kYnyfwDr Harbhajan Singh Sekhon

13130 69 AveSurrey B.C. Canada

V3WIR7Phone 001-778-218-1432

mwiek shwieqwgurduAwrw isMG sBw

kwlj rof, dwKw dI sMgq v`loN

CwpkPuAwiel pirMtRz

luiDAwxw+91-161-2404979, 2404093

email: foil@vsnl.comwww.foil printers Ludhiana.com.

qqkrw

pMnw

kuJ Sbd i - ii

mu`K bMd iii-vii

BUimkw viii-xiii

1) e?B/vk ;zpzXh ;zy/g Mks 1

2) f;Zy \"ihnK dh izrK-:[ZXK ftZu G{fwek 16

3) e?B/vk ftZu f;ZyK dh nkwd 29

4) ekwkrkNk wko{ ;kek 46

5) rdo bfjo ns/ rdoh pkp/ 83

6) e?B/vk fty/ f;ZyK d/ r[o{ xo 105

7) gzikph p'bh ns/ f;ZyK dh uVQs 123

kuJ SbdBwrq dI jMgy-AwzwdI iv`c kwmw gwtw mwrU jhwz rwhIN kYnyfw

dI DrqI 'qy gey XwqrUAW nwl hoieAw dur-ivhwr A`j vI ieiqhwsdw Amr ih`sw hY[ pihlI vwr BwrqI ivSyS kr ky pMjwbI AxK nUMvlUMDiVAw igAw[ cIn jpwn qoN gey XwqrUAW leI hor ivhwr prBwrqIAW leI hor kwnUMn 'qy ivhwr A`j vI nw kwbly - muAwPI jurmsI, hY Aqy rhygw[ pMjwb dy srhwlI (ijlHw qrn qwrn) ksby qoNkwmwgwtw mwrU jhwj ikrwey 'qy lY ky pMjwbI muswiPr lY ky kYnyfwjwxw BwvyN mUl rUp iv`c inrol vpwrk kwrj sI pr kYnyfIAnhkUmq v`loN imilAw dur-ivhwr AxKIlI cyqnw ƒ zKmI kr igAw[sB nwloN v`D duKdweI PrMgI hkUmq dw ies jhwz rwhIN prqyXwqrUAW nwl bj bj Gwt (klk`qw) ivKy hoieAw hOlnwk kwrnwmwqy ivhwr sI ijs nwl kuJ pMjwbI sUrimAW ƒ ShwdqW dw jwm nsIbhoieAw[

kYnyfw vsdy pMjwbI BrwvW ny Awpxy pMjwb qoN Awey ies jhwzdy muswPrW ƒ kYnyfw auqrn leI hr kwƒnI cwrwjoeI kIqI prmnie`Cq Pl nsIb nhIN hoieAw[ gdr pwrtI dI sQwpnw qoN Aglyswl hI ieh Bwxw vrqxw jMgy-AwzwdI leI v`fI vMgwr bixAw[zKmI mwniskqw vwly ienHW AxKIly pMjwbIAW ny isrW 'qy kPn bMnHky Kud ƒ kOm leI kurbwn hox vwly mrjIviVAW iv`c Swml krilAw[ cMgI g`l hY ik pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy syvwmukq ivigAwnI, KojI ivdvwn Aqy gurU - ipAwry fwktr hrBjnisMG syKoN ny kYnyfw dy pMjwbI BweIcwry dy hvwly nwl ies Gtnw ƒghu nwl piVHAw, vwicAw Aqy idlcsp rUp iv`c swfy leI iliKAw[

fwktr syKoN pusqk dy AwrMB iv`c swƒ kYnyfw bwry jwxkwrImuh`eIAw krvwauNdy hn[ ienHW au~QoN dI BUgolk siQqI, rwjnIqkhwlwq, vsoN dw ivhwr, v`K v`K smW kwl dIAW hkUmqW dw vyrvwAqy smu`cw smwijk ibrqWq AMikq kIqw hY[

is`K POjI vIrW dIAW v`K v`K jMgW iv`c bhwdrI dy kwrnwmyAqy hor ivsQwr drswey hn[ kYnyfw iv`c is`K vsoN dI Awmd Aqyiesdw smwijk pRBwv d`sx auprMq kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dI vwrqw

rcI hY[ kwmwgwtw mwrU duKWq qoN bwd gdr pwrtI lihr Aqy gdrIbwibAW dw ies duKWq qoN pRyrq ho ky jMgy-AwzwdI iv`c Swml hoxwbVy jIvMq FMg nwl pyS kIqw hY[

fwktr syKoN ny kYnyfw ivKy is`K BweIcwry v`loN sQwpq gurU GrWdw vI suMdr FMg nwl aulyK kIqw hY[ AKIr 'qy pMjwbI bolI Aqy is`KBweIcwry dI cVHq vI ibAwn kIqI hY[

mYƒ pRsMnqw hY ieh kwrj myry sihkrmI rhy fw. hrBjn isMGsyKoN ny kIqw hY[ ieiqhws isrjxw Aqy qrk sMgq FMg nwl ausdIpySkwrI suXog klmW dw Drm huMdw hY[ cMgI g`l hY ik fw. syKoN nyieh Drm krm bVI bwrIkI nwl inBwieAw hY[

ieiqhws dI punr ivAwiKAw krky kwmwgwtw mwrU dy 100 vrHybwAd fw. syKoN ny swƒ Awpxy puriKAW nwl joiVAw hY[ ieh pusqkpRyrnw sRoq bx ky pMjwbI ipAwirAW ƒ AQwh pRyrnw dyvygI ieh myrIkwmnw hY[

mYN fw. syKoN ƒ mu`lvwn pusqk ilKx 'qy mubwrkbwd dyNdw hW[

fw. nC`qr isMG m`lHIvweIs cWslr

gurU kwSI XUnIvristIqlvMfI swbo (biTMfw)

imqI 8.1.2014

(i) (ii)

kuJ SbdBwrq dI jMgy-AwzwdI iv`c kwmw gwtw mwrU jhwz rwhIN kYnyfw

dI DrqI 'qy gey XwqrUAW nwl hoieAw dur-ivhwr A`j vI ieiqhwsdw Amr ih`sw hY[ pihlI vwr BwrqI ivSyS kr ky pMjwbI AxK nUMvlUMDiVAw igAw[ cIn jpwn qoN gey XwqrUAW leI hor ivhwr prBwrqIAW leI hor kwnUMn 'qy ivhwr A`j vI nw kwbly - muAwPI jurmsI, hY Aqy rhygw[ pMjwb dy srhwlI (ijlHw qrn qwrn) ksby qoNkwmwgwtw mwrU jhwj ikrwey 'qy lY ky pMjwbI muswiPr lY ky kYnyfwjwxw BwvyN mUl rUp iv`c inrol vpwrk kwrj sI pr kYnyfIAnhkUmq v`loN imilAw dur-ivhwr AxKIlI cyqnw ƒ zKmI kr igAw[sB nwloN v`D duKdweI PrMgI hkUmq dw ies jhwz rwhIN prqyXwqrUAW nwl bj bj Gwt (klk`qw) ivKy hoieAw hOlnwk kwrnwmwqy ivhwr sI ijs nwl kuJ pMjwbI sUrimAW ƒ ShwdqW dw jwm nsIbhoieAw[

kYnyfw vsdy pMjwbI BrwvW ny Awpxy pMjwb qoN Awey ies jhwzdy muswPrW ƒ kYnyfw auqrn leI hr kwƒnI cwrwjoeI kIqI prmnie`Cq Pl nsIb nhIN hoieAw[ gdr pwrtI dI sQwpnw qoN Aglyswl hI ieh Bwxw vrqxw jMgy-AwzwdI leI v`fI vMgwr bixAw[zKmI mwniskqw vwly ienHW AxKIly pMjwbIAW ny isrW 'qy kPn bMnHky Kud ƒ kOm leI kurbwn hox vwly mrjIviVAW iv`c Swml krilAw[ cMgI g`l hY ik pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy syvwmukq ivigAwnI, KojI ivdvwn Aqy gurU - ipAwry fwktr hrBjnisMG syKoN ny kYnyfw dy pMjwbI BweIcwry dy hvwly nwl ies Gtnw ƒghu nwl piVHAw, vwicAw Aqy idlcsp rUp iv`c swfy leI iliKAw[

fwktr syKoN pusqk dy AwrMB iv`c swƒ kYnyfw bwry jwxkwrImuh`eIAw krvwauNdy hn[ ienHW au~QoN dI BUgolk siQqI, rwjnIqkhwlwq, vsoN dw ivhwr, v`K v`K smW kwl dIAW hkUmqW dw vyrvwAqy smu`cw smwijk ibrqWq AMikq kIqw hY[

is`K POjI vIrW dIAW v`K v`K jMgW iv`c bhwdrI dy kwrnwmyAqy hor ivsQwr drswey hn[ kYnyfw iv`c is`K vsoN dI Awmd Aqyiesdw smwijk pRBwv d`sx auprMq kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dI vwrqw

rcI hY[ kwmwgwtw mwrU duKWq qoN bwd gdr pwrtI lihr Aqy gdrIbwibAW dw ies duKWq qoN pRyrq ho ky jMgy-AwzwdI iv`c Swml hoxwbVy jIvMq FMg nwl pyS kIqw hY[

fwktr syKoN ny kYnyfw ivKy is`K BweIcwry v`loN sQwpq gurU GrWdw vI suMdr FMg nwl aulyK kIqw hY[ AKIr 'qy pMjwbI bolI Aqy is`KBweIcwry dI cVHq vI ibAwn kIqI hY[

mYƒ pRsMnqw hY ieh kwrj myry sihkrmI rhy fw. hrBjn isMGsyKoN ny kIqw hY[ ieiqhws isrjxw Aqy qrk sMgq FMg nwl ausdIpySkwrI suXog klmW dw Drm huMdw hY[ cMgI g`l hY ik fw. syKoN nyieh Drm krm bVI bwrIkI nwl inBwieAw hY[

ieiqhws dI punr ivAwiKAw krky kwmwgwtw mwrU dy 100 vrHybwAd fw. syKoN ny swƒ Awpxy puriKAW nwl joiVAw hY[ ieh pusqkpRyrnw sRoq bx ky pMjwbI ipAwirAW ƒ AQwh pRyrnw dyvygI ieh myrIkwmnw hY[

mYN fw. syKoN ƒ mu`lvwn pusqk ilKx 'qy mubwrkbwd dyNdw hW[

fw. nC`qr isMG m`lHIvweIs cWslr

gurU kwSI XUnIvristIqlvMfI swbo (biTMfw)

imqI 8.1.2014

(i) (ii)

muK bMdmnu`K dy idloN-idmwg iv`c ipAwr qy n&rq, nykI qy bdI,

mwVw qy cMgw, SWqI qy aup`dr, ienswnIAq qy hYvwnIAq, bhwdrIqy kwierqw, nYiqkqw Aqy AnYiqkqw, igAwn qy AigAwnqw, AwzwdIqy gulwmI, sbr Aqy eIrKw vrgy ivcwrW dw mhW smUh vsdw hY[KojI kihMdy hn ik AxK ienHW iv`coN ijMdgI AMdr Aihm rol AdwkrdI hY[ AxK dw vrqwrw cOrwsI l`K jUn iv`c ivAwpk hY[ mnu`KIjIvn iv`c ieh SkqI hor vI prbl hY[ pr ieh keI vwr smyN dyhwlwqW, s`iBAwcwrk kdrW kImqW, iK`iqAW jW mOsm Anuswr GtdIvDdI rihMdI hY[ Bwrq AMdr pMjwb dy AxKIly XoiDAW dy krwmwqIkOqk bVy ivl`Kx hn[

dyS dy ieiqhws 'c A`TvIN nOvIN eIsvI qoN hI ies prK dIsucyqqw vDI hY qy 'ijs kI lwTI aus kI BYNs' is`D huMdI AweI hY[Bwrq 'c Aqy guAWF iv`c musilm DrmIAW dI igxqI vDyry hox krky ieh SkqISwlI sn ijs kwrn ieh dUjIAW kOmW nUM lu`tdy, pu`tdyAqy ku`tdy rhy[ aunHW dy Drm krmW dw s`iqAwnws kr ky lokW dIAWie`zqW-AzmqW nUM pYrW hyT roldy rhy[ hor qW hor mugl &OjI rotI dytukVy vI mUMh koloN iK`c lYNdy sn qW hI ieiqhwskwrW ny Aihmd SwhAbdwlI dy smyN dI qsvIr ieM\ pyS kIqI hY:

'KwDw pIqw lwhy dw, qy vicAw Aihmd Swhy dw'[smyN smyN BwrqIAW viSMidAW ny ienWH dy bVy zbr hMFwey[

pMjwb vwsIAW nUM ieh sMqwp vDyry J`lxw ipAw[ pMjwb DwVvIAW dwmu`K duAwr hox krky mugl &OzW Awaux smyN Aqy jwx v^q vI aujwVwkrdIAW[ duKI hwlqW ny Aqy gurU ikRpw ny pMjwbIAW dI su`qI AxKnUM jgwieAw, ijs kwrn ieQoN dy sUrimAW ny AOdIAW jWdIAW &OjW nUMlu`txw SurU kr id`qw[ ijs ny mwq bolI iv`c 'corW nUM pY gey mor'muhwvirAW nUM jnm id`qw[

is`K gurU swihbwn dI SWqmeI nIqI, sihxSIlqw, AxK AqykurbwnIAW dI soc Aqy sMdyS ny pMjwbIAq nUM AYsw hlUixAw ik mhWXu`DW iv`coN mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny is`K rwj sQwipq kIqw jo 46swl 9 mhIny Aqy kuJ idn c`ilAw[ ies rwj ny pMjwb vwsIAW nUM

(iii) (iv)

svrg dI Jlk idKw dIqI[ srdwr dI mOq auprMq ieh rwj gorIhkUmq dw gulwm bixAw, AxK rulx l`gI Aqy gdwrI mOlx l`gI[pMjwb AwriQk qOr qy sony dI icVI sI pr AMgryz hkUmq ny iesAwriQkqw dI jwn k`F leI qy pMjwb im`tI dw Gu`gU bxn l`gw[ prAxKIlIAW rUhW qrlom`CI hoeIAW, AxKW jwgIAW, sMGrS iCVy,lhU dIAW ndIAW vgIAW, sUrmqweIAW rMg ilAweIAW-dyS AwzwdhoieAw[

eys lMmy ieiqhws nUM fwktr hrBjn isMG syKoN ny hQlIpusqk iv`c pyS kridAW fUMGI Koj Aqy qrk nUM Durw bxwieAw hY[

pihly kWf iv`c kYnyfw dI DrqI, Drwql p`Dr, mOsm, ik`qy,lok jIvn Aqy s`iBAwcwr dI pySkwrI kIqI hY[ eyQoN dy AwidvwsIeySIAw qoN Awey, iPr PrWs dy lok Awey qW dohW kOmW dI bhuqKVkI[ iPr brqwnvI srkwr ny mnBwauNdIAW kOmW nUM eyQy vswieAw[is`KW dw eyQy vsxw ie`k romWck kWf hY[ is`K &OjIAW ny brqwnvIsrkwr ADIn lVidAW AYsw lohw jmwieAw ik ieh srkwr dyidlW 'qy rwj krn l`gy[ eysy hI KuSI iv`c is`K &OjIAW nUM ibRitSkulMbIAw dI sYr krvweI qy aus sYr dy svrgI nzwirAW ny is`KW dyeyQy vsx dy mn bxwey[ pihlW Awey swfy siqkwrq bzurgW ny eyQydy Drm, nsl Awid dy ivqkirAW dIAW bVIAW musIbqW J`lIAWpr sihxSIlqw dw p`lw PV ky auh idn vI k`t ley[ A`j pMjwbIsrb KyqrW dy srb ivkws iv`c rwq idn ie`k kr ky juty hn qyfwktr syKoN AwriQkqw dw Durw bxOn dI koiSS iv`c hn[ ieh KyqI,ivaupwr, pMjwbI bolI, s`iBAwcwr, is`K Drm dy pwswr qy rwjnIqI,KyfW, iv`idAw Kyqr iv`c bulMdIAW v`l nUM jw rhy hn[ niSAW dIKyqI qy ivaupwr, irSiqAW dI sOdybwjI, dUjy dI qr`kI dw swVw jyAsIN dUr r`KIey qW pMjwbI kYnyfw dI DrqI dy Awm nhIN, AihmviSMdy bx jwxgy[

dUjy kWf iv`c is`K &OjIAW dy DrmI h`T dI pySkwrI hY[ dySkOm leI l`KW qsIhy J`l ky Awpw vwridAW sUlIAW dy s&r q`k mOqnUM mKOlW kIqIAW[ ie`k mhwn kvI sMq sMDU ilKdw hY:

sIs sIs qoN c`l ky, jd qlI 'qy Awx itkdw hY[iPr nw koeI idnI itkdw hY, qy nw koeI rwq itkdw hY[

muK bMdmnu`K dy idloN-idmwg iv`c ipAwr qy n&rq, nykI qy bdI,

mwVw qy cMgw, SWqI qy aup`dr, ienswnIAq qy hYvwnIAq, bhwdrIqy kwierqw, nYiqkqw Aqy AnYiqkqw, igAwn qy AigAwnqw, AwzwdIqy gulwmI, sbr Aqy eIrKw vrgy ivcwrW dw mhW smUh vsdw hY[KojI kihMdy hn ik AxK ienHW iv`coN ijMdgI AMdr Aihm rol AdwkrdI hY[ AxK dw vrqwrw cOrwsI l`K jUn iv`c ivAwpk hY[ mnu`KIjIvn iv`c ieh SkqI hor vI prbl hY[ pr ieh keI vwr smyN dyhwlwqW, s`iBAwcwrk kdrW kImqW, iK`iqAW jW mOsm Anuswr GtdIvDdI rihMdI hY[ Bwrq AMdr pMjwb dy AxKIly XoiDAW dy krwmwqIkOqk bVy ivl`Kx hn[

dyS dy ieiqhws 'c A`TvIN nOvIN eIsvI qoN hI ies prK dIsucyqqw vDI hY qy 'ijs kI lwTI aus kI BYNs' is`D huMdI AweI hY[Bwrq 'c Aqy guAWF iv`c musilm DrmIAW dI igxqI vDyry hox krky ieh SkqISwlI sn ijs kwrn ieh dUjIAW kOmW nUM lu`tdy, pu`tdyAqy ku`tdy rhy[ aunHW dy Drm krmW dw s`iqAwnws kr ky lokW dIAWie`zqW-AzmqW nUM pYrW hyT roldy rhy[ hor qW hor mugl &OjI rotI dytukVy vI mUMh koloN iK`c lYNdy sn qW hI ieiqhwskwrW ny Aihmd SwhAbdwlI dy smyN dI qsvIr ieM\ pyS kIqI hY:

'KwDw pIqw lwhy dw, qy vicAw Aihmd Swhy dw'[smyN smyN BwrqIAW viSMidAW ny ienWH dy bVy zbr hMFwey[

pMjwb vwsIAW nUM ieh sMqwp vDyry J`lxw ipAw[ pMjwb DwVvIAW dwmu`K duAwr hox krky mugl &OzW Awaux smyN Aqy jwx v^q vI aujwVwkrdIAW[ duKI hwlqW ny Aqy gurU ikRpw ny pMjwbIAW dI su`qI AxKnUM jgwieAw, ijs kwrn ieQoN dy sUrimAW ny AOdIAW jWdIAW &OjW nUMlu`txw SurU kr id`qw[ ijs ny mwq bolI iv`c 'corW nUM pY gey mor'muhwvirAW nUM jnm id`qw[

is`K gurU swihbwn dI SWqmeI nIqI, sihxSIlqw, AxK AqykurbwnIAW dI soc Aqy sMdyS ny pMjwbIAq nUM AYsw hlUixAw ik mhWXu`DW iv`coN mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny is`K rwj sQwipq kIqw jo 46swl 9 mhIny Aqy kuJ idn c`ilAw[ ies rwj ny pMjwb vwsIAW nUM

(iii) (iv)

svrg dI Jlk idKw dIqI[ srdwr dI mOq auprMq ieh rwj gorIhkUmq dw gulwm bixAw, AxK rulx l`gI Aqy gdwrI mOlx l`gI[pMjwb AwriQk qOr qy sony dI icVI sI pr AMgryz hkUmq ny iesAwriQkqw dI jwn k`F leI qy pMjwb im`tI dw Gu`gU bxn l`gw[ prAxKIlIAW rUhW qrlom`CI hoeIAW, AxKW jwgIAW, sMGrS iCVy,lhU dIAW ndIAW vgIAW, sUrmqweIAW rMg ilAweIAW-dyS AwzwdhoieAw[

eys lMmy ieiqhws nUM fwktr hrBjn isMG syKoN ny hQlIpusqk iv`c pyS kridAW fUMGI Koj Aqy qrk nUM Durw bxwieAw hY[

pihly kWf iv`c kYnyfw dI DrqI, Drwql p`Dr, mOsm, ik`qy,lok jIvn Aqy s`iBAwcwr dI pySkwrI kIqI hY[ eyQoN dy AwidvwsIeySIAw qoN Awey, iPr PrWs dy lok Awey qW dohW kOmW dI bhuqKVkI[ iPr brqwnvI srkwr ny mnBwauNdIAW kOmW nUM eyQy vswieAw[is`KW dw eyQy vsxw ie`k romWck kWf hY[ is`K &OjIAW ny brqwnvIsrkwr ADIn lVidAW AYsw lohw jmwieAw ik ieh srkwr dyidlW 'qy rwj krn l`gy[ eysy hI KuSI iv`c is`K &OjIAW nUM ibRitSkulMbIAw dI sYr krvweI qy aus sYr dy svrgI nzwirAW ny is`KW dyeyQy vsx dy mn bxwey[ pihlW Awey swfy siqkwrq bzurgW ny eyQydy Drm, nsl Awid dy ivqkirAW dIAW bVIAW musIbqW J`lIAWpr sihxSIlqw dw p`lw PV ky auh idn vI k`t ley[ A`j pMjwbIsrb KyqrW dy srb ivkws iv`c rwq idn ie`k kr ky juty hn qyfwktr syKoN AwriQkqw dw Durw bxOn dI koiSS iv`c hn[ ieh KyqI,ivaupwr, pMjwbI bolI, s`iBAwcwr, is`K Drm dy pwswr qy rwjnIqI,KyfW, iv`idAw Kyqr iv`c bulMdIAW v`l nUM jw rhy hn[ niSAW dIKyqI qy ivaupwr, irSiqAW dI sOdybwjI, dUjy dI qr`kI dw swVw jyAsIN dUr r`KIey qW pMjwbI kYnyfw dI DrqI dy Awm nhIN, AihmviSMdy bx jwxgy[

dUjy kWf iv`c is`K &OjIAW dy DrmI h`T dI pySkwrI hY[ dySkOm leI l`KW qsIhy J`l ky Awpw vwridAW sUlIAW dy s&r q`k mOqnUM mKOlW kIqIAW[ ie`k mhwn kvI sMq sMDU ilKdw hY:

sIs sIs qoN c`l ky, jd qlI 'qy Awx itkdw hY[iPr nw koeI idnI itkdw hY, qy nw koeI rwq itkdw hY[

is`K srdwrW dy ies swhs ny AMgryz hkUmq dy idl ij`qley[ &lsrUp brqwnvI srkwr ny is`KW nUM AwpxI &Oj iv`c iKVy-m`Qy BrqI krn iv`c mwx mihsUs kIqw[

qIjy kWf iv`c kYnyfw iv`c Awm is`KW dI Awmd , brqwnvIsrkwr v`loN is`K &OjIAW nUM hor dySW iv`c Byjxw, swbkw &OjIAW leIkYnyfw dy bUhy KolHxw, kYnyfIAn lokW v`loN is`K Awmd dw ivroD,kwnUMnI AiVky, is`KW dw j`QybMd hoxw, Kwlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loNv`fw auprwlw, Awm is`KW v`loN qn, mn qy Dn vwrnw, &wrm vycxq`k dI kurbwnI krnI-ieiqhws dw ie`k rh`smeI qy gOrvmeI ih`swhY[

kwmwgwtw mwrU pusqk dw cOQw kWf hY jo Awpxy Awp iv`c ie`kdrdmeI ieiqhwsk swkw hY ijs iv`c ie`k Ajyhw duKWq vwpirAwjo sdw leI mihsUs huMdw rhygw[ KyqI dIAW ijnsW 'c lu`t, mwlIeydI mwr Aqy grIbI dy sqwey lokW dw kYnyfw vsyby leI Awauxw,srdwr gurid`q isMG v`loN jhwz ikrwey qy lYxw, iemIgrySn kwnUMnbdlx leI Kws hMBlw, musw&rW nUM vwps ieMfIAw Byjxw, kwnUMnIs^qI, dyS-ivdySW iv`c muzwhry hoxy, jhwz nUM jbrI Byjx leIpulIs vDIkIAW, bj bj Gwt dw swkw, gdwrW dIAW kucwlW Aqyby-ksUirAW dI kqlogwrq ie`k lhU iB`jI gwQw hY[

pMjvyN kWf iv`c gdr, gdwr Aqy gdwrIAW nUM pRBwiSq kIqwhY[ ies kWf dI ivl`Kxqw hY ik gdr hmySw Bu`K, nMg qy qMgIAWqurSIAW dy sqwey lokW v`loN SurU huMdy Awey hn pr ies gdr lihrnUM kYnyfw, AmrIkw Awid dySW iv`c v`fw huMgwrw imilAw[ ieQoN dymOjW krdy r`jy-pu`jy s`jxw ny ies lihr nUM v`fw AMjwm id`qw[ ienHWny lokW dy drd nUM Awpxw du`K smiJAw Aqy pihl kdmI krky hrp`KoN iemdwd kIqI[ Bwrq phuMcx leI Awpxy kwrobwr Aqy su`KinCwvr krky dyS dI AwzwdI leI Bwrq jw ibgl bjwieAw[

CyvyN kWf iv`c kYnyfw dy is`K gurU GrW dy ieiqhws nUM bVI hIbwrIkI Aqy ivsQwr nwl pyS kIqw hY[ aunIN sO cwr iv`c srdwrArjn isMG mlk (luiDAwxw) kYnyfw Awey qW ie`k kirSmw pYdwkr ky Awey, auh ieh ik Awp sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI pwvn bIVnwl lY ky Awey[ gurU mhwrwj jI dw pRkwS ie`k in`jI Gr iv`c kIqw

sI qy gurU Gr dy SrDwlU dUroN dUroN Aw ky nqmsqk huMdy sn[ PyrienHW gurU Gr sQwpq krn leI PMf iek`qrqw SurU kIqI pr gorylokW ny pihlI auswrI leI bVw v`fw ivroD kIqw[ aunI sO A`T iv`civroDqw ivru`D kwnUMnI ij`q pRwpq hoeI ijs krky gurU pMQ dy inSwnswihb (JMfy) JUlx l`gy[ bwAd iv`c ivrwsqI gurU Gr AYbtsPorfdI auswrI vyly ie`k ikRSmw hoieAw, auh ieh ik im`l dy mwlk goryny gurU Gr dI auswrI leI swrI l`kV dwn v`joN id`qI Aqy im`l iv`ckMm kr rhy is`K SrDwlUAW ny swrw idn kMm krn mgroN syvw vjoNisrW jW moiFAW 'qy l`kV FoA ky ieh ieiqhwsk kwrj AwrMiBAw[pihly gurU Gr dI auswrI hoeI, bwAd iv`c ies dy swmHxy bhuqIzmIn KRId ky v`fy guruU Gr dI auswrI kIqI geI[

A`j AsIN dyKdy hW ik ies Sihr iv`c cwr v`fy gurU Gr hnAqy kYnyfw hI nhIN dunIAW dy hr ih`sy ij`Qy nwnk nwm lyvw rihMdyhn, gurU GrW dy drbwr ibrwjmwn hn[ ienHW gurU GrW iv`c ij`Qyhr smyN gurbwxI, kQw, kIrqn, kvISrI, FwfI klw dw gwien huMdwhY au~Qy ivAwh SwdIAW, KuSI, gmI dy Bog pwey jWdy hn[ ies qoNielwvw pMjwbI sMgIq iv`idAw , g`qkw Awid dIAW klwsW cldIAWhn[ pMjwbI swihq sBwvW dIAW mIitMgW ie`Qy huMdIAW hn, KUn dwnkYNp , bImwrIAW dI rokQwm dy tIky Awid dIAW shUlqW ienHW GrWiv`c aupl`Bd hn[ gurU dy lMgr hr QW, hr vkq cldy hn, ijs dwAwnMd hr kOm dw bMdw mwxdw hY[ jy gurU Gr nw hox qW swfy bzurgWdI ijMdgI grk skdI hY pr eyQy auh Awpxw du`K su`K sWJw kr kymwnisk qy srIrk qMdrusqI mwxdy hn[ swrIAW hI pMjwbI AKbwrWgurU GrW iv`c mu&q auplBd huMdIAW hn[

s`qvyN kWf iv`c pMjwb, pMjwbI Aqy pMjwbIAq dw vrxn hY[pMjwbI bolI, swihq, s`iBAwcwr dw bhuBWqI rlyvW, pMjwbIAW dIAWs^q imhnqW dy ikRSmy, kYnyfI AwriQkqw leI pMjwbIAW dw Xogdwn,kYnyfIAn &Oj Aqy pulIs iv`c pMjwbIAW dy ruqby Aqy mwry mwArky,isAwsq iv`c rol Awid dI lMmI lVI dw ibAwn hY[

AMq iv`c mYN khWgw ik ies pusqk dy ilKwrI dI ivSw coxAqy inBwA qy bhuq hI mzbUq pkV hY[ pusqk iv`c 1904 qoN A`j

(v) (vi)

is`K srdwrW dy ies swhs ny AMgryz hkUmq dy idl ij`qley[ &lsrUp brqwnvI srkwr ny is`KW nUM AwpxI &Oj iv`c iKVy-m`Qy BrqI krn iv`c mwx mihsUs kIqw[

qIjy kWf iv`c kYnyfw iv`c Awm is`KW dI Awmd , brqwnvIsrkwr v`loN is`K &OjIAW nUM hor dySW iv`c Byjxw, swbkw &OjIAW leIkYnyfw dy bUhy KolHxw, kYnyfIAn lokW v`loN is`K Awmd dw ivroD,kwnUMnI AiVky, is`KW dw j`QybMd hoxw, Kwlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loNv`fw auprwlw, Awm is`KW v`loN qn, mn qy Dn vwrnw, &wrm vycxq`k dI kurbwnI krnI-ieiqhws dw ie`k rh`smeI qy gOrvmeI ih`swhY[

kwmwgwtw mwrU pusqk dw cOQw kWf hY jo Awpxy Awp iv`c ie`kdrdmeI ieiqhwsk swkw hY ijs iv`c ie`k Ajyhw duKWq vwpirAwjo sdw leI mihsUs huMdw rhygw[ KyqI dIAW ijnsW 'c lu`t, mwlIeydI mwr Aqy grIbI dy sqwey lokW dw kYnyfw vsyby leI Awauxw,srdwr gurid`q isMG v`loN jhwz ikrwey qy lYxw, iemIgrySn kwnUMnbdlx leI Kws hMBlw, musw&rW nUM vwps ieMfIAw Byjxw, kwnUMnIs^qI, dyS-ivdySW iv`c muzwhry hoxy, jhwz nUM jbrI Byjx leIpulIs vDIkIAW, bj bj Gwt dw swkw, gdwrW dIAW kucwlW Aqyby-ksUirAW dI kqlogwrq ie`k lhU iB`jI gwQw hY[

pMjvyN kWf iv`c gdr, gdwr Aqy gdwrIAW nUM pRBwiSq kIqwhY[ ies kWf dI ivl`Kxqw hY ik gdr hmySw Bu`K, nMg qy qMgIAWqurSIAW dy sqwey lokW v`loN SurU huMdy Awey hn pr ies gdr lihrnUM kYnyfw, AmrIkw Awid dySW iv`c v`fw huMgwrw imilAw[ ieQoN dymOjW krdy r`jy-pu`jy s`jxw ny ies lihr nUM v`fw AMjwm id`qw[ ienHWny lokW dy drd nUM Awpxw du`K smiJAw Aqy pihl kdmI krky hrp`KoN iemdwd kIqI[ Bwrq phuMcx leI Awpxy kwrobwr Aqy su`KinCwvr krky dyS dI AwzwdI leI Bwrq jw ibgl bjwieAw[

CyvyN kWf iv`c kYnyfw dy is`K gurU GrW dy ieiqhws nUM bVI hIbwrIkI Aqy ivsQwr nwl pyS kIqw hY[ aunIN sO cwr iv`c srdwrArjn isMG mlk (luiDAwxw) kYnyfw Awey qW ie`k kirSmw pYdwkr ky Awey, auh ieh ik Awp sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI pwvn bIVnwl lY ky Awey[ gurU mhwrwj jI dw pRkwS ie`k in`jI Gr iv`c kIqw

sI qy gurU Gr dy SrDwlU dUroN dUroN Aw ky nqmsqk huMdy sn[ PyrienHW gurU Gr sQwpq krn leI PMf iek`qrqw SurU kIqI pr gorylokW ny pihlI auswrI leI bVw v`fw ivroD kIqw[ aunI sO A`T iv`civroDqw ivru`D kwnUMnI ij`q pRwpq hoeI ijs krky gurU pMQ dy inSwnswihb (JMfy) JUlx l`gy[ bwAd iv`c ivrwsqI gurU Gr AYbtsPorfdI auswrI vyly ie`k ikRSmw hoieAw, auh ieh ik im`l dy mwlk goryny gurU Gr dI auswrI leI swrI l`kV dwn v`joN id`qI Aqy im`l iv`ckMm kr rhy is`K SrDwlUAW ny swrw idn kMm krn mgroN syvw vjoNisrW jW moiFAW 'qy l`kV FoA ky ieh ieiqhwsk kwrj AwrMiBAw[pihly gurU Gr dI auswrI hoeI, bwAd iv`c ies dy swmHxy bhuqIzmIn KRId ky v`fy guruU Gr dI auswrI kIqI geI[

A`j AsIN dyKdy hW ik ies Sihr iv`c cwr v`fy gurU Gr hnAqy kYnyfw hI nhIN dunIAW dy hr ih`sy ij`Qy nwnk nwm lyvw rihMdyhn, gurU GrW dy drbwr ibrwjmwn hn[ ienHW gurU GrW iv`c ij`Qyhr smyN gurbwxI, kQw, kIrqn, kvISrI, FwfI klw dw gwien huMdwhY au~Qy ivAwh SwdIAW, KuSI, gmI dy Bog pwey jWdy hn[ ies qoNielwvw pMjwbI sMgIq iv`idAw , g`qkw Awid dIAW klwsW cldIAWhn[ pMjwbI swihq sBwvW dIAW mIitMgW ie`Qy huMdIAW hn, KUn dwnkYNp , bImwrIAW dI rokQwm dy tIky Awid dIAW shUlqW ienHW GrWiv`c aupl`Bd hn[ gurU dy lMgr hr QW, hr vkq cldy hn, ijs dwAwnMd hr kOm dw bMdw mwxdw hY[ jy gurU Gr nw hox qW swfy bzurgWdI ijMdgI grk skdI hY pr eyQy auh Awpxw du`K su`K sWJw kr kymwnisk qy srIrk qMdrusqI mwxdy hn[ swrIAW hI pMjwbI AKbwrWgurU GrW iv`c mu&q auplBd huMdIAW hn[

s`qvyN kWf iv`c pMjwb, pMjwbI Aqy pMjwbIAq dw vrxn hY[pMjwbI bolI, swihq, s`iBAwcwr dw bhuBWqI rlyvW, pMjwbIAW dIAWs^q imhnqW dy ikRSmy, kYnyfI AwriQkqw leI pMjwbIAW dw Xogdwn,kYnyfIAn &Oj Aqy pulIs iv`c pMjwbIAW dy ruqby Aqy mwry mwArky,isAwsq iv`c rol Awid dI lMmI lVI dw ibAwn hY[

AMq iv`c mYN khWgw ik ies pusqk dy ilKwrI dI ivSw coxAqy inBwA qy bhuq hI mzbUq pkV hY[ pusqk iv`c 1904 qoN A`j

(v) (vi)

q`k dy eyQoN dy jIvn dI SbdW rwhIN PotogRwPI kIqI hY[ bolI TyT,muhwvrydwr qy mwlvy dw rMg r`KdI hY[ smu`cy qOr qy khWgw ik ivSyAqy AwSy p`KoN ieh pusqk Al`g Aqy ivl`Kx sQwn rKdI hY[ilKwrI dI phuMc qrkvwdI Aqy swieMtyiPk hY[

fwktr syKoN jI ny s`q pusqkW ilK ky pMjwbI swihq dy Kzwnyiv`c vDIAw ih`sw pwieAw hY[ prmwqmw A`gy Ardws hY ik ienHW nUMhor ilKx dw bl bKSy Aqy hor nvyklw ivSw lY ky pwTkW dy rU-brUhox[

DMnvwid swihqsurjIq isMG

swbkw muKI pMjwbI ivBwggurU nwnk nYSnl kwlj, nkodr (ijlHw jlMDr)

(vii)

q`k dy eyQoN dy jIvn dI SbdW rwhIN PotogRwPI kIqI hY[ bolI TyT,muhwvrydwr qy mwlvy dw rMg r`KdI hY[ smu`cy qOr qy khWgw ik ivSyAqy AwSy p`KoN ieh pusqk Al`g Aqy ivl`Kx sQwn rKdI hY[ilKwrI dI phuMc qrkvwdI Aqy swieMtyiPk hY[

fwktr syKoN jI ny s`q pusqkW ilK ky pMjwbI swihq dy Kzwnyiv`c vDIAw ih`sw pwieAw hY[ prmwqmw A`gy Ardws hY ik ienHW nUMhor ilKx dw bl bKSy Aqy hor nvyklw ivSw lY ky pwTkW dy rU-brUhox[

DMnvwid swihqsurjIq isMG

swbkw muKI pMjwbI ivBwggurU nwnk nYSnl kwlj, nkodr (ijlHw jlMDr)

(vii)

BUimkwA`j dy ivigAwnk Xu`g AMdr mnu`K prmwqmw dI b^SI Akl

nwl aun`qI dy ^yqr iv`c v`fIAW aulwGW p`ut irhw hY[ ivigAwndIAW nvIAW kwFW ny srb ivAwpI sMswr dIAW dUrIAW nUM bhuq nyVykr id`qw hY[ swlW b`DI s&r nUM GMitAW iv`c qbdIl kr id`qw hYAqy &on Awid rwhIN GMitAW ip`CoN suxn vwlI g`l nUM sikMtW 'c bdlid`qw hY[ ies aun`qI kwrn vpwr idno idn vD irhw hY Aqy cwrypwsy pdwrQvwd dw bol bwlw hY[ pdwrQvwd dI iK`c prvws nUMjnm idMdI hY[

prvws Awm krky grIbI, byruzgwrI, srkwrI nIqIAW, kwl,hVHW jW Xu`D Awid dy kwrn huMdw hY[ ies qoN ielwvw bMdy dy mn dIbwhr jwx pRqI iK`c jW soc vI prvws dw kwrn bx jWdI hY[prmjIq isMG j`j ny ies nUM 'D`k Aqy iK`c' dw isDWq iliKAw hY[keI vwr cMgI izMdgI ibqwauxw, aucyrI is~iKAw hwsl krnw Aqyb`icAW dy au~jl Biv`K leI vI bMdw prvws krdw hY[ prvws dyieiqhwskwrW ny keI pVwA mMny hn, ijvyN ik Awpxy Awp bMdy dwjwxw, iPr iesqrI nUM rwhdwrI Byj ky mMgw lYxw, mW-bwp dwprvws, mW-bwp dy nwl nbwlg b`icAW dw jwxw, koiSS krkyirSqydwrW nUM mMgwauxw Awid[

pMjwb dI s`iBAqw bVI purwqn, gOrvmeI Aqy ivsmwdI hY[ies dI DrqI aupjwaU hox krky AMndwqI hY[ gurU ikRpw sdkw is`KDrm dy hoNd iv`c Awaux kwrx ies DrqI dy lok bhuq a~udmI,imhnqI Aqy ihMmqI hn[ ies DrqI ny kyvl CYl-CbIly, bhwdrAqy AxKI XoDy hI pYdw nhIN kIqy sgoN AiDAwqmk bl vwly pIr,&kIr Aqy mhWpurK vI pYdw kIqy hn[ Asl iv`c pMjwb gurUAW,BgqW, irSIAW, munIAW Aqy &kIrW dI DrqI hY[ ihMdusqwn dI iehKVg Bujw hox krky bwhrI hmilAW kwrn sB qoN v`D nukswn pMjwbdw hI hoieAw hY[pr gurmiq iPlws&I ny ieQoN dI lukweI nUM AYsIcVHdI klw dw sbk isKwieAw ik jrvwixAW dy mUMh ienHW ny burIqrHW BMny[ pRo&Ysr pUrn isMG ny pMjwb dy g`BrUAW bwry ieMJ ibAwnkIqw hY:

ieh bypRvwh pMjwb, dy mOq nUM mKOlW krn[mrn QIN nhIN frdy, jwn koh AwpxI vwr dyNdy [pr tYN nw mMnx iksy dI, Klo jwx fwgW moFy qy aulwr ky[AKVKWd Albyly, Dur QIN siqgurW dy, Awzwd kIqy ieh bMdy[pMjwb nw ihMdU, nw muslmwn, pMjwb swrw jINdw gurW dy nW qy[Syry-ie-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy is`K rwj 'qy 1949

iv`c brqwnIAW srkwr kwbj ho geI[ pr AMgryzW ny is`KW dIDWk, bhwdrI hOsly Aqy AxK nUM q`k dUjIAW kOmW dy mukwbly ienHWnUM AwpxI &Oj AMdr v`fI igxqI iv`c BrqI kIqw[ is`K &OjIAW dIv`KrI id`K, Swn-SOkq Aqy AxoKy ikRSimAW nUM q`k ienHW nUM ieMglYNfAqy kYnyfw iv`c AwXoijq kIqy ^ws srkwrI smwgmW 'qy iljwieAwigAw Aqy dUr-durwfy ielwikAW dI sYr vI krvweI[ kYnyfw dIAWsuMdr, sw&-suQrIAW, hrIAW-BrIAW Aqy mnmohk husIn vwdIAWdyK is`K &OjIAW dy mnW AMdr AYsIAW QwvW qy rihx leI v`fI iK`cpYdw hoeI jo prvwsI hox dw kwrn bx geI[

ienHW isK &OjIAW nUM ieh jwxkwrI vI imlI ik kYnyfw AwvwsIAWdw mulk hY[ ieQoN dI srkwr dyS dI aun`qI leI AKbwrW iv`cieSiqhwr dy ky AwvwsIAW nUM auqSwhq kr rhI hY Aqy rihx leIkw&I shUlqW vI pRdwn krdI hY[ srkwr nUM sony dIAW KwxW , rylptVIAW Aqy hor DwqW k`Fx leI mzdUrW dI loV hY[ ies qoNielwvW l`kV dIAW im`lW vwilAW nUM vI kwimAW dI loV hY AqyKyqIbwVI dy DMdy nUM vI qrzIh id`qI jw rhI hY[

ipClIAW Cy sdIAW qoN bwhrI hmilAW kwrn Aqy brqwnIAWswmrwj dIAW lu`t-Ksu`t nIqIAW kwrn pMjwb dy is`KW dI mwlIhwlq bhuq kmzor ho cu`kI sI[ KyqIbwVI vrKw 'qy inrBr hox krky &slW dI pYdwvwr G`t sI[ keI vwr gVymwrI kwrn qy kwl pYxkrky &sl qbwh ho jWdI sI Aqy pwieAw bIj vI nhIN sI muVdw,au~proN srkwrI mwmly dI AdwiegI kwrn jIvn inrbwh bhuq qMgIiv`c sI[ SwhUkwrW v`loN krjy dI ivAwj dr bhuqI hox kwrnizmIdwr krzy hyT d`by hoey sI[ g`l kI grIbI ny lukweI nUM AwpxypMjy 'c jkiVAw hoieAw sI[ iesy kwrn hI is`K brqwnvI &Oj 'c

(viii) (ix)

BUimkwA`j dy ivigAwnk Xu`g AMdr mnu`K prmwqmw dI b^SI Akl

nwl aun`qI dy ^yqr iv`c v`fIAW aulwGW p`ut irhw hY[ ivigAwndIAW nvIAW kwFW ny srb ivAwpI sMswr dIAW dUrIAW nUM bhuq nyVykr id`qw hY[ swlW b`DI s&r nUM GMitAW iv`c qbdIl kr id`qw hYAqy &on Awid rwhIN GMitAW ip`CoN suxn vwlI g`l nUM sikMtW 'c bdlid`qw hY[ ies aun`qI kwrn vpwr idno idn vD irhw hY Aqy cwrypwsy pdwrQvwd dw bol bwlw hY[ pdwrQvwd dI iK`c prvws nUMjnm idMdI hY[

prvws Awm krky grIbI, byruzgwrI, srkwrI nIqIAW, kwl,hVHW jW Xu`D Awid dy kwrn huMdw hY[ ies qoN ielwvw bMdy dy mn dIbwhr jwx pRqI iK`c jW soc vI prvws dw kwrn bx jWdI hY[prmjIq isMG j`j ny ies nUM 'D`k Aqy iK`c' dw isDWq iliKAw hY[keI vwr cMgI izMdgI ibqwauxw, aucyrI is~iKAw hwsl krnw Aqyb`icAW dy au~jl Biv`K leI vI bMdw prvws krdw hY[ prvws dyieiqhwskwrW ny keI pVwA mMny hn, ijvyN ik Awpxy Awp bMdy dwjwxw, iPr iesqrI nUM rwhdwrI Byj ky mMgw lYxw, mW-bwp dwprvws, mW-bwp dy nwl nbwlg b`icAW dw jwxw, koiSS krkyirSqydwrW nUM mMgwauxw Awid[

pMjwb dI s`iBAqw bVI purwqn, gOrvmeI Aqy ivsmwdI hY[ies dI DrqI aupjwaU hox krky AMndwqI hY[ gurU ikRpw sdkw is`KDrm dy hoNd iv`c Awaux kwrx ies DrqI dy lok bhuq a~udmI,imhnqI Aqy ihMmqI hn[ ies DrqI ny kyvl CYl-CbIly, bhwdrAqy AxKI XoDy hI pYdw nhIN kIqy sgoN AiDAwqmk bl vwly pIr,&kIr Aqy mhWpurK vI pYdw kIqy hn[ Asl iv`c pMjwb gurUAW,BgqW, irSIAW, munIAW Aqy &kIrW dI DrqI hY[ ihMdusqwn dI iehKVg Bujw hox krky bwhrI hmilAW kwrn sB qoN v`D nukswn pMjwbdw hI hoieAw hY[pr gurmiq iPlws&I ny ieQoN dI lukweI nUM AYsIcVHdI klw dw sbk isKwieAw ik jrvwixAW dy mUMh ienHW ny burIqrHW BMny[ pRo&Ysr pUrn isMG ny pMjwb dy g`BrUAW bwry ieMJ ibAwnkIqw hY:

ieh bypRvwh pMjwb, dy mOq nUM mKOlW krn[mrn QIN nhIN frdy, jwn koh AwpxI vwr dyNdy [pr tYN nw mMnx iksy dI, Klo jwx fwgW moFy qy aulwr ky[AKVKWd Albyly, Dur QIN siqgurW dy, Awzwd kIqy ieh bMdy[pMjwb nw ihMdU, nw muslmwn, pMjwb swrw jINdw gurW dy nW qy[Syry-ie-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy is`K rwj 'qy 1949

iv`c brqwnIAW srkwr kwbj ho geI[ pr AMgryzW ny is`KW dIDWk, bhwdrI hOsly Aqy AxK nUM q`k dUjIAW kOmW dy mukwbly ienHWnUM AwpxI &Oj AMdr v`fI igxqI iv`c BrqI kIqw[ is`K &OjIAW dIv`KrI id`K, Swn-SOkq Aqy AxoKy ikRSimAW nUM q`k ienHW nUM ieMglYNfAqy kYnyfw iv`c AwXoijq kIqy ^ws srkwrI smwgmW 'qy iljwieAwigAw Aqy dUr-durwfy ielwikAW dI sYr vI krvweI[ kYnyfw dIAWsuMdr, sw&-suQrIAW, hrIAW-BrIAW Aqy mnmohk husIn vwdIAWdyK is`K &OjIAW dy mnW AMdr AYsIAW QwvW qy rihx leI v`fI iK`cpYdw hoeI jo prvwsI hox dw kwrn bx geI[

ienHW isK &OjIAW nUM ieh jwxkwrI vI imlI ik kYnyfw AwvwsIAWdw mulk hY[ ieQoN dI srkwr dyS dI aun`qI leI AKbwrW iv`cieSiqhwr dy ky AwvwsIAW nUM auqSwhq kr rhI hY Aqy rihx leIkw&I shUlqW vI pRdwn krdI hY[ srkwr nUM sony dIAW KwxW , rylptVIAW Aqy hor DwqW k`Fx leI mzdUrW dI loV hY[ ies qoNielwvW l`kV dIAW im`lW vwilAW nUM vI kwimAW dI loV hY AqyKyqIbwVI dy DMdy nUM vI qrzIh id`qI jw rhI hY[

ipClIAW Cy sdIAW qoN bwhrI hmilAW kwrn Aqy brqwnIAWswmrwj dIAW lu`t-Ksu`t nIqIAW kwrn pMjwb dy is`KW dI mwlIhwlq bhuq kmzor ho cu`kI sI[ KyqIbwVI vrKw 'qy inrBr hox krky &slW dI pYdwvwr G`t sI[ keI vwr gVymwrI kwrn qy kwl pYxkrky &sl qbwh ho jWdI sI Aqy pwieAw bIj vI nhIN sI muVdw,au~proN srkwrI mwmly dI AdwiegI kwrn jIvn inrbwh bhuq qMgIiv`c sI[ SwhUkwrW v`loN krjy dI ivAwj dr bhuqI hox kwrnizmIdwr krzy hyT d`by hoey sI[ g`l kI grIbI ny lukweI nUM AwpxypMjy 'c jkiVAw hoieAw sI[ iesy kwrn hI is`K brqwnvI &Oj 'c

(viii) (ix)

BrqI huMdy sn[ is`KW dI AwbwdI BwvyN 1.5 pRqISq hI sI pr ienHWdI bhwdrI, swhs Aqy AxK nUM dyK AMgryz srkwr ny is`KW leI25 pRqISq &OjI BrqI r`KI hoeI sI[

AMkiVAW Anuswr AYNglo-A&gwn dIAW lVweIAW, dunIAW dIpihlI Aqy dUjI jMg AMdr 90 hjwr qoN vI v`D ihMdusqwn &OjIShId hoey[ sMn 1868 iv`c bhwdrI bdly 23 is`K pwienIArz dy&OjIAW nUM AMgryz hkUmq ny brqwnIAW swmrwj dI KVg Bujw'(Sword Arm of the British Empire) dw iKqwb id`qw[ kwzImIAlI ny AwpxI pusqk dy mu`K bMd 'c iliKAw hY ik ihMdusqwn dy&OjIAW dI bhwdrI nUM q`k ky Aqy brqwnIAW hkUmq ny aunHW dIkurbwnI nUM mu`K r`K ky ie`k bhuq hI suMdr Xwdgwr 'Indian Gate'(ieMfIAn gyt) bxvwieAw ijhVw A`j vI nvIN id`lI iv`c rwStrpqIBvn kol siQ`q hY[ ies jgHw nUM pihlW King's Way (ikMgz vyA)kihMdy sn[ A`j klH ies nUM 'rwj pQ' kihMdy hn[

kYnyfw ivKy prvws krn Awey pMjwbIAW ijnHW iv`c bhuqy syvwmukq hoey is`K &OjI sn 'qy 1914 iv`c v`fw duKWq vwpirAw ijs nUM'kwmwgwtw mwrU swky' nwl Xwd kIqw jWdw hY[ ieh phuMcy qW ie`QyrozI-rotI ^wqr sn qWik grIbI nUM gloN lwihAw jw sky[ ie`QyphuMcx leI ikrwey Aqy rsqy dy ^rc leI ienHW pYsy mMg-qMg kyiek`Ty kIqy jW SwhUkwrW qoN ivAwj 'qy ley sn[ qkrIbn jdoN domhIny ip`CoN hWgkWg qoN ienW dw jhwz 22 meI 1914 nUM vYnkUvrbMdrgwh 'qy brwf nyVy p`uijAw qW ie`k mIl dUrI 'qy hI fUMGy pwxIiv`c iemIgRySn AiDkwrIAW ny rok id`qw[ do mhIny ip`CoN jbrdsqIAqy D`kw vrq ky jhwz klk`qw dI bMdrgwh nyVy bj bj Gwt qylwaux dw hukm kIqw[ vkIl dI dlIl muqwbk ieh sB kuJ ie`kigxI imQI swizS ADIn qy kwnUMn dI aulMGxw krky kIqw igAw[jhwz dy musw&rW nwl Axmnu`KI ivhwr kIqw igAw[ aunHW leIjhwz AMdr rwSn pwxI jwx qy vI rok lgw id`qI Aqy pulIshiQAwr musw&rW v`l syD ky hr roz frwauNdI DmkwauNdI rhI[srkwr ny kYnyfw dy SihrIAW nUM auksw ky iehnW dy dwKly dy ivroDiv`c mujwhry vI krvwey[

brwqnIAW hkUmq ie`k pwsy qW is`K &OjIAW nUM bVw slwhMudIsI[pr kYnyfw ivKy auhI srkwr is`KW 'qy bwgI suBwau vwly AqylVwkU hox dy ielzwm lgw rhI sI[ Bwv hwQI dy dMd Kwx nUM horAqy idKwaux nUM hor vwlI kwrvweI sI[ c`kr swrw nslI ivqkry,nslI rMg Aqy n&rq dw sI[ gory lok ies dyS nUM kyvl qy kyvlgoirAW dw sQwn hI bxweI r`Kxw cwhuMdy sn[ sMn 1908 iv`cbwdSwh ivilAm lIAOn mkrYNzI ny brqwnIAW dy AiDkwrIAW nUMAwpxI ie`k rIport iv`c hdwieq id`qI ik kYnyfw nUM mYN nYiqk AqyrwjnIiqk qOr qy goirAW dw dyS hI dyKxw cwhuMdw hW[ jo kuJ aus nyh`QIN iliKAw aus dy Sbd sn:

The Canada must remain a white man's country, is seennecessary on moral and political grounds. (William LyonMacrenzie King quoting British authorities in his report on hismission to England, 1908).

pMjwbI iv`c khwvq hY ik ku`qy dw ku`qw vYrI ikauNik ku`qw ijsjgHw jW glI 'c rihMdw hY au~Qy dUjy nUM vVn nhIN idMdw[ ieskwmwgwtw mwrU swky iv`c mwno bMdw bMdy dw vYrI bx igAw[ D`kySwhIjhwz nUM brMg moVn 'qy hI ^qm nhIN hoeI[ bj bj Gwt au~prSWqmeI Aqy inh`Qy musw&rW 'qy golI clw ky ihMdusqwn dI brqwnIAWhkUmq dy AiDkwrIAW ny bhuq swry mOq dy Gwt auqwr id`qy AqybwkIAW nUM pkV ky aunHW qy q`Sdd FwihAw[

Asl iv`c suAwrQI dI zmIr ikrqwrQI A`gy kdy nhIN JukdIAqy nw hI auh aus nUM suxnw jW vyKxw cwhuMdw hY[ suAwrQI qdbIrGVdw hY ikrqwrQI (ikrqI) dI Awvwz nUM bMd krn dI pr ikrqwrQIdI zmIr kOm dI qkdIr nUM bulMd krdI hY[ ies soc nUM mu`K r`K kykwmwgwtw mwrU dy sUrbIrW ny ^qrw mu`l ilAw Aqy joKm auTwey[joKm auTw ky s`c Aqy inAW ^wqr lVnw bhwdrI dI inSwnI hY[jd ik frnw mUrKqw Aqy inrwdrI vwlw kMm hY[ srdwr bhwdrsrdwr gurid`q isMG qoN jdoN pu`iCAw igAw ik qUM ieh glq kMmikauN kIqw? aus ny au~qr iv`c ikhw, "ieh kMm mYN Awaux vwlIAWpIVIHAW leI kYnyfw AMdr dwKly nUM mu`K r`K ky kIqw hY”[

(x) (xi)

BrqI huMdy sn[ is`KW dI AwbwdI BwvyN 1.5 pRqISq hI sI pr ienHWdI bhwdrI, swhs Aqy AxK nUM dyK AMgryz srkwr ny is`KW leI25 pRqISq &OjI BrqI r`KI hoeI sI[

AMkiVAW Anuswr AYNglo-A&gwn dIAW lVweIAW, dunIAW dIpihlI Aqy dUjI jMg AMdr 90 hjwr qoN vI v`D ihMdusqwn &OjIShId hoey[ sMn 1868 iv`c bhwdrI bdly 23 is`K pwienIArz dy&OjIAW nUM AMgryz hkUmq ny brqwnIAW swmrwj dI KVg Bujw'(Sword Arm of the British Empire) dw iKqwb id`qw[ kwzImIAlI ny AwpxI pusqk dy mu`K bMd 'c iliKAw hY ik ihMdusqwn dy&OjIAW dI bhwdrI nUM q`k ky Aqy brqwnIAW hkUmq ny aunHW dIkurbwnI nUM mu`K r`K ky ie`k bhuq hI suMdr Xwdgwr 'Indian Gate'(ieMfIAn gyt) bxvwieAw ijhVw A`j vI nvIN id`lI iv`c rwStrpqIBvn kol siQ`q hY[ ies jgHw nUM pihlW King's Way (ikMgz vyA)kihMdy sn[ A`j klH ies nUM 'rwj pQ' kihMdy hn[

kYnyfw ivKy prvws krn Awey pMjwbIAW ijnHW iv`c bhuqy syvwmukq hoey is`K &OjI sn 'qy 1914 iv`c v`fw duKWq vwpirAw ijs nUM'kwmwgwtw mwrU swky' nwl Xwd kIqw jWdw hY[ ieh phuMcy qW ie`QyrozI-rotI ^wqr sn qWik grIbI nUM gloN lwihAw jw sky[ ie`QyphuMcx leI ikrwey Aqy rsqy dy ^rc leI ienHW pYsy mMg-qMg kyiek`Ty kIqy jW SwhUkwrW qoN ivAwj 'qy ley sn[ qkrIbn jdoN domhIny ip`CoN hWgkWg qoN ienW dw jhwz 22 meI 1914 nUM vYnkUvrbMdrgwh 'qy brwf nyVy p`uijAw qW ie`k mIl dUrI 'qy hI fUMGy pwxIiv`c iemIgRySn AiDkwrIAW ny rok id`qw[ do mhIny ip`CoN jbrdsqIAqy D`kw vrq ky jhwz klk`qw dI bMdrgwh nyVy bj bj Gwt qylwaux dw hukm kIqw[ vkIl dI dlIl muqwbk ieh sB kuJ ie`kigxI imQI swizS ADIn qy kwnUMn dI aulMGxw krky kIqw igAw[jhwz dy musw&rW nwl Axmnu`KI ivhwr kIqw igAw[ aunHW leIjhwz AMdr rwSn pwxI jwx qy vI rok lgw id`qI Aqy pulIshiQAwr musw&rW v`l syD ky hr roz frwauNdI DmkwauNdI rhI[srkwr ny kYnyfw dy SihrIAW nUM auksw ky iehnW dy dwKly dy ivroDiv`c mujwhry vI krvwey[

brwqnIAW hkUmq ie`k pwsy qW is`K &OjIAW nUM bVw slwhMudIsI[pr kYnyfw ivKy auhI srkwr is`KW 'qy bwgI suBwau vwly AqylVwkU hox dy ielzwm lgw rhI sI[ Bwv hwQI dy dMd Kwx nUM horAqy idKwaux nUM hor vwlI kwrvweI sI[ c`kr swrw nslI ivqkry,nslI rMg Aqy n&rq dw sI[ gory lok ies dyS nUM kyvl qy kyvlgoirAW dw sQwn hI bxweI r`Kxw cwhuMdy sn[ sMn 1908 iv`cbwdSwh ivilAm lIAOn mkrYNzI ny brqwnIAW dy AiDkwrIAW nUMAwpxI ie`k rIport iv`c hdwieq id`qI ik kYnyfw nUM mYN nYiqk AqyrwjnIiqk qOr qy goirAW dw dyS hI dyKxw cwhuMdw hW[ jo kuJ aus nyh`QIN iliKAw aus dy Sbd sn:

The Canada must remain a white man's country, is seennecessary on moral and political grounds. (William LyonMacrenzie King quoting British authorities in his report on hismission to England, 1908).

pMjwbI iv`c khwvq hY ik ku`qy dw ku`qw vYrI ikauNik ku`qw ijsjgHw jW glI 'c rihMdw hY au~Qy dUjy nUM vVn nhIN idMdw[ ieskwmwgwtw mwrU swky iv`c mwno bMdw bMdy dw vYrI bx igAw[ D`kySwhIjhwz nUM brMg moVn 'qy hI ^qm nhIN hoeI[ bj bj Gwt au~prSWqmeI Aqy inh`Qy musw&rW 'qy golI clw ky ihMdusqwn dI brqwnIAWhkUmq dy AiDkwrIAW ny bhuq swry mOq dy Gwt auqwr id`qy AqybwkIAW nUM pkV ky aunHW qy q`Sdd FwihAw[

Asl iv`c suAwrQI dI zmIr ikrqwrQI A`gy kdy nhIN JukdIAqy nw hI auh aus nUM suxnw jW vyKxw cwhuMdw hY[ suAwrQI qdbIrGVdw hY ikrqwrQI (ikrqI) dI Awvwz nUM bMd krn dI pr ikrqwrQIdI zmIr kOm dI qkdIr nUM bulMd krdI hY[ ies soc nUM mu`K r`K kykwmwgwtw mwrU dy sUrbIrW ny ^qrw mu`l ilAw Aqy joKm auTwey[joKm auTw ky s`c Aqy inAW ^wqr lVnw bhwdrI dI inSwnI hY[jd ik frnw mUrKqw Aqy inrwdrI vwlw kMm hY[ srdwr bhwdrsrdwr gurid`q isMG qoN jdoN pu`iCAw igAw ik qUM ieh glq kMmikauN kIqw? aus ny au~qr iv`c ikhw, "ieh kMm mYN Awaux vwlIAWpIVIHAW leI kYnyfw AMdr dwKly nUM mu`K r`K ky kIqw hY”[

(x) (xi)

aunHI idnI AmrIkw ivc gdr lihr jor PVH geI sI[ kwmwgwtwmwrU dy duKWq ny dyS dI AwzwdI leI Gol kr rhy gdrIAW dy idlWAMdr bldI A`g 'qy qyl pwaux vwlw kMm kIqw[ 'gdr dI gUMj'A^bwr iv`c kOmI prvwinAW ny kivqwvW rwhIN ieh sMdyS id`qw:

is`DW kIqIAW AsW ny dyS v`lIN,clky mulk AMdr fyrw lw idAWgy[cu`p cwp nhIN bYTdy vyK lYxW,Aw&q koeI nw koeI ilAw idAWgy[….au~To ihMdIau! iqAwr br iqAwr ho jwau,AsIN AwpxI ifaUtI vjw idAWgy[duKI imtx vwly nhIN dwg swfy,k`Fy Sbd zbwno inBw idAWgy[

AYsy hwlwq dyK bcnW dy pUry AxKI sUry Aqy kOm dy nUry gdrIbwby kYnyfw qoN jw ky dyS dI AwzwdI leI jUJy[ Bwrq dy gdrIAWnwl moFy nwl moFw joV ik c`ly Aqy AYsw gdr mcwieAw ik AKIrgoirAW nUM AwzwdI dw AYlwn krnw ipAw[ sMn 1914 qoN 1947drimAwn 93 is`KW nUM PWsI dy r`sy 'qy tMigAw igAw, AnykW nUM kwlypwxI dI jylH 'c f`ikAw, ij`QoN koeI mW dw lwl Aqy krmW dw blIhI bc ky AwieAw[

BWvyN AnykW ilKwrIAW ny ies sMbMD 'c ikqwbW pRkwSq kIqIAW,rswly, AKbwrW Awid iv`c lyK vrnx kIqy hn pr Pyr vI v`fIigxqI iv`c lok aunHW XoiDAW dI kQnI, krnI, kIrqI Aqy kurbwnIqoN Axjwx hn[

dUjI g`l ieh hY ik ieh swky ie`k sdI pihlW vwpry hn[gdr lihr ApRYl 1913 iv`c SurU hoeI sI[ sMn 2013 iv`c dunIAWdy v`K v`K SihrW, ksibAW Awid AMdr v`fy smwgm rcw ky gdrIbwibAW nUM Xwd kIqw igAw Aqy aunHW dI soc 'qy Pu`l cVHwey[ Aglyswl meI 2014 iv`c kwmwgwtw mwrU swky bIqy nUM pUry sO swl ho jwxyhn[ ies sMbMD iv`c bhuq swrIAW kmytIAW v`loN ies swky nUMmnwaux leI v`fI p`Dr 'qy iqAwrIAW kIqIAW jw rhIAW hn[ dwsnUM vI Purnw PuirAw ik kOm dy aunHW mhwn hIirAW Aqy hIroAW dI

Xwd iv`c iliKAw jwvy ijnHW dI kIqI mhwn Gwlxw sdkw A`j v`fIigxqI iv`c pMjwbI, is`K Aqy Bwrq dy hor pRWqW qoN lok ieQy Aw kyvsy hoey hn[ dws dI soc Anuswr aunHW puriKAW dI gwQw nUM iesikqwb rwhIN pwTkW q`k phuMcwauxw ie`k s`cI-su`cI SrDwjlI hovygI[

dws pRo&Ysr surjIq isMG, swbkw mu`KI (pMjwbI ivBwg) gurUnwnk nYSnl kwlj, nkodr (jlMDr) dw mhwn irxI hY ijnHW iespusqk dy KrVy ƒ bhuq hI bwrIkI nwl pVH ky mu`K bMd iliKAw hY[mYN bhuq hI siqkwr Xog fwktr nC`qr isMG m`lHI, vweIs cWslrgurU kWSI XUnIvristI, qlvMfI swbo (biTMfw) dw Aiq Sukr-guzwrhW Aqy nwl hI srdwr gurBjn isMG ig`l, pRDwn pMjwb swihqAkYfmI, pMjwbI Bvn luiDAwxw dw AqI DMnvwdI hW ijnHW AwpxykImqI smyN 'coN tweIm k`F ky ies KrVy ƒ piVHAw Aqy Awpxyivcwr id`qy[ dws AwpxI supqnI srdwrnI rwijMdr pwl kOr syKoNdw vI AqI DMnvwdI hY ijs ny GrylU kMm dy bwvzUd smW k`F ky swryiviSAW ƒ pVH ky soDW kIqIAW[ sRImqI srlw dyvI dw vI dwsDMnvwdI hY ijs ny ies ikqwb dy KrVy ƒ tweIp kIqw[ bwr bwrpVHn auprMq vI glqIAW rih jWdIAw hn dws aunHW pRqI pwTkW qoNmuAwPI cwhuMdw hY[

dws ny Awm bolI jwx vwlI TyT pMjwbI dy srl SbdW iv`c hrivSy ƒ ibAwnx dI koiSS kIqI hY qWik hr pwTk pVH ky AnMdmwxy[ aumId hY pwTk ies pusqk ƒ pVH ky ieiqhws qoN jwxU hoxgyAqy ies iv`c id`qw igAwn A`gy vMfxgy[

hrBjn isMG syKoN (rItwierf)swbkw pRoPYsr qy ieMcrwj dwl sYkSn,pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw

imqI: 11.2.2014

(xii) (xiii)

aunHI idnI AmrIkw ivc gdr lihr jor PVH geI sI[ kwmwgwtwmwrU dy duKWq ny dyS dI AwzwdI leI Gol kr rhy gdrIAW dy idlWAMdr bldI A`g 'qy qyl pwaux vwlw kMm kIqw[ 'gdr dI gUMj'A^bwr iv`c kOmI prvwinAW ny kivqwvW rwhIN ieh sMdyS id`qw:

is`DW kIqIAW AsW ny dyS v`lIN,clky mulk AMdr fyrw lw idAWgy[cu`p cwp nhIN bYTdy vyK lYxW,Aw&q koeI nw koeI ilAw idAWgy[….au~To ihMdIau! iqAwr br iqAwr ho jwau,AsIN AwpxI ifaUtI vjw idAWgy[duKI imtx vwly nhIN dwg swfy,k`Fy Sbd zbwno inBw idAWgy[

AYsy hwlwq dyK bcnW dy pUry AxKI sUry Aqy kOm dy nUry gdrIbwby kYnyfw qoN jw ky dyS dI AwzwdI leI jUJy[ Bwrq dy gdrIAWnwl moFy nwl moFw joV ik c`ly Aqy AYsw gdr mcwieAw ik AKIrgoirAW nUM AwzwdI dw AYlwn krnw ipAw[ sMn 1914 qoN 1947drimAwn 93 is`KW nUM PWsI dy r`sy 'qy tMigAw igAw, AnykW nUM kwlypwxI dI jylH 'c f`ikAw, ij`QoN koeI mW dw lwl Aqy krmW dw blIhI bc ky AwieAw[

BWvyN AnykW ilKwrIAW ny ies sMbMD 'c ikqwbW pRkwSq kIqIAW,rswly, AKbwrW Awid iv`c lyK vrnx kIqy hn pr Pyr vI v`fIigxqI iv`c lok aunHW XoiDAW dI kQnI, krnI, kIrqI Aqy kurbwnIqoN Axjwx hn[

dUjI g`l ieh hY ik ieh swky ie`k sdI pihlW vwpry hn[gdr lihr ApRYl 1913 iv`c SurU hoeI sI[ sMn 2013 iv`c dunIAWdy v`K v`K SihrW, ksibAW Awid AMdr v`fy smwgm rcw ky gdrIbwibAW nUM Xwd kIqw igAw Aqy aunHW dI soc 'qy Pu`l cVHwey[ Aglyswl meI 2014 iv`c kwmwgwtw mwrU swky bIqy nUM pUry sO swl ho jwxyhn[ ies sMbMD iv`c bhuq swrIAW kmytIAW v`loN ies swky nUMmnwaux leI v`fI p`Dr 'qy iqAwrIAW kIqIAW jw rhIAW hn[ dwsnUM vI Purnw PuirAw ik kOm dy aunHW mhwn hIirAW Aqy hIroAW dI

Xwd iv`c iliKAw jwvy ijnHW dI kIqI mhwn Gwlxw sdkw A`j v`fIigxqI iv`c pMjwbI, is`K Aqy Bwrq dy hor pRWqW qoN lok ieQy Aw kyvsy hoey hn[ dws dI soc Anuswr aunHW puriKAW dI gwQw nUM iesikqwb rwhIN pwTkW q`k phuMcwauxw ie`k s`cI-su`cI SrDwjlI hovygI[

dws pRo&Ysr surjIq isMG, swbkw mu`KI (pMjwbI ivBwg) gurUnwnk nYSnl kwlj, nkodr (jlMDr) dw mhwn irxI hY ijnHW iespusqk dy KrVy ƒ bhuq hI bwrIkI nwl pVH ky mu`K bMd iliKAw hY[mYN bhuq hI siqkwr Xog fwktr nC`qr isMG m`lHI, vweIs cWslrgurU kWSI XUnIvristI, qlvMfI swbo (biTMfw) dw Aiq Sukr-guzwrhW Aqy nwl hI srdwr gurBjn isMG ig`l, pRDwn pMjwb swihqAkYfmI, pMjwbI Bvn luiDAwxw dw AqI DMnvwdI hW ijnHW AwpxykImqI smyN 'coN tweIm k`F ky ies KrVy ƒ piVHAw Aqy Awpxyivcwr id`qy[ dws AwpxI supqnI srdwrnI rwijMdr pwl kOr syKoNdw vI AqI DMnvwdI hY ijs ny GrylU kMm dy bwvzUd smW k`F ky swryiviSAW ƒ pVH ky soDW kIqIAW[ sRImqI srlw dyvI dw vI dwsDMnvwdI hY ijs ny ies ikqwb dy KrVy ƒ tweIp kIqw[ bwr bwrpVHn auprMq vI glqIAW rih jWdIAw hn dws aunHW pRqI pwTkW qoNmuAwPI cwhuMdw hY[

dws ny Awm bolI jwx vwlI TyT pMjwbI dy srl SbdW iv`c hrivSy ƒ ibAwnx dI koiSS kIqI hY qWik hr pwTk pVH ky AnMdmwxy[ aumId hY pwTk ies pusqk ƒ pVH ky ieiqhws qoN jwxU hoxgyAqy ies iv`c id`qw igAwn A`gy vMfxgy[

hrBjn isMG syKoN (rItwierf)swbkw pRoPYsr qy ieMcrwj dwl sYkSn,pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw

imqI: 11.2.2014

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1

kYnyfw sMbMDI sMKyp JwqkYnyfw AmrIkw dy au~qr iv`c ^yqr&l v`joN dunIAW Br iv`c

dUjw v`fw dyS hY[ ies dw au~qrI Bwg ie`k pwsy AMD mhW swgr qoNprSWq mhW swgr q`k PYilAw hoieAw hY jd ik dUjw pwsw au~qrIDruv swgr nwl jw lgdw hY[ ies dw ku`l rkbw 3855775 vrgmIl hY jo Bwrq dy ku`l rkby (1125000 vrg mIl) qoN iqMn guxW qoNvI v`D hY[ ies dI AwbwdI 2011 iv`c kyvl 3.45 kroV sI prBwrq dI AbwdI 121 kroV sI[ kYnyfw sMswr AMdr rihx leI sBqoN vDIAw QwvW iv`coN ie`k smiJAw jWdw hY[ ies dw smwj mhq`vpUrn mnu`KI kdrW kImqW Aqy rvwieqW 'qy AwDwrq hY[ ies iv`cs`iBAwcwrI Byd, smwnqw, AwzwdI Aqy pRgtwE dw siqkwr SwmlhY[ hr nwgirk nUM ieh ijmyNvwrI id`qI hoeI hY ik auh kYnyfw dIAWkdrW kImqW dI ie`zq kry[ kYnyfw dw smwj AOrq nUM AwdmI dybrwbr h`k pRdwn krdw hY[ ie`Qy AiDkwrW nwloN Prz BwrU hn[BwvyN ie`Qy bhu-nslI Aqy bhu-BwSI lok rihMdy hn pr eyky dw v`fwpRgtwvw hY[

ieiqhwsieiqhwsk q`QW Anuswr kYnyfw dy Awid vwsI eySIAw qoN Awey

sn[ ieh lok bhuq s`iBAk sn, ikauNik ieh Drm iv`c p`kyy, r`bnUM mMnx vwly, Awps iv`c cMgy sMbMD r`Kx vwly, kudrq nwl juVy hoeyAqy cu&yry nUM sw&-suQrw r`Kx vwly sn[ iehnW dw rihx-sihxswdw sI, ihrdy SWq, loB rihq Aqy icMqw rihq sn[ Kwxw-dwxwm`CI, jwnvr, Pl jW jVHIN-bUtIAW sn[ iezq mwx ^wqr lVweIJgVy zrUr sn[ A`q dI srdI kwrn jIvn AOkVW BirAw sI[m`CIAW dI qjwrq ienHW dw mu`K ik`qw sI[ ies qoN ielwvw jwnvrWdI Pr dw vpwr vI huMdw sI[

kYnyfw dI DrqI v`l 1487 eIsvI nUM ieMglYNf dy bwdSwh hYnrIs`qvyN ny ietlI dy mlwh jOhn kwbot nUM byVw dy ky qoirAw[ auh 24jUn 1487 nUM bVIAW muSklW J`ldw hoieAw kYnyfw ivKy kYpbrItn

(1)

1

kYnyfw sMbMDI sMKyp JwqkYnyfw AmrIkw dy au~qr iv`c ^yqr&l v`joN dunIAW Br iv`c

dUjw v`fw dyS hY[ ies dw au~qrI Bwg ie`k pwsy AMD mhW swgr qoNprSWq mhW swgr q`k PYilAw hoieAw hY jd ik dUjw pwsw au~qrIDruv swgr nwl jw lgdw hY[ ies dw ku`l rkbw 3855775 vrgmIl hY jo Bwrq dy ku`l rkby (1125000 vrg mIl) qoN iqMn guxW qoNvI v`D hY[ ies dI AwbwdI 2011 iv`c kyvl 3.45 kroV sI prBwrq dI AbwdI 121 kroV sI[ kYnyfw sMswr AMdr rihx leI sBqoN vDIAw QwvW iv`coN ie`k smiJAw jWdw hY[ ies dw smwj mhq`vpUrn mnu`KI kdrW kImqW Aqy rvwieqW 'qy AwDwrq hY[ ies iv`cs`iBAwcwrI Byd, smwnqw, AwzwdI Aqy pRgtwE dw siqkwr SwmlhY[ hr nwgirk nUM ieh ijmyNvwrI id`qI hoeI hY ik auh kYnyfw dIAWkdrW kImqW dI ie`zq kry[ kYnyfw dw smwj AOrq nUM AwdmI dybrwbr h`k pRdwn krdw hY[ ie`Qy AiDkwrW nwloN Prz BwrU hn[BwvyN ie`Qy bhu-nslI Aqy bhu-BwSI lok rihMdy hn pr eyky dw v`fwpRgtwvw hY[

ieiqhwsieiqhwsk q`QW Anuswr kYnyfw dy Awid vwsI eySIAw qoN Awey

sn[ ieh lok bhuq s`iBAk sn, ikauNik ieh Drm iv`c p`kyy, r`bnUM mMnx vwly, Awps iv`c cMgy sMbMD r`Kx vwly, kudrq nwl juVy hoeyAqy cu&yry nUM sw&-suQrw r`Kx vwly sn[ iehnW dw rihx-sihxswdw sI, ihrdy SWq, loB rihq Aqy icMqw rihq sn[ Kwxw-dwxwm`CI, jwnvr, Pl jW jVHIN-bUtIAW sn[ iezq mwx ^wqr lVweIJgVy zrUr sn[ A`q dI srdI kwrn jIvn AOkVW BirAw sI[m`CIAW dI qjwrq ienHW dw mu`K ik`qw sI[ ies qoN ielwvw jwnvrWdI Pr dw vpwr vI huMdw sI[

kYnyfw dI DrqI v`l 1487 eIsvI nUM ieMglYNf dy bwdSwh hYnrIs`qvyN ny ietlI dy mlwh jOhn kwbot nUM byVw dy ky qoirAw[ auh 24jUn 1487 nUM bVIAW muSklW J`ldw hoieAw kYnyfw ivKy kYpbrItn

(1)

AweIlYNf Aqy inaU PwaUNflYNf pu`ijAw[ ies ny ie`Qy phuMc ky iesjgHw dw nkSw iqAwr kIqw[ iesy qrWH PrWs dy bwdSwh ny ie`kPrWsIsI mlwh jyks kwrtIAr nUM au~qr–p`Cm qoN eySIAw dw rwhl`Bx leI qoirAw[ auh 10 jUn 1536 nUM syNt lwrMs pu`j igAw[ iPrmWtrIAl pu`j ky aus ny kuJ JONpVIAW dyKIAW jo ie`k ipMf dyinAweIN sn[ aus ny ies jgHw nUM 'kYnwtw' iliKAw ikauNik sB qoNpihlW ijhVy do bMdy kwrtIAr nUM imly aunHW AwpxI bolI ierOkIAniv`c kYnwtw dw Bwv 'ipMf' nUM AwiKAw[ pr 1550 dy nkiSAW iv`cies DrqI dw nW 'kYnyfw' iliKAw hoieAw hY[ kwrtIAr ny lwrMsdirAw nUM kYnyfw dw dirAw iliKAw hY[ sMn 1616 q`k ies nUM 'nvWPrWs' vI kihMdy sn[

PrWsIsIAW ny 1604 ivc PlorIfw dy au~qr ivc pihlI bMdrgwhSt. Croix Island sQwpq kIqI[ ies nUM aunHW myn (Main) AwiKAw[pr ip`CoN ies dw nW bdl ky port-ruAwiel (Port-Royal) r`Kid`qw[ A`j kl ies nUM novwskoSIAw kihMdy hn[ iPr 1608 iv`cienHW kYNplyn (Champlain) nwmI iklHw auswirAw ijhVw ikaUbkSihr iv`c hY[ qkrIbn ie`k sdI PrwsIsIAW Aqy AwidvwsIAW'c KVkdI rhI Aqy 1701 iv`c SWqI dw mwhOl bixAw[

kuJ smW bwAd ies iKqy 'qy kbzy leI ieMglYNf Aqy PrWsIsIAWivckwr jMg SurU ho geI[ lokqMqr dw bolbwlw pihlI vwr novwskoSIAw iv`c 1758 iv`c hoieAw[ sMn 1791 iv`c sMivDwnk kwnUMnWAnuswr ikaUbk nUM Apr kYnyfw (AONtwrIau) Aqy loAr kYnyfw (ikaUbk)iv`c vMf id`qw[ Apr kYnyfw dI mu`K bolI AMgryzI Aqy loAr kYnyfwdI PrYNc sI[ pr 1801 iv`c, Apr Aqy loAr ih`sy iPr iek`Ty hogey[ 13 jUn 1792 nUM do ikSqIAW rwhIN kYptn jwrj vYnkUvrlwien gyt (Lion Gate) 'qy dwKl hoieAw ijs nUM vYnkUvr hwrbrkihMdy hn[

vMn-suvMnqw vwlI vsoNkYnyfw nUM Aksr AwvsIAW dI DrqI AwiKAw jWdw hY[ ie`k

mnOq Anuswr sB qoN pihlW eySIAw qoN lok ie`Qy Awey ijnHW nUM pihlIkOm AwiKAw jWdw hY[ ienHW qoN bwAd brqwnIAW Aqy PrWs qoN v`fI

igxqI iv`c lok ie`Qy phuMcy[ ienHW ny AwpxI qwkq vrq ky pihlIkOm vwilAW nUM gulwm bxw ilAw[ AmrIkw iv`c vI eySIAw, A&rIkwAwid mulkW qoN Awey bMidAW nUM gulwm bxw ky kMm krwey jWdy sn[pr jdoN 1833 iv`c 'gulwm pRQw' kwnUMn rwhIN brqwnIAW dI pwrlImYNtny ieh qm kIqI qW hzwrW hI gulwm AmrIkw qoN Aw ky kYnyfw iv`cvs gey[ cYNg qweIN PYNg dI pusqk jo aus ny 1931 iv`c ilKI iv`cAMikq hY ik swl 1958 iv`c kYloPornIAW (AmrIkw) qoN AwauxvwilAW iv`c bhuqy cInI lok sn[ ieQy Aw ky Kws kr biritSkolMbIAw (bI.sI.) ivc ieh rylvy ptVIAW ivCwaux Aqy sonw kFxvwlIAW KwxW ivc mzdUrI krn lg pey[ kMpnIAW vwly vI goirAWnwloN ienHW nUM rKx leI pihl dyx lg gey, ikauNik iek qW ienHW dImzdUrI Gt sI Aqy dUjw ieh goirAW nwloN SWq suBwau vwly AqyisrVI vD sn[ cIinAW ipCoN qkrIbn 1881 qoN jpwnI lok vI ieQyAwaux lg pey[

kYnyfw srkwr ny dyS dI qr`kI Aqy kwrobwr dy vwDy leI hordySW dy A^bwrW iv`c AwvwsI mzdUrW nUM mMgvwaux leI ieSiqhwrvI Cpvwey[ ie`Qy goirAW dI brqwnvI srkwr hox krky auh kyvlXUrpIn dySW ijvyN ieMglYNf, AwierlYNf, PrWs, bYljIAm, hwlYNf,jrmnI, fYnmwrk Awid dySW dy AwvwsIAW nUM hI vswauxw cwhuMdysn, Bwv nslI ivqkrw zrUr sI[ iehnW dySW qoN Awaux vwilAW nUMmwlI m`dd vI id`qI jWdI sI[ fblXU jI sim`Q (1920) Anuswrie`k AwdmI leI 3 fwlr, iesqrI leI 2 fwlr Aqy pRqI b`cw 1fwlr[ ieM\ kYnyfw srkwr ny ienHW AwvwsIAW nUM vswaux leI1898-1908 iv`c 6779832 fwlr Krcy[

nslI ivqkrwkYnyfw nUM goirAW dw dyS bnwaux leI srkwrI qOr qy XUrpIn

lokW nUM ie`Qy Awaux leI Dn vI id`qw jWdw sI[ pr 1887 iv`c jdoNcIn qoN 100 ku bMdy vYnkUvr dI bMdrgwh 'qy phuMcy qW ie`k hzwr qoNvI v`D goirAW ny aunHW ivru`D ros muzwhrw kIqw qWik auh kYnyfwAMdr dwKl nw ho skx[ auprMq cIinAW dy GrW dI BMn-qoV kIqI,aunHW dIAW dukwnW 'qy vI hmlw kIqw Aqy keIAW dI ku`t-mwr vI

(2) (3)

AweIlYNf Aqy inaU PwaUNflYNf pu`ijAw[ ies ny ie`Qy phuMc ky iesjgHw dw nkSw iqAwr kIqw[ iesy qrWH PrWs dy bwdSwh ny ie`kPrWsIsI mlwh jyks kwrtIAr nUM au~qr–p`Cm qoN eySIAw dw rwhl`Bx leI qoirAw[ auh 10 jUn 1536 nUM syNt lwrMs pu`j igAw[ iPrmWtrIAl pu`j ky aus ny kuJ JONpVIAW dyKIAW jo ie`k ipMf dyinAweIN sn[ aus ny ies jgHw nUM 'kYnwtw' iliKAw ikauNik sB qoNpihlW ijhVy do bMdy kwrtIAr nUM imly aunHW AwpxI bolI ierOkIAniv`c kYnwtw dw Bwv 'ipMf' nUM AwiKAw[ pr 1550 dy nkiSAW iv`cies DrqI dw nW 'kYnyfw' iliKAw hoieAw hY[ kwrtIAr ny lwrMsdirAw nUM kYnyfw dw dirAw iliKAw hY[ sMn 1616 q`k ies nUM 'nvWPrWs' vI kihMdy sn[

PrWsIsIAW ny 1604 ivc PlorIfw dy au~qr ivc pihlI bMdrgwhSt. Croix Island sQwpq kIqI[ ies nUM aunHW myn (Main) AwiKAw[pr ip`CoN ies dw nW bdl ky port-ruAwiel (Port-Royal) r`Kid`qw[ A`j kl ies nUM novwskoSIAw kihMdy hn[ iPr 1608 iv`cienHW kYNplyn (Champlain) nwmI iklHw auswirAw ijhVw ikaUbkSihr iv`c hY[ qkrIbn ie`k sdI PrwsIsIAW Aqy AwidvwsIAW'c KVkdI rhI Aqy 1701 iv`c SWqI dw mwhOl bixAw[

kuJ smW bwAd ies iKqy 'qy kbzy leI ieMglYNf Aqy PrWsIsIAWivckwr jMg SurU ho geI[ lokqMqr dw bolbwlw pihlI vwr novwskoSIAw iv`c 1758 iv`c hoieAw[ sMn 1791 iv`c sMivDwnk kwnUMnWAnuswr ikaUbk nUM Apr kYnyfw (AONtwrIau) Aqy loAr kYnyfw (ikaUbk)iv`c vMf id`qw[ Apr kYnyfw dI mu`K bolI AMgryzI Aqy loAr kYnyfwdI PrYNc sI[ pr 1801 iv`c, Apr Aqy loAr ih`sy iPr iek`Ty hogey[ 13 jUn 1792 nUM do ikSqIAW rwhIN kYptn jwrj vYnkUvrlwien gyt (Lion Gate) 'qy dwKl hoieAw ijs nUM vYnkUvr hwrbrkihMdy hn[

vMn-suvMnqw vwlI vsoNkYnyfw nUM Aksr AwvsIAW dI DrqI AwiKAw jWdw hY[ ie`k

mnOq Anuswr sB qoN pihlW eySIAw qoN lok ie`Qy Awey ijnHW nUM pihlIkOm AwiKAw jWdw hY[ ienHW qoN bwAd brqwnIAW Aqy PrWs qoN v`fI

igxqI iv`c lok ie`Qy phuMcy[ ienHW ny AwpxI qwkq vrq ky pihlIkOm vwilAW nUM gulwm bxw ilAw[ AmrIkw iv`c vI eySIAw, A&rIkwAwid mulkW qoN Awey bMidAW nUM gulwm bxw ky kMm krwey jWdy sn[pr jdoN 1833 iv`c 'gulwm pRQw' kwnUMn rwhIN brqwnIAW dI pwrlImYNtny ieh qm kIqI qW hzwrW hI gulwm AmrIkw qoN Aw ky kYnyfw iv`cvs gey[ cYNg qweIN PYNg dI pusqk jo aus ny 1931 iv`c ilKI iv`cAMikq hY ik swl 1958 iv`c kYloPornIAW (AmrIkw) qoN AwauxvwilAW iv`c bhuqy cInI lok sn[ ieQy Aw ky Kws kr biritSkolMbIAw (bI.sI.) ivc ieh rylvy ptVIAW ivCwaux Aqy sonw kFxvwlIAW KwxW ivc mzdUrI krn lg pey[ kMpnIAW vwly vI goirAWnwloN ienHW nUM rKx leI pihl dyx lg gey, ikauNik iek qW ienHW dImzdUrI Gt sI Aqy dUjw ieh goirAW nwloN SWq suBwau vwly AqyisrVI vD sn[ cIinAW ipCoN qkrIbn 1881 qoN jpwnI lok vI ieQyAwaux lg pey[

kYnyfw srkwr ny dyS dI qr`kI Aqy kwrobwr dy vwDy leI hordySW dy A^bwrW iv`c AwvwsI mzdUrW nUM mMgvwaux leI ieSiqhwrvI Cpvwey[ ie`Qy goirAW dI brqwnvI srkwr hox krky auh kyvlXUrpIn dySW ijvyN ieMglYNf, AwierlYNf, PrWs, bYljIAm, hwlYNf,jrmnI, fYnmwrk Awid dySW dy AwvwsIAW nUM hI vswauxw cwhuMdysn, Bwv nslI ivqkrw zrUr sI[ iehnW dySW qoN Awaux vwilAW nUMmwlI m`dd vI id`qI jWdI sI[ fblXU jI sim`Q (1920) Anuswrie`k AwdmI leI 3 fwlr, iesqrI leI 2 fwlr Aqy pRqI b`cw 1fwlr[ ieM\ kYnyfw srkwr ny ienHW AwvwsIAW nUM vswaux leI1898-1908 iv`c 6779832 fwlr Krcy[

nslI ivqkrwkYnyfw nUM goirAW dw dyS bnwaux leI srkwrI qOr qy XUrpIn

lokW nUM ie`Qy Awaux leI Dn vI id`qw jWdw sI[ pr 1887 iv`c jdoNcIn qoN 100 ku bMdy vYnkUvr dI bMdrgwh 'qy phuMcy qW ie`k hzwr qoNvI v`D goirAW ny aunHW ivru`D ros muzwhrw kIqw qWik auh kYnyfwAMdr dwKl nw ho skx[ auprMq cIinAW dy GrW dI BMn-qoV kIqI,aunHW dIAW dukwnW 'qy vI hmlw kIqw Aqy keIAW dI ku`t-mwr vI

(2) (3)

kIqI[ ies n&rq BrI kwrvweI 'qy srkwr v`loN ivKvwkwrIAWivru`D kwnUMnI hrkq krn dI vjwey srkwr ny ie`k kwnUMn lwgU krid`qw ijs nUM 'hY~f tYks' dw nW id`qw igAw (B`tI, 1980)[ Bwv hrcIny nUM kYnyfw 'c dwKl hox leI tYks dyxw pvygw[ kwzImI dI 2011dI ilKq Anuswr pihlW ieh tYks pRqI jIA 50 fwlr sI AqyiPr pMj swl ip`CoN 1900 iv`c 100 fwlr Aqy 1903 iv`c 500 fwlrkr id`qw[ kYnyfw srkwr ny 1901 qoN 1918 q`k 18 imlIAn fwlrtYks iek`qr kIqw[ dUjy pwsy iesy smyN dOrwn goirAW nUM kYnyfwAwaux leI 10 imlIAn Dn rwhq v`joN id`qw[ BwvyN ieh tYks l`gxkwrn cIinAW dI igxqI qW Gt geI, pr Awauxw bMd nw hoieAw[

pihlW pihl jpwnI ie`Qy G`t hI Awey pr cIinAW 'qy hY~ftYks l`gx kwrn iehnW dI igxqI vD geI[ goirAW ny cIny qyjpwnIAW nUM 'pIlw ^qrw' (Yellow peril) AwK ky jpwnIAW dwdwKlw vI pwrlImYNt iv`c ib`l ilAw ky 1907-08 iv`c bMd krid`qw[ ies kwrvweI leI nnwiemo hlky dy pwrlImYNt mYNbr imstrrYl& sim`Q sn[ pIlw qrw iehnW nUM ies krky AwiKAw ik ienHWdy rMg pIly sn[ aus smyN dy kYnyfw dy mu`K mMqRI sr ivl&irflorIAr ny vI Awpxy BwSxW iv`c nslI ivqkry nUM auBwirAw[ horqW hor kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRI dy ibAwn vI nslI mwmly iv`c A`g qyqyl pwaux vwly sn, ijvyN ik :

In 1891, Sir Johan A. Macdonald, the country's 1st PrimeMinister declared, “A British subject I was born - a British subjectI will die” and that attitude prevailed into the new century. Yet atthis juncture Britain could ill afford Canada asserting itswhiteness”.

Bwv 1891 dy ibAwn iv`c kYnyfw dy pihly pRDwn mMqRI sr ey.mYkfwnlf ny cVHn vwlI nvIN sdI bwry ikhw ik myry mn dImnoibrqI hY ik mYN brqwnIAW iv`c pYdw hoieAw hW Aqy brqwnIAW^wqr hI mrnw hY[ ies prsiQqI iv`c brqwnIAW kYnyfw ivclygoirAW dy ivcwrW nUM glq nhIN kih skdw[

ie`k kwnUMn dy pRo&Ysr dw ibAwn suxo:

A law professor Andrey Maclin has pointed out, duringthis era, the doctrine of white racial superiority was an ideologi-cal force pervading every level of Canadian society almost with-out exception.

kwnUMn bnwaux vwly pRo&Ysr AYNfrY mYkiln dw nukqw ingwh sIik ies dOr iv`c goirAW dw qrk isDWq hY ik aunHW dI qjvIz hrjgHw 'qy kYnyfIAn BweIcwry leI shI hY Aqy ies iv`c koeI ieqrwzvwlI g`l nhIN[

Canada's immigration strategy was based on the desire tobuild a nation imaginated as a 'white man's country'

Bwv kYnyfw dI AwvwsI pRqI idlI soc iehI sI ik ieh dySkyvl goirAW leI hY[

shI FMg nwl s`cy idloN socIey ik swrI DrqI r`b dI hY, swrIkwienwq aus ny bxweI hY pr bMdw hMkwr iv`c Aw ky qy SkqI vrqky v`D qoN v`D jgHw 'qy Awpxw AiDkwr jqwauNdw hY Aqy mwVy-DIVy,grIb-gurby Aqy duKIey nUM Awpxy nyVy-qyVy vI itkx nhIN idMdw-auhnW dw Blw socxw qW dUr dI g`l hY[

SyK PrId jI PrmwauNdy hn:Avil Alw nUru EpwieAw kudriq ky sB bMdy]eyku nUr qy sBu jg aupijAw kaun Bly ko mMdy] (1349)

gurU swihbwn ny vI isDWq id`qw:sBy sWJIvwl sdwien koaU n idsY bwhrw jIau]

is`KW dI Awmd dw ivroDihMdusqwn iv`c brqwnIAW srkwr dw rwj sI Aqy aunHI idnI

kYnyfw vI iehnW dy ADIn sI[ is`KW dIAW &OjI rjmYNtW nyA&gwinsqwnIAW dIAW v`K v`K jMgW iv`c AMgryzW dI bhuq m`ddkIqI[ is`KW dy mhwn kwrnwimAW Aqy &OjIAW dI v`KrI Swn AqyinrwlI id`K kwrn 1897 iv`c fwiemMf jublI dy zSnW iv`c ie`k

(4) (5)

kIqI[ ies n&rq BrI kwrvweI 'qy srkwr v`loN ivKvwkwrIAWivru`D kwnUMnI hrkq krn dI vjwey srkwr ny ie`k kwnUMn lwgU krid`qw ijs nUM 'hY~f tYks' dw nW id`qw igAw (B`tI, 1980)[ Bwv hrcIny nUM kYnyfw 'c dwKl hox leI tYks dyxw pvygw[ kwzImI dI 2011dI ilKq Anuswr pihlW ieh tYks pRqI jIA 50 fwlr sI AqyiPr pMj swl ip`CoN 1900 iv`c 100 fwlr Aqy 1903 iv`c 500 fwlrkr id`qw[ kYnyfw srkwr ny 1901 qoN 1918 q`k 18 imlIAn fwlrtYks iek`qr kIqw[ dUjy pwsy iesy smyN dOrwn goirAW nUM kYnyfwAwaux leI 10 imlIAn Dn rwhq v`joN id`qw[ BwvyN ieh tYks l`gxkwrn cIinAW dI igxqI qW Gt geI, pr Awauxw bMd nw hoieAw[

pihlW pihl jpwnI ie`Qy G`t hI Awey pr cIinAW 'qy hY~ftYks l`gx kwrn iehnW dI igxqI vD geI[ goirAW ny cIny qyjpwnIAW nUM 'pIlw ^qrw' (Yellow peril) AwK ky jpwnIAW dwdwKlw vI pwrlImYNt iv`c ib`l ilAw ky 1907-08 iv`c bMd krid`qw[ ies kwrvweI leI nnwiemo hlky dy pwrlImYNt mYNbr imstrrYl& sim`Q sn[ pIlw qrw iehnW nUM ies krky AwiKAw ik ienHWdy rMg pIly sn[ aus smyN dy kYnyfw dy mu`K mMqRI sr ivl&irflorIAr ny vI Awpxy BwSxW iv`c nslI ivqkry nUM auBwirAw[ horqW hor kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRI dy ibAwn vI nslI mwmly iv`c A`g qyqyl pwaux vwly sn, ijvyN ik :

In 1891, Sir Johan A. Macdonald, the country's 1st PrimeMinister declared, “A British subject I was born - a British subjectI will die” and that attitude prevailed into the new century. Yet atthis juncture Britain could ill afford Canada asserting itswhiteness”.

Bwv 1891 dy ibAwn iv`c kYnyfw dy pihly pRDwn mMqRI sr ey.mYkfwnlf ny cVHn vwlI nvIN sdI bwry ikhw ik myry mn dImnoibrqI hY ik mYN brqwnIAW iv`c pYdw hoieAw hW Aqy brqwnIAW^wqr hI mrnw hY[ ies prsiQqI iv`c brqwnIAW kYnyfw ivclygoirAW dy ivcwrW nUM glq nhIN kih skdw[

ie`k kwnUMn dy pRo&Ysr dw ibAwn suxo:

A law professor Andrey Maclin has pointed out, duringthis era, the doctrine of white racial superiority was an ideologi-cal force pervading every level of Canadian society almost with-out exception.

kwnUMn bnwaux vwly pRo&Ysr AYNfrY mYkiln dw nukqw ingwh sIik ies dOr iv`c goirAW dw qrk isDWq hY ik aunHW dI qjvIz hrjgHw 'qy kYnyfIAn BweIcwry leI shI hY Aqy ies iv`c koeI ieqrwzvwlI g`l nhIN[

Canada's immigration strategy was based on the desire tobuild a nation imaginated as a 'white man's country'

Bwv kYnyfw dI AwvwsI pRqI idlI soc iehI sI ik ieh dySkyvl goirAW leI hY[

shI FMg nwl s`cy idloN socIey ik swrI DrqI r`b dI hY, swrIkwienwq aus ny bxweI hY pr bMdw hMkwr iv`c Aw ky qy SkqI vrqky v`D qoN v`D jgHw 'qy Awpxw AiDkwr jqwauNdw hY Aqy mwVy-DIVy,grIb-gurby Aqy duKIey nUM Awpxy nyVy-qyVy vI itkx nhIN idMdw-auhnW dw Blw socxw qW dUr dI g`l hY[

SyK PrId jI PrmwauNdy hn:Avil Alw nUru EpwieAw kudriq ky sB bMdy]eyku nUr qy sBu jg aupijAw kaun Bly ko mMdy] (1349)

gurU swihbwn ny vI isDWq id`qw:sBy sWJIvwl sdwien koaU n idsY bwhrw jIau]

is`KW dI Awmd dw ivroDihMdusqwn iv`c brqwnIAW srkwr dw rwj sI Aqy aunHI idnI

kYnyfw vI iehnW dy ADIn sI[ is`KW dIAW &OjI rjmYNtW nyA&gwinsqwnIAW dIAW v`K v`K jMgW iv`c AMgryzW dI bhuq m`ddkIqI[ is`KW dy mhwn kwrnwimAW Aqy &OjIAW dI v`KrI Swn AqyinrwlI id`K kwrn 1897 iv`c fwiemMf jublI dy zSnW iv`c ie`k

(4) (5)

&OjI tukVI ieMglYNf mMgvweI geI sI[ auprMq ienHW nUM smuMdrIjhwz rwhIN kYnyfw dy pRWq ibRitS kolMbIAw dI sYr krvweI[ iesPyrI dOrwn ie`QoN dw sw& suQrw vwqwvrn, suMdr au~cIAW mihlmwVIAW, sv`C jl nwl Bry dirAw Aqy pwxI dy vih rhy AwbSwrdyK ky ienHW dy ihrdy iK`cy gey[ iehnW idlkS nzwirAW Aqy husInvwdIAW ny iehnW &OjIAW nUM AYsw moihq kIqw ik rihx leI AYsIjgHw hoxI cwhIdI hY[ dyS vwps prqx ip`CoN Aqy syvw mukq ho kyiehnW iv`coN keIAW ny mzdUrI krn leI kYnyfw Awaux dw mn bxwilAw[

ieM\ jdoN kuJ syvw mukq &OjI hIly-vsIly nwl vIhvIN sdI dySurU iv`c kYnyfw phuMc gey qW goirAW ny ienHW nUM kwly, grdwn kykyvl ivroD hI nhIN kIqw sgoN QW QW qy ienHW dI byiezqI krnI vISurU kr id`qI[ kwzImI AlI ny AwpxI pusqk iv`c goirAW dyihMdusqwnIAW pRqI ivhwr nUM ie`k bMdy nwl kIqI g`lbwq nUM AMikqkIqw hY:

If an Indian went into a barber shop the proprietor was aslikely as not to tell him with an path to get out. They would notin all probability be insulted in the streets, but they would bemade feel through small incidents that they were perihals-unfitto breathe the same air as the white man.

Bwv bMdy ny ikhw ik mYN shuM Kw ky shI shI d`sdw hW ik jdoNkoeI ihMdusqwnI iksy nweI dI dukwn 'qy jWdw sI qW dukwn dw mwlkg`l kIqy vgYr aus nUM bwhr jwx leI kihMdw sI[ ihMdusqwnIAW dIbyiezqI ieh lok kyvl glIAW 'c hI nhIN blik hr g`l iv`c krdysn[ ieh ie`QoN q`k vI kihMdy sn ik ijs hvw iv`c gory swh lYNdyhn, qusIN nhIN lY skdy[

AYsIAW GtnwvW dyK Aqy sux ky ie`k isAwxy gory ny p`qRkwrnwl g`lbwq kridAW AwiKAw, “swnUM is`KW pRqI siqkwr vrqxwcwhIdw hY ikauNik ieh purwxy &OjI is`K pYnSnr hn[ jykr AsINienHW nwl AYsw vrqwv krWgy qW ihMdusqwn iv`c ieh Awpxw ivroDkrngy["

keI im`lW vwly is`KW nUM kMm Kwqr pihl idMdy sn ikauNikie`k qW ieh imhnqI, cMgI fIl-fOl vwly Aqy isrVI sn[ dUjw,ieh G`t mzdUrI qy kMm krn leI sihmq sn Aqy qIjw, iehXUnIAn bxw ky im`l mwlkW ivru`D ivdroh nhIN sI krdy[ pr ienHWkwrnW kr ky bhuq swry gory lok ienHW dw hor ivroD krn l`gy[

21 sqMbr 1906 nUM ilbrl pwrtI dy ie`k AY~m pI (WilfridLaurier) ny aus v^q dy prweIm minstr R.G. Macpherson nUMie`k p`qR 'c ieM\ iliKAw:

You can never make good citizens to them or their descen-dents and it is just as necessary to keep them out as it is keep outthe Chinese. Most of them are big strapping fallows, men whohave fought in British regiments in the little Indian wars but theirideas and their ways not ours nor can they ever be so. These peopleform India, come here alone just like the Chinese, and nothing onearth found make them Canadians. (Ramedo Sampat Mehta, In-ternational Barriers (Ottawa: Harpell's Press, 1973) p. 320

Bwv prDwn mMqRI jI qusIN ienHW lokW jW iehnW dy jwn-nSInWnUM cMgy SihrI nhIN bxw skdy[ ies leI cIinAW vWg ienHW nUM bwhrk`Fxw hI zrUrI hY[ iehnW iv`c bhuq mStMfy hn ijnHW ny brqwnIAWdIAW rzmYNtW iv`c huMdy hoey Bwrq AMdr CotIAW-motIAW lVweIAWlVIAW[ pr iehnW dy iKAwl Aqy rsqy swfy vrgy nhIN Aqy nw hIho skdy hn[ ieh cIinAW vWg Bwrq qoN iek`ly AwauNdy hn[ iesDrqI qy iehnW nUM koeI kYnyfIAn nhIN bxw skdw (rimfo sMpdmYhqw, ieMtrnYSnl bYrIArz pusqk dy pMnw 320 qy auprokq SbdilKy hn[ ieh pusqk AOtvw dI hwrpY~l prY~s ny 1973 iv`c CwpIsI[

ieM\ nslvwd kwrn eySIAweI lokW nUM bVy du`K Aqy zlwlq dwswmHxw krnw pY irhw sI[ aunHW nUM B`dy mzwk, JUTy ielzwm, ku`t-mwrqoN ielwvw mkwn ikrwey qy lYx qoN vI ienkwr kIqw jWdw sI[ iehivcwry gusy nUM pI ky gm dI hwlq iv`c pyt pUrqI leI DwrimkAsQwnW 'qy it`k ky idn ktI krdy rhy[ gurduAwrw swihb AMdr

(6) (7)

&OjI tukVI ieMglYNf mMgvweI geI sI[ auprMq ienHW nUM smuMdrIjhwz rwhIN kYnyfw dy pRWq ibRitS kolMbIAw dI sYr krvweI[ iesPyrI dOrwn ie`QoN dw sw& suQrw vwqwvrn, suMdr au~cIAW mihlmwVIAW, sv`C jl nwl Bry dirAw Aqy pwxI dy vih rhy AwbSwrdyK ky ienHW dy ihrdy iK`cy gey[ iehnW idlkS nzwirAW Aqy husInvwdIAW ny iehnW &OjIAW nUM AYsw moihq kIqw ik rihx leI AYsIjgHw hoxI cwhIdI hY[ dyS vwps prqx ip`CoN Aqy syvw mukq ho kyiehnW iv`coN keIAW ny mzdUrI krn leI kYnyfw Awaux dw mn bxwilAw[

ieM\ jdoN kuJ syvw mukq &OjI hIly-vsIly nwl vIhvIN sdI dySurU iv`c kYnyfw phuMc gey qW goirAW ny ienHW nUM kwly, grdwn kykyvl ivroD hI nhIN kIqw sgoN QW QW qy ienHW dI byiezqI krnI vISurU kr id`qI[ kwzImI AlI ny AwpxI pusqk iv`c goirAW dyihMdusqwnIAW pRqI ivhwr nUM ie`k bMdy nwl kIqI g`lbwq nUM AMikqkIqw hY:

If an Indian went into a barber shop the proprietor was aslikely as not to tell him with an path to get out. They would notin all probability be insulted in the streets, but they would bemade feel through small incidents that they were perihals-unfitto breathe the same air as the white man.

Bwv bMdy ny ikhw ik mYN shuM Kw ky shI shI d`sdw hW ik jdoNkoeI ihMdusqwnI iksy nweI dI dukwn 'qy jWdw sI qW dukwn dw mwlkg`l kIqy vgYr aus nUM bwhr jwx leI kihMdw sI[ ihMdusqwnIAW dIbyiezqI ieh lok kyvl glIAW 'c hI nhIN blik hr g`l iv`c krdysn[ ieh ie`QoN q`k vI kihMdy sn ik ijs hvw iv`c gory swh lYNdyhn, qusIN nhIN lY skdy[

AYsIAW GtnwvW dyK Aqy sux ky ie`k isAwxy gory ny p`qRkwrnwl g`lbwq kridAW AwiKAw, “swnUM is`KW pRqI siqkwr vrqxwcwhIdw hY ikauNik ieh purwxy &OjI is`K pYnSnr hn[ jykr AsINienHW nwl AYsw vrqwv krWgy qW ihMdusqwn iv`c ieh Awpxw ivroDkrngy["

keI im`lW vwly is`KW nUM kMm Kwqr pihl idMdy sn ikauNikie`k qW ieh imhnqI, cMgI fIl-fOl vwly Aqy isrVI sn[ dUjw,ieh G`t mzdUrI qy kMm krn leI sihmq sn Aqy qIjw, iehXUnIAn bxw ky im`l mwlkW ivru`D ivdroh nhIN sI krdy[ pr ienHWkwrnW kr ky bhuq swry gory lok ienHW dw hor ivroD krn l`gy[

21 sqMbr 1906 nUM ilbrl pwrtI dy ie`k AY~m pI (WilfridLaurier) ny aus v^q dy prweIm minstr R.G. Macpherson nUMie`k p`qR 'c ieM\ iliKAw:

You can never make good citizens to them or their descen-dents and it is just as necessary to keep them out as it is keep outthe Chinese. Most of them are big strapping fallows, men whohave fought in British regiments in the little Indian wars but theirideas and their ways not ours nor can they ever be so. These peopleform India, come here alone just like the Chinese, and nothing onearth found make them Canadians. (Ramedo Sampat Mehta, In-ternational Barriers (Ottawa: Harpell's Press, 1973) p. 320

Bwv prDwn mMqRI jI qusIN ienHW lokW jW iehnW dy jwn-nSInWnUM cMgy SihrI nhIN bxw skdy[ ies leI cIinAW vWg ienHW nUM bwhrk`Fxw hI zrUrI hY[ iehnW iv`c bhuq mStMfy hn ijnHW ny brqwnIAWdIAW rzmYNtW iv`c huMdy hoey Bwrq AMdr CotIAW-motIAW lVweIAWlVIAW[ pr iehnW dy iKAwl Aqy rsqy swfy vrgy nhIN Aqy nw hIho skdy hn[ ieh cIinAW vWg Bwrq qoN iek`ly AwauNdy hn[ iesDrqI qy iehnW nUM koeI kYnyfIAn nhIN bxw skdw (rimfo sMpdmYhqw, ieMtrnYSnl bYrIArz pusqk dy pMnw 320 qy auprokq SbdilKy hn[ ieh pusqk AOtvw dI hwrpY~l prY~s ny 1973 iv`c CwpIsI[

ieM\ nslvwd kwrn eySIAweI lokW nUM bVy du`K Aqy zlwlq dwswmHxw krnw pY irhw sI[ aunHW nUM B`dy mzwk, JUTy ielzwm, ku`t-mwrqoN ielwvw mkwn ikrwey qy lYx qoN vI ienkwr kIqw jWdw sI[ iehivcwry gusy nUM pI ky gm dI hwlq iv`c pyt pUrqI leI DwrimkAsQwnW 'qy it`k ky idn ktI krdy rhy[ gurduAwrw swihb AMdr

(6) (7)

zwq-pwq jW nsl dy Byd nUM pry r`K ky hr ie`k leI mu&q rhwieSAqy lMgr dw pRbMD sI[ is`K ies mirXwdw nUM gurU dI imhr AqyKuSI smJdy sn[ ies AOkV Bry smyN nUM gurU dw Bwxw smJky ibqwrhy sn[

vot dw AiDkwr Kohxw Aqy pRwpq krnwnslvwd AnykW hI burweIAW nUM jnm idMdw hY ijvyN ik iGRxw,

AiqAwcwr, jwbrpxw, duPyV, inrdeIpuxw, pwp Aid[ rwjnIiqkbMdw bhuq hI SYqwn, hMkwrI Aqy lwlcI huMdw hY[ auh Awpxy rwjBwg nUM kwiem r`Kx leI ie`k dUjy iv`c pwtk pwaux Aqy eykqw nUMlIro-lIr krn leI hmySw qqpr rihMdw hY[ ivroDIAW nUM dbwauxleI auh nvyN kwnUMn GVdw hY Aqy isry dw Kudgrz huMdw hY[ lokqMqriv`c rwjnIqI ikauNik votW 'qy inrBr huMdI hY[ ies leI isAwsqdwnAwpxy h`k iv`c Bugqx vwlIAW votW brkrwr r`Kx leI hr FMgvrqdw hY Aqy ivroD iv`c pYx vwlIAW votW ktvw idMdw hY[ so AYsIhI rwjnIqI AMgryzI srkwr ny kYnyfw iv`c ApxweI[

ieM\ kYnyfw iv`c pYdw hoey ie`kV-du`kV bMidAW nUM C`f ky 1885iv`c cIny Aqy jpwnI lokW qoN vot dw AiDkwr Koh ilAw[ rOlw-gOlwpYx kwrn ieh qbdIlI kr id`qI ik ijhVy do swl qoN kYnyfw iv`crih rhy hn auh vot pw skdy hn[ pr 1907 iv`c hyT id`qw kwnUMnlwgU kr id`qw[ :

“No China man, Japanese, Hindu or Indian shall have hisname placed on the register of voters for an electoral district, orentitled to vote at any election.”

“Bwv koeI vI cInw, jpwnI, ihMdU jW BwrqI votW vwly rijstr(votr sUcI) iv`c Awpxw nW dwKl nhIN krvw skdw Aqy nW hI iksycox iv`c vot pwaux dw h`kdwr hovygw”[

vot dw h`k Kohx dw Bwv kyvl ieh nhIN sI ik eySIAweI lokcoxW iv`c ih`sw nw lY skx sgoN Asl g`l ieh sI ik ieh srkwrInOkrI, fwktrI, ieMjInIAr, vkIl, j`j Awid dy Ahudy nw pRwpqkr skx[ ibRitS kolMbIAw iv`c aus smyN 99 pRqISq ihMdusqwnIAWiv`coN 95 pRqISq is`K sn[ 1907 qoN ip`CoN smyN smyN 'qy eySIAweI

lokW ny vot dy AiDkwr leI Awvwz bulMd kIqI pr ieh h`k 1947q`k nw imilAw[ kYnyfw iv`c ^wlsw dIvwn suswietI dI sQwpnw1906 iv`c hoeI[ ies sMsQw ny ij`Qy is`KW dy smwijk AwriQk,Dwrimk Aqy rwjnIiqk msilAW nUM nij`Tx iv`c pUrI vwh lweIau~Qy d`KxI eySIAweI dySW nUM vot dw h`k idvwaux leI vI AihmBUimkw inBweI[ kudrqI 1941 iv`c mogy ijlHy dy ipMf cUVHc`k dyvsnIk srdwr nigMdr isMG ig`l jo cMgy pVHy ilKy, sUJvwn, dUr-AMdySI, ihMmqI Aqy pRBwvSwlI s`jx sn ^wlsw dIvwn suswietI dysk`qr bx gey[ aunHW ny vot dw h`k pRwpq krn leI aus smyN dIAWpRmu`K isAwsI sMsQwvW nUM lwmbMd kIqw Aqy qkVw sMGrS iv`iFAw[aunHW ny Awpxy swQI drSn isMG sMGw jo cMgw bulwrw Aqy Asr-rsUK vwlw sI, dI m`dd nwl lybr XUnIAnW dy pRqIinDIAW nUM nwlrlw ilAw[ mwrc 1944 iv`c aunHW lybr minstr (bI.sI. srkwr)jo Awpxy ibAwnW rwhIN ihMdusqwnIAW nUM byeImwn, byXkIny, bySrmAwid kihMdw sI Aqy ienHW dy vot dy h`k dI ftky ivroDqw krdw sIdI gofnI lvweI Aqy aus dy mMdy bolW sMbMDI muAw&I vI mMgweI[

srdwr nigMdr isMG 1944 iv`c nvMbr mhIny ivjY lkSmIpMifq (jvwhr lwl nihrU dI BYx) jo AmrIkw isAwsI dOry 'qy AweIsI nUM snPrWissko jw ky imly, Aqy vot pRwpqI dy c`l rhy sMGrSbwry g`lbwq kIqI[ ig`l swihb ny SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI,AMimRqsr, pMjwb srkwr lwhOr, Aqy gOrimMt Aw& ieMfIAw dy auvrsIzifpwrtmYNt, id`lI nUM vI m`dd leI p`qr ilKy[ fwktr fI. pI.pWfIAw jo ik ie`k au~Gw vkIl sI ny vI eySIAn BweIcwry nUM vot dwh`k idvwaux leI bhuq B`j-dOV kIqI[

mwrc 1945 iv`c sI. sI. AY~&. dy AY~m.AY~l.ey. imstr lIPYksny ivktorIAw AsYNblI iv`c ihMdusqwnIAW nUM vot dy h`k bwry ib`lpyS kIqw pr ieh QoVHIAW votW dy &rk nwl pws hox qoN rih igAwsI[ ies auprMq bI. sI. dIAW ielYkSnW dw smW Aw igAw[srdwr nigMdr isMG ny swrIAW isAwsI pwrtIAW dy aumIdvwrW nUMp`qr ilK ky mMg kIqI ik auh ij`qx auprMq ihMdusqwnIAW leI votdy AiDkwr bwry m`dd krn[ AwKIr 2 ApRYl 1947 nUM vot pwauxdw ib`l AsYNblI iv`c pws ho igAw Aqy ig`l swihb Aqy auhnW dy

(8) (9)

zwq-pwq jW nsl dy Byd nUM pry r`K ky hr ie`k leI mu&q rhwieSAqy lMgr dw pRbMD sI[ is`K ies mirXwdw nUM gurU dI imhr AqyKuSI smJdy sn[ ies AOkV Bry smyN nUM gurU dw Bwxw smJky ibqwrhy sn[

vot dw AiDkwr Kohxw Aqy pRwpq krnwnslvwd AnykW hI burweIAW nUM jnm idMdw hY ijvyN ik iGRxw,

AiqAwcwr, jwbrpxw, duPyV, inrdeIpuxw, pwp Aid[ rwjnIiqkbMdw bhuq hI SYqwn, hMkwrI Aqy lwlcI huMdw hY[ auh Awpxy rwjBwg nUM kwiem r`Kx leI ie`k dUjy iv`c pwtk pwaux Aqy eykqw nUMlIro-lIr krn leI hmySw qqpr rihMdw hY[ ivroDIAW nUM dbwauxleI auh nvyN kwnUMn GVdw hY Aqy isry dw Kudgrz huMdw hY[ lokqMqriv`c rwjnIqI ikauNik votW 'qy inrBr huMdI hY[ ies leI isAwsqdwnAwpxy h`k iv`c Bugqx vwlIAW votW brkrwr r`Kx leI hr FMgvrqdw hY Aqy ivroD iv`c pYx vwlIAW votW ktvw idMdw hY[ so AYsIhI rwjnIqI AMgryzI srkwr ny kYnyfw iv`c ApxweI[

ieM\ kYnyfw iv`c pYdw hoey ie`kV-du`kV bMidAW nUM C`f ky 1885iv`c cIny Aqy jpwnI lokW qoN vot dw AiDkwr Koh ilAw[ rOlw-gOlwpYx kwrn ieh qbdIlI kr id`qI ik ijhVy do swl qoN kYnyfw iv`crih rhy hn auh vot pw skdy hn[ pr 1907 iv`c hyT id`qw kwnUMnlwgU kr id`qw[ :

“No China man, Japanese, Hindu or Indian shall have hisname placed on the register of voters for an electoral district, orentitled to vote at any election.”

“Bwv koeI vI cInw, jpwnI, ihMdU jW BwrqI votW vwly rijstr(votr sUcI) iv`c Awpxw nW dwKl nhIN krvw skdw Aqy nW hI iksycox iv`c vot pwaux dw h`kdwr hovygw”[

vot dw h`k Kohx dw Bwv kyvl ieh nhIN sI ik eySIAweI lokcoxW iv`c ih`sw nw lY skx sgoN Asl g`l ieh sI ik ieh srkwrInOkrI, fwktrI, ieMjInIAr, vkIl, j`j Awid dy Ahudy nw pRwpqkr skx[ ibRitS kolMbIAw iv`c aus smyN 99 pRqISq ihMdusqwnIAWiv`coN 95 pRqISq is`K sn[ 1907 qoN ip`CoN smyN smyN 'qy eySIAweI

lokW ny vot dy AiDkwr leI Awvwz bulMd kIqI pr ieh h`k 1947q`k nw imilAw[ kYnyfw iv`c ^wlsw dIvwn suswietI dI sQwpnw1906 iv`c hoeI[ ies sMsQw ny ij`Qy is`KW dy smwijk AwriQk,Dwrimk Aqy rwjnIiqk msilAW nUM nij`Tx iv`c pUrI vwh lweIau~Qy d`KxI eySIAweI dySW nUM vot dw h`k idvwaux leI vI AihmBUimkw inBweI[ kudrqI 1941 iv`c mogy ijlHy dy ipMf cUVHc`k dyvsnIk srdwr nigMdr isMG ig`l jo cMgy pVHy ilKy, sUJvwn, dUr-AMdySI, ihMmqI Aqy pRBwvSwlI s`jx sn ^wlsw dIvwn suswietI dysk`qr bx gey[ aunHW ny vot dw h`k pRwpq krn leI aus smyN dIAWpRmu`K isAwsI sMsQwvW nUM lwmbMd kIqw Aqy qkVw sMGrS iv`iFAw[aunHW ny Awpxy swQI drSn isMG sMGw jo cMgw bulwrw Aqy Asr-rsUK vwlw sI, dI m`dd nwl lybr XUnIAnW dy pRqIinDIAW nUM nwlrlw ilAw[ mwrc 1944 iv`c aunHW lybr minstr (bI.sI. srkwr)jo Awpxy ibAwnW rwhIN ihMdusqwnIAW nUM byeImwn, byXkIny, bySrmAwid kihMdw sI Aqy ienHW dy vot dy h`k dI ftky ivroDqw krdw sIdI gofnI lvweI Aqy aus dy mMdy bolW sMbMDI muAw&I vI mMgweI[

srdwr nigMdr isMG 1944 iv`c nvMbr mhIny ivjY lkSmIpMifq (jvwhr lwl nihrU dI BYx) jo AmrIkw isAwsI dOry 'qy AweIsI nUM snPrWissko jw ky imly, Aqy vot pRwpqI dy c`l rhy sMGrSbwry g`lbwq kIqI[ ig`l swihb ny SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI,AMimRqsr, pMjwb srkwr lwhOr, Aqy gOrimMt Aw& ieMfIAw dy auvrsIzifpwrtmYNt, id`lI nUM vI m`dd leI p`qr ilKy[ fwktr fI. pI.pWfIAw jo ik ie`k au~Gw vkIl sI ny vI eySIAn BweIcwry nUM vot dwh`k idvwaux leI bhuq B`j-dOV kIqI[

mwrc 1945 iv`c sI. sI. AY~&. dy AY~m.AY~l.ey. imstr lIPYksny ivktorIAw AsYNblI iv`c ihMdusqwnIAW nUM vot dy h`k bwry ib`lpyS kIqw pr ieh QoVHIAW votW dy &rk nwl pws hox qoN rih igAwsI[ ies auprMq bI. sI. dIAW ielYkSnW dw smW Aw igAw[srdwr nigMdr isMG ny swrIAW isAwsI pwrtIAW dy aumIdvwrW nUMp`qr ilK ky mMg kIqI ik auh ij`qx auprMq ihMdusqwnIAW leI votdy AiDkwr bwry m`dd krn[ AwKIr 2 ApRYl 1947 nUM vot pwauxdw ib`l AsYNblI iv`c pws ho igAw Aqy ig`l swihb Aqy auhnW dy

(8) (9)

swQIAW dI imhnq nUM &l l`igAw[ (pMjwbI p`qRkw mwrc 29, 2013iv`c suKimMdr isMG ig`l ny ies sMbMDI lyK iv`c vot dy h`k dIpRwpqI sMbMDI iliKAw sI)

kYnyfw irAwsq dI hoNdsrkwrI qOr qy kYnyfw dw nW pihlI vwr 1791 iv`c vriqAw

igAw jdoN ikaUbk nUM do klonIAW aup`rlw Aqy hyTlw kYnyfw iv`cvMifAw igAw sI[ pr 1841 iv`c dohW nUM imlw ky ies nUM prOivnsAwP kYnyfw dw nwm id`qw igAw[ sMn 1867 iv`c pihlI julweI vwlyidn ibRitS nwrQ AmrIkw AYkt qihq kYnyfw dI irAwsq hoNdiv`c AweI ijs nUM fomInIAn fyA (rwStrI idvs) dw nW id`qwigAw sI[ 20 jUn 1868 nUM gvrnr jnrl lwrf mONk ny SwhIAYlwn krky Awpxy SwhI drbwr nUM 1 julweI vwly idn brqwnIAWAqy au~qrI AmrIkw dy prdysW nUM kYnyfw dy nW hyT pihlI brsImnwaux leI AwiKAw[ pr 1 julweI dI Cu`tI 1879 qoN mnwauxI SurUhoeI[ ijs idn ies nUM Dominion Day dw nW id`qw[ A`j klH 1julweI nUM kYnyfw fyA bVI DUm-Dwm, KuSIAW, KyiVAW Aqy gIqW-sMgIqW nwl mnwieAw jWdw hY[sMn 1982 iv`c kYnyfIAn pwrlImYNtny kwnsIicaUSn AYkt pws krky kYnyfw nUM ie`k Awzwd dyS bxwid`qw[ aus smyN kYnyfw kwnUMnn qOr qy brqwnIAW srkwr dI ie`kbsqI hI sI[ ieh bsqI pihlI julweI 1867 iv`c cwr pRWqW novwskoSIAw, inaU brnsivk, AONtWrIau Aqy ikaUbk nUM imlw ky “kYnyfwfomInIAn” bxweI geI sI[ bhuq lMmW smW kYnyfIAn fyA dy jSnbrqwnvI pRMprw Anuswr hI mnwey jWdy rhy[ pr 1967 iv`c pihlIvwr ieh idn bhu-s`iBAwcwrI FMg nwl mnwieAw igAw sI[

kYnyfIAn rImYNbrYNs fyA hr swl 11 nvMbr nUM mnwieAw jWdwhY[ ies idn swry kYnyfw vwsI Awpxy kot jW jYkt Awid 'qy pOpIvrgw kpVy dw bixAW lwl rMg dw pOpI Pu`l inSwnI vjoN pihndyhn[ prjw 11 hjwr ShIdW dI Xwd iv`c ies 11 vyN mhIny 11 vjyie`k imMt dw mon Dwrn krky KVHdI hY[ ies smyN lYPtInYNt krnlzOhn mYkry (John Mc Crae) dI bxweI kivqw “dI PrYNfrz PIlfz”vI pVHI jWdI hY[

kYnyfw dy ivkws iv`c fwktr svrwj isMG Anuswr bhuqswrIAW mh`qv pUrn GtnwvW 'kYnyfw fyA' nwl juVIAW hoeIAW hn[sMn 1927 iv`c pihlw rwStrI ryfIE (First Radio Network) iesidn SurU hoieAw[ sMn 1958 iv`c slwnw joV myly qy fOmInAn fyAnUM kOmI kYnyfw fyA dw nW id`qw igAw[ iPr 1982 iv`c ieh idn'kYnyfw fyA' vjoN jwixAw igAw[ iesy idn 'qy 1958 iv`c kYnyfIAntYlIivzn (bI.bI.sI) SurU hoieAw[ rMgdwr tI. vI. kYnyfw fyA 'qy1966 iv`c SurU hoieAw[ Awrfr Aw& kYnyfw jo ies dI hoNd iv`cie`k sdI ip`CoN AwieAw kYnyfw fyA 'qy SurU kIqw igAw[ sMn 1980iv`c kYnyfw fy 'qy rwStrI gIq 'E kYnyfw' pihlI vwr piVHAw igAw[iesy idn nwl hI ie`k purwxI Gtnw jo 1923 nwl juVI hoeI hY cInIBweIcwry nwl sMbMiDq hY[ iehnW ny ies idn nUM 'ihaUmIlySn fyA'dy qOr qy mnwieAw ikauNik srkwr iemIgrytW leI bhuq muSklWKVHIAW kr rhI sI[ ieh Gtnw 1947 q`k vwprdI rhI[ kYnyfwsrkwr ny 1947 iv`c vot pwaux dw AiDkwr dy id`qw[

rwStrI JMfy iv`c mYpl lIP (p`qw) ikauN, ikvyNAqy iks smyN ipAw?

Asl iv`c mYpl dw rs Awid vwsIAW dw ^ws Bojn sI[ auhies qoN Srbq bxw ky vI pINdy sn jo ik kw&I im`Tw Aqy kYlSIAmBrpUr hY[ ienHW guxW nUM mu`K r`K ky sMn 1700 iv`c mYpl lIP nUMkYnyfw dw prMmpRwgq icnH bxw id`qw igAw[ ies auprMq 1836 iv`cmYpl syNt jIn bYNpitsty suswietI, 1836 'c ly kYnyfIAn A^bwrijhVw loAr kYnyfw qoN Cpdw sI Aqy 1848 iv`c torMto iltryrIAYnUAl ny ies nUM kYnyfw dy inSwn vjoN pyS kIqw[ sMn 1860 iv`cmYpl lIP nUM 100 vIN rjmYNt (ruAwiel kYnyfIAn) dy bYj iv`clwieAw jdoN pirMs Aw& vylz ny mihmwn vjoN kYnyfw Awauxw sI[

AlgzYNfr mUAr ilKdw hY ik 1867 iv`c mYpl lI& hmySwleI kYnyfw mhW sMG dw gIq bx igAw Aqy keI dhwky rwStrI gIqvjoN gwieAw jWdw irhw[ ieh &OjIAW dy kot qy Kws krky AONtwrIEAqy ikaUbk iv`c p`ky qOr qy lwieAw igAw[ ies qoN ielwvw ie`k

(10) (11)

swQIAW dI imhnq nUM &l l`igAw[ (pMjwbI p`qRkw mwrc 29, 2013iv`c suKimMdr isMG ig`l ny ies sMbMDI lyK iv`c vot dy h`k dIpRwpqI sMbMDI iliKAw sI)

kYnyfw irAwsq dI hoNdsrkwrI qOr qy kYnyfw dw nW pihlI vwr 1791 iv`c vriqAw

igAw jdoN ikaUbk nUM do klonIAW aup`rlw Aqy hyTlw kYnyfw iv`cvMifAw igAw sI[ pr 1841 iv`c dohW nUM imlw ky ies nUM prOivnsAwP kYnyfw dw nwm id`qw igAw[ sMn 1867 iv`c pihlI julweI vwlyidn ibRitS nwrQ AmrIkw AYkt qihq kYnyfw dI irAwsq hoNdiv`c AweI ijs nUM fomInIAn fyA (rwStrI idvs) dw nW id`qwigAw sI[ 20 jUn 1868 nUM gvrnr jnrl lwrf mONk ny SwhIAYlwn krky Awpxy SwhI drbwr nUM 1 julweI vwly idn brqwnIAWAqy au~qrI AmrIkw dy prdysW nUM kYnyfw dy nW hyT pihlI brsImnwaux leI AwiKAw[ pr 1 julweI dI Cu`tI 1879 qoN mnwauxI SurUhoeI[ ijs idn ies nUM Dominion Day dw nW id`qw[ A`j klH 1julweI nUM kYnyfw fyA bVI DUm-Dwm, KuSIAW, KyiVAW Aqy gIqW-sMgIqW nwl mnwieAw jWdw hY[sMn 1982 iv`c kYnyfIAn pwrlImYNtny kwnsIicaUSn AYkt pws krky kYnyfw nUM ie`k Awzwd dyS bxwid`qw[ aus smyN kYnyfw kwnUMnn qOr qy brqwnIAW srkwr dI ie`kbsqI hI sI[ ieh bsqI pihlI julweI 1867 iv`c cwr pRWqW novwskoSIAw, inaU brnsivk, AONtWrIau Aqy ikaUbk nUM imlw ky “kYnyfwfomInIAn” bxweI geI sI[ bhuq lMmW smW kYnyfIAn fyA dy jSnbrqwnvI pRMprw Anuswr hI mnwey jWdy rhy[ pr 1967 iv`c pihlIvwr ieh idn bhu-s`iBAwcwrI FMg nwl mnwieAw igAw sI[

kYnyfIAn rImYNbrYNs fyA hr swl 11 nvMbr nUM mnwieAw jWdwhY[ ies idn swry kYnyfw vwsI Awpxy kot jW jYkt Awid 'qy pOpIvrgw kpVy dw bixAW lwl rMg dw pOpI Pu`l inSwnI vjoN pihndyhn[ prjw 11 hjwr ShIdW dI Xwd iv`c ies 11 vyN mhIny 11 vjyie`k imMt dw mon Dwrn krky KVHdI hY[ ies smyN lYPtInYNt krnlzOhn mYkry (John Mc Crae) dI bxweI kivqw “dI PrYNfrz PIlfz”vI pVHI jWdI hY[

kYnyfw dy ivkws iv`c fwktr svrwj isMG Anuswr bhuqswrIAW mh`qv pUrn GtnwvW 'kYnyfw fyA' nwl juVIAW hoeIAW hn[sMn 1927 iv`c pihlw rwStrI ryfIE (First Radio Network) iesidn SurU hoieAw[ sMn 1958 iv`c slwnw joV myly qy fOmInAn fyAnUM kOmI kYnyfw fyA dw nW id`qw igAw[ iPr 1982 iv`c ieh idn'kYnyfw fyA' vjoN jwixAw igAw[ iesy idn 'qy 1958 iv`c kYnyfIAntYlIivzn (bI.bI.sI) SurU hoieAw[ rMgdwr tI. vI. kYnyfw fyA 'qy1966 iv`c SurU hoieAw[ Awrfr Aw& kYnyfw jo ies dI hoNd iv`cie`k sdI ip`CoN AwieAw kYnyfw fyA 'qy SurU kIqw igAw[ sMn 1980iv`c kYnyfw fy 'qy rwStrI gIq 'E kYnyfw' pihlI vwr piVHAw igAw[iesy idn nwl hI ie`k purwxI Gtnw jo 1923 nwl juVI hoeI hY cInIBweIcwry nwl sMbMiDq hY[ iehnW ny ies idn nUM 'ihaUmIlySn fyA'dy qOr qy mnwieAw ikauNik srkwr iemIgrytW leI bhuq muSklWKVHIAW kr rhI sI[ ieh Gtnw 1947 q`k vwprdI rhI[ kYnyfwsrkwr ny 1947 iv`c vot pwaux dw AiDkwr dy id`qw[

rwStrI JMfy iv`c mYpl lIP (p`qw) ikauN, ikvyNAqy iks smyN ipAw?

Asl iv`c mYpl dw rs Awid vwsIAW dw ^ws Bojn sI[ auhies qoN Srbq bxw ky vI pINdy sn jo ik kw&I im`Tw Aqy kYlSIAmBrpUr hY[ ienHW guxW nUM mu`K r`K ky sMn 1700 iv`c mYpl lIP nUMkYnyfw dw prMmpRwgq icnH bxw id`qw igAw[ ies auprMq 1836 iv`cmYpl syNt jIn bYNpitsty suswietI, 1836 'c ly kYnyfIAn A^bwrijhVw loAr kYnyfw qoN Cpdw sI Aqy 1848 iv`c torMto iltryrIAYnUAl ny ies nUM kYnyfw dy inSwn vjoN pyS kIqw[ sMn 1860 iv`cmYpl lIP nUM 100 vIN rjmYNt (ruAwiel kYnyfIAn) dy bYj iv`clwieAw jdoN pirMs Aw& vylz ny mihmwn vjoN kYnyfw Awauxw sI[

AlgzYNfr mUAr ilKdw hY ik 1867 iv`c mYpl lI& hmySwleI kYnyfw mhW sMG dw gIq bx igAw Aqy keI dhwky rwStrI gIqvjoN gwieAw jWdw irhw[ ieh &OjIAW dy kot qy Kws krky AONtwrIEAqy ikaUbk iv`c p`ky qOr qy lwieAw igAw[ ies qoN ielwvw ie`k

(10) (11)

pYnI dy is`ky qy A`j q`k vI mYpl lIP aukirAw hoieAw hY[ sMn1876 qoN 1901 q`k ieh hr is`ky qy mOjUd sI[

pihlI ivSv jMg dOrwn kYnyfw dIAW POjW dy bYjW 'qy inSwnIvjoN ieh lwieAw igAw sI[ iPr 1921 qoN &Oj iv`c iqMn mYpl lIPinSwn vjoN drz kIqy[ dUjI ivSv jMg smyN Aqy 1957 q`k ies p`qydw rMg hrw r`iKAw igAw pr iesy swl ies dw rMg hry qoN lwl krid`qw igAw[

15 PrvrI 1965 vwly idn kYnyfw dy nvyN rwStrI JMfy iv`clwl rMg dw mYpl lIP idKw ky ies dw audGwtn pihlI vwr kIqwigAw[ lwl rMg mYpl lIP dw ies kr ky riKAw ik bhuq kurbwnIAWip`CoN kYnyfw ie`k Awzwd mulk vjoN auBirAw[

kYnyfw dw kOmI gIq (National Anthem)ieh gIq 1980 iv`c GoiSq kIqw igAw Aqy sB qoN pihlW

ikaUbk iv`c &rYNc BwSw iv`c Aqy iPr kYnyfIAn ieMgilS iv`cgwieAw igAw sI[ AMgryzI iv`c ies dy Sbd hn:

O CandaO Canada! Our home and native land!True patriot love in all thy sons command with glowinghearts we see thee riseThe true North strong and free!From far and wide, O CanadaWe stand on guard for theeGod keep our land glories and free!O Canada, we stand on ground for theeO Canada, we stand on guard for thee

kYnyfw iv`c hoeIAW mhwn KojW Aqy kwFW- AlYgzYNfr gRwhm bY~l nUM kYnyfw ivKy grmI ru`qy Gr iv`c

tYlIPon bwry soc su`JI[

- jOsP AwrmMf bMbwrfIAr ny srdI ru`q iv`c br& 'qy c`lxvwlI bhuq hlkI g`fI eIzwd kIqI[

- sr sYNf Porf &lYimMg ny dunIAW Br dy KyqrW leI imAwrIsmyN sMbMDI prxwlI iqAwr kIqI[

- mYQIaU eIvYnz Aqy hYnrI vu`fvrf ny iek`iTAW imlky sB qoNpihly ibjlI blb dI kwF k`FI Aqy iPr ieh AiDkwrqblb Qoms AYfIsn nUM dy id`qw ijs ny v`fy pYmwny qy roSnI dyblb iqAwr kIqy[

- rYzInwlf PsYNfn ny ryfIau dI kwF iv`c Xogdwn pwieAw AqyauprMq dunIAW AMdr pihlw vwierlY~s sunyhw id`qw[

- fwktr vweIlfr pY~nPIlf mONtrIAl XUnIvristI mYkigl(McGill) idmwg dI Koj sMbMDI moFI fwktr hoieAw hY[

- fwktr jOhn ey hOps ny pihlw kwrifAk (idl sMbMDI) pysmykr iqAwr krky hzwrW hI idl dy mrIjW dI jwn bcweIhY[

- spwr eyArospys/nYSnl rIsrc kONsl kYnyfw ny, kYnwfrm nWdI roboitk bWh iqAwr kIqI ijhVI AwaUt spys iv`c vrqIgeI[

- mweIk ilzwrfs Aqy ijMm bY~lislI ijhVy qwr rihq kMpnI(Co-CEO's of Research in Motion, RIM) iv`c kMm krdyhn ny blYkbYrI dI mhwn Koj kIqI[

(Source-Discover Canada The right and Responsibilitiesof citizenship)

hux q`k 18 qoN v`D kYnyfIAn nobl prweIz (dunIAW AMdrmhW purskwr) ivjyqw ho cuky hn[ iPizks, kimstrI, ieknwmiksAwid iv`c ienHW v`fIAW m`lW mwrIAW hn[

(12) (13)

pYnI dy is`ky qy A`j q`k vI mYpl lIP aukirAw hoieAw hY[ sMn1876 qoN 1901 q`k ieh hr is`ky qy mOjUd sI[

pihlI ivSv jMg dOrwn kYnyfw dIAW POjW dy bYjW 'qy inSwnIvjoN ieh lwieAw igAw sI[ iPr 1921 qoN &Oj iv`c iqMn mYpl lIPinSwn vjoN drz kIqy[ dUjI ivSv jMg smyN Aqy 1957 q`k ies p`qydw rMg hrw r`iKAw igAw pr iesy swl ies dw rMg hry qoN lwl krid`qw igAw[

15 PrvrI 1965 vwly idn kYnyfw dy nvyN rwStrI JMfy iv`clwl rMg dw mYpl lIP idKw ky ies dw audGwtn pihlI vwr kIqwigAw[ lwl rMg mYpl lIP dw ies kr ky riKAw ik bhuq kurbwnIAWip`CoN kYnyfw ie`k Awzwd mulk vjoN auBirAw[

kYnyfw dw kOmI gIq (National Anthem)ieh gIq 1980 iv`c GoiSq kIqw igAw Aqy sB qoN pihlW

ikaUbk iv`c &rYNc BwSw iv`c Aqy iPr kYnyfIAn ieMgilS iv`cgwieAw igAw sI[ AMgryzI iv`c ies dy Sbd hn:

O CandaO Canada! Our home and native land!True patriot love in all thy sons command with glowinghearts we see thee riseThe true North strong and free!From far and wide, O CanadaWe stand on guard for theeGod keep our land glories and free!O Canada, we stand on ground for theeO Canada, we stand on guard for thee

kYnyfw iv`c hoeIAW mhwn KojW Aqy kwFW- AlYgzYNfr gRwhm bY~l nUM kYnyfw ivKy grmI ru`qy Gr iv`c

tYlIPon bwry soc su`JI[

- jOsP AwrmMf bMbwrfIAr ny srdI ru`q iv`c br& 'qy c`lxvwlI bhuq hlkI g`fI eIzwd kIqI[

- sr sYNf Porf &lYimMg ny dunIAW Br dy KyqrW leI imAwrIsmyN sMbMDI prxwlI iqAwr kIqI[

- mYQIaU eIvYnz Aqy hYnrI vu`fvrf ny iek`iTAW imlky sB qoNpihly ibjlI blb dI kwF k`FI Aqy iPr ieh AiDkwrqblb Qoms AYfIsn nUM dy id`qw ijs ny v`fy pYmwny qy roSnI dyblb iqAwr kIqy[

- rYzInwlf PsYNfn ny ryfIau dI kwF iv`c Xogdwn pwieAw AqyauprMq dunIAW AMdr pihlw vwierlY~s sunyhw id`qw[

- fwktr vweIlfr pY~nPIlf mONtrIAl XUnIvristI mYkigl(McGill) idmwg dI Koj sMbMDI moFI fwktr hoieAw hY[

- fwktr jOhn ey hOps ny pihlw kwrifAk (idl sMbMDI) pysmykr iqAwr krky hzwrW hI idl dy mrIjW dI jwn bcweIhY[

- spwr eyArospys/nYSnl rIsrc kONsl kYnyfw ny, kYnwfrm nWdI roboitk bWh iqAwr kIqI ijhVI AwaUt spys iv`c vrqIgeI[

- mweIk ilzwrfs Aqy ijMm bY~lislI ijhVy qwr rihq kMpnI(Co-CEO's of Research in Motion, RIM) iv`c kMm krdyhn ny blYkbYrI dI mhwn Koj kIqI[

(Source-Discover Canada The right and Responsibilitiesof citizenship)

hux q`k 18 qoN v`D kYnyfIAn nobl prweIz (dunIAW AMdrmhW purskwr) ivjyqw ho cuky hn[ iPizks, kimstrI, ieknwmiksAwid iv`c ienHW v`fIAW m`lW mwrIAW hn[

(12) (13)

kYnyfw dy prWqiK`qy prWq mu`K g`lW

Atlantic Provinces(AMD mhW swgr)

Central Canada(kyNdrI kYnyfw)

Prairie Province(Gwh vwly mYdwn)

West Coast(p`CmI kMFw)

NorthernTeritories(au~qrI Bwg)

kYnyfw AwvwsIAW dI DrqIsMn 1967 dy ibRitS nwrQ AmrIkw dy kwnUMn muqwbk kYnyfw

dsqUr vjoN AwdyS Aqy cMgI srkwr (Peace, Order and good gov-ernment) dw pRqIk hY[ ie`Qy AwzwdI, aud`m, s^q imhnq AqyinAWkwrI nIqIAW hox kwrn KuShwlI BirAw smwj vsdw hY[ ie`QyiviBMnqw huMdIAW hoieAW vI eykqw hY Aqy ies nUM AwvwsIAW dIDrqI (Land of immigrants) kihMdy hn[ kYnyfw iv`c AiDkwr nwloNPrz BwrU hn[

kYnyfw iv`c ilMg, zwqI, Drm, aumr Awid dw ivqkrw nhINhY[ hr ie`k nwgirk leI pRgtwau, Drm Aqy myl-imlwp dIsuqMqrqw hY[ ie`Qy mIfIAw-A^bwr, mYgzIn, ryfIau, tYlIivznAwid srkwr dy kMmW nUM nyiVauN q`k ky itpxI Aqy Awlocnw krskdy hn[ Bwv mIfIey dw Aihm rol hY[ kYnyfIAn smwj sYNsriSpnUM auqSwh nhIN krdw[ cuxy hoey pRqIinD lokW A`gy jvwbdyh hn[

fwktr svrwj isMG Anuswr jo sQwn pMjwbI BweIcwry AqyivSyS krky is`K BweIcwry nUM kYnyfw iv`c hwsl hY, auh pMjwb qoNbwhr iksy jgHw qy Swied nhIN iml sikAw[ BwvyN ik ieiqhws dws&r kdy vI imQI ryKw iv`c nhIN huMdw Aqy vL–CL Kwxy pYNdy hnpr smu`cy qOr qy kYnyfw iv`c pMjwbI BweIcwrw lgwqwr pRPul`q hoirhw hY[ mYnUM sMswr dy keI dySW iv`c ij`Qy ik pMjwbIAW dI coKIAwbwdI hY, iv`c jwx dw mOkw imilAw hY[ ijvyN AmrIkw, A&rIkw,kInIAw, XUrp, isMGwpur, ieMglYNf, mlySIAw, QweIlYNf Awid iv`c[pr myrw ieh in`jI AnuBv hY ik jo sQwn pMjwbIAW Aqy is`KW nUMkYnyfw iv`c hwsl hY auh hor ikqy hwsl nhIN hoieAw[ ie~Qy pMjwbIAWdw pRBwv lgwqwr vDdw jw irhw hY[

mYN mihsUs kIqw hY ik hwly vI pMjwbI kYnfIAn muK Dwrw nUM ausqrHW pRBwivq nhIN kr sky, ijqnI ik auhnW dI smrQw hY[ jykrisK ieQoN dy lokW nUM sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw sunyhw…… jo shIArQW ivc sMswr dw ieko-iek bhusiBAqwcwrI Dwrimk gRMQ hY Aqyijs ivc hlymI rwj (smwijk BlweI vwlw rwj) hY shI FMg nwlpRcwr dyx qW pUrI qrHW s&l ho skdy hn (ieh lyK fwktr swihb nyprvwsI AKbwr dy 21 sqMbr 2012 dy AMk ivc iliKAw sI)[

qyl, gYs Aqy px ibjlI sroq[dunIAW dy sB qoN lMby Aqy mltI spYnpul, sjwvtI bIcz (JIlW), AwlUAWdI KyqI[koly dIAW Kwxw, jMgl Aqy KyqI,kYnyfw dw v`fw smuMdrI AwDwr[muK audXog, jMgl, DwqW dIAW KwxW,m`CIAW dw vxj[mu`K BwSw, PrYNc, kwgz audXog,pxibjlI BMfwries iv`c torMto sB qoN v`fw Sihr,audXog, inAwgrw &wlz, fyArI,KyqI, bhuqy lok PrYNc boldy hn,dySdI rwjDwnI, pMjwbI kw&I igxqI ivcrihMdy hn[KyqI, Kxj pdwrQ, px ibjlI BMfwr,XukrynIAn siBAqw dy lok bhuigxqIiv`c hn[dunIAW dw AMn-BMfwr Aqy kxk dwmu`K somwsskwtUn v`fw Sihr hY, Gwh dy mYdwnvYnkUvr Sihr mu`K duAwr hY, l`kVIdIAW im`lW, Kxj BMfwr, m`CI dwvpwr, bwg, ivktorIAw rwjDwnI,pMjwbIAW dw gVH[sony dIAW KwxW, vweIt hwrs mu`KtUirst jgHw hY, qwpmwn -63oC q`kclw jWdw hY[fwiemMf kYpItl (au~qrI AmrIkw),Awid vwsIAW dw gVH[ieinaUtW dw gVHau~qrI pol lwgy br&Ily phwV, bwrWisMgy ihrn bhuq hn[

inaUPwaUNf lYNf Aqyl Ybr yfr pir MsAYfvrf AweIlYNf

novw skoSIAw

inaU brunzivk

ikaUbk

AONtwrIau

mYnItobw

sskwcyvwn

AYlbrtwibRitS kolMbIAw

XukOn

nOrQ vYst iK`qy

nUnwvqkYnyfIAn ryNzrz

(14) (15)

kYnyfw dy prWqiK`qy prWq mu`K g`lW

Atlantic Provinces(AMD mhW swgr)

Central Canada(kyNdrI kYnyfw)

Prairie Province(Gwh vwly mYdwn)

West Coast(p`CmI kMFw)

NorthernTeritories(au~qrI Bwg)

kYnyfw AwvwsIAW dI DrqIsMn 1967 dy ibRitS nwrQ AmrIkw dy kwnUMn muqwbk kYnyfw

dsqUr vjoN AwdyS Aqy cMgI srkwr (Peace, Order and good gov-ernment) dw pRqIk hY[ ie`Qy AwzwdI, aud`m, s^q imhnq AqyinAWkwrI nIqIAW hox kwrn KuShwlI BirAw smwj vsdw hY[ ie`QyiviBMnqw huMdIAW hoieAW vI eykqw hY Aqy ies nUM AwvwsIAW dIDrqI (Land of immigrants) kihMdy hn[ kYnyfw iv`c AiDkwr nwloNPrz BwrU hn[

kYnyfw iv`c ilMg, zwqI, Drm, aumr Awid dw ivqkrw nhINhY[ hr ie`k nwgirk leI pRgtwau, Drm Aqy myl-imlwp dIsuqMqrqw hY[ ie`Qy mIfIAw-A^bwr, mYgzIn, ryfIau, tYlIivznAwid srkwr dy kMmW nUM nyiVauN q`k ky itpxI Aqy Awlocnw krskdy hn[ Bwv mIfIey dw Aihm rol hY[ kYnyfIAn smwj sYNsriSpnUM auqSwh nhIN krdw[ cuxy hoey pRqIinD lokW A`gy jvwbdyh hn[

fwktr svrwj isMG Anuswr jo sQwn pMjwbI BweIcwry AqyivSyS krky is`K BweIcwry nUM kYnyfw iv`c hwsl hY, auh pMjwb qoNbwhr iksy jgHw qy Swied nhIN iml sikAw[ BwvyN ik ieiqhws dws&r kdy vI imQI ryKw iv`c nhIN huMdw Aqy vL–CL Kwxy pYNdy hnpr smu`cy qOr qy kYnyfw iv`c pMjwbI BweIcwrw lgwqwr pRPul`q hoirhw hY[ mYnUM sMswr dy keI dySW iv`c ij`Qy ik pMjwbIAW dI coKIAwbwdI hY, iv`c jwx dw mOkw imilAw hY[ ijvyN AmrIkw, A&rIkw,kInIAw, XUrp, isMGwpur, ieMglYNf, mlySIAw, QweIlYNf Awid iv`c[pr myrw ieh in`jI AnuBv hY ik jo sQwn pMjwbIAW Aqy is`KW nUMkYnyfw iv`c hwsl hY auh hor ikqy hwsl nhIN hoieAw[ ie~Qy pMjwbIAWdw pRBwv lgwqwr vDdw jw irhw hY[

mYN mihsUs kIqw hY ik hwly vI pMjwbI kYnfIAn muK Dwrw nUM ausqrHW pRBwivq nhIN kr sky, ijqnI ik auhnW dI smrQw hY[ jykrisK ieQoN dy lokW nUM sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw sunyhw…… jo shIArQW ivc sMswr dw ieko-iek bhusiBAqwcwrI Dwrimk gRMQ hY Aqyijs ivc hlymI rwj (smwijk BlweI vwlw rwj) hY shI FMg nwlpRcwr dyx qW pUrI qrHW s&l ho skdy hn (ieh lyK fwktr swihb nyprvwsI AKbwr dy 21 sqMbr 2012 dy AMk ivc iliKAw sI)[

qyl, gYs Aqy px ibjlI sroq[dunIAW dy sB qoN lMby Aqy mltI spYnpul, sjwvtI bIcz (JIlW), AwlUAWdI KyqI[koly dIAW Kwxw, jMgl Aqy KyqI,kYnyfw dw v`fw smuMdrI AwDwr[muK audXog, jMgl, DwqW dIAW KwxW,m`CIAW dw vxj[mu`K BwSw, PrYNc, kwgz audXog,pxibjlI BMfwries iv`c torMto sB qoN v`fw Sihr,audXog, inAwgrw &wlz, fyArI,KyqI, bhuqy lok PrYNc boldy hn,dySdI rwjDwnI, pMjwbI kw&I igxqI ivcrihMdy hn[KyqI, Kxj pdwrQ, px ibjlI BMfwr,XukrynIAn siBAqw dy lok bhuigxqIiv`c hn[dunIAW dw AMn-BMfwr Aqy kxk dwmu`K somwsskwtUn v`fw Sihr hY, Gwh dy mYdwnvYnkUvr Sihr mu`K duAwr hY, l`kVIdIAW im`lW, Kxj BMfwr, m`CI dwvpwr, bwg, ivktorIAw rwjDwnI,pMjwbIAW dw gVH[sony dIAW KwxW, vweIt hwrs mu`KtUirst jgHw hY, qwpmwn -63oC q`kclw jWdw hY[fwiemMf kYpItl (au~qrI AmrIkw),Awid vwsIAW dw gVH[ieinaUtW dw gVHau~qrI pol lwgy br&Ily phwV, bwrWisMgy ihrn bhuq hn[

inaUPwaUNf lYNf Aqyl Ybr yfr pir MsAYfvrf AweIlYNf

novw skoSIAw

inaU brunzivk

ikaUbk

AONtwrIau

mYnItobw

sskwcyvwn

AYlbrtwibRitS kolMbIAw

XukOn

nOrQ vYst iK`qy

nUnwvqkYnyfIAn ryNzrz

(14) (15)

2

is`K &OjIAW dI jMgW-XuDW iv`c BUimkwsUrw so pihcwnIAY jo lrY dIn ky hyqu]purjw purjw kit mrY kbhU n CwfY Kyqu](1105)gurU nwnk dyv jI dw swijAw is`K pMQ inrml, inrwlw, bMdy

dI jIvn Swlw, gurUAW dI swKI vwlw Aqy aunHW dy mu`K qoN aucwrxkIqy s`cy SbdW dI dIp mwlw hY[ is`KI KyfH hI jIvn jwc is`Kx Aqymnu`KI pRym dI hY[ ies pRym iv`c is`K nUM gurU swihb ny pRyrxw hI iehid`qI hY, “isKw! qUM Awpxw qn, mn qy Dn gurU crnW iv`c Arpnkr ky Awpw iqAwg dy”[ pRym dw Bwv hY mYN nUM pry r`K dyxw[ is`KIis`dk inBwaux leI sIs dyxw pYNdw hY[ gurU jI dy bol hn:

pihlw mrx kbUl jIvn dI Cf Aws]hoho sBnw kI ryxkw qau Awau hmwry pws]sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI ny ieh qukW nUM sRI gurU gRMQ swihb iv`c

AMikq krn q`k hI sIimq nhIN r`KIAW sgoN s`c dI ^wqr AwpShwdq dy ky mIrI-pIrI ArQwq sMq-ispwhI dw sMklp aujwgrkIqw jo sRI gurU hir goibMd swihb ny do ikrpwnW pihn ky drswieAwsI[ is`KI AMdr nOvyN pwqSwh sRI gurU qyg bhwdr jI ny iqMn is`KWBweI mqI dws, BweI sqI dws Aqy BweI idAwlw jI smyq Awpid`lI iv`c sIs dy ky ihMdU Drm nUM bcwieAw[ iehnW ShwdqW ny ie`kmhwn ienklwb ilAWdw ijs iv`coN ^wlsy dI aupj hoeI[ sRI gurUgoibMd isMG jI ny is`KW nUM KMfy-bwty dw AMimRq pwn krvw ky AYsImirXwdw iv`c bMnH id`qw Aqy AYsI SkqI bKS id`qI Aqy AwK id`qw“^wlsw myro rUp hY Kws] Kwlsy mY hauN krauN invws]” ^wlsy dwlkS imQ id`qw, 'Drm clwvn, sMq auBwrn, duSt sgl ko mUlaupwrn'[ ^wlsy nUM Akwl purK dI &Oj AwiKAw[ ieh &Oj mzlUmdI r`iKAw Aqy jrvwixAW dI B`iKAw leI sdw qqpr rhygI[srb`q dw Blw, Su`B krm, ij`q dw inscw Aqy jUJ-mrn dw cwA^wlsy dy l`Cx hn[ s`c dI wqr mr imtxw mnu`KI jIvn dw isKrhY Aqy jMmx-mrn dy c`kr dw AMq hY Bwv 'jUJ mroN qo swc pqIjY'[

is`KI dw ieh &ls&w qrk Aqy prK 'qy AwDwrq sMswr AMdr bhuqhI AwDuink Aqy au~qm hY ikauNik ieh mnu`Kqw dy Bly dw pRqIk hY[sicAwr dI zmIr qS`dd A`gy kdy nhIN JukdI[ auh srIr dI mOqnUM mOq nhIN smJdw sgoN zmIr dy mr jwx nUM mOq smJdw hY[

AMimRq dI SkqI bMdy nUM pRBU BgqI v`l lw ky s`c dy mwrg 'qyqor idMdI hY[ ieh is`K nUM isMG dI pdvI bKSdI hY[ isMG pd dwsMbMD nrisMG nwl hY[ pRBU ny nrisMG dw rUp Dwrn krky AwpxyBgq pRhlwd dI r`iKAw kIqI Aqy duSt hrnwkS dw nwS kIqw[gurbwxI dy bol hn:

nr isMG rUp hoie dyh DirE] (1204)AMimRq Ckw ky gurU klgIDr ny Awpxy Awp nUM ijhVy mUrqIAW

khwauNdy sn aunHW nUM mrd bxw id`qw[ isrdwr kpUr isMG Anuswr^wlsy dw kyNdr ibMdU mrdwnw mMfl hY[ swbq mrdwnw dw Bwv hYAkwl joqI jW prm purK jW pUrn mnu`K[ iesy kwrn sRI gurU goibMdisMG jI ny m`uK qoN aucwirAw:

vwihgurU jI kw ^wlsw] vwihgurU jI kI &qih]gurU dw ^wlsw kdy hmlwvr bx ky nhIN cVHdw[ ijhVw vI

ies qy cVH ky AwauNdw hY ieh aus nwl do h`Q kr ky dMd K`ty krnjwxdw hY[ ^wlsy nUM vMgwrnw s`p nUM h`Q pwaux dy qu`l hY, su`qy Syr nUMjgwaux dI qrHW hY Aqy lwVI mOq dy nwl ivAwh krwaux dy brwbrhY[ ^wlsw kdy vI ij`q nUM AwpxI nhIN sgoN prmwqmw dI ij`qsmJdw hY[

hr sMswrI kMm leI bl, dlyrI, hOslw, idRV ierwdw AqyiqAwg zrUrI hY[ aus ienswn nUM blvwn jW sUrbIr ikhw jw skdwhY ijhVw bl nUM pRBU dI bKSI klw smJdw hY[ sUrbIr bxn leIsrIrk bl, Drm bl, ividAw bl Aqy nIqI bl hoxy zrUrI hn[iehnW blW kwrn smwijk bl (praupkwr) bMdy dy mn AMdr AwpyAw jWdw hY[

pRBU dI klw Aqy gurU dI bKiSS iv`c koeI, AMqr nhIN hY[gurbwxI dy bol hn, “gur prmySr eyko jwx”] gurU klgIDr ny

(16) (17)

2

is`K &OjIAW dI jMgW-XuDW iv`c BUimkwsUrw so pihcwnIAY jo lrY dIn ky hyqu]purjw purjw kit mrY kbhU n CwfY Kyqu](1105)gurU nwnk dyv jI dw swijAw is`K pMQ inrml, inrwlw, bMdy

dI jIvn Swlw, gurUAW dI swKI vwlw Aqy aunHW dy mu`K qoN aucwrxkIqy s`cy SbdW dI dIp mwlw hY[ is`KI KyfH hI jIvn jwc is`Kx Aqymnu`KI pRym dI hY[ ies pRym iv`c is`K nUM gurU swihb ny pRyrxw hI iehid`qI hY, “isKw! qUM Awpxw qn, mn qy Dn gurU crnW iv`c Arpnkr ky Awpw iqAwg dy”[ pRym dw Bwv hY mYN nUM pry r`K dyxw[ is`KIis`dk inBwaux leI sIs dyxw pYNdw hY[ gurU jI dy bol hn:

pihlw mrx kbUl jIvn dI Cf Aws]hoho sBnw kI ryxkw qau Awau hmwry pws]sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI ny ieh qukW nUM sRI gurU gRMQ swihb iv`c

AMikq krn q`k hI sIimq nhIN r`KIAW sgoN s`c dI ^wqr AwpShwdq dy ky mIrI-pIrI ArQwq sMq-ispwhI dw sMklp aujwgrkIqw jo sRI gurU hir goibMd swihb ny do ikrpwnW pihn ky drswieAwsI[ is`KI AMdr nOvyN pwqSwh sRI gurU qyg bhwdr jI ny iqMn is`KWBweI mqI dws, BweI sqI dws Aqy BweI idAwlw jI smyq Awpid`lI iv`c sIs dy ky ihMdU Drm nUM bcwieAw[ iehnW ShwdqW ny ie`kmhwn ienklwb ilAWdw ijs iv`coN ^wlsy dI aupj hoeI[ sRI gurUgoibMd isMG jI ny is`KW nUM KMfy-bwty dw AMimRq pwn krvw ky AYsImirXwdw iv`c bMnH id`qw Aqy AYsI SkqI bKS id`qI Aqy AwK id`qw“^wlsw myro rUp hY Kws] Kwlsy mY hauN krauN invws]” ^wlsy dwlkS imQ id`qw, 'Drm clwvn, sMq auBwrn, duSt sgl ko mUlaupwrn'[ ^wlsy nUM Akwl purK dI &Oj AwiKAw[ ieh &Oj mzlUmdI r`iKAw Aqy jrvwixAW dI B`iKAw leI sdw qqpr rhygI[srb`q dw Blw, Su`B krm, ij`q dw inscw Aqy jUJ-mrn dw cwA^wlsy dy l`Cx hn[ s`c dI wqr mr imtxw mnu`KI jIvn dw isKrhY Aqy jMmx-mrn dy c`kr dw AMq hY Bwv 'jUJ mroN qo swc pqIjY'[

is`KI dw ieh &ls&w qrk Aqy prK 'qy AwDwrq sMswr AMdr bhuqhI AwDuink Aqy au~qm hY ikauNik ieh mnu`Kqw dy Bly dw pRqIk hY[sicAwr dI zmIr qS`dd A`gy kdy nhIN JukdI[ auh srIr dI mOqnUM mOq nhIN smJdw sgoN zmIr dy mr jwx nUM mOq smJdw hY[

AMimRq dI SkqI bMdy nUM pRBU BgqI v`l lw ky s`c dy mwrg 'qyqor idMdI hY[ ieh is`K nUM isMG dI pdvI bKSdI hY[ isMG pd dwsMbMD nrisMG nwl hY[ pRBU ny nrisMG dw rUp Dwrn krky AwpxyBgq pRhlwd dI r`iKAw kIqI Aqy duSt hrnwkS dw nwS kIqw[gurbwxI dy bol hn:

nr isMG rUp hoie dyh DirE] (1204)AMimRq Ckw ky gurU klgIDr ny Awpxy Awp nUM ijhVy mUrqIAW

khwauNdy sn aunHW nUM mrd bxw id`qw[ isrdwr kpUr isMG Anuswr^wlsy dw kyNdr ibMdU mrdwnw mMfl hY[ swbq mrdwnw dw Bwv hYAkwl joqI jW prm purK jW pUrn mnu`K[ iesy kwrn sRI gurU goibMdisMG jI ny m`uK qoN aucwirAw:

vwihgurU jI kw ^wlsw] vwihgurU jI kI &qih]gurU dw ^wlsw kdy hmlwvr bx ky nhIN cVHdw[ ijhVw vI

ies qy cVH ky AwauNdw hY ieh aus nwl do h`Q kr ky dMd K`ty krnjwxdw hY[ ^wlsy nUM vMgwrnw s`p nUM h`Q pwaux dy qu`l hY, su`qy Syr nUMjgwaux dI qrHW hY Aqy lwVI mOq dy nwl ivAwh krwaux dy brwbrhY[ ^wlsw kdy vI ij`q nUM AwpxI nhIN sgoN prmwqmw dI ij`qsmJdw hY[

hr sMswrI kMm leI bl, dlyrI, hOslw, idRV ierwdw AqyiqAwg zrUrI hY[ aus ienswn nUM blvwn jW sUrbIr ikhw jw skdwhY ijhVw bl nUM pRBU dI bKSI klw smJdw hY[ sUrbIr bxn leIsrIrk bl, Drm bl, ividAw bl Aqy nIqI bl hoxy zrUrI hn[iehnW blW kwrn smwijk bl (praupkwr) bMdy dy mn AMdr AwpyAw jWdw hY[

pRBU dI klw Aqy gurU dI bKiSS iv`c koeI, AMqr nhIN hY[gurbwxI dy bol hn, “gur prmySr eyko jwx”] gurU klgIDr ny

(16) (17)

AMimRq pwn krwaux smyN ieh Sbd aucwrn kIqy:

svw lwK sy eyk lVwaUN[qbY goibMd isMG nwm sdwaUN[mu`K qoN aucwrn kIqy ieh bcn gurU swihb ny cmkOr dI k`cI

gVHI AMdr ivhwirk rUp iv`c is`D kr id`qy[ ies k`cI gVHI dI jMgAMdr gurU swihb, aunHW dy v`fy swihbzwdy bwbw AjIq isMG Aqy bwbwjuJwr isMG Aqy 40 ku isMGW ny 10 l`K mugl &Oj jo it`fI dl dIinAweIN cVH ky AweI dw iqMn idn ft ky mukwblw kIqw[ gurU jIiqMn isMGW smyq, Awpxy Awp nUM K~bI KW AKvwaux vwly muglW nUMllkwrdy Aqy vMgwrdy hoey gVHI 'coN inkl gey jd ik bwkI swryisMGW ny ShIdI pRwpq kIqI[ m`uK g`l ieh ik swry isMG keI idnWqoN Bu`KxBwxy Aqy AwnMdpur swihb qoN lVdy-lVwauNdy dy Q`ky-tu`tysn[ Bojn vI 3-4 idn qoN nsIb nhIN sI hoieAw[

AMimRq dI klw dw hI nqIjw sI Aqy gurU jI dI bKiSS sdkwbwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr ny isMGW dI m`dd nwl ijnHW dI igxqI Awtyiv`c lUx dy smwn sI, ny muglW dy SkqISwlI sUby srihMd nUM im`tIiv`c imlw ky pihlI vwr pMjwb AMdr jo bhwdrI dy jOhr idKwey Aqyis`K rwj kwiem kIqw auh ilKx qoN bwhr dI g`l hY[ BwvyN bMdwbhwdr Aqy isMGW dI Shwdq ip`CoN 50 swl is`K kOm ny bVy kStJ`ly pr is`K jrnYlW ny keI vwr id`lI &qih kIqI[ iPr is`KimslW dI kwiemI auprMq 46 swl 9 mhIny kuJ idn mhwrwjwrxjIq isMG dw '^wlsw rwj' sqluj qoN pySwvr Aqy ihMdU kuS prbqq`k irhw[ ies rwj AMdr mhwn is`K XoDy Aqy jrnYl srdwr hrIisMG nlUey ny isMGW nwl rlky muglW, qurkW Aqy pTwxW nUM AYsI BWjid`qI ik jmrOd dy dry rwhIN aus ip`CoN ihMdusqwn 'qy cVH ky Awauxdw iksy ny ihAW nw kIqw[ ieh mugl ipCly 600 swlW qoN ies rsqyibnw iksy fr BOA qoN cVHky AwauNdy sn Aqy sony dI icVI khwauxvwly mulk nUM kyvl lutdy hI nhIN sn sgoN juAwn lVky lVkIAW nUMgulwm bxw ky gjnI dy bwjwrW AMdr vyc ky aunHW dI p`q Aqy iezqim`tI iv`c imlw idMdy sn[ pr srdwr hrI isMG nlUAw Aqy l`KW hIisMGW ny dyS dI AwzwdI leI jwnW vwrIAW[

pMjwb 'qy brqwnIAW hkUmq dw kbzwmhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mOq ip`CoN jo 1839 iv`c hoeI,

brqwnIAW dI hkUmq ny pMjwb v`l nUM mUMh kIqw[ wlsw rwj dy pqnleI AMgryzW ny swm, dwm, dMf Aqy Byq dI nIqI ApxweI[ auhsmJdy sn ik ^wlsw rwj dw ^wqmw krnw koeI ^wlw jI dw vwVwnhIN hY[ aunHW 'pwVo Aqy rwj kro' dI nIqI hyT ihMdusqwn dy d`KxIAqy pUrbI lokW nUM is`KW ivru`D aukswieAw, BVkwieAw Aqy Awpxynwl rlwieAw[ brqwnIAW dI hkUmq dy eyjMtW ny ^Ybr dy muKIAWpYNdw Kwn Aqy &qih Kwn nUM Dn dy ky A&gwinsqwn rwhIN pMjwbAMdr vVn leI rwh sw& kIqw[ fogirAW dI m`dd kr ky Kwnw-jMgI SurU krw id`qI[

^wlsw pMQ Aqy PrMgIAW ivckwr jo jMgW hoeIAW aunHW AMdrisMGW ny jo bhwdrI idKweI Aqy AMgryzW dy dMd K`ty kIqy aus sbMDIjMg-nwmy dy AMdr muslmwn ilKwrI Swh muhMmd ieM\ ilKdw hY:

Swh muhMmdw isMGW ny goirAW dy,vWg inMbUAW lhU incoV id`qy]nMdn twpUAW iv`c kurlwt ipAw,koTI cwr hzwr hY s`KxI jI[isMGW mwr ky ktk mukw id`qy,ihMdusqwnI qy pUrbI d`KxI jI[isMGW dw vI ienHW jMgW iv`c bhuq BwrI nukswn hoieAw Aqy

byAMq isMG ShIdIAW pw gey[ jnvrI 1849 vwlI ic`ilAW vwlI jMgsrdwr jvwhr isMG nlUAw Aqy isMG ieqnI jwn lwky, jvW-mrdIAqy bIr rs iv`c lVy ik sMswr AMdr CYl-CbIilAW dIAW DuMmW pYgeIAW[ BwvyN AMq nUM gdwrW dI gdwrI kwrn isMGW nUM hwr dw mUMhdyKxw ipAw Aqy AMgryz hkUmq pMjwb dy rwj Bwg qy kwbj ho geIpr ies sMbMDI ieiqhwskwrW dy ivcwr pVHo:

igRPn Aqy mYsI (1909) iv`c ilKdy hn ik ic`ilAW vwlI jMgny brqwnvIN ieiqhwskwrW nUM vI sSo pMc 'c pw id`qw ik auh lVweIbwry ilKx qW kI ilKx[ auhnW soc ivcwr ky ieh iliKAw ikAMgryz jykr ieh jMg ij`qy qW smJo ij`q ky vI hwry hn ikauNik jMg

(18) (19)

AMimRq pwn krwaux smyN ieh Sbd aucwrn kIqy:

svw lwK sy eyk lVwaUN[qbY goibMd isMG nwm sdwaUN[mu`K qoN aucwrn kIqy ieh bcn gurU swihb ny cmkOr dI k`cI

gVHI AMdr ivhwirk rUp iv`c is`D kr id`qy[ ies k`cI gVHI dI jMgAMdr gurU swihb, aunHW dy v`fy swihbzwdy bwbw AjIq isMG Aqy bwbwjuJwr isMG Aqy 40 ku isMGW ny 10 l`K mugl &Oj jo it`fI dl dIinAweIN cVH ky AweI dw iqMn idn ft ky mukwblw kIqw[ gurU jIiqMn isMGW smyq, Awpxy Awp nUM K~bI KW AKvwaux vwly muglW nUMllkwrdy Aqy vMgwrdy hoey gVHI 'coN inkl gey jd ik bwkI swryisMGW ny ShIdI pRwpq kIqI[ m`uK g`l ieh ik swry isMG keI idnWqoN Bu`KxBwxy Aqy AwnMdpur swihb qoN lVdy-lVwauNdy dy Q`ky-tu`tysn[ Bojn vI 3-4 idn qoN nsIb nhIN sI hoieAw[

AMimRq dI klw dw hI nqIjw sI Aqy gurU jI dI bKiSS sdkwbwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr ny isMGW dI m`dd nwl ijnHW dI igxqI Awtyiv`c lUx dy smwn sI, ny muglW dy SkqISwlI sUby srihMd nUM im`tIiv`c imlw ky pihlI vwr pMjwb AMdr jo bhwdrI dy jOhr idKwey Aqyis`K rwj kwiem kIqw auh ilKx qoN bwhr dI g`l hY[ BwvyN bMdwbhwdr Aqy isMGW dI Shwdq ip`CoN 50 swl is`K kOm ny bVy kStJ`ly pr is`K jrnYlW ny keI vwr id`lI &qih kIqI[ iPr is`KimslW dI kwiemI auprMq 46 swl 9 mhIny kuJ idn mhwrwjwrxjIq isMG dw '^wlsw rwj' sqluj qoN pySwvr Aqy ihMdU kuS prbqq`k irhw[ ies rwj AMdr mhwn is`K XoDy Aqy jrnYl srdwr hrIisMG nlUey ny isMGW nwl rlky muglW, qurkW Aqy pTwxW nUM AYsI BWjid`qI ik jmrOd dy dry rwhIN aus ip`CoN ihMdusqwn 'qy cVH ky Awauxdw iksy ny ihAW nw kIqw[ ieh mugl ipCly 600 swlW qoN ies rsqyibnw iksy fr BOA qoN cVHky AwauNdy sn Aqy sony dI icVI khwauxvwly mulk nUM kyvl lutdy hI nhIN sn sgoN juAwn lVky lVkIAW nUMgulwm bxw ky gjnI dy bwjwrW AMdr vyc ky aunHW dI p`q Aqy iezqim`tI iv`c imlw idMdy sn[ pr srdwr hrI isMG nlUAw Aqy l`KW hIisMGW ny dyS dI AwzwdI leI jwnW vwrIAW[

pMjwb 'qy brqwnIAW hkUmq dw kbzwmhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI mOq ip`CoN jo 1839 iv`c hoeI,

brqwnIAW dI hkUmq ny pMjwb v`l nUM mUMh kIqw[ wlsw rwj dy pqnleI AMgryzW ny swm, dwm, dMf Aqy Byq dI nIqI ApxweI[ auhsmJdy sn ik ^wlsw rwj dw ^wqmw krnw koeI ^wlw jI dw vwVwnhIN hY[ aunHW 'pwVo Aqy rwj kro' dI nIqI hyT ihMdusqwn dy d`KxIAqy pUrbI lokW nUM is`KW ivru`D aukswieAw, BVkwieAw Aqy Awpxynwl rlwieAw[ brqwnIAW dI hkUmq dy eyjMtW ny ^Ybr dy muKIAWpYNdw Kwn Aqy &qih Kwn nUM Dn dy ky A&gwinsqwn rwhIN pMjwbAMdr vVn leI rwh sw& kIqw[ fogirAW dI m`dd kr ky Kwnw-jMgI SurU krw id`qI[

^wlsw pMQ Aqy PrMgIAW ivckwr jo jMgW hoeIAW aunHW AMdrisMGW ny jo bhwdrI idKweI Aqy AMgryzW dy dMd K`ty kIqy aus sbMDIjMg-nwmy dy AMdr muslmwn ilKwrI Swh muhMmd ieM\ ilKdw hY:

Swh muhMmdw isMGW ny goirAW dy,vWg inMbUAW lhU incoV id`qy]nMdn twpUAW iv`c kurlwt ipAw,koTI cwr hzwr hY s`KxI jI[isMGW mwr ky ktk mukw id`qy,ihMdusqwnI qy pUrbI d`KxI jI[isMGW dw vI ienHW jMgW iv`c bhuq BwrI nukswn hoieAw Aqy

byAMq isMG ShIdIAW pw gey[ jnvrI 1849 vwlI ic`ilAW vwlI jMgsrdwr jvwhr isMG nlUAw Aqy isMG ieqnI jwn lwky, jvW-mrdIAqy bIr rs iv`c lVy ik sMswr AMdr CYl-CbIilAW dIAW DuMmW pYgeIAW[ BwvyN AMq nUM gdwrW dI gdwrI kwrn isMGW nUM hwr dw mUMhdyKxw ipAw Aqy AMgryz hkUmq pMjwb dy rwj Bwg qy kwbj ho geIpr ies sMbMDI ieiqhwskwrW dy ivcwr pVHo:

igRPn Aqy mYsI (1909) iv`c ilKdy hn ik ic`ilAW vwlI jMgny brqwnvIN ieiqhwskwrW nUM vI sSo pMc 'c pw id`qw ik auh lVweIbwry ilKx qW kI ilKx[ auhnW soc ivcwr ky ieh iliKAw ikAMgryz jykr ieh jMg ij`qy qW smJo ij`q ky vI hwry hn ikauNik jMg

(18) (19)

AMdr iehnW dw bhuq izAwdw nukswn hoieAw hY[ aunHW A`gy iliKAwik jykr AMgryzW dI ij`q hoeI qW auh au~qm qopKwnw, is`KW dygdwrW Aqy ihMduswnIAW dI m`dd kwrn hoeI hY[

AMgryz lyfI hYrvy (Hervey) ny 1856 iv`c AwpxI pusqk dypMnw 422-23 'qy AMikq kIqw hY:

…. On the occasion of our recent memorable defeat atChillianwala, the prestige of our usually victorious army experi-enced a humiliating failure.

Bwv ic`ilAW vwlw ivKy kuJ smW pihlW swfI hoeI hwr ny ie`kjyqU qzrbykwr &Oz nUM jlwlq BrI AsPlqw drsw id`qI hY[

AMgryz ilKwrI kinMGm ny vI 1849 iv`c ies g`l dI pRoVqwkIqI ik is`KW ny Awpxy blbUqy qy is`K rwj hwsl kIqw sI[ iehnWvrgw idRV hONslw, jMgI AiBAws Aqy GoV svwrI mYN hor iksy kOm'c nhIN dyKI[ is`K hwr nhIN sI skdy jykr ihMdusqwnI ienHW dIm`dd krdy[ Bwrq dy rwijAW dI m`dd kwrn hI AMgryzW ny is`Krwj 'qy ij`q pRwpq kIqI[

brqwnIAW srkwr v`loN is`KW nUM&Oj iv`c BrqI krnw

pMjwb AMdrly is`K rwj dy pqn ip`CoN brqwnIAW srkwr nyeySIAw Aqy A&rIkw dy iK`iqAW au~pr Awpxw AiDkwr jmwauxleI muihMm iv`F id`qI[ ies leI &OjI SkqI vDwaux dI loV sI[Bwrq iv`c brqwnvI AMgryz hkUmq ny &Oj dI BrqI leI ie`k nvINivDI 'jMgjU nslW' (Martial races) dI ApxweI[ lukweI nUM aunHW dyjMgI krq`bW bwry jwx ky vMifAw[ ies iv`c is`KW nUM mu`K lVwkUnsl; muslmwnW, pTwxW Aqy pKqUnW nUM jMgI SRyxI Aqy goriKAW nUMcoxvIN tolI grdwinAW igAw[ AMgryzI hkUmq smyN AMkiVAW AnuswrBwrq AMdr is`KW dI igxqI BwvyN kyvl 1.5 pRqISq sI pr &Ojiv`c 25 pRqISq BrqI is`KW leI nIXq kIqI geI[ ieM\ brqwnvIBwrqI &Oj mu`K qOr qy pMjwbI &Oj sI ijs iv`c mhWrQI p`g dwVHIAWvwly AMimRqDwrI is`K ispwhI sn[ ieiqhwskwrW ny is`K &OjIAW nUM

brqwnIAW swmrwj dI KVg Bujw (Sword Arm) iliKAw hY[ AMgryzWny iehnW ispwhIAW nUM brqwnvI APsrW dI ingrwnI Aqy AgvweIhyT XUrpIn qOr qrIikAW nwl iqAwrI krvweI Aqy brdI qoN lY kyhr swjo-smwn nwl lwmbMd kIqw[ ies qoN ielwvw gurU swihbwn dybcnW dI pwx ik, “is`Kw! qUM kdy vI lUx hrwm nhIN krnw AwpxyPrz pUrI qrHW inBwauxy hn, jMgy mYdwn AMdr ip`T nhIN idKwauxIBwvyN qYnUM srIr dI AhUqI vI dyxI pvy”[ zor, jbr Aqy julm dyivru`D gurU nwnk dyv jI ny PurmwieAw sI:

jy jIvy piq lQI jwey] sB hrwm jyqw ikCu Kwie] (142)

gurU swihbwn dy mhwn isDwqW ny AYsw gOrvmeI rwh aulIikAwijs ny ieiqhws dw mUMh-mhWdrw hI bdl id`qw[ isMGW dIAW lwswnIkurbwnIAW ny AMgryz hwkmW dy ivSvwS nUM ijnHW Kws kwrnwimAWkrky hor p`kw kIqw auh A`gy sMKyp iv`c ilKy jw rhy hn:

brqwnIAW srkwr dIAW pKqUnW ivru`D muihMmWkYptn Plkn dy nukqw ingwh qoN is`K ie`k lVwkU XoDw hY

Aqy ies dI ieh Xogqw kudrqI idKweI dy rhI hY[ ieh bVy in`gr,swhsI, AwigAwkwr Aqy inXmb`D hn[ is`K isAwxy, icVcVy pxqoN rihq Aqy igly-iSkvy qoN dUr rihx vwly ienswn hn[ BwvyN ienHWA`gy A`g dy BWbV bl rhy hox ieh Afol ho ky duSmx 'qy Dwvw bolidMdy hn ArQwq mOq dI vI prvwh nhIN krdy[ so is`KW ny &Oj iv`cie`k nvIN rUh PUk id`qI hY[…pKqUnW dy ielwky ^Ybr iv`c is`KjrnYl srdwr hrI isMG ny kyvl s&lqw hI nhIN hwsl kIqI sgoNA&gwnW dy C`ky AYsy Cufwey ik muV auh ihMdusqwn qy cVH ky nhINAwey[ sMn 1850 qoN 1870 dy drimAwn brqwnIAW dIAW jo 16muihMmW pKqUnW ivru`D hoeIAW iv`c is`K &OjIAW ny v`fw rol AdwkIqw[ iehnW hmilAW iv`c s&lqw kwrn is`K btwlIAnW nUM sdIdy AMq 'c do ivktorIAw krws Aqy bhuq swry bhwdrI ienwmW qoNielwvw 15 Xu`D gOrvmeI purskwr AMgryzI srkwr ny pRdwn kIqy[

ie`k brqwnIAW dy A&sr ny is`K &OjIAW bwry hyT ilKy Sbd'Hand Book on Sikhs for Regional Officers' coN pVH ky suxwey[

(20) (21

AMdr iehnW dw bhuq izAwdw nukswn hoieAw hY[ aunHW A`gy iliKAwik jykr AMgryzW dI ij`q hoeI qW auh au~qm qopKwnw, is`KW dygdwrW Aqy ihMduswnIAW dI m`dd kwrn hoeI hY[

AMgryz lyfI hYrvy (Hervey) ny 1856 iv`c AwpxI pusqk dypMnw 422-23 'qy AMikq kIqw hY:

…. On the occasion of our recent memorable defeat atChillianwala, the prestige of our usually victorious army experi-enced a humiliating failure.

Bwv ic`ilAW vwlw ivKy kuJ smW pihlW swfI hoeI hwr ny ie`kjyqU qzrbykwr &Oz nUM jlwlq BrI AsPlqw drsw id`qI hY[

AMgryz ilKwrI kinMGm ny vI 1849 iv`c ies g`l dI pRoVqwkIqI ik is`KW ny Awpxy blbUqy qy is`K rwj hwsl kIqw sI[ iehnWvrgw idRV hONslw, jMgI AiBAws Aqy GoV svwrI mYN hor iksy kOm'c nhIN dyKI[ is`K hwr nhIN sI skdy jykr ihMdusqwnI ienHW dIm`dd krdy[ Bwrq dy rwijAW dI m`dd kwrn hI AMgryzW ny is`Krwj 'qy ij`q pRwpq kIqI[

brqwnIAW srkwr v`loN is`KW nUM&Oj iv`c BrqI krnw

pMjwb AMdrly is`K rwj dy pqn ip`CoN brqwnIAW srkwr nyeySIAw Aqy A&rIkw dy iK`iqAW au~pr Awpxw AiDkwr jmwauxleI muihMm iv`F id`qI[ ies leI &OjI SkqI vDwaux dI loV sI[Bwrq iv`c brqwnvI AMgryz hkUmq ny &Oj dI BrqI leI ie`k nvINivDI 'jMgjU nslW' (Martial races) dI ApxweI[ lukweI nUM aunHW dyjMgI krq`bW bwry jwx ky vMifAw[ ies iv`c is`KW nUM mu`K lVwkUnsl; muslmwnW, pTwxW Aqy pKqUnW nUM jMgI SRyxI Aqy goriKAW nUMcoxvIN tolI grdwinAW igAw[ AMgryzI hkUmq smyN AMkiVAW AnuswrBwrq AMdr is`KW dI igxqI BwvyN kyvl 1.5 pRqISq sI pr &Ojiv`c 25 pRqISq BrqI is`KW leI nIXq kIqI geI[ ieM\ brqwnvIBwrqI &Oj mu`K qOr qy pMjwbI &Oj sI ijs iv`c mhWrQI p`g dwVHIAWvwly AMimRqDwrI is`K ispwhI sn[ ieiqhwskwrW ny is`K &OjIAW nUM

brqwnIAW swmrwj dI KVg Bujw (Sword Arm) iliKAw hY[ AMgryzWny iehnW ispwhIAW nUM brqwnvI APsrW dI ingrwnI Aqy AgvweIhyT XUrpIn qOr qrIikAW nwl iqAwrI krvweI Aqy brdI qoN lY kyhr swjo-smwn nwl lwmbMd kIqw[ ies qoN ielwvw gurU swihbwn dybcnW dI pwx ik, “is`Kw! qUM kdy vI lUx hrwm nhIN krnw AwpxyPrz pUrI qrHW inBwauxy hn, jMgy mYdwn AMdr ip`T nhIN idKwauxIBwvyN qYnUM srIr dI AhUqI vI dyxI pvy”[ zor, jbr Aqy julm dyivru`D gurU nwnk dyv jI ny PurmwieAw sI:

jy jIvy piq lQI jwey] sB hrwm jyqw ikCu Kwie] (142)

gurU swihbwn dy mhwn isDwqW ny AYsw gOrvmeI rwh aulIikAwijs ny ieiqhws dw mUMh-mhWdrw hI bdl id`qw[ isMGW dIAW lwswnIkurbwnIAW ny AMgryz hwkmW dy ivSvwS nUM ijnHW Kws kwrnwimAWkrky hor p`kw kIqw auh A`gy sMKyp iv`c ilKy jw rhy hn:

brqwnIAW srkwr dIAW pKqUnW ivru`D muihMmWkYptn Plkn dy nukqw ingwh qoN is`K ie`k lVwkU XoDw hY

Aqy ies dI ieh Xogqw kudrqI idKweI dy rhI hY[ ieh bVy in`gr,swhsI, AwigAwkwr Aqy inXmb`D hn[ is`K isAwxy, icVcVy pxqoN rihq Aqy igly-iSkvy qoN dUr rihx vwly ienswn hn[ BwvyN ienHWA`gy A`g dy BWbV bl rhy hox ieh Afol ho ky duSmx 'qy Dwvw bolidMdy hn ArQwq mOq dI vI prvwh nhIN krdy[ so is`KW ny &Oj iv`cie`k nvIN rUh PUk id`qI hY[…pKqUnW dy ielwky ^Ybr iv`c is`KjrnYl srdwr hrI isMG ny kyvl s&lqw hI nhIN hwsl kIqI sgoNA&gwnW dy C`ky AYsy Cufwey ik muV auh ihMdusqwn qy cVH ky nhINAwey[ sMn 1850 qoN 1870 dy drimAwn brqwnIAW dIAW jo 16muihMmW pKqUnW ivru`D hoeIAW iv`c is`K &OjIAW ny v`fw rol AdwkIqw[ iehnW hmilAW iv`c s&lqw kwrn is`K btwlIAnW nUM sdIdy AMq 'c do ivktorIAw krws Aqy bhuq swry bhwdrI ienwmW qoNielwvw 15 Xu`D gOrvmeI purskwr AMgryzI srkwr ny pRdwn kIqy[

ie`k brqwnIAW dy A&sr ny is`K &OjIAW bwry hyT ilKy Sbd'Hand Book on Sikhs for Regional Officers' coN pVH ky suxwey[

(20) (21

'qxwA (jOKm) vwlI hwlq iv`c vI is`K mOq nUM qrjIh idMdwhY Aqy mr ky Awpxy k`d-kwT nUM v`fw krnw smJdw hY[ ieh ijMdgIiv`c kdy vI itk ky nhIN bYT skdw hmySw kuJ krn dI socdw hY[ies leI AsIN ies nUM hr smyN ruJyvyN 'c hI r`Kdy hW ijvyN tryinMgz(mSkW), KyfW, pVHweI Awid[

swrwgVHI dI jMgswrwgVHI dI jMg 36 is`K rzmYNt ny 1891 iv`c bloicsqwn dy

ielwky somwnw phwVIAW 'qy siQq cOkI 'qy lVI sI[ AMgryz hkUmqny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy rwj smyN bxwey do ikilHAW loKrt Aqyguilsqwn ivckwr ie`Qy &OjI cOkI sQwpq kIqI sI[ 12 sqMbr1891 nUM ds hzwr pKqUnW (A&gwnI &OjW) ny ies au~pr kbzwkrn leI Dwvw bol id`qw[ hmly smyN ies cOkI 'qy hOldwr eISrisMG dI kmWf hyT kyvl 21 is`K &OjI qwienwq sn[ pKqUnW ny is`K&OjIAW nUM h`Q KVHy kr ky Aqy hiQAwr su`t ky mrn qoN bcx leIAwiKAw[ pr XoiDAW ny zYkwirAW dI gUMj iv`c ies hmly dw bVIdlyrI nwl qwbV qoV juAwb id`qw[ is`K &OjIAW ny qkrIbn 8 GMtymukwblw krky duSmx nUM A`gy vDx qoN rokI r`iKAw[ ies lVweIdOrwn A`Dy ku is`K &OjI ShId ho gey[ golI is`kw mu`kx krky iPrA&gwnIAW nwl bMdUkW dy bonyts (bMdUk dy mUhry l`gy ikRpwn vrgyiq`Ky hiQAwr) nwl h`QopweI iv`c lVdy bwkI dy swry is`K &OjI jwnWvwr gey[ idlcsp g`l ieh ik koeI vI ijauNdy jIA pKqUnW dykwbU nw AwieAw[ so ies jMg iv`c isMGW v`loN idKwey jOhr dyKx jWpVHn-suxn vwilAW dy lUM kMfy KVHy kr dyx vwly hn[

iehnW 21 isMGW dw swrw gVHI ivKy jUJ ky ShId hox dw izkrieMglYNf dI pwrlImYNt iv`c hoieAw[ pwrlImYNt dy swry mYNbrW nyienHW dI Xwd iv`c KVHy ho ky mon Dwrn kIqw[ auprMq ieh Sbd pVHygey, 'brqwnIAW Aqy BwrqIAW nUM 36 is`K rjmYNt 'qy BwrI mwx hY[ieh koeI vDw JVw ky kihx vwlI g`l nhIN ik auh &Oj ijs iv`cis`K hoxgy, aus nUM hwr dw mUMh nhIN dyKxw pvygw['

“The British, as well as the Indians are proud of the 36thSikh Regiment. It is no exaggretion to record that the armies

which possess the valiant Sikhs cannot face defeat in war”.aussmyN dy PIlf mwrSl ivlIAm jOilP silm dy Sbd hn:

“You are never disappointed when you are with the Sikhs.Those 21 soldiers all fought to the death. That bravery should bewithin us. Those soldiers were lauded in Britain and their pridewent throughout the Indian army. Inside every sikh should havethis pride and courage”

(Field Marshal Willam Joseph Slim)Bwv jdoN qusIN is`KW dy nwl hoN qW quhwnUM kdy vI inrwSw nhIN

hovygI[ auh 21 ispwhI mOq q`k lVy[ AYsI bhwdrI swfy iv`c vIhoxI cwhIdI hY[ iehnW ispwhIAW dI brqwnIAW Aqy BwrqI &OjWiv`c BwrI pRsMsw hoeI hY[ ieM\ hr ie`k is`K AMdr iesdw mwx hoxwcwhIdw hY Aqy hr is`K AYsw hI hOslw r`Ky[

XUnYsko ny swrwgVHI dI jMg nUM dunIAW dIAW A`T bhwdrIidKwaux vwlIAW imswl rUpI jMgW iv`c CwipAw hY[ AMgryz srkwrny ienHW swirAW is`K &OjIAW nUM mrn auprMq smyN dw srboqmbhwdrI ienwm 'ieMfIAn Awrfr Aw& mYirt' dyx dy nwl nwl hrie`k dy pirvwr nUM ienwm vjoN ie`k mur`bw (100 iv`Gy) zmIn Aqy500 rupey nkd id`qy[ ies jMg dy gOrvmeI ieiqhws bwry PrWsiv`c skUlI b`icAW dy slybs AMdr vI drz kIqw[ swrwgVHI dIie`k Xwdgwr swrwgVHI ipMf ArQwq lVweI dy AsQwn 'qy, ie`k&Irozpur iv`c Aqy ie`k AMimRqsr iv`c bxI hoeI hY[

icqrwl dI lwswnI muihMmieh muihMm jo icqrwl dy ielwky iv`c 4 jUn nUM is`K sYinkW ny

iv`FI Aqy AwpxI sUrmgqI idKweI aus sMbMDI jnrl sr hYimltnilKdw hY, “cwr jUn dy byh`d nukswn auTwaux dy bwvjUd idn Brij`qy ielwky dw ie`k ieMc vI duSmx dy h`Q nhIN jwx id`qw igAw[duSmx dIAW KuMdkW (morcy) dy mUMh, h`QoN-pweI dI lVweI lV kyAwpxIAW lwSW nwl Br id`qy[ aunHW dw AwpxI ifaUtI pRqI sm`rpx,A&srW dy hukmW pRqI Swndwr v&wdwrI Aqy jMgI muhwz 'qy in`frqw

(22) (23)

'qxwA (jOKm) vwlI hwlq iv`c vI is`K mOq nUM qrjIh idMdwhY Aqy mr ky Awpxy k`d-kwT nUM v`fw krnw smJdw hY[ ieh ijMdgIiv`c kdy vI itk ky nhIN bYT skdw hmySw kuJ krn dI socdw hY[ies leI AsIN ies nUM hr smyN ruJyvyN 'c hI r`Kdy hW ijvyN tryinMgz(mSkW), KyfW, pVHweI Awid[

swrwgVHI dI jMgswrwgVHI dI jMg 36 is`K rzmYNt ny 1891 iv`c bloicsqwn dy

ielwky somwnw phwVIAW 'qy siQq cOkI 'qy lVI sI[ AMgryz hkUmqny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy rwj smyN bxwey do ikilHAW loKrt Aqyguilsqwn ivckwr ie`Qy &OjI cOkI sQwpq kIqI sI[ 12 sqMbr1891 nUM ds hzwr pKqUnW (A&gwnI &OjW) ny ies au~pr kbzwkrn leI Dwvw bol id`qw[ hmly smyN ies cOkI 'qy hOldwr eISrisMG dI kmWf hyT kyvl 21 is`K &OjI qwienwq sn[ pKqUnW ny is`K&OjIAW nUM h`Q KVHy kr ky Aqy hiQAwr su`t ky mrn qoN bcx leIAwiKAw[ pr XoiDAW ny zYkwirAW dI gUMj iv`c ies hmly dw bVIdlyrI nwl qwbV qoV juAwb id`qw[ is`K &OjIAW ny qkrIbn 8 GMtymukwblw krky duSmx nUM A`gy vDx qoN rokI r`iKAw[ ies lVweIdOrwn A`Dy ku is`K &OjI ShId ho gey[ golI is`kw mu`kx krky iPrA&gwnIAW nwl bMdUkW dy bonyts (bMdUk dy mUhry l`gy ikRpwn vrgyiq`Ky hiQAwr) nwl h`QopweI iv`c lVdy bwkI dy swry is`K &OjI jwnWvwr gey[ idlcsp g`l ieh ik koeI vI ijauNdy jIA pKqUnW dykwbU nw AwieAw[ so ies jMg iv`c isMGW v`loN idKwey jOhr dyKx jWpVHn-suxn vwilAW dy lUM kMfy KVHy kr dyx vwly hn[

iehnW 21 isMGW dw swrw gVHI ivKy jUJ ky ShId hox dw izkrieMglYNf dI pwrlImYNt iv`c hoieAw[ pwrlImYNt dy swry mYNbrW nyienHW dI Xwd iv`c KVHy ho ky mon Dwrn kIqw[ auprMq ieh Sbd pVHygey, 'brqwnIAW Aqy BwrqIAW nUM 36 is`K rjmYNt 'qy BwrI mwx hY[ieh koeI vDw JVw ky kihx vwlI g`l nhIN ik auh &Oj ijs iv`cis`K hoxgy, aus nUM hwr dw mUMh nhIN dyKxw pvygw['

“The British, as well as the Indians are proud of the 36thSikh Regiment. It is no exaggretion to record that the armies

which possess the valiant Sikhs cannot face defeat in war”.aussmyN dy PIlf mwrSl ivlIAm jOilP silm dy Sbd hn:

“You are never disappointed when you are with the Sikhs.Those 21 soldiers all fought to the death. That bravery should bewithin us. Those soldiers were lauded in Britain and their pridewent throughout the Indian army. Inside every sikh should havethis pride and courage”

(Field Marshal Willam Joseph Slim)Bwv jdoN qusIN is`KW dy nwl hoN qW quhwnUM kdy vI inrwSw nhIN

hovygI[ auh 21 ispwhI mOq q`k lVy[ AYsI bhwdrI swfy iv`c vIhoxI cwhIdI hY[ iehnW ispwhIAW dI brqwnIAW Aqy BwrqI &OjWiv`c BwrI pRsMsw hoeI hY[ ieM\ hr ie`k is`K AMdr iesdw mwx hoxwcwhIdw hY Aqy hr is`K AYsw hI hOslw r`Ky[

XUnYsko ny swrwgVHI dI jMg nUM dunIAW dIAW A`T bhwdrIidKwaux vwlIAW imswl rUpI jMgW iv`c CwipAw hY[ AMgryz srkwrny ienHW swirAW is`K &OjIAW nUM mrn auprMq smyN dw srboqmbhwdrI ienwm 'ieMfIAn Awrfr Aw& mYirt' dyx dy nwl nwl hrie`k dy pirvwr nUM ienwm vjoN ie`k mur`bw (100 iv`Gy) zmIn Aqy500 rupey nkd id`qy[ ies jMg dy gOrvmeI ieiqhws bwry PrWsiv`c skUlI b`icAW dy slybs AMdr vI drz kIqw[ swrwgVHI dIie`k Xwdgwr swrwgVHI ipMf ArQwq lVweI dy AsQwn 'qy, ie`k&Irozpur iv`c Aqy ie`k AMimRqsr iv`c bxI hoeI hY[

icqrwl dI lwswnI muihMmieh muihMm jo icqrwl dy ielwky iv`c 4 jUn nUM is`K sYinkW ny

iv`FI Aqy AwpxI sUrmgqI idKweI aus sMbMDI jnrl sr hYimltnilKdw hY, “cwr jUn dy byh`d nukswn auTwaux dy bwvjUd idn Brij`qy ielwky dw ie`k ieMc vI duSmx dy h`Q nhIN jwx id`qw igAw[duSmx dIAW KuMdkW (morcy) dy mUMh, h`QoN-pweI dI lVweI lV kyAwpxIAW lwSW nwl Br id`qy[ aunHW dw AwpxI ifaUtI pRqI sm`rpx,A&srW dy hukmW pRqI Swndwr v&wdwrI Aqy jMgI muhwz 'qy in`frqw

(22) (23)

AwpxI imswl Awp sI[ brqwnvI srkwr Aqy is`K kOm dIAWAwaux vwlIAW puSqW ienHW dy sohly gwauNdIAW rihxgIAW[

XUrp iv`c is`K &OjIAW dIAW Adu`qI ShwdqWvIhvIN sdI AMdr dunIAW dI pihlI Aqy dUjI jMg iv`c is`K

sYinkW ny brqwnvI ij`q leI v`fI BUimkw inBweI[ brqwnvI 'hwaUsAwP lwrfz' iv`c lwrf mYlrwn ny XUnwn iv`c is`K sYinkW dIkurbwnI bwry dswieAw[ aus ny AwiKAw, “pihly mhW Xu`D iv`cgYlIpOlI (qurkI) iv`c 4 jUn 1915 nUM ie`k is`K rjmYNt dy 10 A&srAqy 700 juAwnW ny jMg iv`c ih`sw ilAw[ jMg dOrwn idn qy iCpwAsmyN aunHW iv`coN kyvl 2 A&sr Aqy 70 juAwn hIN bcy sn, bwkI sBjwnW vwr gey[”

bYlzIAm dI AwzwdI iv`c is`K sYinkW dw rolbYlzIAm dy ilKwrI fwktr jOhn mory ny Awpxy pI.AY~c.fI. dy

QIiss iv`c is`K &OjIAW dI kurbwnI nUM bVy ihrdy vydk FMg nwl pySkIqw hY[ ies kurbwnI nUM mihsUs krky sB dIAW A`KW 'coN nIrvgx l`g pYNdw hY Aqy sIs Awp-muhwry Juk jWdy hn[

bYlzIAm dI AwzwdI ^wqr is`KW dIAW lwhOr Aqy myrTfvIznW Kws krky 47 vIN is`K rjmYNt v`loN idKwey zwhrI ikRSimAWAqy kurbwnIAW nUM 15 nvMbr vwly idn hr swl qwzw kIqw jWdw hY[ies AwzwdI vwly idn is`KW v`loN AwXoijq ngr kIrqn (SikhsParade Day) jdoN mYnn gyt kol phuMcdw hY qW ieMglYNf dI mhwrwxIAYlzbYQ AwzwdI wqr jwnW vwrn vwilAW nUM SrDWjlI ByNt krdIhY[ aus smyN mYnn gyt, 'boly so inhwl, siq sRI Akwl' dy jYkwirAWnwl gUMj auTdw hY[ mYnn gyt 'qy ShId hox vwly is`K &OjIAW dy nWsunihrI A`KrW iv`c AMkq hn[ ies AwzwdI dI jMg dOrwn 47 vINis`K rzmYNt dy 444 iv`coN 352 is`K sYink ShId ho gey sn[

eIpr (bYlzIAm) dy kbrsqwn iv`c iehnW ShId &OjIAWdIAW KUBsUrq smwDW bxIAW hoeIAW hn[ ienHW smwDW 'qy 'sRIvwihgurU jI kI &qih' moty A`KrW iv`c au~kirAw hoieAw hY[ srdwr

virMdr isMG vwlIAw sMpwdk pMjwbI trIibaUn ny gurmiq pRkwS,julweI 2005 dy rswly iv`c is`K juJwrUAW bwry ieh ivSyS jwxkwrIbwry lyK iliKAw[ aunHW iliKAw ik bYlzIAm dy ie`k Ajwieb Griv`c ie`k post kwrf 'qy ie`k bYlzIAm AOrq is`K &OjIAW dIvrdI qy gulwb dw Pu`l tMg rhI hY[ post kwrf dy dUjy pwsy AMikqhY, “Gbrwht dI loV nhIN is`K juJwrU Aw gey hn, ijnHW ny jMg dwrUp moV dyxw hY", ieh q`Q srdwr vwlIAw ny ieMtrnySnl is`K XUQPYfrySn, hwlYNf dy pRDwn srdwr BuipMdr isMG v`loN iqMn ijldW(How Europe is indebted to the Sikhs?) Bwv XUrp is`KW dw irxIikvyN hY? iv`coN ley hn[

BuipMdr isMG ny bVI imhnq nwl pihly Aqy dUjy sMswr Xu`DWiv`c ShId hoey is`K sYinkW dI igxqI bwry jwxkwrI iek`qr krkyklmbMd kIqI hY[ ijvyN pihly sMswr Xu`D dy p`Cm morcy (PrWs AqybYlzIAm) iv`c ku`l 34522 is`K sYnkW ny Shwdq pRwpq kIqI[ies qoN ielwvw ietlI, imsr, eIrwn &lsqIn, A&rIkw AwiddySW iv`c 45960 dy krIb is`K sYink sskwry gey[ iesy qrHW dUjIsMswr jMg iv`c 82005 dy lg Bg is`K &OjI ShId hoey[

XweIprz dy morcy dI AlOikk &qih27 ApRYl 1915 nUM 15 is`K kMpnI ny AnUTI bhwdrI idKw ky

jrmn ivKy XweIprz dy morcy 'qy &qih hwsl kIqI[ kmWifMgA&srW ny jdoN dyiKAw ik AYNglo-PrYNc ies muhwj au~qy PylH ho cu`kyhn Aqy mOq qoN frdy mYdwn 'coN B`j rhy hn qW ie`ky dm hukm krky15 is`K kMpnI bulweI geI[ nwl hI jlMDr Aqy srihMd dIAWbRgyfW vI Jok id`qIAW[ 16 meI nUM 15 is`K sYink kMpnI ny cVHweIkIqI Aqy 18 meI nUM jrmnW idAW moricAW qy kbzw kr ilAw[ies dOrwn is`K sYinkW 'qy BwrI bMbwrI hoeI pr ieh by^O& ho ky lhUfolHdy A`gy vDdy gey[ lY&tInYNt jOhn sim`Q ny 10 ku is`K sYinkWsmyq jrmn dy bMbW vwly do bkisAW ijnHW iv`c 96 bMb sn kwbU krley[ ies smyN ie`k idlcsp Gtnw hoeI auh ieh sI ik mSIngMnWdy Aw rhy lgwqwr goilAW iv`c BwvyN ieh bksy isrW 'qy c`k ky

(24) (25)

AwpxI imswl Awp sI[ brqwnvI srkwr Aqy is`K kOm dIAWAwaux vwlIAW puSqW ienHW dy sohly gwauNdIAW rihxgIAW[

XUrp iv`c is`K &OjIAW dIAW Adu`qI ShwdqWvIhvIN sdI AMdr dunIAW dI pihlI Aqy dUjI jMg iv`c is`K

sYinkW ny brqwnvI ij`q leI v`fI BUimkw inBweI[ brqwnvI 'hwaUsAwP lwrfz' iv`c lwrf mYlrwn ny XUnwn iv`c is`K sYinkW dIkurbwnI bwry dswieAw[ aus ny AwiKAw, “pihly mhW Xu`D iv`cgYlIpOlI (qurkI) iv`c 4 jUn 1915 nUM ie`k is`K rjmYNt dy 10 A&srAqy 700 juAwnW ny jMg iv`c ih`sw ilAw[ jMg dOrwn idn qy iCpwAsmyN aunHW iv`coN kyvl 2 A&sr Aqy 70 juAwn hIN bcy sn, bwkI sBjwnW vwr gey[”

bYlzIAm dI AwzwdI iv`c is`K sYinkW dw rolbYlzIAm dy ilKwrI fwktr jOhn mory ny Awpxy pI.AY~c.fI. dy

QIiss iv`c is`K &OjIAW dI kurbwnI nUM bVy ihrdy vydk FMg nwl pySkIqw hY[ ies kurbwnI nUM mihsUs krky sB dIAW A`KW 'coN nIrvgx l`g pYNdw hY Aqy sIs Awp-muhwry Juk jWdy hn[

bYlzIAm dI AwzwdI ^wqr is`KW dIAW lwhOr Aqy myrTfvIznW Kws krky 47 vIN is`K rjmYNt v`loN idKwey zwhrI ikRSimAWAqy kurbwnIAW nUM 15 nvMbr vwly idn hr swl qwzw kIqw jWdw hY[ies AwzwdI vwly idn is`KW v`loN AwXoijq ngr kIrqn (SikhsParade Day) jdoN mYnn gyt kol phuMcdw hY qW ieMglYNf dI mhwrwxIAYlzbYQ AwzwdI wqr jwnW vwrn vwilAW nUM SrDWjlI ByNt krdIhY[ aus smyN mYnn gyt, 'boly so inhwl, siq sRI Akwl' dy jYkwirAWnwl gUMj auTdw hY[ mYnn gyt 'qy ShId hox vwly is`K &OjIAW dy nWsunihrI A`KrW iv`c AMkq hn[ ies AwzwdI dI jMg dOrwn 47 vINis`K rzmYNt dy 444 iv`coN 352 is`K sYink ShId ho gey sn[

eIpr (bYlzIAm) dy kbrsqwn iv`c iehnW ShId &OjIAWdIAW KUBsUrq smwDW bxIAW hoeIAW hn[ ienHW smwDW 'qy 'sRIvwihgurU jI kI &qih' moty A`KrW iv`c au~kirAw hoieAw hY[ srdwr

virMdr isMG vwlIAw sMpwdk pMjwbI trIibaUn ny gurmiq pRkwS,julweI 2005 dy rswly iv`c is`K juJwrUAW bwry ieh ivSyS jwxkwrIbwry lyK iliKAw[ aunHW iliKAw ik bYlzIAm dy ie`k Ajwieb Griv`c ie`k post kwrf 'qy ie`k bYlzIAm AOrq is`K &OjIAW dIvrdI qy gulwb dw Pu`l tMg rhI hY[ post kwrf dy dUjy pwsy AMikqhY, “Gbrwht dI loV nhIN is`K juJwrU Aw gey hn, ijnHW ny jMg dwrUp moV dyxw hY", ieh q`Q srdwr vwlIAw ny ieMtrnySnl is`K XUQPYfrySn, hwlYNf dy pRDwn srdwr BuipMdr isMG v`loN iqMn ijldW(How Europe is indebted to the Sikhs?) Bwv XUrp is`KW dw irxIikvyN hY? iv`coN ley hn[

BuipMdr isMG ny bVI imhnq nwl pihly Aqy dUjy sMswr Xu`DWiv`c ShId hoey is`K sYinkW dI igxqI bwry jwxkwrI iek`qr krkyklmbMd kIqI hY[ ijvyN pihly sMswr Xu`D dy p`Cm morcy (PrWs AqybYlzIAm) iv`c ku`l 34522 is`K sYnkW ny Shwdq pRwpq kIqI[ies qoN ielwvw ietlI, imsr, eIrwn &lsqIn, A&rIkw AwiddySW iv`c 45960 dy krIb is`K sYink sskwry gey[ iesy qrHW dUjIsMswr jMg iv`c 82005 dy lg Bg is`K &OjI ShId hoey[

XweIprz dy morcy dI AlOikk &qih27 ApRYl 1915 nUM 15 is`K kMpnI ny AnUTI bhwdrI idKw ky

jrmn ivKy XweIprz dy morcy 'qy &qih hwsl kIqI[ kmWifMgA&srW ny jdoN dyiKAw ik AYNglo-PrYNc ies muhwj au~qy PylH ho cu`kyhn Aqy mOq qoN frdy mYdwn 'coN B`j rhy hn qW ie`ky dm hukm krky15 is`K kMpnI bulweI geI[ nwl hI jlMDr Aqy srihMd dIAWbRgyfW vI Jok id`qIAW[ 16 meI nUM 15 is`K sYink kMpnI ny cVHweIkIqI Aqy 18 meI nUM jrmnW idAW moricAW qy kbzw kr ilAw[ies dOrwn is`K sYinkW 'qy BwrI bMbwrI hoeI pr ieh by^O& ho ky lhUfolHdy A`gy vDdy gey[ lY&tInYNt jOhn sim`Q ny 10 ku is`K sYinkWsmyq jrmn dy bMbW vwly do bkisAW ijnHW iv`c 96 bMb sn kwbU krley[ ies smyN ie`k idlcsp Gtnw hoeI auh ieh sI ik mSIngMnWdy Aw rhy lgwqwr goilAW iv`c BwvyN ieh bksy isrW 'qy c`k ky

(24) (25)

iljwxy muSkl sn pr isK XoiDAW ny AwpxIAW vfIAW pgW auqwrIAWAqy iehnW bkisAW dy kuMifAW nUM bMnH ky DrqI qy peIAW loQW iv`cdI GVIs ky jrmn ispwhIAW qoN hiQAw ilAw[ ieh vI vrnx Xogg`l hY ik jykr ie`k vI golw iehnW bkisAW 'qy if`g pYNdw qW sBny qUMbw qUMbw ho ky au~f jwxw sI[ ies kwrvweI dOrwn srdwr &qihisMG, su`cw isMG, aujwgr isMG qy suMdr isMG burI qrHW P`tV ho geyAqy surYn isMG, hrnwm isMG Aqy sMpUrn isMG mwry gey[ AKIrsim`Q nUM bcwauNidAW lwl isMG vI cVHweI kr igAw[ do hor sYinksrdwr gMgww isMG Aqy nwiek mMgl isMG vI BwvyN P`tV sn prXweIprz dw morcw &qih kr ilAw[ ies bhwdrI bdly lYPtInYNtjOhn sim`Q nUM ivktorIAw krws, nwiek mMgl isMG nUM ieMfIAnAw&Isr mYfl Aqy is`K ispwhIAW nUM ieMfIAn ifsitMgUieSf mYflpRdwn kIqy gey[

A&rIkw iv`c is`K &OjIAW nygulwmW dy vpwr nUM v`fI T`l pweI

is`K &OjIAW dI dlyrI, At`lqw, AxQ`kqw Aqy isrVIpuxy qoNAMgryz cMgI qrHW vwkP sn[ brqwnIAW dI srkwr ny hYrI jwnstnnUM kyNdrI A&rIkw dw kimSnr inXukq kIqw Aqy hdwieq kIqI ikauh ies ho rhy iK`qy iv`c gulwmW dy ho rhy vwpwr nUM bMd krwaux leIkdm cu`ky[

A&rIkw dy 'Awau' kbIly dw muKI ickuMbU gulwmW dy Aiq bdnwmgroh dw srdwr sI[ auh iksy ivdySI nUM Awpxy ielwky iv`c nW qWKMGx Aqy nw hI lMGx idMdw sI[ ijhVw lMGx dI koiSS krdw sIaus qoN hrzwnw lYNdw sI Aqy hrzwnw nw dyx dI hwlq iv`c pwr bulwidMdw sI[

Bwv ielwky 'c aus dI qkVI dihSq sI[ auh nOjuAwnW nUMbMdI bxw ky aunHW pwsoN GrylU kMm ijhVy bhuq GtIAw sn krvwauNdwsI Aqy suMdr nwrIAW nUM rKylW bxw ky ie`zqW lu`tdw sI[ so iesAxmnu`KI kwrvweI nUM ^qm krn leI blvwn Aqy qkVy bMidAW,Kws jugq Aqy cMgy &OjI dwA-pyc dI loV sI[

jwnstn pws ies kTn kMm leI ie`k &OjI tukVI sI[ ijsiv`c 50 is`K sn Aqy 21 hYdrwbwd lWsrz dy &OjI sn[ ies nyickuMbU dy groh dI suDweI leI kyvl is`KW nUM hI ByijAw[ ienHW&OjIAW leI aus ny ie`k CotI ijhI fMg-tpwaU gVHI iqAwr krvweIijhVI im`tI dIAW kMDW Aqy bwsW dI C`q nwl bxweI geI sI[ iesdy Awly duAwly cOVI KweI vI KudvweI geI[ is`K &OjIAW nUM dyKickuMbU ny Awpxy gurIly iek`Ty kr ky hiQAwrW nwl qkVw h`lwboilAw[ Gmswn dw jMg hoieAw, dohW pwisAW dw BwrI KUn fuilHAw[ickuMbU qW PtV hox kr ky mOq qoN frdw mYdwn 'coN dOV igAw pr is`K&OjIAW ny aus dy swQI v`fI igxqI iv`c bMdI bxw ley[ muV ky ickuMbUieDr kdy vI nhIN sI AwieAw[ ieM\ is`K &OjIAW ny gulwm vpwr dwDMdw ^qm kr id`qw[ ijs nwl su`K dw swh ilAw[ dsdy hn ikjwnstn cMgy pRSwsk hox dy nwl nwl ie`k vDIAw icqRkwr vI sI[aus ny mYdwn &qih hox auprMq aus gVHI dw icqR bxwieAw ijspws ie`k is`K &OjI sur`iKAw vjoN KVHw idKwieAw[

sMswr dI pihlI jMg smyN jrmn dy jrnYl ihtlr ijs nUMieiqhwskwrW ny bhuq hI bhwdr, AxKIlw, isrVI Aqy jMgjU dwiKqwb id`qw hY, is`K sYinkW pRqI aus dy ieh Sbd sn, “jykr myrybhwdr ispwhIAW A`gy koeI AiVAw jW KiVHAw qW auh pgVIDwrIis`K hn[ iehnW ny myry idl AMdr jo kMfw cuboieAw auh mYN swrIijMdgI Xwd rKWgw[ vwikAw hI ieh bhuq inDVk XoDy hn[”

ieMglYNf ivKy 'dsqwr bcwau morcw' jdoN isKW ny lwieAw qW1972 ivc mYNbr pwrlImYNt crcl ny ikhw, “AMgryz kOm dy isrisKW dw cilAw Aw irhw AihswnmMdI dw BwrI Prz hY[ mYN jwxdw hWiesy sdI (Bwv 20 vIN sdI) iv`c do vwrI jdoN AsIN ibpqw iv`c sWqy swnUM ienHW dI loV sI qd ieh isK swnUM cMgI qrHW bhuVy ijs dIbdOlq AsIN Aj AxK, mwx Aqy AwzwdI nwl jI rhy hW[ ieh donWivSv mhW jMgW ivc dsqwrW sjw ky swfy leI jwnW idMdy rhy hn[

AMgryz ilKwrI iPlp mYsn (Philip Mason) ilKdw hY ikpihlW pihl brqwnvI BwrqI &Oj BwVy dy t`tU vrgI hI sI[ pris`KW nUM Swml krn auprMq Aqy brqwnvI APsrW dI tryinMg hyT

(26) (27)

iljwxy muSkl sn pr isK XoiDAW ny AwpxIAW vfIAW pgW auqwrIAWAqy iehnW bkisAW dy kuMifAW nUM bMnH ky DrqI qy peIAW loQW iv`cdI GVIs ky jrmn ispwhIAW qoN hiQAw ilAw[ ieh vI vrnx Xogg`l hY ik jykr ie`k vI golw iehnW bkisAW 'qy if`g pYNdw qW sBny qUMbw qUMbw ho ky au~f jwxw sI[ ies kwrvweI dOrwn srdwr &qihisMG, su`cw isMG, aujwgr isMG qy suMdr isMG burI qrHW P`tV ho geyAqy surYn isMG, hrnwm isMG Aqy sMpUrn isMG mwry gey[ AKIrsim`Q nUM bcwauNidAW lwl isMG vI cVHweI kr igAw[ do hor sYinksrdwr gMgww isMG Aqy nwiek mMgl isMG vI BwvyN P`tV sn prXweIprz dw morcw &qih kr ilAw[ ies bhwdrI bdly lYPtInYNtjOhn sim`Q nUM ivktorIAw krws, nwiek mMgl isMG nUM ieMfIAnAw&Isr mYfl Aqy is`K ispwhIAW nUM ieMfIAn ifsitMgUieSf mYflpRdwn kIqy gey[

A&rIkw iv`c is`K &OjIAW nygulwmW dy vpwr nUM v`fI T`l pweI

is`K &OjIAW dI dlyrI, At`lqw, AxQ`kqw Aqy isrVIpuxy qoNAMgryz cMgI qrHW vwkP sn[ brqwnIAW dI srkwr ny hYrI jwnstnnUM kyNdrI A&rIkw dw kimSnr inXukq kIqw Aqy hdwieq kIqI ikauh ies ho rhy iK`qy iv`c gulwmW dy ho rhy vwpwr nUM bMd krwaux leIkdm cu`ky[

A&rIkw dy 'Awau' kbIly dw muKI ickuMbU gulwmW dy Aiq bdnwmgroh dw srdwr sI[ auh iksy ivdySI nUM Awpxy ielwky iv`c nW qWKMGx Aqy nw hI lMGx idMdw sI[ ijhVw lMGx dI koiSS krdw sIaus qoN hrzwnw lYNdw sI Aqy hrzwnw nw dyx dI hwlq iv`c pwr bulwidMdw sI[

Bwv ielwky 'c aus dI qkVI dihSq sI[ auh nOjuAwnW nUMbMdI bxw ky aunHW pwsoN GrylU kMm ijhVy bhuq GtIAw sn krvwauNdwsI Aqy suMdr nwrIAW nUM rKylW bxw ky ie`zqW lu`tdw sI[ so iesAxmnu`KI kwrvweI nUM ^qm krn leI blvwn Aqy qkVy bMidAW,Kws jugq Aqy cMgy &OjI dwA-pyc dI loV sI[

jwnstn pws ies kTn kMm leI ie`k &OjI tukVI sI[ ijsiv`c 50 is`K sn Aqy 21 hYdrwbwd lWsrz dy &OjI sn[ ies nyickuMbU dy groh dI suDweI leI kyvl is`KW nUM hI ByijAw[ ienHW&OjIAW leI aus ny ie`k CotI ijhI fMg-tpwaU gVHI iqAwr krvweIijhVI im`tI dIAW kMDW Aqy bwsW dI C`q nwl bxweI geI sI[ iesdy Awly duAwly cOVI KweI vI KudvweI geI[ is`K &OjIAW nUM dyKickuMbU ny Awpxy gurIly iek`Ty kr ky hiQAwrW nwl qkVw h`lwboilAw[ Gmswn dw jMg hoieAw, dohW pwisAW dw BwrI KUn fuilHAw[ickuMbU qW PtV hox kr ky mOq qoN frdw mYdwn 'coN dOV igAw pr is`K&OjIAW ny aus dy swQI v`fI igxqI iv`c bMdI bxw ley[ muV ky ickuMbUieDr kdy vI nhIN sI AwieAw[ ieM\ is`K &OjIAW ny gulwm vpwr dwDMdw ^qm kr id`qw[ ijs nwl su`K dw swh ilAw[ dsdy hn ikjwnstn cMgy pRSwsk hox dy nwl nwl ie`k vDIAw icqRkwr vI sI[aus ny mYdwn &qih hox auprMq aus gVHI dw icqR bxwieAw ijspws ie`k is`K &OjI sur`iKAw vjoN KVHw idKwieAw[

sMswr dI pihlI jMg smyN jrmn dy jrnYl ihtlr ijs nUMieiqhwskwrW ny bhuq hI bhwdr, AxKIlw, isrVI Aqy jMgjU dwiKqwb id`qw hY, is`K sYinkW pRqI aus dy ieh Sbd sn, “jykr myrybhwdr ispwhIAW A`gy koeI AiVAw jW KiVHAw qW auh pgVIDwrIis`K hn[ iehnW ny myry idl AMdr jo kMfw cuboieAw auh mYN swrIijMdgI Xwd rKWgw[ vwikAw hI ieh bhuq inDVk XoDy hn[”

ieMglYNf ivKy 'dsqwr bcwau morcw' jdoN isKW ny lwieAw qW1972 ivc mYNbr pwrlImYNt crcl ny ikhw, “AMgryz kOm dy isrisKW dw cilAw Aw irhw AihswnmMdI dw BwrI Prz hY[ mYN jwxdw hWiesy sdI (Bwv 20 vIN sdI) iv`c do vwrI jdoN AsIN ibpqw iv`c sWqy swnUM ienHW dI loV sI qd ieh isK swnUM cMgI qrHW bhuVy ijs dIbdOlq AsIN Aj AxK, mwx Aqy AwzwdI nwl jI rhy hW[ ieh donWivSv mhW jMgW ivc dsqwrW sjw ky swfy leI jwnW idMdy rhy hn[

AMgryz ilKwrI iPlp mYsn (Philip Mason) ilKdw hY ikpihlW pihl brqwnvI BwrqI &Oj BwVy dy t`tU vrgI hI sI[ pris`KW nUM Swml krn auprMq Aqy brqwnvI APsrW dI tryinMg hyT

(26) (27)

ieh bhuq hI kuSl, inrivvwd, inXmb`D Aqy pySw vr &Oj bxgeI[…. ieh jMg iv`c AwpxI iezq, mwx, iemwndwrI Aqy birtSkrwaUn dI v&wdrI inBwaux Kwqr qn dyhI nwl jUJI[

ieM\ is`K kOm dy bhwdr, hoxhwr Aqy Drm iv`c prp`kmrjIviVAW ny Awpxy dyS dI rKvwlI leI nhIN blik brqwnvIhkUmq dI ij`q leI inrBY ho ky kurbwnIAW dy jwm pIqy[ v`fI Aqymu`K g`l ieh hY ik iehnW mwxm`qIAW ny AwpxI AxK, gYrq, cHVdIklw Aqy kOmI AsUlW nUM iDAwn gocry r`iKAw[ iehnW g`lW dw q`qhyT id`qIAW jw rhIAW sqrW is`D kr rhIAW hn:

jMgW Xu`DW dOrwn AMgryz &OjI A&srW ny is`K sYinkW nUM isriv`c golI qoN bcx leI loh top pihnx leI hukm jwrI kIqw[ isr'qy golIAW l`gx kwrn bhuq is`K sYink ShId ho rhy sn[ is`K&OjIAW ny AwiKAw ik swfy leI top pihnxw gurU qoN bymu`K hoxw hY[ieh g`l swfy leI Asih hY[ srkwr ny au~qr iv`c AwiKAw ik swfypws ieqnw Dn nhIN hY ik quhwnUM mOq ip`CoN pYnSnW id`qIAW jwskx[ ies dy au~qr iv`c is`K &OjI juAwnW ny ilK ky dy id`qw ikijhVw is`K isr dy iv`c golI l`gx nwl ShId hovygw auh pYnSn dImMg nhIN krygw Aqy nw hI aus dw h`kdwr hovygw[ gurU dw hukm swnUMjIvn Aqy Dn nwloN v`D ipAwrw hY[ ies qoN v`fI kurbwnI dI imswlhor kI hovygI? ieh imswl is`K dy sMqoK, gurU 'qy SrDw Aqy kurbwnIdy isdk nUM drswauNdI hY[ is`K dI kurbwnI Aqy SrDw sMbMDIipRMsIpl igAwn isMG kotlI dy bol hn:

AsIN dIpk hW kurbwnI dy, jo jgdy ny quPwnW iv`c[jIvn dI joq jgwauNdy ny, jo murdw idl SmSwnW iv`c[AsIN kOm dI SmW jgwauNdy hW, pw crbI Awpxy sIny coN[jd kdy buJx 'qy Aw jwvy, qn PUk deI dw SwnW iv`c….[Awijz hW, pr kwier nhIN, SrDw nUM sIs JkwauNdy hW[zwilm dI Kwqr zwilm hW, ienswn vI hW ienswnW iv`c…[AsIN dUly dyS pujwrI hW, AwiSk hW vIr BrwvW dy[prvwny hW ies DrqI dy, pr crcy ny AsmwnW iv`c[

3

kYnyfw iv`c is`KW dI AwmdCy sdIAW qoN vI v`D smyN AMdr muglW Aqy brqwnvI hkUmq

dI gulwmI kwrn ihMdusqwnIAW dI smwijk rwjnIqk, Dwrimk AqyAwriQk hwlq bhuq in`Gr geI sI[ lukweI swh-sq hIx, l`jwhIx Aqy FITqweI ADIn jkVI peI sI[ pMjwbI ie`k qW mhwrwjwrxjIq isMG dy is`K rwj dw rMg mwx cu`ky sn ijs rwj AMdr hrie`k nUM Awpxw Drm krm mwxn dI KulH sI Aqy Dwrimk qOr qybrwbrqw sI[ dUjw gurUAW dy Awzwd ivcrn vwly aupdyS sdkwauh gulwmI dI hwlq shwr nhIN sI skdy[ pMjwbI Kws kr j`tis`K KyqIbwVI dw DMdw krdy sn jd ik dUjIAW SRyxIAW ikswnW 'qyinrBr sn[ AMgryzI rwj smyN sB qoN mMdI hwlq ikswnW dI ho geIsI ikauNik srkwr ny zmIn qy tYks lw id`qw[ KyqIbwVI vrKw qyinrBr hox kwrn Aqy kudrqI Aw&qW kwrn lwhyvMd nhIN sI[ ieM\zmIn ikswn 'qy ie`k Bwr sI pr auh zmIn vycx nUM h`qk smJdysn[ ikswnW dy muMifAW kuVIAW dy ivAwh zmInW 'qy hI ADwrqsn[ Krwb mOsm krky jW kwl kwrn jdoN lMmy smyN qoN vrKw iblkulnw pYxI keI vwr &slvwVI PylH ho jWdI sI Aqy ikswnW nUM SwhUkwrWqoN krjy 'qy Dn lYxw pYNdw sI[ pr ieh SwhUkwr ikswnW nUM jokW dIqrHW icMbVy hoey sn[ ie`k qW iehnW ny ivAwj dI dr au~cI r`KIhoeI sI dUjw AnpVHqw kwrn T`gI-TorI bhuq lwauNdy sn[

KyqIbwVI krn krky ikswnW dy srIr sfOl , h`Q pYr s^q,k`d kwT cMgy, vwhI smyN s`pW dIAW isrIAW im`Dx kwrn BYA rihq,BYVy qoN BYVy mOsm iv`c kMm krn dy AwdI Aqy hr Aw&q dw mukwblwkrn dy smr`Q sn[ ies qoN ielwvw gurU ikRpw sdkw bVy bhwdr,isrVI, isdkI Aqy jwn vwrn nUM iqAwr rihMdy sn[ AYsy guxW krkyieh &Oj dI nOkrI dy Xog sn[ grIbI kwrn nOkrI krn leI vIqwhU sn[ aunHI idnIN pRvwr iv`c lVky lVkIAW vI keI keI huMdysn[ auprrokq guxW krky AMgryzW ny pMjwbIAW Aqy Kws kr is`KWnUM &Oj iv`c BrqI leI qrjIh id`qI[ AMgryzW ny is`KW nuM BrqI leI

(28) (29)

ieh bhuq hI kuSl, inrivvwd, inXmb`D Aqy pySw vr &Oj bxgeI[…. ieh jMg iv`c AwpxI iezq, mwx, iemwndwrI Aqy birtSkrwaUn dI v&wdrI inBwaux Kwqr qn dyhI nwl jUJI[

ieM\ is`K kOm dy bhwdr, hoxhwr Aqy Drm iv`c prp`kmrjIviVAW ny Awpxy dyS dI rKvwlI leI nhIN blik brqwnvIhkUmq dI ij`q leI inrBY ho ky kurbwnIAW dy jwm pIqy[ v`fI Aqymu`K g`l ieh hY ik iehnW mwxm`qIAW ny AwpxI AxK, gYrq, cHVdIklw Aqy kOmI AsUlW nUM iDAwn gocry r`iKAw[ iehnW g`lW dw q`qhyT id`qIAW jw rhIAW sqrW is`D kr rhIAW hn:

jMgW Xu`DW dOrwn AMgryz &OjI A&srW ny is`K sYinkW nUM isriv`c golI qoN bcx leI loh top pihnx leI hukm jwrI kIqw[ isr'qy golIAW l`gx kwrn bhuq is`K sYink ShId ho rhy sn[ is`K&OjIAW ny AwiKAw ik swfy leI top pihnxw gurU qoN bymu`K hoxw hY[ieh g`l swfy leI Asih hY[ srkwr ny au~qr iv`c AwiKAw ik swfypws ieqnw Dn nhIN hY ik quhwnUM mOq ip`CoN pYnSnW id`qIAW jwskx[ ies dy au~qr iv`c is`K &OjI juAwnW ny ilK ky dy id`qw ikijhVw is`K isr dy iv`c golI l`gx nwl ShId hovygw auh pYnSn dImMg nhIN krygw Aqy nw hI aus dw h`kdwr hovygw[ gurU dw hukm swnUMjIvn Aqy Dn nwloN v`D ipAwrw hY[ ies qoN v`fI kurbwnI dI imswlhor kI hovygI? ieh imswl is`K dy sMqoK, gurU 'qy SrDw Aqy kurbwnIdy isdk nUM drswauNdI hY[ is`K dI kurbwnI Aqy SrDw sMbMDIipRMsIpl igAwn isMG kotlI dy bol hn:

AsIN dIpk hW kurbwnI dy, jo jgdy ny quPwnW iv`c[jIvn dI joq jgwauNdy ny, jo murdw idl SmSwnW iv`c[AsIN kOm dI SmW jgwauNdy hW, pw crbI Awpxy sIny coN[jd kdy buJx 'qy Aw jwvy, qn PUk deI dw SwnW iv`c….[Awijz hW, pr kwier nhIN, SrDw nUM sIs JkwauNdy hW[zwilm dI Kwqr zwilm hW, ienswn vI hW ienswnW iv`c…[AsIN dUly dyS pujwrI hW, AwiSk hW vIr BrwvW dy[prvwny hW ies DrqI dy, pr crcy ny AsmwnW iv`c[

3

kYnyfw iv`c is`KW dI AwmdCy sdIAW qoN vI v`D smyN AMdr muglW Aqy brqwnvI hkUmq

dI gulwmI kwrn ihMdusqwnIAW dI smwijk rwjnIqk, Dwrimk AqyAwriQk hwlq bhuq in`Gr geI sI[ lukweI swh-sq hIx, l`jwhIx Aqy FITqweI ADIn jkVI peI sI[ pMjwbI ie`k qW mhwrwjwrxjIq isMG dy is`K rwj dw rMg mwx cu`ky sn ijs rwj AMdr hrie`k nUM Awpxw Drm krm mwxn dI KulH sI Aqy Dwrimk qOr qybrwbrqw sI[ dUjw gurUAW dy Awzwd ivcrn vwly aupdyS sdkwauh gulwmI dI hwlq shwr nhIN sI skdy[ pMjwbI Kws kr j`tis`K KyqIbwVI dw DMdw krdy sn jd ik dUjIAW SRyxIAW ikswnW 'qyinrBr sn[ AMgryzI rwj smyN sB qoN mMdI hwlq ikswnW dI ho geIsI ikauNik srkwr ny zmIn qy tYks lw id`qw[ KyqIbwVI vrKw qyinrBr hox kwrn Aqy kudrqI Aw&qW kwrn lwhyvMd nhIN sI[ ieM\zmIn ikswn 'qy ie`k Bwr sI pr auh zmIn vycx nUM h`qk smJdysn[ ikswnW dy muMifAW kuVIAW dy ivAwh zmInW 'qy hI ADwrqsn[ Krwb mOsm krky jW kwl kwrn jdoN lMmy smyN qoN vrKw iblkulnw pYxI keI vwr &slvwVI PylH ho jWdI sI Aqy ikswnW nUM SwhUkwrWqoN krjy 'qy Dn lYxw pYNdw sI[ pr ieh SwhUkwr ikswnW nUM jokW dIqrHW icMbVy hoey sn[ ie`k qW iehnW ny ivAwj dI dr au~cI r`KIhoeI sI dUjw AnpVHqw kwrn T`gI-TorI bhuq lwauNdy sn[

KyqIbwVI krn krky ikswnW dy srIr sfOl , h`Q pYr s^q,k`d kwT cMgy, vwhI smyN s`pW dIAW isrIAW im`Dx kwrn BYA rihq,BYVy qoN BYVy mOsm iv`c kMm krn dy AwdI Aqy hr Aw&q dw mukwblwkrn dy smr`Q sn[ ies qoN ielwvw gurU ikRpw sdkw bVy bhwdr,isrVI, isdkI Aqy jwn vwrn nUM iqAwr rihMdy sn[ AYsy guxW krkyieh &Oj dI nOkrI dy Xog sn[ grIbI kwrn nOkrI krn leI vIqwhU sn[ aunHI idnIN pRvwr iv`c lVky lVkIAW vI keI keI huMdysn[ auprrokq guxW krky AMgryzW ny pMjwbIAW Aqy Kws kr is`KWnUM &Oj iv`c BrqI leI qrjIh id`qI[ AMgryzW ny is`KW nuM BrqI leI

(28) (29)

ies krky vI psMd kIqw ik iehnW ny 1857 dy gdr vkq AMgryzWdw swQ id`qw sI Aqy AwpxI v&wdwrI drsweI sI[ BwvyN 1857 dygdr sMbMDI jo AMgryzI srkwr dy ivru`D sI Aqy bhuqy ieiqhwskwrWAnuswr dyS dI AwzwdI dI lVweI sI, iv`c is`KW ny gdwrI kIqI[pr gurU dw is`K kdy dyS kOm nwl gdwrI nhIN krdw[ is`KW ny ieskrky gdr lihr iv`c Bwg nhIN sI ilAw ikauNik ieh lihrihMdusqwn dI rjvwVwSwhI v`loN clweI geI sI[ ieiqhws 'qy nzrmwrIey qW ies rjvwVwSwhI ivru`D rMjS zrUr sI[ muslmwnilKwrI Swh muhMmd Awpxy jMg nwmy iv`c ilKdw hY, ijs nUM aus nyihMd Aqy pMjwb dw nwm id`qw:

jMg ihMd pMjwb dw hox l`gw, dovyN bwdSwhI &OjW BwrIAW jI[Aj hovy srkwr qW mul pwvy, ijhVIAW wlsy ny qygW mwrIAW jI[…………………………isMGW mwr ky ktk mukw id`qy, ihMdusqwnI qy pUrbI d`KxI jI[…………………………Swh muhMmdw iek srkwr bwJoN, &OjW ijq ky AMq nUM hwrIAW jI[1857 dy gdr bwry pMfq jvwhr lwl nihrU ny AwpxI pusqk

'ifskvrI Aw& ieMfIAw' dy pMnw 324-25 'qy ieM\ iliKAw hY:

'ieh ivdroh kyvl kuJ-ku-rjvwiVAW Aqy aunHW dy pYrokwrWdI in`jI BVws sI[ inkMmy Aqy An-sMgTq hox qoN ielwvw auh iksyin`gr Aqy Tos pRogrwm jW sWJy inSwny qoN iblkul s`Kxy sn[…….kuJ ku rjvwiVAW dy ihrdy iv`c ivdySI hwkmW ivru`D eIrKw dIBwvnw nUM AwzwdI dI lVweI nhIN ikhw jw skdw”[

gdr dI muihMm isry nw cVHn ip`CoN AMgryz hkUmq ny rwj BwgdI rKvwlI leI &OjI BrqI SurU kr id`qI[ jdoN is`K mwqwvW nUM pqwl`igAw ik BrqI iv`c is`KW nUM pihl id`qI jw rhI hY qW aunHW Awpxypu`qrW nUM vDyry du`D, dhIN, mlweI, ADirVk Aqy iGau dyxw SurU krid`qw[ srIr bnwaux leI ipMfW iv`c kuSqI dy m`l-AKwVy, Bwrcu`kx Aqy mUMglIAW Pyrn dw kMm v`fI p`Dr 'qy SurU ho igAw[ is`KWdy &Oj iv`c BrqI hox dy auqSwh nUM q`k ky AMgryzI srkwr ny v`fIp`Dr 'qy BrqI AwrMB id`qI Aqy is`K kMpnIAW KVHIAW kr id`qIAW[

ieM\ is`K ikswnW dy juJwrU pu`qrW ny Awpxy j`dI puSqI ik`qy KyqIbwVInUM C`f &Oj iv`c jwx dy mn bxw ley[ vYsy vI ienHW dy idlW AMdrie`k qW Dn kmwaux dw cwA sI Aqy dUjw bwhrly dySW nUM jwx dIKuSI sI[

is`K &OjIAW nUM ivdySW 'c ByjxwbrqwnvI srkwr ny sB qoN pihlW isK &Oj nUM mlwieAw ByijAw[

ijQy pYrwk ivKy sony dIAW KwxW sn[ ieQy cIny lutyry lutmwr krdyAqy AMgryzW nUM bhuq qMg krdy sn[ isK &OjIAW ny pYrwk ivKy phuMcky cIny DwVvIAW nUM AYsw soiDAw ik ies auprMq koeI lutmwr nwhoeI[ ies s&lqw dI crcw cwr-cuPyry ho geI[ ies kwrn mlwieAwivc isK &OjIAW Aqy isK pihrydwrW dI mMg vD geI[ srkwrIiemwrqW Aqy bYNkW dI rwKI leI isKW nUM nOkrIAW imlx lg pweIAW[hOlI hOlI ienHW ny Awpxy BrwvW, irSqydwrW Aqy imqrW nUM vI vqn Cfky ivdySW ivc kMm krn leI auqSwhq kIqw[ iehI muK kwrn sI ikisK &OjI qy ispwhI SMGweI, mlwieAw, isMGwpur Awid mulkW jW horQwvW qy phuMc gey[ ieh Kulwsw mnjIq isMG isDU Aqy fwktr pUrnisMG ny AwpxIAW pusqkW ivc kIqw hY[

is`K &OjIAW dI kYnyfw ivclI sYrie`k sUcnw Anuswr brqwnIAW dI mhwrwxI dI Swn-SOkq

leI fwiemMf jublI dy jSnW smyN 1897 eIsvI nUM ihMdusqwn qoNieMglYNf iv`c ie`k is`K &OjIAW dI tukVI mMgvweI geI sI[ ies dwmu`K mMqv ieh sI ik ie`k qW is`K &OjIAW dI id`K p`g dwVHIAW krkydUijAW nwloN v`KrI hY; dUjw iehnW dI pRyf vwly krq`v vI bVyinrwly, joS Bry Aqy idlcsp sn Aqy qIjw ieh ik Aijhw mwxsiqkwr mihsUs krky hor is`K nOjuAwn &Oj iv`c BrqI hoxgy[ is`K&OjIAW ny auprokq jSnW iv`c nyknIqI, inXmb`Dqw Aqy pUry qwxnwl pRyf kIqI[ ieMglYNf Tihrn smyN ienHW dI cMgI mihmwn invwzIkIqI geI Aqy auprMq srkwrI hukmW muqwibk KuS ho ky iehnW nUMKuS krn leI smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN kYnyfw dy pRWq ibRitS kolMbIAw dIsYr dw pRogRwm aulIikAw igAw[ ies PyrI dOrwn jdoN iehnW POjIAW

(30) (31)

ies krky vI psMd kIqw ik iehnW ny 1857 dy gdr vkq AMgryzWdw swQ id`qw sI Aqy AwpxI v&wdwrI drsweI sI[ BwvyN 1857 dygdr sMbMDI jo AMgryzI srkwr dy ivru`D sI Aqy bhuqy ieiqhwskwrWAnuswr dyS dI AwzwdI dI lVweI sI, iv`c is`KW ny gdwrI kIqI[pr gurU dw is`K kdy dyS kOm nwl gdwrI nhIN krdw[ is`KW ny ieskrky gdr lihr iv`c Bwg nhIN sI ilAw ikauNik ieh lihrihMdusqwn dI rjvwVwSwhI v`loN clweI geI sI[ ieiqhws 'qy nzrmwrIey qW ies rjvwVwSwhI ivru`D rMjS zrUr sI[ muslmwnilKwrI Swh muhMmd Awpxy jMg nwmy iv`c ilKdw hY, ijs nUM aus nyihMd Aqy pMjwb dw nwm id`qw:

jMg ihMd pMjwb dw hox l`gw, dovyN bwdSwhI &OjW BwrIAW jI[Aj hovy srkwr qW mul pwvy, ijhVIAW wlsy ny qygW mwrIAW jI[…………………………isMGW mwr ky ktk mukw id`qy, ihMdusqwnI qy pUrbI d`KxI jI[…………………………Swh muhMmdw iek srkwr bwJoN, &OjW ijq ky AMq nUM hwrIAW jI[1857 dy gdr bwry pMfq jvwhr lwl nihrU ny AwpxI pusqk

'ifskvrI Aw& ieMfIAw' dy pMnw 324-25 'qy ieM\ iliKAw hY:

'ieh ivdroh kyvl kuJ-ku-rjvwiVAW Aqy aunHW dy pYrokwrWdI in`jI BVws sI[ inkMmy Aqy An-sMgTq hox qoN ielwvw auh iksyin`gr Aqy Tos pRogrwm jW sWJy inSwny qoN iblkul s`Kxy sn[…….kuJ ku rjvwiVAW dy ihrdy iv`c ivdySI hwkmW ivru`D eIrKw dIBwvnw nUM AwzwdI dI lVweI nhIN ikhw jw skdw”[

gdr dI muihMm isry nw cVHn ip`CoN AMgryz hkUmq ny rwj BwgdI rKvwlI leI &OjI BrqI SurU kr id`qI[ jdoN is`K mwqwvW nUM pqwl`igAw ik BrqI iv`c is`KW nUM pihl id`qI jw rhI hY qW aunHW Awpxypu`qrW nUM vDyry du`D, dhIN, mlweI, ADirVk Aqy iGau dyxw SurU krid`qw[ srIr bnwaux leI ipMfW iv`c kuSqI dy m`l-AKwVy, Bwrcu`kx Aqy mUMglIAW Pyrn dw kMm v`fI p`Dr 'qy SurU ho igAw[ is`KWdy &Oj iv`c BrqI hox dy auqSwh nUM q`k ky AMgryzI srkwr ny v`fIp`Dr 'qy BrqI AwrMB id`qI Aqy is`K kMpnIAW KVHIAW kr id`qIAW[

ieM\ is`K ikswnW dy juJwrU pu`qrW ny Awpxy j`dI puSqI ik`qy KyqIbwVInUM C`f &Oj iv`c jwx dy mn bxw ley[ vYsy vI ienHW dy idlW AMdrie`k qW Dn kmwaux dw cwA sI Aqy dUjw bwhrly dySW nUM jwx dIKuSI sI[

is`K &OjIAW nUM ivdySW 'c ByjxwbrqwnvI srkwr ny sB qoN pihlW isK &Oj nUM mlwieAw ByijAw[

ijQy pYrwk ivKy sony dIAW KwxW sn[ ieQy cIny lutyry lutmwr krdyAqy AMgryzW nUM bhuq qMg krdy sn[ isK &OjIAW ny pYrwk ivKy phuMcky cIny DwVvIAW nUM AYsw soiDAw ik ies auprMq koeI lutmwr nwhoeI[ ies s&lqw dI crcw cwr-cuPyry ho geI[ ies kwrn mlwieAwivc isK &OjIAW Aqy isK pihrydwrW dI mMg vD geI[ srkwrIiemwrqW Aqy bYNkW dI rwKI leI isKW nUM nOkrIAW imlx lg pweIAW[hOlI hOlI ienHW ny Awpxy BrwvW, irSqydwrW Aqy imqrW nUM vI vqn Cfky ivdySW ivc kMm krn leI auqSwhq kIqw[ iehI muK kwrn sI ikisK &OjI qy ispwhI SMGweI, mlwieAw, isMGwpur Awid mulkW jW horQwvW qy phuMc gey[ ieh Kulwsw mnjIq isMG isDU Aqy fwktr pUrnisMG ny AwpxIAW pusqkW ivc kIqw hY[

is`K &OjIAW dI kYnyfw ivclI sYrie`k sUcnw Anuswr brqwnIAW dI mhwrwxI dI Swn-SOkq

leI fwiemMf jublI dy jSnW smyN 1897 eIsvI nUM ihMdusqwn qoNieMglYNf iv`c ie`k is`K &OjIAW dI tukVI mMgvweI geI sI[ ies dwmu`K mMqv ieh sI ik ie`k qW is`K &OjIAW dI id`K p`g dwVHIAW krkydUijAW nwloN v`KrI hY; dUjw iehnW dI pRyf vwly krq`v vI bVyinrwly, joS Bry Aqy idlcsp sn Aqy qIjw ieh ik Aijhw mwxsiqkwr mihsUs krky hor is`K nOjuAwn &Oj iv`c BrqI hoxgy[ is`K&OjIAW ny auprokq jSnW iv`c nyknIqI, inXmb`Dqw Aqy pUry qwxnwl pRyf kIqI[ ieMglYNf Tihrn smyN ienHW dI cMgI mihmwn invwzIkIqI geI Aqy auprMq srkwrI hukmW muqwibk KuS ho ky iehnW nUMKuS krn leI smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN kYnyfw dy pRWq ibRitS kolMbIAw dIsYr dw pRogRwm aulIikAw igAw[ ies PyrI dOrwn jdoN iehnW POjIAW

(30) (31)

nUM Awly-duAwly GumwieAw-iPrwieAw qW ieh ie`QoN dy AdBu`q nzwrydyK ky bVy AnMdq hoey[ ie`QoN dI pRikrqk suMdrqw, pwxI dy AwbSwrW,au~cy au~cy ibRCW Aqy br& nwl l`dIAW phwVIAW, husIn vwdIAW,sw&-suQry vwqwvrn, vMn-suvMny lokW, au~cIAW mihl-mwVIAW AqygoirAW dIAW suMdr bgIcIAW nUM dyK ienHW dy mn mohy gey[ ie`Qy GxyjMgl Aqy v`fIAW v`fIAW l`kV dIAW im`lW dyK ky ienHW dy mnWAMdr kMm-kwj dy vsIilAW dw vI igAwn ho igAw[ AYsI suMdrjgHw 'qy ikrq kmweI Aqy nOkrI krn dI KwhS ienHW dy idlW AMdrGr kr geI[ g`l kI vwpsI auprMq Gr phuMc ky ie`QoN dIAWKUBsUrq XwdW supinAW iv`c vI Awaux l`gIAW[ jIA locn l`gy ikkYnyfw jw ky rhIey[ AKIr ihMmq krky srdy-pujdy prvwrW iv`coNsyvw mukqI auprMq is`K &OjIAW ny kYnyfw v`l nUM cwly pw id`qy[

bcI gnwnI dI pusqk jo aunHW ny 1985 iv`c ilKI dy pMnw 6 'qydrz hY ik is`K pihlI vwr 1997 iv`c kYnyfw pDwry[ aunHW ieh vIiliKAw ik ieMglYNf ivKy ipRMs AYfvrf s`qvyN dI qwjpoSI dy Avsr'qy is`K Aqy pMjwbI &OjI hWgkWg qoN mMgvwey gey[ ienHW dy dsqy dwkmWfr muslmwn myjr sI, pr swry dsqwrDwrI sn[ ieh &OjIjpwn dy jhwz 'ieMprs' rwhIN 3 jUn 1902 nUM vwpsI smyN ivktorIAw(kYnyfw) phuMcy Aqy iPr ivktorIAw qoN vYnkUvr Awey[ vYnkUvr phuMcky ienHW ny pMgqIAW iv`c c`l ky Awpxy krqvW dw Swndwr pRdrSnkIqw[ vYnkUvr dy lok ienHW &OjIAW dI id`K Aqy pRyf qoN AiqAMqpRBwvq hoey[ Agly idn AKbwrW iv`c ieh surKIAW CpIAW:

“kmwl hY! dsqwr vwly &OjIAW dI….ijnHW ny AwpxI pRBwvSwlIpRdrSnI nwl lokW dw iDAwn Awpxy v`l iK`icAw Aqy Awm lokdsqwr DwrI &OjIAW nUM dyKx leI ie`kTy hoey”[

kYnyfw dy gvrnr jnrl imMto ny ienHW &OjIAW dI pRyf dwmuAwienw kIqw Aqy ieMglYNf dy bwdSwh ny vI ieh pRyf dyKI[ auprMqienHW &OjIAW dw ivSyS snmwn kIqw igAw[ kuJ idn vYnkUvr Tihrky ieh &OjI 8 sqMbr 1902 nUM vwps hWgkWg prq gey[

swbkw is`K &OjIAW dw kYnyfw phuMcxwimstr jYnsn dI Koj muqwbk kYnyfw iv`c sB qoN pihlW

swbkw syvw mukq is`K &OjI hI Awey[ aunHW dI puSwk kot pYNt Bwvp`CmI pihrwvy vwlI sI[ auh Awm kr ky nIlI jW kwlI dsqwrbMnHdy sn[ lgdw hY auh ienHW rMgW nUM Dwrimk AkIey dy AwDwr 'qyqrjIh idMdy hox jW brqwnvI qopKwny jW rswly dI vrdI iv`cdsqwr dw rMg kwlw hovy[ auh sB is`KI srUp dy DwrnI Aqy rihq-bihq iv`c p``ky sn[ hYrwnI vwlI g`l auh kMm dI pRwpqI wqr im`lmwlkW dy is`KI qoN Kwrz hox bwry kihx 'qy vI is`KI srUp nUM nhINsn iqAwgdy[ hW, kuJ is`KW iv`c Srwb pIx dI Awdq zrUr sI[

ry huMdl Anuswr pihlw is`K 1880 iv`c golfn ibRitS kolMbIAwivKy AwieAw[ iesy qrHW ims hIQr imltr ilKdI hY[

'During the later 1880's a number of Hindus moved in Co-lumbia to work in a newly developed CRT mill'

ArQwq 1880 dy AKIr iv`c ihMdU (is`KW nUM vI gory ihMdU hIilKdy sn) kolMbIAw ivKy nvIN sQwpq hoeI sI. Awr. tI. im`l iv`ckMm krn Awey[

nOrm ikMg vI ilKdw hY ik 1900 qoN pihlW kuJ is`K kYnyfwiv`c sn[ pr 1901 dI mrdm SumwrI iv`c iksy vI ihMdU, is`K jWpMjwbI dw nW drz nhIN hY[ sMn 1904 iv`c kwnUMnI qOr qy jo BwrqIlok kYnyfw Awey aunHW dI igxqI 45 sI[ (pUrn isMG, AMiqkw 1 tybl1)[ pr 1906 q`k igxqI 2556 q`k phuMc geI 1907-08 iv`c5079 ho geI sI)[

imstr jYnsn jon AY~m AwpxI pusqk jo aus ny 1988 iv`cilKI iv`c ilKdw hY, “muFly prvwsIAW iv`coN BweI inrml isMGTOlI dy ibAwn qoN spSt huMdw hY ik pihly Awaux vwly is`K ivdySWiv`c j`Qw bxw ky Awey[….myrw jnm qy pwlx-poSx ipMf TOlI(PgvwVw) lwgy hoieAw[ AsIN kYnyfw bwry Awpxy ipMf dy kuJ irSqydwrWqoN suixAw sI[ AsIN vI 1907 iv`c 11 AwdmIAW dw j`Qw bxw kykYnyfw nUM c`ly sW”[ pihlW pihl kYnyfw iv`c bhu igxqI jlMDr ,hiuSAwrpur, AMimRqsr , i&rozpur, luiDAwxw Awid ijilHAW iv`coN

(32) (33)

nUM Awly-duAwly GumwieAw-iPrwieAw qW ieh ie`QoN dy AdBu`q nzwrydyK ky bVy AnMdq hoey[ ie`QoN dI pRikrqk suMdrqw, pwxI dy AwbSwrW,au~cy au~cy ibRCW Aqy br& nwl l`dIAW phwVIAW, husIn vwdIAW,sw&-suQry vwqwvrn, vMn-suvMny lokW, au~cIAW mihl-mwVIAW AqygoirAW dIAW suMdr bgIcIAW nUM dyK ienHW dy mn mohy gey[ ie`Qy GxyjMgl Aqy v`fIAW v`fIAW l`kV dIAW im`lW dyK ky ienHW dy mnWAMdr kMm-kwj dy vsIilAW dw vI igAwn ho igAw[ AYsI suMdrjgHw 'qy ikrq kmweI Aqy nOkrI krn dI KwhS ienHW dy idlW AMdrGr kr geI[ g`l kI vwpsI auprMq Gr phuMc ky ie`QoN dIAWKUBsUrq XwdW supinAW iv`c vI Awaux l`gIAW[ jIA locn l`gy ikkYnyfw jw ky rhIey[ AKIr ihMmq krky srdy-pujdy prvwrW iv`coNsyvw mukqI auprMq is`K &OjIAW ny kYnyfw v`l nUM cwly pw id`qy[

bcI gnwnI dI pusqk jo aunHW ny 1985 iv`c ilKI dy pMnw 6 'qydrz hY ik is`K pihlI vwr 1997 iv`c kYnyfw pDwry[ aunHW ieh vIiliKAw ik ieMglYNf ivKy ipRMs AYfvrf s`qvyN dI qwjpoSI dy Avsr'qy is`K Aqy pMjwbI &OjI hWgkWg qoN mMgvwey gey[ ienHW dy dsqy dwkmWfr muslmwn myjr sI, pr swry dsqwrDwrI sn[ ieh &OjIjpwn dy jhwz 'ieMprs' rwhIN 3 jUn 1902 nUM vwpsI smyN ivktorIAw(kYnyfw) phuMcy Aqy iPr ivktorIAw qoN vYnkUvr Awey[ vYnkUvr phuMcky ienHW ny pMgqIAW iv`c c`l ky Awpxy krqvW dw Swndwr pRdrSnkIqw[ vYnkUvr dy lok ienHW &OjIAW dI id`K Aqy pRyf qoN AiqAMqpRBwvq hoey[ Agly idn AKbwrW iv`c ieh surKIAW CpIAW:

“kmwl hY! dsqwr vwly &OjIAW dI….ijnHW ny AwpxI pRBwvSwlIpRdrSnI nwl lokW dw iDAwn Awpxy v`l iK`icAw Aqy Awm lokdsqwr DwrI &OjIAW nUM dyKx leI ie`kTy hoey”[

kYnyfw dy gvrnr jnrl imMto ny ienHW &OjIAW dI pRyf dwmuAwienw kIqw Aqy ieMglYNf dy bwdSwh ny vI ieh pRyf dyKI[ auprMqienHW &OjIAW dw ivSyS snmwn kIqw igAw[ kuJ idn vYnkUvr Tihrky ieh &OjI 8 sqMbr 1902 nUM vwps hWgkWg prq gey[

swbkw is`K &OjIAW dw kYnyfw phuMcxwimstr jYnsn dI Koj muqwbk kYnyfw iv`c sB qoN pihlW

swbkw syvw mukq is`K &OjI hI Awey[ aunHW dI puSwk kot pYNt Bwvp`CmI pihrwvy vwlI sI[ auh Awm kr ky nIlI jW kwlI dsqwrbMnHdy sn[ lgdw hY auh ienHW rMgW nUM Dwrimk AkIey dy AwDwr 'qyqrjIh idMdy hox jW brqwnvI qopKwny jW rswly dI vrdI iv`cdsqwr dw rMg kwlw hovy[ auh sB is`KI srUp dy DwrnI Aqy rihq-bihq iv`c p``ky sn[ hYrwnI vwlI g`l auh kMm dI pRwpqI wqr im`lmwlkW dy is`KI qoN Kwrz hox bwry kihx 'qy vI is`KI srUp nUM nhINsn iqAwgdy[ hW, kuJ is`KW iv`c Srwb pIx dI Awdq zrUr sI[

ry huMdl Anuswr pihlw is`K 1880 iv`c golfn ibRitS kolMbIAwivKy AwieAw[ iesy qrHW ims hIQr imltr ilKdI hY[

'During the later 1880's a number of Hindus moved in Co-lumbia to work in a newly developed CRT mill'

ArQwq 1880 dy AKIr iv`c ihMdU (is`KW nUM vI gory ihMdU hIilKdy sn) kolMbIAw ivKy nvIN sQwpq hoeI sI. Awr. tI. im`l iv`ckMm krn Awey[

nOrm ikMg vI ilKdw hY ik 1900 qoN pihlW kuJ is`K kYnyfwiv`c sn[ pr 1901 dI mrdm SumwrI iv`c iksy vI ihMdU, is`K jWpMjwbI dw nW drz nhIN hY[ sMn 1904 iv`c kwnUMnI qOr qy jo BwrqIlok kYnyfw Awey aunHW dI igxqI 45 sI[ (pUrn isMG, AMiqkw 1 tybl1)[ pr 1906 q`k igxqI 2556 q`k phuMc geI 1907-08 iv`c5079 ho geI sI)[

imstr jYnsn jon AY~m AwpxI pusqk jo aus ny 1988 iv`cilKI iv`c ilKdw hY, “muFly prvwsIAW iv`coN BweI inrml isMGTOlI dy ibAwn qoN spSt huMdw hY ik pihly Awaux vwly is`K ivdySWiv`c j`Qw bxw ky Awey[….myrw jnm qy pwlx-poSx ipMf TOlI(PgvwVw) lwgy hoieAw[ AsIN kYnyfw bwry Awpxy ipMf dy kuJ irSqydwrWqoN suixAw sI[ AsIN vI 1907 iv`c 11 AwdmIAW dw j`Qw bxw kykYnyfw nUM c`ly sW”[ pihlW pihl kYnyfw iv`c bhu igxqI jlMDr ,hiuSAwrpur, AMimRqsr , i&rozpur, luiDAwxw Awid ijilHAW iv`coN

(32) (33)

sI[ kYnyfw iv`c mzdUrI krn leI klk`qy dy AKbwrW iv`c ieSiqhwrAksr Cpdy sn[ Awm krky kuJ &OjI hWgkWg qoN smuMdrI jhwzrwhIN pihlW dyKI jgHw vYnkUvr Aqy ivktorIAw phuMcy[ ienHWprvwsIAW iv`c 98 pRqISq is`K sn[

hWgkWg twpU kyvl 32 vrg mIl iv`c visAw hoieAw hY[AMgryzW ny cIinAW nUM pCwV ky ie`Qy &OjI A`fw sQwpq kr ilAwAqy ies nUM vpwrk kyNdr vI bxw id`qw[ ijvyN pihlW iliKAw jwcu`kw hY ik brqwnvI srkwr ny ie`Qy is`K &Oj r`KI hoeI sI qW ikcIn vwly isr nw cu`k skx[ hOlI hOLI ienHW is`K &OjIAW ny ie`QygurduAwrw swihb bxw ilAw[ ieh gurduAwrw swihb hWgkWg invwsIis`KW dI mwnisk sMquStI Aqy kYnyfw vgYrw dySW 'c jwx vwilAWleI Tihr dw kyNdr sI[ lMgr Aqy rihx leI gurduAwrw swihbivKy cMgw Aqy mu&q pRbMD sI[ ie`Qy Tihrn vwly is`K ies shUlq nUMAwpxI Kws prMprw smJdy hoey gurU dy BYA AMdr rih ky AnMdmwxdy sn[

srkwrI AMkiVAW Anuswr 1904 iv`c 45 is`KW dw ie`k j`QwvYnkUvr phuMicAw[ (SyKr AY~s cMdr, 1986)[ ies jQy ivc luiDAwxwijlHy dy ipMf mlk dy BweI Arjn isMG vI sn[ ieh sMq-srUphsqI hox kwrn qn dI Kurwk rozI rotI dI pRwpqI leI kYnyfw v`lAwpxI mwq BUmI qoN qW rvwnw hoey sn[ v`fI g`l ieh ik mn dIBu`K-pUrqI vwsqy ieh Awpxy nwl 1904 eIsvI nUM kYnyfw dI DrqI'qy sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw pwvn srUp vI SrDw sihq nwlilAwey[ BwvyN gurU Gr qW vYnkUvr ivKy koeI nhIN sI pr rihx vwlyGrW AMdr hI Cu`tI vwly idn v`K v`K GrW AMdr sRI gurU gRMQ swihbjI dw prkwS kIqw jWdw sI Aqy siqsMg auprMq is`K ie`k dUjy nUMiml lYNdy sn, sm`isAwvW sWJIAW krdy sn Aqy gurduAwrw swihbdI sQwpnw leI ivcwr vtWdrw vI krdy sn[ iesy hI ivcwr-vtWdry ip`CoN 1906 iv`c wlsw dIvwn nW dI j`QybMdI hoNd iv`c AweIAqy gurduAwrw swihb dI sQwpnw leI ies j`QybMdI ny gurmqwkIqw[

kYnyfw phuMcy is`KW dIAW sm`isAwvWpihlI mu`K Aqy v`fI sm`isAw bolI dI sI[ ie`Qy Awaux vwly

is`KW nUM AMgryzI BwSw dw bhuqw igAwn nhIN sI[ bolI nw jwxn AqysmJx kwrn mwno jIvn AMDyry dI inAweIN, AigAwnqw vwlw AqyAiq AOKw lgdw sI[ dUjI sm`isAw Kwxy dI sI[ ie`QoN dy Kwxy dwxyvKry hox krky pyt pUrqI cMgI qrHW nhIN sI huMdI jykr pyt hI nhINBirAw qW kMm ikvyN kirAw jWdw? qIjI g`l mOsm bVw TMFw,AsiQr Aqy rog PYlwaux vwlw sI[ rihx leI vI ie`k qW mkwnku`lIAW dI inAweIN jW GoiVAW dIAW bwrnW (qbyly) sn Aqy gorylok pMjwbIAW nUM mkwn ikrwey 'qy dyx leI iqAwr nhIN sn[ cOQIsm`isAw nOkrI dI pRwpqI Aqy G`t auzrqW dI sI[ pMjvIN nslvwddw kwrn sI[ gory lok hr g`loN ienHW dw ivroD krdy sn, ienHW dyrihx-sihx 'qy ivAMg ksdy sn Aqy mIfIAw vI is`KW dy aultsI[ CyvW, jykr is`K iksy cMgy pVHy ilKy bMdy nUM Awpxy msilAW dyh`l leI kYnyfw bulwaux dI koiSS krdy sn qW iemIgRySn ivBwgies dI ivroDqw krdw sI[ s`qvW, s`q smuMdroN pwr bYiTAW nUM Grdw moh, bIvI b`icAW dw moh Aqy vqn dw moh vI sqw irhw sI[Bwv bzurgW ny kmweI dI ^wqr bhuq muSklW J`lIAW Aqy AwauxvwlIAW puSqW leI kYnyfw iv`c itkx leI rwh p`Drw kIqw[

goirAW v`loN is`KW nUM kYnyfw 'c dwKl hox ivru`DkwnUMn GVny Aqy j`QybMd hoxw

1906 dI grmI ru`q iv`c sYNkVy nvyN is`K vYnkUvr v`l pDwrnkwrn ie`QoN dy myAr ny kYnyfIAn pYsyiPk rylvy kMpnI nUM hukm kIqwik ienHW nUM jhwz iv`c hI rok ilAw jwvy[ iehnW nUM auqnw icrAMdr Awaux dI iezwzq nw id`qI jwvy ijqnw icr ieh ilK ky nhINidMdy ik AsIN Sihr dI kONsl leI koeI muSikl nhIN pYdw krWgy[BwvyN ibRitS kolMbIAw dI sUbw srkwr ny 1900 iv`c hI eySIAnW dydwKly ivru`D kwnUMn pws kr id`qw sI pr 1901 iv`c kYnyfw dygvrnr jnrl imMto ny ies nUM r`d kr id`qw sI[ ies auprMq vI

(34) (35)

sI[ kYnyfw iv`c mzdUrI krn leI klk`qy dy AKbwrW iv`c ieSiqhwrAksr Cpdy sn[ Awm krky kuJ &OjI hWgkWg qoN smuMdrI jhwzrwhIN pihlW dyKI jgHw vYnkUvr Aqy ivktorIAw phuMcy[ ienHWprvwsIAW iv`c 98 pRqISq is`K sn[

hWgkWg twpU kyvl 32 vrg mIl iv`c visAw hoieAw hY[AMgryzW ny cIinAW nUM pCwV ky ie`Qy &OjI A`fw sQwpq kr ilAwAqy ies nUM vpwrk kyNdr vI bxw id`qw[ ijvyN pihlW iliKAw jwcu`kw hY ik brqwnvI srkwr ny ie`Qy is`K &Oj r`KI hoeI sI qW ikcIn vwly isr nw cu`k skx[ hOlI hOLI ienHW is`K &OjIAW ny ie`QygurduAwrw swihb bxw ilAw[ ieh gurduAwrw swihb hWgkWg invwsIis`KW dI mwnisk sMquStI Aqy kYnyfw vgYrw dySW 'c jwx vwilAWleI Tihr dw kyNdr sI[ lMgr Aqy rihx leI gurduAwrw swihbivKy cMgw Aqy mu&q pRbMD sI[ ie`Qy Tihrn vwly is`K ies shUlq nUMAwpxI Kws prMprw smJdy hoey gurU dy BYA AMdr rih ky AnMdmwxdy sn[

srkwrI AMkiVAW Anuswr 1904 iv`c 45 is`KW dw ie`k j`QwvYnkUvr phuMicAw[ (SyKr AY~s cMdr, 1986)[ ies jQy ivc luiDAwxwijlHy dy ipMf mlk dy BweI Arjn isMG vI sn[ ieh sMq-srUphsqI hox kwrn qn dI Kurwk rozI rotI dI pRwpqI leI kYnyfw v`lAwpxI mwq BUmI qoN qW rvwnw hoey sn[ v`fI g`l ieh ik mn dIBu`K-pUrqI vwsqy ieh Awpxy nwl 1904 eIsvI nUM kYnyfw dI DrqI'qy sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw pwvn srUp vI SrDw sihq nwlilAwey[ BwvyN gurU Gr qW vYnkUvr ivKy koeI nhIN sI pr rihx vwlyGrW AMdr hI Cu`tI vwly idn v`K v`K GrW AMdr sRI gurU gRMQ swihbjI dw prkwS kIqw jWdw sI Aqy siqsMg auprMq is`K ie`k dUjy nUMiml lYNdy sn, sm`isAwvW sWJIAW krdy sn Aqy gurduAwrw swihbdI sQwpnw leI ivcwr vtWdrw vI krdy sn[ iesy hI ivcwr-vtWdry ip`CoN 1906 iv`c wlsw dIvwn nW dI j`QybMdI hoNd iv`c AweIAqy gurduAwrw swihb dI sQwpnw leI ies j`QybMdI ny gurmqwkIqw[

kYnyfw phuMcy is`KW dIAW sm`isAwvWpihlI mu`K Aqy v`fI sm`isAw bolI dI sI[ ie`Qy Awaux vwly

is`KW nUM AMgryzI BwSw dw bhuqw igAwn nhIN sI[ bolI nw jwxn AqysmJx kwrn mwno jIvn AMDyry dI inAweIN, AigAwnqw vwlw AqyAiq AOKw lgdw sI[ dUjI sm`isAw Kwxy dI sI[ ie`QoN dy Kwxy dwxyvKry hox krky pyt pUrqI cMgI qrHW nhIN sI huMdI jykr pyt hI nhINBirAw qW kMm ikvyN kirAw jWdw? qIjI g`l mOsm bVw TMFw,AsiQr Aqy rog PYlwaux vwlw sI[ rihx leI vI ie`k qW mkwnku`lIAW dI inAweIN jW GoiVAW dIAW bwrnW (qbyly) sn Aqy gorylok pMjwbIAW nUM mkwn ikrwey 'qy dyx leI iqAwr nhIN sn[ cOQIsm`isAw nOkrI dI pRwpqI Aqy G`t auzrqW dI sI[ pMjvIN nslvwddw kwrn sI[ gory lok hr g`loN ienHW dw ivroD krdy sn, ienHW dyrihx-sihx 'qy ivAMg ksdy sn Aqy mIfIAw vI is`KW dy aultsI[ CyvW, jykr is`K iksy cMgy pVHy ilKy bMdy nUM Awpxy msilAW dyh`l leI kYnyfw bulwaux dI koiSS krdy sn qW iemIgRySn ivBwgies dI ivroDqw krdw sI[ s`qvW, s`q smuMdroN pwr bYiTAW nUM Grdw moh, bIvI b`icAW dw moh Aqy vqn dw moh vI sqw irhw sI[Bwv bzurgW ny kmweI dI ^wqr bhuq muSklW J`lIAW Aqy AwauxvwlIAW puSqW leI kYnyfw iv`c itkx leI rwh p`Drw kIqw[

goirAW v`loN is`KW nUM kYnyfw 'c dwKl hox ivru`DkwnUMn GVny Aqy j`QybMd hoxw

1906 dI grmI ru`q iv`c sYNkVy nvyN is`K vYnkUvr v`l pDwrnkwrn ie`QoN dy myAr ny kYnyfIAn pYsyiPk rylvy kMpnI nUM hukm kIqwik ienHW nUM jhwz iv`c hI rok ilAw jwvy[ iehnW nUM auqnw icrAMdr Awaux dI iezwzq nw id`qI jwvy ijqnw icr ieh ilK ky nhINidMdy ik AsIN Sihr dI kONsl leI koeI muSikl nhIN pYdw krWgy[BwvyN ibRitS kolMbIAw dI sUbw srkwr ny 1900 iv`c hI eySIAnW dydwKly ivru`D kwnUMn pws kr id`qw sI pr 1901 iv`c kYnyfw dygvrnr jnrl imMto ny ies nUM r`d kr id`qw sI[ ies auprMq vI

(34) (35)

AwauNdy swlW iv`c Aijhy kwnUMn ilAWdy gey pr kyNdr srkwr v`loNprvwngI nw imlI[

gory lokW v`loN 18 AkqUbr 1906 iv`c vYnkUvr dy twaUn hwliv`c rok sMbMDI ivSyS sBw bulweI geI ies iv`c mu`K bulwirAW nyis`KW ivru`D Awpxy mn dI BVws ieM\ k`FI, “ieh lok gMdy hn,ienHW nUM A`KW dI ^qrnwk ibmwrI hY, ieh s&weI dy inXmW qoNiblkul kory hn, ienHW dy Awaux nwl swfy lokW dw kwrobwr AqyAwmdn Gt jwvygI, ibRitS kolMbIAw dw mOsm ienHW dy kMm krnXog nhIN hY Awid (KuSvMq isMG, 1966)[

1907 iv`c hI kYnyfw dI bI. sI. srkwr ny nslI ivqkrykwrn eySIAw mUl dy lokW qoN vot pwaux dw h`k Koh ilAw sI[Aijhw hI kwnUMn brqwnvI srkwr ny d`KxI A&rIkw iv`c lwgUkIqw sI, ij`Qy BwrqIAW nUM vot pwaux dw AiDkwr nhIN sI[

srdwr KuSvMq isMG ny AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 6-7 'qy iliKAwhY ik kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqrI lorIAr ny vI ieh pRcwr kIqw ik bI.sI. dw mOsm BwrqIAW leI TIk nhIN hY[ aus ny gvrnr jnrlimMto nUM iliKAw ik kYnyfw dy lok cIinAW qy jpwnIAW dy mukwblypMjwbIAW nUM G`t psMd krdy hn[

iesy smyN dOrwn 12 Agsq 1907 nUM ie`k nvIN j`QybMdI hoNdiv`c AweI ijs dw nW sI 'eysIeytk AYksilaUzn lIg'[ iesnslI ivqkry vwlI lihr ny AwriQk mMdvwVy dw rOlw pw ky gorylokW nUM eySIAweIAW dy ivroD 'c auCwilAw[ XU. AY~s. ey. dy bYilMghmielwky iv`c is`K kwimAW nUM D`ky mwrky im`l 'coN bwhr k`iFAw[sqMbr 1907 iv`c goirAW dI mufIhr ny cIinAW Aqy jpwnIAW 'qyhmly kIqy[ cIny qW cu`p rhy pr jpwnIAW ny mukwbly iv`c kuJ goryP`tV kr id`qy[

kYnyfw dI kyNdrI srkwr ny BwrqI lokW dI iemIgRySn rokxleI 8 jnvrI 1908 nUM s&r sMbMDI kwnUMn GV id`qw[ ies kwnUMn(pI. sI. 27) qihq Srq lweI geI ik auh BwrqI hI kYnyfw iv`cdw^l ho skdw hY jo kwnUMn dy AYkt 26 Aqy 30 dIAW SrqW pUrIAWkrdw hovy[ ieh SrqW sn ik ijhVw ivAkqI Awpxy jnm AsQwn

vwly dyS qoN is`DI itkt KRId ky Aqy is`Dy jw AwKMf smuMdrI s&rrwhIN nhIN AwauNdw auh kYnyfw auqrn qoN roikAw jw skdw hY[ iehSrqW kYnyfw srkwr ny cIn, jpwn Aqy Bwrq dIAW srkwrW nUM Byjid`qIAW[ ieM\ 1908-1909 iv`c kyvl 25 is`K hI ibRitS kolMbIAwdwKl hoey[ ieh ivAkqI vI auh sn, jo pihlW kYnyfw rih cu`ky snAqy gurUAW dI DrqI 'qy vs rhy Awpxy prvwrW, BYxW, vIrW,irSqydwrW Aqy Xwr bylIAW nUM imlx gey sn[

kYnyfw dI srkwr ny ieh jwxn leI ik pMjwb dy ieh lokkYnyfw phuMcx dI ieqnI iK`c ikauN krdy hn? ienHW ie`k rOAwielkimSn sMgTn kIqw[ kuJ smW ip`CoN ies kmytI ny ijs iv`c kYnyfwdw lybr minstr fblXU. AY~l. mkYNjI ikMg vI ie`k mYNbr vjoNSwml sI, ny AwpxI pVqwlIAw irport ies qrHW id`qI:

1. pMjwb dy lokW AMdr Awpxy auj`l-Biv`K dI soc hY[ ie`QoN dyikswn kYnyfw Awaux leI AwpxIAW zmInW gihxy r`K rhyhn[

2. jhwz dIAW kMpnIAW Awpxy lwB ih`q kYnyfw bwry ienHW nUMauqSwihq kr rhIAW hn Aqy auj`l Biv`K bwry ieSiqhwrk`FdIAW hn[

3. kYnyfw iv`c rih rhy pMjwbI Awpxy im`qrW qy irSqydwrW nUMic`TIAW duAwrw h`lw-SyrI idMdy hn[

lybr minstr ny eySIAn lokW dI iemIgRySn sMbMDI kYnyfw srkwr nUMid`qI irport ieM\ sI:

'ieh swfw h`k hY ik AsIN eySIAw qoN Awaux vwly prvwsIAW'qy rok lgvweIey qW jo isr& ic`tI cmVI vwly lok hI kYnyfw iv`cAw ky vsx[ ies qrHW dy kdm cu`kxy smwijk, AwriQk, rwjnIqkAqy kOmIAq dy Bly leI bhuq zrUrI hn[

kYnyfw srkwr ny AMdrKwqy is`KW nUM bI. sI. coN k`Fx leI ie`khor iGnwauxI swjS rcI[ auh ieh sI ik is`KW nUM hWfUrs ivKyDkyl id`qw jwvy[ srkwrI eyjMt hwpiknsn ny kuJ is`KW nUM iesKwqr sihmq vI kr ilAw sI[ srdwr jsvMq isMG ny AwpxI

(36) (37)

AwauNdy swlW iv`c Aijhy kwnUMn ilAWdy gey pr kyNdr srkwr v`loNprvwngI nw imlI[

gory lokW v`loN 18 AkqUbr 1906 iv`c vYnkUvr dy twaUn hwliv`c rok sMbMDI ivSyS sBw bulweI geI ies iv`c mu`K bulwirAW nyis`KW ivru`D Awpxy mn dI BVws ieM\ k`FI, “ieh lok gMdy hn,ienHW nUM A`KW dI ^qrnwk ibmwrI hY, ieh s&weI dy inXmW qoNiblkul kory hn, ienHW dy Awaux nwl swfy lokW dw kwrobwr AqyAwmdn Gt jwvygI, ibRitS kolMbIAw dw mOsm ienHW dy kMm krnXog nhIN hY Awid (KuSvMq isMG, 1966)[

1907 iv`c hI kYnyfw dI bI. sI. srkwr ny nslI ivqkrykwrn eySIAw mUl dy lokW qoN vot pwaux dw h`k Koh ilAw sI[Aijhw hI kwnUMn brqwnvI srkwr ny d`KxI A&rIkw iv`c lwgUkIqw sI, ij`Qy BwrqIAW nUM vot pwaux dw AiDkwr nhIN sI[

srdwr KuSvMq isMG ny AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 6-7 'qy iliKAwhY ik kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqrI lorIAr ny vI ieh pRcwr kIqw ik bI.sI. dw mOsm BwrqIAW leI TIk nhIN hY[ aus ny gvrnr jnrlimMto nUM iliKAw ik kYnyfw dy lok cIinAW qy jpwnIAW dy mukwblypMjwbIAW nUM G`t psMd krdy hn[

iesy smyN dOrwn 12 Agsq 1907 nUM ie`k nvIN j`QybMdI hoNdiv`c AweI ijs dw nW sI 'eysIeytk AYksilaUzn lIg'[ iesnslI ivqkry vwlI lihr ny AwriQk mMdvwVy dw rOlw pw ky gorylokW nUM eySIAweIAW dy ivroD 'c auCwilAw[ XU. AY~s. ey. dy bYilMghmielwky iv`c is`K kwimAW nUM D`ky mwrky im`l 'coN bwhr k`iFAw[sqMbr 1907 iv`c goirAW dI mufIhr ny cIinAW Aqy jpwnIAW 'qyhmly kIqy[ cIny qW cu`p rhy pr jpwnIAW ny mukwbly iv`c kuJ goryP`tV kr id`qy[

kYnyfw dI kyNdrI srkwr ny BwrqI lokW dI iemIgRySn rokxleI 8 jnvrI 1908 nUM s&r sMbMDI kwnUMn GV id`qw[ ies kwnUMn(pI. sI. 27) qihq Srq lweI geI ik auh BwrqI hI kYnyfw iv`cdw^l ho skdw hY jo kwnUMn dy AYkt 26 Aqy 30 dIAW SrqW pUrIAWkrdw hovy[ ieh SrqW sn ik ijhVw ivAkqI Awpxy jnm AsQwn

vwly dyS qoN is`DI itkt KRId ky Aqy is`Dy jw AwKMf smuMdrI s&rrwhIN nhIN AwauNdw auh kYnyfw auqrn qoN roikAw jw skdw hY[ iehSrqW kYnyfw srkwr ny cIn, jpwn Aqy Bwrq dIAW srkwrW nUM Byjid`qIAW[ ieM\ 1908-1909 iv`c kyvl 25 is`K hI ibRitS kolMbIAwdwKl hoey[ ieh ivAkqI vI auh sn, jo pihlW kYnyfw rih cu`ky snAqy gurUAW dI DrqI 'qy vs rhy Awpxy prvwrW, BYxW, vIrW,irSqydwrW Aqy Xwr bylIAW nUM imlx gey sn[

kYnyfw dI srkwr ny ieh jwxn leI ik pMjwb dy ieh lokkYnyfw phuMcx dI ieqnI iK`c ikauN krdy hn? ienHW ie`k rOAwielkimSn sMgTn kIqw[ kuJ smW ip`CoN ies kmytI ny ijs iv`c kYnyfwdw lybr minstr fblXU. AY~l. mkYNjI ikMg vI ie`k mYNbr vjoNSwml sI, ny AwpxI pVqwlIAw irport ies qrHW id`qI:

1. pMjwb dy lokW AMdr Awpxy auj`l-Biv`K dI soc hY[ ie`QoN dyikswn kYnyfw Awaux leI AwpxIAW zmInW gihxy r`K rhyhn[

2. jhwz dIAW kMpnIAW Awpxy lwB ih`q kYnyfw bwry ienHW nUMauqSwihq kr rhIAW hn Aqy auj`l Biv`K bwry ieSiqhwrk`FdIAW hn[

3. kYnyfw iv`c rih rhy pMjwbI Awpxy im`qrW qy irSqydwrW nUMic`TIAW duAwrw h`lw-SyrI idMdy hn[

lybr minstr ny eySIAn lokW dI iemIgRySn sMbMDI kYnyfw srkwr nUMid`qI irport ieM\ sI:

'ieh swfw h`k hY ik AsIN eySIAw qoN Awaux vwly prvwsIAW'qy rok lgvweIey qW jo isr& ic`tI cmVI vwly lok hI kYnyfw iv`cAw ky vsx[ ies qrHW dy kdm cu`kxy smwijk, AwriQk, rwjnIqkAqy kOmIAq dy Bly leI bhuq zrUrI hn[

kYnyfw srkwr ny AMdrKwqy is`KW nUM bI. sI. coN k`Fx leI ie`khor iGnwauxI swjS rcI[ auh ieh sI ik is`KW nUM hWfUrs ivKyDkyl id`qw jwvy[ srkwrI eyjMt hwpiknsn ny kuJ is`KW nUM iesKwqr sihmq vI kr ilAw sI[ srdwr jsvMq isMG ny AwpxI

(36) (37)

pusqk jo 1983 iv`c CpvweI iv`c iliKAw hY ik hWfUrs dy hwlwqWbwry jwxn leI BweI Swm isMG Aqy BweI nwjr isMG srkwr dyAiDkwrI hwrikn Aqy hwpiksn nwl 25 AkqUbr 1908 nUM au~QyphuMcy[

cMgy BwgW kwrn pRo&Ysr (sMq) qyjw isMG dwvYnkUvr phuMcxw

is`K BweIcwry dw ieh suBwg sI ik pRo&Ysr qyjw isMG 11nvMbr 1908 nUM vYnkUvr Aw gey[ kudrqI ryl g`fI dy s&r smyNaunHW nUM ie`k cMgI soc vwlw gorw imilAw ijs nUM srkwr v`loN is`KWnUM hWfUrs Byjx dI cwl bwry igAwn sI[ g`lbwq smyN aus Bly goryny pRo&Ysr swihb nUM d`isAw, hWfUrs dw mOsm rihx Aqy kMm-kwrleI iblkul Xog nhIN hY[ aus ny mwno bynqI sihq ikhw ik quhwfyvrgy purS dyS vwsIAW nUM AijhI BYVI cwl qoN bcw skdy hn[

jdoN BweI Swm isMG Aqy BweI nwjr isMG hWfUrs qoN vwpsphuMcy qW pRo&Ysr qyjw isMG ny ienHW nwl g`lbwq kIqI Aqy sB hwlqWqoN jwxU hoey[ dohW numwieMidAW ny d`isAw ik BwvyN swnUM hwpiknsn nyhWfUrs twpU iv`c rihx bwry bVw pRBwivq kIqw pr AsIN sihmqnhIN hoey[ nwjr isMG ny ieh vI disAw ik AisDy FMg nwl hwpiknsnny swnUM 3000 fwlr irSvq dyx dw vI lwlc id`qw sI[ aunHW ny iehvI d`isAw ik jdoN AsIN bYg KolH ky dyiKAw qW aus iv`c 3000 fwlrdy v`fy v`fy not sn[ swnUM ieh bYg pkVwaux dw mu`K mksd swnUMlwlc b`s krky KRIdxw mihsUs hoieAw[ pr AsIN ieh bYg ibnWdyrI vwps kr id`qw[ BwvyN hg jOhnsn ny ies irSvq dyx bwrynhIN mMinAw Aqy ieh kih ky r`d kr id`qw ik ies sMbMDI koeIilKqI sbUq mOjUd nhIN[ pr ieh aus dy ivcwr TIk nhIN lgdyikauNik irSvq dyx dw kMm kdy vI ilKqI rUp 'c nhIN huMdw[ pRo&Ysrqyjw isMG ny 23 nvMbr 1908 nUM A^bwr nvIsW nwl g`lbwqkridAW ieh ibAwn id`qw ik hwrikn Aqy hwpiknsn ny swfy donmwieMidAW nUM irSvq dy ky Awpxy mnmrzI dy ibAwn idvwaux dwXqn kIqw[

pRo&Ysr qyjw isMG iv`dvqw, dUr-AMdySI Aqy s`cI-su`cI soc dymwilk hox krky vYnkUvr ivKy Awpxy hmvqnIAW Aqy BweIcwry dIXog AgvweI kr rhy sn[ is`KW nUM srkwr v`loN hWfUrs Byjx dwivroD krn kwrx hwpiknsn Aqy A^bwrW vwly ienHW nUM bdnwmkrn l`g pey[ fwaUn twaUn ivKy ie`k idn puils ny aunHW nUM tRYiPkinXmW dI aulMGxw dw bhwnw bxw ky igRPqwr kr ilAw[ pr is`KWny sMq jI nUM JUTw doS lgw ky aunHW nUM ihrwsq iv`c lYx dw ivroDkIqw Aqy jdoN is`KW ny BwrI ros pRgt kIqw qW C`f id`qw[ sMq qyjwisMG ny pMjwb qoN AY~m. ey. AY~l, AY~l. bI. kIqI sI[ lMfn ivKykYNbirj XUnIvristI iv`c pihly is`K ividAwrQI sn[ iPr AmrIkwivKy hwrvrf XUnIvristI iv`c Aw gey[ AMgryzW nUM ieh cMgwpiVHAw hoieAw bMdw kMfy vWg cuBdw sI[

^wlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loN hWfUrs nw jwx bwrymqw pws krnw

hWfUrs AMfymwn vWg ie`k twpU hY ij`Qy jurmI lokW nUM ByijAwjWdw sI[ jy. bI. hwrikn Anuswr ie`QoN dI KwD Kurwk Aqy hwlqmnuKqw leI bhuq mwVI hY[ ies bwry hwpiknsn nwl hWfUrs geydUjy mYNbr ny 1908 iv`c AwpxI ie`k rIport iv`c drz kIqw hoieAwhY[ sMq qyjw isMG nwl slwh-mSvrw krky ^wlsw dIvwn suswietIny 22 nvMbr 1908 nUM hyT iliKAw mqw pws kIqw:

“BweI nwjr isMG Aqy BweI Swm isMG (donW) ny hWfUrs bwrypVqwl swnUM pyS kIqI hY[ ies pVqwl nUM mu`K r`KidAW srb sMmqInwl &Yslw kIqw jWdw hY ik koeI vI BwrqI hWfUrs nhIN jwvygw[”

is`K &OjIAW v`loN vrdIAW Aqy mYfl swVnyis`KW ny ieh dyK ky ik gory ikvyN swfy v`l tyFI nzr nwl dyK

rhy hn[ koeI A&sr ieh kih irhw hY ik ienHW dw jIvn GtIAwhY, koeI kihMdw hY ieh ibmwrI KwDy hn, koeI kihMdw hY ik kMm 'cgoirAW dw mukwblw nhIN kr skdy ikauNik ieh kmzor hn, koeIkihMdw hY kYnyfw dw mOsm ienHW dy kMm krn Xog nhIN hY, ijs kwrn

(38) (39)

pusqk jo 1983 iv`c CpvweI iv`c iliKAw hY ik hWfUrs dy hwlwqWbwry jwxn leI BweI Swm isMG Aqy BweI nwjr isMG srkwr dyAiDkwrI hwrikn Aqy hwpiksn nwl 25 AkqUbr 1908 nUM au~QyphuMcy[

cMgy BwgW kwrn pRo&Ysr (sMq) qyjw isMG dwvYnkUvr phuMcxw

is`K BweIcwry dw ieh suBwg sI ik pRo&Ysr qyjw isMG 11nvMbr 1908 nUM vYnkUvr Aw gey[ kudrqI ryl g`fI dy s&r smyNaunHW nUM ie`k cMgI soc vwlw gorw imilAw ijs nUM srkwr v`loN is`KWnUM hWfUrs Byjx dI cwl bwry igAwn sI[ g`lbwq smyN aus Bly goryny pRo&Ysr swihb nUM d`isAw, hWfUrs dw mOsm rihx Aqy kMm-kwrleI iblkul Xog nhIN hY[ aus ny mwno bynqI sihq ikhw ik quhwfyvrgy purS dyS vwsIAW nUM AijhI BYVI cwl qoN bcw skdy hn[

jdoN BweI Swm isMG Aqy BweI nwjr isMG hWfUrs qoN vwpsphuMcy qW pRo&Ysr qyjw isMG ny ienHW nwl g`lbwq kIqI Aqy sB hwlqWqoN jwxU hoey[ dohW numwieMidAW ny d`isAw ik BwvyN swnUM hwpiknsn nyhWfUrs twpU iv`c rihx bwry bVw pRBwivq kIqw pr AsIN sihmqnhIN hoey[ nwjr isMG ny ieh vI disAw ik AisDy FMg nwl hwpiknsnny swnUM 3000 fwlr irSvq dyx dw vI lwlc id`qw sI[ aunHW ny iehvI d`isAw ik jdoN AsIN bYg KolH ky dyiKAw qW aus iv`c 3000 fwlrdy v`fy v`fy not sn[ swnUM ieh bYg pkVwaux dw mu`K mksd swnUMlwlc b`s krky KRIdxw mihsUs hoieAw[ pr AsIN ieh bYg ibnWdyrI vwps kr id`qw[ BwvyN hg jOhnsn ny ies irSvq dyx bwrynhIN mMinAw Aqy ieh kih ky r`d kr id`qw ik ies sMbMDI koeIilKqI sbUq mOjUd nhIN[ pr ieh aus dy ivcwr TIk nhIN lgdyikauNik irSvq dyx dw kMm kdy vI ilKqI rUp 'c nhIN huMdw[ pRo&Ysrqyjw isMG ny 23 nvMbr 1908 nUM A^bwr nvIsW nwl g`lbwqkridAW ieh ibAwn id`qw ik hwrikn Aqy hwpiknsn ny swfy donmwieMidAW nUM irSvq dy ky Awpxy mnmrzI dy ibAwn idvwaux dwXqn kIqw[

pRo&Ysr qyjw isMG iv`dvqw, dUr-AMdySI Aqy s`cI-su`cI soc dymwilk hox krky vYnkUvr ivKy Awpxy hmvqnIAW Aqy BweIcwry dIXog AgvweI kr rhy sn[ is`KW nUM srkwr v`loN hWfUrs Byjx dwivroD krn kwrx hwpiknsn Aqy A^bwrW vwly ienHW nUM bdnwmkrn l`g pey[ fwaUn twaUn ivKy ie`k idn puils ny aunHW nUM tRYiPkinXmW dI aulMGxw dw bhwnw bxw ky igRPqwr kr ilAw[ pr is`KWny sMq jI nUM JUTw doS lgw ky aunHW nUM ihrwsq iv`c lYx dw ivroDkIqw Aqy jdoN is`KW ny BwrI ros pRgt kIqw qW C`f id`qw[ sMq qyjwisMG ny pMjwb qoN AY~m. ey. AY~l, AY~l. bI. kIqI sI[ lMfn ivKykYNbirj XUnIvristI iv`c pihly is`K ividAwrQI sn[ iPr AmrIkwivKy hwrvrf XUnIvristI iv`c Aw gey[ AMgryzW nUM ieh cMgwpiVHAw hoieAw bMdw kMfy vWg cuBdw sI[

^wlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loN hWfUrs nw jwx bwrymqw pws krnw

hWfUrs AMfymwn vWg ie`k twpU hY ij`Qy jurmI lokW nUM ByijAwjWdw sI[ jy. bI. hwrikn Anuswr ie`QoN dI KwD Kurwk Aqy hwlqmnuKqw leI bhuq mwVI hY[ ies bwry hwpiknsn nwl hWfUrs geydUjy mYNbr ny 1908 iv`c AwpxI ie`k rIport iv`c drz kIqw hoieAwhY[ sMq qyjw isMG nwl slwh-mSvrw krky ^wlsw dIvwn suswietIny 22 nvMbr 1908 nUM hyT iliKAw mqw pws kIqw:

“BweI nwjr isMG Aqy BweI Swm isMG (donW) ny hWfUrs bwrypVqwl swnUM pyS kIqI hY[ ies pVqwl nUM mu`K r`KidAW srb sMmqInwl &Yslw kIqw jWdw hY ik koeI vI BwrqI hWfUrs nhIN jwvygw[”

is`K &OjIAW v`loN vrdIAW Aqy mYfl swVnyis`KW ny ieh dyK ky ik gory ikvyN swfy v`l tyFI nzr nwl dyK

rhy hn[ koeI A&sr ieh kih irhw hY ik ienHW dw jIvn GtIAwhY, koeI kihMdw hY ieh ibmwrI KwDy hn, koeI kihMdw hY ik kMm 'cgoirAW dw mukwblw nhIN kr skdy ikauNik ieh kmzor hn, koeIkihMdw hY kYnyfw dw mOsm ienHW dy kMm krn Xog nhIN hY, ijs kwrn

(38) (39)

is`KW nUM nOkrI leI bhuq gory juAwb dy rhy hn[ieiqhwsk q`QWmuqwbk 3 AkqUbr 1909 nUM Swm vkq kuJ is`K vYnkUvr dy gurduAwrwswihb dy mYdwn iv`c TMF kwrn l`kVW bwl ky DUxI syk rhy sn[srdwr n`Qw isMG jo ik brqwnIAW BwrqI &Oj dw ie`k mhwn XoDwsI ny ies iek`T iv`c ie`k ivSyS mqw r`iKAw ijs dy Sbd sn:

'swfIAW vrdIAW Aqy mYfl ieh is`D kr rhy hn ik AsINbrqwnIAW dI wqr jMgW iv`c Awpxy mulk dy bMidAW ivru`D Aqy horeySIAn kOmW dy ivru`D lVy[ pr A`j ieh vrdIAW Aqy mYfl swnUMgulwmI dw icnH idKweI dy rhy hn'[

3 AkqUbr 1909 nUM roh iv`c Aw ky byiensw&I ivru`D keI&OjIAW ny AwpxIAW &Oj dIAW vrdIAW Aqy mYfl jo bVy sWB kyicr qoN r`Ky hoey sn, bl rhI A`g iv`c swV id`qy sn[

ihMdusqwnI lokW dw kYnyfw Awauxw bMd krn leIiemIgRySn AYkt

ijauN hI kYnyfw srkwr ny dyiKAw ik aus vloN GVI gupq swijSijs ADIn isKW nUM hWfUrs Byjxw sI PylH ho geI hY qW bdly dI Bwvnwqihq socxw SurU kr idqw[ ies Bwvnw dy mdy nzr BwrqI lokW dwAwauxw bMd krn leI srkwr ny 9 meI 1910 nUM pRIvI kONsl AwrfrnMbr 920 pwrlImYNt ivc ilAWdw ijs Anuswr :

“iemIgRySn AYkt IV Aqy AYfvrf VII muqwbk iksy vIAwvwsI dw kYnyfw dwKl hoxw bMd kIqw jWdw hY, jykr auh Awpxyvqn qoN is`DI itkt KRId ky auprMq Atu`t smuMdrI Xwqrw rwhIN nhINAwauNdw”[

pRIvI kOsl dy Awrfr nMbr 926 ADIn ie`k hor ivSyS kwnUMnbxwieAw igAw, ijs dy Sbd sn:

“eySIAw dy mUl dw koeI AwdmI kYnyfw dwKl nhIN ho skdw,jykr aus pws 200 fwlr nhIN hoxgy[ pRIvI kONsl dy Awrfr nMbr924 Anuswr koeI vI ivdySI Awpxy prvwr smyq kYnyfw AMdr dwKlho skdw hY, jy aus pws pYsy hn[ nwl hI iemIgRySn A&srW nUMhwlwqW Anuswr PYslw lYx jW Cot dyx dw pUrn AiDkwr hY[ hYrwn

krn vwlI g`l hY ik ies kwnUMn dy SbdW iv`c ie`k Kws pMkqI ilKIhoeI sI, 'auprokq kwnUMn eySIAn mUl dy lokW aupr lwgU nhIN hY'[ies qoN ielwvw kwnUMn iv`c ieh vI drz sI ik bI. sI. iv`c rihirhw koeI BwrqI Awpxy b`cy qy pirvwr kYnyfw nhIN ilAw skdw[pr cIny qy jpwnIAW leI AwpxIAW pqnIAW Aqy b`cy mMgvwaux dIKulH id`qI geI sI[

ikauNik pihly Awey is`KW ny isr qoVvIN kmweI sdkw Awpxymkwn, jwiedwd Aqy kwrobwr sQwpq kr ley sn[ ies leI aunHWdy mnW AMdr auprokq byienswPI ivru`D aubwl au~Txy SurU ho gey AqyQW QW qy ies pRqI crcw hox l`gI[ ies ivqkry nMU lY ky is`KW ny 16ApRYl 1911 nUM ie`k sBw bulweI Aqy srb sMmqI nwl keI mqy pwskIqy[ ieh vI PYslw kIqw ik kuJ is`K pMjwb jw ky Awpxy pirvwrWnUM swQ lY ky Awaux qW ik srkwr v`loN lweI pwbMdI nUM priKAwjwvy[ BweI Bwg isMG Aqy BweI blvMq isMG Kurdpur ny ies kMmleI hwmI BrI[ ieh dovyN jwxy Dn Krc ky Aqy rsqy dIAW AOkVWJldy hoey jdoN vYnkUvr bMdrgwh 'qy smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN phuMcy qWiemIgRySn vwilAW ny ienW dy prvwrW nUM kYnyfw dwKl nw hox id`qwAqy vwps hWgkWg Byj id`qw[ BweI Bwg isMG Aqy BweI blvMqisMG nUM AMdr Awaux dI iezwjq id`qI[ dUjI vwr Pyr ienHW XqnkIqw qW dohW is`KW nUM qW dwKl hox id`qw Aqy ienHW dy prvwrW nUMihrwsq iv`c lY ilAw[ ies D`kySwhI Aqy byiensw&I ivru`D ^wlswdIvwn suswietI ny Adwlq 'c kys kr id`qw[ Adwlq ny nkdjmwnq 'qy ienHW dy prvwrW nUM ihrwsq 'coN k`F ky kYnyfw AMdrAwaux dw hukm dy id`qw[

^wlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loN bxwey srkwrIkwnUMnW ivru`D Gol AwrMBxw

^wlsw dIvwn suswietI Aqy XUnweIitf ieMfIAw lIg nyAwpxIAW sm`isAwvW sMbMDI ie`k v&d srkwr nwl g`lbwq krnleI AOtvw Byjx dw PYslw kIqw[ cwr bMidAW dw v&d ijs iv`cfwktr suMdr isMG, sMq (pRo&Ysr) qyjw isMG, rwjw isMG Aqy AY`l.fblXU. hwl Swml sn 15 dsMbr 1913 nUM AOtvw phuMicAw, ij`Qy

(40) (41)

is`KW nUM nOkrI leI bhuq gory juAwb dy rhy hn[ieiqhwsk q`QWmuqwbk 3 AkqUbr 1909 nUM Swm vkq kuJ is`K vYnkUvr dy gurduAwrwswihb dy mYdwn iv`c TMF kwrn l`kVW bwl ky DUxI syk rhy sn[srdwr n`Qw isMG jo ik brqwnIAW BwrqI &Oj dw ie`k mhwn XoDwsI ny ies iek`T iv`c ie`k ivSyS mqw r`iKAw ijs dy Sbd sn:

'swfIAW vrdIAW Aqy mYfl ieh is`D kr rhy hn ik AsINbrqwnIAW dI wqr jMgW iv`c Awpxy mulk dy bMidAW ivru`D Aqy horeySIAn kOmW dy ivru`D lVy[ pr A`j ieh vrdIAW Aqy mYfl swnUMgulwmI dw icnH idKweI dy rhy hn'[

3 AkqUbr 1909 nUM roh iv`c Aw ky byiensw&I ivru`D keI&OjIAW ny AwpxIAW &Oj dIAW vrdIAW Aqy mYfl jo bVy sWB kyicr qoN r`Ky hoey sn, bl rhI A`g iv`c swV id`qy sn[

ihMdusqwnI lokW dw kYnyfw Awauxw bMd krn leIiemIgRySn AYkt

ijauN hI kYnyfw srkwr ny dyiKAw ik aus vloN GVI gupq swijSijs ADIn isKW nUM hWfUrs Byjxw sI PylH ho geI hY qW bdly dI Bwvnwqihq socxw SurU kr idqw[ ies Bwvnw dy mdy nzr BwrqI lokW dwAwauxw bMd krn leI srkwr ny 9 meI 1910 nUM pRIvI kONsl AwrfrnMbr 920 pwrlImYNt ivc ilAWdw ijs Anuswr :

“iemIgRySn AYkt IV Aqy AYfvrf VII muqwbk iksy vIAwvwsI dw kYnyfw dwKl hoxw bMd kIqw jWdw hY, jykr auh Awpxyvqn qoN is`DI itkt KRId ky auprMq Atu`t smuMdrI Xwqrw rwhIN nhINAwauNdw”[

pRIvI kOsl dy Awrfr nMbr 926 ADIn ie`k hor ivSyS kwnUMnbxwieAw igAw, ijs dy Sbd sn:

“eySIAw dy mUl dw koeI AwdmI kYnyfw dwKl nhIN ho skdw,jykr aus pws 200 fwlr nhIN hoxgy[ pRIvI kONsl dy Awrfr nMbr924 Anuswr koeI vI ivdySI Awpxy prvwr smyq kYnyfw AMdr dwKlho skdw hY, jy aus pws pYsy hn[ nwl hI iemIgRySn A&srW nUMhwlwqW Anuswr PYslw lYx jW Cot dyx dw pUrn AiDkwr hY[ hYrwn

krn vwlI g`l hY ik ies kwnUMn dy SbdW iv`c ie`k Kws pMkqI ilKIhoeI sI, 'auprokq kwnUMn eySIAn mUl dy lokW aupr lwgU nhIN hY'[ies qoN ielwvw kwnUMn iv`c ieh vI drz sI ik bI. sI. iv`c rihirhw koeI BwrqI Awpxy b`cy qy pirvwr kYnyfw nhIN ilAw skdw[pr cIny qy jpwnIAW leI AwpxIAW pqnIAW Aqy b`cy mMgvwaux dIKulH id`qI geI sI[

ikauNik pihly Awey is`KW ny isr qoVvIN kmweI sdkw Awpxymkwn, jwiedwd Aqy kwrobwr sQwpq kr ley sn[ ies leI aunHWdy mnW AMdr auprokq byienswPI ivru`D aubwl au~Txy SurU ho gey AqyQW QW qy ies pRqI crcw hox l`gI[ ies ivqkry nMU lY ky is`KW ny 16ApRYl 1911 nUM ie`k sBw bulweI Aqy srb sMmqI nwl keI mqy pwskIqy[ ieh vI PYslw kIqw ik kuJ is`K pMjwb jw ky Awpxy pirvwrWnUM swQ lY ky Awaux qW ik srkwr v`loN lweI pwbMdI nUM priKAwjwvy[ BweI Bwg isMG Aqy BweI blvMq isMG Kurdpur ny ies kMmleI hwmI BrI[ ieh dovyN jwxy Dn Krc ky Aqy rsqy dIAW AOkVWJldy hoey jdoN vYnkUvr bMdrgwh 'qy smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN phuMcy qWiemIgRySn vwilAW ny ienW dy prvwrW nUM kYnyfw dwKl nw hox id`qwAqy vwps hWgkWg Byj id`qw[ BweI Bwg isMG Aqy BweI blvMqisMG nUM AMdr Awaux dI iezwjq id`qI[ dUjI vwr Pyr ienHW XqnkIqw qW dohW is`KW nUM qW dwKl hox id`qw Aqy ienHW dy prvwrW nUMihrwsq iv`c lY ilAw[ ies D`kySwhI Aqy byiensw&I ivru`D ^wlswdIvwn suswietI ny Adwlq 'c kys kr id`qw[ Adwlq ny nkdjmwnq 'qy ienHW dy prvwrW nUM ihrwsq 'coN k`F ky kYnyfw AMdrAwaux dw hukm dy id`qw[

^wlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loN bxwey srkwrIkwnUMnW ivru`D Gol AwrMBxw

^wlsw dIvwn suswietI Aqy XUnweIitf ieMfIAw lIg nyAwpxIAW sm`isAwvW sMbMDI ie`k v&d srkwr nwl g`lbwq krnleI AOtvw Byjx dw PYslw kIqw[ cwr bMidAW dw v&d ijs iv`cfwktr suMdr isMG, sMq (pRo&Ysr) qyjw isMG, rwjw isMG Aqy AY`l.fblXU. hwl Swml sn 15 dsMbr 1913 nUM AOtvw phuMicAw, ij`Qy

(40) (41)

ienHW ny sMbMDq mMqrI imstr rozrz nUM AwpxIAW AOkVW bwry jwxUkrwieAw[ ienHW minstr nUM AwiKAw:

'mhwrwxI ivktorIAw Aqy bwdSwh AYfvrf Aqy jwrj dySbd hn ik AsIN swrI prjw nwl ie`ko ijhw slUk krWgy'[

pr Awp jI A`gy sinmr bynqI hY ik kYnyfw dy rih rhy is`KWvwsqy cIn Aqy jpwn dy lokW nwloN v`K kwnUMn ikauN hY?

Ø kYnyfw rih rhy is`K Awpxy pirvwr Aqy b`icAW nUM Awpxypws ikauN nhIN ilAw skdy? AsIN pirvwrW nwloN kwnUMn muqwbkjbrI ivCoVy gey hW[ AijhI szw qW kyvl AprwDIAW nUMid`qI jw skdI hY[ ieh kwnUMnI pwbMdI swfIAW pqnIAW Aqyswfy b`icAW nwl v`fw D`kw hY[ kwnUMn qihq pUrb vwsI eySIAnAwpxIAW pqnIAW Aqy b`cy kYnyfw ilAw skdy hn[

Ø dUjw Atu`t s&r kwnUMn bdlx pRqI swfI mMg hY[ AijhwivSyS kwnUMn kyvl ihMdusqwnIAW 'qy hI ikauN lwgU kIqw igAwhY?

Ø qIjw kYnyfw 'c dwKly leI Dn rwSI sB leI ie`ko ijqnI hoxIcwhIdI hY[ v`K v`K kOmW leI v`KrI ikauN r`KI geI hY?

Ø cOQw swry brqwnvIN rwj AMdr prjw dy AiDkwrW 'c smwnqwhovy[ ies sMbMDI swfI bynqI pRvwn kIqI jwvy[

v&d dy mYNbrW ny mMqrI nUM ieh XkIn idvwieAw ik AsIN r`bnUM mMnx vwly, srkwr dy v&wdwr, eIsweIAW vWg sdwcwrk guxWvwly, brqwnvI swmrwj leI Gwlnw Gwlx vwly, hr ie`k dwsiqkwr krn vwly, sB dw Blw cwhuMx vwly Aqy mnu`KI praupkwrkrn vwly ienswn hW[ ieh zrUr hY ik swfw rMg v`Krw hY AqypCwx A`frI hY[

v&d dy ivcwr suxn auprMq mMqrI imstr rozrz ny Broswidqw ik aunHW dIAW iSkwieqW 'qy jldI gOr kIqw jwvygw[ iesy dOrwnvYnkUvr dy AY~m.pI.AY~c.AY~c. stIvnz nUM jdoN ies gl dI iBxklgI ik isKW dw v&d iSkwieqW lY ky AOtvw phuMc ky mMqrI nMUimilAw hY qW aus ny qurMq iek tYRkt (ikqwbVI) Cwp ky goirAW 'c

vMfI, ijs dw isrlyK sI, 'pUrbI vwsI lokW dI smisAw'[ iesikqwbVI ivc ies gory ny v&d dy mYNbrW bwry bVI BYVI SbdwvlIvrqI[ fwktr suMdr isMG nUM BVkwaU, rwjw isMG nUM fwktr dw cmcw,sMq qyjw isMG nUM qrnwk hsqI Aqy AY~l. fblXU. hwl nUM mUrK bMdwiliKAw[ ………aus ny ieh vI iliKAw ik ieh lok swnUM psMdnhIN Aqy ienHW dI iemIgRySn hr hwlq bMd hoxI cwhIdI hY[

torMto dI minstRIAl AYsosIeySn ny vI 2 jnvrI 1912 nUMie`k mqw pws kIqw, ijs iv`c aunHW ny is`KW nUM Awpxy pirvwr qyb`cy ilAwaux dw ivroD kIqw[ ies bwry ijkr vwrf pItr nyAwpxI ikqwb 'White Canada Forever' iv`c kIqw ijhVI 1978iv`c ilKI geI[

srkwr ny v&d dy mYNbrW ivru`D JUTIAW APvwhW PYlwauxIAWSurU kr id`qIAW[ mu`K inSwnw sMq qyjw isMG nUM bxwieAw ikauNikieh cMgy pVHy ilKy sn[ srkwr ieh cwhuMdI sI ik koeI piVHAwiliKAw bMdw is`KW dw nyqw nw bx jwvy, ijhVw srkwr ivru`D koeIlihr clw dyvy[ AwpxI nIqI Anuswr srkwrI bMidAW, Kws krhwpiknsn ny is`KW iv`c Pu`t pwaux leI kwPI bMdy Dn dw lwlc dyky KRId ley[

29 jnvrI 1912 nUM vYnkUvr ivKy 400 dy krIb is`KW dIiek`qrqw hoeI[ AOtvw qoN Awey mYbrW ny au~Qy hoeI g`lbwq bwryAwpxy ivcwr ies mIitMg iv`c r`Ky[ aunHW AwiKAw ik BwvyN minstrrozrz ny msly dy h`l leI Brosw idvwieAw hY pr swnUM srkwr dIies sMbMDI koeI nyk nIqI nhIN idKweI idMdI[ ies iek`qrqw iv`csMq qyjw isMG ny pirvwr ilAwaux dI KulH bwry dubwrw mqw r`iKAwAqy husYn rhIm ny ies dI qweId kIqI (gMgw isMG ny ies mIitMgdw vyrvw AwpxI ikqwb, 'AmrIkw iv`c ihMdusqwnI' dy pMnw 134-135 iv`c kIqw hY)[

jdoN is`KW ny dyiKAw ik ie`k swl ip`CoN vI srkwr ny aunHWdIAW sm`isAwvW dy h`l leI koeI au~qw nhIN vwicAw qW BweIcwryny 22 &rvrI 1913 nUM ie`k hor ivSyS mIitMg bulweI[ ies iv`cAmrIkw qoN vI kuJ isK Swml hoey[ iekqrqw ny srb-sMmqI nwl

(42) (43)

ienHW ny sMbMDq mMqrI imstr rozrz nUM AwpxIAW AOkVW bwry jwxUkrwieAw[ ienHW minstr nUM AwiKAw:

'mhwrwxI ivktorIAw Aqy bwdSwh AYfvrf Aqy jwrj dySbd hn ik AsIN swrI prjw nwl ie`ko ijhw slUk krWgy'[

pr Awp jI A`gy sinmr bynqI hY ik kYnyfw dy rih rhy is`KWvwsqy cIn Aqy jpwn dy lokW nwloN v`K kwnUMn ikauN hY?

Ø kYnyfw rih rhy is`K Awpxy pirvwr Aqy b`icAW nUM Awpxypws ikauN nhIN ilAw skdy? AsIN pirvwrW nwloN kwnUMn muqwbkjbrI ivCoVy gey hW[ AijhI szw qW kyvl AprwDIAW nUMid`qI jw skdI hY[ ieh kwnUMnI pwbMdI swfIAW pqnIAW Aqyswfy b`icAW nwl v`fw D`kw hY[ kwnUMn qihq pUrb vwsI eySIAnAwpxIAW pqnIAW Aqy b`cy kYnyfw ilAw skdy hn[

Ø dUjw Atu`t s&r kwnUMn bdlx pRqI swfI mMg hY[ AijhwivSyS kwnUMn kyvl ihMdusqwnIAW 'qy hI ikauN lwgU kIqw igAwhY?

Ø qIjw kYnyfw 'c dwKly leI Dn rwSI sB leI ie`ko ijqnI hoxIcwhIdI hY[ v`K v`K kOmW leI v`KrI ikauN r`KI geI hY?

Ø cOQw swry brqwnvIN rwj AMdr prjw dy AiDkwrW 'c smwnqwhovy[ ies sMbMDI swfI bynqI pRvwn kIqI jwvy[

v&d dy mYNbrW ny mMqrI nUM ieh XkIn idvwieAw ik AsIN r`bnUM mMnx vwly, srkwr dy v&wdwr, eIsweIAW vWg sdwcwrk guxWvwly, brqwnvI swmrwj leI Gwlnw Gwlx vwly, hr ie`k dwsiqkwr krn vwly, sB dw Blw cwhuMx vwly Aqy mnu`KI praupkwrkrn vwly ienswn hW[ ieh zrUr hY ik swfw rMg v`Krw hY AqypCwx A`frI hY[

v&d dy ivcwr suxn auprMq mMqrI imstr rozrz ny Broswidqw ik aunHW dIAW iSkwieqW 'qy jldI gOr kIqw jwvygw[ iesy dOrwnvYnkUvr dy AY~m.pI.AY~c.AY~c. stIvnz nUM jdoN ies gl dI iBxklgI ik isKW dw v&d iSkwieqW lY ky AOtvw phuMc ky mMqrI nMUimilAw hY qW aus ny qurMq iek tYRkt (ikqwbVI) Cwp ky goirAW 'c

vMfI, ijs dw isrlyK sI, 'pUrbI vwsI lokW dI smisAw'[ iesikqwbVI ivc ies gory ny v&d dy mYNbrW bwry bVI BYVI SbdwvlIvrqI[ fwktr suMdr isMG nUM BVkwaU, rwjw isMG nUM fwktr dw cmcw,sMq qyjw isMG nUM qrnwk hsqI Aqy AY~l. fblXU. hwl nUM mUrK bMdwiliKAw[ ………aus ny ieh vI iliKAw ik ieh lok swnUM psMdnhIN Aqy ienHW dI iemIgRySn hr hwlq bMd hoxI cwhIdI hY[

torMto dI minstRIAl AYsosIeySn ny vI 2 jnvrI 1912 nUMie`k mqw pws kIqw, ijs iv`c aunHW ny is`KW nUM Awpxy pirvwr qyb`cy ilAwaux dw ivroD kIqw[ ies bwry ijkr vwrf pItr nyAwpxI ikqwb 'White Canada Forever' iv`c kIqw ijhVI 1978iv`c ilKI geI[

srkwr ny v&d dy mYNbrW ivru`D JUTIAW APvwhW PYlwauxIAWSurU kr id`qIAW[ mu`K inSwnw sMq qyjw isMG nUM bxwieAw ikauNikieh cMgy pVHy ilKy sn[ srkwr ieh cwhuMdI sI ik koeI piVHAwiliKAw bMdw is`KW dw nyqw nw bx jwvy, ijhVw srkwr ivru`D koeIlihr clw dyvy[ AwpxI nIqI Anuswr srkwrI bMidAW, Kws krhwpiknsn ny is`KW iv`c Pu`t pwaux leI kwPI bMdy Dn dw lwlc dyky KRId ley[

29 jnvrI 1912 nUM vYnkUvr ivKy 400 dy krIb is`KW dIiek`qrqw hoeI[ AOtvw qoN Awey mYbrW ny au~Qy hoeI g`lbwq bwryAwpxy ivcwr ies mIitMg iv`c r`Ky[ aunHW AwiKAw ik BwvyN minstrrozrz ny msly dy h`l leI Brosw idvwieAw hY pr swnUM srkwr dIies sMbMDI koeI nyk nIqI nhIN idKweI idMdI[ ies iek`qrqw iv`csMq qyjw isMG ny pirvwr ilAwaux dI KulH bwry dubwrw mqw r`iKAwAqy husYn rhIm ny ies dI qweId kIqI (gMgw isMG ny ies mIitMgdw vyrvw AwpxI ikqwb, 'AmrIkw iv`c ihMdusqwnI' dy pMnw 134-135 iv`c kIqw hY)[

jdoN is`KW ny dyiKAw ik ie`k swl ip`CoN vI srkwr ny aunHWdIAW sm`isAwvW dy h`l leI koeI au~qw nhIN vwicAw qW BweIcwryny 22 &rvrI 1913 nUM ie`k hor ivSyS mIitMg bulweI[ ies iv`cAmrIkw qoN vI kuJ isK Swml hoey[ iekqrqw ny srb-sMmqI nwl

(42) (43)

mqw pws kIqw ik iek v&d lMfn jwvy Aqy au~Qy isK msly sMbMDIglbwq krky Bwrq jw ky idlI dy au~c–AiDkwrIAW nwl vI ivcwr-vtWdrw kry[ ies fYpUtySn ivc BweI blvMq isMG Kurdpur, BweInMd isMG ishrw (PlOr) Aqy BweI nrwiex isMG TIkrIvwlw rKy gey[

14 meI 1913 nUM lMfn ivKy auprokq v&d dy phuMcx qy srmukrjI AY~m. byvrgI dI pRDwngI hyT iek ivSwl iekT hoieAw[ies ivc iemIgRySn dI kwnUMnI Dwrw nUM ^qm krwaux leI mwnXogcrlz, hwrifMgz, bYrn hwrifMg Aqy Bwrq dy vwiesrwey Aqy gvrnrjnrl lwhOr nUM dyx vwlw mMg pqr iqAwr kIqw igAw[ ies dIAWnklW brqwnIAW Aqy kYnyfw nUM vI Byjx leI PYslw kIqw igAw[

brqwnIAW dy AiDkwrIAW qoN fYpUtySn nUM cMgw huMgwrw nwimlx krky ieh v&d ieMglYNf qoN c`l ky 6 julweI 1913 nUM lwhOrphuMc igAw[ ie`Qy phuMc ky fYpUtySn dy mYNbr rwjnIqk nyqwvW AqyAKbwr nvIsW nUM vI imly[ 18 Agsq 1913 nUM ienHW brYflw hwl,lwhOr iv`c kYnyfw dy nslI ivqkry dy kwnUMn bwry crcw kIqI[ ausauprMq ienHW pMjwb dy SihrW dw dOrw kIqw Aqy by-ienswPI AqynslI ivqkry bwry pRcwr kIqw[ iPr 18 sqMbr 1913 nUM pMjwb dygvrnr mweIkl aufvwier nwl imlxI kIqI Aqy 20 dsMbr 1913nUM vwiesrwey nwl mIitMg hoeI[

brqwnIAW srkwr dIAW Bwrq vwsIAW ivru`D gqIivdIAWdyK nwrQ AmrIkw iv`c gdr pwrtI' mwrc 1913 nUM hoNd iv`cAweI[ ies j`QybMdI dw Asl nW qW 'ihMdI pYsyiPk AYsosIeySn'sI[ pr dyS dI AwzwdI ies dw muK inSwnw hox krky Aqy ienklwbdw rUp Dwrn kr ky ies nUM 'gdr pwrtI' kihxw SurU kr id`qw[ies pwrtI ny 'gdr' nW dw mwhvwrI rswlw vI k`iFAw[ gdrpwrtI dw mu`K d&qr AmrIkw iv`c ies krky sQwpq kIqw igAwik ieh Awzwd mulk sI pr kYnyfw, brqwnvI swmrwj dI bsqIsI[ BwvyN AMgryjI srkwr kYnyfw iv`c rih rhy BwrqI lokW 'qy gdrlihr iv`c Bwg lYx sMbMDI pUrI nzr r`K rhI sI[ pr smUh BwrqvwsI Aqy ^ws kr is`K ies lihr nUM inDVk ho ky pUrn sihXog dyrhy sn[ gdrI bwibAW dIAW mhwn kurbwnIAW bwry ies pusqk dypMjvyN AiDAwey iv`c KolH ky ibAwn kIqw igAw hY[

nvyN GVy kwnUMn ivru`D BweI nwrwiex isMG jI jo lMfn AqyBwrq geI iqMn mYNbrI kmytI iv`c Swml sI ny ihMmq krky is`KAwvwsIAW dw j`Qw iqAwr kIqw[ ieh 56 is`KW dw j`Qw 17 dsMbr1913 nUM ibRitS kolMbIAw dI ivktorIAw bMdrgwh 'qy phuMicAw[ iehswry 'AYprs Aw& pnwmw mwrU' jhwz rwhIN phuMcy[ iemIgRySnAiDkwrIAW ny ienHW swirAW nUM ihrwsq iv`c lY ilAw[ is`KW AqyaunHW dy pRvwrW dy kYnyfw dwKly dy k`tV ivroDI Aqy bylw isMG gdwrqoN bMdy mrvwaux vwly hwpiknsn nUM vI AiDkwrIAW ny bulw ilAw[swry musw&rW iv`coN 17 nUM qW C`f id`qw Aqy bwkIAW nUM Bwrq vwpsByjx dw hukm id`qw[ ieh ^br sux ky vYnkUvr dy is`KW ny vkIlimstr brf, muk`dmw dwier krn leI kr ilAw[

imstr brf ny j`j mrPI kol kys dwier krwauxw cwihAwpr aus dy mn AMdr vI nslI boA sI[ aus ny ArzI lYx qoN nWhkr id`qI[ ies ip`CoN brf dUjy j`j gorfn hMtr pws kys lY igAw[cwr musw&rW dw kys C`f bwkI 35 AwvwsIAW dy kysW 'qy j`j swihbivcwr krnw mMn gey[ kwPI pVcol auprMq kwnUMnI Dwrw sihq 35muswPrW nUM j`j ny kYnyfw iv`c dwKlw dyx leI hukm suxwieAw[ ausny 200 fwlr Aqy is`Dy s&r dI Srq vwly donoN Purmwn gYr-kwnUMnIkrwr id`qy[ ieh hukm ibRitS kolMbIAw dIAW irportW jo 1913iv`c vwlIaUm 18 iv`c CpIAW AMdr drz hY[ fwktr pUrn isMG nyvI AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 55 'qy ieh g`l ilKI hY[ ieM\ srdwrnrwiex isMG jI Awpxy kwrj iv`c s&l ho gey[ ieh GtnwdrswauNdI hY ik is`KW nUM pYr pYr 'qy kYnyfw iv`c dwKly leI ikvyN Golkrnw ipAw[ ies Gol iv`c byAMq Dn jo is`KW ny KUn psInw lw kykmwieAw sI Krc hoieAw, bVIAW prySwnIAW Aqy musIbqW J`lIAWAqy kurbwnIAW vI id`qIAW[ ies ip`CoN kwmwgwtw mwrU vwlw joduKWq vwpirAw auh bVw idl ihlwaU, idl kMbwaU Aqy idl tuMbwaUsI[ gurU dI ikRpw sdkw gurU dw is`K kdy nw foldw hY Aqy nw hIGbrwauNdw hY BwvyN jwn vI ikauN nw vwrnI pvy[ ieM\ BweI gurid`qisMG Aqy aus dy sMgI swQIAW ny v`fI kurbwnI kr ky is`KW dI kYnyfwiv`c Awmd leI drvwzy KolH id`qy[ is`K kOm auhnW dI mhwn irxIhY Aqy aunHW dI Xwd sO swl bwAd vI ijauN dI iqauN ienHW dy idlWAMdr qwzw hY[

(44) (45)

mqw pws kIqw ik iek v&d lMfn jwvy Aqy au~Qy isK msly sMbMDIglbwq krky Bwrq jw ky idlI dy au~c–AiDkwrIAW nwl vI ivcwr-vtWdrw kry[ ies fYpUtySn ivc BweI blvMq isMG Kurdpur, BweInMd isMG ishrw (PlOr) Aqy BweI nrwiex isMG TIkrIvwlw rKy gey[

14 meI 1913 nUM lMfn ivKy auprokq v&d dy phuMcx qy srmukrjI AY~m. byvrgI dI pRDwngI hyT iek ivSwl iekT hoieAw[ies ivc iemIgRySn dI kwnUMnI Dwrw nUM ^qm krwaux leI mwnXogcrlz, hwrifMgz, bYrn hwrifMg Aqy Bwrq dy vwiesrwey Aqy gvrnrjnrl lwhOr nUM dyx vwlw mMg pqr iqAwr kIqw igAw[ ies dIAWnklW brqwnIAW Aqy kYnyfw nUM vI Byjx leI PYslw kIqw igAw[

brqwnIAW dy AiDkwrIAW qoN fYpUtySn nUM cMgw huMgwrw nwimlx krky ieh v&d ieMglYNf qoN c`l ky 6 julweI 1913 nUM lwhOrphuMc igAw[ ie`Qy phuMc ky fYpUtySn dy mYNbr rwjnIqk nyqwvW AqyAKbwr nvIsW nUM vI imly[ 18 Agsq 1913 nUM ienHW brYflw hwl,lwhOr iv`c kYnyfw dy nslI ivqkry dy kwnUMn bwry crcw kIqI[ ausauprMq ienHW pMjwb dy SihrW dw dOrw kIqw Aqy by-ienswPI AqynslI ivqkry bwry pRcwr kIqw[ iPr 18 sqMbr 1913 nUM pMjwb dygvrnr mweIkl aufvwier nwl imlxI kIqI Aqy 20 dsMbr 1913nUM vwiesrwey nwl mIitMg hoeI[

brqwnIAW srkwr dIAW Bwrq vwsIAW ivru`D gqIivdIAWdyK nwrQ AmrIkw iv`c gdr pwrtI' mwrc 1913 nUM hoNd iv`cAweI[ ies j`QybMdI dw Asl nW qW 'ihMdI pYsyiPk AYsosIeySn'sI[ pr dyS dI AwzwdI ies dw muK inSwnw hox krky Aqy ienklwbdw rUp Dwrn kr ky ies nUM 'gdr pwrtI' kihxw SurU kr id`qw[ies pwrtI ny 'gdr' nW dw mwhvwrI rswlw vI k`iFAw[ gdrpwrtI dw mu`K d&qr AmrIkw iv`c ies krky sQwpq kIqw igAwik ieh Awzwd mulk sI pr kYnyfw, brqwnvI swmrwj dI bsqIsI[ BwvyN AMgryjI srkwr kYnyfw iv`c rih rhy BwrqI lokW 'qy gdrlihr iv`c Bwg lYx sMbMDI pUrI nzr r`K rhI sI[ pr smUh BwrqvwsI Aqy ^ws kr is`K ies lihr nUM inDVk ho ky pUrn sihXog dyrhy sn[ gdrI bwibAW dIAW mhwn kurbwnIAW bwry ies pusqk dypMjvyN AiDAwey iv`c KolH ky ibAwn kIqw igAw hY[

nvyN GVy kwnUMn ivru`D BweI nwrwiex isMG jI jo lMfn AqyBwrq geI iqMn mYNbrI kmytI iv`c Swml sI ny ihMmq krky is`KAwvwsIAW dw j`Qw iqAwr kIqw[ ieh 56 is`KW dw j`Qw 17 dsMbr1913 nUM ibRitS kolMbIAw dI ivktorIAw bMdrgwh 'qy phuMicAw[ iehswry 'AYprs Aw& pnwmw mwrU' jhwz rwhIN phuMcy[ iemIgRySnAiDkwrIAW ny ienHW swirAW nUM ihrwsq iv`c lY ilAw[ is`KW AqyaunHW dy pRvwrW dy kYnyfw dwKly dy k`tV ivroDI Aqy bylw isMG gdwrqoN bMdy mrvwaux vwly hwpiknsn nUM vI AiDkwrIAW ny bulw ilAw[swry musw&rW iv`coN 17 nUM qW C`f id`qw Aqy bwkIAW nUM Bwrq vwpsByjx dw hukm id`qw[ ieh ^br sux ky vYnkUvr dy is`KW ny vkIlimstr brf, muk`dmw dwier krn leI kr ilAw[

imstr brf ny j`j mrPI kol kys dwier krwauxw cwihAwpr aus dy mn AMdr vI nslI boA sI[ aus ny ArzI lYx qoN nWhkr id`qI[ ies ip`CoN brf dUjy j`j gorfn hMtr pws kys lY igAw[cwr musw&rW dw kys C`f bwkI 35 AwvwsIAW dy kysW 'qy j`j swihbivcwr krnw mMn gey[ kwPI pVcol auprMq kwnUMnI Dwrw sihq 35muswPrW nUM j`j ny kYnyfw iv`c dwKlw dyx leI hukm suxwieAw[ ausny 200 fwlr Aqy is`Dy s&r dI Srq vwly donoN Purmwn gYr-kwnUMnIkrwr id`qy[ ieh hukm ibRitS kolMbIAw dIAW irportW jo 1913iv`c vwlIaUm 18 iv`c CpIAW AMdr drz hY[ fwktr pUrn isMG nyvI AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 55 'qy ieh g`l ilKI hY[ ieM\ srdwrnrwiex isMG jI Awpxy kwrj iv`c s&l ho gey[ ieh GtnwdrswauNdI hY ik is`KW nUM pYr pYr 'qy kYnyfw iv`c dwKly leI ikvyN Golkrnw ipAw[ ies Gol iv`c byAMq Dn jo is`KW ny KUn psInw lw kykmwieAw sI Krc hoieAw, bVIAW prySwnIAW Aqy musIbqW J`lIAWAqy kurbwnIAW vI id`qIAW[ ies ip`CoN kwmwgwtw mwrU vwlw joduKWq vwpirAw auh bVw idl ihlwaU, idl kMbwaU Aqy idl tuMbwaUsI[ gurU dI ikRpw sdkw gurU dw is`K kdy nw foldw hY Aqy nw hIGbrwauNdw hY BwvyN jwn vI ikauN nw vwrnI pvy[ ieM\ BweI gurid`qisMG Aqy aus dy sMgI swQIAW ny v`fI kurbwnI kr ky is`KW dI kYnyfwiv`c Awmd leI drvwzy KolH id`qy[ is`K kOm auhnW dI mhwn irxIhY Aqy aunHW dI Xwd sO swl bwAd vI ijauN dI iqauN ienHW dy idlWAMdr qwzw hY[

(44) (45)

4

kwmwgwtw mwrU swkwkYnyfw ivKy ie`k sdI pihlW 1914 eIsvI nUM ie`k bhuq hI

drdnwk Gtnw GtI[ aunHW idnW iv`c 376 ihMdusqwnI musw&r ijnHWiv`c 340 is`K 12 ihMdU Aqy 24 muslmwn sn bVy cwA, mlwr AqyidlI iK`c nwl Awpxy Awp nUM suBwgy smJdy hoey pRsMn ic`q ho kymzdUrI krn leI coKw Dn Krc ky smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN AiqAMqdu`K qklIPW Jldy hoey kYnyfw dy Sihr vYnkUvr dI bMdrgwh 'qyphuMcy[ ie`Qy phuMcx leI grIbI dI hwlq iv`c rih rihAW nyAwpxIAW zmInW gihxy krky, jW SwhUkwrW qoN ivAwj 'qy Dn lY kyjW iPr irSqydwrW qoN auDwrw mMg qMg ky ruipAw iek`qr kIqw sI[pr A`gy brqwnIAW dI srkwr jo ic`tI cmVI vwly goirAW dI sIAqy kYnyfw dy qMg idl, by-imhr, by-rihm Aqy AikRqGx goirAWny ienHW nwl bVw Ax-mnu`KI slUk kIqw[ ienHW dw jhwz qkrIbndo mhIny KVHw r`K ky ibnW iksy dlIl, vkIl, ApIl Aqy suxvweIqoN vgYr hI A`q dw zlIl kr ky ienHW ivcwirAW nUM Koty pYsy dI qrHWvwps Awpxy vqn v`l moV id`qw[

iehnW kYnyfw phuMcx dw mn aus smyN bxwieAw jdoN br imlIik nvMbr 1913 iv`c 56 is`K XwqrUAW nUM kYnyfw AMdr dwKl hox dIiejwzq iml geI sI[ ies dwKly dI ^br ihMdusqwn, hWgkWg,isMGwpur Awid Dur pUrb dySW iv`c A`g dI qrHW PYl geI AqyAKbwrW iv`c ^brW AwauxIAW SurU ho geIAW sn[ kYnyfw rih rhybMidAW ny ic`TI-p`qr rwhIN ies bwry Awpxy irSqydwrW nUM sUicq krid`qw sI[

kuJ muswPr hWgkWg, isMGwpur, i&lpweIn, cIn Aqy jwpwniv`c ruky hoey sn Aqy kYnyfw, AmrIkw phuMcx leI Aws 'c bYTysn[ pr aus smyN Pwr eIst Aqy ibRitS kolMbIAw ivckwr c`lxvwlIAW iqMn stIm kMpnIAW kYnyfIAn srkwr dy froN ihMdusqwnIAWnUM itkt dyx leI iqAwr nhIN sn[ ienHW kMpnIAW nUM kYnyfw dy au~cAiDkwrIAW v`loN p`qr jwrI kIqy sn ik auh iksy BwrqI nUM itkt

nw vycx[ BwvyN muswPrW dI Gwt kwrn ieh kMpnIAW Gwty iv`c jwrhIAW sn pr ieh frdIAW sn ik kwnUMn dy ault jw ky itktWjwrI krn nwl swfy lweIsYNs r`d nw ho jwx[ rsqy iv`c kYnyfw jwxleI ruky muswPrW leI sRI ibhwrI lwl nwmI Tykydwr ny ie`k jhwzikrwey qy lYx dw Xqn kIqw pr auh s&l nw ho sikAw ikauNik iehsOdw bVw mihMgw sI[

gurid`q isMG ny jhwz ikrwey qy lYxwAMimRqsr ijlHy dy j`dI ipMf srhwlI dy vsnIk BweI gurid`q

isMG sMDU gurU v`loN bKSy aud`m, Afol, imhnq Aqy idRV ierwdykwrn swdy jIvn, sRySt bOiDkqw Aqy rihm idl ienswn sn[guris`KI dI guVHqI ienWH nUM prvwr iv`coN hI imlI sI[ ienHW dy dwdwjI srdwr rqn isMG jI mwhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI &Oj iv`c cMgyAhudy 'qy sn[ AMgryzI rwj smyN ienHW ny AMgryzW v`loN pyS kIqIjwgIr Tukrw id`qI sI[ srdwr swihb dy ipqw jI srdwr hwkmisMG prvwr smyq mlwieAw cly gey sn[ BwvyN hwkm isMG nypihlW jw ky cOkIdwrw kIqw pr ip`CoN TykydwrI dw kMm sQwpq krilAw[ BweI gurid`q isMG ny Awpxy ipqw dw qoirAw kMm hor bhuqvDwieAw[ Bwv Awp qkVy Tykydwr sn[ pVHy ilKy Aqy imlwpVwsuuBwA hox krky cMgy cMgy bMidAW q`k ienHW dI phuMc sI[ ieh jhwzikrwey qy lYx leI ikvyN pRyry gey? ies dy kuJ kwrn ieiqhwskwrWny ibAwn kIqy hn:

1. jdoN ieh mlwieAw iv`c sI qW kYnyfw jwx vwly muswPrW nyAwpxy du`KiVAW dI khwxI ienHW nUM suxweI[

2. pMjwb AMdr ijhVw v&d kYnyfIAn is`KW Aqy hor BwrqIAWdIAW sm`isAwvW lY ky AwieAw sI auh i&rozpur dy BweIq^q isMG nUM imly sn[ BweI q^q isMG pMjwb AMdr iesqrIAWnUM iv`idAw idvwaux dy moFI sn[ ienHW ny kYnyfIAn v&d v`loNauTweIAW sm`isAwvW BweI gurid`q isMG nwl sWJIAW kIqIAWAqy jhwz ikrwey qy lYx dI isPwrS BweI swihb nUM kIqI (sÍYjIvnI kysr isMG)

(46) (47)

4

kwmwgwtw mwrU swkwkYnyfw ivKy ie`k sdI pihlW 1914 eIsvI nUM ie`k bhuq hI

drdnwk Gtnw GtI[ aunHW idnW iv`c 376 ihMdusqwnI musw&r ijnHWiv`c 340 is`K 12 ihMdU Aqy 24 muslmwn sn bVy cwA, mlwr AqyidlI iK`c nwl Awpxy Awp nUM suBwgy smJdy hoey pRsMn ic`q ho kymzdUrI krn leI coKw Dn Krc ky smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN AiqAMqdu`K qklIPW Jldy hoey kYnyfw dy Sihr vYnkUvr dI bMdrgwh 'qyphuMcy[ ie`Qy phuMcx leI grIbI dI hwlq iv`c rih rihAW nyAwpxIAW zmInW gihxy krky, jW SwhUkwrW qoN ivAwj 'qy Dn lY kyjW iPr irSqydwrW qoN auDwrw mMg qMg ky ruipAw iek`qr kIqw sI[pr A`gy brqwnIAW dI srkwr jo ic`tI cmVI vwly goirAW dI sIAqy kYnyfw dy qMg idl, by-imhr, by-rihm Aqy AikRqGx goirAWny ienHW nwl bVw Ax-mnu`KI slUk kIqw[ ienHW dw jhwz qkrIbndo mhIny KVHw r`K ky ibnW iksy dlIl, vkIl, ApIl Aqy suxvweIqoN vgYr hI A`q dw zlIl kr ky ienHW ivcwirAW nUM Koty pYsy dI qrHWvwps Awpxy vqn v`l moV id`qw[

iehnW kYnyfw phuMcx dw mn aus smyN bxwieAw jdoN br imlIik nvMbr 1913 iv`c 56 is`K XwqrUAW nUM kYnyfw AMdr dwKl hox dIiejwzq iml geI sI[ ies dwKly dI ^br ihMdusqwn, hWgkWg,isMGwpur Awid Dur pUrb dySW iv`c A`g dI qrHW PYl geI AqyAKbwrW iv`c ^brW AwauxIAW SurU ho geIAW sn[ kYnyfw rih rhybMidAW ny ic`TI-p`qr rwhIN ies bwry Awpxy irSqydwrW nUM sUicq krid`qw sI[

kuJ muswPr hWgkWg, isMGwpur, i&lpweIn, cIn Aqy jwpwniv`c ruky hoey sn Aqy kYnyfw, AmrIkw phuMcx leI Aws 'c bYTysn[ pr aus smyN Pwr eIst Aqy ibRitS kolMbIAw ivckwr c`lxvwlIAW iqMn stIm kMpnIAW kYnyfIAn srkwr dy froN ihMdusqwnIAWnUM itkt dyx leI iqAwr nhIN sn[ ienHW kMpnIAW nUM kYnyfw dy au~cAiDkwrIAW v`loN p`qr jwrI kIqy sn ik auh iksy BwrqI nUM itkt

nw vycx[ BwvyN muswPrW dI Gwt kwrn ieh kMpnIAW Gwty iv`c jwrhIAW sn pr ieh frdIAW sn ik kwnUMn dy ault jw ky itktWjwrI krn nwl swfy lweIsYNs r`d nw ho jwx[ rsqy iv`c kYnyfw jwxleI ruky muswPrW leI sRI ibhwrI lwl nwmI Tykydwr ny ie`k jhwzikrwey qy lYx dw Xqn kIqw pr auh s&l nw ho sikAw ikauNik iehsOdw bVw mihMgw sI[

gurid`q isMG ny jhwz ikrwey qy lYxwAMimRqsr ijlHy dy j`dI ipMf srhwlI dy vsnIk BweI gurid`q

isMG sMDU gurU v`loN bKSy aud`m, Afol, imhnq Aqy idRV ierwdykwrn swdy jIvn, sRySt bOiDkqw Aqy rihm idl ienswn sn[guris`KI dI guVHqI ienWH nUM prvwr iv`coN hI imlI sI[ ienHW dy dwdwjI srdwr rqn isMG jI mwhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI &Oj iv`c cMgyAhudy 'qy sn[ AMgryzI rwj smyN ienHW ny AMgryzW v`loN pyS kIqIjwgIr Tukrw id`qI sI[ srdwr swihb dy ipqw jI srdwr hwkmisMG prvwr smyq mlwieAw cly gey sn[ BwvyN hwkm isMG nypihlW jw ky cOkIdwrw kIqw pr ip`CoN TykydwrI dw kMm sQwpq krilAw[ BweI gurid`q isMG ny Awpxy ipqw dw qoirAw kMm hor bhuqvDwieAw[ Bwv Awp qkVy Tykydwr sn[ pVHy ilKy Aqy imlwpVwsuuBwA hox krky cMgy cMgy bMidAW q`k ienHW dI phuMc sI[ ieh jhwzikrwey qy lYx leI ikvyN pRyry gey? ies dy kuJ kwrn ieiqhwskwrWny ibAwn kIqy hn:

1. jdoN ieh mlwieAw iv`c sI qW kYnyfw jwx vwly muswPrW nyAwpxy du`KiVAW dI khwxI ienHW nUM suxweI[

2. pMjwb AMdr ijhVw v&d kYnyfIAn is`KW Aqy hor BwrqIAWdIAW sm`isAwvW lY ky AwieAw sI auh i&rozpur dy BweIq^q isMG nUM imly sn[ BweI q^q isMG pMjwb AMdr iesqrIAWnUM iv`idAw idvwaux dy moFI sn[ ienHW ny kYnyfIAn v&d v`loNauTweIAW sm`isAwvW BweI gurid`q isMG nwl sWJIAW kIqIAWAqy jhwz ikrwey qy lYx dI isPwrS BweI swihb nUM kIqI (sÍYjIvnI kysr isMG)

(46) (47)

3. 3 jnvrI 1914 nUM hWgkWg dy gurU Gr ivKy sRI gurU goibMdisMG jI dw pRkwS idhwVw sI[ BweI gurid`q isMG jI ny gurUswihb jI dI jIvn idRStI 'qy cwnxw pwieAw[ BweI gurid`qisMG jI ny Awp iliKAw hY ik smwgm auprMq myry nwl mohrIis`KW dI g`lbwq hoeI Aqy puiCAw ik kI mYN Awpxy hmvqnIAWleI kuJ kr skdw hW? au~qr iv`c mYN ikhw ik kYnyfw phuMcxdw ie`ko ie`k h`l hY jy AsIN Awpxw jhwz leIey Aqy iesnwl hI AsIN Awpxy AiDkwrW dI vrqoN kr skdy hW[ Awpxyjhwz nwl hI AsIN Atu`t s&r vwlI Srq nUM pUrw kr skdyhW [

sMgqW nwl g`lbwq kridAW BweI swihb ny pu`iCAw, “kI g`lhY? A`j mYnUM gurU Gr ivKy koeI &OjI s`jx idKweI nhIN id`qw”[ gurUGr dy pRbMDkW ny ikhw, “brqwnvI srkwr dy A&srW ny is`K&OjIAW nUM gurduAwry ivKy gurpurb smyN jwx 'qy mnwhI kr id`qIsI”[

aunHW simAW Aqy hwlwqW iv`c jhwz BwVy qy lYxw koeI Kwlw jIdw vwVw nhIN sI[ Aijhw kMm koeI v`fy ijgryvwlw hI kr skdwsI[ kudrqI BweI dljIq isMG Aqy BweI bIr isMG vI au~c iv`idAwleI AmrIkw jwx vwsqy hWgkWg ivKy Psy hoey sn[ ienHW ny vIBweI gurid`q isMG nUM ies bwry d`isAw Aqy XkIn dvwieAw ikjykr auh jhwz ikrwey 'qy lY lYx qW AsIN pVHweI dw iKAwl C`f kyquhwfI pUrI m`dd krWgy[ auDroN kYnyfw dI wlsw dIvwn suswietI nyqwr rwhIN BweI gurid`q isMG nUM jldI jhwz BwVy 'qy lYx leIAwiKAw[ AwiKr BweI swihb ny Syr idlI idKweI Aqy jrmn dyeyjMt XUny dI m`dd nwl kwmwgwtw mwrU, jpwnI jhwz (KomagataMaru) BwvyN jhwz dw Asl nW qW komwgwtw mwrU sI pr pMjwbI dyis`Dy l&jW iv`c ies nUM lok kwmwgwtw mwrU kihx l`g pey) Cy mhInyleI ikrwey qy lY ilAw[ ies jhwz dw ikrwieAw 11 hzwr fwlr(hWgkWg) pRqI mhInw dyxw qih hoieAw[

kMm dI sMpUrnqw leI gurid`q isMG ny BweI dljIq isMG aurPrwey isMG vsnIk kwaunI (ijlHw iProzpur) nUM Awpxw in`jI shwiek

Aqy BweI bIr isMG nUM ijhVy kot BweI dy nzdIk pYNdy ipMf gurUsrdy sn nUM juAwieMt sk`qr r`K ilAw[ ieh dono pVHy ilKy hox krkyBweI gurid`q isMG dy kMm-kwz, bYNk dw ihswb-ikqwb, ieSiqhwrk`Fx, jhwz dIAW itktW vycx Awid dw kMm krdy rhy[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwzkwmwgwtw mwrU (Komagata Maru) kolw Fox vwlw jpwnI stIm

lweInr jhwz sI[ ies nUM glwsgo iv`c sMn 1890 nUM jrmn kMpnIleI bxwieAw sI[ crls konyl AY~f kMpnI (Charles Conell &Company) ny 13 Agsq 1890 nUM ieh jhwz smuMdr 'c TyilHAwsI[ ieh jhwz 392 Pu`t lMbw sI Aqy ies iv`c iqMn hjwr tn mwll`idAw jw skdw sI[ ieh ie`k GMty iv`c qkrIbn 20 iklomItr dIdUrI qih kr skdw sI[ pihlW pihl ies dw mwlk isinAweIkweIsn goSI kYsIAw jpwnI sI[ iPr ies dy mwlk do jrmn AY~s.AY~s. st`bnhk Aqy AY~s. AY~s. issInIAw bx gey, Bwv ienHW dynW qy ieh jhwz cldw sI[ jdoN srdwr gurid`q isMG ny ikrwey 'qyilAw qW aus vkq ieh ie`k jpwnI kMpnI kol sI Aqy ies dw nWkwmwgwtw mwrU sI[ srdwr swihb ny Awpxy koloN 2500 fwlr ^rcky ies dI murMmq Aqy sPweI krweI[ ies iv`c bYTx leI l`kVIdy bYNc lgvwey Aqy AwrzI qOr qy ml-mUqrKwny bxvwey[ hWgkWgqoN rvwnw hox qoN pihlW ies dw nW 'gurU nwnk jhwz' r`iKAw[ iesjhwz dw ieMspYktr ryf AY~c. AY~c. stIvn sI Aqy kYptn vwltrhoz sI[ q`QW Anuswr 1924 iv`c ies jhwz dw nW 'hIAW mwrU' sI[Bwv ies dw nW keI vwr bdilAw[

iemIgRySn kwnUMn iv`c dubwrw qbdIlIAW krnwBwvyN pihlW vwlIAW SrqW pUrIAW krn leI B`j-dOV kr ky

BweI gurid`q isMG ny jhwz qW BwVy 'qy kr ilAw[ pr aunHW idnWiv`c sMcwr swDn ieqny qyj nw hox kwrn iemIgRySn ivBwg v`loNpihlW nwloN hor kIqIAW qbdIlIAW bwry Swied BweI swihb nUM pqwnw l`igAw hovy[

(48) (49)

3. 3 jnvrI 1914 nUM hWgkWg dy gurU Gr ivKy sRI gurU goibMdisMG jI dw pRkwS idhwVw sI[ BweI gurid`q isMG jI ny gurUswihb jI dI jIvn idRStI 'qy cwnxw pwieAw[ BweI gurid`qisMG jI ny Awp iliKAw hY ik smwgm auprMq myry nwl mohrIis`KW dI g`lbwq hoeI Aqy puiCAw ik kI mYN Awpxy hmvqnIAWleI kuJ kr skdw hW? au~qr iv`c mYN ikhw ik kYnyfw phuMcxdw ie`ko ie`k h`l hY jy AsIN Awpxw jhwz leIey Aqy iesnwl hI AsIN Awpxy AiDkwrW dI vrqoN kr skdy hW[ Awpxyjhwz nwl hI AsIN Atu`t s&r vwlI Srq nUM pUrw kr skdyhW [

sMgqW nwl g`lbwq kridAW BweI swihb ny pu`iCAw, “kI g`lhY? A`j mYnUM gurU Gr ivKy koeI &OjI s`jx idKweI nhIN id`qw”[ gurUGr dy pRbMDkW ny ikhw, “brqwnvI srkwr dy A&srW ny is`K&OjIAW nUM gurduAwry ivKy gurpurb smyN jwx 'qy mnwhI kr id`qIsI”[

aunHW simAW Aqy hwlwqW iv`c jhwz BwVy qy lYxw koeI Kwlw jIdw vwVw nhIN sI[ Aijhw kMm koeI v`fy ijgryvwlw hI kr skdwsI[ kudrqI BweI dljIq isMG Aqy BweI bIr isMG vI au~c iv`idAwleI AmrIkw jwx vwsqy hWgkWg ivKy Psy hoey sn[ ienHW ny vIBweI gurid`q isMG nUM ies bwry d`isAw Aqy XkIn dvwieAw ikjykr auh jhwz ikrwey 'qy lY lYx qW AsIN pVHweI dw iKAwl C`f kyquhwfI pUrI m`dd krWgy[ auDroN kYnyfw dI wlsw dIvwn suswietI nyqwr rwhIN BweI gurid`q isMG nUM jldI jhwz BwVy 'qy lYx leIAwiKAw[ AwiKr BweI swihb ny Syr idlI idKweI Aqy jrmn dyeyjMt XUny dI m`dd nwl kwmwgwtw mwrU, jpwnI jhwz (KomagataMaru) BwvyN jhwz dw Asl nW qW komwgwtw mwrU sI pr pMjwbI dyis`Dy l&jW iv`c ies nUM lok kwmwgwtw mwrU kihx l`g pey) Cy mhInyleI ikrwey qy lY ilAw[ ies jhwz dw ikrwieAw 11 hzwr fwlr(hWgkWg) pRqI mhInw dyxw qih hoieAw[

kMm dI sMpUrnqw leI gurid`q isMG ny BweI dljIq isMG aurPrwey isMG vsnIk kwaunI (ijlHw iProzpur) nUM Awpxw in`jI shwiek

Aqy BweI bIr isMG nUM ijhVy kot BweI dy nzdIk pYNdy ipMf gurUsrdy sn nUM juAwieMt sk`qr r`K ilAw[ ieh dono pVHy ilKy hox krkyBweI gurid`q isMG dy kMm-kwz, bYNk dw ihswb-ikqwb, ieSiqhwrk`Fx, jhwz dIAW itktW vycx Awid dw kMm krdy rhy[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwzkwmwgwtw mwrU (Komagata Maru) kolw Fox vwlw jpwnI stIm

lweInr jhwz sI[ ies nUM glwsgo iv`c sMn 1890 nUM jrmn kMpnIleI bxwieAw sI[ crls konyl AY~f kMpnI (Charles Conell &Company) ny 13 Agsq 1890 nUM ieh jhwz smuMdr 'c TyilHAwsI[ ieh jhwz 392 Pu`t lMbw sI Aqy ies iv`c iqMn hjwr tn mwll`idAw jw skdw sI[ ieh ie`k GMty iv`c qkrIbn 20 iklomItr dIdUrI qih kr skdw sI[ pihlW pihl ies dw mwlk isinAweIkweIsn goSI kYsIAw jpwnI sI[ iPr ies dy mwlk do jrmn AY~s.AY~s. st`bnhk Aqy AY~s. AY~s. issInIAw bx gey, Bwv ienHW dynW qy ieh jhwz cldw sI[ jdoN srdwr gurid`q isMG ny ikrwey 'qyilAw qW aus vkq ieh ie`k jpwnI kMpnI kol sI Aqy ies dw nWkwmwgwtw mwrU sI[ srdwr swihb ny Awpxy koloN 2500 fwlr ^rcky ies dI murMmq Aqy sPweI krweI[ ies iv`c bYTx leI l`kVIdy bYNc lgvwey Aqy AwrzI qOr qy ml-mUqrKwny bxvwey[ hWgkWgqoN rvwnw hox qoN pihlW ies dw nW 'gurU nwnk jhwz' r`iKAw[ iesjhwz dw ieMspYktr ryf AY~c. AY~c. stIvn sI Aqy kYptn vwltrhoz sI[ q`QW Anuswr 1924 iv`c ies jhwz dw nW 'hIAW mwrU' sI[Bwv ies dw nW keI vwr bdilAw[

iemIgRySn kwnUMn iv`c dubwrw qbdIlIAW krnwBwvyN pihlW vwlIAW SrqW pUrIAW krn leI B`j-dOV kr ky

BweI gurid`q isMG ny jhwz qW BwVy 'qy kr ilAw[ pr aunHW idnWiv`c sMcwr swDn ieqny qyj nw hox kwrn iemIgRySn ivBwg v`loNpihlW nwloN hor kIqIAW qbdIlIAW bwry Swied BweI swihb nUM pqwnw l`igAw hovy[

(48) (49)

cI& jsits hMtr dy PYsly, jo aus ny 24 nvMbr 1913 nUMsuxwieAw Aqy ijs Anuswr 35 muswPrW nUM kYnyfw iv`c dwKlw imligAw sI, kYnyfIAn srkwr ny 200 fwlr Aqy is`Dy s&r dI sUrqvwly donW PurmwnW nUM soD ky dubwrw iliKAw[ AwrzI qOr qy kMmclwaux leI kYbint ny 8 dsMbr 1913 nUM Dwrw P.C. 2462 dw nvWAwrfr-ien-kONsl jwrI kIqw[ ies Anuswr ibRitS kolMbIAw dIAWqkrIbn swrIAW bMdrgwhW 'qy mzdUrW Aqy kwrIgrW dw dwKlw 31mwwrc 1914 q`k bMd kr id`qw [ iPr 7 jnvrI 1914 nUM auprokqdonW SrqW dy pihly PurmwnW iv`c qbdIlI krky Awrfr–ien-kONsl nvyN rUp iv`c &.C. 23 Aqy &.C. 24 bxw id`qy[ pihly vwlwAwrjI Purmwn ijs iv`c mzdUrW Aqy kwrIgrW 'qy kYnyfw phuMcx 'qypwbMdI sI 31 mwrc 1914 qoN &.C. 897 bx igAw[ ies nvyN kwnUMndw Asl mksd ihMdusqwnIAW dy dwKly pRqI pwbMdI sI[ ikauNikieh pwbMdI aunHW pYsyiPk q`t bMdrgwhW 'qy hI lweI geI sI ij`QyihMdusqwnIAW dy pu`jx dw fr sI[ AYtlWitk q`t dIAW bMdrgwhWau~qy ij`Qy XUrp vwsI pujdy sn ieh pwbMdI nhIN sI lweI geI[ ieM\ieh nvW Purmwn nslvwdI ivqkry BrpUr sI[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz hWgkWg qoN qorn leIiqAwrIAW AwrMB

BweI gurid`q isMG jI ny auprokq jhwz ijs ny is`Dw kwnUMnmuqwbk kYnyfw phuMcxw sI bwry ie`k ieSiqhwr CpwieAw ijhVwAKbwrW iv`c id`qw Aqy pMjwb dy ipMfW iv`c vI kMDW 'qy lwaux leIByijAw[ ies ieSiqhwr dy Sbd sn:

KuSKbrI

vDweI! vDweI! vDweI!

ieh ^br BwrqIAW v`loN KuSI nwl pVHI jwvygI ik ^wlsw pMQv`loN gurU dI ikrpw duAwrw gurU nwnk stImiSp kMpnI sQwpq kIqIgeI hY[ ies kMpnI vloN pihlw jhwz kwmwgwtw mwrU ikrwey 'qy lYilAw igAw hY, jo 28 mwrc 1914 nUM kYnyfw leI rvwnw hovygw[ ieh

bhuq v`fy mwx dI g`l hY Aqy mYN ies mhwn kwrobwr dI smUh BwrqIlokW nUM vDweI idMdw hW[

Awp dw dwsgurid`q isMG

ies ieSiqhwr nUM pVH ky cldy pujdy GrW vwly syvw mukq hoey&OjI mzdUrI krn leI kYnyfw jwx nUM iqAwr ho gey[ BweI gurid`qisMG, BweI dljIq isMG Aqy BweI bIr isMG hWgkWg dy gurduAwryiv`c Tihry hoey sn[ BweI dljIq isMG ny srdwr swihb dy aupdyS'qy kYnyfw jwx leI itktW vyc ky musw&rW dI ilst iqAwr kIqI[brqwnIAW hkUmq BweI gurid`q isMG dI hr kwrvweI 'qy krVInzr r`K rhI sI[ kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dy Awly-duAwly pulIs dwpihrw lgw idqw[ hWgkWg dI pulIs ny muswPrW nUM frwauxw DmkwauxwSurU kr id`qw[

jhwz dIAW igAwrW igAwrW hjwr fwlr dIAW do ikSqWBweI swihb ny auqwr id`qIAW sn[ jhwz qurn qoN pihlW is`KImirXwdw Anuswr AKMf pwT dw Bog gurU Gr swihb ivKy pwieAwigAw[ jhwz ny hWgkWg qoN 30 mwrc 1914 nUM kYnyfw vl c`lxw sIpr pulIs ny srdwr gurid`q isMG nUM gYr kwnUMnI FMg nwl itktWvycx dw kys pw ky ihrwsq 'c lY ilAw[ ies qoN ielwvw srkwr nyhWgkWg dy gvrnr qoN rwhdwrI hwsl krn Aqy jhwz leIsrtIiPkyt dyx iv`c vI AiVkw pwieAw[

ikauNik srdwr swihb dI igRPqwrI ie`k swijS ADIn kIqIgeI sI ies leI iqMn idn ip`CoN 28 mwrc nUM zmwnq qy irhw krid`qw[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dI hWgkWg qoN rvwngIhWgkWg dw gvrnr cwhuMdw sI ik kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM

hWgkWg qoN c`lx hI nw id`qw jwvy[ aus ny do qwrW kYnyfw dy gvrnrjnrl nUM ByjIAW qW ik srkwr dI kwnUMnI jwxkwrI pRwpq ho skypr kYnyfw v`loN koeI jwxkwrI nw imlI [ iesy dOrwn srdwr gurid`qisMG ny hWgkWg dI ie`k kwnUMnI &rm qoN jhwz dy kYnyfw ivc dwKly

(50) (51)

cI& jsits hMtr dy PYsly, jo aus ny 24 nvMbr 1913 nUMsuxwieAw Aqy ijs Anuswr 35 muswPrW nUM kYnyfw iv`c dwKlw imligAw sI, kYnyfIAn srkwr ny 200 fwlr Aqy is`Dy s&r dI sUrqvwly donW PurmwnW nUM soD ky dubwrw iliKAw[ AwrzI qOr qy kMmclwaux leI kYbint ny 8 dsMbr 1913 nUM Dwrw P.C. 2462 dw nvWAwrfr-ien-kONsl jwrI kIqw[ ies Anuswr ibRitS kolMbIAw dIAWqkrIbn swrIAW bMdrgwhW 'qy mzdUrW Aqy kwrIgrW dw dwKlw 31mwwrc 1914 q`k bMd kr id`qw [ iPr 7 jnvrI 1914 nUM auprokqdonW SrqW dy pihly PurmwnW iv`c qbdIlI krky Awrfr–ien-kONsl nvyN rUp iv`c &.C. 23 Aqy &.C. 24 bxw id`qy[ pihly vwlwAwrjI Purmwn ijs iv`c mzdUrW Aqy kwrIgrW 'qy kYnyfw phuMcx 'qypwbMdI sI 31 mwrc 1914 qoN &.C. 897 bx igAw[ ies nvyN kwnUMndw Asl mksd ihMdusqwnIAW dy dwKly pRqI pwbMdI sI[ ikauNikieh pwbMdI aunHW pYsyiPk q`t bMdrgwhW 'qy hI lweI geI sI ij`QyihMdusqwnIAW dy pu`jx dw fr sI[ AYtlWitk q`t dIAW bMdrgwhWau~qy ij`Qy XUrp vwsI pujdy sn ieh pwbMdI nhIN sI lweI geI[ ieM\ieh nvW Purmwn nslvwdI ivqkry BrpUr sI[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz hWgkWg qoN qorn leIiqAwrIAW AwrMB

BweI gurid`q isMG jI ny auprokq jhwz ijs ny is`Dw kwnUMnmuqwbk kYnyfw phuMcxw sI bwry ie`k ieSiqhwr CpwieAw ijhVwAKbwrW iv`c id`qw Aqy pMjwb dy ipMfW iv`c vI kMDW 'qy lwaux leIByijAw[ ies ieSiqhwr dy Sbd sn:

KuSKbrI

vDweI! vDweI! vDweI!

ieh ^br BwrqIAW v`loN KuSI nwl pVHI jwvygI ik ^wlsw pMQv`loN gurU dI ikrpw duAwrw gurU nwnk stImiSp kMpnI sQwpq kIqIgeI hY[ ies kMpnI vloN pihlw jhwz kwmwgwtw mwrU ikrwey 'qy lYilAw igAw hY, jo 28 mwrc 1914 nUM kYnyfw leI rvwnw hovygw[ ieh

bhuq v`fy mwx dI g`l hY Aqy mYN ies mhwn kwrobwr dI smUh BwrqIlokW nUM vDweI idMdw hW[

Awp dw dwsgurid`q isMG

ies ieSiqhwr nUM pVH ky cldy pujdy GrW vwly syvw mukq hoey&OjI mzdUrI krn leI kYnyfw jwx nUM iqAwr ho gey[ BweI gurid`qisMG, BweI dljIq isMG Aqy BweI bIr isMG hWgkWg dy gurduAwryiv`c Tihry hoey sn[ BweI dljIq isMG ny srdwr swihb dy aupdyS'qy kYnyfw jwx leI itktW vyc ky musw&rW dI ilst iqAwr kIqI[brqwnIAW hkUmq BweI gurid`q isMG dI hr kwrvweI 'qy krVInzr r`K rhI sI[ kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dy Awly-duAwly pulIs dwpihrw lgw idqw[ hWgkWg dI pulIs ny muswPrW nUM frwauxw DmkwauxwSurU kr id`qw[

jhwz dIAW igAwrW igAwrW hjwr fwlr dIAW do ikSqWBweI swihb ny auqwr id`qIAW sn[ jhwz qurn qoN pihlW is`KImirXwdw Anuswr AKMf pwT dw Bog gurU Gr swihb ivKy pwieAwigAw[ jhwz ny hWgkWg qoN 30 mwrc 1914 nUM kYnyfw vl c`lxw sIpr pulIs ny srdwr gurid`q isMG nUM gYr kwnUMnI FMg nwl itktWvycx dw kys pw ky ihrwsq 'c lY ilAw[ ies qoN ielwvw srkwr nyhWgkWg dy gvrnr qoN rwhdwrI hwsl krn Aqy jhwz leIsrtIiPkyt dyx iv`c vI AiVkw pwieAw[

ikauNik srdwr swihb dI igRPqwrI ie`k swijS ADIn kIqIgeI sI ies leI iqMn idn ip`CoN 28 mwrc nUM zmwnq qy irhw krid`qw[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dI hWgkWg qoN rvwngIhWgkWg dw gvrnr cwhuMdw sI ik kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM

hWgkWg qoN c`lx hI nw id`qw jwvy[ aus ny do qwrW kYnyfw dy gvrnrjnrl nUM ByjIAW qW ik srkwr dI kwnUMnI jwxkwrI pRwpq ho skypr kYnyfw v`loN koeI jwxkwrI nw imlI [ iesy dOrwn srdwr gurid`qisMG ny hWgkWg dI ie`k kwnUMnI &rm qoN jhwz dy kYnyfw ivc dwKly

(50) (51)

leI jwxkwrI leI[ srdwr swihb nUM kwnUMnI AiVky dw fr zrUr sI[&rm dy jhwz dy mwhrW ny ilK ky ieh ivcwr idqy:

‘A`j qusIN swfI kMpnI pwsoN ieh jwnxw cwihAw hY ik BwrqIAWnUM kYnyfw AMdr dwKl hox leI kI kwnUMnI rokW hn? swfy Anuswrij`Qy q`k hWgkWg dI klonI dw sMbMD hY jy ieh AwdmI iksy BwVy dymzdUrI smJOqy Anuswr nhIN jw rhy qW aunHW nUM kYnyfw jwx leI koeIkwnUMnI rokW nhIN hn'[

&rm dy ienHW ivcwrW nwl srdwr gurid`q isMG nUM jhwz qornleI auqSwh iml igAw[ dUjy pwsy hWgkWg dy gvrnr v`loN jhwz nUM6 idn rokx ip`CoN qurn leI hrI JMfI dy id`qI geI ikauNik aus nUMkYnyfw qoN koeI au~qr nhIN sI imilAw[ AKIr 4 ApRYl 1914 nUMjhwz kYnyfw leI c`l ipAw[ jhwz c`lx qoN pihlW Ardws krkyygurU gRMQ swihb jI dI bIV pUrn gur mirXwdw nwl jhwz AMdriljweI geI qW ik rsqy iv`c pwT Aqy kIrqn vI kIqw jw sky[hWgkWg qoN 165 muswPr cVHy sn[ iPr SMGweI qoN 111, mojI qoN 86,Xokohwmw qoN 14 ieM\ imlw ky kul 376 muswPr ho gey sn (gurcrnisMG sihMsrw ny gdr pwrtI dy ieiqhws vwlI AwpxI ikqwb ivcieh igxqI ilKI hY[ muswPrW ivc do iesqrIAW Aqy cwr bcy sn[ieh dovyN iesqrIAW fwktr rGUnwQ isMG dIAW pqnIAW sn[

mojI dI bMdrgwh qoN srdwr gurid`q isMG ny 1500 tn kolwkYnyfw ivKy vycx leI ldvwieAw[ srdwr swihb cwhuMdy sn ikvwpsI smyN ibRitS kolMbIAw qoN pUrbI dySW iv`c vycx leI l`kVIl`d ky ilAwvWgy[ ie`k soc Anuswr ieh kolw aunHW ny vpwrI dy qOrqy KRIidAw[ ies iv`c kwnUMnI Byd vI sI ik vpwrI hox dy nwqy kYnyfwsrkwr mYnUM AMdr jwx qoN rok nhIN skdI[ Xokohwmw qoN 3 meI1914 nUM jhwz c`ilAw sI[

jdoN jhwz hWgkWg qoN c`ilAw qW jrmn dI qwr kMpnI nyjrmn pRYs nUM ieh ^br Byj id`qI ik ihMdusqwnI vYnkUvr v`l nUMrvwnw ho cu`ky hn[ iesy qrHW hWgkWg dy gvrnr ny kYnyfw dygvrnr jnrl nUM 6 ApRYl vwly idn qwr rwhIN kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwzdy c`lx bwry sUicq kr id`qw sI Aqy qwr dy l&z sn:

'myrI 6 ApRYl vwlI qwr Anuswr kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz SMGweI,nwgwswkI qy XukohwmW qoN hor musw&r lYNdw irhw hY Aqy aumId hY ik30 ApRYl nUM jhwz vYnkUvr phuMc jwvygw[ gurid`q isMG dI Bwvnw hYik auh BwrqIAW dy dwKly leI kwnUMnI shwrw lvygw[ auprMq iehvI sMBv ho skdw hY ik auh klk`qy qoN vYnkUvr q`k is`DI jhwzI syvwSurU kr dyvy[ ies jhwz dy swry musw&r KyqIbwVI krn vwly lokhn'[

ibRitS kolMbIAw dy AKbwrW ny jhwz phuMcx qoN pihlW hI lyKilKxy SurU kr id`qy ijnHW dy isrlyK sn 'ihMdUAW dw kYnyfw iv`cGusxw'[ bI. sI. dy AiDkwrIAW ny AKbwrW dIAW brW pRqI qqkwlieh AwiKAw, “ihMdUAW nUM kYnyfw dI DrqI 'qy auqrn dI kdy vIAwigAw nhIN id`qI jwvygI”[ srkwr dw ieh ruk dyK ky kYnyfw 'crih rhy BwrqIAW ny Aw rhy musw&rW leI Xog shwieqw dyx leIgurduAwirAW iv`c iek`qr ho ky ivcwrW SurU kr id`qIAW sn[

Awpxw 48 idn dw s&r pUrw krky 21 meI 1914 nUM kwmwgwtwmwrU jhwz 376 musw&r lY ky Swm dy smyN ivktorIAw nzdIk phuMcigAw[ ivktorIAw dI bMdrgwh 'qy mYfIkl A&srW ny muswPrW dwsrIrk muAwienw kIqw Aqy jhwz iv`c aunHW dy rihx vwlI jgHw dyKky sB TIk hY, ilK id`qw[ ivktorIAw dI bMdrgwh 'qy ivktorIAwtweImz AKbwr vwilAW ny jhwz dy musw&rW nwl imlxI kIqI Aqy^br CwpI, 'jhwz dy musw&r BWq BWq dy rMgW dIAW dsqwrW bMnHIPurqI nwl ieDr auDr jw rhy sn[ kuJ ku muswPrW ny XUrpInilbws, keIAW ny kOmI ilbws Aqy keIAW ny &OjI vrdIAW pihnIAWhoeIAW sn[ muslmwnW ny isrW qy topIAW sjweIAW hoeIAW sn[…aunHW dy k`d lMby Aqy mu`KVy suMdr sn Aqy bI.sI. dy mOjUdw rih rhypMjwbIAW qoN vI cMgI nsl dy AwdmI jwpdy sn[ …. ienHW iv`ckeI AMgryzI 'c glbwq krn iv`c vI mwhr sn[’ (ivktorIAwtweImz meI 23, 1914)[

Agly idn 22 meI nUM jhwz vYnkuvr v`l c`l ipAw[ jhwzc`lx qoN 2 idn pihlW XUnweIitf ieMfIAw lIg dy pRDwn husYn rhImAqy sk`qr rwjw isMG ny ie`k ikSqI ikrwey 'qy kIqI Aqy AwpxI

(52) (53)

leI jwxkwrI leI[ srdwr swihb nUM kwnUMnI AiVky dw fr zrUr sI[&rm dy jhwz dy mwhrW ny ilK ky ieh ivcwr idqy:

‘A`j qusIN swfI kMpnI pwsoN ieh jwnxw cwihAw hY ik BwrqIAWnUM kYnyfw AMdr dwKl hox leI kI kwnUMnI rokW hn? swfy Anuswrij`Qy q`k hWgkWg dI klonI dw sMbMD hY jy ieh AwdmI iksy BwVy dymzdUrI smJOqy Anuswr nhIN jw rhy qW aunHW nUM kYnyfw jwx leI koeIkwnUMnI rokW nhIN hn'[

&rm dy ienHW ivcwrW nwl srdwr gurid`q isMG nUM jhwz qornleI auqSwh iml igAw[ dUjy pwsy hWgkWg dy gvrnr v`loN jhwz nUM6 idn rokx ip`CoN qurn leI hrI JMfI dy id`qI geI ikauNik aus nUMkYnyfw qoN koeI au~qr nhIN sI imilAw[ AKIr 4 ApRYl 1914 nUMjhwz kYnyfw leI c`l ipAw[ jhwz c`lx qoN pihlW Ardws krkyygurU gRMQ swihb jI dI bIV pUrn gur mirXwdw nwl jhwz AMdriljweI geI qW ik rsqy iv`c pwT Aqy kIrqn vI kIqw jw sky[hWgkWg qoN 165 muswPr cVHy sn[ iPr SMGweI qoN 111, mojI qoN 86,Xokohwmw qoN 14 ieM\ imlw ky kul 376 muswPr ho gey sn (gurcrnisMG sihMsrw ny gdr pwrtI dy ieiqhws vwlI AwpxI ikqwb ivcieh igxqI ilKI hY[ muswPrW ivc do iesqrIAW Aqy cwr bcy sn[ieh dovyN iesqrIAW fwktr rGUnwQ isMG dIAW pqnIAW sn[

mojI dI bMdrgwh qoN srdwr gurid`q isMG ny 1500 tn kolwkYnyfw ivKy vycx leI ldvwieAw[ srdwr swihb cwhuMdy sn ikvwpsI smyN ibRitS kolMbIAw qoN pUrbI dySW iv`c vycx leI l`kVIl`d ky ilAwvWgy[ ie`k soc Anuswr ieh kolw aunHW ny vpwrI dy qOrqy KRIidAw[ ies iv`c kwnUMnI Byd vI sI ik vpwrI hox dy nwqy kYnyfwsrkwr mYnUM AMdr jwx qoN rok nhIN skdI[ Xokohwmw qoN 3 meI1914 nUM jhwz c`ilAw sI[

jdoN jhwz hWgkWg qoN c`ilAw qW jrmn dI qwr kMpnI nyjrmn pRYs nUM ieh ^br Byj id`qI ik ihMdusqwnI vYnkUvr v`l nUMrvwnw ho cu`ky hn[ iesy qrHW hWgkWg dy gvrnr ny kYnyfw dygvrnr jnrl nUM 6 ApRYl vwly idn qwr rwhIN kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwzdy c`lx bwry sUicq kr id`qw sI Aqy qwr dy l&z sn:

'myrI 6 ApRYl vwlI qwr Anuswr kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz SMGweI,nwgwswkI qy XukohwmW qoN hor musw&r lYNdw irhw hY Aqy aumId hY ik30 ApRYl nUM jhwz vYnkUvr phuMc jwvygw[ gurid`q isMG dI Bwvnw hYik auh BwrqIAW dy dwKly leI kwnUMnI shwrw lvygw[ auprMq iehvI sMBv ho skdw hY ik auh klk`qy qoN vYnkUvr q`k is`DI jhwzI syvwSurU kr dyvy[ ies jhwz dy swry musw&r KyqIbwVI krn vwly lokhn'[

ibRitS kolMbIAw dy AKbwrW ny jhwz phuMcx qoN pihlW hI lyKilKxy SurU kr id`qy ijnHW dy isrlyK sn 'ihMdUAW dw kYnyfw iv`cGusxw'[ bI. sI. dy AiDkwrIAW ny AKbwrW dIAW brW pRqI qqkwlieh AwiKAw, “ihMdUAW nUM kYnyfw dI DrqI 'qy auqrn dI kdy vIAwigAw nhIN id`qI jwvygI”[ srkwr dw ieh ruk dyK ky kYnyfw 'crih rhy BwrqIAW ny Aw rhy musw&rW leI Xog shwieqw dyx leIgurduAwirAW iv`c iek`qr ho ky ivcwrW SurU kr id`qIAW sn[

Awpxw 48 idn dw s&r pUrw krky 21 meI 1914 nUM kwmwgwtwmwrU jhwz 376 musw&r lY ky Swm dy smyN ivktorIAw nzdIk phuMcigAw[ ivktorIAw dI bMdrgwh 'qy mYfIkl A&srW ny muswPrW dwsrIrk muAwienw kIqw Aqy jhwz iv`c aunHW dy rihx vwlI jgHw dyKky sB TIk hY, ilK id`qw[ ivktorIAw dI bMdrgwh 'qy ivktorIAwtweImz AKbwr vwilAW ny jhwz dy musw&rW nwl imlxI kIqI Aqy^br CwpI, 'jhwz dy musw&r BWq BWq dy rMgW dIAW dsqwrW bMnHIPurqI nwl ieDr auDr jw rhy sn[ kuJ ku muswPrW ny XUrpInilbws, keIAW ny kOmI ilbws Aqy keIAW ny &OjI vrdIAW pihnIAWhoeIAW sn[ muslmwnW ny isrW qy topIAW sjweIAW hoeIAW sn[…aunHW dy k`d lMby Aqy mu`KVy suMdr sn Aqy bI.sI. dy mOjUdw rih rhypMjwbIAW qoN vI cMgI nsl dy AwdmI jwpdy sn[ …. ienHW iv`ckeI AMgryzI 'c glbwq krn iv`c vI mwhr sn[’ (ivktorIAwtweImz meI 23, 1914)[

Agly idn 22 meI nUM jhwz vYnkuvr v`l c`l ipAw[ jhwzc`lx qoN 2 idn pihlW XUnweIitf ieMfIAw lIg dy pRDwn husYn rhImAqy sk`qr rwjw isMG ny ie`k ikSqI ikrwey 'qy kIqI Aqy AwpxI

(52) (53)

jwn nUM joKm iv`c pw ky kwmwgwtw mwrU nUM Bwlx dI koiSS kIqI[aunHWBweI gurid`q isMG nUM d`sxw sI ik qusIN jhwz nUMM AlbrnI bMdrgwhau~qy lvwieau ikauNik bwkI bMdrgwhW 'qy ihMdusqwnIAW dy auqrnleI pwbMdI hY[ srkwr v`loN ilKq iv`c AlbrnI bMdrgwh drzkrnI rih geI sI[ pr husYn rhIm Aqy rwjw isMG dI kIqI koiSSAsPl rhI[ srkwr ny ienHW nUM tYlIPon dI vrqoN vI nw krnid`qI[ cldw jhwz 23 meI 1914 nUM vYnkuvr ivKy bulrf ienlY~tiv`c jw pujw[ AiDkwrIOAW ny jhwz nUM bMdrgwh qoN ie`k mIl htvWsmuMdr iv`c KVHw krvw id`qw[ jhwz duAwly hiQAwrbMd pulIsqwienwq kr id`qI geI[ vYnkUvr dy lokl BwrqIAW nUM vI bMdrgwhdy nyVy jwx qoN rok id`qw[ hor qW hor p`qrkwrW nUM vI jhwz dy koljwx qoN mnHW kr id`qw[ ieh sB kuJ dyK BweI gurid`q isMG ny ienHWs^q rokW Aqy bMdSW ivru`D ros pRgt kIqw pr iemIgRySn A&srmYlkwm rIf ny kIqy ros nUM A`KoN-proKy kr id`qw[ BweI swihb nyiemIgRySn A&sr nUM tYlIPon 'qy ikhw ik ivaupwrI hox dy nwqy mYnUMbMdrgwh 'qy jwx dw h`k hY[ myry jhwz iv`c musw&rW qoN ielwvw kolwvI l`idAw hoieAw hY, auh mYN vycxw hY[ ikRpw krky ies leIiezwzq id`qI jwvy[ pr AiDkwrI ny koeI g`l nw suxI[

vYnkUvr dy kwrporySn Aw& dI hwrbr dy kwnUMnI inXm dIDwrw 14 Anuswr jhwz dw mwlk jW ieMcwrj bMdrgwh dy kimSnrnUM Awp aus kol jw ky ilKqI rUp iv`c jhwz 'c l`dy smwn bwryjwxkwrI idMdw sI[ pr BweI gurid`q isMG nUM ieh vI nw krn id`qwigAw[ aunHW nUM sB muswPrW smyq jhwz iv`c hI bMdI bxw id`qwsI[ ieh hMkwrI soc drswauNdI hY ik iks qrHW bMdw kwnUMNn nUM vIiC`ky 'qy tMg ky bMdy nUM ikvyN bMdI bxw lYNdw hY[ ieh g`l kihxI AqykrnI dy AMqr nUM drswauNdI hY[

ghu nwl mn iv`c socIey ik ienHW musw&rW ijhVy grIbI iv`civcrdy hoey, coKw Dn Krc ky qkrIbn do mhIinAW qoN Awpxy Grbwr C`f ky pyt dI pUrqI leI s`q smuMdr pwr krky kmweI krnAwey sn aunHW dy idlW dI hwlq aus smyN kYsI hovygI? AYsI hwlqiv`c nw Kwx nUM jIA krdw hY, nw nINd ivAwpdI hY, auproN lMby smyN

dI byArwmI Aqy mn 'qy boJ kwrn bMdw mwnoN ijauNdw hI mrn dy qu`lho jWdw hY[ A`j klH dy hwlwqW 'qy nzr mwrIey qW qkrIbn 24 GMty'c AwpW Bwrq qoN hvweI jhwz rwhIN kYnyfw phuMc jWdy hW[ A`goNrihx leI suMdr mkwn, Kwx pIx leI svwidSt Bojn Aqy hrshUlq auplBD huMdI hY[ pr iPr vI bMdw kihMdw hY Qkwvt bhuq hogeI hY Aqy cMgI qrHW TIk Aqy gqISIl hox leI h&qw ds idnl`g jWdy hn[ AKbwrW dIAW KbrW drswauNdIAW hn ik ies du`KdI GVI iv`c vI isMG cVHdI klw iv`c sn ikauNik gurU dw aupdySDwrn krn krky iehnW dw r`b 'qy Brosw sI[ ieh smJdy sI ik jokuJ ho irhw hY r`bI hukm Anuswr hI hY[ dUjw, ienHW iv`c bhuqy syvwmukq &OjI sn ijnHW ny jIvn iv`c bVIAW AOkVW J`lIAW hoeIAWsn[ qIjw, ieh swry KyqIbwVI ik`qy nwl sMbMDq hox krky v`fIAWv`fIAW Aw&qW qoN vI bypRvwh sn[ g`l kI ieh kurbwnI dy puqly,mOq nUM mKOl krn vwly Aqy mrn qoN vI frn vwly nhIN sn[ ienHWdI ie`k hI soc sI ik ij`fI v`fI mrzI kurbwnI dyxI pvy AsINAwaux vwlIAW pIVHIAW leI kYnyfw Awaux dw rsqw KolHxw hY[

musw&rW nUM vwps moVn leIqrHW qrHW dy FMgW dI vrqoN krnI

jy jIvn hY qW sB kuJ hY, jIvn nhIN qW smJo kuJ vI nhIN[jIvn AMn, pwxI dy shwry cldw hY[ Bu`K dw du`K jIvn AMdr qW mOqqoN vI duKdweI hY[ ies leI isAwixAW dw kQn hY, 'mOqoN Bu`K burI'[AOtvw qoN iemIgRySn ivBwg nUM hdwieqW AweIAW ik kwmwgwtw mwrUdy musw&rW q`k bwhroN Bojn, pwxI Aqy dvweI nhIN phuMcxI cwhIdI[ienHW dy mwmly nUM ltkweI r`Ko[ ieM\ ieh Bu`K dy du`KoN ij`DroN Awey hnauDr hI vwps cly jwxgy[ jhwz iv`c pIx vwly pwxI Aqy KwxdIAW vsqW dI Gwt bwry jdoN srdwr dljIq isMG ny imstr rIfnUM sUicq kIqw qW aus ny ieh bwhroN Byjx bwry korw juAwb dy id`qw[au~qr iv`c aus ny ieh vI ikhw ik loVIdIAW cIzW dw pRbMD gurid`qisMG kry ArQwq rihm ies hMkwrI A&sr dy idl 'coN KMB lw kyau~f igAw sI[ bwr bwr bynqI krn 'qy jdoN iksy rihm idl

(54) (55)

jwn nUM joKm iv`c pw ky kwmwgwtw mwrU nUM Bwlx dI koiSS kIqI[aunHWBweI gurid`q isMG nUM d`sxw sI ik qusIN jhwz nUMM AlbrnI bMdrgwhau~qy lvwieau ikauNik bwkI bMdrgwhW 'qy ihMdusqwnIAW dy auqrnleI pwbMdI hY[ srkwr v`loN ilKq iv`c AlbrnI bMdrgwh drzkrnI rih geI sI[ pr husYn rhIm Aqy rwjw isMG dI kIqI koiSSAsPl rhI[ srkwr ny ienHW nUM tYlIPon dI vrqoN vI nw krnid`qI[ cldw jhwz 23 meI 1914 nUM vYnkuvr ivKy bulrf ienlY~tiv`c jw pujw[ AiDkwrIOAW ny jhwz nUM bMdrgwh qoN ie`k mIl htvWsmuMdr iv`c KVHw krvw id`qw[ jhwz duAwly hiQAwrbMd pulIsqwienwq kr id`qI geI[ vYnkUvr dy lokl BwrqIAW nUM vI bMdrgwhdy nyVy jwx qoN rok id`qw[ hor qW hor p`qrkwrW nUM vI jhwz dy koljwx qoN mnHW kr id`qw[ ieh sB kuJ dyK BweI gurid`q isMG ny ienHWs^q rokW Aqy bMdSW ivru`D ros pRgt kIqw pr iemIgRySn A&srmYlkwm rIf ny kIqy ros nUM A`KoN-proKy kr id`qw[ BweI swihb nyiemIgRySn A&sr nUM tYlIPon 'qy ikhw ik ivaupwrI hox dy nwqy mYnUMbMdrgwh 'qy jwx dw h`k hY[ myry jhwz iv`c musw&rW qoN ielwvw kolwvI l`idAw hoieAw hY, auh mYN vycxw hY[ ikRpw krky ies leIiezwzq id`qI jwvy[ pr AiDkwrI ny koeI g`l nw suxI[

vYnkUvr dy kwrporySn Aw& dI hwrbr dy kwnUMnI inXm dIDwrw 14 Anuswr jhwz dw mwlk jW ieMcwrj bMdrgwh dy kimSnrnUM Awp aus kol jw ky ilKqI rUp iv`c jhwz 'c l`dy smwn bwryjwxkwrI idMdw sI[ pr BweI gurid`q isMG nUM ieh vI nw krn id`qwigAw[ aunHW nUM sB muswPrW smyq jhwz iv`c hI bMdI bxw id`qwsI[ ieh hMkwrI soc drswauNdI hY ik iks qrHW bMdw kwnUMNn nUM vIiC`ky 'qy tMg ky bMdy nUM ikvyN bMdI bxw lYNdw hY[ ieh g`l kihxI AqykrnI dy AMqr nUM drswauNdI hY[

ghu nwl mn iv`c socIey ik ienHW musw&rW ijhVy grIbI iv`civcrdy hoey, coKw Dn Krc ky qkrIbn do mhIinAW qoN Awpxy Grbwr C`f ky pyt dI pUrqI leI s`q smuMdr pwr krky kmweI krnAwey sn aunHW dy idlW dI hwlq aus smyN kYsI hovygI? AYsI hwlqiv`c nw Kwx nUM jIA krdw hY, nw nINd ivAwpdI hY, auproN lMby smyN

dI byArwmI Aqy mn 'qy boJ kwrn bMdw mwnoN ijauNdw hI mrn dy qu`lho jWdw hY[ A`j klH dy hwlwqW 'qy nzr mwrIey qW qkrIbn 24 GMty'c AwpW Bwrq qoN hvweI jhwz rwhIN kYnyfw phuMc jWdy hW[ A`goNrihx leI suMdr mkwn, Kwx pIx leI svwidSt Bojn Aqy hrshUlq auplBD huMdI hY[ pr iPr vI bMdw kihMdw hY Qkwvt bhuq hogeI hY Aqy cMgI qrHW TIk Aqy gqISIl hox leI h&qw ds idnl`g jWdy hn[ AKbwrW dIAW KbrW drswauNdIAW hn ik ies du`KdI GVI iv`c vI isMG cVHdI klw iv`c sn ikauNik gurU dw aupdySDwrn krn krky iehnW dw r`b 'qy Brosw sI[ ieh smJdy sI ik jokuJ ho irhw hY r`bI hukm Anuswr hI hY[ dUjw, ienHW iv`c bhuqy syvwmukq &OjI sn ijnHW ny jIvn iv`c bVIAW AOkVW J`lIAW hoeIAWsn[ qIjw, ieh swry KyqIbwVI ik`qy nwl sMbMDq hox krky v`fIAWv`fIAW Aw&qW qoN vI bypRvwh sn[ g`l kI ieh kurbwnI dy puqly,mOq nUM mKOl krn vwly Aqy mrn qoN vI frn vwly nhIN sn[ ienHWdI ie`k hI soc sI ik ij`fI v`fI mrzI kurbwnI dyxI pvy AsINAwaux vwlIAW pIVHIAW leI kYnyfw Awaux dw rsqw KolHxw hY[

musw&rW nUM vwps moVn leIqrHW qrHW dy FMgW dI vrqoN krnI

jy jIvn hY qW sB kuJ hY, jIvn nhIN qW smJo kuJ vI nhIN[jIvn AMn, pwxI dy shwry cldw hY[ Bu`K dw du`K jIvn AMdr qW mOqqoN vI duKdweI hY[ ies leI isAwixAW dw kQn hY, 'mOqoN Bu`K burI'[AOtvw qoN iemIgRySn ivBwg nUM hdwieqW AweIAW ik kwmwgwtw mwrUdy musw&rW q`k bwhroN Bojn, pwxI Aqy dvweI nhIN phuMcxI cwhIdI[ienHW dy mwmly nUM ltkweI r`Ko[ ieM\ ieh Bu`K dy du`KoN ij`DroN Awey hnauDr hI vwps cly jwxgy[ jhwz iv`c pIx vwly pwxI Aqy KwxdIAW vsqW dI Gwt bwry jdoN srdwr dljIq isMG ny imstr rIfnUM sUicq kIqw qW aus ny ieh bwhroN Byjx bwry korw juAwb dy id`qw[au~qr iv`c aus ny ieh vI ikhw ik loVIdIAW cIzW dw pRbMD gurid`qisMG kry ArQwq rihm ies hMkwrI A&sr dy idl 'coN KMB lw kyau~f igAw sI[ bwr bwr bynqI krn 'qy jdoN iksy rihm idl

(54) (55)

ivAkqI ny rIf nUM vsqW phuMcw dyx leI AwiKAw qW A`goN ieh g`lAwKI, 'imstr hwpiknsn iksy bMdy nwl jw ky pRbMD kr dvy'[imstr hwpiknsn qW musw&rW dy mUloN ivroDI sI[ srkwrI ruk dyKky musw&rW ny Bu`K hVqwl kr id`qI[ ieh dyK imstr rIf ny ikhw,“Kwx pIx dIAW vsqW lYx leI BweI gurid`q isMG Aqy BweIdljIq isMG qoN ibnW hor iksy bMdy nUM ByijAw jw skdw hY[ nwlieh vI ikhw ik jy auh sihmq hox qW fwktr rGUnwQ isMG nUM Byjskdy hn[ ies Brosy qy hVqwl qm kIqI geI[ ies qoN jwpdw hYik srdwr gurid`q isMG Aqy dljIq isMG nUM ies leI bwhr AwauxdI iezwzq nhIN sI dy rhy ik bwhr jw ky ieh kwnUMn dI shwieqw nwlY lYx[ imstr rIf guridq isMG nUM ies krky vI bwhr Awaux qoNrok irhw sI ik ikqy ieh kolw vyc ky jhwz dI ikSq nw auqwr dvy[auh ies gl qoN vI frdw sI ik guridq isMG kYnyfw dy isK nyqwvW qoNbwhr Aw ky aunHW vloN iekqr kIqI mwieAw nw pRwpq kr lvy[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM D`ky nwl au~Qy roikAw igAw sI ij`QysmuMdr dw pwxI bhuq fUMGw sI Aqy ieh jgHw vI bMdrgwh qoN dUrsI[ ieh ies leI ik iksy iksm dw sMprk nw ho sky[ ie`k pwsypulIs ienHW v`l bMdUkW qwxI KVHI sI Aqy auhnW nUM dbkw Dmkw rhIsI qy iksy vI BwrqI nUM jhwz dy nyVy qyVy vI Fu`kx nhIN sI dy rhI[jd ik dUjy pwsy mYlkwm rIf goirAW nUM BVkw ky AwpxI mOjUdgIiv`c aunHW qoN musw&rW ivru`D nwArybwjI krvwauNdw sI ijs dISbdwvlI sI, 'ienHW mMgiqAW nUM gMgw v`l vwps moVo'[ A^bwrWvwilAW ny vI ienHW ivru`D bhuq GtIAw surKIAW CwpIAW ijvy, 'ihMdUhmlwvr Sihr dI bMdrgwh 'qy phuMc gey'[AYsIAW byQvIAW, GtIAw,nIc Aqy prjw nUM BVkwaux vwlIAW ilKqW pVHy ilKy A^bwrW dyAYfItrW leI nhIN sn soBdIAW[ ieh qW 'piVHAw mUrK AwKIey'vwlI g`l hY[

kwnUMnI shwieqw leI srdwr im`q isMG pMforI ny vkIl jy.AYfvrf brf nUM sUicq kIqw Aqy AwiKAw ik musw&rW nUM jbrIrokx Aqy jhwz iv`c hI bMdI bxw ky r`Kx ivru`D kys kro[ kysiqAwr krn leI imstr brf ny iemIgRySn AiDkwrIAW nUM ArzIid`qI ik mYN ihMdusqwn qoN Awey musw&rW nUM imlxw cwhuMdw hW[ pr

vkIl brf nUM juAwb id`qw[ aus ny ikhw, “aunHW nUM Av``S hI dySinkwlw dyxw hY”[

vkIl ny 24 meI 1914 nUM jo ibAwn id`qw auh A^bwrWvwilAW ny CwipAw:

'iemIgRySn mihkmy vwly Awpxy AiDkwrW dI durvrqoN kr rhyhn Aqy rUs dI srkwr vwly qrIky vrq ky brqwnvI prjw nUM jbrIdw^l hox qoN rokdy hn[ ijvyN ieh AiDkwrI kwmwgwtw mwrU dymusw&rW nwl vrqw kr rhy hn, ienHW nUM koeI vI kwnUMn Aijhw krndI AwigAw nhIN idMdw[ ienHW ny jhwz dy Awly-duAwly hiQAwr bMdpulIs dw pihrw lgw id`qw, ieh nw iksy nUM jhwz 'qy cVHn idMdy hnAqy nw hI iksy nUM jhwz qoN bwhr Awaux dI AwigAw idMdy hn[(PrmwntY~f vweIt, mYnz kMtrI pMnw 26-27)[

Awpxy 27 jUn 1914 vwly BwSn, jo brf ny ihMdusqwnIAW dyiek`T nUM fumInIAn hwl vYnkUvr iv`c id`qw sI bVy sw& l&jW iv`cAwiKAw, 'kYnyfw srkwr dw ivDwn kyvl idmwgI qOr qy bImwr,vysvwvW, vysvwvW qoN DMdw krwaux vwilAW Aqy mMgiqAW nUM dwKlhox dI iejwzq nhIN idMdw[ horW leI koeI mnwhI nhIN'[

aunHW A`gy bolidAW AwiKAw, “jYNtlmY~n, mYN jhwz 'qy jwx dIkoiSS krdw irhw hW pr mYnUM iemIgRySn A&sr imstr nYlisn nyAwiKAw ik jy mYN jhwz qy jwx vwly plyt Pwrm qy pYr r`iKAw qWauh mYnUM smuMdr iv`c su`t dyvygw[ jd ik jhwz dy ptydwr gurid`qisMG v`loN jhwz 'qy jwx dw AiDkwr id`qw igAw sI”[

brf ny ieh vI AwiKAw, “jYNtlmY~n, mYN mihsUs krdw hW ikieh bhuq mnhUs, GtIAw Aqy mwVI g`l vwpr rhI hY[ Prz kroik kYnyfw dy jMmpl lok jykr ihMdusqwn jw ky rihx leI aunHW dydrvwzy KVkw rhy hox Aqy aunHW nwl ieho ijhw slUk hovy jo kwmwgwtwmwrU dy musw&rW nwl ho irhw hY qW kI hovygw? swfy kol qu&wnauTwieAw jwvygw, cIk-ichwVw pwieAw jwvygw Aqy swrI dunIAW nUMsuxwieAw jwvygw[ srkwr dw ieh kihxw ik mYnUM jhwz 'c bYTyihMdUAW nUM imlx dw pUrw pUrw h`k id`qw igAw hY[ pr ieh srwsrJUT hY[ mYN gurid`q isMG nUM ie`k vwr imilAw hW Aqy auh vI pulIs

(56) (57)

ivAkqI ny rIf nUM vsqW phuMcw dyx leI AwiKAw qW A`goN ieh g`lAwKI, 'imstr hwpiknsn iksy bMdy nwl jw ky pRbMD kr dvy'[imstr hwpiknsn qW musw&rW dy mUloN ivroDI sI[ srkwrI ruk dyKky musw&rW ny Bu`K hVqwl kr id`qI[ ieh dyK imstr rIf ny ikhw,“Kwx pIx dIAW vsqW lYx leI BweI gurid`q isMG Aqy BweIdljIq isMG qoN ibnW hor iksy bMdy nUM ByijAw jw skdw hY[ nwlieh vI ikhw ik jy auh sihmq hox qW fwktr rGUnwQ isMG nUM Byjskdy hn[ ies Brosy qy hVqwl qm kIqI geI[ ies qoN jwpdw hYik srdwr gurid`q isMG Aqy dljIq isMG nUM ies leI bwhr AwauxdI iezwzq nhIN sI dy rhy ik bwhr jw ky ieh kwnUMn dI shwieqw nwlY lYx[ imstr rIf guridq isMG nUM ies krky vI bwhr Awaux qoNrok irhw sI ik ikqy ieh kolw vyc ky jhwz dI ikSq nw auqwr dvy[auh ies gl qoN vI frdw sI ik guridq isMG kYnyfw dy isK nyqwvW qoNbwhr Aw ky aunHW vloN iekqr kIqI mwieAw nw pRwpq kr lvy[

kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM D`ky nwl au~Qy roikAw igAw sI ij`QysmuMdr dw pwxI bhuq fUMGw sI Aqy ieh jgHw vI bMdrgwh qoN dUrsI[ ieh ies leI ik iksy iksm dw sMprk nw ho sky[ ie`k pwsypulIs ienHW v`l bMdUkW qwxI KVHI sI Aqy auhnW nUM dbkw Dmkw rhIsI qy iksy vI BwrqI nUM jhwz dy nyVy qyVy vI Fu`kx nhIN sI dy rhI[jd ik dUjy pwsy mYlkwm rIf goirAW nUM BVkw ky AwpxI mOjUdgIiv`c aunHW qoN musw&rW ivru`D nwArybwjI krvwauNdw sI ijs dISbdwvlI sI, 'ienHW mMgiqAW nUM gMgw v`l vwps moVo'[ A^bwrWvwilAW ny vI ienHW ivru`D bhuq GtIAw surKIAW CwpIAW ijvy, 'ihMdUhmlwvr Sihr dI bMdrgwh 'qy phuMc gey'[AYsIAW byQvIAW, GtIAw,nIc Aqy prjw nUM BVkwaux vwlIAW ilKqW pVHy ilKy A^bwrW dyAYfItrW leI nhIN sn soBdIAW[ ieh qW 'piVHAw mUrK AwKIey'vwlI g`l hY[

kwnUMnI shwieqw leI srdwr im`q isMG pMforI ny vkIl jy.AYfvrf brf nUM sUicq kIqw Aqy AwiKAw ik musw&rW nUM jbrIrokx Aqy jhwz iv`c hI bMdI bxw ky r`Kx ivru`D kys kro[ kysiqAwr krn leI imstr brf ny iemIgRySn AiDkwrIAW nUM ArzIid`qI ik mYN ihMdusqwn qoN Awey musw&rW nUM imlxw cwhuMdw hW[ pr

vkIl brf nUM juAwb id`qw[ aus ny ikhw, “aunHW nUM Av``S hI dySinkwlw dyxw hY”[

vkIl ny 24 meI 1914 nUM jo ibAwn id`qw auh A^bwrWvwilAW ny CwipAw:

'iemIgRySn mihkmy vwly Awpxy AiDkwrW dI durvrqoN kr rhyhn Aqy rUs dI srkwr vwly qrIky vrq ky brqwnvI prjw nUM jbrIdw^l hox qoN rokdy hn[ ijvyN ieh AiDkwrI kwmwgwtw mwrU dymusw&rW nwl vrqw kr rhy hn, ienHW nUM koeI vI kwnUMn Aijhw krndI AwigAw nhIN idMdw[ ienHW ny jhwz dy Awly-duAwly hiQAwr bMdpulIs dw pihrw lgw id`qw, ieh nw iksy nUM jhwz 'qy cVHn idMdy hnAqy nw hI iksy nUM jhwz qoN bwhr Awaux dI AwigAw idMdy hn[(PrmwntY~f vweIt, mYnz kMtrI pMnw 26-27)[

Awpxy 27 jUn 1914 vwly BwSn, jo brf ny ihMdusqwnIAW dyiek`T nUM fumInIAn hwl vYnkUvr iv`c id`qw sI bVy sw& l&jW iv`cAwiKAw, 'kYnyfw srkwr dw ivDwn kyvl idmwgI qOr qy bImwr,vysvwvW, vysvwvW qoN DMdw krwaux vwilAW Aqy mMgiqAW nUM dwKlhox dI iejwzq nhIN idMdw[ horW leI koeI mnwhI nhIN'[

aunHW A`gy bolidAW AwiKAw, “jYNtlmY~n, mYN jhwz 'qy jwx dIkoiSS krdw irhw hW pr mYnUM iemIgRySn A&sr imstr nYlisn nyAwiKAw ik jy mYN jhwz qy jwx vwly plyt Pwrm qy pYr r`iKAw qWauh mYnUM smuMdr iv`c su`t dyvygw[ jd ik jhwz dy ptydwr gurid`qisMG v`loN jhwz 'qy jwx dw AiDkwr id`qw igAw sI”[

brf ny ieh vI AwiKAw, “jYNtlmY~n, mYN mihsUs krdw hW ikieh bhuq mnhUs, GtIAw Aqy mwVI g`l vwpr rhI hY[ Prz kroik kYnyfw dy jMmpl lok jykr ihMdusqwn jw ky rihx leI aunHW dydrvwzy KVkw rhy hox Aqy aunHW nwl ieho ijhw slUk hovy jo kwmwgwtwmwrU dy musw&rW nwl ho irhw hY qW kI hovygw? swfy kol qu&wnauTwieAw jwvygw, cIk-ichwVw pwieAw jwvygw Aqy swrI dunIAW nUMsuxwieAw jwvygw[ srkwr dw ieh kihxw ik mYnUM jhwz 'c bYTyihMdUAW nUM imlx dw pUrw pUrw h`k id`qw igAw hY[ pr ieh srwsrJUT hY[ mYN gurid`q isMG nUM ie`k vwr imilAw hW Aqy auh vI pulIs

(56) (57)

dI ikSqI iv`c Aqy hiQAwrbMd ivAkqIAW dy Gyry iv`c kyvl ie`kGMty leI[ ieh vI myrI izd krn qy ik aunHW kol mYnUM smuMdr iv`csu`tx qoN bgYr hor koeI swDn nhIN sI rih igAw[ g`lbwq smyN mYnUMie`k ikSqI Aqy gurid`q isMG nUM dUjI ikSqI iv`c bYTwieAw igAwsI[

imstr rIf ny musw&rW dI fwktrI leI fwktrW nUM Awpxyh`Q iv`c ilAw hoieAw sI[ BwvyN swry musw&r ishq p`KoN irSt puStsn pr rIf fwktrW nUM ieh kih ky ik iehnW nUM hu`k vrm (mV`HpW)dI Skwieq hY vwps Byjx 'qy qul igAw sI[ fwktrW nUM Kws hukmid`qy gey ik auh musw&rW dI fwktrI hOlI hOlI krn qW ik ienHW nUM11 jUn q`k jhwz iv`c hI roikAw jw sky[ ienHW musw&rW dIfwktrI leI vI nvyN kwnUMn GVy gey[ pihlW dUjy mulkW qoN Awauxvwly XwqrUAW dI nW-mwqr hI fwktrI huMdI sI pr kwmwgwtw mwrUdy bMidAW leI bhuq izAwdw GoK kIqI jw rhI sI[ Asl iv`c 11jUn jhwz dI ikSq auqwrn dI AwKrI qwrIK sI[

auprokq cwlW qoN ielwvw hwpiknsn ny jwsUsI leI keIgdwr vI r`Ky hoey sn[ iehnW iv`c jhwz dw srzn fwktr rGUnwQisMG vI sI[ srkwr v`loN ienHW jwsUsW nUM mwhvwrI Dn imldw sI[

kYnyfw Aqy hor AsQwnW dy BweIcwry v`loNmusw&rW dI m`dd krnI

sB qoN mu`K g`l jhwz dIAW ikSqW smyN isr auqwrn dI sIijs leI Dn cwhIdw sI[ ies sMbMDI 31 meI nUM husYn rhIm dIprDwngI hyT vYnkUvr dy fumInIAn hwl iv`c ihMdusqwnIAW dIBrvIN sBw hoeI[ ies iv`c Swml sB bMdy roh iv`c sn ikauNik ienHWdy Brw qy BYxW smyq kuJ b`cy bhuq kTnweI iv`c jIvn bqIq kr rhysn[ husYn rhIm ny dovyN h`Q joV inMmRqw sihq Bry ihrdy nwl bynqIkIqI ik ijqny vI BweI vIr hwzr hn swry AwpxI iv`q Anuswrkwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW leI Dn idau[ husYn rhIm dI bynqI suxky sohx isMG pUMnI Anuswr AwpxI kmweI jo ieh ihMdusqwnI, bYNkWdI QW jybW jW p`gW jW GrW iv`c lko ky rKdy sI dyx leI myz v`l

vDx l`gy[ auh pMj, ds qy sO sO fwlrW dy not myz qy r`Kx lgy[ie`k &rwK idl is`K ny 2 hzwr fwlr myz au~pr jw itkwey[ imMtW'c 5 hzwr fwlr kYS iek`Tw ho igAw[ ies mIitMg iv`c 15 mYNbrWdI 'SoAr kmytI' husYn rhIm dI pRDwngI ADIn bxweI geI[keIAW ny vYnkUvr dy nzdIk KrIdIAW hoeIAW AwpxIAW zmInW dy66 hzwr fwlr dI kImq dy tweItl SoAr kmytI nUM dyx dw AYlwnkIqw[ ie`k bMdy ny AwpxI kYnyfw ivclI 6 hzwr fwlr dI zwiedwdkmytI nUM dyx dw vwAdw kIqw[ iesy qrHW keIAW ny ieMfIAw ivclIswrI zmIn jwiedwd kwmwgwtw mwrU dy sMGrS leI dyx dI pySkSkIqI[ ieM\ husYn rhIm ny 10 jUn nUM 11 hzwr fwlr dw cY~k dy kyjhwz dI ikSq auqwr id`qI[ ies ip`CoN 20 jUn nUM husYn rhIm AqyBwg isMG ny bwkI rihMdy 4 hzwr fwlr vI kwmwgwtw mwrU dy mwlkdy eyjMt gwrfnr jOhnsn nUM dy id`qy[ SoAr kmytI kol 18 hzwrfwlr iek`qr ho gey sn[ ijs iv`c 1000 fwlr kYlyPornIAW 'crih rhy BwrqIAW v`loN Byjy gey sn[ jhwz dIAW ikSqW SoArkmytI v`loN dyx kwrn gurid`q isMG ny kwmwgwtw mwrU dw ptw 20 jUnnUM husYn rhIm Aqy Bwg isMG dy nW 'qy krvw id`qw[

ieh br imlx 'qy ik gurid`q isMG ny jhwz dw ptw bdl kyBwg isMG iBMKIivMf Aqy husYn rhIm dy nW qy krvw id`qw hY imstrrIf bhuq KPw hoieAw[ aus ny bdlw laU Bwvnw qihq nvyN ptydwrWnUM muSklW 'c pwaux leI aunHW nUM ilKqI rUp iv`c p`qr ByijAw ijsiv`c drj sI:

'kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz iv`c vwierlYs lgwau, jUn Aqy julweIdw ikrwieAw 10307 fwlr Bro, muswPrW dI in`q dI Kurwk dw Krc200 fwlr, vkIl dw Krc 250 fwlr Aqy jhwz bMdrgwh 'qyTihrn dw Krc pRqI idn 200 fwlr vI dyxw kro[ vwierlYs vIaunHIN idnIN 1600 fwlr dI AwauNdI sI[ nwl hI hdwieqW jwrIkIqIAW ik jykr ieh kuJ nhIN krdy qW jhwz zbrdsqI vwpsByj id`qw jwvygw'[ (sroq stIvnz PweIl, pMnw 171)

AYsy hukm ies leI jwrI kIqy gey ik jo vI ihMdusqwnI lokie`Qy rih rhy hn auh qMg Aw ky kYnyfw C`f jwxgy[ auproN pwrlImYNt

(58) (59)

dI ikSqI iv`c Aqy hiQAwrbMd ivAkqIAW dy Gyry iv`c kyvl ie`kGMty leI[ ieh vI myrI izd krn qy ik aunHW kol mYnUM smuMdr iv`csu`tx qoN bgYr hor koeI swDn nhIN sI rih igAw[ g`lbwq smyN mYnUMie`k ikSqI Aqy gurid`q isMG nUM dUjI ikSqI iv`c bYTwieAw igAwsI[

imstr rIf ny musw&rW dI fwktrI leI fwktrW nUM Awpxyh`Q iv`c ilAw hoieAw sI[ BwvyN swry musw&r ishq p`KoN irSt puStsn pr rIf fwktrW nUM ieh kih ky ik iehnW nUM hu`k vrm (mV`HpW)dI Skwieq hY vwps Byjx 'qy qul igAw sI[ fwktrW nUM Kws hukmid`qy gey ik auh musw&rW dI fwktrI hOlI hOlI krn qW ik ienHW nUM11 jUn q`k jhwz iv`c hI roikAw jw sky[ ienHW musw&rW dIfwktrI leI vI nvyN kwnUMn GVy gey[ pihlW dUjy mulkW qoN Awauxvwly XwqrUAW dI nW-mwqr hI fwktrI huMdI sI pr kwmwgwtw mwrUdy bMidAW leI bhuq izAwdw GoK kIqI jw rhI sI[ Asl iv`c 11jUn jhwz dI ikSq auqwrn dI AwKrI qwrIK sI[

auprokq cwlW qoN ielwvw hwpiknsn ny jwsUsI leI keIgdwr vI r`Ky hoey sn[ iehnW iv`c jhwz dw srzn fwktr rGUnwQisMG vI sI[ srkwr v`loN ienHW jwsUsW nUM mwhvwrI Dn imldw sI[

kYnyfw Aqy hor AsQwnW dy BweIcwry v`loNmusw&rW dI m`dd krnI

sB qoN mu`K g`l jhwz dIAW ikSqW smyN isr auqwrn dI sIijs leI Dn cwhIdw sI[ ies sMbMDI 31 meI nUM husYn rhIm dIprDwngI hyT vYnkUvr dy fumInIAn hwl iv`c ihMdusqwnIAW dIBrvIN sBw hoeI[ ies iv`c Swml sB bMdy roh iv`c sn ikauNik ienHWdy Brw qy BYxW smyq kuJ b`cy bhuq kTnweI iv`c jIvn bqIq kr rhysn[ husYn rhIm ny dovyN h`Q joV inMmRqw sihq Bry ihrdy nwl bynqIkIqI ik ijqny vI BweI vIr hwzr hn swry AwpxI iv`q Anuswrkwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW leI Dn idau[ husYn rhIm dI bynqI suxky sohx isMG pUMnI Anuswr AwpxI kmweI jo ieh ihMdusqwnI, bYNkWdI QW jybW jW p`gW jW GrW iv`c lko ky rKdy sI dyx leI myz v`l

vDx l`gy[ auh pMj, ds qy sO sO fwlrW dy not myz qy r`Kx lgy[ie`k &rwK idl is`K ny 2 hzwr fwlr myz au~pr jw itkwey[ imMtW'c 5 hzwr fwlr kYS iek`Tw ho igAw[ ies mIitMg iv`c 15 mYNbrWdI 'SoAr kmytI' husYn rhIm dI pRDwngI ADIn bxweI geI[keIAW ny vYnkUvr dy nzdIk KrIdIAW hoeIAW AwpxIAW zmInW dy66 hzwr fwlr dI kImq dy tweItl SoAr kmytI nUM dyx dw AYlwnkIqw[ ie`k bMdy ny AwpxI kYnyfw ivclI 6 hzwr fwlr dI zwiedwdkmytI nUM dyx dw vwAdw kIqw[ iesy qrHW keIAW ny ieMfIAw ivclIswrI zmIn jwiedwd kwmwgwtw mwrU dy sMGrS leI dyx dI pySkSkIqI[ ieM\ husYn rhIm ny 10 jUn nUM 11 hzwr fwlr dw cY~k dy kyjhwz dI ikSq auqwr id`qI[ ies ip`CoN 20 jUn nUM husYn rhIm AqyBwg isMG ny bwkI rihMdy 4 hzwr fwlr vI kwmwgwtw mwrU dy mwlkdy eyjMt gwrfnr jOhnsn nUM dy id`qy[ SoAr kmytI kol 18 hzwrfwlr iek`qr ho gey sn[ ijs iv`c 1000 fwlr kYlyPornIAW 'crih rhy BwrqIAW v`loN Byjy gey sn[ jhwz dIAW ikSqW SoArkmytI v`loN dyx kwrn gurid`q isMG ny kwmwgwtw mwrU dw ptw 20 jUnnUM husYn rhIm Aqy Bwg isMG dy nW 'qy krvw id`qw[

ieh br imlx 'qy ik gurid`q isMG ny jhwz dw ptw bdl kyBwg isMG iBMKIivMf Aqy husYn rhIm dy nW qy krvw id`qw hY imstrrIf bhuq KPw hoieAw[ aus ny bdlw laU Bwvnw qihq nvyN ptydwrWnUM muSklW 'c pwaux leI aunHW nUM ilKqI rUp iv`c p`qr ByijAw ijsiv`c drj sI:

'kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz iv`c vwierlYs lgwau, jUn Aqy julweIdw ikrwieAw 10307 fwlr Bro, muswPrW dI in`q dI Kurwk dw Krc200 fwlr, vkIl dw Krc 250 fwlr Aqy jhwz bMdrgwh 'qyTihrn dw Krc pRqI idn 200 fwlr vI dyxw kro[ vwierlYs vIaunHIN idnIN 1600 fwlr dI AwauNdI sI[ nwl hI hdwieqW jwrIkIqIAW ik jykr ieh kuJ nhIN krdy qW jhwz zbrdsqI vwpsByj id`qw jwvygw'[ (sroq stIvnz PweIl, pMnw 171)

AYsy hukm ies leI jwrI kIqy gey ik jo vI ihMdusqwnI lokie`Qy rih rhy hn auh qMg Aw ky kYnyfw C`f jwxgy[ auproN pwrlImYNt

(58) (59)

mYNbr AY`c. AY~c. stIvnz ieh slwhW dy rhy sn ik iehnw lokW nUMAYsw sbk isKwau ik muV kYYnyfw v`l nw Jwk skx[

borf Aw& ienkuAwrI bnwauxw^wlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loN rIf dy muswPrW ivru`D vrqy jwx

vwly qOr-qrIikAW nUM dyK AOtvw nUM qwrW ByjIAW geIAW[ kyNdrsrkwr ny is`KW dIAW A`KW pUMJx leI imstr rIf nUM slwh id`qIik auh kwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW dw kys ie`k 'borf Aw& ienkuAwrI'A`gy r`Ky[ ieh borf jo &Yslw krygw auh srkwr nUM mMjUr hovygw[ies cMcl mn vwly rIf ny jo borf bxwieAw aus iv`c Awp cyArmYnbx igAw Aqy Awpxy v`loN do vkIl (ie`k rObI. AYl. rIf Aqy dUjwfblXU. bI. ey. ircI) kIqy gey[

srkwrI vkIlW ny ieh dlIl imstr brf dy A`gy r`KI ikswry muswPrW dw muAwienw krn dI bjwey ie`k tYst kys AwpW lYNdyhW ies nwl smyN dI b`cq ho jwvygI[ ieh vI imstr rIf dI ie`kkoJI cwl sI[ ies cwl nUM pihlW vkIl brf ny Aqy SoAr kmytIny mMnx qoN nWh kr id`qI[ ies ip`CoN mYklm rIf v`loN iek`ly iek`lymusw&r qoN pu`C-pVqwl dw islslw SurU kIqw igAw[ vkIl brf nyAwiKAw ik sB qoN pihlW ies leI srdwr gurid`q isMG nUM bulwau[iPr aunHW bMidAW nUM ijhVy kYnyfw iv`c pihlW rih ky gey sn AqybwAd iv`c nvyN musw&rW nUM pu`C-ig`C leI bulwieAw jwvy[ iehqjvIz vI AiDkwrIAW v`loN r`d kr id`qI geI[

ieh sB kuJ dyKidAW ihMdusqwnI nyqwvW ny vkIl brf nUMborf Aw& ienkuAwrI dw bweIkwt krn leI AwiKAw[ ie`k idnjdoN hwpiknsn borf dy A`gy pyS krn leI musw&rW nUM lYx AwieAwqW gurid`q isMG ny ros vjoN AwiKAw ik koeI musw&r borf kol nhINjwvygw[ jykr borf kol ienHW nUM iljwxw hY qW pihlW mYnUM pyS kro[

ies auprMq vkIl rObI rIf ny ihMdusqwnIAW dy vkIl nUM mslydy h`l leI dubwrw tYst kys dw suJwA id`qw[ nwl hI rObI rIf nymYlkm rIf nUM ikhw ik auh vkIl brf nUM musw&rW nwl g`lbwqleI rwh p`Drw kry[ ieM\ auh musw&r dw nW tYst kys leI dy

skdw hY[ ies sMbMDI mYlkm rIf ny Awpxy A&sr imstr skwtnwl ivcwr-vtWdrw kIqw[ pr pwrlImYNt mYNbr imstr stIvnzny ies g`l dw ivroD kIqw[ auh ies msly nUM Adwlq iv`c lY jwxqoN ies leI frdw sI ik ikqy j`j musw&rW dy h`k iv`c &Yslw nw krdyx[ BwvyN vkIl tYst kys nUM Adwlq iv`c lY ky kwx leI sihmqsn pr mYklm rIf ny imstr skwt nUM ie`k qwr ByjI ijs dy Sbdsn:

'stIvnz qy mYN ies dy ivru`D hW[ swfw iKAwl hY jy kysAdwlq iv`c jwvy qW G`to G`t AwKrI dwA smJ ky jW mzbUrIkwrn hovy[ iemIgRySn dy AiDkwrI Awpxw pUrw qwx lgw ky AdwlqIkwrvweI qoN sMkoc krn[ hyT kuJ suJwA ilKy hn, aunHW 'qy gOr krkyPOrI au~qr Byjxw:

● jhwz ieMprs svyry 11 vjy c`lygw[ AsIN borfI grWt leIG`t ryt Bwv 35 fwlr pRqI musw&r lYx leI ikhw hY, jykrswry musw&rW nUM jbrI vwps krn dw PYslw borf kr idMdwhY[

● sMBv hY swnUM ies kMm leI hor vDyry gwrfW dI loV pvy qW josB nUM kwbU kIqw jw sky[

ies soc nUM lwgU krn leI musw&rW vwsqy rwSn, kwnUMnIkwrvweI leI ^rc Aqy jy lVweI JgVy q`k nObq AweI Aqy koeIKUn Krwbw hovy, qW qkrIbn 15 hjwr fwlr srkwr dw ^rchovygw[ ies bwry jldI au~qr Byjo Aqy AsIN ieMprs jhwz nUM kuJsmW hor rok skdy hW (stIvnz PweIl pMnw 365; fwktr pUrnisMG dI ikqwb dw pMnw 90)

iesdy au~qr iv`c imstr skwt ny ivSyS qOr qy qwr iv`ciliKAw, “ieMprs jhwz nUM nw rooko[… swnUM lVweI JgVy qoN sMkockrnw cwhIdw hY[…. quhwnUM koeI Aijhw kdm nhIN cu`kxw cwhIdw hYijs nwl kwnUMnI ivroD KVHw hovy[ so imstr skwt iksy hor jhwzduAwrw musw&rW nUM jbrI Byjx dy h`k iv`c nhIN sI[

BwvyN pihlW musw&rW ny tYst kys dI mMg pRvwn nhIN sI kIqI[pr A`ky Aqy sqy hoieAW ny vkIlW dy kihx qy 24 jUn 1914 nUM ieh

(60) (61)

mYNbr AY`c. AY~c. stIvnz ieh slwhW dy rhy sn ik iehnw lokW nUMAYsw sbk isKwau ik muV kYYnyfw v`l nw Jwk skx[

borf Aw& ienkuAwrI bnwauxw^wlsw dIvwn suswietI v`loN rIf dy muswPrW ivru`D vrqy jwx

vwly qOr-qrIikAW nUM dyK AOtvw nUM qwrW ByjIAW geIAW[ kyNdrsrkwr ny is`KW dIAW A`KW pUMJx leI imstr rIf nUM slwh id`qIik auh kwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW dw kys ie`k 'borf Aw& ienkuAwrI'A`gy r`Ky[ ieh borf jo &Yslw krygw auh srkwr nUM mMjUr hovygw[ies cMcl mn vwly rIf ny jo borf bxwieAw aus iv`c Awp cyArmYnbx igAw Aqy Awpxy v`loN do vkIl (ie`k rObI. AYl. rIf Aqy dUjwfblXU. bI. ey. ircI) kIqy gey[

srkwrI vkIlW ny ieh dlIl imstr brf dy A`gy r`KI ikswry muswPrW dw muAwienw krn dI bjwey ie`k tYst kys AwpW lYNdyhW ies nwl smyN dI b`cq ho jwvygI[ ieh vI imstr rIf dI ie`kkoJI cwl sI[ ies cwl nUM pihlW vkIl brf ny Aqy SoAr kmytIny mMnx qoN nWh kr id`qI[ ies ip`CoN mYklm rIf v`loN iek`ly iek`lymusw&r qoN pu`C-pVqwl dw islslw SurU kIqw igAw[ vkIl brf nyAwiKAw ik sB qoN pihlW ies leI srdwr gurid`q isMG nUM bulwau[iPr aunHW bMidAW nUM ijhVy kYnyfw iv`c pihlW rih ky gey sn AqybwAd iv`c nvyN musw&rW nUM pu`C-ig`C leI bulwieAw jwvy[ iehqjvIz vI AiDkwrIAW v`loN r`d kr id`qI geI[

ieh sB kuJ dyKidAW ihMdusqwnI nyqwvW ny vkIl brf nUMborf Aw& ienkuAwrI dw bweIkwt krn leI AwiKAw[ ie`k idnjdoN hwpiknsn borf dy A`gy pyS krn leI musw&rW nUM lYx AwieAwqW gurid`q isMG ny ros vjoN AwiKAw ik koeI musw&r borf kol nhINjwvygw[ jykr borf kol ienHW nUM iljwxw hY qW pihlW mYnUM pyS kro[

ies auprMq vkIl rObI rIf ny ihMdusqwnIAW dy vkIl nUM mslydy h`l leI dubwrw tYst kys dw suJwA id`qw[ nwl hI rObI rIf nymYlkm rIf nUM ikhw ik auh vkIl brf nUM musw&rW nwl g`lbwqleI rwh p`Drw kry[ ieM\ auh musw&r dw nW tYst kys leI dy

skdw hY[ ies sMbMDI mYlkm rIf ny Awpxy A&sr imstr skwtnwl ivcwr-vtWdrw kIqw[ pr pwrlImYNt mYNbr imstr stIvnzny ies g`l dw ivroD kIqw[ auh ies msly nUM Adwlq iv`c lY jwxqoN ies leI frdw sI ik ikqy j`j musw&rW dy h`k iv`c &Yslw nw krdyx[ BwvyN vkIl tYst kys nUM Adwlq iv`c lY ky kwx leI sihmqsn pr mYklm rIf ny imstr skwt nUM ie`k qwr ByjI ijs dy Sbdsn:

'stIvnz qy mYN ies dy ivru`D hW[ swfw iKAwl hY jy kysAdwlq iv`c jwvy qW G`to G`t AwKrI dwA smJ ky jW mzbUrIkwrn hovy[ iemIgRySn dy AiDkwrI Awpxw pUrw qwx lgw ky AdwlqIkwrvweI qoN sMkoc krn[ hyT kuJ suJwA ilKy hn, aunHW 'qy gOr krkyPOrI au~qr Byjxw:

● jhwz ieMprs svyry 11 vjy c`lygw[ AsIN borfI grWt leIG`t ryt Bwv 35 fwlr pRqI musw&r lYx leI ikhw hY, jykrswry musw&rW nUM jbrI vwps krn dw PYslw borf kr idMdwhY[

● sMBv hY swnUM ies kMm leI hor vDyry gwrfW dI loV pvy qW josB nUM kwbU kIqw jw sky[

ies soc nUM lwgU krn leI musw&rW vwsqy rwSn, kwnUMnIkwrvweI leI ^rc Aqy jy lVweI JgVy q`k nObq AweI Aqy koeIKUn Krwbw hovy, qW qkrIbn 15 hjwr fwlr srkwr dw ^rchovygw[ ies bwry jldI au~qr Byjo Aqy AsIN ieMprs jhwz nUM kuJsmW hor rok skdy hW (stIvnz PweIl pMnw 365; fwktr pUrnisMG dI ikqwb dw pMnw 90)

iesdy au~qr iv`c imstr skwt ny ivSyS qOr qy qwr iv`ciliKAw, “ieMprs jhwz nUM nw rooko[… swnUM lVweI JgVy qoN sMkockrnw cwhIdw hY[…. quhwnUM koeI Aijhw kdm nhIN cu`kxw cwhIdw hYijs nwl kwnUMnI ivroD KVHw hovy[ so imstr skwt iksy hor jhwzduAwrw musw&rW nUM jbrI Byjx dy h`k iv`c nhIN sI[

BwvyN pihlW musw&rW ny tYst kys dI mMg pRvwn nhIN sI kIqI[pr A`ky Aqy sqy hoieAW ny vkIlW dy kihx qy 24 jUn 1914 nUM ieh

(60) (61)

mMg svIkwr kr leI[ ies leI srdwr munSI isMG, ipMf gulpur,ijlHw huiSAwrpur nUM ienkuAwrI borf A`gy pyS hox leI kih id`qw[borf dy mYNbrW nUM munSI isMG ny ikhw ik mYN mzdUr nhIN, ikswn hW[hWgkWg qoN mYN ies leI jhwz 'qy AwieAw hW ikauNik klk`qy qoNkoeI vI is`Dw jhwz kYnyfw vYnkUvr nhIN AwauNdw[ borf ny ieh g`lWAx-suxIAW kr ky PYslw dy id`qw ik ieh kYnyfw iv`c dw^l nhIN hoskdw[ ies ny nw qW is`DI Xwqrw kIqI hY Aqy nw ies pws 200fwlr hn[ g`l kI tYst kys qW musw&rW ivru`D PYslw krn dw ie`kbhwnw hI sI[ ies PYsly nUM nw svIkwrdy hoey musw&rW ny hYbIAskorps dw shwrw lY ky suprIm kort iv`c ApIl kr id`qI[ suprImkort ny bihs krn qoN ibnW hI ApIl Kwrj kr id`qI (jOhnstnhg)[ ies ipCoN vkIl kYisfI dI slwh nwl jjW mYkfonlf ierivMg,mwritn Aqy i&lps dy bYNc A`gy munSI isMG dw kys r`iKAw[ iesdI bihs 26 qoN 30 jUn 1914 q`k c`lI[ munSI isMG ny sONh Kw kyikhw ik mYN ikrswn hW, mzdUr nhIN[ pr ienHW j`jW ny borf dy&Ysly nUM shI krwr dy ky kys Kwrj kr id`qw[ srkwrI vkIliemIgRySn kwnUMn dI Dwrw 23 'qy hI pRoVqw krdw irhw ijs iv`cAMikq sI, “koeI vI j`j Adwlq jW mMqrI ienkuAwrI borf v`loNivSyS aupinXm Anuswr iksy nUM jbrI vwps Byjx dy kIqy &Ysly qypunr ivcwr nhIN kr skdw, isvwey kYnyfw dw p`kw vsnIk jWnwgirk, jo auprokq &Ysly qy punr-ivcwr krwaux dw h`k r`Kdw hY(ibRitS kolMbIAw irport vwlIaUm 20, munSI isMG ApIl sMbMDI)[

vkIl brf ny bhuq jor lgwieAw Aqy j`jW nUM bihs smyNAwiKAw ik Dwrw 23 nUM ADwr bxw ky iehnW musw&rW nUM kYnyfwAwaux qoN roikAw nhIN jw skdw[ ieh qW brqwnvI nwgirk hnikauNik ihMdusqwn dI DrqI 'qy brqwnvIN hkUmq hY[ aus ny ieh vIikhw ik Awrfr ien kONsl , ijs iv`c eySIAw nsl bwry AMikqkIqw igAw hY, auh pUrw JUT hY Aqy wmIAW BrpUr hY[ vkIl ny iehvI AwiKAw ik munSI isMG brqwnvI SihrI hY[ ies ny ij`Qy jhwzilAw Bwv hWgkWg qoN aus mulk 'qy vI brqwnvI hkUmq hI rwj krrhI hY[

ieh g`l qW j`g jwhr hY ik srkwrW dy h`Q Aqy sroq bhuqv`fy huMdy hn[ auh jo kuJ cwhux kr skdIAW hn[ auh AwpxImrzI muqwbk rwqo-rwq nvyN kwnUMn GV lYNdIAW hn[ AdwlqW vIaunHW dIAW AwpxIAW bxweIAW huMdIAW hn Aqy j`jW dI inXukqI vIAwp krdIAW hn[ ies leI auh hr ie`k j`j nUM kMn qoN pkV kyAwpxI mrjI Anuswr &Yslw krvw idMdIAW hn[ gurbwxI dy bolhn:

ijs hI kI isrkwr hY iqsu hI kw siB koie] (27)Bwv iksy vI dyS AMdr ijs rwjy dw rwj huMdw hY, sB kuJ aus

dy h`Q iv`c huMdw hY[

keIAW dw ivcwr hY ieh purwqn simAW dIAW g`lW hn[nhIN, A`j dy smyN AMdr vI ieh sB kuJ ho irhw hY[ id`lI AMdr1984 iv`c ieMdrw gWDI (pRDwn mMqRI) dy kql auprMq aus smyN dIkWgrsI srkwr dy nyqwvW ny Awpxy bMidAW, ijs iv`c pulIs vISwml sI, iqMn idn is`KW dw kqlyAwm krvwieAw[ is`KW dy glWiv`c twier pw ky jW mUMhW Aqy srIrW 'qy qyl pw ky ijauNidAW nUMswiVAw[ mwqwvW, b`icAW Aqy bu`iFAW nUM vI nhIN b^iSAw[ mkwn,dukwnW Aqy hor jwiedwdW swV id`qIAW[ dyS dy v`fy v`fy SihrWAMdr vI hjwrW hI is`K mwr id`qy[ g`fIAW, b`sW Awid 'qy s&r krrhy dyS dy rwKy is`K &OjIAW Aqy ispwhIAW nUM isr 'qy p`g dyK burIqrHW kql kIqw[ A`j 29 swl dw smW bIq cu`ikAw hY[ ienHW doSInyqwvW Awid nUM iksy vI Adwlq dy j`j ny koeI szw nhIN suxweI[szw hoxI qW ie`k pwsy mujrm nyqwvW nUM smyN dIAW srkwrW ny is`KWnUM sbk isKwaux leI SwbwSy id`qI Aqy au~c AhuidAW 'qy ibrwjmwnkIqw[

ijhVy lok luk iCp ky AwpxIAW jwnW bcw ky dUjy sUibAW qoNpMjwb Aw gey auh hux q`k iensw& wqr AdwlqW dy drvwzy KVkwrhy hn, j`jW A`gy hoey zulmW pRqI iblk Aqy illHk rhy hn[ kyNdrIsrkwr dy dbwA kwrn iksy iksm dI suxvweI qoN hIxy hn[

(62) (63)

mMg svIkwr kr leI[ ies leI srdwr munSI isMG, ipMf gulpur,ijlHw huiSAwrpur nUM ienkuAwrI borf A`gy pyS hox leI kih id`qw[borf dy mYNbrW nUM munSI isMG ny ikhw ik mYN mzdUr nhIN, ikswn hW[hWgkWg qoN mYN ies leI jhwz 'qy AwieAw hW ikauNik klk`qy qoNkoeI vI is`Dw jhwz kYnyfw vYnkUvr nhIN AwauNdw[ borf ny ieh g`lWAx-suxIAW kr ky PYslw dy id`qw ik ieh kYnyfw iv`c dw^l nhIN hoskdw[ ies ny nw qW is`DI Xwqrw kIqI hY Aqy nw ies pws 200fwlr hn[ g`l kI tYst kys qW musw&rW ivru`D PYslw krn dw ie`kbhwnw hI sI[ ies PYsly nUM nw svIkwrdy hoey musw&rW ny hYbIAskorps dw shwrw lY ky suprIm kort iv`c ApIl kr id`qI[ suprImkort ny bihs krn qoN ibnW hI ApIl Kwrj kr id`qI (jOhnstnhg)[ ies ipCoN vkIl kYisfI dI slwh nwl jjW mYkfonlf ierivMg,mwritn Aqy i&lps dy bYNc A`gy munSI isMG dw kys r`iKAw[ iesdI bihs 26 qoN 30 jUn 1914 q`k c`lI[ munSI isMG ny sONh Kw kyikhw ik mYN ikrswn hW, mzdUr nhIN[ pr ienHW j`jW ny borf dy&Ysly nUM shI krwr dy ky kys Kwrj kr id`qw[ srkwrI vkIliemIgRySn kwnUMn dI Dwrw 23 'qy hI pRoVqw krdw irhw ijs iv`cAMikq sI, “koeI vI j`j Adwlq jW mMqrI ienkuAwrI borf v`loNivSyS aupinXm Anuswr iksy nUM jbrI vwps Byjx dy kIqy &Ysly qypunr ivcwr nhIN kr skdw, isvwey kYnyfw dw p`kw vsnIk jWnwgirk, jo auprokq &Ysly qy punr-ivcwr krwaux dw h`k r`Kdw hY(ibRitS kolMbIAw irport vwlIaUm 20, munSI isMG ApIl sMbMDI)[

vkIl brf ny bhuq jor lgwieAw Aqy j`jW nUM bihs smyNAwiKAw ik Dwrw 23 nUM ADwr bxw ky iehnW musw&rW nUM kYnyfwAwaux qoN roikAw nhIN jw skdw[ ieh qW brqwnvI nwgirk hnikauNik ihMdusqwn dI DrqI 'qy brqwnvIN hkUmq hY[ aus ny ieh vIikhw ik Awrfr ien kONsl , ijs iv`c eySIAw nsl bwry AMikqkIqw igAw hY, auh pUrw JUT hY Aqy wmIAW BrpUr hY[ vkIl ny iehvI AwiKAw ik munSI isMG brqwnvI SihrI hY[ ies ny ij`Qy jhwzilAw Bwv hWgkWg qoN aus mulk 'qy vI brqwnvI hkUmq hI rwj krrhI hY[

ieh g`l qW j`g jwhr hY ik srkwrW dy h`Q Aqy sroq bhuqv`fy huMdy hn[ auh jo kuJ cwhux kr skdIAW hn[ auh AwpxImrzI muqwbk rwqo-rwq nvyN kwnUMn GV lYNdIAW hn[ AdwlqW vIaunHW dIAW AwpxIAW bxweIAW huMdIAW hn Aqy j`jW dI inXukqI vIAwp krdIAW hn[ ies leI auh hr ie`k j`j nUM kMn qoN pkV kyAwpxI mrjI Anuswr &Yslw krvw idMdIAW hn[ gurbwxI dy bolhn:

ijs hI kI isrkwr hY iqsu hI kw siB koie] (27)Bwv iksy vI dyS AMdr ijs rwjy dw rwj huMdw hY, sB kuJ aus

dy h`Q iv`c huMdw hY[

keIAW dw ivcwr hY ieh purwqn simAW dIAW g`lW hn[nhIN, A`j dy smyN AMdr vI ieh sB kuJ ho irhw hY[ id`lI AMdr1984 iv`c ieMdrw gWDI (pRDwn mMqRI) dy kql auprMq aus smyN dIkWgrsI srkwr dy nyqwvW ny Awpxy bMidAW, ijs iv`c pulIs vISwml sI, iqMn idn is`KW dw kqlyAwm krvwieAw[ is`KW dy glWiv`c twier pw ky jW mUMhW Aqy srIrW 'qy qyl pw ky ijauNidAW nUMswiVAw[ mwqwvW, b`icAW Aqy bu`iFAW nUM vI nhIN b^iSAw[ mkwn,dukwnW Aqy hor jwiedwdW swV id`qIAW[ dyS dy v`fy v`fy SihrWAMdr vI hjwrW hI is`K mwr id`qy[ g`fIAW, b`sW Awid 'qy s&r krrhy dyS dy rwKy is`K &OjIAW Aqy ispwhIAW nUM isr 'qy p`g dyK burIqrHW kql kIqw[ A`j 29 swl dw smW bIq cu`ikAw hY[ ienHW doSInyqwvW Awid nUM iksy vI Adwlq dy j`j ny koeI szw nhIN suxweI[szw hoxI qW ie`k pwsy mujrm nyqwvW nUM smyN dIAW srkwrW ny is`KWnUM sbk isKwaux leI SwbwSy id`qI Aqy au~c AhuidAW 'qy ibrwjmwnkIqw[

ijhVy lok luk iCp ky AwpxIAW jwnW bcw ky dUjy sUibAW qoNpMjwb Aw gey auh hux q`k iensw& wqr AdwlqW dy drvwzy KVkwrhy hn, j`jW A`gy hoey zulmW pRqI iblk Aqy illHk rhy hn[ kyNdrIsrkwr dy dbwA kwrn iksy iksm dI suxvweI qoN hIxy hn[

(62) (63)

dyS ivdyS AMdr kwmwgwtw mwrU dy vwpr rhyduKWq sMbMDI muzwhry

kYnyfw iv`c vs rhy ihMduswnI qW smyN smyN 'qy musw&rW dI hrm`dd leI iek`qRqwvW kr rhy sn[ ies qoN ielwvw AmrIkw AqyieMglYNf dw BweIcwrw vI ienHW nwl KVHw sI[ Bwrq AMdr vI jdoNieh duKWq BrI ^br phuMcI qW QW QW 'qy brqwnIAW srkwr dyA&srW nUM mMg-p`qr id`qy gey, ros mujwhry hoey Aqy qwrW ByjIAW[pMjwb ihMdU sBw lwhOr Aqy mnIlw (iPlpweIn) Awid dy is`KW ny vIros iek`T krky ienHW pRqI pUrI hmdrdI ijqweI[

srkwr ny bwhrI dbwA pYNdw dyK kYnyfw iv`c rih rhy is`KW dylIfrW nUM bdnwm krn leI nvIN cwl c`lI[ srdwr hrnwm isMG,blvMq isMG (gRMQI) Aqy Bwg isMG 'qy JUTw doS lgw ky ik iehAmrIkw dI h`d sUms pws phuMcy Aqy qrknwQ dws dI shwieqwnwl ienHW hiQAwr KrIdy[ ie`k swjS ADIn iehnW nUM BVkwaU Aqy^qrnwk grdwn ky igR&qwr kr ilAw[ doS iv`c ieh vI drzkIqw ik ieh iqMny kwmwgwtw mwrU dy nvyN ptydwr hn Aqy ienHW qoNAiDkwrIAW dI jwn nUM ^qrw hY[ ieho ijhy JUTy kys ik ienHW qoNAslw &iVAw hY c`l rhI muihMm nUM &ylH krn leI vwprn qoN ip`CoNsMbMDq AiDkwrI Asly bwry swbq nhIN kr sky[

ieh sB kuJ dyK ky BweI gurid`q isMG ny A^bwrW q`k ikvyN nwikvyN ibAwn phuMcwieAw ik auh 'brqwnvI srkwr nUM ieh d`s dyxwcwhuMdy hn, jykr kwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW nwl TIk vrqwau nwkIqw qW aunHW dI srkwr dw Bwrq iv`coN CyqI hI Bog pY jwvygw[ BwvyNsrdwr swihb dw ibAwn aus smyN ie`k frwbw hI sI, pr ieh 33vrS bwAd shI swbq hoieAw[

hux kYnyfw srkwr ny musw&rW dI kwmXwbI dy swry rsqy bMdkr id`qy sn[ qkrIbn ipCly 55 idn qoN ieh musw&r jhwz iv`ckyvl bMdI hI nhIN sn sgoN musIbqW dy sMqwp J`l rhy sn[ AKIrienHW ny 18 julweI 1915 nUM kYnyfw dy gvrnr jnrl pws Awpxwkys ivcwrn leI rihm rUpI qwr ByjI[ musw&rW AwiKAw ik swfwBojn qy pwxI vI mu`k igAw hY[ BwvyN AiDkwrI XkIn dvw rhy hn

ik Kwx-pIx dw smwn pUrw phuMcw rhy hW, pr ieh iblkul JUT hY[AsIN vI r`b dy bMdy hW[ grIbI kwrn Dn Krc ky kYnyfw phuMcx dwqrlw ilAw sI[ swfy qy qrs kro[ jykr swnUM ies dyS AMdr vVndI iejwzq nhIN sI dyxI qW jhwz nUM hWgkWg qoN hI c`lx nhIN sIdyxw[ BwvyN quhwfI srkwr kihMdI hY ik AsIN sB nUM iensw& idMdyhW, pr ieh kYsw iensw& hY ik nw swfy q`k vkIl nUM phuMcx id`qwigAw, nw swfy iksy lIfr nUM jhwz nyVy Fu`kx id`qw igAw, nw iksyj`j nUM swfI g`l qy gOr krn id`qw jw irhw hY Aqy Bu`K du`KoN AsIN qMgho rhy hW[ g`l kI swfy nwl Axmnu`KI ivhwr ho irhw hY[ hor qW horjhwz 'c l`idAw kolw vI vycx qoN juAwb iml irhw hY[

g`l kI ijvyN p`Qr qy pwxI dw koeI Asr nhIN huMdw iqvyN p`QrrUpI idl nhIN ipGldy[ grIb qW AmIr nUM siqkwr idMdw hY prAmIr ny grIb dw siqkwr qW kI krnw aus 'qy qrs vI nhINKWdw[ pYsw AmIr nUM cqr Aqy byrihm kr idMdw hY Aqy scweIsuxn leI aus dy kMn boly ho jWdy hn[ auh nykI C`f ky bdI 'qyau~qr AwauNdw hY[ ieh soc iemIgRySn AiDkwrIAW, kYnyfw AqybrqwnIAW srkwr ny pRgtweI[

kwmwgwtw nUM jbrI vwps Byjx leI pulIs AqyjMgI jhwz dI vrqoN

AMq srkwr ny musw&rW nUM jbrI vwps Byjx dI Xojnw iqAwrkIqI[ imstr rIf ny jhwz dy kpqwn Xmwto Aqy ieMjInIAr nUMhukm kr id`qw ik auh jhwz nUM grm krn qW ik quhwnUM vwpsByijAw jw sky[ dUjy pwsy pulIs A&srW nUM SkqI dI vrqoN leIbMdobsq krn dw hukm id`qw[ ie`k smuMdrI jhwz sI lwien (See-lion) 'qy Kwx-pIx dw smwn ldw ilAw Aqy rwq dy ie`k vjy ie`kdUjy jhwz 'qy cwVHn leI iqAwrI kr leI[

kwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW ny jdoN dyiKAw ik kpqwn jhwz nUMcwlU krn l`igAw hY qW aunHW rok id`qw[ ieh g`l suBwvk hI dyKxnUM imldI hY ik pRikrqI AMdr jykr iksy vI jIv nUM Kwh-mKwh qMgkIqw jwvy qW auh kRoD 'c Aw ky kwrvweI krdw hY[ iesy qrW iehmusw&r bVy A`ky Aqy sqy hoey sn[ aunHW gu`sy iv`c Aw ky jhwz cwlU

(64) (65)

dyS ivdyS AMdr kwmwgwtw mwrU dy vwpr rhyduKWq sMbMDI muzwhry

kYnyfw iv`c vs rhy ihMduswnI qW smyN smyN 'qy musw&rW dI hrm`dd leI iek`qRqwvW kr rhy sn[ ies qoN ielwvw AmrIkw AqyieMglYNf dw BweIcwrw vI ienHW nwl KVHw sI[ Bwrq AMdr vI jdoNieh duKWq BrI ^br phuMcI qW QW QW 'qy brqwnIAW srkwr dyA&srW nUM mMg-p`qr id`qy gey, ros mujwhry hoey Aqy qwrW ByjIAW[pMjwb ihMdU sBw lwhOr Aqy mnIlw (iPlpweIn) Awid dy is`KW ny vIros iek`T krky ienHW pRqI pUrI hmdrdI ijqweI[

srkwr ny bwhrI dbwA pYNdw dyK kYnyfw iv`c rih rhy is`KW dylIfrW nUM bdnwm krn leI nvIN cwl c`lI[ srdwr hrnwm isMG,blvMq isMG (gRMQI) Aqy Bwg isMG 'qy JUTw doS lgw ky ik iehAmrIkw dI h`d sUms pws phuMcy Aqy qrknwQ dws dI shwieqwnwl ienHW hiQAwr KrIdy[ ie`k swjS ADIn iehnW nUM BVkwaU Aqy^qrnwk grdwn ky igR&qwr kr ilAw[ doS iv`c ieh vI drzkIqw ik ieh iqMny kwmwgwtw mwrU dy nvyN ptydwr hn Aqy ienHW qoNAiDkwrIAW dI jwn nUM ^qrw hY[ ieho ijhy JUTy kys ik ienHW qoNAslw &iVAw hY c`l rhI muihMm nUM &ylH krn leI vwprn qoN ip`CoNsMbMDq AiDkwrI Asly bwry swbq nhIN kr sky[

ieh sB kuJ dyK ky BweI gurid`q isMG ny A^bwrW q`k ikvyN nwikvyN ibAwn phuMcwieAw ik auh 'brqwnvI srkwr nUM ieh d`s dyxwcwhuMdy hn, jykr kwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW nwl TIk vrqwau nwkIqw qW aunHW dI srkwr dw Bwrq iv`coN CyqI hI Bog pY jwvygw[ BwvyNsrdwr swihb dw ibAwn aus smyN ie`k frwbw hI sI, pr ieh 33vrS bwAd shI swbq hoieAw[

hux kYnyfw srkwr ny musw&rW dI kwmXwbI dy swry rsqy bMdkr id`qy sn[ qkrIbn ipCly 55 idn qoN ieh musw&r jhwz iv`ckyvl bMdI hI nhIN sn sgoN musIbqW dy sMqwp J`l rhy sn[ AKIrienHW ny 18 julweI 1915 nUM kYnyfw dy gvrnr jnrl pws Awpxwkys ivcwrn leI rihm rUpI qwr ByjI[ musw&rW AwiKAw ik swfwBojn qy pwxI vI mu`k igAw hY[ BwvyN AiDkwrI XkIn dvw rhy hn

ik Kwx-pIx dw smwn pUrw phuMcw rhy hW, pr ieh iblkul JUT hY[AsIN vI r`b dy bMdy hW[ grIbI kwrn Dn Krc ky kYnyfw phuMcx dwqrlw ilAw sI[ swfy qy qrs kro[ jykr swnUM ies dyS AMdr vVndI iejwzq nhIN sI dyxI qW jhwz nUM hWgkWg qoN hI c`lx nhIN sIdyxw[ BwvyN quhwfI srkwr kihMdI hY ik AsIN sB nUM iensw& idMdyhW, pr ieh kYsw iensw& hY ik nw swfy q`k vkIl nUM phuMcx id`qwigAw, nw swfy iksy lIfr nUM jhwz nyVy Fu`kx id`qw igAw, nw iksyj`j nUM swfI g`l qy gOr krn id`qw jw irhw hY Aqy Bu`K du`KoN AsIN qMgho rhy hW[ g`l kI swfy nwl Axmnu`KI ivhwr ho irhw hY[ hor qW horjhwz 'c l`idAw kolw vI vycx qoN juAwb iml irhw hY[

g`l kI ijvyN p`Qr qy pwxI dw koeI Asr nhIN huMdw iqvyN p`QrrUpI idl nhIN ipGldy[ grIb qW AmIr nUM siqkwr idMdw hY prAmIr ny grIb dw siqkwr qW kI krnw aus 'qy qrs vI nhINKWdw[ pYsw AmIr nUM cqr Aqy byrihm kr idMdw hY Aqy scweIsuxn leI aus dy kMn boly ho jWdy hn[ auh nykI C`f ky bdI 'qyau~qr AwauNdw hY[ ieh soc iemIgRySn AiDkwrIAW, kYnyfw AqybrqwnIAW srkwr ny pRgtweI[

kwmwgwtw nUM jbrI vwps Byjx leI pulIs AqyjMgI jhwz dI vrqoN

AMq srkwr ny musw&rW nUM jbrI vwps Byjx dI Xojnw iqAwrkIqI[ imstr rIf ny jhwz dy kpqwn Xmwto Aqy ieMjInIAr nUMhukm kr id`qw ik auh jhwz nUM grm krn qW ik quhwnUM vwpsByijAw jw sky[ dUjy pwsy pulIs A&srW nUM SkqI dI vrqoN leIbMdobsq krn dw hukm id`qw[ ie`k smuMdrI jhwz sI lwien (See-lion) 'qy Kwx-pIx dw smwn ldw ilAw Aqy rwq dy ie`k vjy ie`kdUjy jhwz 'qy cwVHn leI iqAwrI kr leI[

kwmwgwtw mwrU dy musw&rW ny jdoN dyiKAw ik kpqwn jhwz nUMcwlU krn l`igAw hY qW aunHW rok id`qw[ ieh g`l suBwvk hI dyKxnUM imldI hY ik pRikrqI AMdr jykr iksy vI jIv nUM Kwh-mKwh qMgkIqw jwvy qW auh kRoD 'c Aw ky kwrvweI krdw hY[ iesy qrW iehmusw&r bVy A`ky Aqy sqy hoey sn[ aunHW gu`sy iv`c Aw ky jhwz cwlU

(64) (65)

nw krn id`qw[ ieh dyK kpqwn ny pulIs muKI nUM m`dd leI bynqIkIqI[ pulIs muKI ny au~qr iv`c ikhw ik myry 40 pulIs ispwhIAqy 35 A&sr jo hiQAwrW nwl lY~s hn 12.30 vjy rwq nUM phuMcjwxgy[

mYlkm rIf Anuswr jdoN ‘sI lwien’ 'jhwz qoN hiQAwrbMdpulIs ny kwmwgwtw mwrU iv`c dwKl hoxw cwihAw qW musw&rW ny aunHW'qy hmlw kr id`qw[ hmly iv`c lohy dIAW rwfW Aqy koly dy v`ty mwrnkrky 'sI lwien' jhwz dy SISy tu`t gey Aqy pulIs mulwzm P`tV hogey[ 'mrdw kI nhIN krdw' dI khwvq Anuswr musw&rW ny iehkwrvweI kIqI[ imstr rIf ny suprfYNt skwt nUM ieh vI d`isAwik ies kwrvweI qoN pihlW hwpiknsn ny mwmlw sulJwaux dw XqnkIqw pr musw&rW ny koeI g`l nhIN suxI[ AsIN hwr-hMB ky 2 vjyvwps Aw gey[ rIf Anuswr musw&rW ny swfy qy do &wier vI kIqy[pr ies g`l dw vyrvw BweI gurid`q isMG dI svY-jIvnI iv`c nhINimldw[ h`Qo-pweI, mwr-kutweI jW kolw Awid mwrn dI g`l qWsMBv ho skdI hY pr &wierMg vwlI g`l qW musw&rW nUM bdnwm krnvwlI hY[ jykr musw&rW kol koeI hiQAwr huMdw qW ienHW ny kwbU krky aus nUM hux q`k sMBwl ky r`Kxw sI[ musw&rW dy d`sx vjoN pulIsvwilAW ny aunHW qy &wieirMg kIqI sI[

pRDwn mMqrI borfn jo jhwz nUM zbrI vwps Byjx leI qqprsI, ny ies mMqv dI pUrqI leI nyvI dy dUjy byVy 'rynbo' dI vrqoN dIiejwzq dy idqI[ iemIgRySn A&srW nUM ieQoN qk krVweI vrqx dIiejwzq dy idqI ik jykr musw&rW dy hQkVIAW lwauxIAW pYx qWlgw idqIAW jwx[ ienHW ihMdusqnIAW nUM jbrI pkV ky ieMprsjhwz rwhIN vI vwps iljw skdy hoN; jykr kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz iksykwrn nw qury[ AKIr AOtvw qoN imstr rIf nUM Kbr imlI ik rynbojhwz Awpxy itkwxy qoN Swm dy 10 vjy vYnkUvr vl cl ipAw hY[

kwmwgwtw mwrU dI vwpsI-kwlw idnkYnyfw srkwr dI igxI imxI swijS, kOm dy gdwrW Aqy

nslbwd dy srdwrW ny musw&rW dIAW ieCwvW 'qy AKIr pwxI Pyrid`qw[ brqwnvI hkUmq Aqy kYnyfw dy AiDkwrIAW Aqy prjw ny

is`KW qy vwpr rhy duKWq dw do mhIny KUB qmwSw dyiKAw Aqy ienHWpRqI Apmwn jnk SbdwvlI vrqI[ mu`F–kdImW qoN hI j`g jwhr hYik qkVw BweIcwry nUM frwauNdw, DmkwauNdw, FwhuMdw, sqwauNdw AqyhrwauNdw Aw irhw hY[ BwrqI BweIcwry ny musw&rW dI hr iksm dIshwieqw kIqI pr jdoN dyiKAw ik pwxI isr qoN dI lMG irhw hY ,musw&r vI bVy qMg ho rhy hn Aqy Krcw vI ho irhw hY qW 'sOArkmytI' ny ivcwr kr ky musw&rW dI sihmqI nwl iemIgRySn A&srWkol g`lbwq leI vkIl brf nUM ByijAw[ kmytI ny mMgW iv`c iliKAwik p`tydwr nUM jhwz 'c l`idAw kolw vycx dI KulH id`qI jwvy, srkwrjhwz dw swrw ^rcw jhwz dI kMpnI dy eyjMt nUM dyvy, fIport kIqyjw rhy musw&rW nUM rsqy dy Kwx pIx dw Krcw vYnkUvr qoN klk`qyq`k 100 fwlr pRqI musw&r Adw kry[ ieh mMgW aus smyN dygvrnr jnrl dI PweIl iv`c drz hn[

srkwr ikvyN nw ikvyN ies sm`isAw nUM h`l krnw cwhuMdI sI[srkwrI vkIl ny vI suJwA id`qw ik SoAr kmytI dy pRDwn rhIm nUMmusw&rW nwl g`lbwq krn dI AwigAw id`qI jwvy[ aus ny ieh vIikhw ik musw&rW nUM rsqy ivclw Kwx-pIx dw smwn dy id`qw jwvy,jhwz dIAW ikSqW bwry bwAd iv`c inpt ilAw jwvygw[ iesauprMq KyqIbwVI mMqrI mwritn bUirl ny prDwn mMqrI borifn nUMmnw ilAw ik XwqrUAW nUM Kwx-pIx dw smwn dy dyxw cwhIdw hY[jhwz dy eyjMt Aqy kYptn ny vI sihmqI pRgtweI ik AsIN horikSq nhIN mMgWgy[ imstr bUirl ny prDwn mMqrI borfn nUMAwiKAw ik g`lbwq dOrwn AsIN jo suJwA r`Ky sn auh ihMdusqwnIAWdI kmytI ny prvwn kr ley hn Aqy kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dw vwpsjwxw hux qYA ho cukw hY[ ies kwrz dI s&lqw leI prDwn mMqrIny imstr bUirl nUM vDweI id`qI[

22 julweI 1914 nUM Swm dy 7 vjy jhwz iv`c Kwx-pIx dwsmwn phuMcwieAw igAw[ SoAr kmytI dy mYbrW (BweI im`q isMGpMforI-sk`qr Kwlsw dIvwn suswietI Aqy husYn rhIm) ny jhwz dyieMjnIAr nUM jhwz grm krn leI kih id`qw[ ies hoey &YslyauprMq jhwz dy 24 svwrW nUM kYnyfw AMdr jwx dw hukm hoieAw[ienHW iv`coN 20 svwr qW pihlW hI kYnyfw ivKy rih rhy sn Aqy 4

(66) (67)

nw krn id`qw[ ieh dyK kpqwn ny pulIs muKI nUM m`dd leI bynqIkIqI[ pulIs muKI ny au~qr iv`c ikhw ik myry 40 pulIs ispwhIAqy 35 A&sr jo hiQAwrW nwl lY~s hn 12.30 vjy rwq nUM phuMcjwxgy[

mYlkm rIf Anuswr jdoN ‘sI lwien’ 'jhwz qoN hiQAwrbMdpulIs ny kwmwgwtw mwrU iv`c dwKl hoxw cwihAw qW musw&rW ny aunHW'qy hmlw kr id`qw[ hmly iv`c lohy dIAW rwfW Aqy koly dy v`ty mwrnkrky 'sI lwien' jhwz dy SISy tu`t gey Aqy pulIs mulwzm P`tV hogey[ 'mrdw kI nhIN krdw' dI khwvq Anuswr musw&rW ny iehkwrvweI kIqI[ imstr rIf ny suprfYNt skwt nUM ieh vI d`isAwik ies kwrvweI qoN pihlW hwpiknsn ny mwmlw sulJwaux dw XqnkIqw pr musw&rW ny koeI g`l nhIN suxI[ AsIN hwr-hMB ky 2 vjyvwps Aw gey[ rIf Anuswr musw&rW ny swfy qy do &wier vI kIqy[pr ies g`l dw vyrvw BweI gurid`q isMG dI svY-jIvnI iv`c nhINimldw[ h`Qo-pweI, mwr-kutweI jW kolw Awid mwrn dI g`l qWsMBv ho skdI hY pr &wierMg vwlI g`l qW musw&rW nUM bdnwm krnvwlI hY[ jykr musw&rW kol koeI hiQAwr huMdw qW ienHW ny kwbU krky aus nUM hux q`k sMBwl ky r`Kxw sI[ musw&rW dy d`sx vjoN pulIsvwilAW ny aunHW qy &wieirMg kIqI sI[

pRDwn mMqrI borfn jo jhwz nUM zbrI vwps Byjx leI qqprsI, ny ies mMqv dI pUrqI leI nyvI dy dUjy byVy 'rynbo' dI vrqoN dIiejwzq dy idqI[ iemIgRySn A&srW nUM ieQoN qk krVweI vrqx dIiejwzq dy idqI ik jykr musw&rW dy hQkVIAW lwauxIAW pYx qWlgw idqIAW jwx[ ienHW ihMdusqnIAW nUM jbrI pkV ky ieMprsjhwz rwhIN vI vwps iljw skdy hoN; jykr kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz iksykwrn nw qury[ AKIr AOtvw qoN imstr rIf nUM Kbr imlI ik rynbojhwz Awpxy itkwxy qoN Swm dy 10 vjy vYnkUvr vl cl ipAw hY[

kwmwgwtw mwrU dI vwpsI-kwlw idnkYnyfw srkwr dI igxI imxI swijS, kOm dy gdwrW Aqy

nslbwd dy srdwrW ny musw&rW dIAW ieCwvW 'qy AKIr pwxI Pyrid`qw[ brqwnvI hkUmq Aqy kYnyfw dy AiDkwrIAW Aqy prjw ny

is`KW qy vwpr rhy duKWq dw do mhIny KUB qmwSw dyiKAw Aqy ienHWpRqI Apmwn jnk SbdwvlI vrqI[ mu`F–kdImW qoN hI j`g jwhr hYik qkVw BweIcwry nUM frwauNdw, DmkwauNdw, FwhuMdw, sqwauNdw AqyhrwauNdw Aw irhw hY[ BwrqI BweIcwry ny musw&rW dI hr iksm dIshwieqw kIqI pr jdoN dyiKAw ik pwxI isr qoN dI lMG irhw hY ,musw&r vI bVy qMg ho rhy hn Aqy Krcw vI ho irhw hY qW 'sOArkmytI' ny ivcwr kr ky musw&rW dI sihmqI nwl iemIgRySn A&srWkol g`lbwq leI vkIl brf nUM ByijAw[ kmytI ny mMgW iv`c iliKAwik p`tydwr nUM jhwz 'c l`idAw kolw vycx dI KulH id`qI jwvy, srkwrjhwz dw swrw ^rcw jhwz dI kMpnI dy eyjMt nUM dyvy, fIport kIqyjw rhy musw&rW nUM rsqy dy Kwx pIx dw Krcw vYnkUvr qoN klk`qyq`k 100 fwlr pRqI musw&r Adw kry[ ieh mMgW aus smyN dygvrnr jnrl dI PweIl iv`c drz hn[

srkwr ikvyN nw ikvyN ies sm`isAw nUM h`l krnw cwhuMdI sI[srkwrI vkIl ny vI suJwA id`qw ik SoAr kmytI dy pRDwn rhIm nUMmusw&rW nwl g`lbwq krn dI AwigAw id`qI jwvy[ aus ny ieh vIikhw ik musw&rW nUM rsqy ivclw Kwx-pIx dw smwn dy id`qw jwvy,jhwz dIAW ikSqW bwry bwAd iv`c inpt ilAw jwvygw[ iesauprMq KyqIbwVI mMqrI mwritn bUirl ny prDwn mMqrI borifn nUMmnw ilAw ik XwqrUAW nUM Kwx-pIx dw smwn dy dyxw cwhIdw hY[jhwz dy eyjMt Aqy kYptn ny vI sihmqI pRgtweI ik AsIN horikSq nhIN mMgWgy[ imstr bUirl ny prDwn mMqrI borfn nUMAwiKAw ik g`lbwq dOrwn AsIN jo suJwA r`Ky sn auh ihMdusqwnIAWdI kmytI ny prvwn kr ley hn Aqy kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dw vwpsjwxw hux qYA ho cukw hY[ ies kwrz dI s&lqw leI prDwn mMqrIny imstr bUirl nUM vDweI id`qI[

22 julweI 1914 nUM Swm dy 7 vjy jhwz iv`c Kwx-pIx dwsmwn phuMcwieAw igAw[ SoAr kmytI dy mYbrW (BweI im`q isMGpMforI-sk`qr Kwlsw dIvwn suswietI Aqy husYn rhIm) ny jhwz dyieMjnIAr nUM jhwz grm krn leI kih id`qw[ ies hoey &YslyauprMq jhwz dy 24 svwrW nUM kYnyfw AMdr jwx dw hukm hoieAw[ienHW iv`coN 20 svwr qW pihlW hI kYnyfw ivKy rih rhy sn Aqy 4

(66) (67)

svwr ijnHW nUM auqwrn dw &Yslw hoieAw auh fwktr rGUnwQ dwprvwr sI[ jdoN fwktr dy prvwr nUM iemIgRySn AiDkwrI auqwrnl`gy qW srdwr gurid`q isMG ny ies dw ivroD kIqw[ aunHW ikhw ikjhwz iv`c musw&rW dI ishqXwbI leI fwktr dI zrUrq sI Aqyiesy kMm leI ies nUM BrqI kIqw igAw sI[ pr AiDkwrIAW nysrdwr swihb dI g`l nw mMnI[ Asl iv`c fwktr rGUnwQ srkwrIjwsUs sI Aqy srkwr ny aus dIAW syvwvW bdly kwnUMn qoN bwhr jwky m`dd kIqI[ ie`k hor jwsUs Bwg isMG jo musw&rW iv`c hI sI,aus ny vI auqwrn leI &irAwd kIqI pr AiDkwrIAW ny nWh krid`qI[

ieM\ ie`k pwsy jhwz dI vwpsI sMbMDI KuSIAW mnweIAW jwrhIAW sn pr dUjy pwsy musw&rW dy mn gmW iv`c fu`by pey sn[kYnyfw srkwr ij`q dy jSn mnw rhI sI jd ik musw&r As&lqwdy A&sos iv`c sn[ gurU sihbwn dw is`KW nUM BwvyN aupdyS hY:

suK duK dono sm kr jwnY Aaur mwn Apmwnw]hrK sog qy rhY AqIqw iqin jgu qqu pCwnw (211)]pr ieh ylH hY bhuq kTn[ musw&r qW pihlW hI 4 mhIinAW

qoN jhwz iv`c qVy hoey du`K Bog rhy sn[ A`goN vwps jwx leI domhIny qoN v`D dw smW Aw irhw sI Aqy ieh vI pqw nhIN sI ik A`gyjw ky kI bIqxw hY[ pr gurU 'qy Brosw hox kwrn Aqy ies nUM r`bIhukm mMnx kwrn sB musw&r cVHdI klw iv`c sn[ aus smyN dyAKbwrW AMdr drz hY ik vwps prqx smyN musw&rW dy ichirAW qykoeI gm idKweI nhIN sI dy irhw[

kwmwgwtw mwrU dw kYnyfw dI bMdrgwh qoN clxw23 julweI 1914 dw idn kYnyfw dy ieiqhws AMdr ihMdusqwnI

musw&rW leI mwno ie`k kwlw idn ho inbiVAw[ do mhIinAW dI jdojihd auprMq srkwr dI bdnIqI kwrn svyry 5.30 vjy ieh jhwzvYnkUvr dI bMdrgwh qoN vwpsI leI c`ilAw[ kuJ dUrI q`k ih&wjqvjoN nyvI dw jMgI byVw 'rynbo' vI nwl c`ilAw[ jhwz c`lx ip`CoNkYnyfw dy gvrnr jnrl ny hWgkWg dy gvrnr jnrl nUM qwr Byj

ky sUicq kIqw ik kwmwgwtw mwrU dy swry musw&rW nUM is`Dw ihMdusqwnByijAw jwvy[ qwr iv`c ieh vI iliKAw ik jykr jhwz dw ptydwriksy Avjwny dI mMg kry qW aus nUM pkV ky aus au`pr byinXmIAW dwkys drz kIqw jwvy[

s&r qih krdw jhwz 16 Agsq nUM Xokohwm jdoN phuMicAw qWhWgkWg dy klonIAl sk`qr dI ic`TI BweI gurid`q isMG nUM imlI[ies ic`TI iv`c iliKAw sI ik BwvyN quhwnUM kYnyfw dy AiDkwrIAW nykwmwgwtw mwrU nUM hWg kWg Awaux leI rwhdwrI dw prvwnw id`qwhoieAw hY pr AMdrKwqy swjS ho rhI hY ik ieh ie`Qy nhIN Awskdy[ Bwv srkwrW v`loN hwQI dy dMd Kwx nUM hor Aqy idKwx nUM horvwlI koJI cwl jwrI sI[ jhwz dy mwlk 'qy vI srkwr ny dbwA pwky gurid`q isMG nUM sunyhw phuMcwieAw ik auh jhwz lY ky koby phuMcy[ieM\ 21 Agsq nUM jhwz koby (jpwn) phuMc igAw[ ie`Qy musw&rW nyaunHW ivru`D ho rhIAW vDIkIAW ivru`D brqwnvI kONsl dy d&qrA`gy muzwhrw kIqw[ aunHW ieh vI mMg kIqI ik jykr jhwz nUMihMdusqwn phuMcwxw hY qW srkwr 19 hzwr izMn ^rcw dvy[ Asliv`c srkwr dI mnSw musw&rW nUM igR&qwr krn dI sI[ iesy leIihMdusqwn srkwr jhwz dw ievzwnw dyx leI sihmq ho geI sI[aunHI idnI sMswr dw pihlw mhW Xu`D vI iCV igAw sI[

2 sqMbr nUM kwmwgwtw mwrU koby qoN c`l ky 19 sqMbr nUM isMGwpurphuMc igAw[ BwvyN srdwr gurid`q isMG ie`Qy auqrnw cwhuMdy sn prisMGwpur dy gvrnr ny auqrn leI AwigAw nhIN id`qI[ hor qW hormusw&rW nUM Kwx-pIx dw smwn vI KrIdx nw id`qw[ jvwhr m`lAqy aus dw Brw koby qoN ies jhwz iv`c svwr hoey sn[auhisMGwpur au~qr ky bMbeI jwxw cwhuMdy sn[ aunHW nUM vI auqrn nwid`qw[ ihMdusqwn dI brqwnvI srkwr ny 5 sqMbr 1914 nUM ie`k'AMqr pRvyS Purmwn' jwrI kIqw ik ivdySW qoN Aw rhy gdrI bMidAWdI jWc pVqwl cMgI qrHW kIqI jwvy[ isMGwpur qoN 19 sqMbr nUM iehjhwz A`gy c`l ipAw[ rsqy iv`c 26 sqMbr nUM ie`k XUrpIn A&srny Awpxy bMdy lgw ky jhwz dy musw&rW dI qlwSI leI pr ienHW pwsoNkoeI ieqrwz vwlI vsqU nw imlI[

(68) (69)

svwr ijnHW nUM auqwrn dw &Yslw hoieAw auh fwktr rGUnwQ dwprvwr sI[ jdoN fwktr dy prvwr nUM iemIgRySn AiDkwrI auqwrnl`gy qW srdwr gurid`q isMG ny ies dw ivroD kIqw[ aunHW ikhw ikjhwz iv`c musw&rW dI ishqXwbI leI fwktr dI zrUrq sI Aqyiesy kMm leI ies nUM BrqI kIqw igAw sI[ pr AiDkwrIAW nysrdwr swihb dI g`l nw mMnI[ Asl iv`c fwktr rGUnwQ srkwrIjwsUs sI Aqy srkwr ny aus dIAW syvwvW bdly kwnUMn qoN bwhr jwky m`dd kIqI[ ie`k hor jwsUs Bwg isMG jo musw&rW iv`c hI sI,aus ny vI auqwrn leI &irAwd kIqI pr AiDkwrIAW ny nWh krid`qI[

ieM\ ie`k pwsy jhwz dI vwpsI sMbMDI KuSIAW mnweIAW jwrhIAW sn pr dUjy pwsy musw&rW dy mn gmW iv`c fu`by pey sn[kYnyfw srkwr ij`q dy jSn mnw rhI sI jd ik musw&r As&lqwdy A&sos iv`c sn[ gurU sihbwn dw is`KW nUM BwvyN aupdyS hY:

suK duK dono sm kr jwnY Aaur mwn Apmwnw]hrK sog qy rhY AqIqw iqin jgu qqu pCwnw (211)]pr ieh ylH hY bhuq kTn[ musw&r qW pihlW hI 4 mhIinAW

qoN jhwz iv`c qVy hoey du`K Bog rhy sn[ A`goN vwps jwx leI domhIny qoN v`D dw smW Aw irhw sI Aqy ieh vI pqw nhIN sI ik A`gyjw ky kI bIqxw hY[ pr gurU 'qy Brosw hox kwrn Aqy ies nUM r`bIhukm mMnx kwrn sB musw&r cVHdI klw iv`c sn[ aus smyN dyAKbwrW AMdr drz hY ik vwps prqx smyN musw&rW dy ichirAW qykoeI gm idKweI nhIN sI dy irhw[

kwmwgwtw mwrU dw kYnyfw dI bMdrgwh qoN clxw23 julweI 1914 dw idn kYnyfw dy ieiqhws AMdr ihMdusqwnI

musw&rW leI mwno ie`k kwlw idn ho inbiVAw[ do mhIinAW dI jdojihd auprMq srkwr dI bdnIqI kwrn svyry 5.30 vjy ieh jhwzvYnkUvr dI bMdrgwh qoN vwpsI leI c`ilAw[ kuJ dUrI q`k ih&wjqvjoN nyvI dw jMgI byVw 'rynbo' vI nwl c`ilAw[ jhwz c`lx ip`CoNkYnyfw dy gvrnr jnrl ny hWgkWg dy gvrnr jnrl nUM qwr Byj

ky sUicq kIqw ik kwmwgwtw mwrU dy swry musw&rW nUM is`Dw ihMdusqwnByijAw jwvy[ qwr iv`c ieh vI iliKAw ik jykr jhwz dw ptydwriksy Avjwny dI mMg kry qW aus nUM pkV ky aus au`pr byinXmIAW dwkys drz kIqw jwvy[

s&r qih krdw jhwz 16 Agsq nUM Xokohwm jdoN phuMicAw qWhWgkWg dy klonIAl sk`qr dI ic`TI BweI gurid`q isMG nUM imlI[ies ic`TI iv`c iliKAw sI ik BwvyN quhwnUM kYnyfw dy AiDkwrIAW nykwmwgwtw mwrU nUM hWg kWg Awaux leI rwhdwrI dw prvwnw id`qwhoieAw hY pr AMdrKwqy swjS ho rhI hY ik ieh ie`Qy nhIN Awskdy[ Bwv srkwrW v`loN hwQI dy dMd Kwx nUM hor Aqy idKwx nUM horvwlI koJI cwl jwrI sI[ jhwz dy mwlk 'qy vI srkwr ny dbwA pwky gurid`q isMG nUM sunyhw phuMcwieAw ik auh jhwz lY ky koby phuMcy[ieM\ 21 Agsq nUM jhwz koby (jpwn) phuMc igAw[ ie`Qy musw&rW nyaunHW ivru`D ho rhIAW vDIkIAW ivru`D brqwnvI kONsl dy d&qrA`gy muzwhrw kIqw[ aunHW ieh vI mMg kIqI ik jykr jhwz nUMihMdusqwn phuMcwxw hY qW srkwr 19 hzwr izMn ^rcw dvy[ Asliv`c srkwr dI mnSw musw&rW nUM igR&qwr krn dI sI[ iesy leIihMdusqwn srkwr jhwz dw ievzwnw dyx leI sihmq ho geI sI[aunHI idnI sMswr dw pihlw mhW Xu`D vI iCV igAw sI[

2 sqMbr nUM kwmwgwtw mwrU koby qoN c`l ky 19 sqMbr nUM isMGwpurphuMc igAw[ BwvyN srdwr gurid`q isMG ie`Qy auqrnw cwhuMdy sn prisMGwpur dy gvrnr ny auqrn leI AwigAw nhIN id`qI[ hor qW hormusw&rW nUM Kwx-pIx dw smwn vI KrIdx nw id`qw[ jvwhr m`lAqy aus dw Brw koby qoN ies jhwz iv`c svwr hoey sn[auhisMGwpur au~qr ky bMbeI jwxw cwhuMdy sn[ aunHW nUM vI auqrn nwid`qw[ ihMdusqwn dI brqwnvI srkwr ny 5 sqMbr 1914 nUM ie`k'AMqr pRvyS Purmwn' jwrI kIqw ik ivdySW qoN Aw rhy gdrI bMidAWdI jWc pVqwl cMgI qrHW kIqI jwvy[ isMGwpur qoN 19 sqMbr nUM iehjhwz A`gy c`l ipAw[ rsqy iv`c 26 sqMbr nUM ie`k XUrpIn A&srny Awpxy bMdy lgw ky jhwz dy musw&rW dI qlwSI leI pr ienHW pwsoNkoeI ieqrwz vwlI vsqU nw imlI[

(68) (69)

bj bj Gwt 'qy kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM rokxwkwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM 29 sqMbr vwly idn klk`qw qoN 17

mIl pry hI bj bj Gwt qy rok ilAw[ ies sMbMDI jwxkwrI jdoNBweI gurid`q isMG ny A&sr qoN jwxnw cwhI qW aus ny AwiKAw,“srkwrI hukm Anuswr swry musw&rW nUM ryl g`fI rwhIN pMjwb lYjwxw hY”[ srdwr swihb ny ikhw, “ieh ikauN? qW A&sr ny ikhw,“myry nwl bhuqI bihs krn dI loV nhIN AsIN qW srkwrI hukmpugwauxw hY[” A&sr ny musw&rW nUM bVy kRoD Bry SbdW 'c AwiKAwik swry hukm mMn ky bwhr Aw jwau nhIN qW mwry jwauNgy[ A&srW dwkur^q rv`eIAw dyK BweI gurid`q isMG sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI sIs'qy r`K swry musw&rW smyq vwihgurU vwihgurU pukwrdy jhwz qoN bwhrAw gey[ dupihr dy qkrIbn 2 vjy sn[ iehnW kpVw ivCw ky sRIgurU gRMQ siwhb jI nUM au~cI jgHw suSoBq kr id`qw Aqy swry musw&ries dy duAwly bYT vwihgurU dw jwp krn l`g pey[ kuJ smyN ip`CoNie`k AMgryz A&sr AwieAw Aqy aus ny AwiKAw, “swry bMdy jldIau~To Aqy g`fI iv`c bYYTo[” A`goN gurid`q isMG ny inmrqw sihq ikhwik AsIN bhuq Q`ky hoey hW swnUM klk`qy phuMcw idau qW ik AsIN sRIgurU gRMQ swihb jI gurduAwrw swihb ivKy suSoBq kr deIey[ AsINjhwz dy mwlkW nwl ihswb-ikqwb vI inptwauxw hY[ ies qoNielwvw AsIN vkIl kr ky Awaux jwx dy s&r sMbMDI kwnMUnIkwrvweI vI krnI hY[

sB musw&r cu`p-cwp bYTy A&sr dI g`l iDAwn nwl sux rhysn[ pr A&sr ny D`kw krnw cwihAw Aqy pulIs dI shwieqw nwliK`c DUh kr ky g`fI iv`c ljwx dI koiSS kIqI[ aus ny ieh vIAwiKAw ik quhwnUM igR&qwr kIqw jw cu`kw hY[ BweI gurid`q isMG nyAwiKAw, “swnUM igRPqwrI dy vrMt idKwau, AsIN g`fI nhIN cVHnwAqy klk`qy jwxw hY[” pr gzt Aw& ieMfIAw, jnvrI 14, 1915dy pMnw 18-19 qy iliKAw hoieAw hY ik Swhpur dy 17 muslmwn Aqy42 hor bMdy g`fI cVHn leI sihmq ho gey sn[

bj bj Gwt dw KUnI duKWqkwmwgwtw mwrU dy swry musw&r jlUs dI Skl iv`c klk`qw v`l

nUM c`l pey[ pMjwb qoN AweI pulIs Aqy AMgryz A&sr nwl qur rhysn[ qurn smyN ie`k AMgryz A&sr ny bMdUk idKw ky ienHW nUMfrwieAw Aqy DmkwieAw[ ies dw BYVw vqIrw dyK musw&r ieMdrisMG Aqy Amr isMG roh iv`c Aw gey Aqy CwqIAW qwx ky A&srnUM AwiKAw, “mwr swfy golIAW, AsIN mrn nUM iqAwr hW”[ jlUsSWqmeI Skl iv`c jdoN iqMn ku mIl dUr igAw qW pMj AMgryzA&srW ny au~Qy Aw ky musw&rW v`l nUM bMdUkW is`DIAW kr leIAW[ienHW jlUs nUM rokx dw Xqn kIqw pr As&l rhy[ musw&r qurdyqurdy ie`k mIl hor A`gy cly gey[ ie`Qy bMgwl srkwr dw mu`K sk`qrimstr koimMg phuMc igAw[ ies dy nwl kYptn mUr vI 150 &OjIAWsmyq Aw igAw[ imstr koimMg ny srdwr gurid`q isMG nwl bVIAWim`TIAW im`TIAW g`lW kIqIAW[ies ny AwiKAw, “mYN quhwfI g`lbwqgvrnr nwl krvw ky sB byiensw&IAW dUr krvw dyvWgw[ pr ie`QynhIN bj bj Gwt 'qy ip`Cy c`lo[” is`K bMdy nUM bMdw jwx ky aus 'qyBrosw kr lYNdw hY[ bMdw krdw qW sB kuJ cMgy leI hY pr hoxI joie`k gupq SkqI hY Aqy ijs dy BydW bwry ik Awaux vwly smyN iv`caus ny kI Bwxw vrqwauxw hY, koeI nhIN jwxdw[ bMdw l`K Xqn kryhoxI tldI nhIN[ c`ly qW musw&r klk`qy v`l nUM sI pr A&sr dIg`l mMn ky ip`Cy nUM muV pey[ gurbwxI dy bol hn:

mqw kry pCm kI qweI pUrb hI ly jwq]

bMdy dy m`Qy 'qy ilKy lyK nhIN imtdy[ huMdw auh hY jo Kudw nUMmnzUr hovy[ auh mwlk bMidAW dy kwly idlW nUM jMqw A`gy pRgtwauxleI AYsw Bwxw vrqwauNdw hY jo ieiqhws bx jWdw hY[ kwly idlvwilAW dy kIqy zulm nUM JlidAW s`icAW nUM kurbwnI dyxI pYNdI hYpr AKIr ij`q s`c dI hI huMdI hY[ Awaux vwly smyN AMdr ShIdW dIjY jY kwr huMdI hY, jd ik jwlmW nUM iPtkwrW pYNdIAW hn[ ijvyNgurbwxI AMdr AMikq hY:

scy mwrig clidAw ausqq kry jhwn]

(70) (71)

bj bj Gwt 'qy kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM rokxwkwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz nUM 29 sqMbr vwly idn klk`qw qoN 17

mIl pry hI bj bj Gwt qy rok ilAw[ ies sMbMDI jwxkwrI jdoNBweI gurid`q isMG ny A&sr qoN jwxnw cwhI qW aus ny AwiKAw,“srkwrI hukm Anuswr swry musw&rW nUM ryl g`fI rwhIN pMjwb lYjwxw hY”[ srdwr swihb ny ikhw, “ieh ikauN? qW A&sr ny ikhw,“myry nwl bhuqI bihs krn dI loV nhIN AsIN qW srkwrI hukmpugwauxw hY[” A&sr ny musw&rW nUM bVy kRoD Bry SbdW 'c AwiKAwik swry hukm mMn ky bwhr Aw jwau nhIN qW mwry jwauNgy[ A&srW dwkur^q rv`eIAw dyK BweI gurid`q isMG sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI sIs'qy r`K swry musw&rW smyq vwihgurU vwihgurU pukwrdy jhwz qoN bwhrAw gey[ dupihr dy qkrIbn 2 vjy sn[ iehnW kpVw ivCw ky sRIgurU gRMQ siwhb jI nUM au~cI jgHw suSoBq kr id`qw Aqy swry musw&ries dy duAwly bYT vwihgurU dw jwp krn l`g pey[ kuJ smyN ip`CoNie`k AMgryz A&sr AwieAw Aqy aus ny AwiKAw, “swry bMdy jldIau~To Aqy g`fI iv`c bYYTo[” A`goN gurid`q isMG ny inmrqw sihq ikhwik AsIN bhuq Q`ky hoey hW swnUM klk`qy phuMcw idau qW ik AsIN sRIgurU gRMQ swihb jI gurduAwrw swihb ivKy suSoBq kr deIey[ AsINjhwz dy mwlkW nwl ihswb-ikqwb vI inptwauxw hY[ ies qoNielwvw AsIN vkIl kr ky Awaux jwx dy s&r sMbMDI kwnMUnIkwrvweI vI krnI hY[

sB musw&r cu`p-cwp bYTy A&sr dI g`l iDAwn nwl sux rhysn[ pr A&sr ny D`kw krnw cwihAw Aqy pulIs dI shwieqw nwliK`c DUh kr ky g`fI iv`c ljwx dI koiSS kIqI[ aus ny ieh vIAwiKAw ik quhwnUM igR&qwr kIqw jw cu`kw hY[ BweI gurid`q isMG nyAwiKAw, “swnUM igRPqwrI dy vrMt idKwau, AsIN g`fI nhIN cVHnwAqy klk`qy jwxw hY[” pr gzt Aw& ieMfIAw, jnvrI 14, 1915dy pMnw 18-19 qy iliKAw hoieAw hY ik Swhpur dy 17 muslmwn Aqy42 hor bMdy g`fI cVHn leI sihmq ho gey sn[

bj bj Gwt dw KUnI duKWqkwmwgwtw mwrU dy swry musw&r jlUs dI Skl iv`c klk`qw v`l

nUM c`l pey[ pMjwb qoN AweI pulIs Aqy AMgryz A&sr nwl qur rhysn[ qurn smyN ie`k AMgryz A&sr ny bMdUk idKw ky ienHW nUMfrwieAw Aqy DmkwieAw[ ies dw BYVw vqIrw dyK musw&r ieMdrisMG Aqy Amr isMG roh iv`c Aw gey Aqy CwqIAW qwx ky A&srnUM AwiKAw, “mwr swfy golIAW, AsIN mrn nUM iqAwr hW”[ jlUsSWqmeI Skl iv`c jdoN iqMn ku mIl dUr igAw qW pMj AMgryzA&srW ny au~Qy Aw ky musw&rW v`l nUM bMdUkW is`DIAW kr leIAW[ienHW jlUs nUM rokx dw Xqn kIqw pr As&l rhy[ musw&r qurdyqurdy ie`k mIl hor A`gy cly gey[ ie`Qy bMgwl srkwr dw mu`K sk`qrimstr koimMg phuMc igAw[ ies dy nwl kYptn mUr vI 150 &OjIAWsmyq Aw igAw[ imstr koimMg ny srdwr gurid`q isMG nwl bVIAWim`TIAW im`TIAW g`lW kIqIAW[ies ny AwiKAw, “mYN quhwfI g`lbwqgvrnr nwl krvw ky sB byiensw&IAW dUr krvw dyvWgw[ pr ie`QynhIN bj bj Gwt 'qy ip`Cy c`lo[” is`K bMdy nUM bMdw jwx ky aus 'qyBrosw kr lYNdw hY[ bMdw krdw qW sB kuJ cMgy leI hY pr hoxI joie`k gupq SkqI hY Aqy ijs dy BydW bwry ik Awaux vwly smyN iv`caus ny kI Bwxw vrqwauxw hY, koeI nhIN jwxdw[ bMdw l`K Xqn kryhoxI tldI nhIN[ c`ly qW musw&r klk`qy v`l nUM sI pr A&sr dIg`l mMn ky ip`Cy nUM muV pey[ gurbwxI dy bol hn:

mqw kry pCm kI qweI pUrb hI ly jwq]

bMdy dy m`Qy 'qy ilKy lyK nhIN imtdy[ huMdw auh hY jo Kudw nUMmnzUr hovy[ auh mwlk bMidAW dy kwly idlW nUM jMqw A`gy pRgtwauxleI AYsw Bwxw vrqwauNdw hY jo ieiqhws bx jWdw hY[ kwly idlvwilAW dy kIqy zulm nUM JlidAW s`icAW nUM kurbwnI dyxI pYNdI hYpr AKIr ij`q s`c dI hI huMdI hY[ Awaux vwly smyN AMdr ShIdW dIjY jY kwr huMdI hY, jd ik jwlmW nUM iPtkwrW pYNdIAW hn[ ijvyNgurbwxI AMdr AMikq hY:

scy mwrig clidAw ausqq kry jhwn]

(70) (71)

ieh Q`ky-tu`ty musw&r jdoN bj bj v`l jw rhy sn qW rsqyiv`c ipAws l`gx kwrn ienHW ny pwxI pIx dI mohlq mMgI prpulIs ny mnHw kr id`qw[ gurid`q isMG dw s`q swl dw b`cw qW bhuqhI qMg sI[ qkrIbn Swm dy s`q ku vjy ieh j`Qw bj bj Gwt 'qyphuMc igAw[ ienHW ny sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI nUM nvyklI ijhI au~cI QWdyK ky suSobq kr id`qw[ Swm hox kwrn musw&rW ny 'so dru rihrws'dw pwT AwrMB kr id`qw[ pwT jwrI sI pr puils kpqwn eIstv`ufny BweI gurid`q isMG nUM bwhr Awaux leI ieSwrw kIqw[ aunHW ikhw,pwT dI smwpqI ip`CoN auh bwhr Aw ky imlygw[ jdoN Ardws ho rhIsI qW eIstvu`f ny ie`k pulIs vwly qoN fMfw lY ky gurid`q isMG v``lvDx dI koiSS kIqI[ musw&rW ny eIstvuf nUM rukx leI ikhw prauh nw ruikAw[ieqny nUM muswiPr tihl isMG ny eIstvu`f qoN fMfwKoh ilAw[ ies ip`CoN eIstvu`f ny gu`sy 'c Aw ky Awpxy ipsqOl rwhINdo &wier kr id`qy[ ieh g`l mYkm jwrj ny AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw94-96 qy AMikq kIqI hY[ iesy qrHW BweI gurid`q isMG ny vIAwpxI jIvn gwQw iv`c ies dw vyrvw id`qw hY[

eIstv`uf v`loN golI clwaux auprMq puils ny vI &wierMg krid`qI[ ies qrHW musw&rW 'c BgdV m`c geI[ ie`k puils vwly nyBweI swihb dy byty nUM cu`kx dI koiSS kIqI pr aus dy cIK ichwVynUM dyK C`f id`qw[ musw&rW ny BweI gurid`q isMG nUM ie`ky dm iKskjwx leI AwiKAw[ pr mrd hox dy nwqy Aqy gurU dw isMG hox krky aus ny B`jx qoN nWh kr id`qI[ hwlwq ivgVdy dyK do musw&rW(BweI Twkr isMG, ipMf audonMgl, ijlHw AMimRqsr Aqy drbwrwisMG ipMf mwlw, ijlHw &Irozpur ny BweI swihb nUM moiFAW qy cu`ikAwAqy iksy AigAwq jgHw 'qy lY gey[ golI ruk ruk ky rwq dy iqMn vjyq`k cldI rhI[ ies dOrwn 20 is`K mwry gey[ ies qoN ielwvwpuils kpqwn eIstvu`f, do XUrpIAn (ie`k puils A&sr qy ie`krylvy krmcwrI) 2 pMjwb pulIs dy A&sr Aqy 2 bj bj ielwky dyinvwsI vI mwry gey[ ies Gtnw iv`c 211 musw&r igRPqwr kr leyAqy srdwr gurid`q isMG smyq 28 musw&r dOVn iv`c s&l ho gey[pkVy hoey musw&rW nwl pulIs ny bhuq GtIAw slUk kIqw Aqy

iGnwauxy qsIhy vI id`qy[ PtV hoey musw&rW nUM pulIs Aqy &OjIkrmcwrIAW v`loN Xog fwktrI shwieqw nhIN id`qI geI[

ies Gtnw dI pVqwl leI 15 AkqUbr 1914 nUM Bwrq dIbrqwnIAW srkwr ny ie`k pVqwlIAw kmytI bxweI[ ies kmytIiv`c AweI. sI. AYs. p`Dr dy bMgwl Aqy pMjwb dy A&sr ley gey[sr fblXU ivMnstn nUM kmytI dw pRDwn bxwieAw jd ik sr ibjYcMd mihqwb, imstr &rYsn pMjwb dy sn Aqy srdwr dljIq isMGqy, AY~c vwlmsly bMgwl qoN mNYbr sn[ ieh kmytIAW srkwr v`loNlokW dIAW A`KW iv`c G`tw pwaux Aqy pRBwvI bMidAW jW aunHW dyprvwrW dIAW A`KW pUMJx leI hI bxweIAW jWdIAW hn[ dUjw, iehmsly nUM TMFw pwaux leI huMdIAW hn[ qIjw ienHW dw nqIjw srkwrp`KI hI huMdw hY ikauNik srkwrI bMdy srkwr dw p`K pUrdy hn[

pVqwlIAw kmytI ny fyF ku mhIny ip`CoN 3 dsMbr 1914 nUM AYsIirport hI bj bj Gwt dy duKWq bwry pyS kIqI[ swrI irport dwq`q swr ieh sI:1. kmytI Anuswr musw&rW ny pulIs au~pr pihlW golI clweI[

ies iv`c koeI scweI nhIN lgdI ikauNik jhwz dI do vwrqlwSI leI geI sI Aqy musw&rW dw smwn vI cMgI inrKnwl puils ny dyiKAw sI[ Bwv musw&rW koloN koeI vI hiQAwrAwid vsqU pRwpq nhIN sI hoeI[

2. kmytI ny musw&rW 'qy pulIs v`loN kIqy qSd`d nUM vI A`KoN proKykr id`qw[ ie`k rylvy mulwzm ny kmytI A`gy ibAwn id`qw ikmYN AwpxIAW A`KW nwl ie`k musw&r mMgl isMG nUM KMBy nwlnUiVAw dyiKAw[ aus nUM puils ny ies qrHW ks ky r`sy nwlbMinAw hoieAw sI ik aus dy pYr DrqI qy nhIN sI l`gy hoey[kmytI ny ieqnw hI iliKAw ik musw&r nwl s^qI zrUr vrqIgeI pr rylvy krmcwrI dw ibAwn pUrw shI nhIN hY[

3. pVqlIAw kmytI ny mwry gey musw&rW dI igxqI G`t d`sx dwXqn kIqw qW ik lok roh iv`c nw Aw jwx[ sMswr jMg iCVnkwrn srkwr ny BrqI KolHI hoeI sI[ srkwr nUM fr sI ikbj bj kWf nUM sux ky is`K BrqI hox qoN juvwb nw dyx jWsrkwr ivru`D gdrIAW iv`c Swml nw ho jwx[

(72) (73)

ieh Q`ky-tu`ty musw&r jdoN bj bj v`l jw rhy sn qW rsqyiv`c ipAws l`gx kwrn ienHW ny pwxI pIx dI mohlq mMgI prpulIs ny mnHw kr id`qw[ gurid`q isMG dw s`q swl dw b`cw qW bhuqhI qMg sI[ qkrIbn Swm dy s`q ku vjy ieh j`Qw bj bj Gwt 'qyphuMc igAw[ ienHW ny sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI nUM nvyklI ijhI au~cI QWdyK ky suSobq kr id`qw[ Swm hox kwrn musw&rW ny 'so dru rihrws'dw pwT AwrMB kr id`qw[ pwT jwrI sI pr puils kpqwn eIstv`ufny BweI gurid`q isMG nUM bwhr Awaux leI ieSwrw kIqw[ aunHW ikhw,pwT dI smwpqI ip`CoN auh bwhr Aw ky imlygw[ jdoN Ardws ho rhIsI qW eIstvu`f ny ie`k pulIs vwly qoN fMfw lY ky gurid`q isMG v``lvDx dI koiSS kIqI[ musw&rW ny eIstvuf nUM rukx leI ikhw prauh nw ruikAw[ieqny nUM muswiPr tihl isMG ny eIstvu`f qoN fMfwKoh ilAw[ ies ip`CoN eIstvu`f ny gu`sy 'c Aw ky Awpxy ipsqOl rwhINdo &wier kr id`qy[ ieh g`l mYkm jwrj ny AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw94-96 qy AMikq kIqI hY[ iesy qrHW BweI gurid`q isMG ny vIAwpxI jIvn gwQw iv`c ies dw vyrvw id`qw hY[

eIstv`uf v`loN golI clwaux auprMq puils ny vI &wierMg krid`qI[ ies qrHW musw&rW 'c BgdV m`c geI[ ie`k puils vwly nyBweI swihb dy byty nUM cu`kx dI koiSS kIqI pr aus dy cIK ichwVynUM dyK C`f id`qw[ musw&rW ny BweI gurid`q isMG nUM ie`ky dm iKskjwx leI AwiKAw[ pr mrd hox dy nwqy Aqy gurU dw isMG hox krky aus ny B`jx qoN nWh kr id`qI[ hwlwq ivgVdy dyK do musw&rW(BweI Twkr isMG, ipMf audonMgl, ijlHw AMimRqsr Aqy drbwrwisMG ipMf mwlw, ijlHw &Irozpur ny BweI swihb nUM moiFAW qy cu`ikAwAqy iksy AigAwq jgHw 'qy lY gey[ golI ruk ruk ky rwq dy iqMn vjyq`k cldI rhI[ ies dOrwn 20 is`K mwry gey[ ies qoN ielwvwpuils kpqwn eIstvu`f, do XUrpIAn (ie`k puils A&sr qy ie`krylvy krmcwrI) 2 pMjwb pulIs dy A&sr Aqy 2 bj bj ielwky dyinvwsI vI mwry gey[ ies Gtnw iv`c 211 musw&r igRPqwr kr leyAqy srdwr gurid`q isMG smyq 28 musw&r dOVn iv`c s&l ho gey[pkVy hoey musw&rW nwl pulIs ny bhuq GtIAw slUk kIqw Aqy

iGnwauxy qsIhy vI id`qy[ PtV hoey musw&rW nUM pulIs Aqy &OjIkrmcwrIAW v`loN Xog fwktrI shwieqw nhIN id`qI geI[

ies Gtnw dI pVqwl leI 15 AkqUbr 1914 nUM Bwrq dIbrqwnIAW srkwr ny ie`k pVqwlIAw kmytI bxweI[ ies kmytIiv`c AweI. sI. AYs. p`Dr dy bMgwl Aqy pMjwb dy A&sr ley gey[sr fblXU ivMnstn nUM kmytI dw pRDwn bxwieAw jd ik sr ibjYcMd mihqwb, imstr &rYsn pMjwb dy sn Aqy srdwr dljIq isMGqy, AY~c vwlmsly bMgwl qoN mNYbr sn[ ieh kmytIAW srkwr v`loNlokW dIAW A`KW iv`c G`tw pwaux Aqy pRBwvI bMidAW jW aunHW dyprvwrW dIAW A`KW pUMJx leI hI bxweIAW jWdIAW hn[ dUjw, iehmsly nUM TMFw pwaux leI huMdIAW hn[ qIjw ienHW dw nqIjw srkwrp`KI hI huMdw hY ikauNik srkwrI bMdy srkwr dw p`K pUrdy hn[

pVqwlIAw kmytI ny fyF ku mhIny ip`CoN 3 dsMbr 1914 nUM AYsIirport hI bj bj Gwt dy duKWq bwry pyS kIqI[ swrI irport dwq`q swr ieh sI:1. kmytI Anuswr musw&rW ny pulIs au~pr pihlW golI clweI[

ies iv`c koeI scweI nhIN lgdI ikauNik jhwz dI do vwrqlwSI leI geI sI Aqy musw&rW dw smwn vI cMgI inrKnwl puils ny dyiKAw sI[ Bwv musw&rW koloN koeI vI hiQAwrAwid vsqU pRwpq nhIN sI hoeI[

2. kmytI ny musw&rW 'qy pulIs v`loN kIqy qSd`d nUM vI A`KoN proKykr id`qw[ ie`k rylvy mulwzm ny kmytI A`gy ibAwn id`qw ikmYN AwpxIAW A`KW nwl ie`k musw&r mMgl isMG nUM KMBy nwlnUiVAw dyiKAw[ aus nUM puils ny ies qrHW ks ky r`sy nwlbMinAw hoieAw sI ik aus dy pYr DrqI qy nhIN sI l`gy hoey[kmytI ny ieqnw hI iliKAw ik musw&r nwl s^qI zrUr vrqIgeI pr rylvy krmcwrI dw ibAwn pUrw shI nhIN hY[

3. pVqlIAw kmytI ny mwry gey musw&rW dI igxqI G`t d`sx dwXqn kIqw qW ik lok roh iv`c nw Aw jwx[ sMswr jMg iCVnkwrn srkwr ny BrqI KolHI hoeI sI[ srkwr nUM fr sI ikbj bj kWf nUM sux ky is`K BrqI hox qoN juvwb nw dyx jWsrkwr ivru`D gdrIAW iv`c Swml nw ho jwx[

(72) (73)

4. imstr bUirl ny kwmwgwtw mwrU dI vwpsI smyN Sor kmytI nwlvwAdw kIqw sI ik aunHW v`loN kIqy ^rcy dy sMbMD 'c inrp`KkimSn ibTwvWgy[ 26 sqMbr 1914 nUM imstr klOgstn nUMies kMm leI kimSnr inXukq qW kIqw pr aus dI irportjo ie`k mhIny 'c mukMml ho geI iensw& rihq sI[ aus nyAwpxI irport dI pihlI pMgqI 'c hI ilK id`qw ik gurid`qisMG by-AsUlw bMdw hY[ A`gy jw ky aus aup`r AmIr hox dw,JUT bolx dw, kYnyfw dy kwnUMn qoN Axjwx Aqy musw&rW nUMGtIAw Kwxw dyx dw doS miVHAw[ hor qW hor aus ny iliKAwik is`KW AMdr zwq-pwq dI Bwvnw hY[

5. AKIr 'qy aus ny iliKAw ik ieh is`K k`tV gdrI hn AqyienHW nUM koeI ievzwnw nhIN dyxw cwhIdw[ ies ny ieh suJwAvI id`qw ik Sor kmytI ivru`D kwrvweI hoxI cwhIdI hY ijs nykwmwgwtw mwrU musw&rW leI hmdrdI pRgtweI Aqy Dn iek`Twkrky id`qw[

ieh auprokq kmytI bxweI qW kwmwgwtw mwrU dy vwpry duKWqsMbMDI is`KW dy A`ly j^mW 'qy mrHm lwaux leI sI pr ies kmytI dIirport mwno zKmW 'qy lUx iCVkx dy qu`l sI[ kmytI ny srkwrI p`KdI pUrqI leI s`c, iemwndwrI, qrs Aqy iensw& nUM l`q mwrid`qI[ srkwr Aqy gory lokW dw vrqwvw dyK 1915 iv`c qkrIbn249 is`K kYnyfw qoN vwps cly gey sn[ ienHW dI iemIgRySn 1914 qoN1920 q`k lg Bg bMd hI ho geI sI (bOrfn pyprz Agsq 11,1915 Aqy pUrn isMG, 2008)[

kYlgrI kYnyfIAn A^bwr ny swmrwjI nIqIAW dI AwlocnwkIqI ik brqwnvI nwgirk nUM brqwnvI swmrwj dy ie`k dyS qoN dUjyjw ky vsx dI AwigAw ikauN nhIN id`qI jWdI? vYnkUvr qoN Cpdy'sn' (Sun) A^bwr ny vI 30 julweI 1919 nUM iliKAw ik ie`k lok-qMqrI FWcy vwlI srkwr BwrqI lokW nUM dUjIAW kOmW vWg imlyAiDkwrW qoN ikvyN vW\y r`K skdI hY, jd ik Bwrq iv`c vI ienHW dwhI rwj hY[

kOm dy gdwrW rwhIN is`KW nUM kql krwauNxwdwm Aqy dMf dI nIqI Apxw ky smyN dIAW srkwrW Awpxw

rwj Bwg kwiem r`Kx leI pwVo Aqy rwj kro dw FMg ApxwauNdIAWhn[ auh Dn dw lwlc dy ky bMdy KRId lYNdIAW hn Aqy ivroDIAW dwnukswn krn leI aunHW nUM vrqdIAW hn[ auh Awpxw au~lU is`Dwkrn leI hmySw glq nUM shI Aqy shI nUM glq drswauNdIAW hn[hor qW hor auh qW kwnUMn dy rwKy j`jW nUM vI kMno pkV ky AwpxImrzI Anuswr &Ysly krw idMdIAW hn[ auh qW ies isDWq 'qy'Rules are for the fools' (Bwv kwnUMn qW mUrKW leI huMdy hn) cldIAWhn[

ies qrHW kYnyfw Aqy Bwrq dIAW brqwnvI srkwrW ny kwmwgwtwmwrU duKWq auprMq bhuq GtIAw KyfH KyfHI[ ieh KyfH is`KW nUM lVwky,KUnI, k`tV Aqy ieMqhwpsMd is`D krn leI KyfHI geI[ ies iv`cis`KW AMdr ^wnw-jMgI krvw ky pUrI qrHW bdnwm krn dI koiSSkIqI geI[

aunHIN idnIN lokW AMdr kwmwgwtw mwrU, sMswr dy pihly mhWXu`D Aqy srkwr ivr`uD au~TI gdr lihr dIAW g`lW Awm huMdIAWsn[ srkwr ny ienHW pRqI jwsUsI krn leI hwpiknsn Aqy horkeI A&sr Awpxy ivSvwS pwqr r`Ky hoey sn[ iehnW ivru`D juMflIKVHI kIqI hoeI sI ijs dw muKI bylw isMG sI[ bylw isMG ny BweIBgvwn isMG jo hWgkWg gurduAwry iv`c gRMQI sI nUM is`KW dy Byd lYxleI isPwrS kr ky vYnkUvr mMgvwieAw sI[ pr Brvwn isMGs`cw-su`cw is`K sI, bulwrw vI cMgw sI, isdkI, isrVI Aqy dlyrhox kr ky bylw isMG dy h`QW 'c nw AwieAw[ srkwrI A&srW nyies nUM jylH 'c bMd krn dy frwby vI id`qy[ pr ies ny sB frwbyA`KoN–proKy kr ky gurduAwrw swihb ivKy jW is`K sMgq dIAW sBwvWiv`c bhuq vwr AYsy ivcwr r`Ky:

jyhlW jyhlW jyhlW, ieh swfy leI hn KylHW[

ckI ckI ckI, qusIN keI vwr ieh DkI[ hux aufw idAWgy PkI[…Bgvwn isMG dIAW AijhIAW BwvnwvW q`k ky bylw isMG ny

(74) (75)

4. imstr bUirl ny kwmwgwtw mwrU dI vwpsI smyN Sor kmytI nwlvwAdw kIqw sI ik aunHW v`loN kIqy ^rcy dy sMbMD 'c inrp`KkimSn ibTwvWgy[ 26 sqMbr 1914 nUM imstr klOgstn nUMies kMm leI kimSnr inXukq qW kIqw pr aus dI irportjo ie`k mhIny 'c mukMml ho geI iensw& rihq sI[ aus nyAwpxI irport dI pihlI pMgqI 'c hI ilK id`qw ik gurid`qisMG by-AsUlw bMdw hY[ A`gy jw ky aus aup`r AmIr hox dw,JUT bolx dw, kYnyfw dy kwnUMn qoN Axjwx Aqy musw&rW nUMGtIAw Kwxw dyx dw doS miVHAw[ hor qW hor aus ny iliKAwik is`KW AMdr zwq-pwq dI Bwvnw hY[

5. AKIr 'qy aus ny iliKAw ik ieh is`K k`tV gdrI hn AqyienHW nUM koeI ievzwnw nhIN dyxw cwhIdw[ ies ny ieh suJwAvI id`qw ik Sor kmytI ivru`D kwrvweI hoxI cwhIdI hY ijs nykwmwgwtw mwrU musw&rW leI hmdrdI pRgtweI Aqy Dn iek`Twkrky id`qw[

ieh auprokq kmytI bxweI qW kwmwgwtw mwrU dy vwpry duKWqsMbMDI is`KW dy A`ly j^mW 'qy mrHm lwaux leI sI pr ies kmytI dIirport mwno zKmW 'qy lUx iCVkx dy qu`l sI[ kmytI ny srkwrI p`KdI pUrqI leI s`c, iemwndwrI, qrs Aqy iensw& nUM l`q mwrid`qI[ srkwr Aqy gory lokW dw vrqwvw dyK 1915 iv`c qkrIbn249 is`K kYnyfw qoN vwps cly gey sn[ ienHW dI iemIgRySn 1914 qoN1920 q`k lg Bg bMd hI ho geI sI (bOrfn pyprz Agsq 11,1915 Aqy pUrn isMG, 2008)[

kYlgrI kYnyfIAn A^bwr ny swmrwjI nIqIAW dI AwlocnwkIqI ik brqwnvI nwgirk nUM brqwnvI swmrwj dy ie`k dyS qoN dUjyjw ky vsx dI AwigAw ikauN nhIN id`qI jWdI? vYnkUvr qoN Cpdy'sn' (Sun) A^bwr ny vI 30 julweI 1919 nUM iliKAw ik ie`k lok-qMqrI FWcy vwlI srkwr BwrqI lokW nUM dUjIAW kOmW vWg imlyAiDkwrW qoN ikvyN vW\y r`K skdI hY, jd ik Bwrq iv`c vI ienHW dwhI rwj hY[

kOm dy gdwrW rwhIN is`KW nUM kql krwauNxwdwm Aqy dMf dI nIqI Apxw ky smyN dIAW srkwrW Awpxw

rwj Bwg kwiem r`Kx leI pwVo Aqy rwj kro dw FMg ApxwauNdIAWhn[ auh Dn dw lwlc dy ky bMdy KRId lYNdIAW hn Aqy ivroDIAW dwnukswn krn leI aunHW nUM vrqdIAW hn[ auh Awpxw au~lU is`Dwkrn leI hmySw glq nUM shI Aqy shI nUM glq drswauNdIAW hn[hor qW hor auh qW kwnUMn dy rwKy j`jW nUM vI kMno pkV ky AwpxImrzI Anuswr &Ysly krw idMdIAW hn[ auh qW ies isDWq 'qy'Rules are for the fools' (Bwv kwnUMn qW mUrKW leI huMdy hn) cldIAWhn[

ies qrHW kYnyfw Aqy Bwrq dIAW brqwnvI srkwrW ny kwmwgwtwmwrU duKWq auprMq bhuq GtIAw KyfH KyfHI[ ieh KyfH is`KW nUM lVwky,KUnI, k`tV Aqy ieMqhwpsMd is`D krn leI KyfHI geI[ ies iv`cis`KW AMdr ^wnw-jMgI krvw ky pUrI qrHW bdnwm krn dI koiSSkIqI geI[

aunHIN idnIN lokW AMdr kwmwgwtw mwrU, sMswr dy pihly mhWXu`D Aqy srkwr ivr`uD au~TI gdr lihr dIAW g`lW Awm huMdIAWsn[ srkwr ny ienHW pRqI jwsUsI krn leI hwpiknsn Aqy horkeI A&sr Awpxy ivSvwS pwqr r`Ky hoey sn[ iehnW ivru`D juMflIKVHI kIqI hoeI sI ijs dw muKI bylw isMG sI[ bylw isMG ny BweIBgvwn isMG jo hWgkWg gurduAwry iv`c gRMQI sI nUM is`KW dy Byd lYxleI isPwrS kr ky vYnkUvr mMgvwieAw sI[ pr Brvwn isMGs`cw-su`cw is`K sI, bulwrw vI cMgw sI, isdkI, isrVI Aqy dlyrhox kr ky bylw isMG dy h`QW 'c nw AwieAw[ srkwrI A&srW nyies nUM jylH 'c bMd krn dy frwby vI id`qy[ pr ies ny sB frwbyA`KoN–proKy kr ky gurduAwrw swihb ivKy jW is`K sMgq dIAW sBwvWiv`c bhuq vwr AYsy ivcwr r`Ky:

jyhlW jyhlW jyhlW, ieh swfy leI hn KylHW[

ckI ckI ckI, qusIN keI vwr ieh DkI[ hux aufw idAWgy PkI[…Bgvwn isMG dIAW AijhIAW BwvnwvW q`k ky bylw isMG ny

(74) (75)

srkwrI m`dd nwl ies nUM hWg kWg vwps krvw id`qw[ hwlW ikies dw ksUr koeI nhIN sI[

31 Agsq 1914 nUM vYnkUvr dy invwsI hrnwm isMG dw kqlho igAw[ ieh srkwrI jwsUs sI[ pihlW ieh iml sweIf gurduAwryivKy gRMQI sI pr lwlc b`s ho ky ieh mwVIAW krqUqW Aqy hrkqWkrn l`g ipAw sI[ sMgq ny ies nUM gRMQI dI ifaUtI qoN syvw mukqkr id`qw sI[ ie`k idn hrnwm isMG ny BweI Bwg isMG dI bVI by-iezqI kIqI[ ho skdw hY aus ny gu`sw k`Fx leI ieh kwrw krvwid`qw hovy[ pr pulIs hrnwm isMG dw Asl kwql l`Bx 'c AsmrQrhI sI[ bylw isMG Aqy aus dy sMgI kOmI nyqwvW dy isr ieh kqlmVH rhy sn[ hrnwm isMG dI mOq auprMq Arjn isMG dw kql hoigAw[ Arjn isMG vI bylw isMG dw ^ws dosq sI[ kuJ idnW ip`CoNpqw l`igAw ik Arjn isMG dI mOq aus dy dosq rwm isMG qoN glqInwl ipsqOl dw GoVw dbwaux kr ky hoeI[ BweI im`q isMG pMforIAqy hor keIAW dy d`sx muqwbk ieh mOq r`b-sb`bI hI hoeI sI[pr hwpiknsn ny bylw isMG nUM iehnW hoey kqlW kwrn is`KW dynyqwvW nUM mwrn leI aukswieAw[ ies c`k 'c Aw ky bylw isMG nyim`q isMG Aqy Bwg isMG nUM mwrn dI Xojnw bxweI[

5 sqMbr 1914 vwly idn Arjn isMG dw sskwr kr ky jdoNsMgq 1866 West 2nd Avenue 'qy siQ`q gurduAwrw swihb ivKyphuMcI qW gRMQI isMG BweI blvMq isMG sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dIqwibAw iv`c suSobq ho gey[ BweI Bwg isMG jI Aqy BweI im`q isMGjI ie`k dUjy dy kol bYTy sn[ ienHW dy nzdIk hI BweI blvMq isMGdI pqnI Aqy b`cy bYTy sn[ ieqny nUM bylw isMG vI AMdr Aw ky BwgisMG dy ip`Cy bYT igAw[ Ardws dI sMpUrnqw 'qy jdoN Bwg isMG m`Qwtykx l`igAw qW bylw isMG ny golIAW dI buCwV aus qy kr id`qI[BweI Bwg isMG qW ifg pey[pr SrDwlUAW 'c BYA kwrn B`g-dOVm`c geI[ ie`k is`K bdn isMG (dlyl isMG vwly) ny bylw isMG nUMrokx dI koiSS kIqI qW aus ny bdn isMG dy vI golI mwrI[ iesgolI bwrI iv`c keI is`K P`tV ho gey sn[ ieqny nUM pulIs Aw geIAqy bylw isMG nUM igR&qwr kr ky lY geI[ puils ny au~Qy mOjUdbMidAW dy ibAwn vI drz kIqy[ BweI Bwg isMG ^wlsw dIvwn

suswietI Aqy gurduAwrw swihb dI kmytI dy pRDwn sn[ ienHW dImOq kwrn pulIs ny is`K nyqwvW BweI im`q isMG, rwjw isMG, blvMqisMG Kurdpur, krqwr isMG cMd Aqy sohx lwl nUM vI ihrwsq iv`clY ilAw[ pr 3 AkqUbr nUM zmwnq 'qy irhw kr id`qw[ Bwg isMGdy post-mwrtm krn ip`CoN ieh pqw l`igAw ik bylw isMG ny doipsqOl (38 Aqy 32 bor) vrqy sn[kuJ smW bwAd pqw l`igAw ikhwpiknsn ny hI ieh dovyN ipsqOl Aqy golI is`kw bylw isMG nUMidvwieAw sI[

gurduAwrw swihb AMdr hoeI duKdweI Gtnw dw is`K BweIcwryAMdr gihrw ros jwigAw[ swry is`K BweIcwry ny gihry du`K AMdrBweI Bwg isMG dw sskwr kIqw[ AMiqm Ardws dw Bog pwaux leIpulIs qoN gurduAwrw swihb leI iejwzq mMgI pr pulIs ny sur`iKAwp`K dyKidAW nw id`qI[

bylw isMG 8 sqMbr 1914 nUM j`j A`gy pyS hoieAw[ puils nyaus au~pr gurduAwrw swihb AMdr do ivAkqI mwrn Aqy 7 horW nUMzKmI krn dw doS lwieAw sI[ pr pulIs ny nwl hI AY&. Awr.iv`c ilK id`qw ik bylw isMG golIAW clwaux vwlw ie`klw nhIN sIjd ik mOky dy gvwhW ny d`isAw ik bylw isMG iek`ly ny hI ieh swrwkwrw kIqw[ dUjy pwsy doSI bylw isMG dw vkIl aus nUM idmwgI qOr'qy TIk nw AwK ky kys kmzor krn dy Xqn iv`c sI[

Adwlq iv`c 8 AkqUbr nUM srkwr dy pVqwlIey ny ilK kyid`qw ik BweI Bwg isMG Aqy bdn isMG nUM bylw isMG ny mwirAw hY[ies ny gurduAwry ivc sMgq dy swmHxy golIAW clweIAW hn[ iktslwnoielwky dy puils ieMspYktr fyivf skwt, swrjYNt lwtImwr AqyispwhI mYkAwrQr ny vI bylw isMG nUM mOky 'qy pkVn dI gvwhIid`qI[ puils ny do ipsqOl, jo aus ny golI clwaux leI vrqy, auhvI j`j dy pyS kIqy[ ies qoN Cu`t BweI blvMq isMG Aqy sohx lwlny vI gvwhI iv`c AwiKAw ik bylw isMG ies kql kWf dw doSI hY[ies pihlI pySI iv`c hwpiknsn bqOr gvwh pyS nhIN sI hoieAw[Asl iv`c ieh bylw isMG nUM bcwaux leI A`fI–cotI dw zor lgwirhw sI[ ies dy AMdrKwqy kIqy jw rhy rol bwry is`K BweIcwrw A`qduKI sI[

(76) (77)

srkwrI m`dd nwl ies nUM hWg kWg vwps krvw id`qw[ hwlW ikies dw ksUr koeI nhIN sI[

31 Agsq 1914 nUM vYnkUvr dy invwsI hrnwm isMG dw kqlho igAw[ ieh srkwrI jwsUs sI[ pihlW ieh iml sweIf gurduAwryivKy gRMQI sI pr lwlc b`s ho ky ieh mwVIAW krqUqW Aqy hrkqWkrn l`g ipAw sI[ sMgq ny ies nUM gRMQI dI ifaUtI qoN syvw mukqkr id`qw sI[ ie`k idn hrnwm isMG ny BweI Bwg isMG dI bVI by-iezqI kIqI[ ho skdw hY aus ny gu`sw k`Fx leI ieh kwrw krvwid`qw hovy[ pr pulIs hrnwm isMG dw Asl kwql l`Bx 'c AsmrQrhI sI[ bylw isMG Aqy aus dy sMgI kOmI nyqwvW dy isr ieh kqlmVH rhy sn[ hrnwm isMG dI mOq auprMq Arjn isMG dw kql hoigAw[ Arjn isMG vI bylw isMG dw ^ws dosq sI[ kuJ idnW ip`CoNpqw l`igAw ik Arjn isMG dI mOq aus dy dosq rwm isMG qoN glqInwl ipsqOl dw GoVw dbwaux kr ky hoeI[ BweI im`q isMG pMforIAqy hor keIAW dy d`sx muqwbk ieh mOq r`b-sb`bI hI hoeI sI[pr hwpiknsn ny bylw isMG nUM iehnW hoey kqlW kwrn is`KW dynyqwvW nUM mwrn leI aukswieAw[ ies c`k 'c Aw ky bylw isMG nyim`q isMG Aqy Bwg isMG nUM mwrn dI Xojnw bxweI[

5 sqMbr 1914 vwly idn Arjn isMG dw sskwr kr ky jdoNsMgq 1866 West 2nd Avenue 'qy siQ`q gurduAwrw swihb ivKyphuMcI qW gRMQI isMG BweI blvMq isMG sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dIqwibAw iv`c suSobq ho gey[ BweI Bwg isMG jI Aqy BweI im`q isMGjI ie`k dUjy dy kol bYTy sn[ ienHW dy nzdIk hI BweI blvMq isMGdI pqnI Aqy b`cy bYTy sn[ ieqny nUM bylw isMG vI AMdr Aw ky BwgisMG dy ip`Cy bYT igAw[ Ardws dI sMpUrnqw 'qy jdoN Bwg isMG m`Qwtykx l`igAw qW bylw isMG ny golIAW dI buCwV aus qy kr id`qI[BweI Bwg isMG qW ifg pey[pr SrDwlUAW 'c BYA kwrn B`g-dOVm`c geI[ ie`k is`K bdn isMG (dlyl isMG vwly) ny bylw isMG nUMrokx dI koiSS kIqI qW aus ny bdn isMG dy vI golI mwrI[ iesgolI bwrI iv`c keI is`K P`tV ho gey sn[ ieqny nUM pulIs Aw geIAqy bylw isMG nUM igR&qwr kr ky lY geI[ puils ny au~Qy mOjUdbMidAW dy ibAwn vI drz kIqy[ BweI Bwg isMG ^wlsw dIvwn

suswietI Aqy gurduAwrw swihb dI kmytI dy pRDwn sn[ ienHW dImOq kwrn pulIs ny is`K nyqwvW BweI im`q isMG, rwjw isMG, blvMqisMG Kurdpur, krqwr isMG cMd Aqy sohx lwl nUM vI ihrwsq iv`clY ilAw[ pr 3 AkqUbr nUM zmwnq 'qy irhw kr id`qw[ Bwg isMGdy post-mwrtm krn ip`CoN ieh pqw l`igAw ik bylw isMG ny doipsqOl (38 Aqy 32 bor) vrqy sn[kuJ smW bwAd pqw l`igAw ikhwpiknsn ny hI ieh dovyN ipsqOl Aqy golI is`kw bylw isMG nUMidvwieAw sI[

gurduAwrw swihb AMdr hoeI duKdweI Gtnw dw is`K BweIcwryAMdr gihrw ros jwigAw[ swry is`K BweIcwry ny gihry du`K AMdrBweI Bwg isMG dw sskwr kIqw[ AMiqm Ardws dw Bog pwaux leIpulIs qoN gurduAwrw swihb leI iejwzq mMgI pr pulIs ny sur`iKAwp`K dyKidAW nw id`qI[

bylw isMG 8 sqMbr 1914 nUM j`j A`gy pyS hoieAw[ puils nyaus au~pr gurduAwrw swihb AMdr do ivAkqI mwrn Aqy 7 horW nUMzKmI krn dw doS lwieAw sI[ pr pulIs ny nwl hI AY&. Awr.iv`c ilK id`qw ik bylw isMG golIAW clwaux vwlw ie`klw nhIN sIjd ik mOky dy gvwhW ny d`isAw ik bylw isMG iek`ly ny hI ieh swrwkwrw kIqw[ dUjy pwsy doSI bylw isMG dw vkIl aus nUM idmwgI qOr'qy TIk nw AwK ky kys kmzor krn dy Xqn iv`c sI[

Adwlq iv`c 8 AkqUbr nUM srkwr dy pVqwlIey ny ilK kyid`qw ik BweI Bwg isMG Aqy bdn isMG nUM bylw isMG ny mwirAw hY[ies ny gurduAwry ivc sMgq dy swmHxy golIAW clweIAW hn[ iktslwnoielwky dy puils ieMspYktr fyivf skwt, swrjYNt lwtImwr AqyispwhI mYkAwrQr ny vI bylw isMG nUM mOky 'qy pkVn dI gvwhIid`qI[ puils ny do ipsqOl, jo aus ny golI clwaux leI vrqy, auhvI j`j dy pyS kIqy[ ies qoN Cu`t BweI blvMq isMG Aqy sohx lwlny vI gvwhI iv`c AwiKAw ik bylw isMG ies kql kWf dw doSI hY[ies pihlI pySI iv`c hwpiknsn bqOr gvwh pyS nhIN sI hoieAw[Asl iv`c ieh bylw isMG nUM bcwaux leI A`fI–cotI dw zor lgwirhw sI[ ies dy AMdrKwqy kIqy jw rhy rol bwry is`K BweIcwrw A`qduKI sI[

(76) (77)

gurU dw s`cw-su`cw is`K inrdoS bMidAW dIAW AwhW nhIN shwrskdw[ v`fI g`l ieh ik auh gurU Gr AMdr, gurU crnW dI Ardwsiv`c SWqmeI FMg nwl kIqy is`KW qy KyfHI KUn dI holI ikvyN jr skdwhY? auh ieh vI mn iv`c socdw hY ik pwp kmwaux vwly nwloN pwpkrwaux vwlw Asl doSI hY[ ijvyN khwvq hY cor nUM nhIN cor dI mWnUM mukwauxw zrUrI huMdw hY[ gurU dy aupdyS Anuswr is`K bdI nUM nykI'qy BwrU AwpxI kmzorI smJdw hY[ kudrqI ShIdW dw fu`ilHAw KUnkdy AjweIN nhIN jWdw[ KuUn dw bdlw KuUn nwl hI ilAw jWdw hY[is`K AijhI bdlw laU Bwvnw BwvyN nhIN rKdw pr AxK dI KwqrAqy kOm dI p`q leI BwjI moVn jwxdw hY[ auh ijauNdw vI AxKnwl hY Aqy mrdw vI kOm dI Swn ^wqr hY[

AxKI myvw isMG ny dyiKAw ik hwpiknsn BwrqI BweIcwry 'cPu`t pYdw krky DVybMdI nUM auqSwh dy irhw hY Aqy duSt bylw isMG nUMbcwaux dI koiSS kr irhw hY[ ho skdw hY ieh Awaux vwly smyNAMdr is`KW dw hor vI jwnI nukswn krvwey[ 21 AkqUbr 1914vwly idn hwpiknsn jdoN bylw isMG dy h`k iv`c kcihrI iv`cibAwn dyx igAw qW myvw isMG au~Qy phuMicAw hoieAw sI[ aus nyhwpiknsn nUM BwrqIAW dw duSmx kih ky pMj golIAW mwrIAW[BwvyN hwpiknsn ny myvw isMG nwl h`Qo-pweI krn dI koiSS kIqIpr dUjI golI l`gx nwl auh DrqI qy if`g ipAw Aqy pRwx iqAwgigAw[

myvw isMG hwpiknsn nUM mwr ky au~QoN dOiVAw nhIN sgoN pulIsAgy iekbwl kIqw ik mYN ies nUM mwirAw hY[ aus ny ieh vI AwiKAwik hwpiknsn nwl myrI koeI injI duSmxI nhIN sI[ mYN qW isKW nUMies dy BYVy kwrnwimAW qoN bcwaux leI ies nUM ^qm kIqw hY[

hwpiknsn dI mOq sux ky srkwrI sPW AMdr gm dI BwrIlihr dOV geI[ ies dI mOq nwl srkwr nUM bhuq v`fw GwtwmihsUs hoieAw[ ieh srkwr leI gdrIAW sMbMDI sUhW ie`kTIAWkrn, aunHW dy nW pqy Aqy Awaux vwly smyN AMdr kIqIAW jwxvwlIAW kwrvweIAW krn iv`c bhuq mwhr sI[ ies kMm leI iesny 30 ku bMdy KRIdy hoey sn[ ieh bMdy jwsUsI kr ky srkwr nUM plpl dI jwxkwrI idMdy sn[

hwpiknsn dI mOq 'qy A&sos zwhr krn leI qkrIbn 35 kuAwdmIAW ny iekqrqw kIqI ies iekqrqw ivc fwktr rGUnwQisMG (kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dw jo srjn sI) Aqy bylw isMG dy sMgIswQI Swml hoey[ swirAW ny hwpiknsn dI ivDvw pqnI Aqy bicAWnwl hmdrdI pRgtweI[ aunHW srkwr nUM sUicq kIqw ik doSI nUM jldIs^q qoN s^q szw idqI jwvy qWik Agy vwsqy koeI AijhI hrkq nwkry[ swirAW ny srkwr nUM pUrn sihXog dyx dI pySkS kIqI[brqwnIAW dIAW bsqIAW dy skqr, hweIkort ny vI qwr Byj kyhwpiknsn dI mOq qy gihrw duK pRgt kIqw[ qwr dy Sbd sn :

imqI 28 , 1914, lMfn

'21 AkqUbr vwlI qwr iv`c mYnUM ieMfIAwn dy styt sk`qrv`loN hwpiknsn dI mOq qy A&sos krn leI ikhw, ijs dIAW mhwnsyvwvW dI aus v`loN qy Bwrq dI srkwr v`loN vI du`K pRgtw dyxw[ mYnUMaus dI pqnI Aqy b`icAW dIAW aumrW bwry vI ilKxw qWik sihXogpRdwn kIqw jwvy[ ieh vI d`sxw ik quhwfI srkwr aus leI kI krrhI hY? ikrpw krky d`so ik hwpiknsn nUM ikqnI qn^wh qusINidMdy sI qy ikqnI ivSyS qnKwh Bwrq srkwr v`loN imldI sI'?

TIk hY iksy dI jwn lYxI mwVI g`l hY[ pr bMdy dy kIqy kukrmieh Bwxw vrqw idMdy hn[ mwVI krnI dw nqIjw mwVw hI huMdw hYpr bMdw haumY iv`c Aw ky Awpxy lwB ihq kukrm krn qoN nhINhtdw[ gurbwxI dw vI vwk hY 'jYsw bIjy so luxy krmw sMDVw Kyq'[Asl iv`c ienswn dy krm hI aus pwsoN cMgw jw mwVw kMm krvwauNdyhn Aqy krm hI ivCoVy dw kwrn bxdy hn[ krm ryK bVI blvwnhY AQvw bdlnI vI muSkl hY[ gur sMgq dy pRBwv nwl ieh Gt vDzrUr skdI hY[

BweI myvw isMG nUM &wsI dI szwhwpiknsn dw kql 21 AkqUbr nUM hoieAw Aqy ijaUrI ny

BweI myvw isMG nUM 23 AkqUbr vwly idn ies kql dw doSIAYlwinAw[ j`j mOrIAn dI kcihrI iv`c kys l`igAw hoieAw sI[gvwh fblXU. ey. kYNbl ny A`KI if`Tw hwl j`j nUM suxwieAw[ qkrIbn

(78) (79)

gurU dw s`cw-su`cw is`K inrdoS bMidAW dIAW AwhW nhIN shwrskdw[ v`fI g`l ieh ik auh gurU Gr AMdr, gurU crnW dI Ardwsiv`c SWqmeI FMg nwl kIqy is`KW qy KyfHI KUn dI holI ikvyN jr skdwhY? auh ieh vI mn iv`c socdw hY ik pwp kmwaux vwly nwloN pwpkrwaux vwlw Asl doSI hY[ ijvyN khwvq hY cor nUM nhIN cor dI mWnUM mukwauxw zrUrI huMdw hY[ gurU dy aupdyS Anuswr is`K bdI nUM nykI'qy BwrU AwpxI kmzorI smJdw hY[ kudrqI ShIdW dw fu`ilHAw KUnkdy AjweIN nhIN jWdw[ KuUn dw bdlw KuUn nwl hI ilAw jWdw hY[is`K AijhI bdlw laU Bwvnw BwvyN nhIN rKdw pr AxK dI KwqrAqy kOm dI p`q leI BwjI moVn jwxdw hY[ auh ijauNdw vI AxKnwl hY Aqy mrdw vI kOm dI Swn ^wqr hY[

AxKI myvw isMG ny dyiKAw ik hwpiknsn BwrqI BweIcwry 'cPu`t pYdw krky DVybMdI nUM auqSwh dy irhw hY Aqy duSt bylw isMG nUMbcwaux dI koiSS kr irhw hY[ ho skdw hY ieh Awaux vwly smyNAMdr is`KW dw hor vI jwnI nukswn krvwey[ 21 AkqUbr 1914vwly idn hwpiknsn jdoN bylw isMG dy h`k iv`c kcihrI iv`cibAwn dyx igAw qW myvw isMG au~Qy phuMicAw hoieAw sI[ aus nyhwpiknsn nUM BwrqIAW dw duSmx kih ky pMj golIAW mwrIAW[BwvyN hwpiknsn ny myvw isMG nwl h`Qo-pweI krn dI koiSS kIqIpr dUjI golI l`gx nwl auh DrqI qy if`g ipAw Aqy pRwx iqAwgigAw[

myvw isMG hwpiknsn nUM mwr ky au~QoN dOiVAw nhIN sgoN pulIsAgy iekbwl kIqw ik mYN ies nUM mwirAw hY[ aus ny ieh vI AwiKAwik hwpiknsn nwl myrI koeI injI duSmxI nhIN sI[ mYN qW isKW nUMies dy BYVy kwrnwimAW qoN bcwaux leI ies nUM ^qm kIqw hY[

hwpiknsn dI mOq sux ky srkwrI sPW AMdr gm dI BwrIlihr dOV geI[ ies dI mOq nwl srkwr nUM bhuq v`fw GwtwmihsUs hoieAw[ ieh srkwr leI gdrIAW sMbMDI sUhW ie`kTIAWkrn, aunHW dy nW pqy Aqy Awaux vwly smyN AMdr kIqIAW jwxvwlIAW kwrvweIAW krn iv`c bhuq mwhr sI[ ies kMm leI iesny 30 ku bMdy KRIdy hoey sn[ ieh bMdy jwsUsI kr ky srkwr nUM plpl dI jwxkwrI idMdy sn[

hwpiknsn dI mOq 'qy A&sos zwhr krn leI qkrIbn 35 kuAwdmIAW ny iekqrqw kIqI ies iekqrqw ivc fwktr rGUnwQisMG (kwmwgwtw mwrU jhwz dw jo srjn sI) Aqy bylw isMG dy sMgIswQI Swml hoey[ swirAW ny hwpiknsn dI ivDvw pqnI Aqy bicAWnwl hmdrdI pRgtweI[ aunHW srkwr nUM sUicq kIqw ik doSI nUM jldIs^q qoN s^q szw idqI jwvy qWik Agy vwsqy koeI AijhI hrkq nwkry[ swirAW ny srkwr nUM pUrn sihXog dyx dI pySkS kIqI[brqwnIAW dIAW bsqIAW dy skqr, hweIkort ny vI qwr Byj kyhwpiknsn dI mOq qy gihrw duK pRgt kIqw[ qwr dy Sbd sn :

imqI 28 , 1914, lMfn

'21 AkqUbr vwlI qwr iv`c mYnUM ieMfIAwn dy styt sk`qrv`loN hwpiknsn dI mOq qy A&sos krn leI ikhw, ijs dIAW mhwnsyvwvW dI aus v`loN qy Bwrq dI srkwr v`loN vI du`K pRgtw dyxw[ mYnUMaus dI pqnI Aqy b`icAW dIAW aumrW bwry vI ilKxw qWik sihXogpRdwn kIqw jwvy[ ieh vI d`sxw ik quhwfI srkwr aus leI kI krrhI hY? ikrpw krky d`so ik hwpiknsn nUM ikqnI qn^wh qusINidMdy sI qy ikqnI ivSyS qnKwh Bwrq srkwr v`loN imldI sI'?

TIk hY iksy dI jwn lYxI mwVI g`l hY[ pr bMdy dy kIqy kukrmieh Bwxw vrqw idMdy hn[ mwVI krnI dw nqIjw mwVw hI huMdw hYpr bMdw haumY iv`c Aw ky Awpxy lwB ihq kukrm krn qoN nhINhtdw[ gurbwxI dw vI vwk hY 'jYsw bIjy so luxy krmw sMDVw Kyq'[Asl iv`c ienswn dy krm hI aus pwsoN cMgw jw mwVw kMm krvwauNdyhn Aqy krm hI ivCoVy dw kwrn bxdy hn[ krm ryK bVI blvwnhY AQvw bdlnI vI muSkl hY[ gur sMgq dy pRBwv nwl ieh Gt vDzrUr skdI hY[

BweI myvw isMG nUM &wsI dI szwhwpiknsn dw kql 21 AkqUbr nUM hoieAw Aqy ijaUrI ny

BweI myvw isMG nUM 23 AkqUbr vwly idn ies kql dw doSIAYlwinAw[ j`j mOrIAn dI kcihrI iv`c kys l`igAw hoieAw sI[gvwh fblXU. ey. kYNbl ny A`KI if`Tw hwl j`j nUM suxwieAw[ qkrIbn

(78) (79)

pOxy ku GMty iv`c j`j ny kys dw &Yslw 30 AkqUbr 1914 nUM krid`qw[ &Ysly dy Sbd sn:

'myvw isMG nUM hwpiknsn dy kql dw doSI mMinAw igAw hY[ijs jylH 'coN ies nUM ilAWdw igAw hY, ausy iv`c hI somvwr 11jnvrI 1915 nUM ies nUM &WsI id`qI jwvygI, Bwv mOq dI sjw[

ieh ibAwn sux ky bhwdr myvw isMG ny koeI gu`sw, koeI iglwjW koeI gm mn 'qy nhIN ilAWdw sgoN gurbwxI dw Sbd aucwrkyprmwqmw dw Sukr kIqw[ aus ny jj Agy spSt kIqw ik hwpiknsnnwl myrI koeI in`jI rMjS nhIN sI[ mYN qW nyk kMm hI kIqw hY prhwpiknsn swfy 'c vMfIAW pw ky kOm dw Gwx krwaux leI bdI 'qyau~qr AwieAw sI[

myvw isMG dw ibAwn imstr vufz ny pVH ky suxwieAw:

'myrw nW myvw isMG hY Aqy A`j q`k mYN r`bI bMdgI krn vwlwAqy r`b qoN hmySw frn vwlw bMdw hW[ myry kol Sbd nhIN hn, ijnHWrWhI mYN du`K, i&kr qy muSklW nUM ibAwn kr skW jo ky mYN vYnkUvrrihx smyN hMFweIAW hn[ AsIN swry is`K jdoN vI gurduAwrw swihbjWdy sW qW swfw mu`K mMqv au~Qy jw ky r`bI bMdgI krnw hI huMdw hY,pr kuJ lokW ny ies vwqwvrx nUM BMg krn leI ies cMgI pRMprwiv`c ivGn pwaux leI, au~Qy jw ky golIAW clweIAW Aqy ivAkqIkql kIqy[ gurduAwrw swihb iv`c 5 sqMbr 1914 nUM bylw isMG nybMdy kql kIqy pr pulIs ny mYnUM igR&qwr kr ilAw qy pu`iCAw kI qUMgolI clweI hY? jdoN aunHW ny bylw isMG nUM PiVAw qW aus ny ikhw,“mYN ieh kql ikauN kIqw , ies bwry pUrI jwxkwrI imstr rIfqy hwpiknsn nUM hY[ aunHW nUM pqw hY ik mYN ieh kql ikauN kIqy”?

&WsI dy &Ysly ip`CoN ie`k idn BweI im`q isMG pMforI jdoN BweImyvw isMG nUM jylH 'c imlx gey qW auh pUrI cVHdI klw iv`c KuSqbIAq nzr Awey[ aunHW hyT iliKAw ibAwn BweIcwry nUM ByijAw[

“mYnUM bqOr s`cy is`K Awpxy dyS vwsIAW kYnyfw ivKy ho rhIbyiensw&I qy AwXog g`lW brdwSq krnw AsMBv sI[ iehI kwrnhY ik mYN hwpiknsn dI jwn leI qy AwpxI kurbwnI dy irhw hW[ mYN

ie`k s`cy is`K dw krm kr irhw hW Aqy r`bI bMdgI iv`c ic`q lwirhw hW[ mYnUM ieM\ mihsUs ho irhw hY ik mYN r`bI drgwh iv`c iesqrHW jwvWgw ijvyN ie`k Bu`Kw b`cw AwpxI mW v`l dOV ky jWdw hY[ mYnUMpUrn Brosw hY ik prmwqmw mYnUM Awpxy crnW iv`c QW dyvygw, BwvmYnUM AwpxIAW bwhvW iv`c lY lvygw”[

ivcwrn vwlI g`l hY ik bMdy qoN bMdy ivckwr iks qrHW ivqkrw,p`K-pwq Aqy Byd-Bwv kIqw jw irhw hY[ jykr ie`k BwrqI is`K nykYnyfIAn gorw mwr id`qw qW j`j ny 10 idn iv`c hI kys dw &Yslwkr ky is`K nUM &WsI dI sjw suxw id`qI[ pr dUjy pwsy ijs gdwris`K ny srkwr dI Sih 'qy gurduAwrw swihb ivKy golIAW nwl do bMdymwr id`qy, 7 bMdy P`tV kr id`qy aus nUM bcwaux dI koiSS ho rhI hY[ies g`l qoN incoV k`iFAw jw skdw hY ik inAW krn vwlw AiDkwrIjo shuM cu`k ky kihMdw hY ik mYN iensw& krWgw auh vI s`cw nbyVwnhIN krdw sgoN srkwr dw p`K hI pUrdw hY[ ies leI dunIAW AMdrsrkwrW dy dbwA hyT Aw ky j`j vI glq nUM shI Aqy shI nUM glqkih idMdy hn ikauNik ieh klw dw Xu`g hY ies leI gurU nwnkswihb ny ies klXu`g bwry s`c hI aucwrn kIqw hY:

sUqy kau jwgq khY jwgq kaU sUqw]…mITy kau kauVw khY kVUey kau mITw]Awvq kau jwqw khY jwqY kau AwieAw]pr kI kau ApnI khY Apny nhI BwieAw]…rwqy kI inMdw krih AYsw kl mih fITw].. (229)j`j dy PYsly Anuswr BweI myvw isMG nUM 11 jnvrI 1915 svyry

7.45 qy PWsI id`qI geI[ BweI swihb dy sskwr smyN vI bylw isMGAqy gMgw rwm (srkwrI jsUsW) ny isK BweIcwry nUM DmkIAW idqIAW[pr BweIcwry ny inrBY ho ky pUrn gur mirXwdw nwl myvw isMG jI dwsskwr kIqw[ srb`q is`K BweIcwry ny myvw isMG jI nUM 'kOmI ShId'AwiKAw[ A`j vI BweI swihb nUM kOmI ShId kih ky aus dy soihlygwey jWdy hn Aqy gdwrW nUM i&tkwrW pYNdIAW hn[

isKW dI bhwdrI , dyS BgqI Aqy kurbwnI sMbMDI kYnyfw dy kvIipRMsIpl igAwn isMG jI kotlI ny bVy suMdr SbdW ivc ibAwn kIqw hY:

(80) (81)

pOxy ku GMty iv`c j`j ny kys dw &Yslw 30 AkqUbr 1914 nUM krid`qw[ &Ysly dy Sbd sn:

'myvw isMG nUM hwpiknsn dy kql dw doSI mMinAw igAw hY[ijs jylH 'coN ies nUM ilAWdw igAw hY, ausy iv`c hI somvwr 11jnvrI 1915 nUM ies nUM &WsI id`qI jwvygI, Bwv mOq dI sjw[

ieh ibAwn sux ky bhwdr myvw isMG ny koeI gu`sw, koeI iglwjW koeI gm mn 'qy nhIN ilAWdw sgoN gurbwxI dw Sbd aucwrkyprmwqmw dw Sukr kIqw[ aus ny jj Agy spSt kIqw ik hwpiknsnnwl myrI koeI in`jI rMjS nhIN sI[ mYN qW nyk kMm hI kIqw hY prhwpiknsn swfy 'c vMfIAW pw ky kOm dw Gwx krwaux leI bdI 'qyau~qr AwieAw sI[

myvw isMG dw ibAwn imstr vufz ny pVH ky suxwieAw:

'myrw nW myvw isMG hY Aqy A`j q`k mYN r`bI bMdgI krn vwlwAqy r`b qoN hmySw frn vwlw bMdw hW[ myry kol Sbd nhIN hn, ijnHWrWhI mYN du`K, i&kr qy muSklW nUM ibAwn kr skW jo ky mYN vYnkUvrrihx smyN hMFweIAW hn[ AsIN swry is`K jdoN vI gurduAwrw swihbjWdy sW qW swfw mu`K mMqv au~Qy jw ky r`bI bMdgI krnw hI huMdw hY,pr kuJ lokW ny ies vwqwvrx nUM BMg krn leI ies cMgI pRMprwiv`c ivGn pwaux leI, au~Qy jw ky golIAW clweIAW Aqy ivAkqIkql kIqy[ gurduAwrw swihb iv`c 5 sqMbr 1914 nUM bylw isMG nybMdy kql kIqy pr pulIs ny mYnUM igR&qwr kr ilAw qy pu`iCAw kI qUMgolI clweI hY? jdoN aunHW ny bylw isMG nUM PiVAw qW aus ny ikhw,“mYN ieh kql ikauN kIqw , ies bwry pUrI jwxkwrI imstr rIfqy hwpiknsn nUM hY[ aunHW nUM pqw hY ik mYN ieh kql ikauN kIqy”?

&WsI dy &Ysly ip`CoN ie`k idn BweI im`q isMG pMforI jdoN BweImyvw isMG nUM jylH 'c imlx gey qW auh pUrI cVHdI klw iv`c KuSqbIAq nzr Awey[ aunHW hyT iliKAw ibAwn BweIcwry nUM ByijAw[

“mYnUM bqOr s`cy is`K Awpxy dyS vwsIAW kYnyfw ivKy ho rhIbyiensw&I qy AwXog g`lW brdwSq krnw AsMBv sI[ iehI kwrnhY ik mYN hwpiknsn dI jwn leI qy AwpxI kurbwnI dy irhw hW[ mYN

ie`k s`cy is`K dw krm kr irhw hW Aqy r`bI bMdgI iv`c ic`q lwirhw hW[ mYnUM ieM\ mihsUs ho irhw hY ik mYN r`bI drgwh iv`c iesqrHW jwvWgw ijvyN ie`k Bu`Kw b`cw AwpxI mW v`l dOV ky jWdw hY[ mYnUMpUrn Brosw hY ik prmwqmw mYnUM Awpxy crnW iv`c QW dyvygw, BwvmYnUM AwpxIAW bwhvW iv`c lY lvygw”[

ivcwrn vwlI g`l hY ik bMdy qoN bMdy ivckwr iks qrHW ivqkrw,p`K-pwq Aqy Byd-Bwv kIqw jw irhw hY[ jykr ie`k BwrqI is`K nykYnyfIAn gorw mwr id`qw qW j`j ny 10 idn iv`c hI kys dw &Yslwkr ky is`K nUM &WsI dI sjw suxw id`qI[ pr dUjy pwsy ijs gdwris`K ny srkwr dI Sih 'qy gurduAwrw swihb ivKy golIAW nwl do bMdymwr id`qy, 7 bMdy P`tV kr id`qy aus nUM bcwaux dI koiSS ho rhI hY[ies g`l qoN incoV k`iFAw jw skdw hY ik inAW krn vwlw AiDkwrIjo shuM cu`k ky kihMdw hY ik mYN iensw& krWgw auh vI s`cw nbyVwnhIN krdw sgoN srkwr dw p`K hI pUrdw hY[ ies leI dunIAW AMdrsrkwrW dy dbwA hyT Aw ky j`j vI glq nUM shI Aqy shI nUM glqkih idMdy hn ikauNik ieh klw dw Xu`g hY ies leI gurU nwnkswihb ny ies klXu`g bwry s`c hI aucwrn kIqw hY:

sUqy kau jwgq khY jwgq kaU sUqw]…mITy kau kauVw khY kVUey kau mITw]Awvq kau jwqw khY jwqY kau AwieAw]pr kI kau ApnI khY Apny nhI BwieAw]…rwqy kI inMdw krih AYsw kl mih fITw].. (229)j`j dy PYsly Anuswr BweI myvw isMG nUM 11 jnvrI 1915 svyry

7.45 qy PWsI id`qI geI[ BweI swihb dy sskwr smyN vI bylw isMGAqy gMgw rwm (srkwrI jsUsW) ny isK BweIcwry nUM DmkIAW idqIAW[pr BweIcwry ny inrBY ho ky pUrn gur mirXwdw nwl myvw isMG jI dwsskwr kIqw[ srb`q is`K BweIcwry ny myvw isMG jI nUM 'kOmI ShId'AwiKAw[ A`j vI BweI swihb nUM kOmI ShId kih ky aus dy soihlygwey jWdy hn Aqy gdwrW nUM i&tkwrW pYNdIAW hn[

isKW dI bhwdrI , dyS BgqI Aqy kurbwnI sMbMDI kYnyfw dy kvIipRMsIpl igAwn isMG jI kotlI ny bVy suMdr SbdW ivc ibAwn kIqw hY:

(80) (81)

AsIN dIpk hW kurbwnI dy, jo jgdy ny quPwnW iv`c[jIvn dI joq jgwauNdy ny, jo murdw idl SmSwnW iv`c[Awizz hW pr kwier nhIN, SrDw nUM sIs JukwauNdy hW[zwilm dI ^wqr zwilm hW, ienswn vI hW ienswnW iv`c[AsIN dUly dyS pujwrI hW, AwiSk hW vIr BrwvW dy[prvwny hW ies DrqI dy, pr crcy ny AsmwnW iv`c[

5

gdr lihr Aqy gdrI bwbygdr Aqy gdrI pMjwbI BwSw dy Sbd hn[ gdr Sbd dw

sMbMD Ssqr ienklwb nwl hY jd ik gdrI dw Bwv hY ienklwbAMdr SsqrW dI vrqoN krn vwlw[ gdr Sbd gdw qoN bixAw hY[gdw ivSnUM dw pRis`D Ssqr sI ijs nwl auh vYrIAW dw nwS krdwsI[ ieh gdw gurz dI Skl dw sI Aqy bhuq s^q sI[ hrienklwb AMdr gdwr vI huMdy hn[

BwvyN gdrI Aqy gdwr SbdW dI bxqr iv`c bhuq QoVHw AMqrhY pr iehnW dy ArQW nUM dyKIey qW zmIn Awsmwn dw AMqr hY[gdrI Sbd sUrimAW Aqy kOmI prvwinAW leI vriqAw jWdw hY[sUrmy dw jIvn s`c, sMqoK Aqy aupkwrqw 'qy AwDwrq huMdw hY[ auhduinAwvI moh, lwlc Aqy lwlsw iqAwg ky Drm, dyS Aqy kOm dyBly Aqy AwzwdI leI jUJdw hY[ jykr loV pvy qW Awpxy audyS dIpUrqI leI jwn vI inSwvr kr idMdw hY[ ies dy ault gdwr loBI,suAwrQI Aqy AikRqGx huMdw hY[ auh Awpxy suAwrQ leI mnu`Kqwnwl dgw krky jIvn dI qr rhI byVI iv`c v`ty pw ky aus nUM fobxdw Xqn krdw hY[ gdwr dI ieh mMdI soc dyS vwsIAW nUM gulwmIv`l Dkyl idMdI hY[ gulwmI dw Bwv hY mnu`KI jIvn dw dIvw gu`l hojwxw[ AYsw hI aunIvIN sdI dy A`D iv`c kuJ is`K gdwrW, ihMdusqwndy pUrbI Aqy d`KxI lokW ny AMgryzW dI shwieqw kr ky mhwrwjwrxjIq isMG dy 47 swlW qoN c`l rhy Swn-Sokq vwly is`K rwj dwpqn krw id`qw[ is`ty vjoN AMgryz hkUmq ny swry ihMdusqwn 'qykbzw kr ky dyS vwsIAW nUM gulwm bxw ilAw[

gulwmI dw jIvn AOkVW BrpUr hox kwrn pSUAW nwloN vI BYVwhuMdw hY[ gulwmI AMdr nw Awvwz bulMd krn dI KulH, nw h`k hwislkrn dI KulH Aqy nw koeI iezq , mwx jW SoBw hI huMdI hY[ g`l kI?ADIngI kwrn hr pwisauN n&rq, durkwrW, iPtkwrW Aqy TokrWhI imldIAW hn[ jykr koeI AxKI, dlyr Aqy mnu`KI h`kW nUM jwxnvwlw bMdw hOslw kr ky iezq, mwx, iensw& jW KudmuKiqAwrI leI

(82) (83)

AsIN dIpk hW kurbwnI dy, jo jgdy ny quPwnW iv`c[jIvn dI joq jgwauNdy ny, jo murdw idl SmSwnW iv`c[Awizz hW pr kwier nhIN, SrDw nUM sIs JukwauNdy hW[zwilm dI ^wqr zwilm hW, ienswn vI hW ienswnW iv`c[AsIN dUly dyS pujwrI hW, AwiSk hW vIr BrwvW dy[prvwny hW ies DrqI dy, pr crcy ny AsmwnW iv`c[

5

gdr lihr Aqy gdrI bwbygdr Aqy gdrI pMjwbI BwSw dy Sbd hn[ gdr Sbd dw

sMbMD Ssqr ienklwb nwl hY jd ik gdrI dw Bwv hY ienklwbAMdr SsqrW dI vrqoN krn vwlw[ gdr Sbd gdw qoN bixAw hY[gdw ivSnUM dw pRis`D Ssqr sI ijs nwl auh vYrIAW dw nwS krdwsI[ ieh gdw gurz dI Skl dw sI Aqy bhuq s^q sI[ hrienklwb AMdr gdwr vI huMdy hn[

BwvyN gdrI Aqy gdwr SbdW dI bxqr iv`c bhuq QoVHw AMqrhY pr iehnW dy ArQW nUM dyKIey qW zmIn Awsmwn dw AMqr hY[gdrI Sbd sUrimAW Aqy kOmI prvwinAW leI vriqAw jWdw hY[sUrmy dw jIvn s`c, sMqoK Aqy aupkwrqw 'qy AwDwrq huMdw hY[ auhduinAwvI moh, lwlc Aqy lwlsw iqAwg ky Drm, dyS Aqy kOm dyBly Aqy AwzwdI leI jUJdw hY[ jykr loV pvy qW Awpxy audyS dIpUrqI leI jwn vI inSwvr kr idMdw hY[ ies dy ault gdwr loBI,suAwrQI Aqy AikRqGx huMdw hY[ auh Awpxy suAwrQ leI mnu`Kqwnwl dgw krky jIvn dI qr rhI byVI iv`c v`ty pw ky aus nUM fobxdw Xqn krdw hY[ gdwr dI ieh mMdI soc dyS vwsIAW nUM gulwmIv`l Dkyl idMdI hY[ gulwmI dw Bwv hY mnu`KI jIvn dw dIvw gu`l hojwxw[ AYsw hI aunIvIN sdI dy A`D iv`c kuJ is`K gdwrW, ihMdusqwndy pUrbI Aqy d`KxI lokW ny AMgryzW dI shwieqw kr ky mhwrwjwrxjIq isMG dy 47 swlW qoN c`l rhy Swn-Sokq vwly is`K rwj dwpqn krw id`qw[ is`ty vjoN AMgryz hkUmq ny swry ihMdusqwn 'qykbzw kr ky dyS vwsIAW nUM gulwm bxw ilAw[

gulwmI dw jIvn AOkVW BrpUr hox kwrn pSUAW nwloN vI BYVwhuMdw hY[ gulwmI AMdr nw Awvwz bulMd krn dI KulH, nw h`k hwislkrn dI KulH Aqy nw koeI iezq , mwx jW SoBw hI huMdI hY[ g`l kI?ADIngI kwrn hr pwisauN n&rq, durkwrW, iPtkwrW Aqy TokrWhI imldIAW hn[ jykr koeI AxKI, dlyr Aqy mnu`KI h`kW nUM jwxnvwlw bMdw hOslw kr ky iezq, mwx, iensw& jW KudmuKiqAwrI leI

(82) (83)

aunIvIN sdI dy AwKrI dhwky ijhVy is`K &OjI AwpxI cMgIfIl-fOl, Swn-SOkq Aqy invyklI id`K kwrn bwhrly dySW iv`c jwAwey sn, aunHW 'coN twvyN twvyN AmrIkw, kYnyfw, Awid mulkW iv`cphuMc gey[ iehnW dy qkVy qy krVy ju`sy, imhnqI, ihMmqI suBwau AqyG`t mzdUrI 'qy kMm krn kwrn Aqy XUnIAn nw bnwaux kwrn im`lWdy mwlk goirAW ny ienHW nUM pihl dy AwDwr' qy kMm qy r`iKAw[ iesnwl sQwnk goirAW iv`c ros Aqy nslI ivqkrw pYdw hox l`igAwAqy gory lok iehnW dI byiezqI krn l`gy[ goirAW dy ivroD kwrnkeI im`l mwlk ienHW nUM kMm qoN vI htwaux l`gy[ ieh dyK ihMdIkwimAW ny jQybMdIAW (Unions) bxw leIAW[ QoVyH bhuq pVHy ilKy,sUJ bUJ vwly Aqy AxKI bMdy ienHW dy mYNbr bx gey[ iek`qrqw smyNjdoN ivcwrW huMdIAW qW ieh q`q k`iFAw Aqy mihsUs kIqw ikAwpxw mulk gulwm hox kwrn Awpxy nwl ByfW vrgw vqIrw ho irhwhY[ gory swnUM 'kwlIAW ByfW' jW 'kwly kulI' kihMdy hn Aqy mzwkaufwauNdy hn[ ieh AwpW nUM cMgIAW QwvW qy jwx leI rokdy hn AqykeI vwr hotlW iv`c vVn nhIN idMdy[ ies sB kuJ dI jVH Awpxymulk dI gulwmI hY[ ijqnw icr AmrIkw dI qrHW ihMdusqwn nUMAwzwd nhIN krwauNdy auqnw icr iehI hwlq rhygI[

ieM\ dyS dI AwzwdI nUM mu`K rKidAW keI jQybMdIAW hoNd iv`cAw geIAW[ iehnW dIAW iek`qrqvW bwbw jvwlw isMG dy &wrmijhVw syNt jOhn ivKy siQq sI, brkly ivSv ividAwlw (University)Aqy stwktn dy gurduAwrw ivKy huMdIAW sn[ bwbw jvwlw isMGbhuq hI nyk, KulH idly Aqy praupkwrI ienswn sn[ swrIAWiek`qrqwvW dw lMgr-pwxI ienHW dy &wrm qoN hI jWdw sI ienHWiek`qrqwvW dy muKI BweI sohx isMG Bknw, ijlHw AMimRqsr AqypMifq kwSI rwm (mVOlI) Awrw im`l iv`c kMm krdy sn Aqy lwlwhridAwl brkly XUnIvristI iv`c pRoPYsr sn[ jd ik stwksngurduAwrw swihb dI kmytI dy mYNbr BweI jvwlw isMG, BweI sMqoKisMG Aqy sMq ivswKw sn jo huiSAwr ividAwrQIAW nUM au~c iv`idAwleI vjI&y dy ky AmrIkw 'c s`d rhy sn[

Awvwz bulMd krdw hY qW aus leI juAwb dyhI iv`c, jylH, zulm AqyaujwVw hI p`ly pYNdw hY[ Agr koeI eykw krky prjw nUM srkwrivru`D aukswvy qW aus nUM jwn qoN vI h`Q Doxy pYNdy hn[ AYsy hwlwqWiv`c gulwmI dy nrk Bry jIvn nwloN AxKI ienswn mrnw cMgwigxdw hY[ b`s iPr auh 'kro jW mro' bwry hI socdw hY[ pr AYsIienklwb rUpI SkqI vI bMdy dy AMdr prmwqmw hI pYdw krdw hY[

gdr pwrtI dw hoNd iv`c AwauxwihMdusqwn AMdr brqwnIAW hkUmq ny pMjwb iv`c is`K rwj dy

pqn auprMq pUrn qOr qy kbzw kr ilAw[ kwbz hox ip`CoN ienHW nyihMdusqwn qoN kOfIAW dy BwA k`cw mwl brqwnIAW nUM Byjxw SurU krid`qw Aqy au~Qy bxIAW, vsqW mihMgy BwA qy mMgvw ky vycxIAW SurUkr id`qIAW[ mSInW, k`pVw, GrylU vsqW, sMd Awid bwhroN Awauxkwrn SihrI Aqy pyNfU dsqkwrI PylH hox kwrn byruzgwrI vDx l`gpeI[ srkwr v`loN 1860 iv`c zmInI bMdobsq dy kwnUMn kwrnvwhIkwrW nUM zmInW vycx Aqy KRIdx iv`c BwrI id`kq Awaux l`gIAqy nwl hI zmIn dy mwlIey dI nkd AdwiegI kwrn ikrswnI PylHhox l`gI[ srkwrI nOkrIAW goirAW Aqy aunHW dy cwplUsW ny sMBwlleIAW[ smyN smyN 'qy kwl Aqy ibmwrIAW kwrn grIbI dy b`dl idnoidn mMflwaux l`gy[ SwhUkwrW ny v`D drW qy ivAwjU Dn dy ky lukweInUM Awpxw gulwm bxw ilAw[ ihMdIAW dI mzdUrI goirAW dy mukwblynw-mwqR hox kwrn nslI ivqkrw vD igAw[

auprokq kwrnW krky ikswn KyqIbwVI dw DMdw iqAwg ky &Ojiv`c BrqI hox l`gy[ &Oj dI nOkrI leI vI prvwr Aqy dyS C`f kymlwieAw, hWgkWg Aqy isMGwpur dy SihrW iv`c jwxw pYNdw sI[KyqIbwVI vrKw 'qy inrBr hox kwrn Aqy kwl dIAW hwlqW iv`cBu`K–mrI kr ky lukweI A`q du`KI ho jWdI sI[ Bu`Kw mrdw kI nhINkrdw dI khwvq Anuswr Bu`Kw iF`f ienklwb socx l`igAw[ ie`kAnumwn muqwbk 1872-73 qoN lY ky 1902-03 dirimAwn srkwrivru`D AnykW muzwhry hoey[ pr ienHW muzwhirAW iv`c fWgW, golIAWAqy jylH koTVIAW hI p`ly peIAW[

(84) (85)

aunIvIN sdI dy AwKrI dhwky ijhVy is`K &OjI AwpxI cMgIfIl-fOl, Swn-SOkq Aqy invyklI id`K kwrn bwhrly dySW iv`c jwAwey sn, aunHW 'coN twvyN twvyN AmrIkw, kYnyfw, Awid mulkW iv`cphuMc gey[ iehnW dy qkVy qy krVy ju`sy, imhnqI, ihMmqI suBwau AqyG`t mzdUrI 'qy kMm krn kwrn Aqy XUnIAn nw bnwaux kwrn im`lWdy mwlk goirAW ny ienHW nUM pihl dy AwDwr' qy kMm qy r`iKAw[ iesnwl sQwnk goirAW iv`c ros Aqy nslI ivqkrw pYdw hox l`igAwAqy gory lok iehnW dI byiezqI krn l`gy[ goirAW dy ivroD kwrnkeI im`l mwlk ienHW nUM kMm qoN vI htwaux l`gy[ ieh dyK ihMdIkwimAW ny jQybMdIAW (Unions) bxw leIAW[ QoVyH bhuq pVHy ilKy,sUJ bUJ vwly Aqy AxKI bMdy ienHW dy mYNbr bx gey[ iek`qrqw smyNjdoN ivcwrW huMdIAW qW ieh q`q k`iFAw Aqy mihsUs kIqw ikAwpxw mulk gulwm hox kwrn Awpxy nwl ByfW vrgw vqIrw ho irhwhY[ gory swnUM 'kwlIAW ByfW' jW 'kwly kulI' kihMdy hn Aqy mzwkaufwauNdy hn[ ieh AwpW nUM cMgIAW QwvW qy jwx leI rokdy hn AqykeI vwr hotlW iv`c vVn nhIN idMdy[ ies sB kuJ dI jVH Awpxymulk dI gulwmI hY[ ijqnw icr AmrIkw dI qrHW ihMdusqwn nUMAwzwd nhIN krwauNdy auqnw icr iehI hwlq rhygI[

ieM\ dyS dI AwzwdI nUM mu`K rKidAW keI jQybMdIAW hoNd iv`cAw geIAW[ iehnW dIAW iek`qrqvW bwbw jvwlw isMG dy &wrmijhVw syNt jOhn ivKy siQq sI, brkly ivSv ividAwlw (University)Aqy stwktn dy gurduAwrw ivKy huMdIAW sn[ bwbw jvwlw isMGbhuq hI nyk, KulH idly Aqy praupkwrI ienswn sn[ swrIAWiek`qrqwvW dw lMgr-pwxI ienHW dy &wrm qoN hI jWdw sI ienHWiek`qrqwvW dy muKI BweI sohx isMG Bknw, ijlHw AMimRqsr AqypMifq kwSI rwm (mVOlI) Awrw im`l iv`c kMm krdy sn Aqy lwlwhridAwl brkly XUnIvristI iv`c pRoPYsr sn[ jd ik stwksngurduAwrw swihb dI kmytI dy mYNbr BweI jvwlw isMG, BweI sMqoKisMG Aqy sMq ivswKw sn jo huiSAwr ividAwrQIAW nUM au~c iv`idAwleI vjI&y dy ky AmrIkw 'c s`d rhy sn[

Awvwz bulMd krdw hY qW aus leI juAwb dyhI iv`c, jylH, zulm AqyaujwVw hI p`ly pYNdw hY[ Agr koeI eykw krky prjw nUM srkwrivru`D aukswvy qW aus nUM jwn qoN vI h`Q Doxy pYNdy hn[ AYsy hwlwqWiv`c gulwmI dy nrk Bry jIvn nwloN AxKI ienswn mrnw cMgwigxdw hY[ b`s iPr auh 'kro jW mro' bwry hI socdw hY[ pr AYsIienklwb rUpI SkqI vI bMdy dy AMdr prmwqmw hI pYdw krdw hY[

gdr pwrtI dw hoNd iv`c AwauxwihMdusqwn AMdr brqwnIAW hkUmq ny pMjwb iv`c is`K rwj dy

pqn auprMq pUrn qOr qy kbzw kr ilAw[ kwbz hox ip`CoN ienHW nyihMdusqwn qoN kOfIAW dy BwA k`cw mwl brqwnIAW nUM Byjxw SurU krid`qw Aqy au~Qy bxIAW, vsqW mihMgy BwA qy mMgvw ky vycxIAW SurUkr id`qIAW[ mSInW, k`pVw, GrylU vsqW, sMd Awid bwhroN Awauxkwrn SihrI Aqy pyNfU dsqkwrI PylH hox kwrn byruzgwrI vDx l`gpeI[ srkwr v`loN 1860 iv`c zmInI bMdobsq dy kwnUMn kwrnvwhIkwrW nUM zmInW vycx Aqy KRIdx iv`c BwrI id`kq Awaux l`gIAqy nwl hI zmIn dy mwlIey dI nkd AdwiegI kwrn ikrswnI PylHhox l`gI[ srkwrI nOkrIAW goirAW Aqy aunHW dy cwplUsW ny sMBwlleIAW[ smyN smyN 'qy kwl Aqy ibmwrIAW kwrn grIbI dy b`dl idnoidn mMflwaux l`gy[ SwhUkwrW ny v`D drW qy ivAwjU Dn dy ky lukweInUM Awpxw gulwm bxw ilAw[ ihMdIAW dI mzdUrI goirAW dy mukwblynw-mwqR hox kwrn nslI ivqkrw vD igAw[

auprokq kwrnW krky ikswn KyqIbwVI dw DMdw iqAwg ky &Ojiv`c BrqI hox l`gy[ &Oj dI nOkrI leI vI prvwr Aqy dyS C`f kymlwieAw, hWgkWg Aqy isMGwpur dy SihrW iv`c jwxw pYNdw sI[KyqIbwVI vrKw 'qy inrBr hox kwrn Aqy kwl dIAW hwlqW iv`cBu`K–mrI kr ky lukweI A`q du`KI ho jWdI sI[ Bu`Kw mrdw kI nhINkrdw dI khwvq Anuswr Bu`Kw iF`f ienklwb socx l`igAw[ ie`kAnumwn muqwbk 1872-73 qoN lY ky 1902-03 dirimAwn srkwrivru`D AnykW muzwhry hoey[ pr ienHW muzwhirAW iv`c fWgW, golIAWAqy jylH koTVIAW hI p`ly peIAW[

(84) (85)

pihlW pihl v`Ko v`K sMsQwvW iv`c bhuqw qwl myl nhIN sI[pr ijvyN hI AmrIkw Aqy kYnyfw iv`c BwrqIAW dIAW sm`isAwvWvDx l`gIAW qW ienHW iek`Ty ho ky ie`k sWJI sMsQw bnwaux dw &YslwkIqw[ Bwrq iv`c vYswK dw mhInw bhuq hI mh`qv pUrn hY Aqy^wlsy dI swjnw 1699 iv`c vYswK dy mhIny kIqI geI sI[ so kw&Isoc ivcwr ip`CoN 21 ApRYl 1913 nUM hiQAwrbMd ienklwbI j`QybMdIkwiem kIqI geI[ ies dw muFlw nW 'ihMdI AYsosIeySn Aw& pYsyiPk'r`iKAw igAw[ BweI sohx isMG Bknw ies j`QybMdI dy pRDwn, BweIkysr isMG TTgVH mIq pRDwn, lwlw hridAwl jnrl sk`qr,pMifq kwSI rwm mVOlI ^jwncI cuxy gey[ ikauNik ies j`QybMdI dwmu`K audyS hiQAwrbMd ienklwb rwhIN dyS nUM Awzwd krwauxw AqyPrMgI nUM Bjwauxw imiQAw igAw sI[ ies leI kuJ smW bwAdj`QybMdI dw nW bdl ky 'ihMdusqwn gdr pwrtI' r`iKAw igAw[

gdr pwrtI dw kyNdrI d&qr Aqy gdr prcw kFxwiksy vI j`QybMdI nUM Xog FMg nwl clwaux leI aus dw d&qr

hoxw zrUrI hY[ d&qr ie`k kyNdrI jgHw huMdI hY ij`Qy hr koeIsuqMqrqw sihq Aw ky bYT skdw hY, j`QybMdI v`loN ho rhI kwrvweIhwsl kr skdw hY Aqy ies nUM shI lIhW qy clwaux leI AwpxysuJwA dy skdw hY[ ikauNik prvwsI pMjwbIAW ny dyS nUM Awzwdkrvwaux leI gdr pwrtI snPrWissko (AmrIkw) iv`c bxweI sIies leI d&qr vI ie`Qy hI bxwieAw igAw[ ies dw nW 'XugWqrAwSrm' r`iKAw jo 436 ih`l strIt 'qy siQ`q sI[ Asl iv`c iehiksy gory dw mkwn sI jo ikrwey 'qy ilAw sI[ pr kuJ smW bwAdd&qr 5-vu`f strIt 'qy cilAw igAw[ XugMqr bMgwlI BwSw dwSbd hY Aqy Xu`g+AMqr nUM joV ky bixAw hY[ XugMqr dw Bwv hY Xu`gpltwaU[ lwlw hridAwl ies dy ieMcwrz bxwey gey[ sB qoNpihlW 'gdr' nW dw A^bwr k`Fx dw &Yslw kIqw igAw qWik gdrpwrtI v`loN iv`Fy sMGrS qoN dyS vwsI Aqy prdysI jwxU ho skx[AKbwr dI CpweI leI mSIn vI KRIdI geI[ gdrI dyS Bgq jo vIgupq mIitMg krdy Aqy Awaux vwly smyN AMdr sMGrS dI rUp-ryKwaulIkdy auh A^bwr rwhIN BwrqI jMqw q`k phuMcwauNdy sn[ hOlI hOlI

gdr nW dy prcy dIAW gUMjW dUr dUr q`k pY geIAW[ lok ies nUMrIJ nwl pVHdy Aqy brW pVHy iliKAW qoN suxdy[ aunHW AMdr A^bwrdw Aglw prcw dyKx leI bhuq iK`c rihMdI sI[ ieM\ ies AKbwrny ihMdusqwnIAW dy id`lW AMdr AwzwdI dI cMigAwVI bwl id`qI[

d&qr dy rcy leI prvwsIAW ny Dn iek`qr kIqw[ ieh vIPYslw kIqw ik hr BwrqI do fwlr pRqI mhInw Krcy leI dyvy[AsUl ieh vI bxwieAw ik kmytI mYNbr in`jI ^rcw AwpxI zyb'coNkrngy[ CpweI mSIn clwaux leI pihlW ie`k gorw A`Dw fwlrpRqI GMty dy ihswb r`iKAw igAw[ pr CyqI hI BweI krqwr isMGsrwBw ny ieh kMm sMBwl ilAw[ gdr nW dw prcw smW pw ky h&qyip`CoN inklx l`g ipAw[ ies dw pihlw prcw 1 nvMbr 1913 nUMCipAw jo pMjwbI Aqy aurdU iv`c CwipAw igAw[ ies A^bwr dw nW1857 dy gdr jo ihMdusqwn AMdr AMgryzI srkwr ivru`D au~iTAw sInUM mu`K r`K ky r`iKAw igAw sI[ ieh 'gdr dI gUMj' nwmI prcw1948 q`k Cpdw irhw[ ikauNik XugWqr AwSrm iv`c gdrI imlbYTdy sn, mIitMgW krdy Aqy Biv`K bwry pRogRwm aulIkdy ies kwrnd&qr dw nW vI bdl ky 'gdr AwSrm' kr ky mShUr ho igAw[

krqwr isMG srwbw brkly XUnIvristI iv`c pVHweI vI krdwsI Aqy lwlw hridAwl dI hr p`KoN shwieqw krdw sI[ au~qrpRdyS (XU.pI.) dw rGvIr idAwl, krqwr isMG srwBw Aqy lwlwhridAwl gdr A^bwr dI iqAwrI aurdU, pMjwbI Aqy bMgwlI iv`ckRmvwr krdy sn[ iehnW dI klm GMitAW b`DI bVy joS Aqy hoSiv`c cldI sI[ ieiqhwskwrW Anuswr krqwr isMG srwBw CwpyvwlI mSIn clwaux smyN hmySw bVy lor 'c ieh gIq gwauNdw sI:

syvw dyS dI ijMdVIey bVI AOKI,g`lW krnIAW Fyr su`KlIAW ny[ijnHW dyS syvw iv`c pYr pwieAw,auhnW l`K musIbqW J`lIAW ny[gdr A^bwr qoN ielwvw ivdvwnW ny AMgRyzI iv`c vI lGU

rswly ijvy 'The Whiteman's Deceits' (PrMgI dw &ryb), The Roarof Revolution (gdr dI gUMj); Bravo (SwbwS) Awid Cwpy[ SwbwS

(86) (87)

pihlW pihl v`Ko v`K sMsQwvW iv`c bhuqw qwl myl nhIN sI[pr ijvyN hI AmrIkw Aqy kYnyfw iv`c BwrqIAW dIAW sm`isAwvWvDx l`gIAW qW ienHW iek`Ty ho ky ie`k sWJI sMsQw bnwaux dw &YslwkIqw[ Bwrq iv`c vYswK dw mhInw bhuq hI mh`qv pUrn hY Aqy^wlsy dI swjnw 1699 iv`c vYswK dy mhIny kIqI geI sI[ so kw&Isoc ivcwr ip`CoN 21 ApRYl 1913 nUM hiQAwrbMd ienklwbI j`QybMdIkwiem kIqI geI[ ies dw muFlw nW 'ihMdI AYsosIeySn Aw& pYsyiPk'r`iKAw igAw[ BweI sohx isMG Bknw ies j`QybMdI dy pRDwn, BweIkysr isMG TTgVH mIq pRDwn, lwlw hridAwl jnrl sk`qr,pMifq kwSI rwm mVOlI ^jwncI cuxy gey[ ikauNik ies j`QybMdI dwmu`K audyS hiQAwrbMd ienklwb rwhIN dyS nUM Awzwd krwauxw AqyPrMgI nUM Bjwauxw imiQAw igAw sI[ ies leI kuJ smW bwAdj`QybMdI dw nW bdl ky 'ihMdusqwn gdr pwrtI' r`iKAw igAw[

gdr pwrtI dw kyNdrI d&qr Aqy gdr prcw kFxwiksy vI j`QybMdI nUM Xog FMg nwl clwaux leI aus dw d&qr

hoxw zrUrI hY[ d&qr ie`k kyNdrI jgHw huMdI hY ij`Qy hr koeIsuqMqrqw sihq Aw ky bYT skdw hY, j`QybMdI v`loN ho rhI kwrvweIhwsl kr skdw hY Aqy ies nUM shI lIhW qy clwaux leI AwpxysuJwA dy skdw hY[ ikauNik prvwsI pMjwbIAW ny dyS nUM Awzwdkrvwaux leI gdr pwrtI snPrWissko (AmrIkw) iv`c bxweI sIies leI d&qr vI ie`Qy hI bxwieAw igAw[ ies dw nW 'XugWqrAwSrm' r`iKAw jo 436 ih`l strIt 'qy siQ`q sI[ Asl iv`c iehiksy gory dw mkwn sI jo ikrwey 'qy ilAw sI[ pr kuJ smW bwAdd&qr 5-vu`f strIt 'qy cilAw igAw[ XugMqr bMgwlI BwSw dwSbd hY Aqy Xu`g+AMqr nUM joV ky bixAw hY[ XugMqr dw Bwv hY Xu`gpltwaU[ lwlw hridAwl ies dy ieMcwrz bxwey gey[ sB qoNpihlW 'gdr' nW dw A^bwr k`Fx dw &Yslw kIqw igAw qWik gdrpwrtI v`loN iv`Fy sMGrS qoN dyS vwsI Aqy prdysI jwxU ho skx[AKbwr dI CpweI leI mSIn vI KRIdI geI[ gdrI dyS Bgq jo vIgupq mIitMg krdy Aqy Awaux vwly smyN AMdr sMGrS dI rUp-ryKwaulIkdy auh A^bwr rwhIN BwrqI jMqw q`k phuMcwauNdy sn[ hOlI hOlI

gdr nW dy prcy dIAW gUMjW dUr dUr q`k pY geIAW[ lok ies nUMrIJ nwl pVHdy Aqy brW pVHy iliKAW qoN suxdy[ aunHW AMdr A^bwrdw Aglw prcw dyKx leI bhuq iK`c rihMdI sI[ ieM\ ies AKbwrny ihMdusqwnIAW dy id`lW AMdr AwzwdI dI cMigAwVI bwl id`qI[

d&qr dy rcy leI prvwsIAW ny Dn iek`qr kIqw[ ieh vIPYslw kIqw ik hr BwrqI do fwlr pRqI mhInw Krcy leI dyvy[AsUl ieh vI bxwieAw ik kmytI mYNbr in`jI ^rcw AwpxI zyb'coNkrngy[ CpweI mSIn clwaux leI pihlW ie`k gorw A`Dw fwlrpRqI GMty dy ihswb r`iKAw igAw[ pr CyqI hI BweI krqwr isMGsrwBw ny ieh kMm sMBwl ilAw[ gdr nW dw prcw smW pw ky h&qyip`CoN inklx l`g ipAw[ ies dw pihlw prcw 1 nvMbr 1913 nUMCipAw jo pMjwbI Aqy aurdU iv`c CwipAw igAw[ ies A^bwr dw nW1857 dy gdr jo ihMdusqwn AMdr AMgryzI srkwr ivru`D au~iTAw sInUM mu`K r`K ky r`iKAw igAw sI[ ieh 'gdr dI gUMj' nwmI prcw1948 q`k Cpdw irhw[ ikauNik XugWqr AwSrm iv`c gdrI imlbYTdy sn, mIitMgW krdy Aqy Biv`K bwry pRogRwm aulIkdy ies kwrnd&qr dw nW vI bdl ky 'gdr AwSrm' kr ky mShUr ho igAw[

krqwr isMG srwbw brkly XUnIvristI iv`c pVHweI vI krdwsI Aqy lwlw hridAwl dI hr p`KoN shwieqw krdw sI[ au~qrpRdyS (XU.pI.) dw rGvIr idAwl, krqwr isMG srwBw Aqy lwlwhridAwl gdr A^bwr dI iqAwrI aurdU, pMjwbI Aqy bMgwlI iv`ckRmvwr krdy sn[ iehnW dI klm GMitAW b`DI bVy joS Aqy hoSiv`c cldI sI[ ieiqhwskwrW Anuswr krqwr isMG srwBw CwpyvwlI mSIn clwaux smyN hmySw bVy lor 'c ieh gIq gwauNdw sI:

syvw dyS dI ijMdVIey bVI AOKI,g`lW krnIAW Fyr su`KlIAW ny[ijnHW dyS syvw iv`c pYr pwieAw,auhnW l`K musIbqW J`lIAW ny[gdr A^bwr qoN ielwvw ivdvwnW ny AMgRyzI iv`c vI lGU

rswly ijvy 'The Whiteman's Deceits' (PrMgI dw &ryb), The Roarof Revolution (gdr dI gUMj); Bravo (SwbwS) Awid Cwpy[ SwbwS

(86) (87)

dy ikqwbcy iv`c lwrf hwrifMg 'qy bMb su`tx vwilAW dI vifAweIsI[ gdrIAW dIAW kwrvweIAW &rMgI nUM kMfy cuBx vWg duKdweIBws rhIAW sn[ ies leI ienHW AmrIkw srkwr 'qy zor pw kylwlw hridAwl nUM AmrIkw 'coN D`ky nwl k`Fvw id``qw[ ienHW ip`CoNBweI sMqoK isMG ny jnrl sk`qr dw Ahudw sMBwl ky gdr AwSrmdI vwgfor sMBwl leI[ ies AMdoln dI qyzI leI mOlvI brkuq`lwnUM jpwn qoN Aqy BweI Bgvwn isMG nUM iPlpweIn qoN mMgvwieAwigAw[ ienHW qoN ielwvw sohx lwl pwTk, pMifq kWSI rwm, hrnwmisMG tuMfIlwt, hrnwm isMG swhrI Aqy rwm cMd Awid vI Gol iv`cjut gey[

Bwrq dI AzwdI ip`CoN ies AwSrm dw pRbMD Bwrq srkwr nUMsONipAw igAw[ AwSrm iv`c peIAW ieiqhwsk vsqW Aqy kwgzp`qr srkwr ny Awpxy AiDkwr 'c ivrsy vjoN sWB ley[ A`j klHies AwSrm dw nW 'gdr mYmorIAl' hY[ gdr lihr nwl hr pRdysIdy mn iv`c ieh Sbd v`jx l`gy:

dyS pYx D`ky bwhr imly FoeI nw[swfw pRdysIAW dw dyS koeI nw[

gdrIAW dy mnW AMdr dyS dI AwzwdIdw sMklp pYdw hoxw

su`KW Bry jIvn AMdr bMdw Awrwm-qlbI, AYSo-ieSrq Aqy&jUl-KrcI 'c pY jWdw hY[ AYsy jIvn AMdr nw koeI praupkwrqwvwlI Aqy nw hI dyS BgqI dI soc aupjdI hY blik bMdw mwieAw dynSy 'c gu`t ho ky nSy-p`qy iv`c pY ky srIr nUM rogI vI bxw lYNdw hY[pr ies dy ault jdoN kdy izMdgI iv`c du`K qklI& jW ibpqw Awjwvy jW koeI Tokr vjy qW auh kuJ cMgw krn leI socdw hY Aqy su`qIklw jgwauNdw hY[ auh du`K bMdy leI dwrU dw kMm krdw hY Aqysm`isAwvW dy h`l leI socx lw idMdw hY[ gurbwxI dy vI bol hn;duK dwrU suK rog BieAw[

iesy qrHW gdrI bwibAW dy mnW AMdr vI koeI nw koeI iksysmyN s`t v`jI qW hI auh dyS nUM Awzwd krwaux dy rwh au~qy qury Aqy

keI aunHW dI sMgq kwrn qur pey[ AijhIAW mn 'qy s`t v`jxvwlIAW gwQwvW qW bhuq hn[ pr pwTkW nUM drswaux leI krqwrisMG srwBy nwl ie`k h`f-bIqI ie`Qy AMkq kIqI geI hY[

gwQw hY ik ie`k idn krqwr isMG kuJ Kwx-pIx leI AmrIkwivKy ie`k hotl iv`c igAw[ nslI Byd Bwv kwrn hotl dy nOkrW nyies v`l koeI iDAwn nw id`qw[ ieh aufIk ky kuJ smyN ip`CoN hotldy mYnyjr dy kmry iv`c iSkwieq krn igAw[ hotl dI mYnyjr ie`kgorI sI pr aus dy mn AMdr dyS BgqI ku`t ku`t ky BrI hoeI sI[aus ny krqwr isMG srwBw dI g`l suxn qoN pihlW Awpxy kmry 'cl`gIAW kuJ &otoAW pu`TIAW kr id`qIAW [ krqwr isMG ny aus lyfInUM AwiKAw, “mYfm! pihlW mYnUM ieh d`so ik myrI g`l suxn qoNpihlW ieh PotoAW pu`TIAW ikauN kr id`qIAW”? au~qr iv`c lyfI nyikhw, “dosq! ieh PotoAW dyS BgqW dIAW hn ijnHW ny swnUM AwzwdIidvweI hY[ mYN nhIN cwhuMdI ik ie`k gulwm mulk dy bMdy dI nzrienHW 'qy pvy Aqy myrw dyS muV gulwm ho jwvy”[ bs ies g`l nykrqwr isMG srwBw dy mn AMdr dyS dI AwzwdI leI icMxg pYdwkr id`qI[

ies Gtnw auprMq krqwr isMG ny dyS dI AwzwdI leI idnrwq ie`k kr id`qw[ aus dI izMdgI dw ie`ko ie`k AkIdw Bwrq dIAwzwdI sI[ ie`k idn lwlw hridAwl piritMg pRYs vwly kmry 'cjdoN gey qW krqwr isMG srwBw CpweI dy kMm 'c mgn sI[ lwlw jIny AwiKAw, “krqwr isMG kdy Awrwm kr ilAw kr”[ krqwrisMG ny au~qr iv`c ikhw, “jdoN q`k myrw dyS Awzwd nhIN huMdw myryleI Awrwm hrwm hY”[

gdrIAW dI dyS vwpsI Aqy ShwdqWgdrI bwibAW ny dyS dI AwzwdI dI lihr nUM pRPu`lq krn

leI v`K v`K dySW 'c kwnPrMsW kr ky gdr SwKwvW KolH id`qIAW[skrwmYNto, ivktorIAw Aqy vYnkUvr iv`c v`fy iek`T hoey[ ienHWkwnPrMsW qoN auqSwhq ho ky bhuq swirAW ny AwpxI KUn psIny dIkIqI kmweI gdr pwrtI nUM dwn kr ky iPlpweIn, cIn , jpwn,isMGwpur, hWgkWg Aqy QweIlYNf rwhIN Bwrq (ihMdusqwn) phuMcx dy

(88) (89)

dy ikqwbcy iv`c lwrf hwrifMg 'qy bMb su`tx vwilAW dI vifAweIsI[ gdrIAW dIAW kwrvweIAW &rMgI nUM kMfy cuBx vWg duKdweIBws rhIAW sn[ ies leI ienHW AmrIkw srkwr 'qy zor pw kylwlw hridAwl nUM AmrIkw 'coN D`ky nwl k`Fvw id``qw[ ienHW ip`CoNBweI sMqoK isMG ny jnrl sk`qr dw Ahudw sMBwl ky gdr AwSrmdI vwgfor sMBwl leI[ ies AMdoln dI qyzI leI mOlvI brkuq`lwnUM jpwn qoN Aqy BweI Bgvwn isMG nUM iPlpweIn qoN mMgvwieAwigAw[ ienHW qoN ielwvw sohx lwl pwTk, pMifq kWSI rwm, hrnwmisMG tuMfIlwt, hrnwm isMG swhrI Aqy rwm cMd Awid vI Gol iv`cjut gey[

Bwrq dI AzwdI ip`CoN ies AwSrm dw pRbMD Bwrq srkwr nUMsONipAw igAw[ AwSrm iv`c peIAW ieiqhwsk vsqW Aqy kwgzp`qr srkwr ny Awpxy AiDkwr 'c ivrsy vjoN sWB ley[ A`j klHies AwSrm dw nW 'gdr mYmorIAl' hY[ gdr lihr nwl hr pRdysIdy mn iv`c ieh Sbd v`jx l`gy:

dyS pYx D`ky bwhr imly FoeI nw[swfw pRdysIAW dw dyS koeI nw[

gdrIAW dy mnW AMdr dyS dI AwzwdIdw sMklp pYdw hoxw

su`KW Bry jIvn AMdr bMdw Awrwm-qlbI, AYSo-ieSrq Aqy&jUl-KrcI 'c pY jWdw hY[ AYsy jIvn AMdr nw koeI praupkwrqwvwlI Aqy nw hI dyS BgqI dI soc aupjdI hY blik bMdw mwieAw dynSy 'c gu`t ho ky nSy-p`qy iv`c pY ky srIr nUM rogI vI bxw lYNdw hY[pr ies dy ault jdoN kdy izMdgI iv`c du`K qklI& jW ibpqw Awjwvy jW koeI Tokr vjy qW auh kuJ cMgw krn leI socdw hY Aqy su`qIklw jgwauNdw hY[ auh du`K bMdy leI dwrU dw kMm krdw hY Aqysm`isAwvW dy h`l leI socx lw idMdw hY[ gurbwxI dy vI bol hn;duK dwrU suK rog BieAw[

iesy qrHW gdrI bwibAW dy mnW AMdr vI koeI nw koeI iksysmyN s`t v`jI qW hI auh dyS nUM Awzwd krwaux dy rwh au~qy qury Aqy

keI aunHW dI sMgq kwrn qur pey[ AijhIAW mn 'qy s`t v`jxvwlIAW gwQwvW qW bhuq hn[ pr pwTkW nUM drswaux leI krqwrisMG srwBy nwl ie`k h`f-bIqI ie`Qy AMkq kIqI geI hY[

gwQw hY ik ie`k idn krqwr isMG kuJ Kwx-pIx leI AmrIkwivKy ie`k hotl iv`c igAw[ nslI Byd Bwv kwrn hotl dy nOkrW nyies v`l koeI iDAwn nw id`qw[ ieh aufIk ky kuJ smyN ip`CoN hotldy mYnyjr dy kmry iv`c iSkwieq krn igAw[ hotl dI mYnyjr ie`kgorI sI pr aus dy mn AMdr dyS BgqI ku`t ku`t ky BrI hoeI sI[aus ny krqwr isMG srwBw dI g`l suxn qoN pihlW Awpxy kmry 'cl`gIAW kuJ &otoAW pu`TIAW kr id`qIAW [ krqwr isMG ny aus lyfInUM AwiKAw, “mYfm! pihlW mYnUM ieh d`so ik myrI g`l suxn qoNpihlW ieh PotoAW pu`TIAW ikauN kr id`qIAW”? au~qr iv`c lyfI nyikhw, “dosq! ieh PotoAW dyS BgqW dIAW hn ijnHW ny swnUM AwzwdIidvweI hY[ mYN nhIN cwhuMdI ik ie`k gulwm mulk dy bMdy dI nzrienHW 'qy pvy Aqy myrw dyS muV gulwm ho jwvy”[ bs ies g`l nykrqwr isMG srwBw dy mn AMdr dyS dI AwzwdI leI icMxg pYdwkr id`qI[

ies Gtnw auprMq krqwr isMG ny dyS dI AwzwdI leI idnrwq ie`k kr id`qw[ aus dI izMdgI dw ie`ko ie`k AkIdw Bwrq dIAwzwdI sI[ ie`k idn lwlw hridAwl piritMg pRYs vwly kmry 'cjdoN gey qW krqwr isMG srwBw CpweI dy kMm 'c mgn sI[ lwlw jIny AwiKAw, “krqwr isMG kdy Awrwm kr ilAw kr”[ krqwrisMG ny au~qr iv`c ikhw, “jdoN q`k myrw dyS Awzwd nhIN huMdw myryleI Awrwm hrwm hY”[

gdrIAW dI dyS vwpsI Aqy ShwdqWgdrI bwibAW ny dyS dI AwzwdI dI lihr nUM pRPu`lq krn

leI v`K v`K dySW 'c kwnPrMsW kr ky gdr SwKwvW KolH id`qIAW[skrwmYNto, ivktorIAw Aqy vYnkUvr iv`c v`fy iek`T hoey[ ienHWkwnPrMsW qoN auqSwhq ho ky bhuq swirAW ny AwpxI KUn psIny dIkIqI kmweI gdr pwrtI nUM dwn kr ky iPlpweIn, cIn , jpwn,isMGwpur, hWgkWg Aqy QweIlYNf rwhIN Bwrq (ihMdusqwn) phuMcx dy

(88) (89)

mn bxw ley[ do swlW iv`c hI qkrIbn 8 hzwr gdrI AwpxI mwqBUmI 'qy phuMc gey[

gdrIAW dI dyS vwpsI nUM q`k Bwrq dI brqwnIAW srkwr nyiek Purmwn 'The Eagerness Ordinance' (srgrmIAW sMbMDI Purmwn)jwrI kIqw ik ijhVw vI gdrI ihMdusqwn v`l Aw irhw hY aus nUMpkV ky jylH iv`c bMd kr id`qw jwvy[ gdrIAW aup`r nzr r`KxleI srkwr ny sUhIey r`Ky hoey sn[ sUhIAW dI sUh imlx qy bhuqswry gdrI PV ky jylHW 'c su`t vI id`qy sn[ auh gdrI hI bc kyinkl sky ijhVy j`Qy bxw ky Awey sn[

krqwr isMG srwBw AmrIkw qoN pihlW kolMbo (lMkw) phuMicAwAqy luk iCp ky ipMf phuMc igAw[ ie`k idn ipMf dI s`Q iv`c bYTybMidAW ny p`uiCAw, “krqwr! qUM AmrIkw qoN ikMny ku pYsy kmw kyilAWdy hn”[ au~qr iv`c aus ny ikhw, “mYN AmrIkw 'coN auh bUtwpu`t ky ilAWdw hY ijs nUM rupey hI rupey l`gy hoey hn[aus bUty nyquhwnUM vI mwlw mwl kr dyxw hY, AwzwdI idvwauxI hY Aqy swfyvrigAW dI Xwd sdw leI kwiem kr dyxI hY[ aus bUty nUM hrw Brwr`Kx leI bj bj Gwt 'qy bjurgW ny KUn pwieAw hY Aqy AsINAwpxw pw dyxw hY”[

dsMbr 1914 iv`c mrhtw nOjvwn ivSnUM Aqy gxyS ipMgly vIphuMc gey[ ienHW dI m`dd nwl sRI swicMdr nwQ sinAwl qy rwsibhwrI bos vI pMjwb phuMc gey[ ienHW phuMc ky mogy Aqy iProzpurCwauxI ivKy gupq mIitMgW krn leI pRogRwm aulIikAw[ krqwr isMGsrwBw ny gdr dw sunyhw (The Gaddar Message) Aqy lVweI dwGoSxw p`qr (The Declaration of War) hzwrW dI igxqI iv`c vMfyijnHW ny lokW nUM pUrn qOr qy AwzwdI pRqI jwgqR kr id`qw[ mOky dwPwiedw auTwidAW ik AMgryz &OjW pihly mhW Xu`D iv`c ru`JIAWhoeIAW hn gdrIAW ny lwhOr, rwvlipMfI, myrT, lKnaU, pySwvrAqy bMnU fvIznW iv`c BwrqI &OjIAW nUM AMgryz srkwr ivru`DlwmbMd hox leI sMprk pYdw kIqw[ nvMbr 1914 iv`c iqMn vwrienHW fvIznW 'qy kbzw krn dI skIm pihlW hI GVI geI prkwmXwbI nw imlI[ iPr 21 PrvrI 1915 nUM lwhOr Aqy AMimRqsr dy

gdrIAW ny prym isMG Aqy jgq isMG ipMf surisMG vwlw dI kmWfhyT mIAW mIr CwauxI Aqy krqwr isMG srwBw dI AgvweI 'ciProzpur CwauxI qy hmly dI gupq Xojnw bxweI[ pr ikrpwl isMGnwmI sUhIey ny gdwrI kIqI Aqy ies bwry pulIs nUM AMdrKwqy sUicqkr id`qw[ BwvyN gdrIAW ny pqw l`gx 'qy imQI qRIk qoN do idnpihlW Bwv 19 PrvrI nUM hmlw krnw sI pr jwsUs ikrpwl isMGnUM ies dw vI pqw l`g igAw[ jdoN 19 PrvrI nUM jQybMd ho ky lokWny hmlw krnw cwihAw qW &Oj ny kwrvweI krky aunHW nUM igRPqwrkr ilAw[ igRPqwrW iv`c krqwr isMG srwBw, jgq isMG Aqy bwbwtuMfIlwt vI Swml sn[ ienHW PVy, gdrIAW 'c muKIAW nUM PWsI dIszw, keIAW nUM aumr kYd Aqy keIAW nUM AMfymwn (kwlypwxI) ByjxdI szw dw hukm hoieAw[ ienHW dy mukdmy dOrwn prym isMG sur isMGvwlw ny Awpxy swQIAW dI m`dd nwl kOm dy keI gdwrW AqyKuSwmdIAW nUM mwr mukw id`qw[

krqwr isMG srwBw smyq pihlW 24 gdrIAW nUM mOq dI szwsuxweI geI[ pr mgroN 17 dI mOq dI szw aumr kYd iv`c bdlid`qI[ krqwr isMG srwBw Aqy aus dy 6 swQIAW nUM 16 nvMbr 1915nUM lwhOr dI sYNtrl jylH iv`c PWsI id`qI geI[ ienHW swry sUrbIrW ny'boly so inhwl siq sRI Akwl' Aqy 'jY ihMd' dy jYkwry gjw ky hsUM hsMUkridAW PWsI dy rsy nUM cMuimAW Aqy Shwdq id`qI[ bwbw sohx isMGBknw dy Sbd hn, “ijQy krqwr isMG srwBw gdr pwrtI dy swrymYNbrW qoN aumr iv`c Cotw sI au~Qy auh kurbwnI iv`c swfy swirAW qoNmUhry lMG igAw”[

krqwr isMG srwBw dy mwqw ipqw qW bcpn iv`c hI iessMswr qoN cly gey sn[ auprMq ies dy dwdw jI ny poqy nUM cwvW nwlpwilAw sI[ dyS Bgq Xwdgwr jlMDr kmytI ny krqwr isMG sMbMDIaurdU ilKq 18.12.1950 vwlI sWBI hoeI hY jo sohn isMG Bknw nyilKI sI[ ies ilKq iv`c drz hY ik krqwr isMG srwBw dy dwdwjI jdoN AwKrI imlxI krn gey qW aunHW dy A`KW 'coN hMJU iqRp iqRpkr ky vihx l`gy, pr A`goN jMgy-AwzwdI dy bxn vwly Amr-ShIdny h`s ky ikhw,“dwdw jI! roNdy ikauN hoN? mYN prvwr leI koeI nmoSIvwlw kMm nhIN krky jw irhw[ mYN qW 30 kRoV gulwm bMidAW nUM

(90) (91)

mn bxw ley[ do swlW iv`c hI qkrIbn 8 hzwr gdrI AwpxI mwqBUmI 'qy phuMc gey[

gdrIAW dI dyS vwpsI nUM q`k Bwrq dI brqwnIAW srkwr nyiek Purmwn 'The Eagerness Ordinance' (srgrmIAW sMbMDI Purmwn)jwrI kIqw ik ijhVw vI gdrI ihMdusqwn v`l Aw irhw hY aus nUMpkV ky jylH iv`c bMd kr id`qw jwvy[ gdrIAW aup`r nzr r`KxleI srkwr ny sUhIey r`Ky hoey sn[ sUhIAW dI sUh imlx qy bhuqswry gdrI PV ky jylHW 'c su`t vI id`qy sn[ auh gdrI hI bc kyinkl sky ijhVy j`Qy bxw ky Awey sn[

krqwr isMG srwBw AmrIkw qoN pihlW kolMbo (lMkw) phuMicAwAqy luk iCp ky ipMf phuMc igAw[ ie`k idn ipMf dI s`Q iv`c bYTybMidAW ny p`uiCAw, “krqwr! qUM AmrIkw qoN ikMny ku pYsy kmw kyilAWdy hn”[ au~qr iv`c aus ny ikhw, “mYN AmrIkw 'coN auh bUtwpu`t ky ilAWdw hY ijs nUM rupey hI rupey l`gy hoey hn[aus bUty nyquhwnUM vI mwlw mwl kr dyxw hY, AwzwdI idvwauxI hY Aqy swfyvrigAW dI Xwd sdw leI kwiem kr dyxI hY[ aus bUty nUM hrw Brwr`Kx leI bj bj Gwt 'qy bjurgW ny KUn pwieAw hY Aqy AsINAwpxw pw dyxw hY”[

dsMbr 1914 iv`c mrhtw nOjvwn ivSnUM Aqy gxyS ipMgly vIphuMc gey[ ienHW dI m`dd nwl sRI swicMdr nwQ sinAwl qy rwsibhwrI bos vI pMjwb phuMc gey[ ienHW phuMc ky mogy Aqy iProzpurCwauxI ivKy gupq mIitMgW krn leI pRogRwm aulIikAw[ krqwr isMGsrwBw ny gdr dw sunyhw (The Gaddar Message) Aqy lVweI dwGoSxw p`qr (The Declaration of War) hzwrW dI igxqI iv`c vMfyijnHW ny lokW nUM pUrn qOr qy AwzwdI pRqI jwgqR kr id`qw[ mOky dwPwiedw auTwidAW ik AMgryz &OjW pihly mhW Xu`D iv`c ru`JIAWhoeIAW hn gdrIAW ny lwhOr, rwvlipMfI, myrT, lKnaU, pySwvrAqy bMnU fvIznW iv`c BwrqI &OjIAW nUM AMgryz srkwr ivru`DlwmbMd hox leI sMprk pYdw kIqw[ nvMbr 1914 iv`c iqMn vwrienHW fvIznW 'qy kbzw krn dI skIm pihlW hI GVI geI prkwmXwbI nw imlI[ iPr 21 PrvrI 1915 nUM lwhOr Aqy AMimRqsr dy

gdrIAW ny prym isMG Aqy jgq isMG ipMf surisMG vwlw dI kmWfhyT mIAW mIr CwauxI Aqy krqwr isMG srwBw dI AgvweI 'ciProzpur CwauxI qy hmly dI gupq Xojnw bxweI[ pr ikrpwl isMGnwmI sUhIey ny gdwrI kIqI Aqy ies bwry pulIs nUM AMdrKwqy sUicqkr id`qw[ BwvyN gdrIAW ny pqw l`gx 'qy imQI qRIk qoN do idnpihlW Bwv 19 PrvrI nUM hmlw krnw sI pr jwsUs ikrpwl isMGnUM ies dw vI pqw l`g igAw[ jdoN 19 PrvrI nUM jQybMd ho ky lokWny hmlw krnw cwihAw qW &Oj ny kwrvweI krky aunHW nUM igRPqwrkr ilAw[ igRPqwrW iv`c krqwr isMG srwBw, jgq isMG Aqy bwbwtuMfIlwt vI Swml sn[ ienHW PVy, gdrIAW 'c muKIAW nUM PWsI dIszw, keIAW nUM aumr kYd Aqy keIAW nUM AMfymwn (kwlypwxI) ByjxdI szw dw hukm hoieAw[ ienHW dy mukdmy dOrwn prym isMG sur isMGvwlw ny Awpxy swQIAW dI m`dd nwl kOm dy keI gdwrW AqyKuSwmdIAW nUM mwr mukw id`qw[

krqwr isMG srwBw smyq pihlW 24 gdrIAW nUM mOq dI szwsuxweI geI[ pr mgroN 17 dI mOq dI szw aumr kYd iv`c bdlid`qI[ krqwr isMG srwBw Aqy aus dy 6 swQIAW nUM 16 nvMbr 1915nUM lwhOr dI sYNtrl jylH iv`c PWsI id`qI geI[ ienHW swry sUrbIrW ny'boly so inhwl siq sRI Akwl' Aqy 'jY ihMd' dy jYkwry gjw ky hsUM hsMUkridAW PWsI dy rsy nUM cMuimAW Aqy Shwdq id`qI[ bwbw sohx isMGBknw dy Sbd hn, “ijQy krqwr isMG srwBw gdr pwrtI dy swrymYNbrW qoN aumr iv`c Cotw sI au~Qy auh kurbwnI iv`c swfy swirAW qoNmUhry lMG igAw”[

krqwr isMG srwBw dy mwqw ipqw qW bcpn iv`c hI iessMswr qoN cly gey sn[ auprMq ies dy dwdw jI ny poqy nUM cwvW nwlpwilAw sI[ dyS Bgq Xwdgwr jlMDr kmytI ny krqwr isMG sMbMDIaurdU ilKq 18.12.1950 vwlI sWBI hoeI hY jo sohn isMG Bknw nyilKI sI[ ies ilKq iv`c drz hY ik krqwr isMG srwBw dy dwdwjI jdoN AwKrI imlxI krn gey qW aunHW dy A`KW 'coN hMJU iqRp iqRpkr ky vihx l`gy, pr A`goN jMgy-AwzwdI dy bxn vwly Amr-ShIdny h`s ky ikhw,“dwdw jI! roNdy ikauN hoN? mYN prvwr leI koeI nmoSIvwlw kMm nhIN krky jw irhw[ mYN qW 30 kRoV gulwm bMidAW nUM

(90) (91)

AwzwdI idvwaux leI ieh kMm kIqw hY[ qusIN rovo nw sgoN myrISwn-SOkq vwlI Shwdq nUM KuSI nwl mnwau”[

19 swlw krqwr isMG srwBy nwl aus dy Cy swQIAW, vI.jI.ipMgly (mhwrwStr), b^SIS isMG ig`lvwlI (AMimRqsr); jgq isMGsur isMG vwly (AMimRqsr); surYx isMG ig`lvwlI spu`qr bUV isMG;surYx isMG ig`lvwlI spu`qr eISr isMG Aqy hrnwm isMG B`tIAWgurwieAW (isAwlkot) nUM vI PWsI dy PMDy qy ltkwieAw igAw[ShIdy-Awzm Bgq isMG, krqwr isMG srwBw nUM Awpxw ausqwdsmJdw sI[

gdrIAW dI dyS vwpsI Aqy ShwdqWkrqwr isMG srwBw bhuq hI inrBY, bhwdr Aqy roSn idmwg

sI[ auh klw, pRym Aqy suhjvwd dw somw sI[ aus ny soicAw ikgdr pwrtI dw JMfw hoxw zrUrI hY ikauNik JMfw sMsQw dy audyS,inSwn Aqy kwrnwimAW nUM pRgt krdw hY[ sMn 1913 iv`c srwBy nyAwpxI au~cI-su`cI soc Anuswr pwrtI dw JMfw iqAwr kIqw ijsiv`c iqMn rMg lwl, kysrI Aqy hrw r`Ky gey jo ihMdU, is`K Aqymuslmwn dI sWJIvwlqw BweIcwry Aqy brwbrqw dw pRqIk sI[ iesiv`c do ikrpwnW mIrI Aqy pIrI dy sMkyq vjoN r`KIAW geIAW[ ie`kikrpwn s`c dy pRgtwvy Aqy dUjI zbr dy nwS leI sI[ ieh JMfwAmrIkw dy gurduAwry stwktn ivKy pihlI vwr 15 PrvrI 1914 nUMJulwieAw[ ieh gurduAwrw gdrI srgrmIAW dw mu`K kyNdr sI[ieh gurduAwrw swihb 1910-11 ivc AmrIkw dy 'ptYto ikMg' (AwlUAWdw bwdSwh) igxy jWdy bwbw jvwlw isMG T`TIAW dy aud`m nwl hoNdiv`c AwieAw sI[ auprMq ieh JMfw gdr pwrtI dy d&qr 'qyJulwieAw igAw[

pMjwb iv`c gdrIAW dI iek`Tqw dw mu`K kyNdrgurduAwrw JwV swihb

srkwr ny gdrIAW dI hr kwrvweI qy A`K r`K rhI sI[ iesleI gdrI vI bVy sqrk rihMdy Aqy ie`kqrqw leI sur`iKAq QwvW

'qy hI bYTdy sn[ ienHW mIitMgW krn leI keI Gr vI ikrwey 'qyley, jW sMq gulwb dws dI Drmswlw jW drzI nOrMg isMG qWGI dIdukwn 'qy Aqy jW fwktr hrid`q isMG GMnU dy kilink qy myl-imlwp krdy[ lwhOr ivKy bIbI gulwb kOr jo bVI inDVk sI aus nyvI Awpxw mkwn gdrIAW nUM ikrwey 'qy id`qw hoieAw sI[ ies qoNielwvw pMjwb dy v`K-v`K myilAW 'qy vI ieh luk-iCp ky mIitMgWkrdy sn [ pr v`fI mIitMg leI ieh iksy Kws Brosy Xog jgHw dIBwl iv`c sn[

ikauNik bhuqy gdrI AMimRqsr, qrnqwrn Aqy lwhOr dy nyVy-qyVy dy ipMfW dy sn ijvyN Bknw, ksly, BIKIivMf, cUslyvV, BUry ,pwDrI, sur isMG vwlw Awid[ BweI prym isMG, (sur isMG vwlw),ieMdr isMG (pwDrI) Aqy lwlw isMG (BUry) ny Awpxy ipMfW lwgysMGxI F`kI sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI dI Xwd iv`c bxy gurduAwrw JwVswihb nUM mIitMgW leI bVw hI sur`iKAq smiJAw[ ie`QoN dw muKIBweI bwG isMG bVw hoxhwr, suhxw sun`Kw, cMgy k`d-kwT vwlw,Brosy Xog, Aqy dlyr idl nOjvwn sI[ ies ny gdrI isMGW nUM Broswid`qw ik mYN qn, mn Aqy Dn nwl quhwfI m`dd krWgw[ so JwVswihb gdrIAW dI mIitMgW leI mu`K jgHw bx geI[ ies leI hrkoeI gdrI inJ`k ho ky ie`Qy Aw jWdw sI Aqy gupq mIitMgW leIieh kyNdr bx igAw[ pr srkwr dIAW nzrW iv`c jo vI gdrIAWdI shwieqw krdw sI jW aunHW dy Tihrn leI itkwxw idMdw, auhkwnUMn vjoN AprwDI igixAW jWdw sI[ hor v`fy v`fy gurduAwirAWiv`c srkwr ny D`ky nwl Awpxy bMdy mohrI bxw id`qy sn ijs kwrnkoeI vI gdrI nw au~Qy Tihr skdw sI Aqy nw hI aus nUM lMgrCkwieAw jWdw sI[ pr JwV swihb gurduAwry 'c bwG isMG dy mwqwjI j`s kOr gdrIAW nUM bhuq pRym sihq lMgr CkwauNdI sI Aqyrihx leI ibsqrw vgYrw cMgw imldw sI[ pr ijs qrHW sUrjb`dlW auhly bhuqw icr luikAw nhIN rihMdw, swgr nUM ku`jy 'c bMdnhIN kIqw jw skdw, ieSk kdy CuipAw nhIN rihMdw Aqy kMn 'ckIqI g`l vI hOlI hOlI PYl jWdI hY iesy qrHW srkwr nUM muKbrW rwhINpqw l`g igAw ik gdrI JwV swihb gurduvwry iv`c mIitMgW krdyhn[ au~Qy iehnW nUM lMgr pwxI vI KUB imldw hY[

(92) (93)

AwzwdI idvwaux leI ieh kMm kIqw hY[ qusIN rovo nw sgoN myrISwn-SOkq vwlI Shwdq nUM KuSI nwl mnwau”[

19 swlw krqwr isMG srwBy nwl aus dy Cy swQIAW, vI.jI.ipMgly (mhwrwStr), b^SIS isMG ig`lvwlI (AMimRqsr); jgq isMGsur isMG vwly (AMimRqsr); surYx isMG ig`lvwlI spu`qr bUV isMG;surYx isMG ig`lvwlI spu`qr eISr isMG Aqy hrnwm isMG B`tIAWgurwieAW (isAwlkot) nUM vI PWsI dy PMDy qy ltkwieAw igAw[ShIdy-Awzm Bgq isMG, krqwr isMG srwBw nUM Awpxw ausqwdsmJdw sI[

gdrIAW dI dyS vwpsI Aqy ShwdqWkrqwr isMG srwBw bhuq hI inrBY, bhwdr Aqy roSn idmwg

sI[ auh klw, pRym Aqy suhjvwd dw somw sI[ aus ny soicAw ikgdr pwrtI dw JMfw hoxw zrUrI hY ikauNik JMfw sMsQw dy audyS,inSwn Aqy kwrnwimAW nUM pRgt krdw hY[ sMn 1913 iv`c srwBy nyAwpxI au~cI-su`cI soc Anuswr pwrtI dw JMfw iqAwr kIqw ijsiv`c iqMn rMg lwl, kysrI Aqy hrw r`Ky gey jo ihMdU, is`K Aqymuslmwn dI sWJIvwlqw BweIcwry Aqy brwbrqw dw pRqIk sI[ iesiv`c do ikrpwnW mIrI Aqy pIrI dy sMkyq vjoN r`KIAW geIAW[ ie`kikrpwn s`c dy pRgtwvy Aqy dUjI zbr dy nwS leI sI[ ieh JMfwAmrIkw dy gurduAwry stwktn ivKy pihlI vwr 15 PrvrI 1914 nUMJulwieAw[ ieh gurduAwrw gdrI srgrmIAW dw mu`K kyNdr sI[ieh gurduAwrw swihb 1910-11 ivc AmrIkw dy 'ptYto ikMg' (AwlUAWdw bwdSwh) igxy jWdy bwbw jvwlw isMG T`TIAW dy aud`m nwl hoNdiv`c AwieAw sI[ auprMq ieh JMfw gdr pwrtI dy d&qr 'qyJulwieAw igAw[

pMjwb iv`c gdrIAW dI iek`Tqw dw mu`K kyNdrgurduAwrw JwV swihb

srkwr ny gdrIAW dI hr kwrvweI qy A`K r`K rhI sI[ iesleI gdrI vI bVy sqrk rihMdy Aqy ie`kqrqw leI sur`iKAq QwvW

'qy hI bYTdy sn[ ienHW mIitMgW krn leI keI Gr vI ikrwey 'qyley, jW sMq gulwb dws dI Drmswlw jW drzI nOrMg isMG qWGI dIdukwn 'qy Aqy jW fwktr hrid`q isMG GMnU dy kilink qy myl-imlwp krdy[ lwhOr ivKy bIbI gulwb kOr jo bVI inDVk sI aus nyvI Awpxw mkwn gdrIAW nUM ikrwey 'qy id`qw hoieAw sI[ ies qoNielwvw pMjwb dy v`K-v`K myilAW 'qy vI ieh luk-iCp ky mIitMgWkrdy sn [ pr v`fI mIitMg leI ieh iksy Kws Brosy Xog jgHw dIBwl iv`c sn[

ikauNik bhuqy gdrI AMimRqsr, qrnqwrn Aqy lwhOr dy nyVy-qyVy dy ipMfW dy sn ijvyN Bknw, ksly, BIKIivMf, cUslyvV, BUry ,pwDrI, sur isMG vwlw Awid[ BweI prym isMG, (sur isMG vwlw),ieMdr isMG (pwDrI) Aqy lwlw isMG (BUry) ny Awpxy ipMfW lwgysMGxI F`kI sRI gurU Arjn dyv jI dI Xwd iv`c bxy gurduAwrw JwVswihb nUM mIitMgW leI bVw hI sur`iKAq smiJAw[ ie`QoN dw muKIBweI bwG isMG bVw hoxhwr, suhxw sun`Kw, cMgy k`d-kwT vwlw,Brosy Xog, Aqy dlyr idl nOjvwn sI[ ies ny gdrI isMGW nUM Broswid`qw ik mYN qn, mn Aqy Dn nwl quhwfI m`dd krWgw[ so JwVswihb gdrIAW dI mIitMgW leI mu`K jgHw bx geI[ ies leI hrkoeI gdrI inJ`k ho ky ie`Qy Aw jWdw sI Aqy gupq mIitMgW leIieh kyNdr bx igAw[ pr srkwr dIAW nzrW iv`c jo vI gdrIAWdI shwieqw krdw sI jW aunHW dy Tihrn leI itkwxw idMdw, auhkwnUMn vjoN AprwDI igixAW jWdw sI[ hor v`fy v`fy gurduAwirAWiv`c srkwr ny D`ky nwl Awpxy bMdy mohrI bxw id`qy sn ijs kwrnkoeI vI gdrI nw au~Qy Tihr skdw sI Aqy nw hI aus nUM lMgrCkwieAw jWdw sI[ pr JwV swihb gurduAwry 'c bwG isMG dy mwqwjI j`s kOr gdrIAW nUM bhuq pRym sihq lMgr CkwauNdI sI Aqyrihx leI ibsqrw vgYrw cMgw imldw sI[ pr ijs qrHW sUrjb`dlW auhly bhuqw icr luikAw nhIN rihMdw, swgr nUM ku`jy 'c bMdnhIN kIqw jw skdw, ieSk kdy CuipAw nhIN rihMdw Aqy kMn 'ckIqI g`l vI hOlI hOlI PYl jWdI hY iesy qrHW srkwr nUM muKbrW rwhINpqw l`g igAw ik gdrI JwV swihb gurduvwry iv`c mIitMgW krdyhn[ au~Qy iehnW nUM lMgr pwxI vI KUB imldw hY[

(92) (93)

ie`k idn puils ny Gyrw pw ky BweI bwG isMG aus dy Brw,mwqw Aqy pu`qr nUM pkV ilAw[ ipMf dy lokW v`loN v`fI igxqI iv`cQwxy A`gy mujwhrw krn nwl mwqw j`s kOr nUM qW C`f id`qw prdUijAW nUM Cy mhIny jylH 'c f`kI r`iKAw[ jylH AMdr bwG isMG 'qy GorA`iqAwcwr kIqw igAw Aqy aus dy srIr dy sUKm AMgW qy vIgu`JIAW s`tW mwrIAW[ jdoN auh jylH 'coN C`ifAw qW ienHW s`tW dI qwbnw Jldw hoieAw 11 idn ip`CoN pRwx iqAwg igAw[

bwhrly dySW dy &OjIAW v`loN gdr lihr 'cpwieAw Xogdwn

gdr lihr iv`c bwhrly dySW ijvyN ik isMGwpur, mlwieAw,hWgkWg dI &Oj iv`c BrqI BwrqI &OjIAW ny vI v`fw XogdwnpwieAw[ imswl vjoN BwrqI muslmwnW dIAW do pltnW 5-lweItienPYNtrI Aqy mlwieAw gweIf isMGwpur iv`c qwienwq sn[AmrIkw, kYnyfw, iSMGweI, mnIlw Awid iv`c rih rhy gdrI bwibAWny ienHW bwhrlIAW &OjI pltnW ivc vI gdr sMbMDI swihq phuMcwieAwsI[ swihq nUM pVH ky ienHW AxKI &OjIAW iv`c vI dyS nUM Awzwdkrwaux leI BwrI auqSwh pYdw ho igAw sI[ &OjI jvwn ^ws krmuzqbw husYn, jIvn PYloky, hIrw isMG cVHq, igAwn cMd, suMdrisMG doloN nMgl, hrnwm isMG rsUlpur, pInWg Aqy qrlok isMGAwm kr ky gurduAwirAW iv`c nqmsqk hox AwauNdy sn Aqy gdrIswihq iek`Tw kr ky A`gy vMf idMdy sn[ muslmwnW dyy mnW AMdrgdr dw jwg qurkI dy muslmwnW qoN l`igAw ikauNik qurkI AMdrbrqwnIAW srkwr v`loN muslmwnW 'qy zulm Fwhy jw rhy sn (kYlMfr1913-2013, gdr pwrtI SqwbdI smwroh kmytI, kYnyfw)[

jdoN gdrI bwby kYnyfw qy AmrIkw qoN Bwrq phuMcx leI isMGwpurAwey qW ieh 36 is`K pltn Aqy auprokq ibAwn kIqIAW pltnWdy &OjIAW nUM imly[ c`l rhI gdr lihr iv`c v`D cVH ky ih`sw pwauxleI ienHW nUM pRyirAw ikauNik gdr lihr iv`c bhuqy is`K hI Swmlsn ies leI brqwnvI hkUmq ny 36 is`K pltn dy &OjIAW qoNhiQAwr lY ley sn pr 15 PrvrI 1915 'c gdrIAW v`loN kIqIjwx vwlI kwrvweI jo pMjvIN pltn (ijs iv`c bhuqy muslmwn sn)

ny krnI imQI, bwry au~kw hI Byd nw l`igAw[ pr ih&wzq vjoN hWgkWg v`l c`lx qoN pihlW ienHW nUM vI hiQAwr jmHW krvwaux leI&OjI A&srW v`loN hukm ho igAw[ ienHW hukm suxdy swr aus goryA&sr nUM mwr id`qw ijs kol hiQAwr jmHW krvwauxy sn Aqy bwgIho gey[ auprMq ienHW gory A&srW dIAW bYrkW 'qy Dwvw bol ky keI&OjI A&sr mwr id`qy[ ieM\ bwgI hoieAW ny iqMn gru`p bxw ley AqyAglI kwrvweI AwrMB id`qI jo ies pRkwr sI :

1. ie`k gru`p ny jrmn dy kYdIAW nUM irhw krwaux leI kYNp 'qyDwvw boilAw[

2. dUjy gru`p ny hY~f kuAwtr dy muKI A&sr dI koTI jw GyrI[

3. qIjy grup ny Sihr v`l mwrc AwrMiBAw[

&OjI bwgIAW dI ies kwrvweI nUM dyK gvrnr Aqy AYfmwierljnrl ny bhuq swrI puils bulw leI[ Agly idn v`fI igxqI 'cgory ispwhI BrqI kr ky &OjI bwgIAW nUM pkVn leI lVweI AwrMBid`qI[ ies pkV DkV iv`c jo &OjI ijauNdy h`Q Awey aunHW 'coN 38 nUMqW cOrwhy iv`c KVHw krky lokW swmHxy golIAW nwl aufw id`qw, do nUMPWsI dw hukm hoieAw[ du`K dI g`l Ajy q`k Bwrq srkwr ny ienHWkurbwn hox vwly gdrIAW bwry nw hI jwixAw hY Aqy nw hI jwxn jWpCwxn dI koeI koiSS kIqI hY[ jnrl fwier ny AwpxI jIvngwQw iv`c ies bgwvq nUM gdr AMdoln dw ie`k ih`sw iliKAw hY[

iesy qrHW isMGwpur ivc blocW dI 130 rjmYNt vI bwgI ho geIsI[ ienHW ny vI iek AMgryz A&sr mwr idqw sI Aqy Awpxy lVwkUsmuMdrI jhwz nUM kMFy qy ilAwaux qoN nWh kr idqI sI[ auprMq vfIigxqI ivc pulIs dI shwieqw nwl ienHW nUM rMgUn iljwieAw igAw[ieM\ 16 jnvrI 1915 nUM pkV ky qkrIbn 200 &OjIAW nUM kort-mwrSl dI szw idqI geI, 4 PWsI ltkwey Aqy 69 nUM aumr kYd hoeI[

fwktr Abdulw ny ierwn Aqy mYsoptwmIAW q`k gdr dwswihq phuMcwieAw[ AmIr KW 24 pMjwbI rjmYNt, rihmq AlIvjIdky Aqy mOlvI brkqulw vI jylH dIAW slwKW AMdr gdr lihrdI m`dd kwrn f`ky gey[ Bwv muslmwn &OjIAW 'qy gdrIAW dIgdr lihr iv`c v`fI kurbwnI hY[

(94) (95)

ie`k idn puils ny Gyrw pw ky BweI bwG isMG aus dy Brw,mwqw Aqy pu`qr nUM pkV ilAw[ ipMf dy lokW v`loN v`fI igxqI iv`cQwxy A`gy mujwhrw krn nwl mwqw j`s kOr nUM qW C`f id`qw prdUijAW nUM Cy mhIny jylH 'c f`kI r`iKAw[ jylH AMdr bwG isMG 'qy GorA`iqAwcwr kIqw igAw Aqy aus dy srIr dy sUKm AMgW qy vIgu`JIAW s`tW mwrIAW[ jdoN auh jylH 'coN C`ifAw qW ienHW s`tW dI qwbnw Jldw hoieAw 11 idn ip`CoN pRwx iqAwg igAw[

bwhrly dySW dy &OjIAW v`loN gdr lihr 'cpwieAw Xogdwn

gdr lihr iv`c bwhrly dySW ijvyN ik isMGwpur, mlwieAw,hWgkWg dI &Oj iv`c BrqI BwrqI &OjIAW ny vI v`fw XogdwnpwieAw[ imswl vjoN BwrqI muslmwnW dIAW do pltnW 5-lweItienPYNtrI Aqy mlwieAw gweIf isMGwpur iv`c qwienwq sn[AmrIkw, kYnyfw, iSMGweI, mnIlw Awid iv`c rih rhy gdrI bwibAWny ienHW bwhrlIAW &OjI pltnW ivc vI gdr sMbMDI swihq phuMcwieAwsI[ swihq nUM pVH ky ienHW AxKI &OjIAW iv`c vI dyS nUM Awzwdkrwaux leI BwrI auqSwh pYdw ho igAw sI[ &OjI jvwn ^ws krmuzqbw husYn, jIvn PYloky, hIrw isMG cVHq, igAwn cMd, suMdrisMG doloN nMgl, hrnwm isMG rsUlpur, pInWg Aqy qrlok isMGAwm kr ky gurduAwirAW iv`c nqmsqk hox AwauNdy sn Aqy gdrIswihq iek`Tw kr ky A`gy vMf idMdy sn[ muslmwnW dyy mnW AMdrgdr dw jwg qurkI dy muslmwnW qoN l`igAw ikauNik qurkI AMdrbrqwnIAW srkwr v`loN muslmwnW 'qy zulm Fwhy jw rhy sn (kYlMfr1913-2013, gdr pwrtI SqwbdI smwroh kmytI, kYnyfw)[

jdoN gdrI bwby kYnyfw qy AmrIkw qoN Bwrq phuMcx leI isMGwpurAwey qW ieh 36 is`K pltn Aqy auprokq ibAwn kIqIAW pltnWdy &OjIAW nUM imly[ c`l rhI gdr lihr iv`c v`D cVH ky ih`sw pwauxleI ienHW nUM pRyirAw ikauNik gdr lihr iv`c bhuqy is`K hI Swmlsn ies leI brqwnvI hkUmq ny 36 is`K pltn dy &OjIAW qoNhiQAwr lY ley sn pr 15 PrvrI 1915 'c gdrIAW v`loN kIqIjwx vwlI kwrvweI jo pMjvIN pltn (ijs iv`c bhuqy muslmwn sn)

ny krnI imQI, bwry au~kw hI Byd nw l`igAw[ pr ih&wzq vjoN hWgkWg v`l c`lx qoN pihlW ienHW nUM vI hiQAwr jmHW krvwaux leI&OjI A&srW v`loN hukm ho igAw[ ienHW hukm suxdy swr aus goryA&sr nUM mwr id`qw ijs kol hiQAwr jmHW krvwauxy sn Aqy bwgIho gey[ auprMq ienHW gory A&srW dIAW bYrkW 'qy Dwvw bol ky keI&OjI A&sr mwr id`qy[ ieM\ bwgI hoieAW ny iqMn gru`p bxw ley AqyAglI kwrvweI AwrMB id`qI jo ies pRkwr sI :

1. ie`k gru`p ny jrmn dy kYdIAW nUM irhw krwaux leI kYNp 'qyDwvw boilAw[

2. dUjy gru`p ny hY~f kuAwtr dy muKI A&sr dI koTI jw GyrI[

3. qIjy grup ny Sihr v`l mwrc AwrMiBAw[

&OjI bwgIAW dI ies kwrvweI nUM dyK gvrnr Aqy AYfmwierljnrl ny bhuq swrI puils bulw leI[ Agly idn v`fI igxqI 'cgory ispwhI BrqI kr ky &OjI bwgIAW nUM pkVn leI lVweI AwrMBid`qI[ ies pkV DkV iv`c jo &OjI ijauNdy h`Q Awey aunHW 'coN 38 nUMqW cOrwhy iv`c KVHw krky lokW swmHxy golIAW nwl aufw id`qw, do nUMPWsI dw hukm hoieAw[ du`K dI g`l Ajy q`k Bwrq srkwr ny ienHWkurbwn hox vwly gdrIAW bwry nw hI jwixAw hY Aqy nw hI jwxn jWpCwxn dI koeI koiSS kIqI hY[ jnrl fwier ny AwpxI jIvngwQw iv`c ies bgwvq nUM gdr AMdoln dw ie`k ih`sw iliKAw hY[

iesy qrHW isMGwpur ivc blocW dI 130 rjmYNt vI bwgI ho geIsI[ ienHW ny vI iek AMgryz A&sr mwr idqw sI Aqy Awpxy lVwkUsmuMdrI jhwz nUM kMFy qy ilAwaux qoN nWh kr idqI sI[ auprMq vfIigxqI ivc pulIs dI shwieqw nwl ienHW nUM rMgUn iljwieAw igAw[ieM\ 16 jnvrI 1915 nUM pkV ky qkrIbn 200 &OjIAW nUM kort-mwrSl dI szw idqI geI, 4 PWsI ltkwey Aqy 69 nUM aumr kYd hoeI[

fwktr Abdulw ny ierwn Aqy mYsoptwmIAW q`k gdr dwswihq phuMcwieAw[ AmIr KW 24 pMjwbI rjmYNt, rihmq AlIvjIdky Aqy mOlvI brkqulw vI jylH dIAW slwKW AMdr gdr lihrdI m`dd kwrn f`ky gey[ Bwv muslmwn &OjIAW 'qy gdrIAW dIgdr lihr iv`c v`fI kurbwnI hY[

(94) (95)

kwly pwxI dI jylHbrqwnvI srkwr ny AwzwdI GulwtIAW leI AMfymwn inkobwr

iv`c kwly pwxI nwl jwxI jWdI jylH dI cox kIqI[ Asl iv`c iehjylH bMdy inglx vwlI sI[ ies jylH 'c su`itAw bMdw bc ky G`t hIAwauNdw sI[ &WsI 'qy ltkwieAw bMdw qW imMtW sikMtW 'c dm qoVjWdw hY pr kwly pwxI dI jylH qW mwno bMdy nUM koh koh ky mwrn vwlIsI[ ieh jgHw smuMdr lwgy hox kr ky m`CrW dI wn sI Aqy mlyrIeydw Gr sI[ ies qoN ielwvw hYzw, qpidk Awid rog Awm hI lgdysn ikauNik kYdIAW nUM pIx Aqy hor vrqoN leI smuMdr dw KwrwpwxI id`qw jWdw sI ijs nwl aunHW nUM dsq l`g jWdy sn[ ijskoTVI iv`c ie`k bMdw rih skdw sI au~Qy 10 qoN vI v`D bMdy qwVy jWdysn[ Kwx leI kyvl cOl Aqy auh vI G`t mwqRw iv`c imldy sn[ sBkYdIAW dy pYrW 'c byVIAW Aqy h`QW 'c h`QkVIAW lweIAW jWdIAWsn[ mwVI motI glqI hox 'qy korVy mwry jWdy sn jW DrqI 'qy su`tky GVIisAw jWdw sI[ ies jylH dy 7 ivMg sn[ ie`k ivMg dy bMdy dUjynUM dyK nhIN sn skdy[ auprMq jpwnI hmly kwrn 4 ivMg Fih geysn pr iqMn Ajy vI mOjUd hn[

jylH dw drogw imstr bYrI Awpxy Awp nUM dUjw r`b mMndw sI[kYdIAW nUM gwlW k`FxIAW, icVwauxw, Tu`fy mwrny Aqy aunHW au~prQu`kxw auh Awpxw suBwA smJdw sI Aqy g`l krn dI QW Syr dIqrHW Kwx nUM pYNdw sI[ auh ieqnw p`Qr idl sI ik A`Dy moey bMdy dyvI korVy mrvwauNdw sI, aus nUM ielwj leI iljwxw bhuq dUr dI g`lsI[ srkwrI irport Anuswr jylH AMdr ku`t mwr Aqy qsIihAW dyfr kwrn Awm hwlqW nwloN cwr guxW v`D kYdI imrgI dy mrIz Aqypwglpx dI hwlq iv`c sn[ jylH iv`c mrn vwilAW 'coN 77 pRqISqqpidk (T.B.) dy mrIz sn[ jylH AMdr ku`t-mwr krn kwrn mrnvwly muKI srdwr Bwn isMG, pMifq r`Kw m`l, srdwr rulIAw isMG ,srdwr nMd isMG, srdwr kyhr isMG, srdwr bu`D isMG Aqy srdwrrofw isMG Awid sn[ BweI prmwnMd, BweI sohx isMG Bknw AqyBweI kwnH isMG Awid kuJ hI krmW dy blI hox kwrn bc ky Awey[goirAW dI srkwr v`loN krVIAW qoN krVIAW szwvW ies kr kyid`qIAW jw rhIAW sn qW ik ienHW nUM sux ky jW dyK ky koeI vI

BwrqI AwzwdI bwry nw socy[ sMswr AMdr hr rwjy jW srkwr dwmu`K audyS Awpxy rwj Bwg nUM sdw leI kwiem r`Kx dw huMdw hY[ prauh kudrq dy AsUl 'Nothing is static in Nature' (Bwv kudrqAMdr koeI vI cIz KVoq iv`c nhIN hY Aqy nw hI siQr hY[ kIDrqI, kI cMdrmw, kI sUrj, kI gRih Awid sB GuMmx GyrIAW iv`chn[ D`ky nwl s`c nUM dbwieAw nhIN jw skdw[ smW pw ky JUT qmho jWdw hY Aqy s`c hmySw leI roSn munwry dI qrHW cmkdw hY[ A`jauh brqwnvI srkwr ijnHW dy rwj AMdr sUrj nhIN sI iCpdw (Bwvswry sMswr 'qy aunHW dw rwj sI ie`k Coty ijhy jMjIry 'qy bYTy hn)[ShIdIAW dyx vwilAW, kurbwnIAW krn vwilAW Aqy jylH bMdIAW dygux gwien kIqy jw rhy hn Aqy zwlmW nUM iPtkwrW pYNdIAW hn[

lwhOr dI kyNdrI jylH AMdr &WsI dw qKqwkyNdrI jylH lwhOr AMdr siQq lkVI Aqy rsy dy swDwrn ijhy

cugwTy ny pqw nhIN ikqnIAW ku kImqI jwnW Awpxy klwvy ivc lYleIAW hn[ ies cugwTy 'qy ltk rhy risAW nUM krqwr isMG srwBw,Bgq isMG, rwj gurU, suKdyv Aqy bbr AkwlIAW ny hs hs kycuMimAW Aqy Awpxy gly 'c puAw ky ShwdqW idqIAW[ kOm dy hIirAWny hIry bx ky ijaux nwloN PWsI dy q^qy nUM qrjIh idqI qW ik gulwmIdIAW zMjIrW tut skx Aqy kOm AwzwdI dw q^q mwxy[ jo vIivAkqI dyS, kOm jW Drm leI AwpxI izMdgI vwrdw hY smJo aus nyjIvn dy sB lwlc, vwSnwvW Aqy ieCwvW iqAwg idqIAW hn[ prieh kMm sB qoN kiTn hY Aqy koeI koeI mhwn rUh rbI b^iSS sdkwhI kr skdI hY[ BweI gurdws jI ny vI AMkq kIqw hY ik ShId dwruqbw pRwpq krnw glW bwqW dI Kyf nhIN hY[ ies leI sB qoN pihlWsrIr dw moh, sMswr dIAW KwhSW qy AwsW iqAwgxIAW pYNdIAW hnArQwq mOq kbUlxI pYNdI hY[ aunHW ShId dy cwr muK gux vrnx kIqyhn Bwv sc dI wqr ShId hox vwly AMdr sMqoK huMdw hY, auh isdkIhuMdw hY, Brm Aqy BYA qoN rihq huMdw hY[

murdw hoie murId n glI hovxw[swbr isdk ShIdu Brm Bau Kovxw[ vwr 3 pEVI 18

(96) (97)

kwly pwxI dI jylHbrqwnvI srkwr ny AwzwdI GulwtIAW leI AMfymwn inkobwr

iv`c kwly pwxI nwl jwxI jWdI jylH dI cox kIqI[ Asl iv`c iehjylH bMdy inglx vwlI sI[ ies jylH 'c su`itAw bMdw bc ky G`t hIAwauNdw sI[ &WsI 'qy ltkwieAw bMdw qW imMtW sikMtW 'c dm qoVjWdw hY pr kwly pwxI dI jylH qW mwno bMdy nUM koh koh ky mwrn vwlIsI[ ieh jgHw smuMdr lwgy hox kr ky m`CrW dI wn sI Aqy mlyrIeydw Gr sI[ ies qoN ielwvw hYzw, qpidk Awid rog Awm hI lgdysn ikauNik kYdIAW nUM pIx Aqy hor vrqoN leI smuMdr dw KwrwpwxI id`qw jWdw sI ijs nwl aunHW nUM dsq l`g jWdy sn[ ijskoTVI iv`c ie`k bMdw rih skdw sI au~Qy 10 qoN vI v`D bMdy qwVy jWdysn[ Kwx leI kyvl cOl Aqy auh vI G`t mwqRw iv`c imldy sn[ sBkYdIAW dy pYrW 'c byVIAW Aqy h`QW 'c h`QkVIAW lweIAW jWdIAWsn[ mwVI motI glqI hox 'qy korVy mwry jWdy sn jW DrqI 'qy su`tky GVIisAw jWdw sI[ ies jylH dy 7 ivMg sn[ ie`k ivMg dy bMdy dUjynUM dyK nhIN sn skdy[ auprMq jpwnI hmly kwrn 4 ivMg Fih geysn pr iqMn Ajy vI mOjUd hn[

jylH dw drogw imstr bYrI Awpxy Awp nUM dUjw r`b mMndw sI[kYdIAW nUM gwlW k`FxIAW, icVwauxw, Tu`fy mwrny Aqy aunHW au~prQu`kxw auh Awpxw suBwA smJdw sI Aqy g`l krn dI QW Syr dIqrHW Kwx nUM pYNdw sI[ auh ieqnw p`Qr idl sI ik A`Dy moey bMdy dyvI korVy mrvwauNdw sI, aus nUM ielwj leI iljwxw bhuq dUr dI g`lsI[ srkwrI irport Anuswr jylH AMdr ku`t mwr Aqy qsIihAW dyfr kwrn Awm hwlqW nwloN cwr guxW v`D kYdI imrgI dy mrIz Aqypwglpx dI hwlq iv`c sn[ jylH iv`c mrn vwilAW 'coN 77 pRqISqqpidk (T.B.) dy mrIz sn[ jylH AMdr ku`t-mwr krn kwrn mrnvwly muKI srdwr Bwn isMG, pMifq r`Kw m`l, srdwr rulIAw isMG ,srdwr nMd isMG, srdwr kyhr isMG, srdwr bu`D isMG Aqy srdwrrofw isMG Awid sn[ BweI prmwnMd, BweI sohx isMG Bknw AqyBweI kwnH isMG Awid kuJ hI krmW dy blI hox kwrn bc ky Awey[goirAW dI srkwr v`loN krVIAW qoN krVIAW szwvW ies kr kyid`qIAW jw rhIAW sn qW ik ienHW nUM sux ky jW dyK ky koeI vI

BwrqI AwzwdI bwry nw socy[ sMswr AMdr hr rwjy jW srkwr dwmu`K audyS Awpxy rwj Bwg nUM sdw leI kwiem r`Kx dw huMdw hY[ prauh kudrq dy AsUl 'Nothing is static in Nature' (Bwv kudrqAMdr koeI vI cIz KVoq iv`c nhIN hY Aqy nw hI siQr hY[ kIDrqI, kI cMdrmw, kI sUrj, kI gRih Awid sB GuMmx GyrIAW iv`chn[ D`ky nwl s`c nUM dbwieAw nhIN jw skdw[ smW pw ky JUT qmho jWdw hY Aqy s`c hmySw leI roSn munwry dI qrHW cmkdw hY[ A`jauh brqwnvI srkwr ijnHW dy rwj AMdr sUrj nhIN sI iCpdw (Bwvswry sMswr 'qy aunHW dw rwj sI ie`k Coty ijhy jMjIry 'qy bYTy hn)[ShIdIAW dyx vwilAW, kurbwnIAW krn vwilAW Aqy jylH bMdIAW dygux gwien kIqy jw rhy hn Aqy zwlmW nUM iPtkwrW pYNdIAW hn[

lwhOr dI kyNdrI jylH AMdr &WsI dw qKqwkyNdrI jylH lwhOr AMdr siQq lkVI Aqy rsy dy swDwrn ijhy

cugwTy ny pqw nhIN ikqnIAW ku kImqI jwnW Awpxy klwvy ivc lYleIAW hn[ ies cugwTy 'qy ltk rhy risAW nUM krqwr isMG srwBw,Bgq isMG, rwj gurU, suKdyv Aqy bbr AkwlIAW ny hs hs kycuMimAW Aqy Awpxy gly 'c puAw ky ShwdqW idqIAW[ kOm dy hIirAWny hIry bx ky ijaux nwloN PWsI dy q^qy nUM qrjIh idqI qW ik gulwmIdIAW zMjIrW tut skx Aqy kOm AwzwdI dw q^q mwxy[ jo vIivAkqI dyS, kOm jW Drm leI AwpxI izMdgI vwrdw hY smJo aus nyjIvn dy sB lwlc, vwSnwvW Aqy ieCwvW iqAwg idqIAW hn[ prieh kMm sB qoN kiTn hY Aqy koeI koeI mhwn rUh rbI b^iSS sdkwhI kr skdI hY[ BweI gurdws jI ny vI AMkq kIqw hY ik ShId dwruqbw pRwpq krnw glW bwqW dI Kyf nhIN hY[ ies leI sB qoN pihlWsrIr dw moh, sMswr dIAW KwhSW qy AwsW iqAwgxIAW pYNdIAW hnArQwq mOq kbUlxI pYNdI hY[ aunHW ShId dy cwr muK gux vrnx kIqyhn Bwv sc dI wqr ShId hox vwly AMdr sMqoK huMdw hY, auh isdkIhuMdw hY, Brm Aqy BYA qoN rihq huMdw hY[

murdw hoie murId n glI hovxw[swbr isdk ShIdu Brm Bau Kovxw[ vwr 3 pEVI 18

(96) (97)

ShId hmySw leI Amr ho jWdw hY[ s`c dI ^wqr mr imtxwsB qoN mhwn kwrnwmw hY[ aus dI mOq dI brwbrI hor koeI mOq nhINkr skdI, ijvyN kvI dy bol hn:

ShId kI jo mOq hY, vo mOq BI hXwq hY[hXwq qo hXwq hY, vw mOq BI hXwq hY[ShId dw KUn kdy AzWeI nhIN jWdw[ ieh KUn ienklwb nUM

jnm hI nhIN idMdw sgoN ienklwb nUM cwr cMn lwauNdw hY Aqy im`QytIcy pUrw kr idMdw hY[ Shwdq AiqAwcwr ivru`D s`iqAwcwr dw nWhY[ ieh s`iqAwcwr inrBYqw, inrvYrqw, inCwvrqw, inAW Aqyinrbwn pd dw pRqIk hY[ hor qW hor ShIdI vwlI jgHw 'qy prjwnqmsqk huMdI hY, aus dy gux gwauNdI hY Aqy Awaux vwly smyN AMdrkOm dIAW sm`isAwvW nUM h`l krn dI syD idMdI hY[ ies qoN ielwvwieh bMdy nUM Awpxy h`k, iensw& Aqy brwbrqw dI pRwpqI bwry vIpRyrnw idMdI hY[

ies gdr lihr ny hI nwmDwrI lihr, b`br AkwlI lihr,gurduAwirAW nUM Awzwd krwaux dI lihr Awid nUM jnm id`qw[ienHW lihrW ny Bwrq AMdr brqwnvI srkwr dw jdoN n`k 'c dmkr id`qw qW auh Bwrq C`fx leI mzbUr hoey[ A&sos dI g`lAwzwdI imlx auprMq dyS AMdr gdr lihr dy ShIdW nUM A`qvwdIgrdwn ky Awpxy Awp nUM s`qvwdI khwaux vwly rwj s`qw 'qy kwbzho gey[ crKVIAW jW &WsI dy q^iqAW 'qy cVHn vwilAW nUM pwsy krky crKy k`qx vwilAW dy sohly gwaux l`gy Aqy gw rhy hn[ s`qvwdIkhwaux vwilAW dy h`QW 'c AYsI AwzwdI AweI hY ik dyS AMdr hrjgHw 'qy irSvqKorI, kunbwprvrI, lut-Ksut Aqy mwrDwV dw bolbwlwhY[ dyS dI AwzwdI leI KUn folHx vwilAW dIAW &otoAW KwssrkwrI iemwrqW iv`c lwaux qoN vI rwj s`qw vwly guryj kr rhyhn[ kYnyfw iv`c Cpdy AKbwr Anuswr ShId krqwr isMG srwBwdI Poto pihlI vwr AmrIkw ivc jUn mhIny sMn 2013 nUM snPrWisskoAMdr BwrqI kOslKwny dy d&qr 'c au~QoN dy is`KW v`loN jor pwaux 'qylgweI geI[

gdr lihr dy hor nwmI hIrygdr lihr dw mu`F kYnyfw Aqy AmrIkw 'c b`iJAw[ ienHW

hIirAW ny Awpxw qn, mn Aqy Dn Arpx kr ky dyS dI AwzwdIleI BwrqIAW dy mnW AMdr AYsI imswl bwlI jo ibjlI dy krMtvWg PYl geI[ ienHW hIirAW iv`c bwbw sohx isMG Bknw, srdwrkrqwr isMG srwBw Awid qoN ibnW jo pihlW lyK iv`c AMikq kIqygey hn hor vI Swiml sn[

bMgwl dy qrk nwQ dws (1884-1958) ny gdr lihr nUM qyzkrn leI bVy hI auqSwh nwl AnUTw joS BirAw[ ienHW AnUiSlwsMmqI (Organisation Supporting an Armed Rabellion) – sMsQw johiQAwrbMd bgwvq dy p`KI sI) iv`c Swml ho ky bVI hI lgn nwlkMm kIqw[ ies sMsQw dw mu`K mMqv PrMgI nUM Bwrq iv`coN Bjwauxw sIqWik dyS vwsI Awzwd ho skx[ ies ny jpwn, kYnyfw Aqy AmrIkwiv`c gdr lihr dw JMfw bulMd kIqw[ brqwnvI srkwr ny iesdIAW grm idl kwrvweIAW dyK ies nUM jpwn coN kFvw id`qw ijskwrn ieh Awzwd dyS AmrIkw 'c cilAw igAw[ AmrIkw phuMcky brkly XUnIvristI iv`c ies ny gdr lihr dw pRcwr kIqw[ies ny ie`k ibAwn iv`c AwiKAw, “is`KW dI shwieqw vgYr gdrlihr kwmXwb nhIN ho skdI?” ies lihr nUM h`lwSyrI dyx leIieh kYnyfw jw ky is`K lIfrW nUM imilAw[ kYnyfw iv`c rihMidAWqrk nwQ ny 'Free India' (Awzwd Bwrq) nwmI A^bwr AMgryzI iv`cpRkwSq kIqw[ pr kuJ kwrxW kr ky ies nUM muV AmrIkw jwxwipAw[ brqwnvI srkwr dy AmrIkw 'qy dbwA kwrn ik qrk nwQKwVkU kwrvweIAW kr irhw hY, 22 mhIny jylH 'c bMdI irhw[A&sos ik auh kOmI sUrw 1945 iv`c idl dy dOry kwrn c`l visAw[

qrk nwQ dI pRyrnw sihq rws ibhwrI bos, jo XUnIvristI dwividAwrQI sI, ny gdr lihr dI kmWf h`Q 'c lY geI[ ies nysuBwS cMdr bos dI kmwn hyT (India National Army) Awzwd ihMd&Oj dI sQwpnw kIqI[ ieh jrmn dy ku`l muKiqAwr Swsk jnrlihtlr nUM vI imilAw qW ik Bwrq 'coN brqwnvIN srkwr nUM iml kyBWj id`qI jw sky[

(98) (99)

ShId hmySw leI Amr ho jWdw hY[ s`c dI ^wqr mr imtxwsB qoN mhwn kwrnwmw hY[ aus dI mOq dI brwbrI hor koeI mOq nhINkr skdI, ijvyN kvI dy bol hn:

ShId kI jo mOq hY, vo mOq BI hXwq hY[hXwq qo hXwq hY, vw mOq BI hXwq hY[ShId dw KUn kdy AzWeI nhIN jWdw[ ieh KUn ienklwb nUM

jnm hI nhIN idMdw sgoN ienklwb nUM cwr cMn lwauNdw hY Aqy im`QytIcy pUrw kr idMdw hY[ Shwdq AiqAwcwr ivru`D s`iqAwcwr dw nWhY[ ieh s`iqAwcwr inrBYqw, inrvYrqw, inCwvrqw, inAW Aqyinrbwn pd dw pRqIk hY[ hor qW hor ShIdI vwlI jgHw 'qy prjwnqmsqk huMdI hY, aus dy gux gwauNdI hY Aqy Awaux vwly smyN AMdrkOm dIAW sm`isAwvW nUM h`l krn dI syD idMdI hY[ ies qoN ielwvwieh bMdy nUM Awpxy h`k, iensw& Aqy brwbrqw dI pRwpqI bwry vIpRyrnw idMdI hY[

ies gdr lihr ny hI nwmDwrI lihr, b`br AkwlI lihr,gurduAwirAW nUM Awzwd krwaux dI lihr Awid nUM jnm id`qw[ienHW lihrW ny Bwrq AMdr brqwnvI srkwr dw jdoN n`k 'c dmkr id`qw qW auh Bwrq C`fx leI mzbUr hoey[ A&sos dI g`lAwzwdI imlx auprMq dyS AMdr gdr lihr dy ShIdW nUM A`qvwdIgrdwn ky Awpxy Awp nUM s`qvwdI khwaux vwly rwj s`qw 'qy kwbzho gey[ crKVIAW jW &WsI dy q^iqAW 'qy cVHn vwilAW nUM pwsy krky crKy k`qx vwilAW dy sohly gwaux l`gy Aqy gw rhy hn[ s`qvwdIkhwaux vwilAW dy h`QW 'c AYsI AwzwdI AweI hY ik dyS AMdr hrjgHw 'qy irSvqKorI, kunbwprvrI, lut-Ksut Aqy mwrDwV dw bolbwlwhY[ dyS dI AwzwdI leI KUn folHx vwilAW dIAW &otoAW KwssrkwrI iemwrqW iv`c lwaux qoN vI rwj s`qw vwly guryj kr rhyhn[ kYnyfw iv`c Cpdy AKbwr Anuswr ShId krqwr isMG srwBwdI Poto pihlI vwr AmrIkw ivc jUn mhIny sMn 2013 nUM snPrWisskoAMdr BwrqI kOslKwny dy d&qr 'c au~QoN dy is`KW v`loN jor pwaux 'qylgweI geI[

gdr lihr dy hor nwmI hIrygdr lihr dw mu`F kYnyfw Aqy AmrIkw 'c b`iJAw[ ienHW

hIirAW ny Awpxw qn, mn Aqy Dn Arpx kr ky dyS dI AwzwdIleI BwrqIAW dy mnW AMdr AYsI imswl bwlI jo ibjlI dy krMtvWg PYl geI[ ienHW hIirAW iv`c bwbw sohx isMG Bknw, srdwrkrqwr isMG srwBw Awid qoN ibnW jo pihlW lyK iv`c AMikq kIqygey hn hor vI Swiml sn[

bMgwl dy qrk nwQ dws (1884-1958) ny gdr lihr nUM qyzkrn leI bVy hI auqSwh nwl AnUTw joS BirAw[ ienHW AnUiSlwsMmqI (Organisation Supporting an Armed Rabellion) – sMsQw johiQAwrbMd bgwvq dy p`KI sI) iv`c Swml ho ky bVI hI lgn nwlkMm kIqw[ ies sMsQw dw mu`K mMqv PrMgI nUM Bwrq iv`coN Bjwauxw sIqWik dyS vwsI Awzwd ho skx[ ies ny jpwn, kYnyfw Aqy AmrIkwiv`c gdr lihr dw JMfw bulMd kIqw[ brqwnvI srkwr ny iesdIAW grm idl kwrvweIAW dyK ies nUM jpwn coN kFvw id`qw ijskwrn ieh Awzwd dyS AmrIkw 'c cilAw igAw[ AmrIkw phuMcky brkly XUnIvristI iv`c ies ny gdr lihr dw pRcwr kIqw[ies ny ie`k ibAwn iv`c AwiKAw, “is`KW dI shwieqw vgYr gdrlihr kwmXwb nhIN ho skdI?” ies lihr nUM h`lwSyrI dyx leIieh kYnyfw jw ky is`K lIfrW nUM imilAw[ kYnyfw iv`c rihMidAWqrk nwQ ny 'Free India' (Awzwd Bwrq) nwmI A^bwr AMgryzI iv`cpRkwSq kIqw[ pr kuJ kwrxW kr ky ies nUM muV AmrIkw jwxwipAw[ brqwnvI srkwr dy AmrIkw 'qy dbwA kwrn ik qrk nwQKwVkU kwrvweIAW kr irhw hY, 22 mhIny jylH 'c bMdI irhw[A&sos ik auh kOmI sUrw 1945 iv`c idl dy dOry kwrn c`l visAw[

qrk nwQ dI pRyrnw sihq rws ibhwrI bos, jo XUnIvristI dwividAwrQI sI, ny gdr lihr dI kmWf h`Q 'c lY geI[ ies nysuBwS cMdr bos dI kmwn hyT (India National Army) Awzwd ihMd&Oj dI sQwpnw kIqI[ ieh jrmn dy ku`l muKiqAwr Swsk jnrlihtlr nUM vI imilAw qW ik Bwrq 'coN brqwnvIN srkwr nUM iml kyBWj id`qI jw sky[

(98) (99)

ie`k hor kOmI hIrw sicMdr nwQ sinAwl gdr lihr iv`ccmikAw[ ieh BweI krqwr isMG srwBw Aqy ipMgly dw lMgotIAwXwr sI[ ies ny pMjwb dy dyS BgqW nwl iml ky AMgryzI AKbwr'Revolutionary' (kRWqIkwrI) pRkwSq kIqw Aqy aus iv`c 'YoungIndia' (nOjuAwn Bwrq) dy isrlyK hyT ie`k lMbI bihs iv`c mhwqmwgWDI v`loN clwey jw rhy m`Ty AMdoln 'qy svwl auTwey[ sRI sicMdrnwQ ny, sRI cMdr SyKr Awzwd nUM AMdoln 'c Bwg lYx leI pRyirAw[ShIdy-Awzm srdwr Bgq isMG dw jotIdwr hox kr ky kkorI dyvwikAw ip`CoN pkV ky ies nUM srkwr ny AMfymwn dI jylH 'c bMMdI bxwid`qw[ jylH 'c bYT ky ies ny 'bMdI jIvn' (A life of Capitivity)sMbMDI ikqwb rcI jo kuJ smyN ip`CoN gdrIAW leI iek SkqI rUpIimSwl bx geI[ AMfymwn jylH 'c qpidk dw rog l`gx kr kygorKpur dI jylH iv`c qbdIl hox ip`CoN au~Qy hI idhWq ho igAw[

ivSnUM gnyS ipMgly ie`k qkVw AwzwdI GulwtIAw sI[ ies dwjnm pUny ivKy hoieAw[ ieh AmrIkw pVHn igAw Aqy pVHweI dOrwnkrqwr isMG srwBw Aqy srdwr Bgq isMG dy nyVy ho igAw[ gdrpwrtI dw mYNbr bxn kr ky jdoN ieh cIn rwhIN Bwrq vwpspriqAw qW cIn dy ienklwbI XoDy sYnUAn qsyn nUM iml ky aus dInsIhq hwsl kIqI[ Bwrq phuMc ky ieh keI jwlHI nwvW iv`civcirAw Aqy &OjI jvwnW nUM gdr lihr iv`c Swml hox leIpRyirAw[ ies nUM krqwr isMG srwBw ny jdoN ieh bnwrs iv`cluikAw hoieAw sI, rws ibhwrI bos nwl imlw ky pMjwb dy 8 hzwris`KW, jo kYnyfw Aqy AmrIkw qoN Awey sn nUM gdr 'c jQybMd krnleI AwiKAw[ ies ny gdrIAW nUM bMb bnwauxy isKwey[ pr 23mwrc 1915 nUM bMbW dy zKIry smyq pkiVAw igAw[ ijs qrHW dy bMbieh iqAwr krvwauNdw sI aus qrHW dw bMb lwrf hwrifMg 'qysu`itAw igAw sI[ lwrf hwrifMg au~pr bMb su`tx dy kys iv`c Pswky ies nUM 16 nvMbr 1915 nUM &WsI 'qy ltkwieAw igAw[

mhwrwStr dw jMmpl pMdrWg KwnKojy jdoN AmrIkw iv`cpVHweI kr irhw sI qW ies dw myl sohx isMG Bknw Aqy pMifqkWSI rwm nwl ho igAw[ ieh vI gdr pwrtI dy moFI mYNbrW 'cSwml sI Aqy ies ny hI bwbw Bknw dw nW pwrtI dI pRDwngI leI

is&wrS kIqw sI[ ieh smwjvwdI ivcwrW vwlw ienswn sI AqyBwrq AMdr iensw&, brwbrI Aqy AwzwdI dyKxI cwhuMdw sI[ v`Kv`K dySW 'c jw ky ies ny brqwnvIN srkwr dI lu`t-Ksu`t nIqI bwryBwrqIAW nUM sMdyS phuMcwieAw ijs kwrn ieh srkwr dIAW A`KW 'ccuBdw sI[ mYksIko jw ky KyqIbwVI dI iv`idAw hwsl kIqI Aqy au~QyhrI kRWqI ilAwaux dw msIhw bixAw[ iPr 1958 iv`c AwzwdIauprMq jdoN Bwrq AwieAw qW ies ny id`lI iv`c dyS Bgq mYmorIAlsMbMDI hox vwlI mIitMg iv`c bwbw Bknw, BuipMdr nwQ d`qw Awidnwl ih`sw ilAw[ mYksIko iv`c pMdrWg ny ivAwh krvw ilAw sIAqy au~Qy KyqIbwVI dy ivSy au~pr Koj kridAW kw&I smW ibqwieAw[

dyS Bgq Xwdgwr hwl, jlMDrijhVy dyS Bgq kudrqI kwly pwxI dI jylH coN imQI jylH Bugq

ky jwnW bcw ky Aw gey aunHW dyS BgqW ie`k shwiek kmytI bxweIijs dw mu`K mMqv gdrIAW dy pirvwrW dI shwieqw krnw sI[ BweIivswKw isMG ies kmytI dy muKI sn Aqy aunHW dyS BgqW dy pirvwrWleI coKw Dn iek`Tw kIqw Aqy Awp vI v`fI syvw kIqI[ dyS dIAwzwdI Bwv 1947 auprMq ienHW kmytI dw nW bdl ky 'dyS BgqXwdgwr kmytI ' r`K ilAw[ bwbw sohx isMG Bknw gdr pwrtI dymoFI pRDwn ies kmytI dy pRDwn cuxy gey[

gdr pwrtI dI Xwd nUM mu`K r`K ky 1955 iv`c jlMDr ivKyjrnYlI sVk 'qy 3 eykV jgHw dyS Bgq Xwdgwr hwl bnwaux leIKRIdI geI[ Xwdgwr kmytI dy mYNbrW ny 14 dsMbr 1947 nUM BweIAmr isMG sMDvW, BweI Bwg isMG jY isMG vwlw (&Irozpur) nwl imlky Dn ie`kqr kIqw[ sMn 1958 iv`c BweI gurmuK isMG llqoN, BweIkrm isMG cImw, BweI bUJw isMG Aqy BweI Bolw isMG cImw nUMieMglYNf Aqy kYnyfw PMf iek`Tw krn leI ByijAw[ pMjwbIAW ny idlKolH ky ies kMm leI Dn id`qw[ 17 nvMbr 1959 nUM BweI AmrisMG sMDvW ny hwl dw nINh p`Qr r`iKAw[

A`j hwl 'qy iqrMgw JMfw ijs iv`c do ikrpwnW idKweI idMdIAWhn JUl irhw hY[ ieh hwl gdrI sUrimAW dI AgWhvDU, mnu`KIBweIcwry, inAWpUrn, smwijk Aqy lokqMqr soc dI jwgdI imSwl

(100) (101)

ie`k hor kOmI hIrw sicMdr nwQ sinAwl gdr lihr iv`ccmikAw[ ieh BweI krqwr isMG srwBw Aqy ipMgly dw lMgotIAwXwr sI[ ies ny pMjwb dy dyS BgqW nwl iml ky AMgryzI AKbwr'Revolutionary' (kRWqIkwrI) pRkwSq kIqw Aqy aus iv`c 'YoungIndia' (nOjuAwn Bwrq) dy isrlyK hyT ie`k lMbI bihs iv`c mhwqmwgWDI v`loN clwey jw rhy m`Ty AMdoln 'qy svwl auTwey[ sRI sicMdrnwQ ny, sRI cMdr SyKr Awzwd nUM AMdoln 'c Bwg lYx leI pRyirAw[ShIdy-Awzm srdwr Bgq isMG dw jotIdwr hox kr ky kkorI dyvwikAw ip`CoN pkV ky ies nUM srkwr ny AMfymwn dI jylH 'c bMMdI bxwid`qw[ jylH 'c bYT ky ies ny 'bMdI jIvn' (A life of Capitivity)sMbMDI ikqwb rcI jo kuJ smyN ip`CoN gdrIAW leI iek SkqI rUpIimSwl bx geI[ AMfymwn jylH 'c qpidk dw rog l`gx kr kygorKpur dI jylH iv`c qbdIl hox ip`CoN au~Qy hI idhWq ho igAw[

ivSnUM gnyS ipMgly ie`k qkVw AwzwdI GulwtIAw sI[ ies dwjnm pUny ivKy hoieAw[ ieh AmrIkw pVHn igAw Aqy pVHweI dOrwnkrqwr isMG srwBw Aqy srdwr Bgq isMG dy nyVy ho igAw[ gdrpwrtI dw mYNbr bxn kr ky jdoN ieh cIn rwhIN Bwrq vwpspriqAw qW cIn dy ienklwbI XoDy sYnUAn qsyn nUM iml ky aus dInsIhq hwsl kIqI[ Bwrq phuMc ky ieh keI jwlHI nwvW iv`civcirAw Aqy &OjI jvwnW nUM gdr lihr iv`c Swml hox leIpRyirAw[ ies nUM krqwr isMG srwBw ny jdoN ieh bnwrs iv`cluikAw hoieAw sI, rws ibhwrI bos nwl imlw ky pMjwb dy 8 hzwris`KW, jo kYnyfw Aqy AmrIkw qoN Awey sn nUM gdr 'c jQybMd krnleI AwiKAw[ ies ny gdrIAW nUM bMb bnwauxy isKwey[ pr 23mwrc 1915 nUM bMbW dy zKIry smyq pkiVAw igAw[ ijs qrHW dy bMbieh iqAwr krvwauNdw sI aus qrHW dw bMb lwrf hwrifMg 'qysu`itAw igAw sI[ lwrf hwrifMg au~pr bMb su`tx dy kys iv`c Pswky ies nUM 16 nvMbr 1915 nUM &WsI 'qy ltkwieAw igAw[

mhwrwStr dw jMmpl pMdrWg KwnKojy jdoN AmrIkw iv`cpVHweI kr irhw sI qW ies dw myl sohx isMG Bknw Aqy pMifqkWSI rwm nwl ho igAw[ ieh vI gdr pwrtI dy moFI mYNbrW 'cSwml sI Aqy ies ny hI bwbw Bknw dw nW pwrtI dI pRDwngI leI

is&wrS kIqw sI[ ieh smwjvwdI ivcwrW vwlw ienswn sI AqyBwrq AMdr iensw&, brwbrI Aqy AwzwdI dyKxI cwhuMdw sI[ v`Kv`K dySW 'c jw ky ies ny brqwnvIN srkwr dI lu`t-Ksu`t nIqI bwryBwrqIAW nUM sMdyS phuMcwieAw ijs kwrn ieh srkwr dIAW A`KW 'ccuBdw sI[ mYksIko jw ky KyqIbwVI dI iv`idAw hwsl kIqI Aqy au~QyhrI kRWqI ilAwaux dw msIhw bixAw[ iPr 1958 iv`c AwzwdIauprMq jdoN Bwrq AwieAw qW ies ny id`lI iv`c dyS Bgq mYmorIAlsMbMDI hox vwlI mIitMg iv`c bwbw Bknw, BuipMdr nwQ d`qw Awidnwl ih`sw ilAw[ mYksIko iv`c pMdrWg ny ivAwh krvw ilAw sIAqy au~Qy KyqIbwVI dy ivSy au~pr Koj kridAW kw&I smW ibqwieAw[

dyS Bgq Xwdgwr hwl, jlMDrijhVy dyS Bgq kudrqI kwly pwxI dI jylH coN imQI jylH Bugq

ky jwnW bcw ky Aw gey aunHW dyS BgqW ie`k shwiek kmytI bxweIijs dw mu`K mMqv gdrIAW dy pirvwrW dI shwieqw krnw sI[ BweIivswKw isMG ies kmytI dy muKI sn Aqy aunHW dyS BgqW dy pirvwrWleI coKw Dn iek`Tw kIqw Aqy Awp vI v`fI syvw kIqI[ dyS dIAwzwdI Bwv 1947 auprMq ienHW kmytI dw nW bdl ky 'dyS BgqXwdgwr kmytI ' r`K ilAw[ bwbw sohx isMG Bknw gdr pwrtI dymoFI pRDwn ies kmytI dy pRDwn cuxy gey[

gdr pwrtI dI Xwd nUM mu`K r`K ky 1955 iv`c jlMDr ivKyjrnYlI sVk 'qy 3 eykV jgHw dyS Bgq Xwdgwr hwl bnwaux leIKRIdI geI[ Xwdgwr kmytI dy mYNbrW ny 14 dsMbr 1947 nUM BweIAmr isMG sMDvW, BweI Bwg isMG jY isMG vwlw (&Irozpur) nwl imlky Dn ie`kqr kIqw[ sMn 1958 iv`c BweI gurmuK isMG llqoN, BweIkrm isMG cImw, BweI bUJw isMG Aqy BweI Bolw isMG cImw nUMieMglYNf Aqy kYnyfw PMf iek`Tw krn leI ByijAw[ pMjwbIAW ny idlKolH ky ies kMm leI Dn id`qw[ 17 nvMbr 1959 nUM BweI AmrisMG sMDvW ny hwl dw nINh p`Qr r`iKAw[

A`j hwl 'qy iqrMgw JMfw ijs iv`c do ikrpwnW idKweI idMdIAWhn JUl irhw hY[ ieh hwl gdrI sUrimAW dI AgWhvDU, mnu`KIBweIcwry, inAWpUrn, smwijk Aqy lokqMqr soc dI jwgdI imSwl

(100) (101)

hY[ ies XwdgwrI hwl dI kmytI hr swl gdrIAW dI Xwd iv`cmylw vI AwXoijq krdI hY qWik Awaux vwlIAW nslW nUM aunHW v`loNAwrMBy Gol bwry jwxU krwieAw jwvy[ dyS Bgq Xwdgwr kmytIjlMDr qoN mnzUrI lY ky kYnyfw ivKy gdr pwrtI SqwbdI smwrohsMbMDI 1913 -2013 kYlMfr Cwp ky Aqy v`fI igxqI iv`c vMf ky bVwBwrI Xogdwn pwieAw hY[

du`K dI g`l ieh hY ik ienHW kmytIAW dy mohrI gdrI bwibAWdI soc jo aunHW gurUAW dI b^SI 'is`KI siprt' 'coN pRwpq kIqI ausdI glq ibAwnI kr rhy hn[ fwktr hrIS purI ilKdw hY ikgdrI bwibAW dI smrpx qy swdgI dy jIvn dw pRyrnw-sRoq lwlwhridAwl sI[ bwbw Bgq isMG iblgw ny AwpxI ilKq 'gdrlihr dy Ax&oly vrky', iv`c iliKAw hY ik gdrI bwibAW ny AwzwdIqy brwbrI dw skMlp PrWs dy ienklwb qoN ilAw sI[ pRoPYsrvirAwm isMG sMDU kih irhw hY ik gdrIAW dI soc iv`c Drm nW dIkoeI cIz nhIN sI Aqy auh sOVIAW Dwrimk BwvnwvW pwr kr geIsI[ keI nwsiqk ibrqI vwly Aqy kimaUinst ivcwrDwrw vwlyies nUM rUs dy ienklwb nwl joV rhy hn, jd ik rUs dw ienklwbqW 1918 iv`c AwieAw pr gdr pwrtI qW 1913 iv`c sQwpq hogeI sI[ mnu`Kqw dI AwzwdI, brwbrqw Aqy iensw& vwlw Adu`qIienklwb '^wlsy dI isrjnw' PrWs dy ienklwb nwloN vI 90 swlpihlW AwieAw sI[

Ajmyr isMG ny AwpxI pusqk 'gdrI bwby kox sn? AnmqIAWdy kUV dwAivAW dw KMfn' iv`c iliKAw hY ik gdr pwrtI dy bwnIpRDwn bwbw sohx isMG Bknw ny Awpxy izMdgI dy ivSwl qy gihryAnuBv iv`coN ieh s`c pCwx ilAw sI ik kimaUinst pwrtIAW,AwpxI jmWdrU ivcwrDwrk qMg nzrI dI vjw krky, gdr lihr dyShIdW qy sUrimAW dI 'srb`q dy Bly' vwlI soc qy siprt nwliensw& nhIN kr skdIAW[ ies krky gdrI bwibAW dI ie`Cw sIik 'dyS Bgq Xwdgwr kmytI' kimaUinst pwrtIAW qoN AwzwdrihxI cwhIdI hY[

Asl iv`c gdrI bwibAW dy sdgux is`K gurU swihbwn dIkihxI qy krnI dI krwmwq sI[ qkrIbn swry gdrI AMimRqDwrI

sn Aqy aunHW AMdr AMimRq dI klw vrqdI sI[ A`j vI gdrpwrtI dy JMfy iv`c do qlvwrW SoB rhIAW hn jo mIrI qy pIrI dyisDWq nUM drswauNdIAW hn[

keI ieiqhwskwrW ny iliKAw hY ik gdr pwrtI vloN AwrMiBAwjMgy-AwzwdI sMGrS kwmXwb nhIN sI hoieAw[ ieh inrxw XognhIN Bwsdw[ sUry dI soc, pRym,sbr,syvw,idRVqw Aqy s`c dy guxW qyAwDwrq huMdI hY[ auh suAwrQ hIxqw, nyk-nIqI Aqy svY–BrosgInwl Awpxy imQy inSwny v`l kdm pu`tdw hY[ ij`q jW hwr aus leIie`k brwbr huMdI hY[ ijvyN DrqI 'c bIj pwieAW ie`k dm &l nhINidMdw, b`cw jnm lY ky ausy idn qurn nhIN l`g jWdw pr hOlI hOlIifgdw FihMdw pYrW 'qy KVHw hox lgdw hY Aqy koeI vI cIz ie`ky dmnhIN is`KI jWdI, kTnweIAW J`l ky Aqy smW pw ky hI kwmXwbIhwsl huMdI hY[ ieM\ gdrI bwibAW dI AwrMB kIqI gdr lihr ny hIAwzwdI dI pRwpqI dw bwnxU bMinAw[ aunHW dy hiQAwrbMd Gol ny hIAwzwdI idvweI hY[ gurU klgIDr pwqSwh dy Sbd hn: “SsqRn kyADIn hY rwj'[ iesy qrHW 'koaU iksI ko rwj nw dy hYN, jo ly hYN injbl sy ly hNY' AwzwdI pRwpqI ip`CoN rwj sqw qy kwbz hox vwilAW nyies g`l dy Fol vjwauxy AwrMB id`qy ik mhwqmw gWDI dy SWqmeIAMdoln ny AwzwdI idvweI hY[ dws nUM Xwd hY ik ie`k vwr bwbwsohx isMG jI Bknw pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw ivKyAwey sn[ aunHW Kcw Kc Bry hwl iv`c Awpxy BwSx dOrwn ikhw,'mhwqmw gWDI ny dyS vwsIAW nwl DoKw kIqw[ aunHW hwl 'c bYTypRoPYsrW, ividAwrQIAW Aqy hor isr k`F SKSIAqW qoN ies g`ldI pRoVqw bwhW KVHIAW kr ky krvweI’[ bwbw Bknw ny A`gy AwiKAwik gWDI vwdIAW ny swfIAW kIqIAW kurbwnIAW 'qy pwxI Pyr id`qwAqy dyS dI vMf kbUl kr leI[ ies vMf kwrn pMjwbIAW dw dohINpwsIN BwrI nukswn hoieAw[ ieqnw KUn fuilHAw ik GrW dy Gr aujVgey, imhnq nwl bxweIAW jwiedwdW C`fxIAW peIAW Aqy jo vIjwnW bcw ky vwps prqy KwlI h`QIN qn dy kpiVAW nwl hI Awey[ieh dyS dI vMf sdw leI Bwrq vwsqy mu`K sm`isAw bxI rhygI[

ipAwry vIrno jdoN AsIN gdr pwrtI bxw ky dyS dI AwzwdI dwbIVw cu`ikAw qW ies pwrtI dy mYNbrW ny ieh sOhW KwDIAW sn ik jy

(102) (103)

hY[ ies XwdgwrI hwl dI kmytI hr swl gdrIAW dI Xwd iv`cmylw vI AwXoijq krdI hY qWik Awaux vwlIAW nslW nUM aunHW v`loNAwrMBy Gol bwry jwxU krwieAw jwvy[ dyS Bgq Xwdgwr kmytIjlMDr qoN mnzUrI lY ky kYnyfw ivKy gdr pwrtI SqwbdI smwrohsMbMDI 1913 -2013 kYlMfr Cwp ky Aqy v`fI igxqI iv`c vMf ky bVwBwrI Xogdwn pwieAw hY[

du`K dI g`l ieh hY ik ienHW kmytIAW dy mohrI gdrI bwibAWdI soc jo aunHW gurUAW dI b^SI 'is`KI siprt' 'coN pRwpq kIqI ausdI glq ibAwnI kr rhy hn[ fwktr hrIS purI ilKdw hY ikgdrI bwibAW dI smrpx qy swdgI dy jIvn dw pRyrnw-sRoq lwlwhridAwl sI[ bwbw Bgq isMG iblgw ny AwpxI ilKq 'gdrlihr dy Ax&oly vrky', iv`c iliKAw hY ik gdrI bwibAW ny AwzwdIqy brwbrI dw skMlp PrWs dy ienklwb qoN ilAw sI[ pRoPYsrvirAwm isMG sMDU kih irhw hY ik gdrIAW dI soc iv`c Drm nW dIkoeI cIz nhIN sI Aqy auh sOVIAW Dwrimk BwvnwvW pwr kr geIsI[ keI nwsiqk ibrqI vwly Aqy kimaUinst ivcwrDwrw vwlyies nUM rUs dy ienklwb nwl joV rhy hn, jd ik rUs dw ienklwbqW 1918 iv`c AwieAw pr gdr pwrtI qW 1913 iv`c sQwpq hogeI sI[ mnu`Kqw dI AwzwdI, brwbrqw Aqy iensw& vwlw Adu`qIienklwb '^wlsy dI isrjnw' PrWs dy ienklwb nwloN vI 90 swlpihlW AwieAw sI[

Ajmyr isMG ny AwpxI pusqk 'gdrI bwby kox sn? AnmqIAWdy kUV dwAivAW dw KMfn' iv`c iliKAw hY ik gdr pwrtI dy bwnIpRDwn bwbw sohx isMG Bknw ny Awpxy izMdgI dy ivSwl qy gihryAnuBv iv`coN ieh s`c pCwx ilAw sI ik kimaUinst pwrtIAW,AwpxI jmWdrU ivcwrDwrk qMg nzrI dI vjw krky, gdr lihr dyShIdW qy sUrimAW dI 'srb`q dy Bly' vwlI soc qy siprt nwliensw& nhIN kr skdIAW[ ies krky gdrI bwibAW dI ie`Cw sIik 'dyS Bgq Xwdgwr kmytI' kimaUinst pwrtIAW qoN AwzwdrihxI cwhIdI hY[

Asl iv`c gdrI bwibAW dy sdgux is`K gurU swihbwn dIkihxI qy krnI dI krwmwq sI[ qkrIbn swry gdrI AMimRqDwrI

sn Aqy aunHW AMdr AMimRq dI klw vrqdI sI[ A`j vI gdrpwrtI dy JMfy iv`c do qlvwrW SoB rhIAW hn jo mIrI qy pIrI dyisDWq nUM drswauNdIAW hn[

keI ieiqhwskwrW ny iliKAw hY ik gdr pwrtI vloN AwrMiBAwjMgy-AwzwdI sMGrS kwmXwb nhIN sI hoieAw[ ieh inrxw XognhIN Bwsdw[ sUry dI soc, pRym,sbr,syvw,idRVqw Aqy s`c dy guxW qyAwDwrq huMdI hY[ auh suAwrQ hIxqw, nyk-nIqI Aqy svY–BrosgInwl Awpxy imQy inSwny v`l kdm pu`tdw hY[ ij`q jW hwr aus leIie`k brwbr huMdI hY[ ijvyN DrqI 'c bIj pwieAW ie`k dm &l nhINidMdw, b`cw jnm lY ky ausy idn qurn nhIN l`g jWdw pr hOlI hOlIifgdw FihMdw pYrW 'qy KVHw hox lgdw hY Aqy koeI vI cIz ie`ky dmnhIN is`KI jWdI, kTnweIAW J`l ky Aqy smW pw ky hI kwmXwbIhwsl huMdI hY[ ieM\ gdrI bwibAW dI AwrMB kIqI gdr lihr ny hIAwzwdI dI pRwpqI dw bwnxU bMinAw[ aunHW dy hiQAwrbMd Gol ny hIAwzwdI idvweI hY[ gurU klgIDr pwqSwh dy Sbd hn: “SsqRn kyADIn hY rwj'[ iesy qrHW 'koaU iksI ko rwj nw dy hYN, jo ly hYN injbl sy ly hNY' AwzwdI pRwpqI ip`CoN rwj sqw qy kwbz hox vwilAW nyies g`l dy Fol vjwauxy AwrMB id`qy ik mhwqmw gWDI dy SWqmeIAMdoln ny AwzwdI idvweI hY[ dws nUM Xwd hY ik ie`k vwr bwbwsohx isMG jI Bknw pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw ivKyAwey sn[ aunHW Kcw Kc Bry hwl iv`c Awpxy BwSx dOrwn ikhw,'mhwqmw gWDI ny dyS vwsIAW nwl DoKw kIqw[ aunHW hwl 'c bYTypRoPYsrW, ividAwrQIAW Aqy hor isr k`F SKSIAqW qoN ies g`ldI pRoVqw bwhW KVHIAW kr ky krvweI’[ bwbw Bknw ny A`gy AwiKAwik gWDI vwdIAW ny swfIAW kIqIAW kurbwnIAW 'qy pwxI Pyr id`qwAqy dyS dI vMf kbUl kr leI[ ies vMf kwrn pMjwbIAW dw dohINpwsIN BwrI nukswn hoieAw[ ieqnw KUn fuilHAw ik GrW dy Gr aujVgey, imhnq nwl bxweIAW jwiedwdW C`fxIAW peIAW Aqy jo vIjwnW bcw ky vwps prqy KwlI h`QIN qn dy kpiVAW nwl hI Awey[ieh dyS dI vMf sdw leI Bwrq vwsqy mu`K sm`isAw bxI rhygI[

ipAwry vIrno jdoN AsIN gdr pwrtI bxw ky dyS dI AwzwdI dwbIVw cu`ikAw qW ies pwrtI dy mYNbrW ny ieh sOhW KwDIAW sn ik jy

(102) (103)

julm dI wqr jwn vI dyxI pvy qW idAWgy[ sB dy mu`K 'coN ieh bolinkly :

gdr pwrtI bIVw cu`ikAw, ihMd Awzwd krwvx dw[Awau! Syro gdr mcweIey, mOkw nhIN KuMJwvx dw[pr dUjy pwsy inmk hrwmI AYsy vI hn:

kOmI syvw kdy nw krdy, jo ie`zq dy Bu`Ky jI[g`lW QIN Gr pUrw krdy, iv`coN rihMdy ru`Ky jI[kMm kwr nUM jIA nw krdw, qIr clwvx su`ky jI[iehnW koloN bcxw Xwro, ieh Suhrq dy Bu`Ky jI[

6

kYnyfw ivKy is`KW dy gurU Grguris`K Aqy gurU dw nwqw ieqnw gUVHw hY ijvyN m`CI dw pwxI

nwl, ckor dw cMdrmw nwl, ppIhy dw svWqI bUMd Awid nwl huMdwhY[ sMswr AMdr ij`Qy ikqy vI guris`K rihMdw hY aus dI mu`K aumMgin`q gurU dy nqmsqk hox dI huMdI hY[ ieh mMg gurU Gr ivKy jw kyhI pUrI ho skdI hY[ ies leI ij`Qy vI gur is`K vsdw hY auh gurUGr (gurduAwrw) bxwaux leI socdw hY[ gurU swihb ny is`K nUMAwpxw jIvn au~cw-su`cw bnwaux leI v`fI bKiSS qy hukm kIqw :

gur duAwrY hoie soJI pwiesI] eyqu duAwrY Doie hCw hoiesI] (729)is`K Drm dy bwnI gurU nwnk swihb jI AwpxIAW pRcwr

PyrIAW dOrwn dUr dUr q`k gey Aqy Bu`lI-BtkI qy BrmW 'c peIlukweI nUM ie`k prmwqmW nwl joVn leI Aqy is`Dy rsqy qy qorn leIDrmSwlwvW bxvweIAW[ gurU jI dw Purmwn hY:

mY bDI sc Drmswl hY] gur isKW lihdw Bwil kY] (73)ieiqhwsk q`QW muqwbk pihly pihl, gurDwm, gurU Gr jW

gurduAwry dI sMigAw Drmswl hI sI[ sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMdrgurDwm jW gurU Gr leI gurduAwry dw Sbd SyK &rId jI ny vIvriqAw hY[ gurduAwry dI pRIBwSw kI hY? Asl iv`c gurduAwrw auhAsQwn hY ij`Qy sRI gurU gRMQ swihb dw pRkwS hY Aqy pMQk kysrIinSwn swihb JUldw hY[ sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw pRkwS BwvyN iksyGr AMdr jW fyry iv`c ho skdw hY pr aus jgHw nUM fyrw jW TwT qWAwiKAw jw skdw hY gurduAwrw nhIN, ikauNik au~Qy inSwn swihbnhIN huMdw[ JUl irhw inSwn swihb is`K kOm dI cVHdI klw, nwnknwm dI vrKw Aqy srb`q dy Bly dw pRqIk hY[ ieh mwno hr pRwxInUM AwvwzW mwrdw hY ik ies AsQwn 'qy is`Kw qyry leI gurbwxI,lMgr pwxI Aqy irhwieS dw mu&q pRbMD hY[

gurduAwry is`KI dw Durw hn Aqy Drm dy kyNdr hn[ ieh bMdynUM pRBU bMdgI v`l lw ky pRBU imlwp dw rsqw idKwauNdy hn[ pRBUismrn jigAwsU nUM Awqm rs pRdwn krdw hY, AnMd dI pRwpqI

(104) (105)

julm dI wqr jwn vI dyxI pvy qW idAWgy[ sB dy mu`K 'coN ieh bolinkly :

gdr pwrtI bIVw cu`ikAw, ihMd Awzwd krwvx dw[Awau! Syro gdr mcweIey, mOkw nhIN KuMJwvx dw[pr dUjy pwsy inmk hrwmI AYsy vI hn:

kOmI syvw kdy nw krdy, jo ie`zq dy Bu`Ky jI[g`lW QIN Gr pUrw krdy, iv`coN rihMdy ru`Ky jI[kMm kwr nUM jIA nw krdw, qIr clwvx su`ky jI[iehnW koloN bcxw Xwro, ieh Suhrq dy Bu`Ky jI[

6

kYnyfw ivKy is`KW dy gurU Grguris`K Aqy gurU dw nwqw ieqnw gUVHw hY ijvyN m`CI dw pwxI

nwl, ckor dw cMdrmw nwl, ppIhy dw svWqI bUMd Awid nwl huMdwhY[ sMswr AMdr ij`Qy ikqy vI guris`K rihMdw hY aus dI mu`K aumMgin`q gurU dy nqmsqk hox dI huMdI hY[ ieh mMg gurU Gr ivKy jw kyhI pUrI ho skdI hY[ ies leI ij`Qy vI gur is`K vsdw hY auh gurUGr (gurduAwrw) bxwaux leI socdw hY[ gurU swihb ny is`K nUMAwpxw jIvn au~cw-su`cw bnwaux leI v`fI bKiSS qy hukm kIqw :

gur duAwrY hoie soJI pwiesI] eyqu duAwrY Doie hCw hoiesI] (729)is`K Drm dy bwnI gurU nwnk swihb jI AwpxIAW pRcwr

PyrIAW dOrwn dUr dUr q`k gey Aqy Bu`lI-BtkI qy BrmW 'c peIlukweI nUM ie`k prmwqmW nwl joVn leI Aqy is`Dy rsqy qy qorn leIDrmSwlwvW bxvweIAW[ gurU jI dw Purmwn hY:

mY bDI sc Drmswl hY] gur isKW lihdw Bwil kY] (73)ieiqhwsk q`QW muqwbk pihly pihl, gurDwm, gurU Gr jW

gurduAwry dI sMigAw Drmswl hI sI[ sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMdrgurDwm jW gurU Gr leI gurduAwry dw Sbd SyK &rId jI ny vIvriqAw hY[ gurduAwry dI pRIBwSw kI hY? Asl iv`c gurduAwrw auhAsQwn hY ij`Qy sRI gurU gRMQ swihb dw pRkwS hY Aqy pMQk kysrIinSwn swihb JUldw hY[ sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw pRkwS BwvyN iksyGr AMdr jW fyry iv`c ho skdw hY pr aus jgHw nUM fyrw jW TwT qWAwiKAw jw skdw hY gurduAwrw nhIN, ikauNik au~Qy inSwn swihbnhIN huMdw[ JUl irhw inSwn swihb is`K kOm dI cVHdI klw, nwnknwm dI vrKw Aqy srb`q dy Bly dw pRqIk hY[ ieh mwno hr pRwxInUM AwvwzW mwrdw hY ik ies AsQwn 'qy is`Kw qyry leI gurbwxI,lMgr pwxI Aqy irhwieS dw mu&q pRbMD hY[

gurduAwry is`KI dw Durw hn Aqy Drm dy kyNdr hn[ ieh bMdynUM pRBU bMdgI v`l lw ky pRBU imlwp dw rsqw idKwauNdy hn[ pRBUismrn jigAwsU nUM Awqm rs pRdwn krdw hY, AnMd dI pRwpqI

(104) (105)

pr iPr vI gurU pRym dy iv`c b`Jy hoey guris`K h&qy ip`CoN Cu`tI vwlyidn siq sMg Gr iv`c hI sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw pRkwS kr kyrcwauNdy sn[ ies qrHW ieh gurU dy nwl juVy rihx qoN ielwvwjQybMdI nUM mzbUq kr rhy sn, AwpxIAW sm`isAw vI sWJIAW krdyAqy gurduAwrw swihb dI auswrI leI PMf iek`qr kr rhy sn[AkqUbr 1907 iv`c jdoN gurduAwrw swihb dI auswrI bwry kwrzAwrMB krnw cwihAw qW 300 dy krIb goirAW ny dr^wsq dy ky iesdw ivroD kIqw[ [pr imaUNsIpYltI ny is`KW nUM gurU Gr bxwaux dIiezwzq dy id`qI[ gurU Gr jo 1866 vYst sYikMf (2nd) AYvinaU qybx irhw sI dI auswrI mukMml hox qy 19 jnvrI 1908 nUM audGwtnkIqw igAw[ pr BweI Arjn isMG 22 julweI 1907 nUM Br juAwnIiv`c hI clwxw kr gey[ gurduAwrw swihb dI mukMmlqw auprMqpihlI vwr 19 jnvrI 1908 nUM kYnyfw ivKy ngr kIrqn AwXoijqkIqw igAw[ sMq qyjw isMG jI (AYm.ey.AY~l.AY~l.bI, pMjwb Aqy ey. AY~m. hwrvrf XUnIvristI XU.AY~s.ey. Aqy kYNbirz XUnIvristI,lMfn dy pihly pgVIDwrI (is`K ividAwrQI) ny ngr kIrqn smyNAMgryzI iv`c is`KI bwry bhuq hI pRBwvSwlI lYkcr id`qw ijs nUM suxky gory dMg rih gey sn[

sMn 1969 iv`c ies gurU Gr dI iemwrq 96866 fwlr iv`cvyc ky 1970 iv`c 8000 rOs strIt, mrIn frweIv, vYnkUvr 'qynvyN gurduAwrw swihb dI auswrI krvweI geI[ gurduAwrw swihbdI pihlI iemwrq vycx dw PYslw auic`q nhIN jwpdw ikauNik ausnwl gurU Gr dI ivrwsq ^qm ho geI[

ivrwsqI gurU Gr AYbtsPorfAYbtsPorf iv`c is`KW dI GxI vsoN hY[ ieh gurduAwrw hYrItyz

guris`K tYNpl dy nwm nwl mShUr hY[ do goirAW jy. fblXU muk`lmAqy Awr jOhn pIkOk ny imstr jymz ihMgnsn qoN 1908 iv`c 32eykV zmIn kyvl 800 fwlr iv`c KrIdI sI[ ies dI rijstrI 4jnvrI 1908 nUM hoeI Aqy ieh jgHw Xyl vYgn sVk 'qy siQ`q sI[mlkpur ipMf dy guris`K BweI srdwrw isMG (ijs dw pihlw nW hrIisMG sI) ny ienHW goirAW qoN qkrIbn ie`k eykV zmIn jo sVk

krwauNdw hY, smidRStI, mnu`KI pRym Aqy srb`q dw Blw drswauNdwhY[ gurU GrW 'c Dur kI bwxI dw pwT, kIrqn dIAW DunIAW,gurbwxI dI kQw, kvIAW, kvISrW, FwfIAW Aqy bulwirAW qoN is`Kieiqhws Aqy gur aupdyS hwisl huMdw hY[ v`fI g`l ieh ik gurU Gr'coN siq sMgq rwhIN gurU BgqI, gurU SkqI Aqy syvw Bwvnw dIpRwpqI huMdI hY[ gurU dw aupdyS Drm dI ikrq, nwm jpxw Aqy vMfCkxw AYsw v`fmulw Aqy mhwn hY ik ies nUM Apnwaux nwl mnu`KqwdI hr p`KoN shwieqw kIqI jw skdI hY[ so gurU Gr gur is`KI dypRcwr leI mwno cwnx munwry hn[ ijvyN sUrj ibnW pRkwS AsMBv hYiqvyN gurduAwry ibn gur igAwn pRwpq nhIN ho skdw[ fwktrmuhMmd iekbwl dy Sbd hn ik ijhVI kOm Awpxy Dwrimk kyNdrnwloN tu`t jWdI hY, aus dIAW jVHW KoKlIAW ho jWdIAW hn Aqy ausdw pqn ho jWdw hY:

kOmoN ky lIey mOq hY mrkz sy judweI[guris`K dw hr kMm cwhy auh Dwrimk hY jW smwijk jW

rwjnIqk auh gurU Gr qoN hI SurU huMdw hY[ gurU Gr AMdr hr ie`kmjHb jW jwqI dw bMdw ibnW iJjk Aw skdw hY Aqy Awpxy ivcwrsWJy kr skdw hY[ gurduAwrw irhwieS Aqy Bojn pwxI leI ivSySAsQwn hox kr ky kYnyfw, AmrIkw Awid jwx leI XwqrI hWgkWgdy gurU Gr iv`c Tihrdy sn[ kYnyfw srkwr v`loN eySIAweI lokWivru`D dwKly sMbMDI iemIgRySn dy p`KpwqI kwnUMnW nUM cxOqI dyx leIkwmwgwtw mwrU Aqy brqwnIAW srkwr ivru`D dyS dI AzwdI leIgdr AMdoln dIAW ivcwrW Aqy XojnwvW gurduAwrw swihbwn iv`chI kIqIAW Aqy iv`FIAW geIAW[

kYnyfw ivKy pihly gurU Gr dI sQwpnwvYnkUvr iv`c gurduAwrw swihb dI sQwpnw leI 1906 iv`c

^wlsw dIvwn nW dI j`QybMdI ny gurmqw pws kIqw[ gurduAwrwswihb bnwaux dI pRyrnw BweI Arjn isMG ipMf mlk, ijlHw luiDAwxwny kIqI[ BweI swihb gurmuK ipAwry jdoN 1904 iv`c pihlI vwrkYnyfw Awey qW Awpxy nwl sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI bIV vI lY kyAwey[ aunHW idnW iv`c BwvyN is`KW dI igxqI kYnyfw iv`c bhuq G`t sI

(106) (107)

pr iPr vI gurU pRym dy iv`c b`Jy hoey guris`K h&qy ip`CoN Cu`tI vwlyidn siq sMg Gr iv`c hI sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dw pRkwS kr kyrcwauNdy sn[ ies qrHW ieh gurU dy nwl juVy rihx qoN ielwvwjQybMdI nUM mzbUq kr rhy sn, AwpxIAW sm`isAw vI sWJIAW krdyAqy gurduAwrw swihb dI auswrI leI PMf iek`qr kr rhy sn[AkqUbr 1907 iv`c jdoN gurduAwrw swihb dI auswrI bwry kwrzAwrMB krnw cwihAw qW 300 dy krIb goirAW ny dr^wsq dy ky iesdw ivroD kIqw[ [pr imaUNsIpYltI ny is`KW nUM gurU Gr bxwaux dIiezwzq dy id`qI[ gurU Gr jo 1866 vYst sYikMf (2nd) AYvinaU qybx irhw sI dI auswrI mukMml hox qy 19 jnvrI 1908 nUM audGwtnkIqw igAw[ pr BweI Arjn isMG 22 julweI 1907 nUM Br juAwnIiv`c hI clwxw kr gey[ gurduAwrw swihb dI mukMmlqw auprMqpihlI vwr 19 jnvrI 1908 nUM kYnyfw ivKy ngr kIrqn AwXoijqkIqw igAw[ sMq qyjw isMG jI (AYm.ey.AY~l.AY~l.bI, pMjwb Aqy ey. AY~m. hwrvrf XUnIvristI XU.AY~s.ey. Aqy kYNbirz XUnIvristI,lMfn dy pihly pgVIDwrI (is`K ividAwrQI) ny ngr kIrqn smyNAMgryzI iv`c is`KI bwry bhuq hI pRBwvSwlI lYkcr id`qw ijs nUM suxky gory dMg rih gey sn[

sMn 1969 iv`c ies gurU Gr dI iemwrq 96866 fwlr iv`cvyc ky 1970 iv`c 8000 rOs strIt, mrIn frweIv, vYnkUvr 'qynvyN gurduAwrw swihb dI auswrI krvweI geI[ gurduAwrw swihbdI pihlI iemwrq vycx dw PYslw auic`q nhIN jwpdw ikauNik ausnwl gurU Gr dI ivrwsq ^qm ho geI[

ivrwsqI gurU Gr AYbtsPorfAYbtsPorf iv`c is`KW dI GxI vsoN hY[ ieh gurduAwrw hYrItyz

guris`K tYNpl dy nwm nwl mShUr hY[ do goirAW jy. fblXU muk`lmAqy Awr jOhn pIkOk ny imstr jymz ihMgnsn qoN 1908 iv`c 32eykV zmIn kyvl 800 fwlr iv`c KrIdI sI[ ies dI rijstrI 4jnvrI 1908 nUM hoeI Aqy ieh jgHw Xyl vYgn sVk 'qy siQ`q sI[mlkpur ipMf dy guris`K BweI srdwrw isMG (ijs dw pihlw nW hrIisMG sI) ny ienHW goirAW qoN qkrIbn ie`k eykV zmIn jo sVk

krwauNdw hY, smidRStI, mnu`KI pRym Aqy srb`q dw Blw drswauNdwhY[ gurU GrW 'c Dur kI bwxI dw pwT, kIrqn dIAW DunIAW,gurbwxI dI kQw, kvIAW, kvISrW, FwfIAW Aqy bulwirAW qoN is`Kieiqhws Aqy gur aupdyS hwisl huMdw hY[ v`fI g`l ieh ik gurU Gr'coN siq sMgq rwhIN gurU BgqI, gurU SkqI Aqy syvw Bwvnw dIpRwpqI huMdI hY[ gurU dw aupdyS Drm dI ikrq, nwm jpxw Aqy vMfCkxw AYsw v`fmulw Aqy mhwn hY ik ies nUM Apnwaux nwl mnu`KqwdI hr p`KoN shwieqw kIqI jw skdI hY[ so gurU Gr gur is`KI dypRcwr leI mwno cwnx munwry hn[ ijvyN sUrj ibnW pRkwS AsMBv hYiqvyN gurduAwry ibn gur igAwn pRwpq nhIN ho skdw[ fwktrmuhMmd iekbwl dy Sbd hn ik ijhVI kOm Awpxy Dwrimk kyNdrnwloN tu`t jWdI hY, aus dIAW jVHW KoKlIAW ho jWdIAW hn Aqy ausdw pqn ho jWdw hY:

kOmoN ky lIey mOq hY mrkz sy judweI[guris`K dw hr kMm cwhy auh Dwrimk hY jW smwijk jW

rwjnIqk auh gurU Gr qoN hI SurU huMdw hY[ gurU Gr AMdr hr ie`kmjHb jW jwqI dw bMdw ibnW iJjk Aw skdw hY Aqy Awpxy ivcwrsWJy kr skdw hY[ gurduAwrw irhwieS Aqy Bojn pwxI leI ivSySAsQwn hox kr ky kYnyfw, AmrIkw Awid jwx leI XwqrI hWgkWgdy gurU Gr iv`c Tihrdy sn[ kYnyfw srkwr v`loN eySIAweI lokWivru`D dwKly sMbMDI iemIgRySn dy p`KpwqI kwnUMnW nUM cxOqI dyx leIkwmwgwtw mwrU Aqy brqwnIAW srkwr ivru`D dyS dI AzwdI leIgdr AMdoln dIAW ivcwrW Aqy XojnwvW gurduAwrw swihbwn iv`chI kIqIAW Aqy iv`FIAW geIAW[

kYnyfw ivKy pihly gurU Gr dI sQwpnwvYnkUvr iv`c gurduAwrw swihb dI sQwpnw leI 1906 iv`c

^wlsw dIvwn nW dI j`QybMdI ny gurmqw pws kIqw[ gurduAwrwswihb bnwaux dI pRyrnw BweI Arjn isMG ipMf mlk, ijlHw luiDAwxwny kIqI[ BweI swihb gurmuK ipAwry jdoN 1904 iv`c pihlI vwrkYnyfw Awey qW Awpxy nwl sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI bIV vI lY kyAwey[ aunHW idnW iv`c BwvyN is`KW dI igxqI kYnyfw iv`c bhuq G`t sI

(106) (107)

aup`r Aqy au~cy QW 'qy sI gurU Gr leI KrId leI[ BwvyN ieh zmInpihlI mwrc 1908 nUM KrIdI sI pr p`ky qOr 'qy ies dI rijstrI15 mwrc 1928 nUM hoeI sI ikauNik pihlW ieh tukVw dohW goirAW nyAwps iv`c vMifAw nhIN sI[ ies dI rijstrI vI ^wlsw dIvwnsuswietI, vYnkUvr dy nW 'qy hoeI ikauNik aus smyN AYbtsPorf^wlsw dIvwn suswietI hoNd iv`c nhIN sI AweI[ auprMq bVI jdojihd nwl ieh gurU Gr wlsw dIvwn suswietI AYbtsPorf dy nwm'qy rijstr hoieAw[

gurU Gr 1909 iv`c bxnw SurU hoieAw Aqy 1911 iv`c bx kyiemwrq iqAwr ho geI sI[ iemwrq dw nINh p`Qr BweI blvMqisMG Aqy BweI rwm isMG ny Ardws auprMq r`iKAw[ bx rhIiemwrq leI au.jy. itMRbvy nW dy gory ijhVw itMbr im`l dw mwlk sIny is`KW dI PirAwd 'qy swrI l`kV dI syvw mu&q kIqI[ ieh is`Kim`l iv`c kMm krdy sn[ iehnW iv`c BweI suMdr isMG QWdI dOlqpur(PormYn), BweI vIr isMG cMnxvwl Awid kMm krdy sn[ imstritRMbvy ny AwiKAw, “is`Ko! qusIN cMgI sw& Aqy p`kI l`kV loVAnuswr iljw skdy hoN”[ gurivMdr isMG DwlIvwl dy pMjwbI mylAKbwr iv`c 26 sqMbr 2011 dy ilKy lyK Anuswr ies dwnI gory dIpIVHI A`j vI AYbtsPorf iv`c rihMdI hY[ BweI suMdr isMG ny iml'c kMm krdy mzdUr is`KW nUM bynqI kIqI ik kMm krn auprMq hrbMdw ie`k ie`k l`kVI dw P`tw gurU Gr leI syvw vjoN hr roz isr 'qyr`K ky iljwvy[ gurU dw nW sux ky is`K dw mn iKV jWdw hY[ is`KAwpxw kMm C`f ky gurU dy kMm nUM qrjIh idMdw hY[ ieM\ im`l iv`c kMmkr rhy 50 ku is`KW ny ie`k dI bjwey do do P`ty isrW 'qy r`K ky AinMnAqy inSkwm syvw kIqI[

25 PrvrI 1912 nUM audGwtnI smwroh hoieAw[ ies smwrohiv`c sMq qyjw isMG mu`K bulwry sn[ sMgq iv`c is`KW qoN ielwvw goryvI v`fI igxqI iv`c Swml sn[ qyjw isMG ny is`KI sMbMDI AMgryzIiv`c bVw hI pRBwvSwlI BwSx id`qw ijs nUM sux ky gory hYrwn rihgey[ aunHW AwiKAw ik ies gurU Gr dI auswrI iv`c ikRScIAnkimaUntI ny vI v`fw Xogdwn pwieAw hY[

26 qoN 28 Agsq 2012 nUM sMgqW dy AQwh iek`T ny SqwbdImnweI[ ies iv`c kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRI stIPn hwrpr, pRImIArikRstI klwrk, myAr jOrz pYrI Aqy hor mhwn s^SIAqW SwmlhoeIAW[ sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI hzUrI iv`c Aqy pMjW ipAwirAWdI AgvweI iv`c ngr kIrqn rcwieAw igAw[ iqMny idn gurU kwlMgr KUB vriqAw[ nvIN pIVHI ny gurU Gr dy ieiqhws bwry jwixAw[

ieh gurU Gr gdrI bwibAW dw mu`K gVH sI[ Asl iv`c mu`KqOr qy gdr lihr dI AwrMBqw ie`QoN hI hoeI sI[ BwvyN ip`CoN ies dwmu`K d&qr kYloPornIAW (AmrIkw) iv`c bixAw[ gurduAwrw swihbivKy aus smyN l`kV dw pol ijhVw qkrIbn 70 Pu`t au~cw sI ausau~pr kysrI colw cVHw ky inSwn swihb JulwieAw[ ies dy auprlyih`sy 'qy KMfy dy nwl ie`k blb vI lgwieAw igAw[ AmrIkw iv`crihx vwly gdrI bwby kYnyfw v`l Awaux leI jgdy blb nwl A`gydy hwlwqW dw jwiezw lYNdy sn[ Bwv jykr blb jgdw hY qW koeI^qrw jwx ky vwps muV jWdy sn[ ieh gurU Gr dyS BgqW dw mu`Kitkwxw sI[ kurbwnI dy puqly ShId krqwr isMG srwBw, BweI myvwisMG, ShId BweI Bwg isMG, BweI blvMq isMG Kurdpur vrgy AnykWsUirAW ny ie`Qy pYr pwieAw sI[

ShId BweI krm isMG QWdI aurP 'b`br' ijhVy b`br AkwlIlihr dy moFI sn, ieh 1907 iv`c Awpxy Brw Aqy ipMf vwsIAWnwl kYnyfw Awey sn[ sMn 1913 iv`c ieh gdr pwrtI dy moFImYNbrW v`joN A`gy Awey[ ienHW dy mn AMdr dyS nUM Awzwd dyKx dIbhuq qV& sI[ bs gdrI bwibAW dy myl ny ieh Bwvnw hor qyz krid`qI[ kudrq dy nzwirAW nwl BrIAW husIn vwdIAW, imhnq nwlbxweI jwiedwd Aqy BrwvW ijhVy mihkdy tihkdy Aqy su`KW iv`ckYnyfw ivKy jIvn ibqw rhy sn nUM C`f mwq BUmI Awzwd krwaux leI1914 nUM vwpsI kr leI[ vwps jwx smyN Brw nUM AwiKAw ik jykrdws AwzwdI dI jMg 'c c`l visAw qW myrI zmIn gurU Gr nUM dydyxI[

BweI krm isMG 1914 nUM ihMdusqwn phuMc igAw[ au~Qy phuMc ky22 Agsq 1922 nUM 'b`br AkwlI duAwbw' nW dw A^bwr SurU kIqw

(108) (109)

aup`r Aqy au~cy QW 'qy sI gurU Gr leI KrId leI[ BwvyN ieh zmInpihlI mwrc 1908 nUM KrIdI sI pr p`ky qOr 'qy ies dI rijstrI15 mwrc 1928 nUM hoeI sI ikauNik pihlW ieh tukVw dohW goirAW nyAwps iv`c vMifAw nhIN sI[ ies dI rijstrI vI ^wlsw dIvwnsuswietI, vYnkUvr dy nW 'qy hoeI ikauNik aus smyN AYbtsPorf^wlsw dIvwn suswietI hoNd iv`c nhIN sI AweI[ auprMq bVI jdojihd nwl ieh gurU Gr wlsw dIvwn suswietI AYbtsPorf dy nwm'qy rijstr hoieAw[

gurU Gr 1909 iv`c bxnw SurU hoieAw Aqy 1911 iv`c bx kyiemwrq iqAwr ho geI sI[ iemwrq dw nINh p`Qr BweI blvMqisMG Aqy BweI rwm isMG ny Ardws auprMq r`iKAw[ bx rhIiemwrq leI au.jy. itMRbvy nW dy gory ijhVw itMbr im`l dw mwlk sIny is`KW dI PirAwd 'qy swrI l`kV dI syvw mu&q kIqI[ ieh is`Kim`l iv`c kMm krdy sn[ iehnW iv`c BweI suMdr isMG QWdI dOlqpur(PormYn), BweI vIr isMG cMnxvwl Awid kMm krdy sn[ imstritRMbvy ny AwiKAw, “is`Ko! qusIN cMgI sw& Aqy p`kI l`kV loVAnuswr iljw skdy hoN”[ gurivMdr isMG DwlIvwl dy pMjwbI mylAKbwr iv`c 26 sqMbr 2011 dy ilKy lyK Anuswr ies dwnI gory dIpIVHI A`j vI AYbtsPorf iv`c rihMdI hY[ BweI suMdr isMG ny iml'c kMm krdy mzdUr is`KW nUM bynqI kIqI ik kMm krn auprMq hrbMdw ie`k ie`k l`kVI dw P`tw gurU Gr leI syvw vjoN hr roz isr 'qyr`K ky iljwvy[ gurU dw nW sux ky is`K dw mn iKV jWdw hY[ is`KAwpxw kMm C`f ky gurU dy kMm nUM qrjIh idMdw hY[ ieM\ im`l iv`c kMmkr rhy 50 ku is`KW ny ie`k dI bjwey do do P`ty isrW 'qy r`K ky AinMnAqy inSkwm syvw kIqI[

25 PrvrI 1912 nUM audGwtnI smwroh hoieAw[ ies smwrohiv`c sMq qyjw isMG mu`K bulwry sn[ sMgq iv`c is`KW qoN ielwvw goryvI v`fI igxqI iv`c Swml sn[ qyjw isMG ny is`KI sMbMDI AMgryzIiv`c bVw hI pRBwvSwlI BwSx id`qw ijs nUM sux ky gory hYrwn rihgey[ aunHW AwiKAw ik ies gurU Gr dI auswrI iv`c ikRScIAnkimaUntI ny vI v`fw Xogdwn pwieAw hY[

26 qoN 28 Agsq 2012 nUM sMgqW dy AQwh iek`T ny SqwbdImnweI[ ies iv`c kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRI stIPn hwrpr, pRImIArikRstI klwrk, myAr jOrz pYrI Aqy hor mhwn s^SIAqW SwmlhoeIAW[ sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dI hzUrI iv`c Aqy pMjW ipAwirAWdI AgvweI iv`c ngr kIrqn rcwieAw igAw[ iqMny idn gurU kwlMgr KUB vriqAw[ nvIN pIVHI ny gurU Gr dy ieiqhws bwry jwixAw[

ieh gurU Gr gdrI bwibAW dw mu`K gVH sI[ Asl iv`c mu`KqOr qy gdr lihr dI AwrMBqw ie`QoN hI hoeI sI[ BwvyN ip`CoN ies dwmu`K d&qr kYloPornIAW (AmrIkw) iv`c bixAw[ gurduAwrw swihbivKy aus smyN l`kV dw pol ijhVw qkrIbn 70 Pu`t au~cw sI ausau~pr kysrI colw cVHw ky inSwn swihb JulwieAw[ ies dy auprlyih`sy 'qy KMfy dy nwl ie`k blb vI lgwieAw igAw[ AmrIkw iv`crihx vwly gdrI bwby kYnyfw v`l Awaux leI jgdy blb nwl A`gydy hwlwqW dw jwiezw lYNdy sn[ Bwv jykr blb jgdw hY qW koeI^qrw jwx ky vwps muV jWdy sn[ ieh gurU Gr dyS BgqW dw mu`Kitkwxw sI[ kurbwnI dy puqly ShId krqwr isMG srwBw, BweI myvwisMG, ShId BweI Bwg isMG, BweI blvMq isMG Kurdpur vrgy AnykWsUirAW ny ie`Qy pYr pwieAw sI[

ShId BweI krm isMG QWdI aurP 'b`br' ijhVy b`br AkwlIlihr dy moFI sn, ieh 1907 iv`c Awpxy Brw Aqy ipMf vwsIAWnwl kYnyfw Awey sn[ sMn 1913 iv`c ieh gdr pwrtI dy moFImYNbrW v`joN A`gy Awey[ ienHW dy mn AMdr dyS nUM Awzwd dyKx dIbhuq qV& sI[ bs gdrI bwibAW dy myl ny ieh Bwvnw hor qyz krid`qI[ kudrq dy nzwirAW nwl BrIAW husIn vwdIAW, imhnq nwlbxweI jwiedwd Aqy BrwvW ijhVy mihkdy tihkdy Aqy su`KW iv`ckYnyfw ivKy jIvn ibqw rhy sn nUM C`f mwq BUmI Awzwd krwaux leI1914 nUM vwpsI kr leI[ vwps jwx smyN Brw nUM AwiKAw ik jykrdws AwzwdI dI jMg 'c c`l visAw qW myrI zmIn gurU Gr nUM dydyxI[

BweI krm isMG 1914 nUM ihMdusqwn phuMc igAw[ au~Qy phuMc ky22 Agsq 1922 nUM 'b`br AkwlI duAwbw' nW dw A^bwr SurU kIqw

(108) (109)

ijs iv`c b`br AkwlI lihr hor pRcMf krn Aqy kukrmIAW nUM Aqysrkwr dy JolI-cu`kW nUM kukrm C`fx leI brW CwpIAW Aqy lukweInUM srkwr ivru`D hox leI pRyirAw[ kuJ smW ip`CoN jdoN krm isMG'ckrvrqI' j`Qy dy mu`KI BweI ikSn isMG gVg`j nUM imly qW BweIswihb v`loN id`qy gey suJwA nUM mMn ky Awpxy j`Qy dw nW bdl ky 'b`brAkwlI j`Qw' r`K ilAw[ ies ip`CoN ieh j`Qw AkwlI b`br lihr dwrUp lY igAw[ ie`Qy ieh g`l d`sxI zrUrI hY ik b`br AkwlI j`Qy dymYNbr AMimRqDwrI Aqy s`q bwxIAW dy in`q nymI sn[ ienHW dw jIvnlkS gurU Sbd, Shwdq Aqy AwzwdI sI[ srkwr ny iehnW nUMpkVn vwilAW leI ienwm r`Ky hoey sn[ puils hr v^q ienHW dwip`Cw krdI rihMdI sI[ AwKIr 1 sqMbr 1923 nUM bbylI ipMf 'cpulIs mukwbly 'c mrdW vWg jUJdy ShIdW dI &Oj iv`c Swml hogey[ jdoN kYnyfw iv`c ienHW dI ShIdI bwry ^br imlI qW BweIswihb dy bcnW 'qy pihrw dy ky kyvl aunHW dy nW dI zmIn hIgurduAwrw swihb nUM nhIN id`qI sgoN ienHW dy BrwvW BweI hrI isMGAqy suMdr isMG QWdI ny AwpxI zmIn vI dy id`qI[ smW pw ky gurUGr dI iemwrq ikauNik purwxI ho cu`kI sI ies leI sMgqW ny 1983iv`c nvIN iemwrq jo ik bVI KulHI Aqy AwlISwn hY dI iqAwrIkrvweI[

bVI mwx vwlI g`l hY ik wlsw dIvwn suswietI AYbtsPorfny ie`k sdI purwxI gurU Gr dI ivrwsq nUM Swn-Sokq nwl sMBwlr`iKAw hY[ sMn 2012 iv`c sO swlw mnwaux smyN kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRIstIPn hwrpr ngr kIrqn iv`c Swml hoey sn[ ies qoN pihlW31 julweI 2003 nUM kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRI jwn ikRscIAn ny gurU GrnUM rwStrI ivrwsq dw drzw id`qw[ aus smwgm iv`c swbkw au~ppRDwn mMqRI SIlw kMpsty DwlIvwl ny Swml ho ky ivSyS BUimkwinBweI[ kYnyfw srkwr v`loN ivrwsqI iemwrq dI sMBwl leI 5 l`K60 hzwr fwlr dI gRWt pRdwn kIqI[ ies qoN ielwvw ibRitSkolMbIAw dI srkwr ny srkwrI Kzwny 'coN 25 hzwr fwlr ByNtkIqy[

gurU Gr ivktorIAwsMq qyjw isMG cMgy pVHy ilKy, bu`DImwn, DrmI, ihMmqI Aqy dUr-

AMdySI s`jx sn[ iehnW dy XqnW kwrn hI is`KW nUM hWfUrs ByjxdI srkwrI swjS nwkwmXwb hoeI sI[ vkwlq pws hox dy nwqyienHW ny ie`k gory vkIl nwl imlky gurU nwnk mweIinMg AYNf tRstkMpnI rijstr krweI[ auprMq ie`k gory SrDwlU fwktr nYp rwhINis`KW dI irhwieS leI zmIn KrIdI[ ies qoN ielwvw FweI l`Kfwlr Adw kr ky kYloPornIAW ivKy sony dI Kwn dy ih`sy KrIdy[ sMn1912 iv`c ienHW ivktorIAw (ibRitS kolMbIAw dI rwjDwnI) iv`cpihly gurduAwrw swihb dw nINh p`Qr Awpxy h`QIN r`iKAw[ gurU GrdI auswrI leI coKw Dn vI id`qw[

ivktorIAw dy nzdIk hI srdwr myE isMG imnhws ny pwldIivKy 'pwldI is`K tYNpl' bxwieAw[ ies gurU Gr ivKy 1938 iv`cbhuq v`fw joV mylw vI hoieAw[ BwvyN myE isMG dy Akwl clwxyauprMq aus dw vswieAw ipMf A`j klH KMfr hwlq iv`c hY pr gurUGr TIk hY[ gRMQI isMG syvw sMBwl krdw hY Aqy mhIny iv`c do vwrsMgq juVdI hY[ ies auprMq kYnyfw dI DrqI 'qy smW pw ky AnykWgurU Gr hoNd iv`c Aw gey Aqy Aw vI rhy hn[ ieh gurU Gr sMgqv`loN iml ky vI bxwey hoey hn Aqy keI ivAkqIgq jW zwq-pwq 'qyvI AwDwrq hn, jd ik is`KI iv`c zwq-pwq dI koeI QW nhIN hY[in`jIpx iv`c lwB nUM mu`K r`iKAw jWdw hY Aqy zwq-pwq dI pRikRAwDVybMdI nUM auqSwihq krky kOm 'c vMfIAW pwauNdI hY[ sMgqI gurUGrW iv`c vI votW rwhIN cuxIAW jWdIAW pRbMDk kmytIAW vMfIAW dwmu`K kwrn bxdIAW hn[ idno idn vD rhI rwjnIqI, Dn dwpswrw, suAwrQpuxw, haumYvwd Aqy mn`muKqw vwlI iDM\ojorI gurUGrW iv`c guris`KI pRcwr dI QW pwrtIbwjI KVHI kr ky sMgq nUMidSwhIx bxw rhI hY[ ieh is`KI AsUlW Aqy rihq mirXwdw nUMA`KoN-proKy krky Awpxy bxwey v`Kry AsUl Aqy mirXwdw dI fug-fugI bjw rhy hn[

(110) (111)

ijs iv`c b`br AkwlI lihr hor pRcMf krn Aqy kukrmIAW nUM Aqysrkwr dy JolI-cu`kW nUM kukrm C`fx leI brW CwpIAW Aqy lukweInUM srkwr ivru`D hox leI pRyirAw[ kuJ smW ip`CoN jdoN krm isMG'ckrvrqI' j`Qy dy mu`KI BweI ikSn isMG gVg`j nUM imly qW BweIswihb v`loN id`qy gey suJwA nUM mMn ky Awpxy j`Qy dw nW bdl ky 'b`brAkwlI j`Qw' r`K ilAw[ ies ip`CoN ieh j`Qw AkwlI b`br lihr dwrUp lY igAw[ ie`Qy ieh g`l d`sxI zrUrI hY ik b`br AkwlI j`Qy dymYNbr AMimRqDwrI Aqy s`q bwxIAW dy in`q nymI sn[ ienHW dw jIvnlkS gurU Sbd, Shwdq Aqy AwzwdI sI[ srkwr ny iehnW nUMpkVn vwilAW leI ienwm r`Ky hoey sn[ puils hr v^q ienHW dwip`Cw krdI rihMdI sI[ AwKIr 1 sqMbr 1923 nUM bbylI ipMf 'cpulIs mukwbly 'c mrdW vWg jUJdy ShIdW dI &Oj iv`c Swml hogey[ jdoN kYnyfw iv`c ienHW dI ShIdI bwry ^br imlI qW BweIswihb dy bcnW 'qy pihrw dy ky kyvl aunHW dy nW dI zmIn hIgurduAwrw swihb nUM nhIN id`qI sgoN ienHW dy BrwvW BweI hrI isMGAqy suMdr isMG QWdI ny AwpxI zmIn vI dy id`qI[ smW pw ky gurUGr dI iemwrq ikauNik purwxI ho cu`kI sI ies leI sMgqW ny 1983iv`c nvIN iemwrq jo ik bVI KulHI Aqy AwlISwn hY dI iqAwrIkrvweI[

bVI mwx vwlI g`l hY ik wlsw dIvwn suswietI AYbtsPorfny ie`k sdI purwxI gurU Gr dI ivrwsq nUM Swn-Sokq nwl sMBwlr`iKAw hY[ sMn 2012 iv`c sO swlw mnwaux smyN kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRIstIPn hwrpr ngr kIrqn iv`c Swml hoey sn[ ies qoN pihlW31 julweI 2003 nUM kYnyfw dy pRDwn mMqRI jwn ikRscIAn ny gurU GrnUM rwStrI ivrwsq dw drzw id`qw[ aus smwgm iv`c swbkw au~ppRDwn mMqRI SIlw kMpsty DwlIvwl ny Swml ho ky ivSyS BUimkwinBweI[ kYnyfw srkwr v`loN ivrwsqI iemwrq dI sMBwl leI 5 l`K60 hzwr fwlr dI gRWt pRdwn kIqI[ ies qoN ielwvw ibRitSkolMbIAw dI srkwr ny srkwrI Kzwny 'coN 25 hzwr fwlr ByNtkIqy[

gurU Gr ivktorIAwsMq qyjw isMG cMgy pVHy ilKy, bu`DImwn, DrmI, ihMmqI Aqy dUr-

AMdySI s`jx sn[ iehnW dy XqnW kwrn hI is`KW nUM hWfUrs ByjxdI srkwrI swjS nwkwmXwb hoeI sI[ vkwlq pws hox dy nwqyienHW ny ie`k gory vkIl nwl imlky gurU nwnk mweIinMg AYNf tRstkMpnI rijstr krweI[ auprMq ie`k gory SrDwlU fwktr nYp rwhINis`KW dI irhwieS leI zmIn KrIdI[ ies qoN ielwvw FweI l`Kfwlr Adw kr ky kYloPornIAW ivKy sony dI Kwn dy ih`sy KrIdy[ sMn1912 iv`c ienHW ivktorIAw (ibRitS kolMbIAw dI rwjDwnI) iv`cpihly gurduAwrw swihb dw nINh p`Qr Awpxy h`QIN r`iKAw[ gurU GrdI auswrI leI coKw Dn vI id`qw[

ivktorIAw dy nzdIk hI srdwr myE isMG imnhws ny pwldIivKy 'pwldI is`K tYNpl' bxwieAw[ ies gurU Gr ivKy 1938 iv`cbhuq v`fw joV mylw vI hoieAw[ BwvyN myE isMG dy Akwl clwxyauprMq aus dw vswieAw ipMf A`j klH KMfr hwlq iv`c hY pr gurUGr TIk hY[ gRMQI isMG syvw sMBwl krdw hY Aqy mhIny iv`c do vwrsMgq juVdI hY[ ies auprMq kYnyfw dI DrqI 'qy smW pw ky AnykWgurU Gr hoNd iv`c Aw gey Aqy Aw vI rhy hn[ ieh gurU Gr sMgqv`loN iml ky vI bxwey hoey hn Aqy keI ivAkqIgq jW zwq-pwq 'qyvI AwDwrq hn, jd ik is`KI iv`c zwq-pwq dI koeI QW nhIN hY[in`jIpx iv`c lwB nUM mu`K r`iKAw jWdw hY Aqy zwq-pwq dI pRikRAwDVybMdI nUM auqSwihq krky kOm 'c vMfIAW pwauNdI hY[ sMgqI gurUGrW iv`c vI votW rwhIN cuxIAW jWdIAW pRbMDk kmytIAW vMfIAW dwmu`K kwrn bxdIAW hn[ idno idn vD rhI rwjnIqI, Dn dwpswrw, suAwrQpuxw, haumYvwd Aqy mn`muKqw vwlI iDM\ojorI gurUGrW iv`c guris`KI pRcwr dI QW pwrtIbwjI KVHI kr ky sMgq nUMidSwhIx bxw rhI hY[ ieh is`KI AsUlW Aqy rihq mirXwdw nUMA`KoN-proKy krky Awpxy bxwey v`Kry AsUl Aqy mirXwdw dI fug-fugI bjw rhy hn[

(110) (111)

gurU GrW 'c srkwrI dKl Aqy AKOqI ivdvwnBwrq srkwr is`K ivroDI nIqI kwrn pYsy dy zor nwl

gurduAwirAW iv`c Awpxy bMidAW nUM Ahudy idvwaux leI D`kySwhIkrdI hY[ ieh bMdy Awpxy Awp nUM siqvwdI Aqy nrm dlIey sdw kyAqy guris`KW nUM AiqvwdI Aqy grm dlIey grdwn ky sMgq nUMBrmwaux iv`c juty rihMdy hn[ ienHW dw mu`K mMqv cODrpuxw, guris`KWv`loN kIqy jw rhy is`KI pRcwr sMbMDI pl pl dI jwxkwrI Bwrqsrkwr nUM phuMcwauxw Aqy isrk`F is`K lIfrW dy nW kwlI sUcI iv`cdrz krvwauxw hI hY[ jykr koeI guris`K ipAwrw is`KI dy isDwqW,gurU is`iKAw, gurbwxI ivcwr Aqy is`K ieiqhws sMbMDI ivcwr rKdwhY qW ieh lok Boly Bwly lokW nUM Awpxy mgr lw ky aus iv`ruD jhwdKVHw kr idMdy hn[ aus nUM frw Dmkw ky Bjwaux dw Xqn krdy hn[AKbwrW rwhIN vI aus dw BMfI prcwr krvwauNdy hn[ g`l kIgurbwxI dy bolW Anuswr:

kljug AYsw psirAw swD n mwnY koaU]ienHW qoN ielwvw srkwr ny pVHy ilKy is`K jo Awpxy Awp nUM

ivdvwn sdwauNdy hn KRIdy hoey hn[ ienHW iv`coN keI auh hn ijnHW nygurbwxI dy iviSAW 'qy bwhrly dySW 'c pI.AY~c.fI. dIAW ifgrIAWkIqIAW hoeIAW hn[ Bwrq srkwr ieh jwxdI hY ik is`KW dwgurbwxI 'qy Brosw hY[ ieh lok ilKqW jW Awpxy BwSxW rwhINgurbwxI dw iKlvwV kr rhy hn[ gurbwxI jo ik Dur drgwhI hY,s`cI hY Aqy gurU Arjn dyv jI ny Awp BweI gurdws jI pwsoN sRI gurUgRMQ swihb jI AMdr drz krvweI ies dI Koj nUM mu`K rKidAWbhuiqAW ny Awpxy QIiss ies sMbMDI ilKy hn[ jykr KojI dy ivcwrDrm mirXwdw Anuswr shI hn qW aus dI Koj dI SwlwGw kIqIjWdI hY[ pr jykr Koj glq DwrwvW 'qy inrBr hY qW auh ivvwd dwivSw bx jWdI hY Aqy kOm dy ivdvwnW Aqy guris`KW leI icMqw pYdwkrdI hY[

ijs bwxI ny ienHW KojIAW nUM v`fy v`fy Ahudy dvwey, jIvnruzgwr id`qw auh ies bwxI bwry Awpxy igAwn dy bVy tyFy goly clwrhy hn[ ieQy tUk mwqr do iqMn ivdvwnW dI kIqI Koj bwry drswieAw

jw irhw hY[ fwktr ipSorw isMG ny 1991 iv`c torMto ivSv ividAwlyqoN pI. AY~c. fI. dI ifgrI hwsl kIqI[ aus ny Awpxw QIiss'Awid gRMQ dw mUl kQn Aqy Bwv ArQ' ivSy 'qy iliKAw[ ies qrHWfwktr guirMdr isMG mwn ny mUl mMqr dI ivAwiKAw 'qy Awpxw pI.AYc. fI. QIiss jmHW krwieAw[ ienHW dohW ivdvwnW dI Koj ny koeIslwhux vwlw q`q swr dyx dI bjwey ies nUM BMblBUsy 'c pwaux vwlwAMikq kr ky v`fw ivvwd KVHw kr id`qw[

fwktr gurUmyl isMG isDU ny 2010 ivc AwpxI pusqk 'AwidgRMQ qoN dsm gRMQ qk Akwdimk ivSlySx' kIqw hY[ fwktr isDU nyipSorw isMG vloN pMnw 92 'qy kIqw Kulwsw dy ky Awpxy ivcwr rKy hn:

1) Awid gRMQ dI sMpwdnw vyly gurU Arjn dyv jI ny do KriVAWdw Awsrw ilAw[ ieh hn goieMdvwl poQIAW Aqy KrVw nMbr1245 jo gurU nwnk dyv AMimRqsr ivSv ividAwly 'c ipAwhY[

2) gurU Arjn dyv jI ny bwxI iv`c suDweI kIqI Aqy ies nUMAwid gRMQ iv`c drz kIqw[

3) BgqW dI bwxI bwAd iv`c Bgq jnW dI SrDw dyK ky AMikqkIqI[

ies Kulwsy sMbMDI fwktr is`DU ny AwpxI kIqI itpxI iv`ciliKAw hY ik fwktr ipSOrw isMG pihly is`ty iv`c koeI Fu`kvIN KojrwhIN goieMdvwl poQIAW Aqy KrVw nMbr 1245 nUM Awid gRMQ qoNpurwxw nhIN is`D kr sikAw[ dUjy is`ty iv`c aus ny pVcol dIlwlsw ADIn, AwpxI ADogqI dw KUh Awp pu`itAw hY[ qIjy is`tybwry iliKAw hY ik ieh bwxI is`K ivcwrDwrw jW dwrSink p`Dr 'qyprK ky hI Awid gRMQ iv`c drz kIqI geI hY nw ik iksy mnu`KvwdIjW rwjnIiqk pRBwv ADIn[

fwktr is`DU ny A`gy iliKAw ik myry ivcwr ADIn p`CmIivdvwnW ny ipSorw isMG nUM ie`k h`Q-kMfw bxwieAw hY qW ik auhAwpxI ivcwrDwrw iksy is`K ividAwrQI rwhIN is`K m`q au~pr Tosskx[ ieh is`K ividAwrQI dw durBwg hY (pMnw 93)[ fwktrgurUmyl isMG is`DU ny fwktr guirMdr isMG mwn dy QIiss 'qy vI

(112) (113)

gurU GrW 'c srkwrI dKl Aqy AKOqI ivdvwnBwrq srkwr is`K ivroDI nIqI kwrn pYsy dy zor nwl

gurduAwirAW iv`c Awpxy bMidAW nUM Ahudy idvwaux leI D`kySwhIkrdI hY[ ieh bMdy Awpxy Awp nUM siqvwdI Aqy nrm dlIey sdw kyAqy guris`KW nUM AiqvwdI Aqy grm dlIey grdwn ky sMgq nUMBrmwaux iv`c juty rihMdy hn[ ienHW dw mu`K mMqv cODrpuxw, guris`KWv`loN kIqy jw rhy is`KI pRcwr sMbMDI pl pl dI jwxkwrI Bwrqsrkwr nUM phuMcwauxw Aqy isrk`F is`K lIfrW dy nW kwlI sUcI iv`cdrz krvwauxw hI hY[ jykr koeI guris`K ipAwrw is`KI dy isDwqW,gurU is`iKAw, gurbwxI ivcwr Aqy is`K ieiqhws sMbMDI ivcwr rKdwhY qW ieh lok Boly Bwly lokW nUM Awpxy mgr lw ky aus iv`ruD jhwdKVHw kr idMdy hn[ aus nUM frw Dmkw ky Bjwaux dw Xqn krdy hn[AKbwrW rwhIN vI aus dw BMfI prcwr krvwauNdy hn[ g`l kIgurbwxI dy bolW Anuswr:

kljug AYsw psirAw swD n mwnY koaU]ienHW qoN ielwvw srkwr ny pVHy ilKy is`K jo Awpxy Awp nUM

ivdvwn sdwauNdy hn KRIdy hoey hn[ ienHW iv`coN keI auh hn ijnHW nygurbwxI dy iviSAW 'qy bwhrly dySW 'c pI.AY~c.fI. dIAW ifgrIAWkIqIAW hoeIAW hn[ Bwrq srkwr ieh jwxdI hY ik is`KW dwgurbwxI 'qy Brosw hY[ ieh lok ilKqW jW Awpxy BwSxW rwhINgurbwxI dw iKlvwV kr rhy hn[ gurbwxI jo ik Dur drgwhI hY,s`cI hY Aqy gurU Arjn dyv jI ny Awp BweI gurdws jI pwsoN sRI gurUgRMQ swihb jI AMdr drz krvweI ies dI Koj nUM mu`K rKidAWbhuiqAW ny Awpxy QIiss ies sMbMDI ilKy hn[ jykr KojI dy ivcwrDrm mirXwdw Anuswr shI hn qW aus dI Koj dI SwlwGw kIqIjWdI hY[ pr jykr Koj glq DwrwvW 'qy inrBr hY qW auh ivvwd dwivSw bx jWdI hY Aqy kOm dy ivdvwnW Aqy guris`KW leI icMqw pYdwkrdI hY[

ijs bwxI ny ienHW KojIAW nUM v`fy v`fy Ahudy dvwey, jIvnruzgwr id`qw auh ies bwxI bwry Awpxy igAwn dy bVy tyFy goly clwrhy hn[ ieQy tUk mwqr do iqMn ivdvwnW dI kIqI Koj bwry drswieAw

jw irhw hY[ fwktr ipSorw isMG ny 1991 iv`c torMto ivSv ividAwlyqoN pI. AY~c. fI. dI ifgrI hwsl kIqI[ aus ny Awpxw QIiss'Awid gRMQ dw mUl kQn Aqy Bwv ArQ' ivSy 'qy iliKAw[ ies qrHWfwktr guirMdr isMG mwn ny mUl mMqr dI ivAwiKAw 'qy Awpxw pI.AYc. fI. QIiss jmHW krwieAw[ ienHW dohW ivdvwnW dI Koj ny koeIslwhux vwlw q`q swr dyx dI bjwey ies nUM BMblBUsy 'c pwaux vwlwAMikq kr ky v`fw ivvwd KVHw kr id`qw[

fwktr gurUmyl isMG isDU ny 2010 ivc AwpxI pusqk 'AwidgRMQ qoN dsm gRMQ qk Akwdimk ivSlySx' kIqw hY[ fwktr isDU nyipSorw isMG vloN pMnw 92 'qy kIqw Kulwsw dy ky Awpxy ivcwr rKy hn:

1) Awid gRMQ dI sMpwdnw vyly gurU Arjn dyv jI ny do KriVAWdw Awsrw ilAw[ ieh hn goieMdvwl poQIAW Aqy KrVw nMbr1245 jo gurU nwnk dyv AMimRqsr ivSv ividAwly 'c ipAwhY[

2) gurU Arjn dyv jI ny bwxI iv`c suDweI kIqI Aqy ies nUMAwid gRMQ iv`c drz kIqw[

3) BgqW dI bwxI bwAd iv`c Bgq jnW dI SrDw dyK ky AMikqkIqI[

ies Kulwsy sMbMDI fwktr is`DU ny AwpxI kIqI itpxI iv`ciliKAw hY ik fwktr ipSOrw isMG pihly is`ty iv`c koeI Fu`kvIN KojrwhIN goieMdvwl poQIAW Aqy KrVw nMbr 1245 nUM Awid gRMQ qoNpurwxw nhIN is`D kr sikAw[ dUjy is`ty iv`c aus ny pVcol dIlwlsw ADIn, AwpxI ADogqI dw KUh Awp pu`itAw hY[ qIjy is`tybwry iliKAw hY ik ieh bwxI is`K ivcwrDwrw jW dwrSink p`Dr 'qyprK ky hI Awid gRMQ iv`c drz kIqI geI hY nw ik iksy mnu`KvwdIjW rwjnIiqk pRBwv ADIn[

fwktr is`DU ny A`gy iliKAw ik myry ivcwr ADIn p`CmIivdvwnW ny ipSorw isMG nUM ie`k h`Q-kMfw bxwieAw hY qW ik auhAwpxI ivcwrDwrw iksy is`K ividAwrQI rwhIN is`K m`q au~pr Tosskx[ ieh is`K ividAwrQI dw durBwg hY (pMnw 93)[ fwktrgurUmyl isMG is`DU ny fwktr guirMdr isMG mwn dy QIiss 'qy vI

(112) (113)

itpxI kIqI hY[ guirMdr isMG mwn ny QIiss iv`c ieh is`D krn dIkoiSS kIqI hY ik 'hrshwey poQIAW' vwlw mUl mMqr gurU nwnk dyvjI dw hY jo kyvl pMj XujW (¡ scnwm krqwr) dw bixAw hoieAwhY[……ieMJ krky aus ny gurU nwnk dI id`b idRStI, AiDAwqmkAqy dUr AMdySI 'qy is`DI s`t mwrI hY (pMnw 116)…. ieh ie`k nwb^SI jwx vwlI Bu`l hY ijs nUM kcGrV Koj dy nW lw ky pI.AY~c.fI.aupwDI dI sr`vau~cqw vI rolI hY[ (pMnw 117)[

AYsy ilKwrIAW dI Koj iv`c koeI dm nhIN idsdw[ BweIgurdws jI ijnHW Awpxy h`QIN sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI iliKAw aunHW mULmMqr nUM cODW XujW vwlw ¡ siqnwmu, krqw purK, inrBau, inrvYrAkwl mUriq, AjUnI sYBM, gurpRswid] mMinAw hY[ ieh g`l is`DkrdI hY ik ieh AKOqI ilKwrI BweI gurdws jI dI ilKq nUM vIshI nhIN mMndy[ j`g zwihr hY ik Awid bIV is`K Drm dw pRmu`KAqy pRmwixk gRMQ hY[ pr pqw nhIN ieh cuMc igAwnI ies nUM S`k dInzr nwl ikauN dyK rhy hn Aqy Awpxw suAwrQ mu`K r`K rhy hnfwktr gurUmyl isMG is`DU ny AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 19-20 'qyiliKAw hY “jd gurU goibMd isMG jI horW DIrml dy pirvwr qoN'dmdmI bIV' iqAwr krn leI Awid gRMQ mMigAw qW aunHW nWh krid`qI[ ikauNik bwxI bhuq swry SrDwlUAW nUM zbwnI Xwd sI, dmdmIbIV iqAwr kIqI geI, pr aus dI pRmwxIkqw r`Kx leI bwbw dIpisMG ny krqwrpur Aw ky dmdmI bIV dI suDweI 'Awid bIV' nUMswhmxy r`K ky kIqI[ fwktr is`DU dw vI ieh m`q iblkul TIknhIN[

ieiqhwsk q`Q drswauNdy hn ik sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI nyDIrm`lIAW v`loN juAwb dyx 'qy Awpxy mu`K qoN aucwrn kr ky BweImnI isMG jI qoN dmdmI bIV ilKvweI[ auprMq BweI dIp isMG jIny ies dy keI auqwry kIqy[ fwktr is`DU dI ilKq qW drsw rhI hYik gurU jI ny is`KW qoN sux ky ijnHW nUM zubwnI bwxI Xwd sI dmdmIbIV ilKvweI[ Bwv smr`Q gurU jI dy ieh bwxI Xwd nhIN sI Aqyjo ilKvweI aus iv`c glqIAW sn Aqy glqIAW TIk krn leIBweI dIp isMG nUM krqwrpur ByijAw, ikqnI hwsohIxI Aqy iK`lIaufwaux vwlI Koj hY[ ieh lok gurU nUM Awm bMdw hI smJdy hn[ kI

gurU glqI kr skdw hY? gurU qW prmySr rUp hY[ gurbwxI dy bolpVHo, 'gur prmySr eyko jwx'] ijnHW ny Awid gRMQ bIV dyx qoN nWhkr id`qI sI kI auh BweI dIp isMG nUM dmdmI bIV TIk krn leIiezwzq dy skdy hn? AYsy ilKwrIAW ny hI dsm gRMQ dI bwxI dIpRmwxIkqw bwry Sor mcwieAw hoieAw hY[

Asl iv`c v`D piVHAw iliKAw bMdw qrkvwdI bx jWdw hYikauNik auh Awpxy igAwn dw hMkwr krdw hY[ ies hMkwr kwrnauh ikrq jW krn 'qy hI ruk jWdw hY krqy dI pCwx Bu`l jWdw hYijs ny aus nUM Akl b^SI hY[ ieh ivvhwrk jW sMswrI pVHweI ausnUM swkq (igAwn dI SkqI vwlw) bxw ky inrMkwrI ibrqI qoN hoVidMdI hY[ iesy kwrn auh mnmu`K ho ky SYqwnI vwly kMm krdw hYA`KrW dy joV-qoV Aqy igxqI-imxqI iv`c Ps ky Awpxy k`cy igAwndw pRgtwvw krdw hY[ auh AiDAwqmk p`K qoN QoQw hox kr kygurmuKW nwl vI DoKw krdw hY[ vwd ivvwd KVHw krky n&rq pYdwkrdw hY Aqy is`K sMgq nUM Btkxw 'c pwaux dw Xqn krdw hY[kihMdy ny ik ie`k vwr ie`k qrkvwdI AwpxI au~cI Akl dw pRgtwvwkrn leI dIvw bwl ky qur ipAw[ rsqy iv`c ie`k gurmuK s`jximilAw[ aus nUM qrkvwdI ny nIvW idKwaux leI svwl kIqw ikdIvy iv`c roSnI ikQoN AweI hY? A`goN gurmuK s`jx ny dIvy dI lwt 'qyPUk mwr id`qI Aqy dIvw buJw id`qw[ ies auprMq qrkvwdI nUMAwiKAw, “qUM ds hux roSnI ik`Qy geI”? ieh sux ky auh h`kw b`kwho igAw Aqy au~qr dyx dI bjwey A`gy qur ipAw[ gurU Amr dws jIny AYsy s`jxW nUM gurbwxI rwhIN smJwaux dw Xqn kIqw hY:

mwxu krih ij hau ikCu jwxdw gurmuiK inmwxw hohu]AMqir AigAwnu hau buiD hY scu sbdu mlu Kohu]hohu inmwxw siqgurU AgY mqu ikCu Awpu lKwvhy]Awpxy AhMkwir jgqu jilAw mqu qU Awpxw Awpu gvwvhy] (441)

SyK &rId jI ny Akl Aqy qIKx bu`DI vwilAW pRqI aucwrnkIqw hY:

PrIdw jy qU Akl lqIP kwly ilK nw lyK]AwpnVy igrIvwn mih isr nIvW kr dyK] (1388)

(114) (115)

itpxI kIqI hY[ guirMdr isMG mwn ny QIiss iv`c ieh is`D krn dIkoiSS kIqI hY ik 'hrshwey poQIAW' vwlw mUl mMqr gurU nwnk dyvjI dw hY jo kyvl pMj XujW (¡ scnwm krqwr) dw bixAw hoieAwhY[……ieMJ krky aus ny gurU nwnk dI id`b idRStI, AiDAwqmkAqy dUr AMdySI 'qy is`DI s`t mwrI hY (pMnw 116)…. ieh ie`k nwb^SI jwx vwlI Bu`l hY ijs nUM kcGrV Koj dy nW lw ky pI.AY~c.fI.aupwDI dI sr`vau~cqw vI rolI hY[ (pMnw 117)[

AYsy ilKwrIAW dI Koj iv`c koeI dm nhIN idsdw[ BweIgurdws jI ijnHW Awpxy h`QIN sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI iliKAw aunHW mULmMqr nUM cODW XujW vwlw ¡ siqnwmu, krqw purK, inrBau, inrvYrAkwl mUriq, AjUnI sYBM, gurpRswid] mMinAw hY[ ieh g`l is`DkrdI hY ik ieh AKOqI ilKwrI BweI gurdws jI dI ilKq nUM vIshI nhIN mMndy[ j`g zwihr hY ik Awid bIV is`K Drm dw pRmu`KAqy pRmwixk gRMQ hY[ pr pqw nhIN ieh cuMc igAwnI ies nUM S`k dInzr nwl ikauN dyK rhy hn Aqy Awpxw suAwrQ mu`K r`K rhy hnfwktr gurUmyl isMG is`DU ny AwpxI pusqk dy pMnw 19-20 'qyiliKAw hY “jd gurU goibMd isMG jI horW DIrml dy pirvwr qoN'dmdmI bIV' iqAwr krn leI Awid gRMQ mMigAw qW aunHW nWh krid`qI[ ikauNik bwxI bhuq swry SrDwlUAW nUM zbwnI Xwd sI, dmdmIbIV iqAwr kIqI geI, pr aus dI pRmwxIkqw r`Kx leI bwbw dIpisMG ny krqwrpur Aw ky dmdmI bIV dI suDweI 'Awid bIV' nUMswhmxy r`K ky kIqI[ fwktr is`DU dw vI ieh m`q iblkul TIknhIN[

ieiqhwsk q`Q drswauNdy hn ik sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI nyDIrm`lIAW v`loN juAwb dyx 'qy Awpxy mu`K qoN aucwrn kr ky BweImnI isMG jI qoN dmdmI bIV ilKvweI[ auprMq BweI dIp isMG jIny ies dy keI auqwry kIqy[ fwktr is`DU dI ilKq qW drsw rhI hYik gurU jI ny is`KW qoN sux ky ijnHW nUM zubwnI bwxI Xwd sI dmdmIbIV ilKvweI[ Bwv smr`Q gurU jI dy ieh bwxI Xwd nhIN sI Aqyjo ilKvweI aus iv`c glqIAW sn Aqy glqIAW TIk krn leIBweI dIp isMG nUM krqwrpur ByijAw, ikqnI hwsohIxI Aqy iK`lIaufwaux vwlI Koj hY[ ieh lok gurU nUM Awm bMdw hI smJdy hn[ kI

gurU glqI kr skdw hY? gurU qW prmySr rUp hY[ gurbwxI dy bolpVHo, 'gur prmySr eyko jwx'] ijnHW ny Awid gRMQ bIV dyx qoN nWhkr id`qI sI kI auh BweI dIp isMG nUM dmdmI bIV TIk krn leIiezwzq dy skdy hn? AYsy ilKwrIAW ny hI dsm gRMQ dI bwxI dIpRmwxIkqw bwry Sor mcwieAw hoieAw hY[

Asl iv`c v`D piVHAw iliKAw bMdw qrkvwdI bx jWdw hYikauNik auh Awpxy igAwn dw hMkwr krdw hY[ ies hMkwr kwrnauh ikrq jW krn 'qy hI ruk jWdw hY krqy dI pCwx Bu`l jWdw hYijs ny aus nUM Akl b^SI hY[ ieh ivvhwrk jW sMswrI pVHweI ausnUM swkq (igAwn dI SkqI vwlw) bxw ky inrMkwrI ibrqI qoN hoVidMdI hY[ iesy kwrn auh mnmu`K ho ky SYqwnI vwly kMm krdw hYA`KrW dy joV-qoV Aqy igxqI-imxqI iv`c Ps ky Awpxy k`cy igAwndw pRgtwvw krdw hY[ auh AiDAwqmk p`K qoN QoQw hox kr kygurmuKW nwl vI DoKw krdw hY[ vwd ivvwd KVHw krky n&rq pYdwkrdw hY Aqy is`K sMgq nUM Btkxw 'c pwaux dw Xqn krdw hY[kihMdy ny ik ie`k vwr ie`k qrkvwdI AwpxI au~cI Akl dw pRgtwvwkrn leI dIvw bwl ky qur ipAw[ rsqy iv`c ie`k gurmuK s`jximilAw[ aus nUM qrkvwdI ny nIvW idKwaux leI svwl kIqw ikdIvy iv`c roSnI ikQoN AweI hY? A`goN gurmuK s`jx ny dIvy dI lwt 'qyPUk mwr id`qI Aqy dIvw buJw id`qw[ ies auprMq qrkvwdI nUMAwiKAw, “qUM ds hux roSnI ik`Qy geI”? ieh sux ky auh h`kw b`kwho igAw Aqy au~qr dyx dI bjwey A`gy qur ipAw[ gurU Amr dws jIny AYsy s`jxW nUM gurbwxI rwhIN smJwaux dw Xqn kIqw hY:

mwxu krih ij hau ikCu jwxdw gurmuiK inmwxw hohu]AMqir AigAwnu hau buiD hY scu sbdu mlu Kohu]hohu inmwxw siqgurU AgY mqu ikCu Awpu lKwvhy]Awpxy AhMkwir jgqu jilAw mqu qU Awpxw Awpu gvwvhy] (441)

SyK &rId jI ny Akl Aqy qIKx bu`DI vwilAW pRqI aucwrnkIqw hY:

PrIdw jy qU Akl lqIP kwly ilK nw lyK]AwpnVy igrIvwn mih isr nIvW kr dyK] (1388)

(114) (115)

gurU swihbwn ny hMkwrIAW Aqy inMdkW nUM pSU, For, gvwrAwid iliKAw hY[ gurbwxI AMdr ieh vI drz hY:

piVAw mUrK AwKIAY jy mn nwhI igAwn]

ikauNik ivdvwn Awpxy Awp nUM v`fy igAwnvwn khwaux vwlydsm gRMQ dI bwxI nUM sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI dI ikRq nhIN mMndy[swihq AcwrIAw svwmI bRhm dyv audwsI ny AwpxI pusqk 'sRIdsm gRMQ swihb Aqy icRqro piKAwn' dy lyK 'pwxI iv`c mDwxI' dySurU iv`c iliKAw hY ik dsm gRMQ dI bwxI nUM gurU ikRq nw mMnx dy domu`K kwrn hn, ie`k swihqk nw-smJI qy dUjw isDWqk SMkwvW[ auhA`gy ilKdy hn ik swfy dyS dy pRis`D kvI, dwrSink, ivAwkrxvyqw, XogI rwj swDU BrQrI jI dw kQn ie`Qy Arz krnw zrUrI hY[

'sihqX sMgIq ivhIn, swkSwq pSU ivSwx hIn'[

Bwv swihq BrpUr kivqw Aqy sMgIq klw qoN Anjwx AwdmIpSU (igAwn qoN pCiVAw hoieAw) huMdw hY, auh vI isMg Aqy pUC qoNibnW[

svwmI jI pusqk dy pMnw 40 'qy ilKdy hn ik aunhW mnu`KW nUMnr pSU dI kotI iv`c hI smJxw cwhIdw hY ijhVy dsmyS ipqw vrgykvIAW dy Swh svwr dy swihq dI sUKm ivAMjnw nUM nw smJ kyauhnW dI kivqw dy mhwn guxW dI gihrweI v`l nw jw ky isr&inMidAw purwx dy slokW dw pwT krn au~pr hI l`gy hoey hn[….ijnHWau~pr iksy dI drd BrI Awvwz dw Asr nhIN , mwnvqw dy komlbolW dw igAwn nhIN, kwdr dIAW kudrqW dy nzwry vyK ky jo lokivsmwd ivsmwd nhIN ho au~Tdy, auhnW rshIx qy qrk dy pujwrIAWnUM BrQrI jI ny TIk hI iKqwb id`qw hY[

AYsy ilKwrIAW jW is`K kOm dy Awpxy Awp nUM ivdvwn khwauxvwilAW jo gurbwxI 'qy vI auNglI auTwauNdy hn pRqI guris`K jdoNienHW v`loN kIqI jw rhI Av`igAw nUM Akwl q^q 'qy iljWdy hn qWj`Qydwr Akwl q^q ienHW nUM Awpxw p`K pyS krn leI qlb krdwhY[ jykr pMj isMG swihbwn dI kmytI nUM ienHW v`loN kIqI jw rhIAv`igAw pMQ ivroDI lgdI hY qW auh Bu`l bKSwaux leI bynqIkrdy hn Aqy koeI nw koeI lweI szw pUrI krn leI AwiKAw jWdw

hY[ pr ieh hYNkVbwjI 'c Aw ky Akwl q^q 'qy pyS nhIN huMdy[AYsI hwlq 'c jdoN Akwl q^q v`loN ienHW nUM pMQ 'coN Kwrz krn dwhukmnwmw jwrI huMdw hY qW ieh isMG swihbwn ivru`D aUl-jlUl boldyhn[ Asl iv`c mYlw idl mYl hI augldw hY[ Akwl q^q swihbqW is`KW dI srv-au~c Adwlq hY[ Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIqisMG vrgy AnykW mhwn is`KW ny qW Akwl q^q swihb qoN AwieAwhukm prvwn kIqw pr ieh nhIN kr rhy[ bVI cMgI g`l hY prmwqmWny ienHW nUM vDIAw idmwg bKiSAw hoieAw hY[ so jykr ienHW bu`DIjIvIAW nUM prm q`q dw igAwn ho igAw hY qW auh siq krm zrUrkrn pr dUijAW dI SrDw nUM BMg nw krn Aqy kOm iv`c vMfIAWpwaux qoN guryz krn[ gurbwxI Anuswr pRBU dI pRwpqI bhuqI qIKxbu`DI, ikqwbW dy igAwn nwl Aqy cqrweI nwl nhIN huMdI[ ieh qWBolypx, SrDw, srl ic`q, suihrdqw Aqy sihj iv`c huMdI hY ijvyNDMny j`t bwry gurbwxI iv`c drz hY”Boly Bwie imly rGurwieAw] DMnysyivAw bwl buD'[ kI hoieAw ik jykr koeI D`ky nwl jW rwjnIqI dyshwry gurduAwry dw pRDwn vI bx jwvy[ pRDwn bx ky AwKy ik mYNies Ahudy leI Xog ivAkqI hW Aqy mYnUM gurU Gr dy kMmW dI pUrIsoJI hY[ Asl soJI qW gurU ikRpw sdkw hI pRwpq huMdI hY[ gurbwxIdy bol hn:

gur duAwrY soeI bUJY ijs no Awip buJwey] (1134)syvw, ismrx, pRym, inmRqw Aqy rihq iv`c ivcrky ijhVw

jigAwsU gurU dy hukm iv`c jIvn ibqwauNdw hY auh p`kw is`K hY[ bMdydy Awpxy bolW kwrn auh p`kw is`K nhIN bx skdw[ auh prmwqmwjwxdw hY ik kOx p`kw hY Aqy ikhVw k`cw hY[ gurbwxI rwhIN gurU jIaupdyS idMdy hn:

Awpy kir kir vyKdw Awpy sBu scw]jo hukm n bUJY Ksm kw soeI nru kcw] (1094)

pMQ dy vwlI sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI ny gur g`dI sRI gRMQ swihbjI nUM b^SI hY Aqy is`K pMQ dI vwg for pMj ipAwirAW dy h`Q id`qIhY[ siqgurU dw hukm hY jdoN vI ij`Qy ik`Qy Aqy kdy vI iqAwr briqAwr gurU mirXwdw iv`c p`ky pMj isMG gurU nwnk dy is`K nUM koeI

(116) (117)

gurU swihbwn ny hMkwrIAW Aqy inMdkW nUM pSU, For, gvwrAwid iliKAw hY[ gurbwxI AMdr ieh vI drz hY:

piVAw mUrK AwKIAY jy mn nwhI igAwn]

ikauNik ivdvwn Awpxy Awp nUM v`fy igAwnvwn khwaux vwlydsm gRMQ dI bwxI nUM sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI dI ikRq nhIN mMndy[swihq AcwrIAw svwmI bRhm dyv audwsI ny AwpxI pusqk 'sRIdsm gRMQ swihb Aqy icRqro piKAwn' dy lyK 'pwxI iv`c mDwxI' dySurU iv`c iliKAw hY ik dsm gRMQ dI bwxI nUM gurU ikRq nw mMnx dy domu`K kwrn hn, ie`k swihqk nw-smJI qy dUjw isDWqk SMkwvW[ auhA`gy ilKdy hn ik swfy dyS dy pRis`D kvI, dwrSink, ivAwkrxvyqw, XogI rwj swDU BrQrI jI dw kQn ie`Qy Arz krnw zrUrI hY[

'sihqX sMgIq ivhIn, swkSwq pSU ivSwx hIn'[

Bwv swihq BrpUr kivqw Aqy sMgIq klw qoN Anjwx AwdmIpSU (igAwn qoN pCiVAw hoieAw) huMdw hY, auh vI isMg Aqy pUC qoNibnW[

svwmI jI pusqk dy pMnw 40 'qy ilKdy hn ik aunhW mnu`KW nUMnr pSU dI kotI iv`c hI smJxw cwhIdw hY ijhVy dsmyS ipqw vrgykvIAW dy Swh svwr dy swihq dI sUKm ivAMjnw nUM nw smJ kyauhnW dI kivqw dy mhwn guxW dI gihrweI v`l nw jw ky isr&inMidAw purwx dy slokW dw pwT krn au~pr hI l`gy hoey hn[….ijnHWau~pr iksy dI drd BrI Awvwz dw Asr nhIN , mwnvqw dy komlbolW dw igAwn nhIN, kwdr dIAW kudrqW dy nzwry vyK ky jo lokivsmwd ivsmwd nhIN ho au~Tdy, auhnW rshIx qy qrk dy pujwrIAWnUM BrQrI jI ny TIk hI iKqwb id`qw hY[

AYsy ilKwrIAW jW is`K kOm dy Awpxy Awp nUM ivdvwn khwauxvwilAW jo gurbwxI 'qy vI auNglI auTwauNdy hn pRqI guris`K jdoNienHW v`loN kIqI jw rhI Av`igAw nUM Akwl q^q 'qy iljWdy hn qWj`Qydwr Akwl q^q ienHW nUM Awpxw p`K pyS krn leI qlb krdwhY[ jykr pMj isMG swihbwn dI kmytI nUM ienHW v`loN kIqI jw rhIAv`igAw pMQ ivroDI lgdI hY qW auh Bu`l bKSwaux leI bynqIkrdy hn Aqy koeI nw koeI lweI szw pUrI krn leI AwiKAw jWdw

hY[ pr ieh hYNkVbwjI 'c Aw ky Akwl q^q 'qy pyS nhIN huMdy[AYsI hwlq 'c jdoN Akwl q^q v`loN ienHW nUM pMQ 'coN Kwrz krn dwhukmnwmw jwrI huMdw hY qW ieh isMG swihbwn ivru`D aUl-jlUl boldyhn[ Asl iv`c mYlw idl mYl hI augldw hY[ Akwl q^q swihbqW is`KW dI srv-au~c Adwlq hY[ Syir-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIqisMG vrgy AnykW mhwn is`KW ny qW Akwl q^q swihb qoN AwieAwhukm prvwn kIqw pr ieh nhIN kr rhy[ bVI cMgI g`l hY prmwqmWny ienHW nUM vDIAw idmwg bKiSAw hoieAw hY[ so jykr ienHW bu`DIjIvIAW nUM prm q`q dw igAwn ho igAw hY qW auh siq krm zrUrkrn pr dUijAW dI SrDw nUM BMg nw krn Aqy kOm iv`c vMfIAWpwaux qoN guryz krn[ gurbwxI Anuswr pRBU dI pRwpqI bhuqI qIKxbu`DI, ikqwbW dy igAwn nwl Aqy cqrweI nwl nhIN huMdI[ ieh qWBolypx, SrDw, srl ic`q, suihrdqw Aqy sihj iv`c huMdI hY ijvyNDMny j`t bwry gurbwxI iv`c drz hY”Boly Bwie imly rGurwieAw] DMnysyivAw bwl buD'[ kI hoieAw ik jykr koeI D`ky nwl jW rwjnIqI dyshwry gurduAwry dw pRDwn vI bx jwvy[ pRDwn bx ky AwKy ik mYNies Ahudy leI Xog ivAkqI hW Aqy mYnUM gurU Gr dy kMmW dI pUrIsoJI hY[ Asl soJI qW gurU ikRpw sdkw hI pRwpq huMdI hY[ gurbwxIdy bol hn:

gur duAwrY soeI bUJY ijs no Awip buJwey] (1134)syvw, ismrx, pRym, inmRqw Aqy rihq iv`c ivcrky ijhVw

jigAwsU gurU dy hukm iv`c jIvn ibqwauNdw hY auh p`kw is`K hY[ bMdydy Awpxy bolW kwrn auh p`kw is`K nhIN bx skdw[ auh prmwqmwjwxdw hY ik kOx p`kw hY Aqy ikhVw k`cw hY[ gurbwxI rwhIN gurU jIaupdyS idMdy hn:

Awpy kir kir vyKdw Awpy sBu scw]jo hukm n bUJY Ksm kw soeI nru kcw] (1094)

pMQ dy vwlI sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI ny gur g`dI sRI gRMQ swihbjI nUM b^SI hY Aqy is`K pMQ dI vwg for pMj ipAwirAW dy h`Q id`qIhY[ siqgurU dw hukm hY jdoN vI ij`Qy ik`Qy Aqy kdy vI iqAwr briqAwr gurU mirXwdw iv`c p`ky pMj isMG gurU nwnk dy is`K nUM koeI

(116) (117)

gurmqw suxwaux aus dw Prz hY auh ies nUM svIkwr kry[ pMjW iv`cgurU prmySr dw vwsw hY[

rwjnIqI AMdr jbr hY pr Drm AMdr sbr hY[ rwjnIqI dwrsqw lu`t-Ksu`t vwlw hY jd ik Drm aupkwrqw isKwauNdw hY[rwjnIqI iv`c KRIdo Pro^q huMdI hY Aqy Drm iv`c mn vycx vwlw kMmhY[ rwjnIqk mnmuK huMdw hY pr DrmI bMdw gurmuK huMdw hY[ rwjnIqkAMdr cqrweI vrqdI hY Aqy ies dy ault DrmI iv`c Bolwpx AwjWdw hY[ ivky hoey SrwrqI, AfMbrI, suAwrQI, loBI Aqy hMkwrI bMdygurU Gr iv`c gVbV PYlwauNdy hn Aqy sMgq nUM qoVdy hn[ gurU nwnkny is`KI AMdr Drm dw bIj hI bIijAw hY kukrm dw nhIN[ iesleI kukrmIAW leI gurU Gr iv`c koeI QW nhIN ikauNik kukrmIivgwV hI pwauNdw hY, suDwr leI nhIN socdw[ auh cMgy nUM mMdw, KrynUM Kotw, DrmI nUM ADrmI Aqy pRymI nUM pwKMfI kih ky dUSxbwjIlgwauNdw hY, ic`kV su`tdw hY Aqy zihr augldw hY[ hor qW horgurbwxI 'qy qrk krky Awm lukweI nUM Brm 'c pw idMdw hY[ ieM\ijvyN juAwnI iv`c bMdw buFypy nUM nhIN smJ skdw Aqy bu`Fw hI buFypynUM smJ skdw hY[ so igAwnvwn gurmuK iPr kukrmIAW dy kwry dyKsuDwr leI iqAwr ho jWdy hn[

gurU Gr suDwr dy rwh 'qysmW kdy vI iekswr nhIN rihMdw Aqy ies iv`c qbdIlI

AwauNdI rihMdI hY[ ipCly kuJ smyN qoN kYnyfw dy bhuq swry gurU GrWiv`c suDwr dI lihr jor pkV geI hY[ sMcwr mwiDAmW ijvyN iktYlIivzn, ryfIau, A^bwrW Awid iv`c is`KI dy pRcwr kwrn lokweIAMdr gurmiq dIAW syDW, is`KI &lsPy qy AwdrS, rihq mirXwdwAqy gurbwxI dy igAwn boD bwry jwgrUkqw Aw rhI hY[ sMgq pVHIilKI hox krky gurduAwrw swihbwn dIAW pRbMDk kmytIAW, gurU Grdy vzIr ArQwq gRMQI isMG vI cMgy jIvn vwly, rihq mirXwdw dyDwrnI Aqy igAwnvwn r`Kx l`g peIAW hn[ ies qoN ielwvw pMQpRis`D kQwvwck, au~c kotI Aqy rwg iv`idAw dy mwhr kIrqnIey,cMgI kivqw dy rcxhwr kvISr Aqy FwfI klw dy mwhr FwfI ijhVybVy rOick Aqy idlkS FMg nwl pRsMgW nUM pyS krky sMgqW dy mnW nUM

kIl skdy hn nUM s`dw-p`qr Byj ky mMgvwauNdy hn[ AMimRq vyly qoN lYky Swm nUM 9 vjy q`k lgwqwr gurbwxI Aqy is`K ieiqhws sMbMDIprvwh cldw hY Aqy sMgqW AnMd mwxdIAW hn[

ikauNik is`KI syvw-syvkI, syvw-ismrn, siq-sMqoK, swdgI-sihj, sihXog Aqy srb`q dw Blw isKwauNdI hY ies leI ^ws krqIjI pIVHI leI kwPI gurU GrW 'c nOjuAwnW leI keI iksm dypRogRwm cwlU kIqy hoey hn[ ienHW iv`c pMjwbI skUl, gurmiq skUl,gurbwxI sMiQAw klwsW, XUQ drbwr, XUQ kYNp, kIrqn klwsW Aqyg`qkw klwsW Awid Swiml hn[ srIrk qMdrusqI Aqy b`icAW nUMniSAW qoN bcwaux leI KyfW ijvyN ik sOkr (Pu`tbwl), kb`fI,bwsiktbwl, vwlIbwl, Gol Awid v`l ^ws iDAwn id`qw jw irhwhY[ dsqwr ikauNik is`K dy sIs dw qwj qy iSMgwr hY ies leI smyNsmyN qy dsqwr bMnHx dy mukwbly krvwey jWdy hn Aqy bMnHx leIisKlweI vI id`qI jWdI hY[ kYnyfw iv`c keI nOjuAwn bIbIAW vIdsqwr sjwaux l`g peIAW hn[

is`K BweIcwrw ies vyly keI pycIdw smwijk msilAW nwljUJ irhw hY ijvyN ik GrylU lVweI JgVy, ivAwh auprMq mIAW-bIbIiv`c qoV-ivCoV, qlwk Awid[ ienHW msilAW bwry vI nvIN pIVHI nUMjwgrUk krn dI koiSS kIqI jWdI hY Aqy Awpxy s`iBAwcwr dyDwrnI hox leI pRyrnw id`qI jWdI hY[ kcihrI Awid 'c Dn lutwauxdI bjwey AwpsI smJOqw krwaux dy Xqn vI kIqy jWdy hn[ ishq–sMBwl leI SUgr, idl dy rogW qoN bcx leI, A`KW Awid dy kYNp vImu&q lgwey jWdy hn[ ies qoN ielwvw tYks, pYnSn Awid dy &wrmvI mu&q Brn dI syvw kIqI jWdI hY[ bjurgW leI qW gurU Grsvrg rUp hn[

kuJ lok ieh Sor mcw rhy hn ik ieqny gurduAwry bnwaux dwkI Pwiedw hY? pr Awpxy BweIcwry dI igxqI vDx krky b`icAW dyivAwh smyN AwnMd kwrj krvwaux leI buikMg vwsqy fyF-do swlpihlW kihxw pYNdw hY[ ieh bVI &Kr vwlI, guxvMq Aqy jcvIN g`lhY ik gurU GrW iv`c, ^wlsw skUlW jW is`K AkYfmIAW iv`c b`cyb`cIAW leI gurbwxI, gurmiq sMgIq Aqy is`K ieiqhws dI pMjwbI

(118) (119)

gurmqw suxwaux aus dw Prz hY auh ies nUM svIkwr kry[ pMjW iv`cgurU prmySr dw vwsw hY[

rwjnIqI AMdr jbr hY pr Drm AMdr sbr hY[ rwjnIqI dwrsqw lu`t-Ksu`t vwlw hY jd ik Drm aupkwrqw isKwauNdw hY[rwjnIqI iv`c KRIdo Pro^q huMdI hY Aqy Drm iv`c mn vycx vwlw kMmhY[ rwjnIqk mnmuK huMdw hY pr DrmI bMdw gurmuK huMdw hY[ rwjnIqkAMdr cqrweI vrqdI hY Aqy ies dy ault DrmI iv`c Bolwpx AwjWdw hY[ ivky hoey SrwrqI, AfMbrI, suAwrQI, loBI Aqy hMkwrI bMdygurU Gr iv`c gVbV PYlwauNdy hn Aqy sMgq nUM qoVdy hn[ gurU nwnkny is`KI AMdr Drm dw bIj hI bIijAw hY kukrm dw nhIN[ iesleI kukrmIAW leI gurU Gr iv`c koeI QW nhIN ikauNik kukrmIivgwV hI pwauNdw hY, suDwr leI nhIN socdw[ auh cMgy nUM mMdw, KrynUM Kotw, DrmI nUM ADrmI Aqy pRymI nUM pwKMfI kih ky dUSxbwjIlgwauNdw hY, ic`kV su`tdw hY Aqy zihr augldw hY[ hor qW horgurbwxI 'qy qrk krky Awm lukweI nUM Brm 'c pw idMdw hY[ ieM\ijvyN juAwnI iv`c bMdw buFypy nUM nhIN smJ skdw Aqy bu`Fw hI buFypynUM smJ skdw hY[ so igAwnvwn gurmuK iPr kukrmIAW dy kwry dyKsuDwr leI iqAwr ho jWdy hn[

gurU Gr suDwr dy rwh 'qysmW kdy vI iekswr nhIN rihMdw Aqy ies iv`c qbdIlI

AwauNdI rihMdI hY[ ipCly kuJ smyN qoN kYnyfw dy bhuq swry gurU GrWiv`c suDwr dI lihr jor pkV geI hY[ sMcwr mwiDAmW ijvyN iktYlIivzn, ryfIau, A^bwrW Awid iv`c is`KI dy pRcwr kwrn lokweIAMdr gurmiq dIAW syDW, is`KI &lsPy qy AwdrS, rihq mirXwdwAqy gurbwxI dy igAwn boD bwry jwgrUkqw Aw rhI hY[ sMgq pVHIilKI hox krky gurduAwrw swihbwn dIAW pRbMDk kmytIAW, gurU Grdy vzIr ArQwq gRMQI isMG vI cMgy jIvn vwly, rihq mirXwdw dyDwrnI Aqy igAwnvwn r`Kx l`g peIAW hn[ ies qoN ielwvw pMQpRis`D kQwvwck, au~c kotI Aqy rwg iv`idAw dy mwhr kIrqnIey,cMgI kivqw dy rcxhwr kvISr Aqy FwfI klw dy mwhr FwfI ijhVybVy rOick Aqy idlkS FMg nwl pRsMgW nUM pyS krky sMgqW dy mnW nUM

kIl skdy hn nUM s`dw-p`qr Byj ky mMgvwauNdy hn[ AMimRq vyly qoN lYky Swm nUM 9 vjy q`k lgwqwr gurbwxI Aqy is`K ieiqhws sMbMDIprvwh cldw hY Aqy sMgqW AnMd mwxdIAW hn[

ikauNik is`KI syvw-syvkI, syvw-ismrn, siq-sMqoK, swdgI-sihj, sihXog Aqy srb`q dw Blw isKwauNdI hY ies leI ^ws krqIjI pIVHI leI kwPI gurU GrW 'c nOjuAwnW leI keI iksm dypRogRwm cwlU kIqy hoey hn[ ienHW iv`c pMjwbI skUl, gurmiq skUl,gurbwxI sMiQAw klwsW, XUQ drbwr, XUQ kYNp, kIrqn klwsW Aqyg`qkw klwsW Awid Swiml hn[ srIrk qMdrusqI Aqy b`icAW nUMniSAW qoN bcwaux leI KyfW ijvyN ik sOkr (Pu`tbwl), kb`fI,bwsiktbwl, vwlIbwl, Gol Awid v`l ^ws iDAwn id`qw jw irhwhY[ dsqwr ikauNik is`K dy sIs dw qwj qy iSMgwr hY ies leI smyNsmyN qy dsqwr bMnHx dy mukwbly krvwey jWdy hn Aqy bMnHx leIisKlweI vI id`qI jWdI hY[ kYnyfw iv`c keI nOjuAwn bIbIAW vIdsqwr sjwaux l`g peIAW hn[

is`K BweIcwrw ies vyly keI pycIdw smwijk msilAW nwljUJ irhw hY ijvyN ik GrylU lVweI JgVy, ivAwh auprMq mIAW-bIbIiv`c qoV-ivCoV, qlwk Awid[ ienHW msilAW bwry vI nvIN pIVHI nUMjwgrUk krn dI koiSS kIqI jWdI hY Aqy Awpxy s`iBAwcwr dyDwrnI hox leI pRyrnw id`qI jWdI hY[ kcihrI Awid 'c Dn lutwauxdI bjwey AwpsI smJOqw krwaux dy Xqn vI kIqy jWdy hn[ ishq–sMBwl leI SUgr, idl dy rogW qoN bcx leI, A`KW Awid dy kYNp vImu&q lgwey jWdy hn[ ies qoN ielwvw tYks, pYnSn Awid dy &wrmvI mu&q Brn dI syvw kIqI jWdI hY[ bjurgW leI qW gurU Grsvrg rUp hn[

kuJ lok ieh Sor mcw rhy hn ik ieqny gurduAwry bnwaux dwkI Pwiedw hY? pr Awpxy BweIcwry dI igxqI vDx krky b`icAW dyivAwh smyN AwnMd kwrj krvwaux leI buikMg vwsqy fyF-do swlpihlW kihxw pYNdw hY[ ieh bVI &Kr vwlI, guxvMq Aqy jcvIN g`lhY ik gurU GrW iv`c, ^wlsw skUlW jW is`K AkYfmIAW iv`c b`cyb`cIAW leI gurbwxI, gurmiq sMgIq Aqy is`K ieiqhws dI pMjwbI

(118) (119)

Aqy AMgryzI iv`c isKlweI id`qI jw rhI hY[ iesy isKlweI dw iehnqIjw inkl irhw hY ik kuJ nOjuAwn isMG Aqy isMGxIAW jo kYnyfwdy jMmpl hn AMgryzI iv`c bhuq hI sohxy FMg nwl gurbwxI dI kQw,is`K ieiqhws Awid aucwrn krdy hn[ kYnyfw ivKy muK BwSw AMgryzIhox kr ky nvIN pnIrI leI ienHW dw ieh krq`v is`KI dI jwxkwrIleI sony 'qy suhwgy dw kMm krygw[ ies nwl kuJ nw kuJ b`cy iesivcwrDwrw nUM Awaux vwlIAW pIVHIAW dy mnW iv`c vsw dyxgy[Awaux vwly smyN AMdr ieh ivdvwn is`K m`q bwry goirAW nUM vIAMgryzI iv`c cMgI qrHW smJw skxgy ikauNik ienHW dw bolx dwlihjw vI kYnyfIAn FMg dw hY[ ies qoN ielwvw ieh v`K v`K dySW 'cDrm sMbMDI hox vwlIAW kwnPrMsW iv`c vI Bwg lY ky is`KI isDWqWnUM smJw skxgy[

A`j klH mwpy Awpxy b`icAW dI pVHweI sMbMDI kw&I iDAwndyx l`g pey hn[ ies dw mu`K kwrn cMgIAW nOkrIAW hwsl krnwAqy mzdUrI Awid DMidAW qoN KihVw Cufwauxw hY[ nwly hux swfwBweIcwrw TIk qrHW Awpxy pYr lw c`uikAw hY Aqy imhnq krn krkycwr pYsy vI kol hn[ purwxy bzurgW nUM qW Awpxw swrw jIvn kmweIkrn leI Arpn krnw ipAw[ Awpxy b`icAW dI pVHweI v`l auhbhuqw iDAwn nhIN sn dy sky[ pr AsIN aunHW dy BwrI irxI hW ijnHWny bVIAW GwlxW GwlIAW[

gurU GrW v`loN BwvyN v`K v`K purbW 'qy v`K v`K SihrW iv`c ngrkIrqn AwXoijq kIqy jWdy hn ijnHW rwhIN v`K v`K DrmW dy lokW nUMis`KW dI hoNd bwry ienHW v`loN mnu`K dI pihlI loV Bojn dI pUrqI leImu&q lMgr lgwaux bwry Aqy vMf Ckx bwry qW jwxkwrI hwsl huMdIhY pr is`KI dy isDWqW bwry qW gurU swihbwn v`loN bKSI gurbwxIrwhIN hI jwixAW jw skdw hY[ gurbwxI qoN ielwvw is`K ieiqhws joAqI vfmu`lw hY, bwry vI jwxnw Aqy dUijAW nUM jxwauxw zrUrI hY[

A&sos hY ik AsIN is`KI dy v`fmuly, vwsqv, ivl`Kx, vzndwrAqy v&w vwly ivrsy dy Awp vI AsloN vwrs nhIN bx sky ijskwrn dUijAW q`k ieh nhIN phuMcwieAw igAw[ gur is`KI srb`q dyBly, AmlI Aqy Asl jIvn leI gwfI rwh hY[ ies AMdr iksy

vI Drm dI ivroDqw nhIN hY Aqy nw hI koeI D`ky SwhI vwlw krm hYpr AsIN Awpxy Awp nUM is`K AKvwaux vwly ie`k dUjy dIAW l`qWiK`cx 'qy zor dy rhy hW[ loV hY ie`k dUjy dy nwl siqkwr, ipAwrAqy sdwcwr r`Kx dw[ jykr kuJ kOmI msly hn jW ivcwr iBMn hnqW ie`k QW bYT ky nij`T lYxy cwhIdy hn[ rOly gOly nwl qW Gcolw hIpYNdw hY, pRwpqI kuJ nhIN huMdI, sgoN kOm dw nukswn huMdw hY[ gurUnwnk dyv jI ny is`K nUM ie`k dy lV hI lwieAw, ie`k nUM iDAwieAwAqy eyky dw pwT pVHwieAw hY[

gurU GrW dy suDwr leI kuJ suJwA1) gurU GrW dIAW pRbMDk kmytIAW dI cox srb sMmqI nwl hoxI

cwhIdI hY[ ieh eyky dw v`fw sbUq ho skdw hY jdik votWvwlI kwrjkwrxI DVyvMdI pYdw kr ky eykqw BMg krdI hY[gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pMj ipAwirAW dI cox isr mMg ky kIqInw ik sMgqW qoN votW puAw ky kIqI[ votW rwhIN cox qW rwjnIqkWdw kMm hY[

2) gurU Gr AMdr mu`K mksd hI syvw, gurbwxI ismrx, is`Kieiqhws qy lukweI Kwqr praupkwr dw hY, ies leI kmytI dymYNbr gurmiq dI soJI vwly, gurU dw hukm mMnx vwly, SrDwvwnAqy inSkwm syvw krn vwly hoxy cwhIdy hn[ aunHW iv`c dUijAWpRqI pRym Bwvnw Aqy siqkwr hoxw cwhIdw hY Aqy s`c 'qypihrw dyx vwly hox[

3) gurU dI golk, 'grIb dw mu`K' hY[ gurU Gr dy cVHwvy dI vrqoNleI iemwndwrI bhuq zrUrI hY[ ies Dn nUM Awpxy iksysuAwrQ leI vrqxw zihr dy qu`l hY[ gurU Gr dI jwiedwdkoeI D`ky nwl hiQAwauxw cwhy qW muk`dmy leI KrcI jw skdIhY pr AwpxI pRDwngI Awid D`ky nwl kwiem r`Kx leIkcihrIAW iv`c KrcxI mwVI g`l hY[

4) is`KI dy pRcwr leI cMgy sulJy hoey, jIvn vwly, qzrbykwr,igAwnvwn Aqy nyk nIqI vwly pRcwrk bulwauxy cwhIdy hn[gurU Gr dy vzIr gRMQI isMG iv`c vI ieh gux hoxy zrUrI hn

(120) (121)

Aqy AMgryzI iv`c isKlweI id`qI jw rhI hY[ iesy isKlweI dw iehnqIjw inkl irhw hY ik kuJ nOjuAwn isMG Aqy isMGxIAW jo kYnyfwdy jMmpl hn AMgryzI iv`c bhuq hI sohxy FMg nwl gurbwxI dI kQw,is`K ieiqhws Awid aucwrn krdy hn[ kYnyfw ivKy muK BwSw AMgryzIhox kr ky nvIN pnIrI leI ienHW dw ieh krq`v is`KI dI jwxkwrIleI sony 'qy suhwgy dw kMm krygw[ ies nwl kuJ nw kuJ b`cy iesivcwrDwrw nUM Awaux vwlIAW pIVHIAW dy mnW iv`c vsw dyxgy[Awaux vwly smyN AMdr ieh ivdvwn is`K m`q bwry goirAW nUM vIAMgryzI iv`c cMgI qrHW smJw skxgy ikauNik ienHW dw bolx dwlihjw vI kYnyfIAn FMg dw hY[ ies qoN ielwvw ieh v`K v`K dySW 'cDrm sMbMDI hox vwlIAW kwnPrMsW iv`c vI Bwg lY ky is`KI isDWqWnUM smJw skxgy[

A`j klH mwpy Awpxy b`icAW dI pVHweI sMbMDI kw&I iDAwndyx l`g pey hn[ ies dw mu`K kwrn cMgIAW nOkrIAW hwsl krnwAqy mzdUrI Awid DMidAW qoN KihVw Cufwauxw hY[ nwly hux swfwBweIcwrw TIk qrHW Awpxy pYr lw c`uikAw hY Aqy imhnq krn krkycwr pYsy vI kol hn[ purwxy bzurgW nUM qW Awpxw swrw jIvn kmweIkrn leI Arpn krnw ipAw[ Awpxy b`icAW dI pVHweI v`l auhbhuqw iDAwn nhIN sn dy sky[ pr AsIN aunHW dy BwrI irxI hW ijnHWny bVIAW GwlxW GwlIAW[

gurU GrW v`loN BwvyN v`K v`K purbW 'qy v`K v`K SihrW iv`c ngrkIrqn AwXoijq kIqy jWdy hn ijnHW rwhIN v`K v`K DrmW dy lokW nUMis`KW dI hoNd bwry ienHW v`loN mnu`K dI pihlI loV Bojn dI pUrqI leImu&q lMgr lgwaux bwry Aqy vMf Ckx bwry qW jwxkwrI hwsl huMdIhY pr is`KI dy isDWqW bwry qW gurU swihbwn v`loN bKSI gurbwxIrwhIN hI jwixAW jw skdw hY[ gurbwxI qoN ielwvw is`K ieiqhws joAqI vfmu`lw hY, bwry vI jwxnw Aqy dUijAW nUM jxwauxw zrUrI hY[

A&sos hY ik AsIN is`KI dy v`fmuly, vwsqv, ivl`Kx, vzndwrAqy v&w vwly ivrsy dy Awp vI AsloN vwrs nhIN bx sky ijskwrn dUijAW q`k ieh nhIN phuMcwieAw igAw[ gur is`KI srb`q dyBly, AmlI Aqy Asl jIvn leI gwfI rwh hY[ ies AMdr iksy

vI Drm dI ivroDqw nhIN hY Aqy nw hI koeI D`ky SwhI vwlw krm hYpr AsIN Awpxy Awp nUM is`K AKvwaux vwly ie`k dUjy dIAW l`qWiK`cx 'qy zor dy rhy hW[ loV hY ie`k dUjy dy nwl siqkwr, ipAwrAqy sdwcwr r`Kx dw[ jykr kuJ kOmI msly hn jW ivcwr iBMn hnqW ie`k QW bYT ky nij`T lYxy cwhIdy hn[ rOly gOly nwl qW Gcolw hIpYNdw hY, pRwpqI kuJ nhIN huMdI, sgoN kOm dw nukswn huMdw hY[ gurUnwnk dyv jI ny is`K nUM ie`k dy lV hI lwieAw, ie`k nUM iDAwieAwAqy eyky dw pwT pVHwieAw hY[

gurU GrW dy suDwr leI kuJ suJwA1) gurU GrW dIAW pRbMDk kmytIAW dI cox srb sMmqI nwl hoxI

cwhIdI hY[ ieh eyky dw v`fw sbUq ho skdw hY jdik votWvwlI kwrjkwrxI DVyvMdI pYdw kr ky eykqw BMg krdI hY[gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pMj ipAwirAW dI cox isr mMg ky kIqInw ik sMgqW qoN votW puAw ky kIqI[ votW rwhIN cox qW rwjnIqkWdw kMm hY[

2) gurU Gr AMdr mu`K mksd hI syvw, gurbwxI ismrx, is`Kieiqhws qy lukweI Kwqr praupkwr dw hY, ies leI kmytI dymYNbr gurmiq dI soJI vwly, gurU dw hukm mMnx vwly, SrDwvwnAqy inSkwm syvw krn vwly hoxy cwhIdy hn[ aunHW iv`c dUijAWpRqI pRym Bwvnw Aqy siqkwr hoxw cwhIdw hY Aqy s`c 'qypihrw dyx vwly hox[

3) gurU dI golk, 'grIb dw mu`K' hY[ gurU Gr dy cVHwvy dI vrqoNleI iemwndwrI bhuq zrUrI hY[ ies Dn nUM Awpxy iksysuAwrQ leI vrqxw zihr dy qu`l hY[ gurU Gr dI jwiedwdkoeI D`ky nwl hiQAwauxw cwhy qW muk`dmy leI KrcI jw skdIhY pr AwpxI pRDwngI Awid D`ky nwl kwiem r`Kx leIkcihrIAW iv`c KrcxI mwVI g`l hY[

4) is`KI dy pRcwr leI cMgy sulJy hoey, jIvn vwly, qzrbykwr,igAwnvwn Aqy nyk nIqI vwly pRcwrk bulwauxy cwhIdy hn[gurU Gr dy vzIr gRMQI isMG iv`c vI ieh gux hoxy zrUrI hn

(120) (121)

Aqy ienHW dw siqkwr krnw bxdw hY[ pRcwrkW leI vIhdwieq hovy ik auh ies ik`qy nUM vpwrk nw bxwaux[ kIrqnAwid leI Dn imQx dI bjwey Bytw mMzUr krnI cwhIdI hY[sMqoKI pRcwrk leI gurU Gr iv`c koeI Gwt nhIN rihMdI[

5) is`KI 'c swdgI pRDwn hY, ivKwvy leI koeI QW nhIN hmySw is`KnUM sihxSIlqw Aqy sMjm vrqxw cwhIdw hY[

6) gurU Gr AMdr SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, AMimRqsr vloNivdvwnW pwsoN iqAwr krvweI rihq mirXwdw ApnwauxIcwhIdI hY[

7) gurU Gr nUM gurU Gr smJo vpwrk nw bxwau[

ieh ivcwr dws dy in`jI hn[ ho skdw hY bhuiqAW nUM psMd nwhox[ pr ienHW nUM ApxwieAW gurU Gr dy kwrj s&lqw pUrbk c`lskdy hn[ gurU kI sMgq leI ieh lwBkwrI Aqy auqSwh vDwauxvwly is`D ho skdy hn[ ienHW rwhIN iksy h`d q`k JgVy JyiVAW qoNbicAw jw skdw hY[ sMgq vI vDyry juVygI Aqy gurU Gr dI Awmdn'c vI vwDw hovygw[

7

pMjwbI bolI Aqy is`KW dI cVHqpMjwb vwsIAW dI mW bolI pMjwbI hY[ ijs qrHW sMswr AMdr mW

dw ruqbw bVw hI mhwn, Anmol, AlOikk Aqy ivl`Kx hY iesy qrHWpMj dirAwvW dI DrqI 'pMjwb AMdr’ ieh bolI bVI hrmn ipAwrIhY[ mW bolI bMdy dy ivkws, inkws Aqy igAwn dy pRkwS dw somw huMdIhY[ bolI hI kOmW dy ieiqhws, swihq, s`iBAwcwr Aqy ivrsy nUMpRgt krdI hY[ sMswrI AMkiVAW Anuswr pMjwbI 15 kRoV lokW dIzubwn hY Aqy jIvMq k`ul 6.9 hzwr bolIAW iv`c ies dw dsvW sQwnhY[ Bwv pMjwbIAW leI ieh gOrvmeI g`l hY ik aunHW dI bolIivksq Aqy AmIr BwSwvW 'coN ie`k hY Aqy ies dw Biv`K vIsunihrI idKweI dy irhw hY[

pMjwbI bolI BwvyN kw&I purwxI hY pr ies dy ivkws dw dOr^ws kr ky gurU kwl qoN AwrMB hoieAw hY[ gurU swihbwn ny sRI gurUgRMQ swihb jI pMjwbI bolI dI AwpxI suqMqr il`pI gurmuKI iv`cricAw[ ieh gurmuKI il`pI iv`c ilKI hoeI sB qoN pihlI Aqy mhwnilKq hY[ ArQwq ieh Awpxy Awp iv`c pMjwbI bolI dI nvIN il`pIeIzwd krn dw v`fw sbUq hY[ ivSyS g`l ieh hY ik inrMkwrI bwxIBrpUr ieh gRMQ smu`cI mnu`Kqw dw gRMQ hY Aqy sMswr AMdr kyvl qykyvl ies gRMQ nUM gurU pdvI pRwpq hY[ ies gRMQ AMdr hr ivAkqIleI s`c, nykI, syvw, pRym, praupkwr, pRBU BgqI Awid dw sMdyShY[ iesy kwrn A`j gurU gRMQ dw sMswr dIAW pRmu`K bolIAW 'cAnuvwd ho c`uikAw hY Aqy ho irhw hY[ ieh gRMQ pMjwbI SbdwvlI dwmwnoN smuMdr hY Aqy ies ny pMjwbI bolI nUM sdw leI surjIq krid`qw hY[ fwktr suKidAwl isMG Anuswr gurU swihbwn v`loN pMjwbIbolI nUM nvIN il`pI (gurmuKI) iv`c AwrMB krnw Awpxy Awp iv`c hIie`k ienklwbI kdm hY[ ieM\ pMjwbI dy ivkws iv`c is`KI ny bhuqhI mh`qv pUrn rol Adw kIqw hY[ ArQwq is`KI Aqy pMjwbI dwirSqw bhuq hI Ain`KVvW hY[ is`K pMjwbI kOm dw ie`k hirAwvldsqw hY Aqy mUl ibMdU hn[ Bwrq AMdr pMjwb ie`k KVg Bujw hY[

(122) (123)

Aqy ienHW dw siqkwr krnw bxdw hY[ pRcwrkW leI vIhdwieq hovy ik auh ies ik`qy nUM vpwrk nw bxwaux[ kIrqnAwid leI Dn imQx dI bjwey Bytw mMzUr krnI cwhIdI hY[sMqoKI pRcwrk leI gurU Gr iv`c koeI Gwt nhIN rihMdI[

5) is`KI 'c swdgI pRDwn hY, ivKwvy leI koeI QW nhIN hmySw is`KnUM sihxSIlqw Aqy sMjm vrqxw cwhIdw hY[

6) gurU Gr AMdr SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI, AMimRqsr vloNivdvwnW pwsoN iqAwr krvweI rihq mirXwdw ApnwauxIcwhIdI hY[

7) gurU Gr nUM gurU Gr smJo vpwrk nw bxwau[

ieh ivcwr dws dy in`jI hn[ ho skdw hY bhuiqAW nUM psMd nwhox[ pr ienHW nUM ApxwieAW gurU Gr dy kwrj s&lqw pUrbk c`lskdy hn[ gurU kI sMgq leI ieh lwBkwrI Aqy auqSwh vDwauxvwly is`D ho skdy hn[ ienHW rwhIN iksy h`d q`k JgVy JyiVAW qoNbicAw jw skdw hY[ sMgq vI vDyry juVygI Aqy gurU Gr dI Awmdn'c vI vwDw hovygw[

7

pMjwbI bolI Aqy is`KW dI cVHqpMjwb vwsIAW dI mW bolI pMjwbI hY[ ijs qrHW sMswr AMdr mW

dw ruqbw bVw hI mhwn, Anmol, AlOikk Aqy ivl`Kx hY iesy qrHWpMj dirAwvW dI DrqI 'pMjwb AMdr’ ieh bolI bVI hrmn ipAwrIhY[ mW bolI bMdy dy ivkws, inkws Aqy igAwn dy pRkwS dw somw huMdIhY[ bolI hI kOmW dy ieiqhws, swihq, s`iBAwcwr Aqy ivrsy nUMpRgt krdI hY[ sMswrI AMkiVAW Anuswr pMjwbI 15 kRoV lokW dIzubwn hY Aqy jIvMq k`ul 6.9 hzwr bolIAW iv`c ies dw dsvW sQwnhY[ Bwv pMjwbIAW leI ieh gOrvmeI g`l hY ik aunHW dI bolIivksq Aqy AmIr BwSwvW 'coN ie`k hY Aqy ies dw Biv`K vIsunihrI idKweI dy irhw hY[

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(122) (123)

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(124) (125)

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(124) (125)

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(126) (127)

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pihlW pihl ijhVy pMjwbI ie`Qy Awey auh Awpxy pYr jmwauxleI kMmW-kwjW iv`c ru`Jy hox krky b`icAW dI mW-bolI v`l bhuqwiDAwn nhIN sI dy sky[ pMjwbIAW dI G`t igxqI kwrn nw qWsrkwr Aqy nw hI koeI is`K j`QybMdI ny ies pwsy koeI kdmcu`ikAw[ prMqU hux pMjwbI dy pRvwh nUM ie`k qoN dUjI pIVHI v`l qornAqy ies dI aun`qI leI kw&I koiSSW jwrI hn[ kYnyfw 'c pMjwbIpqrkwrI, ryfIE, tYlIivzn qy pMjwbI mwiDAm dy rswly Aqy gurbwxIpRogRwm, kOmWqrI pMjwbI kwnPrMsW gurU GrW iv`c gurbwxI, kIrqn,kQw, kvISrI Aqy FwfI klw Aqy ngr kIrqnW rwhIN pRPu`ilqkrn leI v`fw Xogdwn pw rhy hn[ ies qoN ielwvw ^wlsw skUlW,is`K AkYfmIAW, is`K sMsQwvW Aqy gurduAwry swihbwnW, iv`c vIpMjwbI dI pVHweI 'qy zor id`qw jw irhw hY, iehnW XqnW sdkw hIibRitS kolMbIAw XUnIvristI, Pryzr vYlI XUnIvristI Aqy hor

AdwirAW iv`c pMjwbI dI aun`qI leI rwh p`Drw ho irhw hY [ kYnyfwiv`c pMjwbI KyfW ijvyN kb`fI, Gol, hwkI, g`qkybwjI, BMgVw, gIq-sMgIq Awid vI Awpxy pYr pswr rhy hn[ pMjwbI puSwk, Bojn AqyirSqy-nwqy vI pMjwbI dy pswr nUM vDw rhy hn[ so hux kYnyfw iv`cqIjw pMjwb bx cuikAw hY jd ik ie`k Bwrq iv`c Aqy dUjw pwiksqwniv`c siQ`q hY[

vYnkUvr kONsl ny jUn 2013 nUM ivswKI ngr kIrqn nUM isivkpryf AYlwnx nwl is`KW dI pihlI j`QybMdI, wlsw dIvwn suswietIdy ieiqhws iv`c sunihrI AiDAwie juV igAw hY[ kONsl pryf dy^rcy leI vYnkUvr pRSwSn v`loN isrP izmyNvwrI hI nhIN inBweIjwvygI sgoN Sihr dI bhu s`iBAwcwrk Aqy vMn-suvMnI sBw leIvYswKI dI pryf nUM nmUny vjoN pyS krygI[

prdys Aqy s`iBAwcwrprdys dw Bwv hY AwpxI jnm-BUmI C`f ky dUjy dyS jw vsxw[

prdys jwx dw mu`K mMqv Awpxy Awp nUM AwriQk p`KoN mzbUq krnwAqy cMgw jIvn ibqwauxw hI huMdw hY[ pr s`iBAwcwr dw sMbMD jIvnFMg nwl hY ijs AMdr vrqn ivhwrn dw vqIrw ie`k pIVHI qoNdUjIAW pIVHIAW q`k jWdw hY[ bMdw aun`qI hmySw is`Kx Aqy A`gwsuAwrn leI krdw hY[

pMjwb dI s`iBAqw bhuq purwxI, ivsmwdI, guxW BrpUr,AlOikk Aqy Anmol hY[ gurU nwnk dyv jI ny is`KI dI nINh r`K kyguris`K dy ivrsy nUM gurmiq dy isDwqW rwhIN roSn munwry dI inAweINieqnw pRPulq kr id`qw, jo rihMdI dunIAW q`k jwgrqI leI shwiekrhygw[ Awpxy r`bI bolW rwhIN gurU swihb ny is`K nUM svYmwn,AwigAwkwrI, AwcwrvMq, AwcwrIAw, AwdrSk Aqy AmlI jIvnibqwaux 'qy zor id`qw[ is`K nUM krm kWf, kurIqIAW, kUV ikRAwvWC`f mwx, Swn Aqy gurU igAwn BrI s`iBAqw dw sbk isKwieAw[suKI jIvn leI ieh aupdyS id`qw ik guris`K ny mwieAw dw gulwmnhIN hoxw sgoN mwieAw mnu`K dI gulwm hovy qW qyrI bMdKlwsI hoskdI hY[ mwieAw bMdy nUM hMkwrI, ivkwrI, iSkwrI Aqy loBI bxw kyzulm, zbr, byienswPI Aqy lu`t-Ksu`t krwauNdI hY[ ieh icMqw 'c

(126) (127)

pw ky duKI, rogI Aqy bycYn kr idMdI hY[ gurbwxI rwhIN is`K nUMprwey Dn qoN dUr rihx Aqy h`QIN ikrq krn leI ikhw hY Aqy nwlhI praupkwrI bxn dw aupdyS hY:

Gwil Kwie ikCu hQhu dyie]nwnk rwhu pCwxih syie] (1245)mUl qOr qy qW pMjwb dw siBAwcwr pyNfU ikswnI Aqy CotIAW

SRyxIAW dy lok hn[ Awpxy Awp nUM au~cIAW SRyxIAW dy khwaux vwlyqW rwjy, rwixAW ArQwq smyN dIAW srkwrW dy m`ddgwr sn[1699 dI ivswKI nUM gurU klgIDr v`loN ^wlsw pRgt krn smyN jogulwmI dIAW jMzIrW qoVn leI ie`k mhW ienklwb sI, au~cIAWSRyxIAW vwilAW ny AMimRq qW kI Ckxw sI sgoN gurU swihb dw ivroDkIqw[ auprMq phwVI rwijAW ny mugl hkUmq dw swQ dy ky gurU jI'qy v`fy hmly kIqy[ bMdw isMG bhwdr ny vI jdoN srihMd dI ie`t nwlie`t vjweI qW aus dw swQ pyNfU ikswnW Aqy CotIAW SRyxIAW vwilAWny hI id`qw[ iesy qrHW mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw is`K rwj vI ienHWny hI kwiem kIqw Aqy clwieAw[ brqwnvI hkUmq dI &Oj nUM jMgWXu`DW iv`c jykr BWj id`qI qW is`K &OjW ny id`qI[ qkrIbn swryieiqhwskwr ies g`l nwl sihmq hn ik pMjwb dy ivrsy nUM Korwl`gxw AMgryzI rwj qoN SurU hoieAw[ p`CmI s`iBAqw pdwrQvwdI,suAwrQI, Srm rihq, AiDAwqimk p`K qoN KoKlI Aqy vKryvyN BrIhY[ iehnW g`lW qoN ielwvw ienHW dI bolI, Kwx-pIx, pihrwvw, inRqklw qy sMgIq qy swihq swfy nwloN v`Krw hY[ ienHW v`loN ivksqkIqIAW bhuqIAW ivigAwnk KojW ny BwvyN mnu`KI jIvn suKwlw, su`KWBrpUr, su`hpx vwlw Aqy Swndwr bxw id`qw hY pr pMjwbI ivrsy dwmlIAw-myt kr id`qw hY[

tYlIivzn 'qy ASlIl iPlmW, pihrwivAW Aqy gIqW ny nvINpIVHI nUM kwmuk bxw ky kurwhy pw id`qw hY ijs kwrn A`j QW QW 'qyiesqrI dw SoSx Aqy blwqkwr ho irhw hY[ ieMtrnY~t aup`r nMgyzAqy kwmukqw p`CmI s`iBAqw dy vpwrIkrn dw nqIjw hY[ ivAwhSwdIAW, qlwk, lVweI-JgVy Aqy kut-mwr ho rhI hY[ mwpy prySwnIkwrn ibmwrIAW dw iSkwr ho rhy hn Aqy ivAwhuqw muMfy kuVIAW dyb`cy iblk Aqy rul rhy hn[ p`CmI vpwrIkrn kwrn cwry pwsyniSAW dw bol-bwlw hY[ mwipAW v`loN qn, mn Aqy Dn vwrky bVy

ipAwr, cwA Aqy mlwr nwl pwly b`cy niSAW dy gYNgW 'c Ps kyie`k dUjy nUM mwr rhy hn Aqy Awp vI mr rhy hn[

TIk hY gurUAW dy aupdyS sdkw pMjwbI bVy imhnqI hn[kYnyfw Awid bwhrly mulkW 'c Aw ky srIr qoV ky kmweI kr rhyhn[ ies kmweI sdkw ienHW qkVy kwrobwr sQwpq kr ley hn[zmInW, jwiedwdW, AwlISwn mkwn, kImqI qoN kImqI kwrW,motrsweIkl, tr`k Awid lY r`Ky hn[ ie`Qy ie`k pMjwbI dI qr`kIdI imswl id`qI geI hY[

myE isMG dI qr`kI dw isKr Aqy sMGwrmyE isMG imnhws huiSAwrpur ijlHy dy ipMf pwldI dw vwsI

1906 iv`c kYnyfw phuMicAw[ auh BwvyN bhuqw piVHAw iliKAw nhIN sIpr idmwgI qOr qy bVw cyqMn , qyz-qrwr, kMm p`KoN imhnqI, lgnvwlw Aqy PurqIlw, mn kr ky s`cw-su`cw Aqy iksmq dw blI sI[kYnyfw phuMc ky ieh ie`k gory dI im`l 'c kMm 'qy l`g igAw AqyqnKwh 30 fwlr pRqI mhInw imlx l`gI[ im`l dy mwlk gory ny iesdy kMm dI suihrdqw, iemwndwrI, smr`Qw Aqy kwrj-prxwlI nUMdyK ies dI qnKwh 75 fwlr pRqI mhInw kr id`qI jd ik ies dyswQIAW kpUr isMG Aqy duMmx isMG nUM 30 fwlr hI imldy sn[

kuJ smyN bwAd myE isMG ny ie`k kMpnI KRId leI Aqy aus dwnW 'myE itMbr kMpnI' r`iKAw[ pr iPr bdl ky 'myE brdrz itMbrkMpnI' r`K id`qw[ kMpnI dw kMm ieqnw c`ilAw ik mwl Fox leIim`l q`k rylvy lweIn iqAwr krvweI Aqy ij`Qy mwl lihMdw sI ausdw nW 'myE isMG stySn, pwldI' r`iKAw[ huiSAwrpur iv`c pwldIies dw j`dI ipMf sI[ ies dI im`l iv`c pMjwbI, jpwnI, cIny Aqygory kMm krdy sn[ dUjI sMswr jMg kwrn jpwnIAW dy jwx kr kyim`l dw kMm Gt igAw sI[ pr kuJ icr ip`CoN iPr cwlU ho igAw[

ies ny ivktorIAw lwgy ie`k zMzIry 'qy pwldI ipMf vswieAw[aus iv`c gurU Gr bxwieAw Aqy nW r`iKAw 'pwldI is`K tYNpl'[ gurUGr ivKy ies ny 1938 iv`c bVw v`fw joV mylw krvwieAw Aqy gurUdy lMgr lwey[ gurU Gr qoN ielwvw Awpxy BweIcwry dy rihx leI

(128) (129)

pw ky duKI, rogI Aqy bycYn kr idMdI hY[ gurbwxI rwhIN is`K nUMprwey Dn qoN dUr rihx Aqy h`QIN ikrq krn leI ikhw hY Aqy nwlhI praupkwrI bxn dw aupdyS hY:

Gwil Kwie ikCu hQhu dyie]nwnk rwhu pCwxih syie] (1245)mUl qOr qy qW pMjwb dw siBAwcwr pyNfU ikswnI Aqy CotIAW

SRyxIAW dy lok hn[ Awpxy Awp nUM au~cIAW SRyxIAW dy khwaux vwlyqW rwjy, rwixAW ArQwq smyN dIAW srkwrW dy m`ddgwr sn[1699 dI ivswKI nUM gurU klgIDr v`loN ^wlsw pRgt krn smyN jogulwmI dIAW jMzIrW qoVn leI ie`k mhW ienklwb sI, au~cIAWSRyxIAW vwilAW ny AMimRq qW kI Ckxw sI sgoN gurU swihb dw ivroDkIqw[ auprMq phwVI rwijAW ny mugl hkUmq dw swQ dy ky gurU jI'qy v`fy hmly kIqy[ bMdw isMG bhwdr ny vI jdoN srihMd dI ie`t nwlie`t vjweI qW aus dw swQ pyNfU ikswnW Aqy CotIAW SRyxIAW vwilAWny hI id`qw[ iesy qrHW mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dw is`K rwj vI ienHWny hI kwiem kIqw Aqy clwieAw[ brqwnvI hkUmq dI &Oj nUM jMgWXu`DW iv`c jykr BWj id`qI qW is`K &OjW ny id`qI[ qkrIbn swryieiqhwskwr ies g`l nwl sihmq hn ik pMjwb dy ivrsy nUM Korwl`gxw AMgryzI rwj qoN SurU hoieAw[ p`CmI s`iBAqw pdwrQvwdI,suAwrQI, Srm rihq, AiDAwqimk p`K qoN KoKlI Aqy vKryvyN BrIhY[ iehnW g`lW qoN ielwvw ienHW dI bolI, Kwx-pIx, pihrwvw, inRqklw qy sMgIq qy swihq swfy nwloN v`Krw hY[ ienHW v`loN ivksqkIqIAW bhuqIAW ivigAwnk KojW ny BwvyN mnu`KI jIvn suKwlw, su`KWBrpUr, su`hpx vwlw Aqy Swndwr bxw id`qw hY pr pMjwbI ivrsy dwmlIAw-myt kr id`qw hY[

tYlIivzn 'qy ASlIl iPlmW, pihrwivAW Aqy gIqW ny nvINpIVHI nUM kwmuk bxw ky kurwhy pw id`qw hY ijs kwrn A`j QW QW 'qyiesqrI dw SoSx Aqy blwqkwr ho irhw hY[ ieMtrnY~t aup`r nMgyzAqy kwmukqw p`CmI s`iBAqw dy vpwrIkrn dw nqIjw hY[ ivAwhSwdIAW, qlwk, lVweI-JgVy Aqy kut-mwr ho rhI hY[ mwpy prySwnIkwrn ibmwrIAW dw iSkwr ho rhy hn Aqy ivAwhuqw muMfy kuVIAW dyb`cy iblk Aqy rul rhy hn[ p`CmI vpwrIkrn kwrn cwry pwsyniSAW dw bol-bwlw hY[ mwipAW v`loN qn, mn Aqy Dn vwrky bVy

ipAwr, cwA Aqy mlwr nwl pwly b`cy niSAW dy gYNgW 'c Ps kyie`k dUjy nUM mwr rhy hn Aqy Awp vI mr rhy hn[

TIk hY gurUAW dy aupdyS sdkw pMjwbI bVy imhnqI hn[kYnyfw Awid bwhrly mulkW 'c Aw ky srIr qoV ky kmweI kr rhyhn[ ies kmweI sdkw ienHW qkVy kwrobwr sQwpq kr ley hn[zmInW, jwiedwdW, AwlISwn mkwn, kImqI qoN kImqI kwrW,motrsweIkl, tr`k Awid lY r`Ky hn[ ie`Qy ie`k pMjwbI dI qr`kIdI imswl id`qI geI hY[

myE isMG dI qr`kI dw isKr Aqy sMGwrmyE isMG imnhws huiSAwrpur ijlHy dy ipMf pwldI dw vwsI

1906 iv`c kYnyfw phuMicAw[ auh BwvyN bhuqw piVHAw iliKAw nhIN sIpr idmwgI qOr qy bVw cyqMn , qyz-qrwr, kMm p`KoN imhnqI, lgnvwlw Aqy PurqIlw, mn kr ky s`cw-su`cw Aqy iksmq dw blI sI[kYnyfw phuMc ky ieh ie`k gory dI im`l 'c kMm 'qy l`g igAw AqyqnKwh 30 fwlr pRqI mhInw imlx l`gI[ im`l dy mwlk gory ny iesdy kMm dI suihrdqw, iemwndwrI, smr`Qw Aqy kwrj-prxwlI nUMdyK ies dI qnKwh 75 fwlr pRqI mhInw kr id`qI jd ik ies dyswQIAW kpUr isMG Aqy duMmx isMG nUM 30 fwlr hI imldy sn[

kuJ smyN bwAd myE isMG ny ie`k kMpnI KRId leI Aqy aus dwnW 'myE itMbr kMpnI' r`iKAw[ pr iPr bdl ky 'myE brdrz itMbrkMpnI' r`K id`qw[ kMpnI dw kMm ieqnw c`ilAw ik mwl Fox leIim`l q`k rylvy lweIn iqAwr krvweI Aqy ij`Qy mwl lihMdw sI ausdw nW 'myE isMG stySn, pwldI' r`iKAw[ huiSAwrpur iv`c pwldIies dw j`dI ipMf sI[ ies dI im`l iv`c pMjwbI, jpwnI, cIny Aqygory kMm krdy sn[ dUjI sMswr jMg kwrn jpwnIAW dy jwx kr kyim`l dw kMm Gt igAw sI[ pr kuJ icr ip`CoN iPr cwlU ho igAw[

ies ny ivktorIAw lwgy ie`k zMzIry 'qy pwldI ipMf vswieAw[aus iv`c gurU Gr bxwieAw Aqy nW r`iKAw 'pwldI is`K tYNpl'[ gurUGr ivKy ies ny 1938 iv`c bVw v`fw joV mylw krvwieAw Aqy gurUdy lMgr lwey[ gurU Gr qoN ielwvw Awpxy BweIcwry dy rihx leI

(128) (129)

100 dy krIb Gr iqAwr krvwey , skUl bxvwieAw, b`icAW AqybzurgW leI pwrk iqAwr krvwieAw Aqy KyfW dw vI pRbMD kIqw[

myE isMG A`q drzy dw praupkwrI sI[ ijhVy pMjwbI BweIkYnyfw iv`c AXog FMg nwl dwKl hoey sn aunHW nUM im`l iv`c nOkrI vIid`qI hoeI sI Aqy irhwieS leI mkwn vI bxw id`qy sn[ hr ie`kdy Gr iv`c du`D leI gwaUAW r`KIAW hoeIAW sn Aqy suAwxIAWpMjwb dI qrHW du`D irVkdIAW sn[ sMn 1948 iv`c Bwrq dw pRDwnmMqRI jvwhr lwl nihrU vI pwldI ivKy AwieAw sI[ myE isMG dycwr lVky hoey Aqy ie`k lVkI sI[ cwrW 'coN do lVky qW cVHweI krgey sn Aqy dUjy dohW 'c v`fw rwijMdI myE Aqy Cotw imMdI myE sI[rwijMdI ny gorI nwl ivAwh krwieAw ijs dw nW jOhn myE sI[

myE isMG 1955 iv`c pRlok suDwr igAw[ aus vkq aus pws dojhwz sn Aqy AMqW dI jwiedwd sI[ pr dovyN lVky AYsI AYSo-ieSrq iv`c pY gey ik ipqw dI jwiedwd dw tYks srkwr nUM dyx qoNvI AsmrQ sn[ sB kuJ jWdw dyK myE isMG dI lVkI dy pqI nytYks auqwr ky kw&I jwiedwd Awpxy nW krvw leI[ hux myE isMGdI cOQI pIVHI c`l rhI hY Aqy v`fy lVky dI pqnI jOhn myE isMGAjy ijMdw hY[ pwldI ipMf qkrIbn KMfr bx c`uikAw hY pr gurU GrmOjUd hY[ gRMQI isMG svyr Swm syvw krdw hY Aqy mhIny 'c do vwrsMgq juVdI hY[ is`K j`QybMdIAW v`loN hux myE isMG dy ipMf pwldI nUMiPr qoN pRPu`lq krn leI koiSS kIqI jw rhI hY[

myE isMG dI ieh gwQw aus dI idmwgI klw, s^q imhnq,BweIcwry Aqy gurU pRqI sdBwvnw nUM qW drswauNdI hY pr aus nykmweI nUM mu`K r`iKAw Aqy Awpxy b`icAW dI iv`idAw Aqy dyK-Bwlv`l cMgw iDAwn nhIN id`qw[ ijs kwrn b`cy lwiek nhIN inkly[bwp dI kmweI dyK Awp h`QIN kMm krn qoN vWJy rihx kr ky aus dIbxweI jwiedwd vI h`QoN guAw bYTy[ bMdy dI kIqI kmweI vI qW hIs&l hY jykr b`icAW v`l cMgw iDAwn id`qw jwvy[ aunHW nUM pVHweI,h`QIN kMm krn Aqy Awpxw &rz pCwnx leI pRyrnw id`qI jwvy[ gorylok ienHW g`lW kwrn hI kwmXwb hn[

prdys Aqy irSqySwdI auprMq bMdy dw sB qoN nzdIkI irSqw aus dI pqnI huMdI

hY[ pihlW pihl ieh irSqw bxwaux leI muMfy Aqy kuVI dy mwqw-ipqw Aqy prvwrW dy jIAW v`loN bhuq GoK pVqwl kr ky kIqw jWdwsI[ ies dw mu`K kwrn ieh sI ik ieh jIvn Br leI inBx vwlwirSqw hY[ ie`kV-du`kV GtnwvW nUM C`f pMjwb AMdr pqI pqnI dwirSqw TIk hI inBdw irhw[ p`Cm iv`c ieh Awm khwvq hY ik ie`QyiqMn fblXU (W) Weather (mOsm), Wife (pqnI) Aqy Work (kMm),bMdy nUM bVw pRBwvq krdy hn ikauNik pqw nhIN ienHW 'c kdoN bdlwvAw jwvy[ pr dyKx nUM imldw hY ik swfy BweIcwry 'qy ie`k hor cOQwfblXU (W) vI bVw pRBwv pw irhw hY[ auh hY Wealth (Dn) dIpRwpqI[ h`QIN kwr kr ky Dn kmwauxw koeI mwVI g`l nhIN hY[ gurUswihb ny Drm dI kmweI krn leI is`K nUM pRyrxw id`qI hY Aqy nwlhI sbr sMqoK r`Kx dw aupdyS hY[

hYrwnI dI g`l hY ik ieh kYnyfw phuMc ky, coKw Dn joV ky vInhIN r`jy[ ijs ivrsy dy AMdr irSqy leI DI dw dwn bVw mhwnmMinAw jWdw sI Aqy DI dy Gr dw pwxI pIx qoN vI lok kMnIkqrwauNdy sI[ A`j aus ivrsy dI iK`lI aufweI jw rhI hY[ pihlWpihl kYnyfw vwsI Awpxy lVky jW lVkI dw ivAwh krn jdoNAwpxI mwqBUmI jWdy sn qW lVky leI pVHI ilKI, suMdr Aqy lMbI-lM\I kuVI dI mMg krdy sn Aqy nwl kihMdy sn ik jM\ dI cMgI syvwhoxI cwhIdI hY[ lVkI dy ivAwh leI auh piVHAw iliKAw, k`d-kwT vwlw Aqy kwmw muMfw Bwldy sn[ pr A`j klH ienHW mMgW qoNielwvw l`KW 'c Dn dI mMg vI r`KI jWdI hY[ suxn muqwbk 40 l`KqoN 70-80 l`K q`k sOdw huMdw hY[ pr Aijhy sOidAW kwrn is`ty bVymwVy inkl rhy hn[ AKbwrW, tYlIivzn, ryfIE Awid 'qy in`qAijhIAW ^brW pVHn jW suxn nUM imldIAW hn ik PlwixAW dInv-ivAwhI nUMh Awpxy shury prvwr dy mYNbrW nUM jo aus nUM eyArport 'qy suAwgq vjoN lYx gey qW auh hYlo kihMdI hoeI Awpxy iksyirSqydwr nwl clI geI jW Awpxy iksy swQI nwl clI geI[ jdoNshury prvwr vwly iksy rwhIN aus pwsoN ies dw kwrn jwxn dI

(130) (131)

100 dy krIb Gr iqAwr krvwey , skUl bxvwieAw, b`icAW AqybzurgW leI pwrk iqAwr krvwieAw Aqy KyfW dw vI pRbMD kIqw[

myE isMG A`q drzy dw praupkwrI sI[ ijhVy pMjwbI BweIkYnyfw iv`c AXog FMg nwl dwKl hoey sn aunHW nUM im`l iv`c nOkrI vIid`qI hoeI sI Aqy irhwieS leI mkwn vI bxw id`qy sn[ hr ie`kdy Gr iv`c du`D leI gwaUAW r`KIAW hoeIAW sn Aqy suAwxIAWpMjwb dI qrHW du`D irVkdIAW sn[ sMn 1948 iv`c Bwrq dw pRDwnmMqRI jvwhr lwl nihrU vI pwldI ivKy AwieAw sI[ myE isMG dycwr lVky hoey Aqy ie`k lVkI sI[ cwrW 'coN do lVky qW cVHweI krgey sn Aqy dUjy dohW 'c v`fw rwijMdI myE Aqy Cotw imMdI myE sI[rwijMdI ny gorI nwl ivAwh krwieAw ijs dw nW jOhn myE sI[

myE isMG 1955 iv`c pRlok suDwr igAw[ aus vkq aus pws dojhwz sn Aqy AMqW dI jwiedwd sI[ pr dovyN lVky AYsI AYSo-ieSrq iv`c pY gey ik ipqw dI jwiedwd dw tYks srkwr nUM dyx qoNvI AsmrQ sn[ sB kuJ jWdw dyK myE isMG dI lVkI dy pqI nytYks auqwr ky kw&I jwiedwd Awpxy nW krvw leI[ hux myE isMGdI cOQI pIVHI c`l rhI hY Aqy v`fy lVky dI pqnI jOhn myE isMGAjy ijMdw hY[ pwldI ipMf qkrIbn KMfr bx c`uikAw hY pr gurU GrmOjUd hY[ gRMQI isMG svyr Swm syvw krdw hY Aqy mhIny 'c do vwrsMgq juVdI hY[ is`K j`QybMdIAW v`loN hux myE isMG dy ipMf pwldI nUMiPr qoN pRPu`lq krn leI koiSS kIqI jw rhI hY[

myE isMG dI ieh gwQw aus dI idmwgI klw, s^q imhnq,BweIcwry Aqy gurU pRqI sdBwvnw nUM qW drswauNdI hY pr aus nykmweI nUM mu`K r`iKAw Aqy Awpxy b`icAW dI iv`idAw Aqy dyK-Bwlv`l cMgw iDAwn nhIN id`qw[ ijs kwrn b`cy lwiek nhIN inkly[bwp dI kmweI dyK Awp h`QIN kMm krn qoN vWJy rihx kr ky aus dIbxweI jwiedwd vI h`QoN guAw bYTy[ bMdy dI kIqI kmweI vI qW hIs&l hY jykr b`icAW v`l cMgw iDAwn id`qw jwvy[ aunHW nUM pVHweI,h`QIN kMm krn Aqy Awpxw &rz pCwnx leI pRyrnw id`qI jwvy[ gorylok ienHW g`lW kwrn hI kwmXwb hn[

prdys Aqy irSqySwdI auprMq bMdy dw sB qoN nzdIkI irSqw aus dI pqnI huMdI

hY[ pihlW pihl ieh irSqw bxwaux leI muMfy Aqy kuVI dy mwqw-ipqw Aqy prvwrW dy jIAW v`loN bhuq GoK pVqwl kr ky kIqw jWdwsI[ ies dw mu`K kwrn ieh sI ik ieh jIvn Br leI inBx vwlwirSqw hY[ ie`kV-du`kV GtnwvW nUM C`f pMjwb AMdr pqI pqnI dwirSqw TIk hI inBdw irhw[ p`Cm iv`c ieh Awm khwvq hY ik ie`QyiqMn fblXU (W) Weather (mOsm), Wife (pqnI) Aqy Work (kMm),bMdy nUM bVw pRBwvq krdy hn ikauNik pqw nhIN ienHW 'c kdoN bdlwvAw jwvy[ pr dyKx nUM imldw hY ik swfy BweIcwry 'qy ie`k hor cOQwfblXU (W) vI bVw pRBwv pw irhw hY[ auh hY Wealth (Dn) dIpRwpqI[ h`QIN kwr kr ky Dn kmwauxw koeI mwVI g`l nhIN hY[ gurUswihb ny Drm dI kmweI krn leI is`K nUM pRyrxw id`qI hY Aqy nwlhI sbr sMqoK r`Kx dw aupdyS hY[

hYrwnI dI g`l hY ik ieh kYnyfw phuMc ky, coKw Dn joV ky vInhIN r`jy[ ijs ivrsy dy AMdr irSqy leI DI dw dwn bVw mhwnmMinAw jWdw sI Aqy DI dy Gr dw pwxI pIx qoN vI lok kMnIkqrwauNdy sI[ A`j aus ivrsy dI iK`lI aufweI jw rhI hY[ pihlWpihl kYnyfw vwsI Awpxy lVky jW lVkI dw ivAwh krn jdoNAwpxI mwqBUmI jWdy sn qW lVky leI pVHI ilKI, suMdr Aqy lMbI-lM\I kuVI dI mMg krdy sn Aqy nwl kihMdy sn ik jM\ dI cMgI syvwhoxI cwhIdI hY[ lVkI dy ivAwh leI auh piVHAw iliKAw, k`d-kwT vwlw Aqy kwmw muMfw Bwldy sn[ pr A`j klH ienHW mMgW qoNielwvw l`KW 'c Dn dI mMg vI r`KI jWdI hY[ suxn muqwbk 40 l`KqoN 70-80 l`K q`k sOdw huMdw hY[ pr Aijhy sOidAW kwrn is`ty bVymwVy inkl rhy hn[ AKbwrW, tYlIivzn, ryfIE Awid 'qy in`qAijhIAW ^brW pVHn jW suxn nUM imldIAW hn ik PlwixAW dInv-ivAwhI nUMh Awpxy shury prvwr dy mYNbrW nUM jo aus nUM eyArport 'qy suAwgq vjoN lYx gey qW auh hYlo kihMdI hoeI Awpxy iksyirSqydwr nwl clI geI jW Awpxy iksy swQI nwl clI geI[ jdoNshury prvwr vwly iksy rwhIN aus pwsoN ies dw kwrn jwxn dI

(130) (131)

koiSS krdy hn qW auh kihMdI hY qusIN mYnUM ie`Qy mMgvw ky myry 'qykoeI Aihswn nhIN kIqw myry mwipAW ny v`fI rkm ^rc ky ie`QyphuMcwieAw hY[ jykr auh shury Gr phuMc vI jWdI hY qW kuJ smyNbwAd lVky lVkI iv`c qoV-ivCoV Aqy qlwk q`k kMm phuMc jWdwhY[ ies qrHW kYnyfw dy jMmpl lVky lVikAW goirAW vWg qlwkAwid nUM mwmUlI g`l igxdy hn[ ie`QoN dw kwnUMn vI ies sMbMD iv`cnrm hox krky swfy lok ies dw Pwiedw auTw rhy hn[ Dn kmwauxleI do iqMn vwrI ivAwh krwaux nUM ie`k DMdw bxw ilAw hY[ ivAwhkrn krwaux leI ivrwsqI kwiedy kwnUMnW nUM iC`ky tMg ky ieqnIAWnyVy dIAW irSqydwrIAW iv`c muMfy kuVIAW dy ivAwh kr rhy hn ijnHWbwry soicAw vI nhIN jw skdw[ JUTy-mUTy Aqy k`cy ivAwh vI rcweyjw rhy hn[ bhuq swry mwpy Awp bwhr jwx dI lwlsw iv`c AwpxIAWau~c-iv`idAw hwsl kIqIAW bytIAW nUM G`t pVHy ilKy kYnyfw dy jMmpl jW kYnyfw 'c rih rhy lVikAW nwl ivAwh kr idMdy hn[ keIvwr auh ies leI lVkI lVky dI aumr dy v`fy AMqr nUM vI A`KoN-proKy kr idMdy hn[ ieh sB kuJ qlwk dw kwrn bxdy hn[ iehkhwxI qlwk 'qy hI ^qm nhIN huMdI[ ie`k dUjy dI ku`t-kutweI,mwr-mrweI Aqy Awqm-hiqAwvW nUM jnm idMdI hY, b`cy rul jWdyhn, mwpy, BYx, Brw Aqy irSqydwrW AMdr qxwA pYdw krdI hY[ArQwq pirvwrW dy jIvn qbwh ho jWdy hn, s`iBAwcwr gMDlwkrdI hY Aqy kOm dI bdnwmI huMdI hY[

kYnyfw srkwr auprokq g`lW nUM BWp ky ies glq pRikRAw nUMn`Q pwaux leI Aqy prvwr nUM K`jl-KuAwrI qoN bcwaux leI nvyNkwnUMNn ilAw rhI hY[ swfw vI &rz bxdw hY ik AsIN glq kMm nwkrIey Aqy Awpxy gOrvmeI ivrsy nUM sMBwlIey[

ivdyS iv`c is`KW dIAW sm`isAwvWis`K dI swbq-sUrq, rihxI-bihxI Aqy rihq-mirXwdw horW

nwloN v`KrI hY[ gurU v`loN is`K nUM AMimRqDwrI, pMj kkwrI (kys,ikrpwn, kMGw, kVw Aqy kCihrw) Aqy inrMkwr nwl juVn dw hukmhY[ ivdySW 'c srkwrI Aqy keI sMsQwvW dy kwnUMNn v`Kry hox krkyis`KW dy dsqwr Aqy ikrpwn dy msly bVy gMBIr hn[

swbq-sUrq isK kyswDwrI hY Aqy dsqwr sjwauNdw hY[ iehdsqwr isKI dI jgdI imSwl, gurU dw ipAwr Aqy kysW dw siqkwrdrswauNdI hY[ ies dI soBw Aqy AwBw ibAwn krn qoN dUr dI gl hYikauNik ieh lKW hI pgVI rihq KVHy bMidAW 'c isK dI pihcwnkrwauNdI hY[ Asl ivc ieh isK dw qwj hY[ ieh isK nUM ieqnwmwx-qwx Aqy Awn-Swn bKSdI hY ik lok srdwr jI kih ky bulwauNdyhn[ jo iek sulqwn dw ruqbw hY[ ieh mnuKI srIr dy Aiq sUKmihsy 'isr' nUM grmI, srdI Aqy st lgx qoN vI bcwauNdI hY[

sur`iKAw kwnUMn muqwbk motr sweIkl, skUtr jW sweIklclwaux smyN isr qy top (Hat) pihnxw lwzmI hY[ jo nhIN sIpihndw pulIs aus dw clwx kr idMdI sI, ieM\ is`KW dw clwx vIhox l`igAw[ pr srdwr Avqwr isMG iF`loN ny dsqwr pihn kypulIs nUM cYlMj kIqw Aqy motr sweIkl clwieAw[ iPr nwmvris`K j`QybMdIAW ijvyN 'vrlf is`K AwrgynweIzySn (WSO) Awid nykcihrIAW dw drvwzw KVkwieAw[ vkIlW ny j`j swihbwn A`gydlIlW rwhIN, ik dsqwr is`K dw Dwrimk icMnH hY Aqy is`K nUM toppihnx dI mnwhI hY qW j`j v`loN is`KW nUM dsqwr pihn ky motrsweIkl Awid clwaux dI KulH dy id`qI[ ieh kys ij`qx auprMq vIkYnyfw dI pulIs ny 2010 iv`c ie`k is`K motr sweIkl svwr dwclwx ies AwDwr 'qy kr id`qw ik jdoN qyrw motr sweIkl 100iklomItr pRqI GMtw dI spIf 'qy clygw qW qyrI pgVI (Turban)lih skdI hY[ pr aus ny p`g bMnH ky 110 iklomItr pRqI GMtw qoN vIaup`r motr sweIkl clw ky idKw id`qw[ hux is`K dsqwr pihn kySryAwm motr sweIkl clwauNdy hn[

&Oj, eyAr Pors, pulIs Awid mihkimAW iv`c nOkrI lYxleI pgVIDwrI is`KW nUM bhuq lMbI jdo jihd krnI peI[ srdwrjsvMq isMG qqlw jo dsqwrDwrI hn ny s`q swl dIAW muSklWauprMq eyAr Pors iv`c nOkrI hwsl kIqI[ keI skUlW iv`c vIis`K b`icAW nUM isr 'qy p`g, ptkw jW rumwl bMnH ky Awaux dIiezwzq nhIN sI[ ies pwbMdI nUM htwaux leI vI kcihrIAW iv`cbVw Dn Krc hoieAw[ A`j klH keI mulkW dy hvweI A`ifAW 'qyqlwSI leI is`KW nUM p`g lwhux leI mzbUr kIqw jWdw hY[ p`g nw

(132) (133)

koiSS krdy hn qW auh kihMdI hY qusIN mYnUM ie`Qy mMgvw ky myry 'qykoeI Aihswn nhIN kIqw myry mwipAW ny v`fI rkm ^rc ky ie`QyphuMcwieAw hY[ jykr auh shury Gr phuMc vI jWdI hY qW kuJ smyNbwAd lVky lVkI iv`c qoV-ivCoV Aqy qlwk q`k kMm phuMc jWdwhY[ ies qrHW kYnyfw dy jMmpl lVky lVikAW goirAW vWg qlwkAwid nUM mwmUlI g`l igxdy hn[ ie`QoN dw kwnUMn vI ies sMbMD iv`cnrm hox krky swfy lok ies dw Pwiedw auTw rhy hn[ Dn kmwauxleI do iqMn vwrI ivAwh krwaux nUM ie`k DMdw bxw ilAw hY[ ivAwhkrn krwaux leI ivrwsqI kwiedy kwnUMnW nUM iC`ky tMg ky ieqnIAWnyVy dIAW irSqydwrIAW iv`c muMfy kuVIAW dy ivAwh kr rhy hn ijnHWbwry soicAw vI nhIN jw skdw[ JUTy-mUTy Aqy k`cy ivAwh vI rcweyjw rhy hn[ bhuq swry mwpy Awp bwhr jwx dI lwlsw iv`c AwpxIAWau~c-iv`idAw hwsl kIqIAW bytIAW nUM G`t pVHy ilKy kYnyfw dy jMmpl jW kYnyfw 'c rih rhy lVikAW nwl ivAwh kr idMdy hn[ keIvwr auh ies leI lVkI lVky dI aumr dy v`fy AMqr nUM vI A`KoN-proKy kr idMdy hn[ ieh sB kuJ qlwk dw kwrn bxdy hn[ iehkhwxI qlwk 'qy hI ^qm nhIN huMdI[ ie`k dUjy dI ku`t-kutweI,mwr-mrweI Aqy Awqm-hiqAwvW nUM jnm idMdI hY, b`cy rul jWdyhn, mwpy, BYx, Brw Aqy irSqydwrW AMdr qxwA pYdw krdI hY[ArQwq pirvwrW dy jIvn qbwh ho jWdy hn, s`iBAwcwr gMDlwkrdI hY Aqy kOm dI bdnwmI huMdI hY[

kYnyfw srkwr auprokq g`lW nUM BWp ky ies glq pRikRAw nUMn`Q pwaux leI Aqy prvwr nUM K`jl-KuAwrI qoN bcwaux leI nvyNkwnUMNn ilAw rhI hY[ swfw vI &rz bxdw hY ik AsIN glq kMm nwkrIey Aqy Awpxy gOrvmeI ivrsy nUM sMBwlIey[

ivdyS iv`c is`KW dIAW sm`isAwvWis`K dI swbq-sUrq, rihxI-bihxI Aqy rihq-mirXwdw horW

nwloN v`KrI hY[ gurU v`loN is`K nUM AMimRqDwrI, pMj kkwrI (kys,ikrpwn, kMGw, kVw Aqy kCihrw) Aqy inrMkwr nwl juVn dw hukmhY[ ivdySW 'c srkwrI Aqy keI sMsQwvW dy kwnUMNn v`Kry hox krkyis`KW dy dsqwr Aqy ikrpwn dy msly bVy gMBIr hn[

swbq-sUrq isK kyswDwrI hY Aqy dsqwr sjwauNdw hY[ iehdsqwr isKI dI jgdI imSwl, gurU dw ipAwr Aqy kysW dw siqkwrdrswauNdI hY[ ies dI soBw Aqy AwBw ibAwn krn qoN dUr dI gl hYikauNik ieh lKW hI pgVI rihq KVHy bMidAW 'c isK dI pihcwnkrwauNdI hY[ Asl ivc ieh isK dw qwj hY[ ieh isK nUM ieqnwmwx-qwx Aqy Awn-Swn bKSdI hY ik lok srdwr jI kih ky bulwauNdyhn[ jo iek sulqwn dw ruqbw hY[ ieh mnuKI srIr dy Aiq sUKmihsy 'isr' nUM grmI, srdI Aqy st lgx qoN vI bcwauNdI hY[

sur`iKAw kwnUMn muqwbk motr sweIkl, skUtr jW sweIklclwaux smyN isr qy top (Hat) pihnxw lwzmI hY[ jo nhIN sIpihndw pulIs aus dw clwx kr idMdI sI, ieM\ is`KW dw clwx vIhox l`igAw[ pr srdwr Avqwr isMG iF`loN ny dsqwr pihn kypulIs nUM cYlMj kIqw Aqy motr sweIkl clwieAw[ iPr nwmvris`K j`QybMdIAW ijvyN 'vrlf is`K AwrgynweIzySn (WSO) Awid nykcihrIAW dw drvwzw KVkwieAw[ vkIlW ny j`j swihbwn A`gydlIlW rwhIN, ik dsqwr is`K dw Dwrimk icMnH hY Aqy is`K nUM toppihnx dI mnwhI hY qW j`j v`loN is`KW nUM dsqwr pihn ky motrsweIkl Awid clwaux dI KulH dy id`qI[ ieh kys ij`qx auprMq vIkYnyfw dI pulIs ny 2010 iv`c ie`k is`K motr sweIkl svwr dwclwx ies AwDwr 'qy kr id`qw ik jdoN qyrw motr sweIkl 100iklomItr pRqI GMtw dI spIf 'qy clygw qW qyrI pgVI (Turban)lih skdI hY[ pr aus ny p`g bMnH ky 110 iklomItr pRqI GMtw qoN vIaup`r motr sweIkl clw ky idKw id`qw[ hux is`K dsqwr pihn kySryAwm motr sweIkl clwauNdy hn[

&Oj, eyAr Pors, pulIs Awid mihkimAW iv`c nOkrI lYxleI pgVIDwrI is`KW nUM bhuq lMbI jdo jihd krnI peI[ srdwrjsvMq isMG qqlw jo dsqwrDwrI hn ny s`q swl dIAW muSklWauprMq eyAr Pors iv`c nOkrI hwsl kIqI[ keI skUlW iv`c vIis`K b`icAW nUM isr 'qy p`g, ptkw jW rumwl bMnH ky Awaux dIiezwzq nhIN sI[ ies pwbMdI nUM htwaux leI vI kcihrIAW iv`cbVw Dn Krc hoieAw[ A`j klH keI mulkW dy hvweI A`ifAW 'qyqlwSI leI is`KW nUM p`g lwhux leI mzbUr kIqw jWdw hY[ p`g nw

(132) (133)

auqwrn 'qy byiezqI Aqy jhwz nw cVHn dy msly KVHy ho rhy hn[is`K dI pgVI lhuxI mwnoN isr lwhux dy brwbr hY[ ies sMbMDI vIis`KW dIAW pRmu`K j`QybMdIAW v`K v`K mulkW dIAW srkwrW, p`g dIqlwSI lYx dw koeI ivigAwnk FMg Apxwaux leI jor pw rhIAWhn[ ip`Cy ijhy ikaUbk ivKy is`K b`icAW au~pr pwbMdI lgw id`qI hYik auh ptkw jW rumwl isr 'qy bMnH ky sOkr Soccer (Pu`tbwl) nhINKyf skdy[ hwlW ik FIFA jo sOkr dI mu`K j`QybMdI hY aus ny iehpwbMdI lwaux qoN ienkwr kIqw hY[ iesy qrHW PrWs iv`c pgVIsMbMDI bVw gMBIr mslw bixAw hoieAw hY[

ikrpwn dI sm`isAw dsqwr qoN vI guMJldwr hY[ gurU dIbKiSS sdkw ieh is`KI dw Dwrimk icMnH hY[ gurU swihbwn ny iesnUM inrMkwrI SkqI AwiKAw hY[ AMgryz ilKwrI ircrf brtn ny vIikrpwn nUM pRBU SkqI mMinAw hY[ auh ilKdw hY (At a higher planethe sword has been idealized as Divine power)[ ikrpwn dI sMswrAMdr ieqnI mhwnqw hY ik mhwn ivAkiqAW nUM ies nwl snmwinAwjWdw hY[gurU swihb dw hukm hY, is`Kw! ieh pMj kkwrW 'c jo CotIikrpwn dI bKiSS qYnUM kr rhy hW ieh kyvl qyrI sur`iKAw leIhY, iksy dy mwrn leI nhIN[ sicAwry gurU is`KW ny vkIlW rwhINApIl Aqy dlIl vjoN ikrpwn 'qy pwbMdI dw mwmlw jd ivdySW 'cj`jW pws auTwieAw qW aunHW GoK ky PYslw kIqw ik CotI ikrpwnis`KW dw Dwrimk icMnH hY, hiQAwr nhIN[ ies leI is`K ies nUMpihn ky kYnyfw AMdr GuMm iPr skdy hn[ pr iPr vI jwxy AxjwxykeI vwr ikrpwnDwrI nUM keI QwvW qy roikAw jWdw hY[ hor qW horkeI sMsQwvW kVw pihnx qy vI ieqrwj krdIAW hn[

kYnyfw iv`c is`KW dw Biv`Kis`K Awm krky imhnqI hox nwqy Awzwd vwqwvrn cwhuMdw hY[

ieh cMgI Kurwk, sw&-suQry Aqy suMdr bsqr, KulHy-fu`lHy Aqy suhxymkwn irhwieS leI psMd krdw hY[ ieh koeI nvIN g`l nhIN[srdwr hrI isMG nlUAw dy smyN dw AMgryzI srkwr dy ishq ivBwgsMbMDI AiDkwrI kYptn vys ilKdw hY ik jdoN mNY hzwry dy ielwky dwdOrw kIqw qW dyiKAw ik is`KW dy Gr bhuq suMdr sn, GrW dy Awly-

duAwly cMgI hirAwvl, rsqy sw&-suQry Aqy cMgI cihl-pihlsI[ v`fI g`l ieh hY ik is`K AMimRq vyly au~T KVoNdy hn, ieh AwpqW imhnqI hn pr ienHW dIAW iesqrIAW bMidAW qoN vI v`Dimhnq krdIAW hn[ ienHW dy bsqr vI cMgy Aqy sw&-suQry snjd ik muslmwn ielwikAW iv`c bVI gMdgI sI, lokW dy Gr AqykpVy vI mYly-kucyly sn[

kYnyfw mulk rihx leI dunIAW dy cotI dy dySW 'c igixAWjWdw hY[ pr kYnyfw AMdr vYnkUvr dw ielwkw mnu`KI irhwieS leItIsI dw mMinAw igAw hY ikauNik ie`Qy dw jlvwXU bhuq hI AnkUl,nw A`q dI TMF Aqy nw hI A`q dI grmI, cwry pwsy hirAwvl,idlkS nzwry, husIn vwdIAW, KulHy hry Bry pwrk Aqy sYrgwhW,sw&-suQrIAW cOVIAW sVkW, AwlISwn iemwrqW Awid[ is`KW ny vIrihx leI ies ielwky nUM cuixAw[ A`j klH ieh ielwkw is`KW dwgVH mMinAw jWdw hY[ ie`Qy kMm kwj dy Axigxq vsIly auplBDhn[ srHI dw ielwkw qW d`sx muqwbk is`KW ny hI Awbwd kIqw hYijs iv`c do iqMn mMzly v`fy v`fy Awkwr dy KUbsUrq, sw&-suQry AqyrmxIk mkwn SoB rhy hn[ lokW kol cVHdy qoN cVHdIAW kwrW, tr`k,vYnW Awid r`KIAW hoeIAW hn[ GrW nUM bVw iSMgwirAw hoieAw hY[ienHW dy Kwxy-dwxy dw pqw qW storW qoN inkl rhIAW ryVHIAW jo du`DdIAW kynIAW nwl l`dIAW huMdIAW hn qoN l`g jWdw hY[ bYNkW 'cjweIey qW 15 bMidAW 'coN G`to G`t 10 Awpxy BweI cwry dy bMdy kqwriv`c KVHy huMdy hn jo ienHW dI imhnq dw Pl drswauNdw hY[ Bwv iehpYsy joVdy vI hn Aqy Krcdy vI hn[ pr gory Dn G`t hI joVdy hn[

KyqI Aqy hor DMidAW 'c XogdwnpMjwb dy is`K bhuqy KyqI krdy sn ies leI ie`Qy vI KyqI dy

DMdy nUM Apxw ilAw[ srkwrI AMkiVAW muqwbk 80 pRqISq qoN v`DbYrIz Pwrm ienHW dy hn[ ienHW PwrmW 'c grmI ru`q smyN pMjwbIBweIcwry nUM kwPI ruzgwr iml jWdw hY[ bhuq swirAW ny qW AmrIkwiv`c vI v`fy v`fy &wrm lY r`Ky hn[ iesy qrHW mkwnW dy inrmwx 'cAqy mkwn auswrI dy v`K v`K DMidAW iv`c is`K bhuqwq iv`c juVHy hoeyhn[ AwvwjweI dy swDnW ijvyN ik tr`k, tYksI, b`s frwivMg, rylvy

(134) (135)

auqwrn 'qy byiezqI Aqy jhwz nw cVHn dy msly KVHy ho rhy hn[is`K dI pgVI lhuxI mwnoN isr lwhux dy brwbr hY[ ies sMbMDI vIis`KW dIAW pRmu`K j`QybMdIAW v`K v`K mulkW dIAW srkwrW, p`g dIqlwSI lYx dw koeI ivigAwnk FMg Apxwaux leI jor pw rhIAWhn[ ip`Cy ijhy ikaUbk ivKy is`K b`icAW au~pr pwbMdI lgw id`qI hYik auh ptkw jW rumwl isr 'qy bMnH ky sOkr Soccer (Pu`tbwl) nhINKyf skdy[ hwlW ik FIFA jo sOkr dI mu`K j`QybMdI hY aus ny iehpwbMdI lwaux qoN ienkwr kIqw hY[ iesy qrHW PrWs iv`c pgVIsMbMDI bVw gMBIr mslw bixAw hoieAw hY[

ikrpwn dI sm`isAw dsqwr qoN vI guMJldwr hY[ gurU dIbKiSS sdkw ieh is`KI dw Dwrimk icMnH hY[ gurU swihbwn ny iesnUM inrMkwrI SkqI AwiKAw hY[ AMgryz ilKwrI ircrf brtn ny vIikrpwn nUM pRBU SkqI mMinAw hY[ auh ilKdw hY (At a higher planethe sword has been idealized as Divine power)[ ikrpwn dI sMswrAMdr ieqnI mhwnqw hY ik mhwn ivAkiqAW nUM ies nwl snmwinAwjWdw hY[gurU swihb dw hukm hY, is`Kw! ieh pMj kkwrW 'c jo CotIikrpwn dI bKiSS qYnUM kr rhy hW ieh kyvl qyrI sur`iKAw leIhY, iksy dy mwrn leI nhIN[ sicAwry gurU is`KW ny vkIlW rwhINApIl Aqy dlIl vjoN ikrpwn 'qy pwbMdI dw mwmlw jd ivdySW 'cj`jW pws auTwieAw qW aunHW GoK ky PYslw kIqw ik CotI ikrpwnis`KW dw Dwrimk icMnH hY, hiQAwr nhIN[ ies leI is`K ies nUMpihn ky kYnyfw AMdr GuMm iPr skdy hn[ pr iPr vI jwxy AxjwxykeI vwr ikrpwnDwrI nUM keI QwvW qy roikAw jWdw hY[ hor qW horkeI sMsQwvW kVw pihnx qy vI ieqrwj krdIAW hn[

kYnyfw iv`c is`KW dw Biv`Kis`K Awm krky imhnqI hox nwqy Awzwd vwqwvrn cwhuMdw hY[

ieh cMgI Kurwk, sw&-suQry Aqy suMdr bsqr, KulHy-fu`lHy Aqy suhxymkwn irhwieS leI psMd krdw hY[ ieh koeI nvIN g`l nhIN[srdwr hrI isMG nlUAw dy smyN dw AMgryzI srkwr dy ishq ivBwgsMbMDI AiDkwrI kYptn vys ilKdw hY ik jdoN mNY hzwry dy ielwky dwdOrw kIqw qW dyiKAw ik is`KW dy Gr bhuq suMdr sn, GrW dy Awly-

duAwly cMgI hirAwvl, rsqy sw&-suQry Aqy cMgI cihl-pihlsI[ v`fI g`l ieh hY ik is`K AMimRq vyly au~T KVoNdy hn, ieh AwpqW imhnqI hn pr ienHW dIAW iesqrIAW bMidAW qoN vI v`Dimhnq krdIAW hn[ ienHW dy bsqr vI cMgy Aqy sw&-suQry snjd ik muslmwn ielwikAW iv`c bVI gMdgI sI, lokW dy Gr AqykpVy vI mYly-kucyly sn[

kYnyfw mulk rihx leI dunIAW dy cotI dy dySW 'c igixAWjWdw hY[ pr kYnyfw AMdr vYnkUvr dw ielwkw mnu`KI irhwieS leItIsI dw mMinAw igAw hY ikauNik ie`Qy dw jlvwXU bhuq hI AnkUl,nw A`q dI TMF Aqy nw hI A`q dI grmI, cwry pwsy hirAwvl,idlkS nzwry, husIn vwdIAW, KulHy hry Bry pwrk Aqy sYrgwhW,sw&-suQrIAW cOVIAW sVkW, AwlISwn iemwrqW Awid[ is`KW ny vIrihx leI ies ielwky nUM cuixAw[ A`j klH ieh ielwkw is`KW dwgVH mMinAw jWdw hY[ ie`Qy kMm kwj dy Axigxq vsIly auplBDhn[ srHI dw ielwkw qW d`sx muqwbk is`KW ny hI Awbwd kIqw hYijs iv`c do iqMn mMzly v`fy v`fy Awkwr dy KUbsUrq, sw&-suQry AqyrmxIk mkwn SoB rhy hn[ lokW kol cVHdy qoN cVHdIAW kwrW, tr`k,vYnW Awid r`KIAW hoeIAW hn[ GrW nUM bVw iSMgwirAw hoieAw hY[ienHW dy Kwxy-dwxy dw pqw qW storW qoN inkl rhIAW ryVHIAW jo du`DdIAW kynIAW nwl l`dIAW huMdIAW hn qoN l`g jWdw hY[ bYNkW 'cjweIey qW 15 bMidAW 'coN G`to G`t 10 Awpxy BweI cwry dy bMdy kqwriv`c KVHy huMdy hn jo ienHW dI imhnq dw Pl drswauNdw hY[ Bwv iehpYsy joVdy vI hn Aqy Krcdy vI hn[ pr gory Dn G`t hI joVdy hn[

KyqI Aqy hor DMidAW 'c XogdwnpMjwb dy is`K bhuqy KyqI krdy sn ies leI ie`Qy vI KyqI dy

DMdy nUM Apxw ilAw[ srkwrI AMkiVAW muqwbk 80 pRqISq qoN v`DbYrIz Pwrm ienHW dy hn[ ienHW PwrmW 'c grmI ru`q smyN pMjwbIBweIcwry nUM kwPI ruzgwr iml jWdw hY[ bhuq swirAW ny qW AmrIkwiv`c vI v`fy v`fy &wrm lY r`Ky hn[ iesy qrHW mkwnW dy inrmwx 'cAqy mkwn auswrI dy v`K v`K DMidAW iv`c is`K bhuqwq iv`c juVHy hoeyhn[ AwvwjweI dy swDnW ijvyN ik tr`k, tYksI, b`s frwivMg, rylvy

(134) (135)

Awid iv`c vI ieh idno idn A`gy v`D rhy hn[ pMjwbI mwrkIt,PrUtIkwnw, kpVw, pIzw stor, miTAweI dIAW dukwnW, PotogRwPI,sony Awid dy storW iv`c vI JMfI hY[ Awaux vwly smyN AMdr iehnWiv`c vwDw Aqy cMgy c`lx dI sMBwvnw hY ikauNik ie`k qW pMjwbIAW dwie`Qy Awauxw vD irhw hY[ dUjw lokW dI KRId SkqI v`D rhI hY AqyqIjw gory vI iehnW storW dIAW cIzW psMd krn lg pey hn[ Kwskr smosw bVw mShUr hoieAw hY ikauNik ieh ssqw hY, suAwdI hYAqy Kw ky pyt dI pUrqI ArQwq Bu`K im`t jWdI hY[ ies qoN ielwvwsmosw lY ky jwxw vI Awswn hY Aqy qilAw hox krky jldI KrwbnhIN huMdw[ auprokq kMm qW G`t pVHy ilKy vI kr skdy hn[

1984 dy KUnI GlUGwry nUM mu`K rKidAW kYnyfw iv`c is`K sMsQwv`loN ^wlsy dy 300 swlw pRkwS idhwVy 'qy 1999 qoN KUndwn kYNpAwrMB kIqy gey hn[ ieh kYNp hr swl AwXoijq kIqy jWdy hn[ huxq`k v`K v`K QwvW 'qy nOjuAwnW v`loN KUn dy ky ie`k l`K qoN v`DijMdVIAW nUM KUn dI shwieqw pRdwn kIqI jw cu`kI hY[

pVHweI kIqI hoeI kdy AwhlI nhIN jWdI[ au~c iv`idAw nwlhI swfy b`cy ivigAwnI, pRoPYsr, fwktr, ieMjnIAr Awid bx skdyhn[ ies qoN ielwvw eyAr &ors, pulIs, j`j Awid dI nOkrI hwslkrn leI XUnIvristI dI pVHweI bhuq zrUrI hY[ srkwrI AMkiVAWmuqwibk ies iv`c AsIN cIny, jpwnI Awid lokW qoN kwPI ip`Cy hW[so b`icAW nUM pVHweI v`l pRyrq krn dI v`fI loV hY[ au~cIAWpdvIAW 'qy hI phuMc ky AsIN ie`Qy au~cI DOx kr ky c`l skdy hW[is`K mwrSl kOm hox kwrn &Oj iv`c vI cMgy Ahudy pRwpq kr skdyhn[

kYnyfIAn &Oj iv`c is`KW dI SmUlIAqsrdwr b`ukm isMG (AslI nwm bu`kx isMG huiSAwrpur ijlHy

dy ipMf mwihlpur dw jMmpl 1907 iv`c kYnyfw dy pRWq ibRtS kolMbIAwiv`c ruzgwr leI phuMicAw[ aus smyN ieh 14 swl dw hI sI[ikauNik 5 Agsq 1914 nUM kYnyfw ibRitS srkwr dw ih`sw bx igAwsI[ aunHIN idnIN pihlw sMswr Xu`D iCV igAw sI[ AMgryz A&srWny ies nUM mwrSl kOm nwl sMbMD hox krky 'ie`k AONtwrIau btwlIAn'

iv`c BrqI kr ilAw[ swl 1916 iv`c eIpr (bYlzIAm) iv`cPrYNfrs dy mYdwnW dI lVweI iv`c 20 kYnyfIAn ienPYtrI btwlIAnv`loN bhwdrI dy jOhr idKwauNdw burI qrHW P`tV ho igAw sI[ fwktrIielwj auprMq TIk hox 'qy 1917 iv`c ies ny dubwrw jMg 'c Swmlhox dI iqAwrI kr leI[ pr bu`km isMG nUM qpidk dI nwmurwdibmwrI ny Gyr ilAw ijs kwrn fwktr ny jMg 'c jwx qoN mnHw krid`qw[ AKIr ibmwrI nwl jUJdw 27 Agsq 1919 nUM ieh 26 swldI aumr iv`c sMswr qoN clw igAw[ sMswr Xu`D dy bwkI ShIdW dynwl ikcnr Sihr dy mwaUNt hop kbirsqwn iv`c ies nUM dPnwieAwigAw[ au~Qy ies dI smwD A`j vI mOjUd hY[ so srdwr bu`km isMGpgVIDwrI kYnyfIAn &Oj dw pihlw is`K nwiek hY[ ies auprMq horvI is`K kYnyfIAn &Oj iv`c Swml hoey[ pr A`j klH lY&tInYNtkrnl hrjIq isMG s`jx ie`k nwmvr is`K A&sr vjoN jwxy jWdyhn[ srdwr hrjIq isMG pMj swl dI aumr iv`c Awpxy mwipAWnwl bMbylI ipMf qoN vYnkUvr (kYnyfw) AwieAw sI[ BwvyN ies ny eyArPors 'c BrqI hox leI bVI imhnq kIqI[ pr 1989 iv`c hweIskUl dI pVHweI auprMq &Oj iv`c BrqI ho igAw[ pr iPr kuJ smyNip`CoN vYnkUvr pulIs 'c Aw igAw[ ie`Qy vI mn nhIN l`igAw AqyiPr &Oj 'c cilAw igAw[ myjr dI pdvI 'qy srdwr s`jx nUMA&gwinsqwn Byj id`qw[ srkwrI ibAwn Anuswr myjr s`jx bVIswvDwnI nwl A`gy viDAw Aqy nwzk hwlqW AMdr huiSAwrI nwlkMDwr ivc qwlIbwnW dy pRBwv nUM Gtwaux ivc s&l hoieAw[ qkrIbnfyF ku swl dy smyN (nvMbr 2010 qoN mwrc 2011) AMdr kYnyfw dIimltrI nUM Xog nsIhq id`qI[iesy qrHW srdwr swihb ny bosnIAWiv`c vI suc`jI ifaUtI inBweI[ ieh dyK ky lYPtInYNt krnl hrjIqisMG s`jx nUM AONtwrIE iv`c ienHW dIAW SwlwGw Xog syvwvW bdlyAOnrybl fyivf jOhnstn, gvrnr jnrl Aqy kYnyfw dy kmWfr-ien cI& v`loN snmwinAw igAw[ lYPtInYNt krnl s`jx ny AwpxwA&gwinsqwn dw qzrbw dsidAW AwiKAw ik ie`k lVwkU pTwxmyry pws AwieAw qy aus ny ikhw, “qUM jMgjU is`K hY ies leI swfylokW dI qyry 'qy ingwh hY”[ A`goN srdwr s`jx ny au~qr id`qw, “mYnUMkoeI prvwh nhIN”[

(136) (137)

Awid iv`c vI ieh idno idn A`gy v`D rhy hn[ pMjwbI mwrkIt,PrUtIkwnw, kpVw, pIzw stor, miTAweI dIAW dukwnW, PotogRwPI,sony Awid dy storW iv`c vI JMfI hY[ Awaux vwly smyN AMdr iehnWiv`c vwDw Aqy cMgy c`lx dI sMBwvnw hY ikauNik ie`k qW pMjwbIAW dwie`Qy Awauxw vD irhw hY[ dUjw lokW dI KRId SkqI v`D rhI hY AqyqIjw gory vI iehnW storW dIAW cIzW psMd krn lg pey hn[ Kwskr smosw bVw mShUr hoieAw hY ikauNik ieh ssqw hY, suAwdI hYAqy Kw ky pyt dI pUrqI ArQwq Bu`K im`t jWdI hY[ ies qoN ielwvwsmosw lY ky jwxw vI Awswn hY Aqy qilAw hox krky jldI KrwbnhIN huMdw[ auprokq kMm qW G`t pVHy ilKy vI kr skdy hn[

1984 dy KUnI GlUGwry nUM mu`K rKidAW kYnyfw iv`c is`K sMsQwv`loN ^wlsy dy 300 swlw pRkwS idhwVy 'qy 1999 qoN KUndwn kYNpAwrMB kIqy gey hn[ ieh kYNp hr swl AwXoijq kIqy jWdy hn[ huxq`k v`K v`K QwvW 'qy nOjuAwnW v`loN KUn dy ky ie`k l`K qoN v`DijMdVIAW nUM KUn dI shwieqw pRdwn kIqI jw cu`kI hY[

pVHweI kIqI hoeI kdy AwhlI nhIN jWdI[ au~c iv`idAw nwlhI swfy b`cy ivigAwnI, pRoPYsr, fwktr, ieMjnIAr Awid bx skdyhn[ ies qoN ielwvw eyAr &ors, pulIs, j`j Awid dI nOkrI hwslkrn leI XUnIvristI dI pVHweI bhuq zrUrI hY[ srkwrI AMkiVAWmuqwibk ies iv`c AsIN cIny, jpwnI Awid lokW qoN kwPI ip`Cy hW[so b`icAW nUM pVHweI v`l pRyrq krn dI v`fI loV hY[ au~cIAWpdvIAW 'qy hI phuMc ky AsIN ie`Qy au~cI DOx kr ky c`l skdy hW[is`K mwrSl kOm hox kwrn &Oj iv`c vI cMgy Ahudy pRwpq kr skdyhn[

kYnyfIAn &Oj iv`c is`KW dI SmUlIAqsrdwr b`ukm isMG (AslI nwm bu`kx isMG huiSAwrpur ijlHy

dy ipMf mwihlpur dw jMmpl 1907 iv`c kYnyfw dy pRWq ibRtS kolMbIAwiv`c ruzgwr leI phuMicAw[ aus smyN ieh 14 swl dw hI sI[ikauNik 5 Agsq 1914 nUM kYnyfw ibRitS srkwr dw ih`sw bx igAwsI[ aunHIN idnIN pihlw sMswr Xu`D iCV igAw sI[ AMgryz A&srWny ies nUM mwrSl kOm nwl sMbMD hox krky 'ie`k AONtwrIau btwlIAn'

iv`c BrqI kr ilAw[ swl 1916 iv`c eIpr (bYlzIAm) iv`cPrYNfrs dy mYdwnW dI lVweI iv`c 20 kYnyfIAn ienPYtrI btwlIAnv`loN bhwdrI dy jOhr idKwauNdw burI qrHW P`tV ho igAw sI[ fwktrIielwj auprMq TIk hox 'qy 1917 iv`c ies ny dubwrw jMg 'c Swmlhox dI iqAwrI kr leI[ pr bu`km isMG nUM qpidk dI nwmurwdibmwrI ny Gyr ilAw ijs kwrn fwktr ny jMg 'c jwx qoN mnHw krid`qw[ AKIr ibmwrI nwl jUJdw 27 Agsq 1919 nUM ieh 26 swldI aumr iv`c sMswr qoN clw igAw[ sMswr Xu`D dy bwkI ShIdW dynwl ikcnr Sihr dy mwaUNt hop kbirsqwn iv`c ies nUM dPnwieAwigAw[ au~Qy ies dI smwD A`j vI mOjUd hY[ so srdwr bu`km isMGpgVIDwrI kYnyfIAn &Oj dw pihlw is`K nwiek hY[ ies auprMq horvI is`K kYnyfIAn &Oj iv`c Swml hoey[ pr A`j klH lY&tInYNtkrnl hrjIq isMG s`jx ie`k nwmvr is`K A&sr vjoN jwxy jWdyhn[ srdwr hrjIq isMG pMj swl dI aumr iv`c Awpxy mwipAWnwl bMbylI ipMf qoN vYnkUvr (kYnyfw) AwieAw sI[ BwvyN ies ny eyArPors 'c BrqI hox leI bVI imhnq kIqI[ pr 1989 iv`c hweIskUl dI pVHweI auprMq &Oj iv`c BrqI ho igAw[ pr iPr kuJ smyNip`CoN vYnkUvr pulIs 'c Aw igAw[ ie`Qy vI mn nhIN l`igAw AqyiPr &Oj 'c cilAw igAw[ myjr dI pdvI 'qy srdwr s`jx nUMA&gwinsqwn Byj id`qw[ srkwrI ibAwn Anuswr myjr s`jx bVIswvDwnI nwl A`gy viDAw Aqy nwzk hwlqW AMdr huiSAwrI nwlkMDwr ivc qwlIbwnW dy pRBwv nUM Gtwaux ivc s&l hoieAw[ qkrIbnfyF ku swl dy smyN (nvMbr 2010 qoN mwrc 2011) AMdr kYnyfw dIimltrI nUM Xog nsIhq id`qI[iesy qrHW srdwr swihb ny bosnIAWiv`c vI suc`jI ifaUtI inBweI[ ieh dyK ky lYPtInYNt krnl hrjIqisMG s`jx nUM AONtwrIE iv`c ienHW dIAW SwlwGw Xog syvwvW bdlyAOnrybl fyivf jOhnstn, gvrnr jnrl Aqy kYnyfw dy kmWfr-ien cI& v`loN snmwinAw igAw[ lYPtInYNt krnl s`jx ny AwpxwA&gwinsqwn dw qzrbw dsidAW AwiKAw ik ie`k lVwkU pTwxmyry pws AwieAw qy aus ny ikhw, “qUM jMgjU is`K hY ies leI swfylokW dI qyry 'qy ingwh hY”[ A`goN srdwr s`jx ny au~qr id`qw, “mYnUMkoeI prvwh nhIN”[

(136) (137)

ip`Cy ijhy kYnyfw vsdy is`KW dy gOrvmeI ieiqhws iv`c ie`khor AiDAwey juiVAw jdoN pihlI vwr is`K BweIcwry ny srI 'ckyift kor dI sQwpnw krky kYnyfw dI SWqI, sur`iKAw Aqy qr~kIdw pRx ilAw[ KUbsUrq dsqwrW 'c sjy 12 qoN 18 swl dy 60 is`KnOjuAwnW ny kYnyfw dy kOmI JMfy nUM slwmI id`qI Aqy 300 bI.sI.rzmYNt roAwiel kYnyfIAn AwrmI kYift kor ADIn rMgrUt bxy[ies mOky lYPtInYNt krnl hrjIq isMG s`jx ny rsmI audGwtnsmyN kYnyfw dI &Oj 'c is`K b`icAW dy sunihrI Biv`K dI kwmnwkIqI[ ieM\ b`cy niSAW dy gYNgW, ihMsw Aqy glq kMmW qoN bc kyAwpxw cMgw jIvn bxw skdy hn[ is`K b`icAW leI pulIs, eyArPors, nyvI dy nwl nwl &Oj iv`c jwx dw rwh KulH jwvygw[ ivl`KxqwvwlI g`l hY ik srHI AMdr ivswKI purb Aqy wlsw swjnw idvs dysMbMD 'c sjwey jWdy mhwn ngr kIrqn (pryf) iv`c hr swl &OjIA&sr imltrI dI g`fI Aqy tRylr au~pr qop szw ky ngr kIrqndI Swn vDwauNdy hn[

is`K Aqy isAwsqijvyN pMCI do KMBW dy shwry au~fdw hY iesy qrHW mnu`KI jIvn

Drm Aqy rwjnIqI dy Awsry nwl cldw hY[ Drm s`c dI g`l krdwhY, Awqmk bl pRdwn krdw hY, mnu`K nUM inmrqw isKwauNdw hY,mnu`KI ipAwr, praupkwr Aqy siqkwr dy rsqy 'qy qordw hY[ iesdy ault rwjnIqI (isAwsq) JUT-mUT, srIrk bl, cqrweI, sOdy-bwzI Aqy hr FMg vrq ky rwj Bwg kwiem r`Kx dI KyfH hY[ iehbMdy nUM hMkwrI, ivkwrI Aqy mnu`Kqw dw iSkwrI bxw idMdI hY[ rwjBwg kwiem r`Kx leI mW, ipau, BYx, Brw, dosq im`qr nUM vI nhINb^iSAw jWdw Aqy suAwrQpuxw mu`K huMdw hY[ Drm AMdr XQwrQvwdBwrU huMdw hY jd ik isAwsq AMdr pdwrQvwd dw bol bwlw hY[DrmI rwj 'hlymI rwj' kihlwauNdw hY jdik Drm rihq rwjnIqIvwlw rwj 'gulwmI rwj' huMdw hY[

is`KI AMdr nzr mwro gurU swihb ny Drm dw mMdr 'hirmMdrswihb' nIvyN ql qy sQwpq kIqw jo BgqI (pIrI) dw somw hY[ jdik 'Akwl q^q swihb' jo SkqI (mIrI) dw pRqIk hY au~cy ql qy

sQwpq kIqw[ hirmMdr swihb AMdroN rbI bwxI dIAW DunW aupjdIAWhn jo Awqimk bl b^dIAW hn pr Akwl q^q 'qy Ssqr suSobqhn jo SkqI dw pRqIk hn Aqy is`K rwjnIqI sMbMDI hr hukmAkwl q^q qoN suxwieAw jWdw hY[ dovyN iemwrqW ie`k dUjy dy snmu`Khn Aqy ie`k AsQwn qy hn[ hirmMdr swihb dw guMQd bYTvW hY joinmkI drswauNdw hY pr Akwl q^q dw guMbd auB`rvW hY jo SkqIdw pRgtwvw krdw hY[ hlymI rwj leI gurU swihbwn ny mIrI AqypIrI dw sumyl kIqw[ gurU klgIDr pwqSwh dy bol hn:

koaU iksI ko rwj nw dy hYN, jo hY inj bl sy ly hYN[rwj ibnW nw Drm cly hYN, Drm ibnW sB dlY mly hYN[so is`K DrmI hox dy nwl nwl isAwsq iv`c vI ih`sw lYNdw hY[

auh Awpxy jIvn iv`c pyS Aw rhIAW sm`isAwvW nUM isAwsI ho ky jWisAwsqdwnW dy nwl myl-imlwp krky nij`Tdw hY[ prvwsI hox dynwqy qW aus nUM bVIAW gMBIr sm`isAwvW ijvyN ik ikrpwn, dsqwr,dwVHI, Awid dI muSkl pyS AwauNdI hY[

kYnyfw 'c phuMc ky pihlW qW vot dy AiDkwr leI is`KW nUM v`fwGol krnw ipAw[ vot AiDkwr imlx auprMq ijauN ijauN ienHW dIAbwdI vDI qW ieh vK vK sMsQwvW dIAW coxW ivc Awpxy aumIdvwrKVHy krn l`gy Bwv hOlI hOlI isAwsq 'c pYr itkw ley[ huxqkrIbn iqMn dhwikAW qoN AsYNblIAW AMdr Aqy pwrlImYNt iv`cie`Qy numwieMdy cuxy jw rhy hn[ A`j klH qW keI is`K minstr vIhn[ ienHW AhuidAW 'qy phuMcx nwl ie`k qW ivdyS iv`c is`K kOmsMbMDI ie`QoN dy lokW nUM vwk&IAq huMdI hY Aqy dUjw ieh AwpxyBweIcwry dIAW sm`isAwvW srkwrW q`k phuMcwauNdy hn[ pr loV hYeykqw dI[

du`K dI g`l hY swfy iv`coN hI bhuq swry AYsy hn ijhVy kihMdyhn AsIN isAwsq qoN kI lYxw hY jW Awpxy numwieMidAW dI ies g`loNivroDqw krdy hn ik kYnyfw iv`c qW AsIN su`KI-sWdI vs rhy hW[swnUM ie`Qy hr iksm dI shUlq auplBD hY Aqy AsIN qW hux ieQoN dyp`ky SihrI bx gey hW[ prvwsI hmySW prvwsI hI rihMdw hY[ivdyS dI koeI vI srkwr klm dI nok nwl quhwfy au~pr nvW kwnUMn

(138) (139)

ip`Cy ijhy kYnyfw vsdy is`KW dy gOrvmeI ieiqhws iv`c ie`khor AiDAwey juiVAw jdoN pihlI vwr is`K BweIcwry ny srI 'ckyift kor dI sQwpnw krky kYnyfw dI SWqI, sur`iKAw Aqy qr~kIdw pRx ilAw[ KUbsUrq dsqwrW 'c sjy 12 qoN 18 swl dy 60 is`KnOjuAwnW ny kYnyfw dy kOmI JMfy nUM slwmI id`qI Aqy 300 bI.sI.rzmYNt roAwiel kYnyfIAn AwrmI kYift kor ADIn rMgrUt bxy[ies mOky lYPtInYNt krnl hrjIq isMG s`jx ny rsmI audGwtnsmyN kYnyfw dI &Oj 'c is`K b`icAW dy sunihrI Biv`K dI kwmnwkIqI[ ieM\ b`cy niSAW dy gYNgW, ihMsw Aqy glq kMmW qoN bc kyAwpxw cMgw jIvn bxw skdy hn[ is`K b`icAW leI pulIs, eyArPors, nyvI dy nwl nwl &Oj iv`c jwx dw rwh KulH jwvygw[ ivl`KxqwvwlI g`l hY ik srHI AMdr ivswKI purb Aqy wlsw swjnw idvs dysMbMD 'c sjwey jWdy mhwn ngr kIrqn (pryf) iv`c hr swl &OjIA&sr imltrI dI g`fI Aqy tRylr au~pr qop szw ky ngr kIrqndI Swn vDwauNdy hn[

is`K Aqy isAwsqijvyN pMCI do KMBW dy shwry au~fdw hY iesy qrHW mnu`KI jIvn

Drm Aqy rwjnIqI dy Awsry nwl cldw hY[ Drm s`c dI g`l krdwhY, Awqmk bl pRdwn krdw hY, mnu`K nUM inmrqw isKwauNdw hY,mnu`KI ipAwr, praupkwr Aqy siqkwr dy rsqy 'qy qordw hY[ iesdy ault rwjnIqI (isAwsq) JUT-mUT, srIrk bl, cqrweI, sOdy-bwzI Aqy hr FMg vrq ky rwj Bwg kwiem r`Kx dI KyfH hY[ iehbMdy nUM hMkwrI, ivkwrI Aqy mnu`Kqw dw iSkwrI bxw idMdI hY[ rwjBwg kwiem r`Kx leI mW, ipau, BYx, Brw, dosq im`qr nUM vI nhINb^iSAw jWdw Aqy suAwrQpuxw mu`K huMdw hY[ Drm AMdr XQwrQvwdBwrU huMdw hY jd ik isAwsq AMdr pdwrQvwd dw bol bwlw hY[DrmI rwj 'hlymI rwj' kihlwauNdw hY jdik Drm rihq rwjnIqIvwlw rwj 'gulwmI rwj' huMdw hY[

is`KI AMdr nzr mwro gurU swihb ny Drm dw mMdr 'hirmMdrswihb' nIvyN ql qy sQwpq kIqw jo BgqI (pIrI) dw somw hY[ jdik 'Akwl q^q swihb' jo SkqI (mIrI) dw pRqIk hY au~cy ql qy

sQwpq kIqw[ hirmMdr swihb AMdroN rbI bwxI dIAW DunW aupjdIAWhn jo Awqimk bl b^dIAW hn pr Akwl q^q 'qy Ssqr suSobqhn jo SkqI dw pRqIk hn Aqy is`K rwjnIqI sMbMDI hr hukmAkwl q^q qoN suxwieAw jWdw hY[ dovyN iemwrqW ie`k dUjy dy snmu`Khn Aqy ie`k AsQwn qy hn[ hirmMdr swihb dw guMQd bYTvW hY joinmkI drswauNdw hY pr Akwl q^q dw guMbd auB`rvW hY jo SkqIdw pRgtwvw krdw hY[ hlymI rwj leI gurU swihbwn ny mIrI AqypIrI dw sumyl kIqw[ gurU klgIDr pwqSwh dy bol hn:

koaU iksI ko rwj nw dy hYN, jo hY inj bl sy ly hYN[rwj ibnW nw Drm cly hYN, Drm ibnW sB dlY mly hYN[so is`K DrmI hox dy nwl nwl isAwsq iv`c vI ih`sw lYNdw hY[

auh Awpxy jIvn iv`c pyS Aw rhIAW sm`isAwvW nUM isAwsI ho ky jWisAwsqdwnW dy nwl myl-imlwp krky nij`Tdw hY[ prvwsI hox dynwqy qW aus nUM bVIAW gMBIr sm`isAwvW ijvyN ik ikrpwn, dsqwr,dwVHI, Awid dI muSkl pyS AwauNdI hY[

kYnyfw 'c phuMc ky pihlW qW vot dy AiDkwr leI is`KW nUM v`fwGol krnw ipAw[ vot AiDkwr imlx auprMq ijauN ijauN ienHW dIAbwdI vDI qW ieh vK vK sMsQwvW dIAW coxW ivc Awpxy aumIdvwrKVHy krn l`gy Bwv hOlI hOlI isAwsq 'c pYr itkw ley[ huxqkrIbn iqMn dhwikAW qoN AsYNblIAW AMdr Aqy pwrlImYNt iv`cie`Qy numwieMdy cuxy jw rhy hn[ A`j klH qW keI is`K minstr vIhn[ ienHW AhuidAW 'qy phuMcx nwl ie`k qW ivdyS iv`c is`K kOmsMbMDI ie`QoN dy lokW nUM vwk&IAq huMdI hY Aqy dUjw ieh AwpxyBweIcwry dIAW sm`isAwvW srkwrW q`k phuMcwauNdy hn[ pr loV hYeykqw dI[

du`K dI g`l hY swfy iv`coN hI bhuq swry AYsy hn ijhVy kihMdyhn AsIN isAwsq qoN kI lYxw hY jW Awpxy numwieMidAW dI ies g`loNivroDqw krdy hn ik kYnyfw iv`c qW AsIN su`KI-sWdI vs rhy hW[swnUM ie`Qy hr iksm dI shUlq auplBD hY Aqy AsIN qW hux ieQoN dyp`ky SihrI bx gey hW[ prvwsI hmySW prvwsI hI rihMdw hY[ivdyS dI koeI vI srkwr klm dI nok nwl quhwfy au~pr nvW kwnUMn

(138) (139)

bxw ky quhwnUM k`F skdI hY[ ieh g`l j`g zwhr ho cu`kI hY[ sqMbr2013 dy A`D iv`c ikaUbY~k srkwr duAwrw AsYNblI iv`c ilAWdwnvW ib`l 'cwrtr Aw& vYilaUz' Dwrimk G`t igxqIAW leI aujwVydI qrHW is`D ho skdw hY[ ies ib`l iv`c Drm inrp`Kqw nUM mu`dw bxwky ieh ivvsQw kIqI jw rhI hY ik koeI bMdw pbilk QwvW qydsqwr, ihzwb, burkw, gl iv`c ltkdw krws, jW isr 'qy topIAwid pihn ky nhIN jw skdw[ koeI vI ivAkqI ieh Dwrimk icMnHpihn ky iksy sMsQw jW stor iv`c nOkrI nhIN kr skdw[ hwlW ikkYnyfIAn cwrtr, jo 1982 iv`c lwgU kIqw igAw sI, muqwibk iksyvI ivAkqI nUM Drm dy nW 'qy ivqkry dw iSkwr nhIN bxwieAw jwskdw[ ikaUbY~k srkwr v`loN ilAWdy jw rhy ib`l nwl sB qoN v`Dnukswn is`KW Aqy muslmwnW dw hoxw hY[ jy koeI socy ik mYN ikaUbY`kC`f ky kYnyfw dy iksy hor Bwg 'c jw vsWgw[ pr ieM\ krn nwl ausdI jIvn Br dI bxweI jwiedwd kOfIAW dy BwA ivkygI[ dUjy pwsie`QoN au~jVy lokW dy vD rhy vyg nwl dUjIAW QwvW 'qy mihMgIAWjwiedwdW imlxgIAW[

ienHW g`lW nUM mu`K rKidAW bMdy nUM kdy vI AwpxI mwqBUmI,Awpxy mUl, AwpxI mW bolI Aqy Awpxy s`iBAwcwr nwloN tu`txw nhINcwhIdw[ ienHW nwloN tu`itAW bMdw mwnoN nw Gr dw Aqy nw hI Gwt dwrihMdw hY[ pRoPYsr surjIq isMG Anuswr siBAwcwr Aqy is`KI jIvndw irSqw kukVI Aqy AWfy vwlw hY[ Bwv jykr kukVI ishqmMdhovygI qW aus dw AWfw vI ishqmMd hovygw[ pr jy kukVI kmzor hYqW auh AWfy dyx qoN vI AsmrQ hovygI[ so au~cw-su`cw s`iBAwcwris`KI jIvn dw ie`k ivSyS Aqy vfmu`lw AMg hY[ is`KI kyvl SbdnhIN ieh mnu`KI rihxI-bihxI, jIvn-jWc, nYiqk kdrW-kImqW,rhu-rIqW, soc-ivcwr Aqy mwniskqw dw ie`k gwfI rsqw hY[ is`KIdI ivcwrDwrw ie`k cwnx munwry dI inAweIN hY[ ies ny lok-bolIpMjwbI nUM ApxwieAw 'qy ies dI il`pI gurmuKI nUM vrqky ie`k AmIrAqy Anmol Kzwnw swfI JolI pwieAw hY[ ies Kzwny dy Awsry hIis`KI mhwn hY[ is`K s`c dI wqr AwpxIAW AOkVW Aqy sm`isAwvWnUM iKVy m`Qy J`ldw hY, kwl koTVIAW AMdr vI srUrI s`dW lwauNdw hY[Aqy PWsI dy q^iqAW 'qy KVHw vI ij`q dy jYkwry guMjwauNdw hY[

is`K kOm aumr 'c CotI hY, igxqI iv`c vI QoVHI hY pr h`k,s`c, iensw& Aqy AwzwdI dI pRwpqI leI kurbwnIAW dyx iv`c sBqoN au~qm hY[

A`j loV hY kOmI eykqw dI, kOm dy isDwqW nUM ivdySW iv`cdrswaux dI, v`fy-vfyirAW dIAW kIqIAW kurbwnIAW 'qy Pul cVHwauxdI Aqy Awpxy ivrsy nUM hrw Brw r`Kx dI[ gurUAW dI ikRpw sdkwAwpW nUM rihx leI ikqnw Swndwr, cMgIAW shUlqW vwlw, inAWpwlk,mnu`KI kdrW-kImqW dI ie`zq krn vwlw, AOrqW nUM mnu`KW dy bwrbrh`k idvwaux vwlw Aqy Awpxy ivcwrW nUM AwzwdI nwl pRgtwauxvwlw mulk nsIb hoieAw hY[ ies leI Awpxw &rz vI bxdw hY ikAsIN koeI mwVI g`l Aqy mwVw kMm nw krIey[ sgoN sB nwl ipAwr,siqkwr Aqy imAwr BrI g`lbwq krIey Aqy aun`qISIl kMm krkyidKweIey qWik swfI kOm dI SwlwGw hovy[ ies iv`c hI swfw swirAWdw Aqy kOm dw Blw hY[

hwSm Swh dy kQn Anuswr 'jIvn ij`q aunHW nUM hI nsIb huMdIhY ijhVy ihMmq nUM Xwr bxwauNdy hn Aqy mnu`Kqw nwl ipAwr krdyhn'[ dunIAW dy hr bMdy AMdr jW kOm AMdr ieh KwihS huMdI hY ikAwpxI pCwx bxweIey [ pr pCwx bxwaux leI iksy KwsIAq dIzrUrq hY ijvyN iksy iek`T, ie`kqrqw jW mih&l iv`c iksy ^wsguxvwn ivAkqI Awaux nwl au~Qy vwqwvrn ruSnw jWdw hY, rOxk hojWdI hY Aqy sohxI ^uSbU PYl jWdI hY[ is`K kOm dI id`K ikauNikdUijAW nwloN v`KrI hY so smW mMg krdw hY ik AsIN Awpxy cMgy guxauBwrky AwpxI v`KrI pCwx nUM drsweIey[

gurU swihbwn ny is`KW nUM bVI v`fI ihMmq, dlyrI Aqy hOsly dIbKiSS b^SI hoeI hY[ ijs sdkw hI BweI gurid`q isMG, aus dyswQIAW Aqy gdrI bwibAW ny kOmI prvwny bxky kYnyfw iv`c is`KWdI Awmd dw rwh KoHilAw Aqy ie`QoN jw ky dyS Awzwd krvwaux 'cv`fw Xogdwn pwieAw[ aunHW mhwn is`KW nUM dws v`loN l`K l`K pRxwm[

(140) (141)

bxw ky quhwnUM k`F skdI hY[ ieh g`l j`g zwhr ho cu`kI hY[ sqMbr2013 dy A`D iv`c ikaUbY~k srkwr duAwrw AsYNblI iv`c ilAWdwnvW ib`l 'cwrtr Aw& vYilaUz' Dwrimk G`t igxqIAW leI aujwVydI qrHW is`D ho skdw hY[ ies ib`l iv`c Drm inrp`Kqw nUM mu`dw bxwky ieh ivvsQw kIqI jw rhI hY ik koeI bMdw pbilk QwvW qydsqwr, ihzwb, burkw, gl iv`c ltkdw krws, jW isr 'qy topIAwid pihn ky nhIN jw skdw[ koeI vI ivAkqI ieh Dwrimk icMnHpihn ky iksy sMsQw jW stor iv`c nOkrI nhIN kr skdw[ hwlW ikkYnyfIAn cwrtr, jo 1982 iv`c lwgU kIqw igAw sI, muqwibk iksyvI ivAkqI nUM Drm dy nW 'qy ivqkry dw iSkwr nhIN bxwieAw jwskdw[ ikaUbY~k srkwr v`loN ilAWdy jw rhy ib`l nwl sB qoN v`Dnukswn is`KW Aqy muslmwnW dw hoxw hY[ jy koeI socy ik mYN ikaUbY`kC`f ky kYnyfw dy iksy hor Bwg 'c jw vsWgw[ pr ieM\ krn nwl ausdI jIvn Br dI bxweI jwiedwd kOfIAW dy BwA ivkygI[ dUjy pwsie`QoN au~jVy lokW dy vD rhy vyg nwl dUjIAW QwvW 'qy mihMgIAWjwiedwdW imlxgIAW[

ienHW g`lW nUM mu`K rKidAW bMdy nUM kdy vI AwpxI mwqBUmI,Awpxy mUl, AwpxI mW bolI Aqy Awpxy s`iBAwcwr nwloN tu`txw nhINcwhIdw[ ienHW nwloN tu`itAW bMdw mwnoN nw Gr dw Aqy nw hI Gwt dwrihMdw hY[ pRoPYsr surjIq isMG Anuswr siBAwcwr Aqy is`KI jIvndw irSqw kukVI Aqy AWfy vwlw hY[ Bwv jykr kukVI ishqmMdhovygI qW aus dw AWfw vI ishqmMd hovygw[ pr jy kukVI kmzor hYqW auh AWfy dyx qoN vI AsmrQ hovygI[ so au~cw-su`cw s`iBAwcwris`KI jIvn dw ie`k ivSyS Aqy vfmu`lw AMg hY[ is`KI kyvl SbdnhIN ieh mnu`KI rihxI-bihxI, jIvn-jWc, nYiqk kdrW-kImqW,rhu-rIqW, soc-ivcwr Aqy mwniskqw dw ie`k gwfI rsqw hY[ is`KIdI ivcwrDwrw ie`k cwnx munwry dI inAweIN hY[ ies ny lok-bolIpMjwbI nUM ApxwieAw 'qy ies dI il`pI gurmuKI nUM vrqky ie`k AmIrAqy Anmol Kzwnw swfI JolI pwieAw hY[ ies Kzwny dy Awsry hIis`KI mhwn hY[ is`K s`c dI wqr AwpxIAW AOkVW Aqy sm`isAwvWnUM iKVy m`Qy J`ldw hY, kwl koTVIAW AMdr vI srUrI s`dW lwauNdw hY[Aqy PWsI dy q^iqAW 'qy KVHw vI ij`q dy jYkwry guMjwauNdw hY[

is`K kOm aumr 'c CotI hY, igxqI iv`c vI QoVHI hY pr h`k,s`c, iensw& Aqy AwzwdI dI pRwpqI leI kurbwnIAW dyx iv`c sBqoN au~qm hY[

A`j loV hY kOmI eykqw dI, kOm dy isDwqW nUM ivdySW iv`cdrswaux dI, v`fy-vfyirAW dIAW kIqIAW kurbwnIAW 'qy Pul cVHwauxdI Aqy Awpxy ivrsy nUM hrw Brw r`Kx dI[ gurUAW dI ikRpw sdkwAwpW nUM rihx leI ikqnw Swndwr, cMgIAW shUlqW vwlw, inAWpwlk,mnu`KI kdrW-kImqW dI ie`zq krn vwlw, AOrqW nUM mnu`KW dy bwrbrh`k idvwaux vwlw Aqy Awpxy ivcwrW nUM AwzwdI nwl pRgtwauxvwlw mulk nsIb hoieAw hY[ ies leI Awpxw &rz vI bxdw hY ikAsIN koeI mwVI g`l Aqy mwVw kMm nw krIey[ sgoN sB nwl ipAwr,siqkwr Aqy imAwr BrI g`lbwq krIey Aqy aun`qISIl kMm krkyidKweIey qWik swfI kOm dI SwlwGw hovy[ ies iv`c hI swfw swirAWdw Aqy kOm dw Blw hY[

hwSm Swh dy kQn Anuswr 'jIvn ij`q aunHW nUM hI nsIb huMdIhY ijhVy ihMmq nUM Xwr bxwauNdy hn Aqy mnu`Kqw nwl ipAwr krdyhn'[ dunIAW dy hr bMdy AMdr jW kOm AMdr ieh KwihS huMdI hY ikAwpxI pCwx bxweIey [ pr pCwx bxwaux leI iksy KwsIAq dIzrUrq hY ijvyN iksy iek`T, ie`kqrqw jW mih&l iv`c iksy ^wsguxvwn ivAkqI Awaux nwl au~Qy vwqwvrn ruSnw jWdw hY, rOxk hojWdI hY Aqy sohxI ^uSbU PYl jWdI hY[ is`K kOm dI id`K ikauNikdUijAW nwloN v`KrI hY so smW mMg krdw hY ik AsIN Awpxy cMgy guxauBwrky AwpxI v`KrI pCwx nUM drsweIey[

gurU swihbwn ny is`KW nUM bVI v`fI ihMmq, dlyrI Aqy hOsly dIbKiSS b^SI hoeI hY[ ijs sdkw hI BweI gurid`q isMG, aus dyswQIAW Aqy gdrI bwibAW ny kOmI prvwny bxky kYnyfw iv`c is`KWdI Awmd dw rwh KoHilAw Aqy ie`QoN jw ky dyS Awzwd krvwaux 'cv`fw Xogdwn pwieAw[ aunHW mhwn is`KW nUM dws v`loN l`K l`K pRxwm[

(140) (141)

pusqk prmwx

pMjwbIsohx suirMdr isMG sMGw 'skrUlvI' (1999) kYnyfIAn is`KW dw

ieiqhws 1880 qoN 2000 q`k Bwg pihlw[

joS sohx isMG (1976) kwmwgwtw mwrU dw duKWq[ cMfIgVH: pMjwbbu`k sYNtr[

jgjIq isMG (1979) gdr pwrtI lihrW[ id`lI nvXug pbilSrz[

pUrn isMG (2008) kwmwgwtw mwrU dw duKWq[ kYnyfIAn is`K st`fIAYNf tIicMg suswietI, vYnkUvr[

jsvMq isMG (1983) bwbw gurid`q isMG, jlMDr, inaU bu`k kMpnI[

gurBjn isMG ig`l (1997) inSwnI golfn jublI KyfW 1997 ShIdkrqwr isMG srwBw[ PuAwiel ipRNtz, luiDAwxw[

pRoPYsr mohn isMG PwaUNfySn (kYnyfw) (2008) mylw gdrI bwibAWdw[ sMpwdk jsbIr sMDU[

svwmI bRhm dyv audwsI (2008) sRI dsm gRMQ swihb AqycirqRopiKAwn[ sMgm pblIkySnz smwxw[

gurUmyl isMG is`DU (2010) Awid gRMQ qoN dsm gRMQ q`k AkwdimkivSlySx[ pMjwbI swihq pblIkySn tr`st AmrIkw[

svrwj isMG (1999) Aw is`K pMjwb qUM Gr Aw! hWs ipRMitMg srIbI. sI. kYnyfw[

prmjIq isMG j`j (2005) prvwsI pMjwbI[ ieiqhwsk Aqy smwijksMdrQ[ rvI swihq pRkwSn, AMimRqsr[

igAwnI sMq isMG mskIn (1999) dyS-ivdyS dy gurduAwirAW dwpRbMDkI FWcw Aqy pRcwrk SRyxI bjwr mweI syvw, AMimRqsr[

iqRlocn isMG ig`l (2011) AmrIkw, kYnyfw qy pMjwbI ivSvBwrqIpRkwSn, brnwlw[

gurcrn isMG syKoN (2003) du`K pRdySW dy[ BweI cqr isMG AYNfjIvn isMG, AMimRqsr[

iqRlocn isMG ig`l (2009) bhu-BwSweI kYnyfw, kOmIAqW qy ieiqhws[kvI sihq pRkwSn, AMimRqsr[

sohn isMG joS (2007) ihMdusqwn gdr pwrtI dw sMKyp ieiqhws[cyqnw pRkwSn, pMjwbI Bvn luiDAwxw[

hrcMd isMG bydI (1996) prvwsI swihq 'qy Koj, brqwnvI pMjwbIglp: nslvwVI pirKyp[ gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI,AMimRqsr[

divMdr isMG du`gl (2012) is`K kOm dw Swndwr ivrsw[ DrmpRcwr kmytI, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI sRI AMimRqsr[

EnglishBaba Gurdit Singh (1928). Yoyage of the Komagatamaru or In-

dian slavery abroad (Calcutta : author n.d.)Chandra, K.V.C. (1973) Racial diserimination in Canada, Sa

Francisco: R & E Research Associates.Dodd Balwinder Singh (1972). Social Changes in two overseas

communities , Vanacouver: U.B.C.Johnston, Hugh (1979). The Voyage of the Kamagatamaru, Delhi

: Oxford University press.Kazimi Ali (2011). Undesirables, White Canada and the

Kamagata Maru, Vancouver, D & M PublishersGurbachan Singh (1993). Babbar Akali Movement - A Histroical

Survey, Aman Publications.Kesar Singh (1989). Canadian Sikhs. (Part I) Kamagatamaru

Massacre, Survey, B.C.Sarjeet Singh (1991). An oral History of the Sikhs in British

Columbia, Thesis M.A. Vancouver, B.C. U.B.C.Khushwant Singh (1996). History of the Sikhs (1839-1964). Vol.

II Priccation: U.P.Ward. W. Peter (1990). The Komagata Maru Incident in White

Canada Forever: Popular Attitudes amd Public Policy to-wards Oriantals in B.C. Montreal M.C. Gill Queen's Uni-versity Press.

(142) (143)

pusqk prmwx

pMjwbIsohx suirMdr isMG sMGw 'skrUlvI' (1999) kYnyfIAn is`KW dw

ieiqhws 1880 qoN 2000 q`k Bwg pihlw[

joS sohx isMG (1976) kwmwgwtw mwrU dw duKWq[ cMfIgVH: pMjwbbu`k sYNtr[

jgjIq isMG (1979) gdr pwrtI lihrW[ id`lI nvXug pbilSrz[

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gurUmyl isMG is`DU (2010) Awid gRMQ qoN dsm gRMQ q`k AkwdimkivSlySx[ pMjwbI swihq pblIkySn tr`st AmrIkw[

svrwj isMG (1999) Aw is`K pMjwb qUM Gr Aw! hWs ipRMitMg srIbI. sI. kYnyfw[

prmjIq isMG j`j (2005) prvwsI pMjwbI[ ieiqhwsk Aqy smwijksMdrQ[ rvI swihq pRkwSn, AMimRqsr[

igAwnI sMq isMG mskIn (1999) dyS-ivdyS dy gurduAwirAW dwpRbMDkI FWcw Aqy pRcwrk SRyxI bjwr mweI syvw, AMimRqsr[

iqRlocn isMG ig`l (2011) AmrIkw, kYnyfw qy pMjwbI ivSvBwrqIpRkwSn, brnwlw[

gurcrn isMG syKoN (2003) du`K pRdySW dy[ BweI cqr isMG AYNfjIvn isMG, AMimRqsr[

iqRlocn isMG ig`l (2009) bhu-BwSweI kYnyfw, kOmIAqW qy ieiqhws[kvI sihq pRkwSn, AMimRqsr[

sohn isMG joS (2007) ihMdusqwn gdr pwrtI dw sMKyp ieiqhws[cyqnw pRkwSn, pMjwbI Bvn luiDAwxw[

hrcMd isMG bydI (1996) prvwsI swihq 'qy Koj, brqwnvI pMjwbIglp: nslvwVI pirKyp[ gurU nwnk dyv XUnIvristI,AMimRqsr[

divMdr isMG du`gl (2012) is`K kOm dw Swndwr ivrsw[ DrmpRcwr kmytI, SRomxI gurduAwrw pRbMDk kmytI sRI AMimRqsr[

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