Capítulo5 Camadade Enlace (Link Layer) & RedesLocais (LANs)marco/cursos/ea074_12_1/slides/... · 2012-05-31 · •campo de EDC grandepropiciamelhordeteçãoe correção. 5:

5 Camada de Enlace de Dados 5-1

Capiacutetulo 5Camada de Enlace (Link Layer) amp Redes Locais(LANs)A note on the use of these ppt slidesWersquore making these slides freely available to all (faculty students readers) Theyrsquore in PowerPoint form so you can add modify and delete slides (including this one) and slide content to suit your needs They obviously represent a lot of work on our part In return for use we only ask the following If you use these slides (eg in a class) in substantially unaltered form that you mention their source (after all wersquod like people to use our book) If you post any slides in substantially unaltered form on a www site that you note that they are adapted from (or perhaps identical to) our slides and note our copyright of this material

Thanks and enjoy JFKKWR

All material copyright 1996-2007JF Kurose and KW Ross All Rights Reserved

Computer Networking A Top Down Approach 5th edition Jim Kurose Keith RossAddison-Wesley April 2009


Capiacutetulo 5 A Camada de Enlaced de DadosObjetivos do capiacutetulo Entender os princiacutepios associados aos serviccedilos

da camada de enlace de dados Deteccedilatildeo de erros correccedilatildeo Compartilhamento do canal de broadcast acesso

muacuteltiplo Endereccedilamento na camada de enlace Transferecircncia confiaacutevel de dados controle de

fluxosemelhante aos conceitos discutidos na camadade transporte

Instanciaccedilatildeo e implementaccedilatildeo de tecnologiasdiversas para a camada de enlace


Camada de Enlace

51 Introduccedilatildeo e serviccedilos

52 Deteccedilatildeo e correccedilatildeo de erros

53 Protocolos de acesso muacuteltiplo

54 Endereccedilamento nacamada de enlace

55 Ethernet

56 Switches de camadade enlace

57 PPP 58 Virtualizaccedilatildeo na

camada de enlace ATM MPLS


Camada de Enlace IntroduccedilatildeoTerminologia hosts e roteadores satildeo noacutes

Canais de comunicaccedilatildeo queconectam noacutes adjacentes em um caminho de comunicaccedilatildeo satildeodenominados enlaces

Enlaces com fio (wired links) Enlaces sem fio (wireless links) LANs

Pacote de camada 2 denomina-se frame e encapsula datagramas

A camada de enlace de dados tem a responsabilidadede transferir datagramas entre noacutes adjacentes conectadosatraveacutes de um enlace


Camada de Enlace contexto

bull Datagrama transferidopor protocolos de enlace diferentes sobreenlaces diferentes

ex Ethernet no primeiroenlace frame relay nosenlaces intermediaacuterios e 80211 no uacuteltimo enlace

Cada protocolo de enlace fornece serviccedilosdiferentes

ex pode ou natildeo provertransferecircncia confiaacutevel no enlace

Analogia com o transporte Viagem de Princeton a Lausanne

limo Princeton a JFK aviatildeo JFK a Geneva trem Geneva a Lausanne

turista = datagrama Segmento de transporte =

enlace de comunicaccedilatildeo Modo de transporte =

protocolo de camada de enlace

Agente de viagem = algoritmo de roteamento


Serviccedilos da Camada de Enlace enquadramento acesso ao enlace

encapsula datagrama no quadro adiciona cabeccedilalho e trailer (cauda)

Acesso ao canal se o meio eacute compartilhado Endereccedilos ldquoMACrdquo usados nos cabeccedilalhos dos quadros

(frames) para identificar a fonte e o destinobull Diferentes do endereccedilo IP

Entrega confiaacutevel de dados entre noacutes adjacentes Jaacute vimos antes (capiacutetulo 3) Raramente usado nos enlaces com baixa taxa de erro de

bit (fibra alguns tipos de pares tranccedilados) Enlaces sem-fio (wireless) alta taxa de erro

bull Q Porquecirc confiabilidade no niacutevel do enlace e no fim-a-fim


Serviccedilos da Camada de Enlace (mais) Controle de fluxo

Regulaccedilatildeo entre os noacutes emissor e receptor adjacentes

Deteccedilatildeo de erro erros causados pela atenuaccedilatildeo do sinal e ruiacutedo Receptor deteta a presenccedila de erros

bull Sinaliza o emissor para retransmissatildeo do quadro

Correccedilatildeo de erro Receptor identifica e corrige erro(s) de bit(s) sem

necessidade de retransmissatildeo half-duplex e full-duplex

No half duplex os noacutes de ambos os lados podemtransmitir mas natildeo ao mesmo tempo


Onde a Camada de Enlace eacuteimplementada

Em todos os noacutes Implementada em um

ldquoadaptadorrdquo (placa de rede (network interface card - NIC)

placa PCMCI Ethernet placa 80211

Implementa as camadasfiacutesica e de enlace

Conectada aobarramento do sistema

Combinaccedilatildeo de hardware software firmware

controller

physicaltransmission

cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic

applicationtransportnetwork

link

linkphysical


Comunicaccedilatildeo entre os adaptadores

Lado emissor Encapsula o datagrama no

quadro Adiciona os bits para

deteccedilatildeo de erro rdt controle de fluxo etc

Lado receptor Busca por erros rdt

controle de fluxo etc extrai o datagrama e

passa-o para a camadasuperior no lado receptor

controller controller

sending host receiving host

datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





Deteccedilatildeo de ErroEDC= Error Detection and Correction bits (redundacircncia)D = Dado protegido pelo algoritmo de deteccedilatildeo de erro podendoincluir os campos do cabeccedilalho

bull a deteccedilatildeo de erros natildeo eacute 100 confiaacutevelbull protocolo pode falhar na deteccedilatildeo de alguns erros entretantoisto raramente acontecebull campo de EDC grande propicia melhor deteccedilatildeo e correccedilatildeo


Check de ParidadeBit de ParidadeDeteta erros de bit uacutenico

Bit de Paridade bi-dimensionalDeteta e corrige erros de bit uacutenico

0 0


Checksum na Internet (revisatildeo)

emissor Trata o conteuacutedo dos

segmentos comosequecircncias de inteiros de 16 bits

checksum adiccedilatildeo (soma dos complementos de 1) do conteuacutedo do segmento

Emissor coloca o valor do checksum no campo correspondente

Receptor Computa o checksum do

segmento recebido Examina se o checksum

determinado eacute igual ao valor do campo correspondente

Natildeo ndash erro detetado Sim ndash erro natildeo detetado

entretanto pode havererro

Objetivo detetar ldquoerrosrdquo no pacote transmitido (nota usado somente na camada de transporte)


Checksumming Cyclic Redundancy Check

Enxerga os bits do dado D como um nuacutemero binaacuterio Escolhe padratildeo formado por r+1 bits (gerador) G objetivo escolher r CRC bits R tal que

ltDRgt seja divisiacutevel por G (moacutedulo 2) Receptor conhece G divide ltDRgt por G Caso a divisatildeo possua

resto diferente de zero erro detetado Permite detetar todos os erros em rajada menores do que r+1

bits Bastante utilizado na praacutetica (Ethernet 80211 WiFi ATM)


Exemplo CRCDeseja-se

D2r + R = nGequivalentemente

D2r = nG + R equivalentemente

se dividirmos D2r

por G obteremos o resto R

R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





Enlaces de Acesso Muacuteltiplo e ProtocolosDois tipos de enlaces Ponto-a-ponto

PPP para acesso discado Enlace ponto-a-ponto entre switch Ethernet e host

broadcast (barramento compartilhado ou meioaeacutereo)

Ethernet antigo 80211 wireless LAN

shared wire (eg cabled Ethernet)

shared RF(eg 80211 WiFi)

shared RF(satellite)

humans at acocktail party

(shared air acoustical)


Protocolos de Acesso Muacuteltiplo Canal de broadcast uacutenico compartilhado Duas ou mais transmissotildees simultacircneas interferecircncia

Colisatildeo se dois ou mais sinais satildeo enviados ao mesmo tempoProtocolo de acesso muacuteltiplo Algoritmo distribuiacutedo que determina como os noacutes

compartilham o canal isto eacute determina quando o noacutepode transmitir

A comunicaccedilatildeo sobre o compartilhamento do canal utiliza o proacuteprio canal

Natildeo existe um canal fora da banda para fins de coordenaccedilatildeo


Protocolo de Acesso Muacuteltiplo Ideal

Canal de Broadcast com taxa de R bps1 Quando um noacute deseja transmitir ele o faz agrave taxa

de R bps2 Quando M noacutes desejam transmitir cada um deles

transmite a uma taxa de RM bps3 Completamente descentralizado

Natildeo existe um noacute especial para coordenar as transmissotildees

Natildeo existe sincronizaccedilatildeo de reloacutegios e slots4 Deve ser simples


Protocolos MAC taxonomiaTrecircs grandes classes Particionamento de canal

Divide o canal em pedaccedilos menores(slots de tempo frequecircncia coacutedigo)

Aloca o pedaccedilo ao noacute para uso exclusivo Acesso aleatoacuterio

O canal natildeo eacute dividido possibilita ocorrecircncia de colisatildeo Recuperaccedilatildeo quando da ocorrecircncia de colisotildees

Passagem de permissatildeo Noacutes transmitem nos seus turnos


Protocolos MAC baseados no particionamento do canal TDMA

TDMA time division multiple access O acesso ao canal se daacute somente via seu slot de tempo Cada estaccedilatildeo recebe um slot de tamanho fixo (tamanho

= tempo de transmissatildeo de um quadro) Slots natildeo utilizados satildeo perdidos exemplo 6 estaccedilotildees na LAN 134 tecircm quadros para

transmitir slots 256 satildeo desperdiccedilados

1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe


Protocolos de particionamento do canal FDMA

FDMA frequency division multiple access O espectro do canal eacute dividido em bandas de frequecircncia Cada estaccedilatildeo recebe uma banda de frequecircncia fixa Tempo de transmissatildeo desperdiccedilado nas bandas de frequecircncia

natildeo utilizadas exemplo 6 estaccedilotildees na LAN 134 tecircm pacts para transmitir

faixas de frequecircncia 2 5 e 6 desperdiccediladas

freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable


Protocolos de Acesso Aleatoacuterio

Quando o noacute tem pacote para enviar Transmite na taxa maacutexima do canal (R) Natildeo existe qualquer coordenaccedilatildeo a priori entre os noacutes

Dois ou mais noacutes transmitindo ldquocolisatildeordquo Protocolo MAC de acesso aleatoacuterio especifica

Como detetar colisotildees Como recuperar apoacutes a ocorrecircncia de colisotildees (ex via

retransmissotildees) Exemplos de protocolos de acesso ao meio aleatoacuterios

slotted ALOHA ALOHA CSMA CSMACD CSMACA


Slotted ALOHA

Hipoacuteteses Todos os quadros possuem o

mesmo tamanho O tempo eacute dividido em slots

de mesmo tamanho (tempo para transmitir 1 quadro)

Os noacutes transmitem somenteno iniacutecio de cada slot

Os noacutes satildeo sincrozinados Se 2 ou mais noacutes transmitem

no mesmo slot todos os noacutesdetetam a colisatildeo

Operaccedilatildeo Quando um noacute tem um novo

quadro para enviar transmiteno proacuteximo slot

Se natildeo tiver colisatildeo o noacutepode enviar um novo quadrono proacuteximo slot

Se tiver colisatildeo o noacuteretransmite o quadro emcada slot subsequente com probabilidade p ateacute obtersucesso


Slotted ALOHA

Proacutes Quando um uacutenico encontra-

se ativo ele podetransmitir continuamentena taxa plena do canal

Altamente descentralizado somente os slots precisamser sincronizados nos noacutes

simples

Contra Colisotildees slots

desperdiccedilados Clock de sincronizaccedilatildeo


Eficiecircncia do Slotted Aloha

supor N noacutes com muitosquadros para transmitir cadanoacute transmite no slot com probabilidade p

Probabilidade que um noacute tenhasucesso em um slot = p(1-p)N-1

Probabilidade que qualquer noacutetenha sucesso = Np(1-p)N-1

Eficiecircncia maacutexima encontre p quemaximize Np(1-p)N-1

No caso de muitos noacutes obter o limite de Np(1-p)N-1 agrave medidaque N converge para o infinito

Max efficiency = 1e = 37

Eficiecircncia fraccedilatildeo de longo prazodos slots transmitidos com sucesso (supor muitos noacutes e todos com muitos pacotes paratransmitir

desempenho canal usado paratransmissotildees uacuteteisem 37 do tempo


ALOHA Puro (natildeo-particionado) Aloha puro simples sem sincronizaccedilatildeo Quando um quadro eacute obtido para transmissatildeo

transmite imediatamente Probabilidade de colisatildeo aumenta

Quadro enviado em t0 colide com outras quadros enviados em[t0-1t0+1]


Eficiecircncia do Aloha PuroP(successo) = P(transmissatildeo do noacute)

P(nenhum noacute transmite em [t0-1t0] P(nenhum outro noacute transmite em [t0t0+1]

= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)

hellip determinando a probabilidade p oacutetima e fazendo ntender para o infinito temos

= 1(2e) = 18

Pior do que o slotted Aloha


CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access)

CSMA escuta antes de transmitir Se o canal eacute percebido inativo transmite o quadro

completamente Se o canal eacute percebido ocupado adia a transmissatildeo


Colisotildees CSMA

As colisotildees ainda podemocorrerAtraso de propagaccedilatildeo podefazer com que os noacutes natildeopercebam que o outro estaacutetransmitindo -gt perda de tempo

Colisatildeotodo o tempo de transmissatildeodo pacote eacute desperdiccedilado

spatial layout of nodes


CSMACD (Collision Detection)CSMACD deteccedilatildeo de portadora deferecircncia como

no CSMAbull Colisotildees detectadas num tempo mais curtobull Transmissotildees com colisotildees satildeo interrompidas

reduzindo o desperdiacutecio do canal bull Detecccedilatildeo de colisatildeo bull Faacutecil em LANs cabeadas mediccedilatildeo da intensidade

do sinal comparaccedilatildeo dos sinais transmitidos e recebidos

bull Difiacutecil em LANs sem fio receptor desligadoenquanto transmitindo


CSMACD collision detection


Protocolos MAC com passagem de permissatildeoProtocolos MAC com particionamento de canaisbull Compartilham o canal eficientemente quando a

carga eacute alta e bem distribuiacutedabull Ineficiente nas cargas baixas atraso no acesso

ao canal A estaccedilatildeo consegue uma banda de 1N da capacidade do canal mesmo que haja apenas 1 noacute ativo

Protocolos MAC de acesso aleatoacuteriobull Eficiente nas cargas baixas um uacutenico noacute pode

usar todo o canalbull Cargas altas excesso de colisotildees

Protocolos de passagem de permissatildeoBuscam o melhor dos dois mundos


Protocolos MAC com passagem de permissatildeoPollingbull Noacute mestre

ldquoconvidardquo osescravos a transmitirem um de cada vez

bull Problemasbull Polling overhead bull Latecircnciabull Ponto uacutenico de

falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data


Protocolos MAC com passagem de permissao (cont)Token passingbull Controla um token

passado de um noacute a outrosequumlencialmente

bull Mensagem tokenbull Problemas

bull Token overhead bull Latecircnciabull Ponto uacutenico de

falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T


Sumaacuterio dos Protocolos MAC

Como se faz com um canal compartilhado Particionamento de canal no tempo porfrequumlecircncia ou por coacutedigo

bull Divisatildeo temporal divisatildeo por coacutedigo divisatildeo por frequumlecircncia Particionamento aleatoacuterio (dinacircmico)

bull ALOHA S-ALOHA CSMA CSMACDbull Detecccedilatildeo de portadora faacutecil em alguns meios fiacutesicos

(cabos) e difiacutecil em outros (wireless)bull CSMACD usado na rede Ethernetbull CSMACA usado em 80211

Passagem de permissatildeobull Polling a partir de um site central passagem de token


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





Endereccedilos MAC e ARP

Endereccedilo IP de 32 bits Endereccedilo de camada de rede Usado para encaminhar o datagrama agrave subrede IP de destino

Endereccedilo MAC (ou rede ou fiacutesico ouEthernet)

funccedilatildeo encaminhar o quadro de uma interface a outrainterface fisicamente conectada isto eacute na mesma rede(subrede)

Endereccedilo MAC de 48 bits (maior parte das LANs)bull ldquoqueimadordquo na ROM da placa (NIC) possiacutevel em alguns casos de

ser configurado via software


Endereccedilos de LAN e ARPCada adaptador de rede possui um uacutenico endereccedilo MAC

Broadcast address =FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN(wired orwireless)


Endereccedilo de LAN (cont)

Alocaccedilatildeo do endereccedilo MAC eacute administrada pelo IEEE O fabricante compra porccedilotildees do espaccedilo de endereccedilo MAC

(para assegurar a unicidade) Analogia

(a) endereccedilo MAC semelhante ao nuacutemero do RG(b) endereccedilo IP semelhante a um endereccedilo postal

Endereccedilamento MAC eacute ldquoflatrdquo =gt portabilidade

Eacute possiacutevel mover uma placa de LAN de uma rede paraoutra sem reconfiguraccedilatildeo de endereccedilo MAC

Endereccedilamento IP ldquohieraacuterquicordquo =gt NAtildeO portaacutevel

Depende da rede na qual se estaacute ligado


ARP Protocolo de Resoluccedilatildeo de Endereccedilos

Cada noacute IP (host roteador) numa LAN tem um moacutedulo e uma tabela ARP

Tabela ARP mapeamento de endereccedilos IPMAC para algunsnoacutes da LAN

lt endereccedilo IP endereccedilo MAC TTLgt

TTL (Time To Live) tempo depois do qual o mapeamentode endereccedilos seraacute esquecido(tipicamente 20 min)

Questatildeo como determinar o endereccedilo MAC de B dado o endereccedilo IP de B

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788


ARP protocol Same LAN (network)

A quer enviar um datagramapara B e o endereccedilo MAC de B natildeo estaacute na tabela ARP de A

A faz broadcast de pacote de consulta ARP contendo o endereccedilo IP de B

end MAC de destino = FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

todas as maacutequinas na LAN recebem a consulta ARP

B recebe o pacote ARP responde para A com seuendereccedilo MAC (de B)

Quadro enviado para o end MAC de A (unicast)

A faz um cache (salva) o par de endereccedilos IP para MAC emsua tabela ARP ateacute que a informaccedilatildeo se torne antiga(time-out)

soft state informaccedilatildeoque expira (eacute descartada) sem atualizaccedilatildeo

ARP eacute ldquoplug-and-playrdquo Noacutes criam suas tabelas

ARP sem intervenccedilatildeo do administrador da rede


Roteamento para outra LAN

R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2

objetivo enviar datagrama de A para B via Rsupotildee que A conhece o endereccedilo IP de B

Duas tabelas ARP no roteador R uma para cada redeIP (LAN)


A cria o pacote IP com origem A destino B A usa ARP para obter o endereccedilo de camada fiacutesica de R

correspondente ao endereccedilo IP 111111111110 A cria um quadro Ethernet com o endereccedilo fiacutesico de R como

destino o quadro Ethernet conteacutem o datagrama IP de A para B A camada de enlace de A envia o quadroEthernet A camada de enlace de R recebe o quadro Ethernet R remove o datagrama IP do quadro Ethernet verifica que ele

se destina a B R usa ARP para obter o endereccedilo fiacutesico de B R cria quadro contendo um datagrama de A para B e envia para B

R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





EthernetTecnologia de rede local ldquodominanterdquo Barata $20 por NIC Primeira tecnologia de LAN largamente usada Mais simples e mais barata que LANs com token e ATM Velocidade crescente 10Mbps ndash 10Gbps

Metcalfersquos Ethernetsketch


Topologia em Estrela Topologia de bus popular em meados dos anos

90 Todos os noacutes encontram-se no mesmo domiacutenio de colisatildeo

(podem colidir entre si) Atualmente a topologia em estrela prevalece

switch encontra-se no centro Os noacutes natildeo colidem mais entre si

switch

bus coaxial cable star


Estrutura dos Quadros EthernetAdaptador do transmissor encapsula o datagrama IP

(ou outro pacote de protocolo da camada de rede) num quadro Ethernet

Preacircmbulo 7 bytes com padratildeo 10101010 seguido por um byte

com padratildeo 10101011 usado para sincronizar as taxas de reloacutegio do

transmissor e do receptor


Estrutura dos Quadros Ethernet (mais) Endereccedilos 6 bytes

Se o adaptador recebe um quadro com endereccedilo de destinocoincidente ou com endereccedilo de broadcast (ex pacoteARP) ele passa o dado no quadro para o protocolo da camadade rede

Em outro caso o adaptador descarta o quadro Tipo indica o protocolo da camada superior geralmente eacute o

protocolo IP mas outros podem ser suportados tais comoNovell IPX e AppleTalk)

CRC verificado no receptor se um erro eacute detectado o quadro eacutesimplesmente descartado


Ethernet Serviccedilo natildeo-confiaacutevel semconexatildeo

Sem conexatildeo natildeo ocorre conexatildeo entre osadaptadores do transmissor e do receptor

Natildeo confiaacutevel adaptador do receptor natildeo envia ACKsou nacks para o adaptador do transmissor

O fluxo de datagramas que passa para a camada de rede podeter lacunas (faltam datagramas)

Lacunas seratildeo preenchidas se a aplicaccedilatildeo estiver usando TCP

Caso contraacuterio a aplicaccedilatildeo perceberaacute as lacunas

Protocolo MAC Ethernet unslotted CSMACD


Algoritmo CSMACD Ethernet

1 Adaptador recebe datagrama dacamada de rede cria quadro

2 Se o adaptador sente o canal inativo inicia a transmissatildeoSe o adaptador sente o canal ocupado espera ateacute o canal ficarinativo entatildeo transmite

3 Se o adaptador transmitecompletamente o quadro semdetetar uma outra transmissatildeo a transmissatildeo ocorreu com sucesso

4 Se o adaptador deteta uma outratransmissatildeo enquanto estaacutetransmitindo aborta e envia um sinal de reforccedilo (jamming)

5 Apoacutes abortar a transmissatildeo o adaptador inicia o processo de exponential backoff apoacutes a nth colisatildeo o adaptador escolhe k aleatoriamente a partir de01248hellip2n - 1 O adaptadorespera K512 bit-times e retornaao passo 2


Algoritmo CSMACD Ethernet (mais)

Sinal de Jamming garante quetodos os outros transmissorestomem conhecimento dacolisatildeo 48 bits

Bit time 1 microseg paraEthernet a 10 Mbpspara K=1023 tempo de esperaeacute da ordem de 50 msec

Exponential Backoff Objetivo adaptar tentativas de

retransmissatildeo para carga atualda rede

Carga pesada esperaaleatoacuteria seraacute mais longa

Primeira colisatildeo escolhe K entre 01 espera eacute K x 512 tempos de transmissatildeo de bit

Apoacutes a segunda colisatildeo escolheK entre 0 1 2 3hellip

Apoacutes 10 ou mais colisotildees escolhe K entre 0 1 2 3 4hellip1023

Seeinteract with Javaapplet on AWL Web sitehighly recommended


CSMACD efficiency Tprop = atraso maacuteximo de propagaccedilatildeo entre 2 noacutes na

LAN ttrans = tempo de transmissatildeo do quadro de tamanho

maacuteximo

Eficiecircncia converge para 1 agrave medida que tprop tente a 0 agrave medida que ttrans tende a infinito

Desempenho melhor do que o ALOHA e ainda com as propriedades de ser simples barato e descentralizado

transprop ttefficiency

51

1

+=


Padrotildees Ethernet 8023 Camadas de Enlace amp Fiacutesica

vaacuterios padrotildees Ethernet diferentes Protocolo MAC e formato de quadro comuns Velocidades diferentes 2 Mbps 10 Mbps 100

Mbps 1Gbps 10G bps Meios fiacutesicos diversos fibra cabo


linkphysical

MAC protocoland frame format

100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4

100BASE-FX100BASE-T2

100BASE-SX 100BASE-BX

Fibra ndash camada fiacutesicacobre (par tranccedilado) Camada fiacutesica


Codificaccedilatildeo Mancheter

Usado no 10BaseT Cada bit possui uma transiccedilatildeo Permite que os reloacutegios no emissor e no receptor

se sincronizem elimina a necessidade de um reloacutegio central global

Discussatildeo relativa agrave Camada Fiacutesica


Gigabit Ethernet

Usa o formato do quadro do Ethernet padratildeo

Permite enlaces ponto-a-ponto e canais de muacuteltiplo acesso compartilhados

No modo compartilhado o CSMACD eacuteusado exige pequenas distacircncias entre osnoacutes para ser eficiente

Full-Duplex a 1 Gbps para enlaces ponto-a-ponto

10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





Hubshellip repetidores de camada fiacutesica (ldquodumbrdquo)

Bits recebidos em um enlace satildeo encaminhados emtodos os outros enlaces na mesma taxa

Os noacutes conectados ao hub podem colidir entre eles Natildeo haacute bufferizaccedilatildeo do quadro CSMACD no hub os adaptadores nos hots detetam

as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub


Switch Dispositivo de camada de enlace mais inteligentes do

que os hubs ndash papel ativo Armazena e encaminha quadros Ethernet Examina o cabeccedilalho do quadro e seletivamente encaminha o

quadro baseado no endereccedilo MAC de destino Quando um quadro estaacute para ser encaminhado no segmento

usa CSMACD para acessar o segmento transparente

Os hosts natildeo tecircm conhecimento da presenccedila dos switches plug-and-play self-learning

Os switches natildeo necessitam de configuraccedilatildeo


Switch permite muacuteltiplas transmissotildeessimultacircneas

hosts tecircm conexatildeo dedicadae direta com o switch

switches bufferizam pacotes Protocolo Ethernet eacute usado

em cada enlace entretantonatildeo haacute colisatildeo full duplex

switching A-to-Arsquo e B-to-Brsquosimultacircneamente semcolisotildees

natildeo eacute possiacutevel no caso do hub

A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

switch com seis interfaces(123456)

1 2 345

6


Tabela de Comutaccedilatildeo

P como o switch conhece que Arsquo eacutealcanccedilaacutevel atraveacutes da interface 4 e que Brsquo eacute alcanccedilaacutevel via interface 5

R cada switch possui uma tabela de comutaccedilatildeo cada entrada possui

(endereccedilo MAC do host interface para alcanccedilar o host time stamp)

Parece uma tabela de roteamento P como as entradas satildeo criadas e

mantidas na tabela de comutaccedilatildeo Existe alguma coisa como um

protocolo de roteamento

A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

comutador com 6 interfaces(123456)

1 2 345

6


Switch auto-aprendizado switch aprende quais hosts

podem ser alcanccedilados a partir das interfaces do switch

Quando o quadro eacute recebido o switch ldquoaprenderdquo a locaccedilatildeo do emissor

Armazena o par emissorendereccedilo na tabela de comutaccedilatildeo

A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo

MAC addr interface TTLTabela de Comutaccedilatildeo(inicialmente vazia)

A 1 60


Switch filtragemencaminhamentodo quadroQuando um quadro eacute recebido1 Registra o enlace associado ao host emissor2 Indexa a tabela de comutaccedilatildeo com o endereccedilo MAC de destino3 if uma entrada para o destino eacute encontrada

then

if destino encontra-se no mesmo segmento onde o quadro foirecebido

then descarte o quadroelse encaminhe o quadro na direccedilatildeo da interface indicada

else inunde (flood)Encaminhar em todas as interfacesexceto na interface onde o quadrofoi recebido


Encaminhamento Self-learning exemplo

A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60

A ArsquoA ArsquoA ArsquoA ArsquoA Arsquo Destino do quadro

desconhecido flood

Arsquo A

Destino do endereccediloa eacute conhecido

Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo


Interconexatildeo de SwitchesSuponha que C envia um quadro para D

endereccedilo interface

ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3

Switch recebe o quadro de C

Anota na tabela que C estaacute na interface 1

Como D natildeo estaacute na tabela o switch encaminha o quadro para as interfaces 2 e 3

Quadro recebido por D


Self-learning multi-switch example

Suponha que D responde com um quadro para C

hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312

Switch recebe o quadro de D

Anota na tabela que D estaacute na interface 2

Como C estaacute na tabela o switch encaminha o quadro apenas para a interface 1

Quadro recebido por C

12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web


Switches vs Roteadores Ambos satildeo dispositivo store-and-forward

roteadores dispositivos de camada de rede (examina oscabeccedilalhos da camada de rede)

switches satildeo dispositivos de camada de enlace Roteadores mantecircm tabelas de roteamento implementam

algoritmos de roteamento Switches mantecircm tabelas de comutaccedilatildeo implementam

filtros e algoritmos de aprendizagem


Resumo Comparaccedilatildeo

hubs roteadores switches

isolaccedilatildeo de

traacutefegonatildeo sim sim

plug amp play sim natildeo sim

roteamento

oacutetimonatildeo sim natildeo

cut

throughsim natildeo sim


VLANs motivaccedilatildeo

O quecirc acontece se Usuaacuterio da CS move-se para

o preacutedio da EE mas desejacontinuar conectado aoswitch do CS

Domiacutenio de broadcast uacutenico Todo o traacutefego niacutevel 2 de

broadcast (ARP DHCP) atravessa a LAN inteira(seguranccedilaprivacidade questotildees de eficiecircncia)

Cada switch do niacutevel inferior possui poucas portasutilizadas

CiecircnciadaComputaccedilatildeo

Eng Eleacutetrica Eng daComputaccedilatildeo


VLANs VLAN baseada na porta portas do switch satildeo agrupadas (software de gerecircncia) de modo que um uacutenicoswitch fiacutesico helliphellip

Switch(es) quesuportam VLAN podemser configurados paradefinir muacuteltiplas LANs virtuais sobre umamesma LAN fiacutesica

Virtual Local Area Network

1

8

9

16102

7

hellip

Electrical Engineering(VLAN ports 1-8)

Computer Science(VLAN ports 9-15)

15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip


hellip opera como muacuteltiplos switches virtuais


VLAN baseado nas portas

1

8

9

16102

7

hellip

Eng Eleacutetrica(VLAN portas 1-8)

Ciecircncia da Computaccedilatildeo(VLAN portas 9-15)

15

hellip

Isolamento do traacutefegoquadros dapara as portas 1-8 podem alcanccedilar somente as portas 1-8

Possiacutevel tambeacutem definir VLANsbaseado nos endereccedilos MAC aoinveacutes das portas

Alocaccedilatildeo dinacircmica portaspodem ser dinamicamentealocadas agraves VLANs

roteador

Encaminhamento entre VLANSgeralmente via roteamento (como no caso de switches separados)


VLANS entre vaacuterios switches

trunk port transporta quadros entre VLANs definidasentre muacuteltiplos switches fiacutesicos

Quadros encaminhados na VLAN entre os switches devempossuir um identificador de VLAN

O protocolo 8021q adicionaremove campos adicionais nosquadros transportados nas portas trunk

1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73

Portas 235 pertencem agrave EE VLANPortas 4678 pertencem agrave CS VLAN

5

4 6 816

1


Type

2-bytes Tag Ident do Protocolo(valor 81-00)

Tag Control Information (campo 12 bit VLAN ID

3 bits de prioridade como no IP TOS)

RecalculadoCRC

8021Q VLAN frame format

Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





Controle do Enlace de Dados Ponto-a-Ponto Um transmissor um receptor um enlace

mais faacutecil do que enlace de broadcast Sem Media Access Control Natildeo necessita de endereccedilamento MAC

expliacutecito Ex dialup link linha ISDN

Protocolos ponto-a-ponto DLC populares PPP (point-to-point protocol) HDLC High level data link control (camada

de enlace costumava ser consideradaldquocamada altardquo na pilha de protocolos)


PPP Requisitos de Projeto [RFC 1557]

Enquadramento de pacote encapsulamento do datagramada camada de rede no quadro da camada de enlace

Transporta dados da camada de rede de qualquer protocolode rede (natildeo apenas o IP)

Capacidade de separar os protocolos na recepccedilatildeo Transparecircncia de bits deve transportar qualquer padratildeo

de bit no campo de dados Detecccedilatildeo de erros (mas natildeo correccedilatildeo) Gerenciamento da conexatildeo detecta e informa falhas do

enlace para a camada de rede Negociaccedilatildeo de endereccedilo da camada de rede os pontos

terminais do enlace podem aprender e configurar o endereccedilo de rede um do outro


PPP Natildeo suportado

Natildeo haacute correccedilatildeo nem recuperaccedilatildeo de erros Natildeo haacute controle de fluxo Aceita entregas fora de ordem Natildeo haacute necessidade de suportar enlaces

multiponto (ex polling)

Recuperaccedilatildeo de erros controle de fluxo reordenaccedilatildeodos dados satildeo todos relegados para as camadas maisaltas


PPP Quadro Flag delimitador (enquandramento) Endereccedilo natildeo tem funccedilatildeo (apenas uma opccedilatildeo

futura) Controle natildeo tem funccedilatildeo no futuro eacute possiacutevel ter

muacuteltiplos campos de controle Protocol indica o protocolo da camada superior ao

qual o conteuacutedo do quadro deve ser entregue (ex PPP-LCP IP IPCP etc)


PPP Quadro (cont)

info dados transportados da camada superior check verificaccedilatildeo de redundacircncia ciacuteclica para

detecccedilatildeo de erros


Byte Stuffing Requisito de ldquotransparecircncia de dadosrdquo o campo de dados

deve poder incluir o padratildeo correspondente ao flag lt01111110gt

P Se for recebido o padratildeo lt01111110gt eacute dado ou eacute flag Transmissor acrescenta (ldquostuffsrdquo) um byte extra com o

padratildeo lt 01111101gt (escape) antes de cada byte com o padratildeode flag lt 01111110gt nos dados

Receptor Um byte 01111101 seguido de 01111110 descarta o primeiro e

continua a recepccedilatildeo de dados Dois bytes 01111101 em sequecircncia descarta o primeiro byte o

segundo eacute dado Uacutenico byte 01111110 entatildeo eacute um flag


Byte Stuffing

flag bytepatternin datato send

flag byte pattern plusstuffed byte in transmitted data


PPP Protocolo de Controle de Dados

Antes de trocar dados da camada de rede os parceiros da camada de enlace devem

configurar o enlace PPP (tamanhomaacuteximo do quadro autenticaccedilatildeo)

Aprenderconfigurar as informaccedilotildees da camada de rede

Para o IP transportarmensagens do protocolo de controle IP (IPCP) (campo de protocolo 8021) paraconfiguraraprender osendereccedilos IP


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet



camada de enlace MPLS Um dia na vida de uma

requisiccedilatildeo Web


Virtualizaccedilatildeo de Redes

Virtualizaccedilatildeo de recursos abstraccedilatildeo poderosa usadana engenharia de sistemas

Exemplos computacionais memoacuteria virtual dispositivos virtuais Maacutequinas virtuais ex java OS IBM VM nos anos 1960rsquos70rsquos

Camada de abstraccedilotildees natildeo entra nos detalhes dacamada inferior tratando somente as camadasabaixo de forma abstrata


A Internet Virtualizaccedilatildeo de redes

1974 muacuteltiplas redesdesconectadas

ARPAnet Redes de dado sobre cabos Rede de pacotes via sateacutelite

(Aloha) Rede de pacotes via raacutedio

hellip diferindo em endereccedilamento Formato dos pacotes Recuperaccedilatildeo de erro roteamento

ARPAnet Rede de sateacuteliteA Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication V Cerf R Kahn IEEE Transactions on CommunicationsMay 1974 pp 637-648


A Internet virtualizaccedilatildeo de redes (cont)Gateway ldquoempacota os pacotes no formato

local ou desempacota-osrdquo roteia (no niacutevel de interconexatildeo)

para o proacuteximo gateway

Rede de sateacutelite

Camada de Rede (IP) endereccedilamento a camada de rede

(internetwork) aparece como umaentidade uacutenica e uniforme independetemente daheterogeneidade da rede fiacutesicaabaixo

Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet


Arquitetura de Interconexatildeo propostapor Cerf amp KahnrsquosO que eacute virtualizado Duas camadas de endereccedilamento internetwork e rede

local Nova camada (IP) torna tudo homogecircneo atraveacutes da

camada de rede Tecnologia de rede local

Cabo Sateacutelite Modem telefocircnico de 56 K Hoje ATM MPLS

hellip ldquoinivisiacutevel no niacutevel da camada de interconexatildeordquo Para o IP aparece como uma tecnologia de enlace


ATM and MPLS

ATM MPLS modelos de serviccedilo endereccedilamento e roteamento

diferentes da Internet Vistos pela Internet como um enlace loacutegico

conectando roteadores IP Semelhante a um enlace dial-up que eacute parte de

uma rede separada (rede telefocircnica) ATM MPLS interesses especiacuteficos


Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM

Padratildeo nos anos 1990rsquos00 para alta velocidade(155Mbps a 622 Mbps ou mais) arquitetura Broadband Integrated Service Digital Network (B-ISDN)

Objetivo transporte integrado de voz viacutedeo e dado Procura atender os requisitos temporaisQoS da

transmissatildeo de voz e viacutedeo (contrariamente aomodelo melhor-esforccedilo utilizado na Internet)

Telefonia ldquode proacutexima geraccedilatildeoldquo raiacutezes teacutecnicas no mundo dos telefones

Comutaccedilatildeo de pacotes (ceacutelulas de tamanho fixodenominadas ldquoceacutelulasrdquo) atraveacutes de circuitos virtuais


Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS)

Objetivo inicial agilizar o encaminhamento IP usando um ldquolabelrdquo fixo para o encaminhamento aoinveacutes do endereccedilo IP

Baseado na abordagem de circuitos virtuais (VC) O datagrama IP continua mantendo o endereccedilo IP

CabeccedilalhoPPP ou Ethernet

CabeccedilalhoIP

Resto do quadroCabeccedilalhoMPLS

label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS

Conhecidos como LSRs (label-switched routers) Encaminham os pacotes para a interface de saiacuteda

baseados somente no valor do ldquolabelrdquo (natildeo inspencionamo endereccedilo IP)

A tabela de encaminhamento MPLS eacute distinta da tabela de encaminhamento IP

Necessidade de um protocolo de sinalizaccedilatildeo paraestabelecer o encaminhamento

RSVP-TE Encaminhamento por caminhos que o IP natildeo permitiria (ex

roteamento com rota na origem) Uso do MPLS para engenharia de traacutefego

Co-existe com roteadores IP puros


R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6

in out outlabel label dest interface

6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1

Tabelas de Encaminhamento MPLS


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






Siacutentese Um dia na vida de uma requisiccedilatildeo Web

Jornada atraveacutes da pilha de protocoloscompleta aplicaccedilatildeo transporte rede enlace

Juntando tudo siacutentese objetivo identificar revisar e entender o papel

dos protocolos de todos os niacuteveis envolvidos em um cenaacuterio simples requisiccedilatildeo de uma paacutegina Web

Cenaacuterio um estudante conecta o seu laptop agrave rededo campus e requisitarecebe acesso aowwwgooglecom


Cenaacuterio

Rede Comcast 68800013

Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS

Rede da escola68802024

Navegador

Paacutegina Web


Um dia na vidahellip conectando-se agrave Internet

Obtenccedilatildeo do endereccedilo IP addr do primeiro roteador addr do servidor DNS usodo DHCP

roteador(executa DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP

Requisiccedilatildeo DHCP encapsulada no UDP encapsulada no IP encapsulada no Ethernet 8021

Quadro Ethernet broadcast(dest FFFFFFFFFFFF) na LAN recebido no roteadodr ondeexecuta o servidor DHCP

Ethernet demultiplexadono IP demultiplexado no UDP demultiplexado no DHCP


Servidor DHCP preparaDHCP ACK contendo o IP do cliente o IP do roteadordefault do cliente nome e IP do servidor DNS

router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

Encapsulamento no servidor DHCP quadroencaminhado (aprendizadodo switch) via LAN demultiplexado no Cliente

O cliente possui agora um endereccedilo IP conhece o nome e o endereccedilo do servidor DNS e o endereccedilo do seu roteadordefault

Cliente DHCP recebe o DHCP ACK



Um dia na vidahellip ARP (antes do DNS e do HTTP) Antes do envio da requisiccedilatildeo HTTP

eacute necessaacuterio o endereccedilo IP de wwwgooglecom DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

Criaccedilatildeo da consulta DNS encapsulada no UDP encapsulada no IP encasulada no Eth Para enviar o quadro eacute necessaacuterio o endereccediloMAC da interface do roteador ARP

broadcast da consulta ARP recebida pelo roteador o qualresponde com o ARP replyfornecendo o endereccedilo MAC dainterface

o cliente conhece agora o endereccediloMaC do roteador default eacute possiacutevelenviar um quadro contendo a consulta DNS

ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply


Um dia na vidahellip acessando o DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

datagrama IP contendoconsulta DNS eacuteencaminhada do cliente aoroteador default via switch

O datagrama IP eacute encaminhado darede do campus agrave rede Comcast roteado (tabelas criadas pelosprotocolos de roteamento RIP OSPF IS-IS eou BGP) aoservidor DNS

Demultiplexada no servidor DNS Servidor DNS responde ao cliente

com o endereccedilo IP de wwwgooglecom


Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS


Um dia na vidahellip conexatildeo TCP para carregar HTTP

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP

Para enviar a requisiccedilatildeoHTTP o cliente abre umaconexatildeo TCP com o servidorWeb

segmento SYN (passo 1 do 3-way handshake) eacute roteado ateacute o servidor Web

connection TCP estabelecida64233169105

Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

Servidor Web responde com o TCP SYNACK (passo 2 do 3-way handshake)


Um dia na vidahellip HTTP requestreply

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP

HTTP request enviado no socket TCP

datagrama IP contendo a requisiccedilatildeo HTTP eacute roteada ateacuteo wwwgooglecom

o datagrama IP contendo a resposta HTTP eacute roteada ateacute o cliente

64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

o Servidor Web respondecom HTTP reply (contendo a paacutegina web)

HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

Finalmente a paacutegina web eacuteapresentada ()


Capiacutetulo 5 Resumo princiacutepios associados aos serviccedilos da camada de enlace

Deteccedilatildeo de erro correccedilatildeo Compartilhamento de canal de broadcast acessos muacuteltiplos Endereccedilamento de enlace (endereccedilo MACendereccedilo fiacutesico)

Instanciaccedilatildeo e implementaccedilatildeo de vaacuterias tecnologias de enlace Ethernet LANS comutadas (switched) VLANs PPP Redes virtualizadas como enlace de comunicaccedilatildeo MPLS

siacutentese um dia na vida de uma requisiccedilatildeo web


Chapter 5 parte I Jornada completa atraveacutes da pilha de

protocolo (exceto camada fiacutesica) Compreensatildeo dos princiacutepios das redes de

computadores hellip Ainda restam toacutepicos relevantes

wireless multimidia seguranccedila gerecircncia de redes


Capiacutetulo 5 A Camada de Enlaced de DadosObjetivos do capiacutetulo Entender os princiacutepios associados aos serviccedilos

da camada de enlace de dados Deteccedilatildeo de erros correccedilatildeo Compartilhamento do canal de broadcast acesso

muacuteltiplo Endereccedilamento na camada de enlace Transferecircncia confiaacutevel de dados controle de

fluxosemelhante aos conceitos discutidos na camadade transporte

Instanciaccedilatildeo e implementaccedilatildeo de tecnologiasdiversas para a camada de enlace


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














































controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














































controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP






















































controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
















































controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




































controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




























controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




















controller


cpu memory

host bus (eg PCI)

network adaptercard

host schematic


link

linkphysical











datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP






















datagram datagram

datagram

frame


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet










0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


















0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















0 0























se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


































se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP






















se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
















se dividirmos D2r


R = resto[ ]D2r

G


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet






































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




































1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP






























1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP























1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















1 3 4 1 3 4

6-slotframe






freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















freq

uenc

y ba

nds

time

FDM cable









Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




















Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Slotted ALOHA












Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Slotted ALOHA




simples




















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP





























= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















= p (1-p)N-1 (1-p)N-1

= p (1-p)2(N-1)


= 1(2e) = 18







Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Colisotildees CSMA























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP































falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP























falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
















falha (mestre)

master

slaves

poll

data

data






falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















falha (token)

T

data

(nothingto send)

T









Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




















Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet














= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP






















= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















= adapter

1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53


















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

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6









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6






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6

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Arsquo A


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send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

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I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

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Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

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15

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1

82

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8

9

102

7

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2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




























1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

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6









A

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B

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6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


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Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

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1

8

9

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7

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15

hellip




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1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















1A-2F-BB-76-09-AD

58-23-D7-FA-20-B0

0C-C4-11-6F-E3-98

71-65-F7-2B-08-53

LAN

137196723

137196778

137196714

137196788















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

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6









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Arsquo

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6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


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Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

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1

8

9

16102

7

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15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


























R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

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6









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6






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6

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1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

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1

8

9

16102

7

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15

hellip




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1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2








R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

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1 2 345

6






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1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


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Arsquo

B

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C

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1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

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1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















R

1A-23-F9-CD-06-9B

222222222220

111111111110

E6-E9-00-17-BB-4B

CC-49-DE-D0-AB-7D

111111111112

111111111111

A74-29-9C-E8-FF-55

222222222221

88-B2-2F-54-1A-0F

B222222222222

49-BD-D2-C7-56-2A

Lan 1 Lan 2


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

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1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

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C

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1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




















switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















switch











































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP





















































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP









































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

































maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


























maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















maacuteximo




51

1

+=






linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















linkphysical


100BASE-TX

100BASE-T4










Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


















Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Gigabit Ethernet





10 Gbps agora


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet








as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6









A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo


1 2 345

6






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60



then






A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
















as colisotildees

twisted pair

hub















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6









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6






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6

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ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

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B CD

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hub hub hub

switch

A

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ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

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roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


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1

82

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1610

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8

9

102

7

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73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


























A

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6









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ABEGC

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switch

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hub hub hub

switch

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B CD

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ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

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roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


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1

82

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hellip




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8

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102

7

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15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















A

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6









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ABEGC

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switch

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B CD

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12 3








hub hub hub

switch

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112312





12 3


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Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

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15

hellip




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1

8

9

102

7

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15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP




















A

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6






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6

A Arsquo

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desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

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15

hellip


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82

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15

hellip




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8

9

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7

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15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















A

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C

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1 2 345

6

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then






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1 2 345

6

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Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


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1

82

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8

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15

hellip




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1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














then






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1 2 345

6

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Source ADest Arsquo


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Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

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1

8

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15

hellip




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8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














A

Arsquo

B

Brsquo

C

Crsquo

1 2 345

6

A Arsquo

Source ADest Arsquo


A 1 60


desconhecido flood

Arsquo A


Arsquo 4 60

send seletivo




ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

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1

8

9

16102

7

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15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















ABEGC

11231hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I

12 3








hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

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1

8

9

16102

7

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15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















hub hub hub

switch

A

B CD

EF G H

I


ABEGCD

112312





12 3


Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Rede Institucional

Para a redeexterna

roteador

Subrede IP

Servidor de e-mail

Servidor Web













roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
























roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


















roteamento


cut















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

























1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
















1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip


hellip

1

82

7 9

1610

15

hellip





1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














1

8

9

16102

7

hellip



15

hellip




roteador







1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















1

8

9

102

7

hellip



15

hellip

2

73


5

4 6 816

1


Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Type




RecalculadoCRC


Quadro 8021

Quadro 8021Q


Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet





























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP





































PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP































PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP























PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


















PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













PPP Quadro (cont)












Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP





















Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Byte Stuffing










Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet
























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP































Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP


























Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















Rede das redes

gateway

ARPAnet








ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













ATM and MPLS

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
























CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

















CabeccedilalhoIP


label Exp S TTL

20 3 1 5


Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Roteadores MPLS









R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













R1R2

D

R3R4R5

0

1

00

A

R6


6 - A 0


10 6 A 1

12 9 D 0


10 A 0

12 D 0

1


8 6 A 0

0

8 A 1



Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Camada de Enlace





55 Ethernet












Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



















Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP













Cenaacuterio


Rede da Google 64233160019 64233169105

Servidor Web

Servidor DNS


Navegador

Paacutegina Web





DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
















DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPDHCP






router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














router(runs DHCP)

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCPUDP

IPEthPhy

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP

DHCP








DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP















DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS




ARP query

EthPhy

ARP

ARP

ARP reply



DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS






Servidor DNS

DNSUDP

IPEthPhy

DNS

DNS

DNS

DNS



HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




Servidor Web

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYN

TCPIP

EthPhy

SYN

SYN

SYN

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK

SYNACK




HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP














HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy

HTTP




64233169105

Servidor Web

HTTPTCPIP

EthPhy


HTTP

HTTP

HTTPHTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP

HTTP



























Documents

Capítulo5 Camadade Enlace (Link Layer) & RedesLocais (LANs)marco/cursos/ea074_12_1/slides/... · 2012-05-31 · •campo de EDC grandepropiciamelhordeteçãoe correção. 5: