Carbohydrates provide fuel and building material

Ch. 5.2

Sugars Used as an energy source

Carbohydrate_ – ______________ _______________________________________

C:_____, H:_____, O:_____ (___________)

Formed from ______________ (_____________)

Monosaccharides ______________ sugar unit

Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose

“______________________”

Broken down to make ______________________ ___________________ Adkins diet??

Glucose molecules that are not used immediately by cells are _________________________________

Structure of Glucose (monosaccharide)

                                                 

                                                         

Disaccharides DISACCHARIDE ‘____________________;’

formed from ______________________

_______________________ reaction occurs (____________________).

Most common is _________________ _______________ is made up of ____________

and _______________ _______________, _______________ (therefore

maple syrup has sucrose)

Structure of Sucrose (disaccharide)

                          

                                     

Notice that the disaccharide is made up from 2 monosaccharides: glucose AND fructose

Polysaccharides _________________________________________ are

called POLYSACCHARIDES Known as ___________________ carbohydrates Three Types:

STARCH: ____________________/energy found only in _________________ (potatos, rice, corn), not ____________ (_______________)

GLYCOGEN ___________________ in __________________ of _______________

CELLULOSE _____________________ in ____________; made from sugars We call cellulose _____________’ (we can’t

digest it)Passes through digestive system unchangedHelps keep digestive system healthy but not

as a nutrient

Overall: Carbohydrates are _______________ = H2O loving Monosaccharides and disaccharides dissolve in

______ Cellulose and some forms of starch don’t dissolve

in water but are still hydrophilic Ex.: T-shirts and jeans

Mostly _____________This is why towels absorb so much water

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Concept Check Explain the difference between a monosaccharide

and a disaccharide. Give an example of each.

Compare and contrast starch, glycogen, and cellulose

. How do animals store excess glucose molecules?