CARDIO1. IF YOU WERE A SCIENTIST AND

BASED YOUR STUDIES FROM THE INFORMATION PROVIDED ON PAGE 28 OF YOUR TEXT BOOK, HOW WOULD YOU PROVE THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS?

Chapter 2: Earth’s Physical Geography

Section 1: Physical Features and Processes

The many different shapes and types of land on the Earth’s continents are called landforms.

Typical landforms include:

Mountains: more than 2,000 feet about sea levelHills: lower than mountainsPlateaus: have low slopes and a flat area on topPlains: large areas of flat or rolling land

About 200 million years ago, the Earth had one big continent, called Pangaea. Over 65 million years, Pangaea split into two continents. Then, over the next 75 million years, these two continents split apart into North and South America, Africa, Australia, Eurasia (Europe and Asia), India, and Antarctica. These continents shifted some more, resulting in today’s continents.

This shifting was a result of the slow movement of plates, huge pieces of the Earth’s crust under the oceans and the continents. The plates move apart or together and over one another, causing volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, both of which change landforms. These are all processes that take place inside the Earth. Landforms also are changed by process on the Earth’s surface. Wind, rain, and ice cause weathering, a process that breaks down rocks into tiny pieces. These small pieces are moved to new places by erosion.

Classroom Discussion Questions: (DO NOT COPY)

What are four typical landforms found on the Earth’s surface?

Section 2: Geographic Factors and Natural ResourcesEverything that people get from the Earth to meet their needs for food, clothing, and shelter is a natural resource. Natural resources include soil, water, minerals, and plants. Some resources are used just the way they are found in nature, for example, soil. But most resources have to be changed before they are useful. These are called raw materials; trees processed into lumber and paper are an example.

1. Recyclable resources: They cycle naturally through our environment (Ex. Water)

2. Renewable resources: These can be replaced. As mature trees are cut down to make lumber, new trees can be planted.

There are three kinds of resources:

1. Nonrenewable resources: These CANNOT be replaced when they are used up. They include fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum (oil). Fossil fuels were created millions of years ago from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals. They are no longer being created.

CLASS WORK FIND THE DEFINITION OF THE FOLLOWING LANDFORMS (PAGE 646) BAY CANYON DELTA GLACIER ISLAND MESA PENINSULA VOLCANO

CLASS WORK

PAGE 30 QUIESTION (1-4) ALL

HOME LEARNINGSTUDY FOR A QUIZ1. CONTINENTS (LOCATION)2. GLOBE3. CARDINAL DIRRECTIONS4. LATITUDE5. SCALE6. GEOGRAPHY7. PRIME MERIDIAN8. EQUATOR