Case Study on effectiveness of Albendazole emulsion in several cases of Echinococcosis

7/30/2019 Case Study on effectiveness of Albendazole emulsion in several cases of Echinococcosis.

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CONTENTS:

SYNOPSIS

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHOD

RESULT

CONCLUSION & DISCUSSION

REFERENCES



SYNOPSIS

Benzimidazole Carbamates is used as anti-hydatidosis

drugs. And two common forms of it is

Albendazole(Abz) & Mebendazole(Mbz).

Abz is effective over Mbz as proven by clinical trials.

Hence Abz in tablet or emulsion form, is used to treat

cystic echinococcosis of liver in humans.



The clinical efficacy of AbzE was studied in 264

cases of hepatic cystic echinococcosis on two

groups of patients with different doses:-10mg/kg/day

& 12.5mg/kg/day respectively. Higher doses was

found to be more effective in the study.



INTRODUCTION

Benzimidazole carbamates are used as anti-

hydatidosis drug. And two commonly manufactured

forms of it are- Albendazole (Abz) & Mebendazole

(Mbz).

Clinical trials conducted in 1980s by WHO indicated

that Abz was better than Mbz.



Abz is manufactured in two forms- as tablet (AbzT)

& as emulsion (AbzE). And AbzE was proved more

effective than AbzT.

Keeping in mind the above results, a novel

formulation of AbzE was developed in the Institute of

Parasitic Diseases of the Chinese Academy of

Preventive Medicine.



MATERIALS & METHODS:

1. Selection of cases: Study subjects were patients of

cystic echinococcosis (CE) having mild symptoms

of epigastric pain, distention or abdominal mass.



2. Drug & regimens: AbzE was prepared by emulsifying

Abz in 30% soybean oil (v/v). Two regimens of AbzE

were used in the study. Group A(71 cases); Abz

10mg/kg/day for adults weighing upto 70 kg. Group B

(193cases); Abz 12.5mg/kg/day for adults weighing upto

70kg. In both the above cases, the daily dosage was

divided into two & given – 1hr after breakfast & supper.

Treatment duration in both cases was one year.



3. Clinical & laboratory examinations: History, signs &symptoms before & after chemotherapy as well as

responses & side-effects of patients after chemotherapy

were recorded. Ultrasonography & computed topography(CT) were used to examine patients at admission, every 3

months during treatment &every 3-6 months during follow-

up. Specific serological tests, examination of blood & urine

were also conducted during the treatment.



4. Follow-up study: Patients in group A were

followed for 3-4 years & in group B for 2-4 years

post treatment.



RESULT:

1. Evaluation of efficacy: Assessed by Ultrasonography at

the end of treatment, the overall effectiveness in group

A (71 cases, 10mg/kg/day) was found to be 97.2%.Whereas the overall effectiveness in group B (193

cases, 12.5mg/kg/day) was 97.9%. Improvement of

appetite & increase of body weight was observed in

most cases during the treatment.



2. Side-effects: The common side-effects observed

were- 1) skin rashes 2)anorexia 3)nausea

4)vomiting 5) headache. These side-effects

gradually resolved over two weeks without any

treatment.



CONCLUSION & DISCUSSION:

The efficacy was more prominent in case of higher

dosage.

Based on the preceding data, AbzE at a dose of

12.5m/kg/day for 9- 12 months was recommended

as the desirable regimen.



A no. of factors like dosage, treatment duration, age,

sex, blood concentration of the drug etc may relate

to the efficacy of AbzE and needs to be considered.

The efficacy of Abz emulsion reported was muchhigher, surpassing all other anti-hydatidosis drugs or

formulations up-to-date. Hence Albendazole is the

best used medicine for treatment of hydatidosis

conditions.



REFERENCE:PARASITOLOGY INTERNATIONAL

VOLUME 53 (2004 EDITION) ISSUE- 1

PAGE NOS. 3-9



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Case Study on effectiveness of Albendazole emulsion in several cases of Echinococcosis