CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES

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Outline • Section 1: Quick Cell Talk • Section 2: Cell Division • Section 3: Mitosis • Section 4: Meiosis • Section 5: Mitosis vs. Meiosis

Section 1: Quick Cell Talk

• Focus Questions: o What are cells?

o List the two types of cells.

o What is the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Cells

• __________________________________________________________________________ • Living things are made of one or more cells. • Two types:

o ________________________________________________ o ________________________________________________

Prokaryotic

• Cell with _________________________________________________ • Has DNA, but isn't contained by a membrane • Bacteria

Eukaryotic

• Cell _____________________________________________________ • DNA is contained within nuclear membrane • Plant and animal cells

Section 2: Cell Division

• Focus Questions: o Describe cell division.

o Why do cells divide?

o What are the 3 types of cell division?

o Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells go through which type of cell division?

CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES

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Cell Division • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

o ___________________________________________ = cell BEFORE division o ___________________________________________ = two cells AFTER division

Why Cell Division?

• __________________________ o More cells = larger organism

• __________________________ o Cells get damaged or destroyed

• __________________________ o Some organisms divide to reproduce

3 Different Forms: Cell Division

• ____________________________________ • ____________________________________ • ____________________________________

Cell & Division Type

• Prokaryotic o ____________________________________

• Eukaryotic o ____________________________________ o ____________________________________

Section 3: Mitosis

• Focus Questions: o What is mitosis?

o Why is mitosis important?

o Describe the process of mitosis. Cell Cycle

• Interphase o G1 – S – G2

• Mitosis o P – M – A – T

Interphase

• ____________________________________________________________________ o DNA is copied o Cell grows larger

• Cells spend most of their time in this section of the cell cycle Mitosis

• ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ o 1 Parent cell -> 2 Daughter cells

• "______________________________" = ___________________________________________________________________ • Growth and repair • Mitosis Animation

CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES

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Mitosis • How does your body heal after this?

Steps of Mitosis

• P___________________________ • M___________________________ • A___________________________ • T___________________________

o C___________________________ Prophase

• Chromosomes condense and become visible • Nuclear membrane disappears

Metaphase

• Chromosomes line up in middle of cell • Fibers connect to chromosomes

Anaphase

• Chromosome copies divide • Pulled apart and move to opposite ends of cell

Telophase

• Chromosomes in two separate sides • Nuclear membranes appear • Cells prepare to divide

Cytokinesis

• Separate fully • Cells go back into interphase

Section 4: Meiosis

• Focus Questions: o What is meiosis?

o Why is meiosis important?

o Describe the process of meiosis.

CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS GUIDED NOTES

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Meiosis • ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

o 1 parent cell -> 4 daughter cells • "___________________________________" = ______________________________________________________________ • Reproduction/Fertilization • Provides great genetic diversity • Meiosis Animation

Stages of Meiosis

• Meiosis I • Meiosis II

Meiosis I

• Cell divides, resulting in 2 cells • Basically the same process as mitosis, but...

o _____________________________________________________ = DNA is mixed, creating greater genetic diversity Meiosis II

• After Meiosis I, 2 cells divide again, resulting in 4 different cells o Each new cell has 23 chromosomes

Section 5: Mitosis vs. Meiosis

• Focus Questions: o Explain how are mitosis and meiosis similar.

o Describe the differences between mitosis and meiosis.

Similarities

• Produce new cells through _________________________________________________ • Start with ____________________________________________________________________________________________ • Use similar process __________________________________

Differences

• Mitosis o Creates new “________________________________” for growth and repair o ___________________________________________ o _____________________________________________________________________________________________

• Meiosis o Creates “__________________________________” for reproduction/fertilization o __________________________________________ o _____________________________________________________________________________________________