Cell Organellesmicroscopic “organ – like”

structures that help the cell to function

First point:

Two types of cells

• Prokaryotic: cells without a nucleus; such as Bacteria

•Eurkaryotic: cells with a nucleus; such as animal cells and plant cells

Cell Membrane

• found in all cells• The outer “skin” • Made of fats and proteins• is semi-permeable (has holes

in it )

FUNCTIONS:Allows for passage of materials in

and out of the cellUsed for cell communication and

identification

Cell Wall• a tough outer coat• found in ONLY plant cells &

some bacteria cells

FUNCTIONS :

Adds extra protection and support to plant cells

Cytoplasm

• Found in all cells• The watery medium

inside• the cell• Made of mostly water

FUNCTIONS :Holds up / supports the

organelles

Stores energy

Nucleus• found in all EUKARYOTIC

cells (plants, animals, fungi and protists)

• Largest organelle

FUNCTIONS :Has DNA inside Is the “control” center of the

cell

Bacteria cells do not have one = PROKARYOTES

Nucleolous• found inside the nucleus

FUNCTIONS :

Has RNA inside

Gives instructions for the making of protein

Nuclear Membrane• the porous “skin” around the

nucleus

FUNCTIONS :

Allows things to enter and leave the nucleus

Vacuoles• small storage units in all

cells

• large water vacuole in plant cells

FUNCTIONS :

Stores material for the cell

Lysosomes

• nicknamed “suicide packets”

• has digestive acids inside

• has a double lined membrane

FUNCTIONS :

helps the cell to digest food***can burst and kill itself ***

Ribosomes

• smallest cell organelle

• found in ALL cells

• small round “specks”

FUNCTIONS :where proteins aremanufactured

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• curvy roadways in the cell

FUNCTIONS :

transports things around in the cell cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• curvy roadways in the cell

FUNCTIONS :

transports things around in the cell cytoplasm

Centrioles

• Only found in animal cells

• “bundles of sticks”

FUNCTIONS :

helps the cell with reproduction

Mitochondria

• large “peanut” shaped organelle

• has folded membranes inside

• nicknamed the “powerhouse” of the cell

FUNCTIONS :

a factory where ENERGY is made

Golgi Bodies

• looks like a stack of pancakes (with syrup)

FUNCTIONS :

to make vacuoles

“packages” things for the cell

Chloroplasts

• found ONLY in plant and some protists cells

• green football-shaped organelles

FUNCTIONS :to make food for plant cellsthrough the process of

photosynthesis