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Centre for Energy Resources Engineering (CERE)
– IOR Research at DTU
Ida L. Fabricius – DTU, Denmark
Denmark’s oil production
The CERE core – 2014• Faculty Members
• Erling H. Stenby, director DTU Chemistry• Georgios M. Kontogeorgis DTU Chemical Engineering• Alexander A. Shapiro DTU Chemical Engineering• Nicolas von Solms DTU Chemical Engineering • Kaj Thomsen DTU Chemical Engineering• Philip Fosbøl DTU Chemical Engineering• Ida L. Fabricius DTU Civil Engineering• Katrine Alling Andreassen DTU Civil Engineering• Klaus Mosegaard DTU Space• John Bagterp Jørgensen DTU Compute
• Associated Members• Rasmus Fehrman DTU Chemistry• Anders Riisager DTU Chemistry• Steen Krenk DTU Mechanical Engineering• Anne Ladegaard Skov DTU Chemical Engineering
The CERE team – 2014 cont’d
> 10 Post Docs and Senior researchers
> 20 PhD students (DTU, co‐funded, industry funded...)
8 Technical/Administrative Staff
3 Visitors
25 MSc and BSc Thesis Projects
Key research ingredients:1. Modelling:
– Theory and Simulation2. Fluids
– Phase behavior and Reactions3. Rocks
– Petrophysics and Geophysics4. Flow
– Porous Media and Pipes5. Experiments
Scope: Fundamental engineering science
Research at CERE
Fluids
RocksFlow
Modelling
Experiments
ComplexMixtures
EORCCS
Main Research Topics
ComplexMixtures
EORCCS
CO2
Gas Hydrates
Ionic Liquids
Surfactants
AlkanolaminesIn-Situ CombustionHistory Matching
BiorecHP/HT
Heavy Oil
CompSim
iCap
CLEO
Amino Acids
CO2 EOR ADORE
Advanced Waterflooding
CHiGP
Glycols
Cap rocks
Acid gases
Electrolytes
Rock mechanics
NH3
MethanolMercaptans
Polymers
Greensand
Chalk
Sandstone
ComplexMixtures
EORCCS
Main Research Topics
AlexanderIda
NicolasKaj
Georgios
Philip
Katrine
Industrial need
Scientific challenge
Collaboration Knowledge transfer
Products & Knowledge transfer
• MSc and PhD graduates• Experimental data• Theoretical models• Simulations results• Publications• Software• Patents
FLOW ASSURANCE
PROCESSING
RESERVOIR PROCESSES
Multiphase flows in PorousMedia
For ADORE project
Alexander Shapiro
Upscaling in Porous Media• Multilayer reservoir• Averaging/upscaling• With and without gravity effects
Ph.D. Thesis Xuan Zhang
Combination with the streamlinemethod
• Averaging in vertical direction• Streamlines in two horizontal directions
Streamline simulation 3D finite difference
Fluid diversion under fines mobilization
• Fines migration under law‐salinity waterflood• Larger formation damage in high‐permeable layers• Evenning of the displacement front
Hao Yuan, Xuan Zhang
Water diversion
Normal waterflooding
Low salinity waterflooding
Micro‐streamline approach to waterflooding
• Displacement happens along micro‐streamlines (oil, water or water‐oil).• The numbers of different streamlines are counted according to generalized
Darcy and Washburn equations’• Displacement requries a different fractional flow function than steady‐
state flow
Red: steadyBlue: unsteadyGreen: non‐constant flowrate
Biorec
Alexander Shapiro
17
Organization of Biorec project
Modeling: Virtual reactor
Modeling: Virtual tube
Laboratory studiesLaboratory displacement
1.
2. 3.
4.
18
EnzEOR ‐ status
19
Full screening of enzyme effect on calcite and quartz surfacesSetup constructedFlooding experiments started (1‐phase)
Goals:‐ To optimize enzyme selection‐ To optimize the amount of enzyme
MEOR experimental
20
Enrichment/fermentation Flooding/penetration
‐ New ”interesting” bacteria‐ Specific surface behavior
‐ Specific ways to penetrate‐ Needs reflection in modelling
Numerical simulations
21
”Amount of food injected””Tim
e until additional recovery”
Current:‐ ”Adsorption” vs ”Filtration”‐ Different growth models‐ Detailed parametric study for 1D
Challenges:‐ New penetration mechanisms
(spores)‐ Acceleration of the program and
preparation for 2D/3D
Smart water
Ida Fabricius
22
Sponsored by Danish Energy Agency, Mærsk Oil and DONG Energy
Designed water flooding of chalk and Greensand
• Rock‐fluid interaction, NMR, Rock deformation– (DTU Civil Engineering)
• Modelling chemical interaction– (DTU Chemical Engineering)
• Flow modelling– (DTU Chemical Engineering)
Experimental setup
Flow diagram
Cleaning
CT scan
Photo
Saturation Sw (100%)
Porosity/ permeability
Sound velocity (dry)
CT scan
Sound velocity/electrical resistivity
CT scan
Saturation Swir
Sound velocity/electrical resistivity
CT scan
Injection with 3 to 6 fluids
Aging (2 weeks)
Sound velocity/electrical resistivity
CT scan
Photo
Thin section for Electron microscopy
Collection of expelled fluid
Surface tension
Ion concentration
Video capture
Chalk NMR
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
10 100 1000
Amplitu
de
T2 [ms]
Deionized waterCalcite equilibrated water [24ppm]NaCl [100000ppm]MgCl2 [58000ppm]CaCl2 [67650ppm]Na2SO4 [86585ppm]
Due to precipitationreactions → creation of crystals →increase of Sp
Due to precipitationreactions→ growth of crystals →decrease of Sp
(Katika et al., 2013: EAGE annual conference)
Next Oil
Wei Yan
27
Sponsored by Højteknologifonden, Mærsk Oil and DONG Energy
HTHP fields in Danish North Sea
• In situ stress field– (DTU Civil Engineering)
• Brine stability at HTHP pressure change– (DTU Chemical Engineering)
• Petroleum composition– (DTU Chemistry)
Estimating Biot’s coeffcient in 3 D stress field and anisotropic rock
30
Oedometer test for Biot’s coefficient
Load frame
Pore pressure pump
Radial stress pump
Oil/watercylinder
Sample insidetemp. insulatedoedometer cell
Rock‐mechanics data acquisition system
Acoustic data acquisition system
31
HPHT Triaxial cell
Built for 200 °C and 70 MPaNew design of the piston head will make it easier to replace o‐rings and acoustic crystals.
CERE Consortium 2013