Ch. 17.3 Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAQtDH5e-YI

One American’s Story• Upton Sinclair- A muckraking journalist that wrote the book The Jungle. • The Jungle- A book written by Upton Sinclair in 1906 that described the disgusting conditions found in the meatpacking industry.

• Theodore Roosevelt- The 26th president of the United States. He promised Sinclair that he would fix the meatpacking industry.

1. A Rough-Riding President• Roosevelt was the vice-president when President McKinley was assassinated.

A. Roosevelt’s Rise• Theodore Roosevelt attended Harvard College where he boxed and wrestled.• Roosevelt gained national attention by advocating war with Spain in 1898.

B. The Modern Presidency• Roosevelt’s leadership and publicity campaigns helped create the modern presidency.• Square Deal- Roosevelt’s program of progressive reforms designed to protect the common people against big business.

Square Deal

2. Using Federal Power• Roosevelt believed modern America needed a powerful federal government.

A. Trustbusting• Roosevelt wanted to remove trusts that hurt the public interest.• Roosevelt dissolved the Northern Securities Company (railroad).

B. 1902 Coal Strike• The federal government was expected to intervene in strikes that threatened the public good.

C. Railroad Regulation• Elkins Act (1903)• Hepburn Act (1906)

• The passage of these acts boosted the power of the federal government to regulate the railroads.

3. Health and the EnvironmentA. Regulating Foods and Drugs• Meat Inspection Act- Dictated cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created the federal program of meat inspection.

B. Pure Food and Drug Act• Children’s medicines contained cocaine, opium, or alcohol.

• Pure Food and Drug Act- Stopped the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling.

C. Conservation and Natural Resources• Farmers leveled forests and plowed fields.

• Ranchers allowed cattle to overgraze the Great Plains.

• Logging companies removed trees and did not replace them.

• Cities dumped untreated sewage into rivers, which contaminated them.

D. Conservation Measures• Roosevelt set aside land that could not be touched, or land to be explored for other resources..

• Glifford Pinchot, he advised Roosevelt to conserve forests by not allowing them to be sold privately. • conservation- The planned management of natural resources. Allowing some areas to be preserved and others developed for the common good.

http://www.history.com/topics/theodore-roosevelt/videos#theodore-roosevelts-acts-and-legacy

4. Roosevelt and Civil Rights• Roosevelt failed to support Civil Rights for African Americans.• Booker T. Washington was the principal of an all black college in Alabama, Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute.

• W.E.B. Du Bois wanted African Americans to have equality to whites immediately.• He helped found the NAACP• NAACP- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Its main goal was nothing less than full equality among the races.

Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois