Ch. 5Ch. 5Energy ResourcesEnergy Resources

Section 1Section 1Natural ResourcesNatural Resources

Natural resourceNatural resource: any natural substance, : any natural substance, organism, or energy form that living things organism, or energy form that living things useuse2 types of natural resources:2 types of natural resources: 1. 1. Renewable resourceRenewable resource: natural resource : natural resource

that can be used and replaced over a that can be used and replaced over a relatively short time.relatively short time. EX: fresh water and EX: fresh water and treestrees

2. 2. Nonrenewable resourceNonrenewable resource: natural resource : natural resource that can not be replaced or that can only be that can not be replaced or that can only be replaced over thousands or millions of years.replaced over thousands or millions of years.

Ex: oil and natural gasEx: oil and natural gas

Ways to ConserveWays to Conserve

3 ways to conserve natural resources:3 ways to conserve natural resources: ReduceReduce RecycleRecycle ReuseReuse

Use only what is needed and take care of resources

Section 2Section 2Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuels

Fossil FuelsFossil Fuels

Fossil fuelsFossil fuels: non-renewable energy : non-renewable energy resource that forms in Earth’s crust over resource that forms in Earth’s crust over millions of yrs. From buried remains of millions of yrs. From buried remains of once living organisms.once living organisms.

3 Types of Fossils Fuels3 Types of Fossils Fuels

1. Liquid Fossil Fuel:1. Liquid Fossil Fuel: Petroleum: crude oil, oily mixture of flammable Petroleum: crude oil, oily mixture of flammable

organic compounds.organic compounds.

Petroleum is separated or refined to make: Petroleum is separated or refined to make: gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oil.fuel oil.

2. Gaseous Fossil Fuel: Natural Gas2. Gaseous Fossil Fuel: Natural Gas Gas stores use natural gasGas stores use natural gas Methane, butane, and propane- compounds of Methane, butane, and propane- compounds of

natural gasnatural gas

3. Solid Fossil Fuel: Coal: solid formed 3. Solid Fossil Fuel: Coal: solid formed underground from buried, decomposed plant underground from buried, decomposed plant materialsmaterials Once leading energy source, but caused air Once leading energy source, but caused air

pollutionpollution

Formation of Fossil FuelsFormation of Fossil Fuels

Petroleum and natural gas form mainly Petroleum and natural gas form mainly from remains of microscopic sea life.from remains of microscopic sea life.

Coal forms underground over millions of Coal forms underground over millions of yrs. From decayed swamp plants.yrs. From decayed swamp plants.

Obtaining Fossil FuelsObtaining Fossil Fuels

1. Drilling oil wells1. Drilling oil wells

2. Strip Mining2. Strip Mining

U.S. imports ½ of the petroleum it uses U.S. imports ½ of the petroleum it uses from Middle East, South America, Africa, from Middle East, South America, Africa, Mexico, and CanadaMexico, and Canada

Problems Due to Fossil FuelsProblems Due to Fossil Fuels1. Acid Rain: rain/snow with high amounts of 1. Acid Rain: rain/snow with high amounts of

acid due to air pollutants.acid due to air pollutants. Coal is burned, releases sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide Coal is burned, releases sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide

combines with moisture in air to produce sulfuric acidcombines with moisture in air to produce sulfuric acid

2. Mining: causes environmental problems2. Mining: causes environmental problems Removes soil, kills plants and animalsRemoves soil, kills plants and animals Contaminates water sourcesContaminates water sources

3. Drilling: causes environmental problems3. Drilling: causes environmental problems Spills kill everything in pathSpills kill everything in path

4. Smog: photochemical fog produced by 4. Smog: photochemical fog produced by reactions of sunlight and air pollutantsreactions of sunlight and air pollutants

5. Water pollution5. Water pollution

6. Destruction of wildlife habitat 6. Destruction of wildlife habitat

Section 3Section 3Alternative Resources Alternative Resources

Alternative ResourcesAlternative Resources

1. Nuclear Energy: energy from nuclei of 1. Nuclear Energy: energy from nuclei of atoms.atoms. Fission: process of nuclei of radioactive atoms Fission: process of nuclei of radioactive atoms

being split.being split. Fusion: joining of small atoms to form large Fusion: joining of small atoms to form large

atoms.atoms. Pro (GOOD): great energy source with no Pro (GOOD): great energy source with no

problems like fossils fuelsproblems like fossils fuels Con (BAD): produce radioactive wastes that Con (BAD): produce radioactive wastes that

can’t be disposed of and over heatingcan’t be disposed of and over heating

2. Solar Energy: energy from sun2. Solar Energy: energy from sun Solar cells collect energy from sun to use in everyday Solar cells collect energy from sun to use in everyday

lifelife Pro: great energy source, no pollution, quiet, Pro: great energy source, no pollution, quiet,

reliablereliable Con: costs too muchCon: costs too much

3. Wind Energy: energy from wind3. Wind Energy: energy from wind Wind turbines turn to pump water or produce Wind turbines turn to pump water or produce

electricityelectricity Pro: don’t cost much, no pollution, don’t take up Pro: don’t cost much, no pollution, don’t take up

much room on landmuch room on land Con: not many areas in US that have wind blowing Con: not many areas in US that have wind blowing

strong and steady to produce electricity. strong and steady to produce electricity.

4. Hydroelectric Energy: electricity produced 4. Hydroelectric Energy: electricity produced by falling waterby falling water Pro: inexpensive, little pollution, renewable Pro: inexpensive, little pollution, renewable

sourcesource Con: not everywhere has amount of water needed, Con: not everywhere has amount of water needed,

when built it destroys forests and wildlife habitats.when built it destroys forests and wildlife habitats.

5. Biomass: organic matter that contains 5. Biomass: organic matter that contains stored energy stored energy EX: wood, charcoal, dung, gasoholEX: wood, charcoal, dung, gasohol Pro: does release energyPro: does release energy Con: not enough to meet all of our energy needs and Con: not enough to meet all of our energy needs and

Does cause air pollutionDoes cause air pollution

6. Geothermal Energy: energy from within 6. Geothermal Energy: energy from within Earth Earth Heat from within Earth produces steam or actual heat Heat from within Earth produces steam or actual heat

can be used.can be used. Con: only available in certain areasCon: only available in certain areas