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Slide 2 Ch. 6 The Body and Behavior Taken from Questions compiled by Sue Boland, LHU of PA Program developed by Dan Hosey, Bucknell U. and Mark Damon. Slide 3 Round 1 Round 2 Final JeopardyFinal Jeopardy Slide 4 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 To Round Two! CNS Peripheral Communication Youre on my last neuron Brain stem Slide 5 100 Back to board C1 - 100 What CNS stands for. Correct Answer Slide 6 The two components of the CNS. Back to board C1 - 200 200 Correct Answer Slide 7 Back to board C1 - 300 300 It covers and protects the spine. Correct Answer Slide 8 Back to board C1 - 400 400 The weight of the adult human brain. Correct Answer Slide 9 Back to board C1 -500 500 The explosion of electrical activity sent down an axon when a neuron sends information. Correct Answer Slide 10 Back to board C2 - 100 100 The two main divisions of the nervous system. Correct Answer Slide 11 Back to board C2 - 200 200 The type of nerves that carry information from the central nervous system to the body. Correct Answer Slide 12 Back to board C2 - 300 300 You dont have to concentrate to get this half of the PNS to work because it does so automatically. Correct Answer Slide 13 Back to board C2 - 400 400 Name of the man who survived after and iron rod went through the frontal lobe of his brain in 1848. Correct Answer Slide 14 Back to board C2 -500 500 Memory loss, dementia, depression, social withdrawal, plaques and tangles. Correct Answer Slide 15 Back to board C3 -100 100 The area including the space or gap between neurons. Correct Answer Slide 16 Back to board C3 -200 200 Chemicals released by one neuron and received by another neuron. Correct Answer Slide 17 Back to board C3 -300 300 Disease characterized as an electrical brainstorm Correct Answer Slide 18 Back to board C3 -400 400 A nerve impulse is faster if an axon has this. It protects the axon. Correct Answer Slide 19 Back to board C3 -500 It isnt a shock, but it does come about with a change in electrical voltage of a neuron. 500 Correct Answer Slide 20 Back to board C4 -100 100 This is the part of a neuron that sends a message (nerve impulse) to another cell. Correct Answer Slide 21 Back to board C4 -200 200 Uses detection of radio frequency signals produced by displaced radio waves in a magnetic field. Correct Answer Slide 22 Back to board C4 -300 300 This part of a neuron receives messages from other cells. Correct Answer Slide 23 Back to board C4 -400 400 A collection of neurons make up one of these. They vary in length. Correct Answer Slide 24 Back to board C4 -500 500 A lack of this insulation on neurons has been implicated in the disease, multiple sclerosis. Correct Answer Slide 25 Back to board C5 -100 100 Electrical activity of the brain recorded with scalp or brain electrodes. Correct Answer Slide 26 Back to board C5 -200 200 Scanning method that detects radioactive material that is injected or inhaled to produce an image of the brain. Correct Answer Slide 27 Back to board C5 -300 300 If you are feeling sleepy, this part of the brain stem may be responsible. Correct Answer Slide 28 Back to board C5 -400 400 In terms of location, the brain stem sits on top of this. Correct Answer Slide 29 Back to board C5 -500 500 Not part of the brain stem, but nearby. This brain structure helps you walk straight. Correct Answer Slide 30 DAILY DOUBLE Question Slide 31 200 400 600 800 1000 To Final Jeopardy! 200 400 600 800 1000 200 400 600 800 1000 200 400 600 800 1000 200 400 600 800 1000 To Round One MidbrainLobes Two halves make a whole Sleep & Dreaming Grab bag Slide 32 Back to Board C6 -200 200 Brain structure that controls your drives to survive. Thirst, hunger, reproduction. Correct Answer Slide 33 Back to Board C6 -400 400 This brain structure functions something like the man at the post office that you give all your messages to. Correct Answer Slide 34 Back to Board C6 -600 600 The MASTER GLAND supervises the hormonal system. Correct Answer Slide 35 Back to Board C6 -800 800 If you cant remember playing this game an hour later, you may have a problem with this brain structure. Correct Answer Slide 36 Back to Board C6 -1000 1000 Correct Answer This brain structure that deals with violent emotions. Fight or Flight Slide 37 Back to Board C7 -200 200 The beat goes on in this listening lobe. Correct Answer Slide 38 Back to Board C7 -400 400 If the thalamus is sent images from the eyes, they will be sent to this lobe. Correct Answer Slide 39 Back to Board C7 -600 600 Goldilocks may have been using this lobe as she judged porridge to be too hot, too cold, and just right. Correct Answer Slide 40 Back to Board C7 -800 800 Correct Answer After a freak accident, Phineas Gage showed a change in personality when this lobe was damaged. Slide 41 Back to Board C7 -1000 1000 This area lets you speak, but its not the area that helps you understand. Correct Answer Slide 42 Back to Board C8 -200 200 Father of Psychoanalysis? Correct Answer Slide 43 Back to Board C8 -400 400 Most people process language with this hemisphere. Correct Answer Slide 44 Back to Board C8 -600 600 When you recognize a face in a crowd you are most likely using this hemisphere. Spatial Recognition. Correct Answer Slide 45 Back to Board C8 -800 800 If a picture is shown in your left visual field, it will be processed by the occipital lobe in this brain hemisphere. Correct Answer Slide 46 Back to Board C8 -1000 1000 Correct Answer If you are shown a picture in your right visual field, and then are asked to draw it, you will most likely use this hand. It may help to assume you are a split brain patient. Slide 47 Back to Board C9 -200 200 What is the picture in your text book of on page 321? Correct Answer Slide 48 Back to Board C9 -400 400 Its the stage of sleep when you are most likely to sleep walk? Correct Answer Slide 49 Back to Board C9 -600 600 If you get in a fight you are probably short circuiting your brain to the Correct Answer Slide 50 Back to Board C9 -800 800 The fact that students often dream about taking exams seems to support this theory of dreaming. Correct Answer Slide 51 Back to Board C9 -1000 1000 It the theory of dreaming that says that your cerebrum is just making stories to make sense of random signals from the pons (brain stem). Correct Answer Slide 52 Back to Board C10 -200 200 Correct Answer It is the idea that specific areas of the brain have certain functions. Slide 53 Back to Board C10 -400 400 Correct Answer Michael J. Fox has this neurological disorder associated with the neurotransmitter dopamine. Slide 54 Back to Board C10 -600 600 Correct Answer These embryonic cells can develop into any type of cell. Research using these cells is currently controversial. Slide 55 Back to Board C10 -800 800 Loosely connected brain areas including the hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus, that are involved in emotions. Correct Answer Slide 56 Back to Board C10 -1000 1000 Correct Answer Do you smell? You do if this small organ near the emotional center of the brain is working. Slide 57 DAILY DOUBLE Question Slide 58 DAILY DOUBLE Question Slide 59 FINAL JEOPARDY CATEGORY The brain Slide 60 Correct Answer It stores the memories in your brain. Slide 61 100 Back to board C1 - 100 What is: Central nervous system? Slide 62 What are: The brain and the spinal cord? Back to board C1 - 200 200 Slide 63 Back to boardboard C1 - 300 300 What is: Vertebrae Slide 64 Back to board C1 - 400 400 What is about 3 pounds or 1.4 kilograms? Slide 65 Back to board C1 -500 500 What is: An action potential Slide 66 Back to board C2 - 100 100 What is: The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system? Slide 67 Back to board C2 - 200 200 What is: Motor neurons? (Motor neurons transmit information from the CNS to the body (via the PNS). Sensory neurons carry information from the body to the CNS, again via the PNS.) Slide 68 Back to board C2 - 300 300 What is: Autonomic nervous system? (Controls and regulates internal organs, glands, and blood vessels. These processes are usually automatic and involuntary.) Slide 69 Back to board C2 - 400 400 Who is: Phineas Gage? Slide 70 Back to board C2 -500 500 What are: Symptoms of Alzheimers disease. Slide 71 Back to board C3 -100 100 What is: Synapse? (Synapse includes the space between neurons (Synaptic gap or cleft), the axon terminal, and receptor sites on the receiving cell) Slide 72 Back to board C3 -200 200 What are: Neurotransmitters ? Slide 73 Back to board C3 -300 300 What is: Epilepsy? Slide 74 Back to board C3 -400 400 What is: Myelin sheath ( Fatty substance that acts to insulate axon. The myelin sheath increases speed of impulse because electrical charge of nerve impulse doesnt have to move along entire cell membrane instead the impulse jumps from node to node, the spaces between the sheath.) Slide 75 Back to board C3 -500 What is: Action potential? (Also call a nerve impulse. When a neuron is stimulated, its electrical charge changes from negative to positive. The resulting electrical charge moves through the cell body and down the axon. ) 500 Slide 76 Back to board C4 -100 100 What is: axon? Slide 77 Back to board C4 -200 200 What is: MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Slide 78 Back to board C4 -300 300 What is: Dendrite? Slide 79 Back to board C4 -400 400 What are: Nerves? Slide 80 Back to board C4 -500 500 What is a: Myelin sheath? (Review the figure showing the parts of a neuron, including the myelin sheath.) Slide 81 Back to board C5 -100 100 What is: An EEG? (Electroencephalography) Slide 82 Back to board C5 -200 200 What is: PET? (postiron emission tomography) Slide 83 Back to board C5 -300 300 What is: The pons? (This structure is implicated in sleeping, dreaming, and waking. ) Slide 84 Back to board C5 -400 400 What is: Top of the spinal cord? (The brain stem starts where the spinal cord ends. It is often considered to be the most primitive part of the brain.) Slide 85 Back to board C5 -500 500 What is: The Cerebellum? (The name comes from this structures resemblance to the cerebrum, although it is smaller. The cerebellum is thought to be important for coordinating motor tasks balance, hand/eye coordination etc. The cerebellum, like its namesake, may also be involved in higher order cognitive functions like problem solving and understanding sensory information. ) Slide 86 Back to Board C6 -200 200 What is: Hypothalamus? (Involved in emotions and motivations related to survival including thirst, hunger, reproduction. It is the executive in charge of the hormonal system the pituitary is its second in command. The hypothalamus also regulates the autonomic nervous system.) Slide 87 Back to Board C6 -400 400 What is: Thalamus? (Relay station for all sensory information, except smell. The thalamus directs the sensory information to appropriate parts of the cerebrum for further analysis.) Slide 88 Back to Board C6 -600 600 What is: Pituitary gland? Slide 89 Back to Board C6 -800 800 What is: The hippocampus? (Functions to store new information in the brain. It is NOT where older information is stored in memory. So if your hippocampus is damaged, you might have trouble remembering this game in a couple of minutes, you would still remember older, previously formed memories.) Slide 90 Back to Board C6 -1000 1000 Who is: Amygdala? (This structure controls your initial emotional response to stimuli. Also involved in arousal. For example, may spur you to run in fear if you think you see a mugger behind a bush. This initial response can be changed by the cerebrum upon further analysis. For example, if you realize that the mugger is really just the wind blowing the limbs of the bush, you wont run.) Slide 91 Back to Board C7 -200 200 What is: Temporal? (Located above the ears, this is where the auditory cortex is located.) Slide 92 Back to Board C7 -400 400 What is: Occipital? (The visual cortex is in the lobe located at the back of the cerebrum.) Slide 93 Back to Board C7 -600 600 What is: Parietal? ( The parietal lobe contains the somatosenory cortex. Soma means body, hence this part of the cerebrum analyzes sensory information, including temperature, sent from the body to the brain. The somatosensory cortex is adjacent to the motor cortex in the frontal lobe. So if Goldilocks senses that some porridge is too hot with the somatosensory cortex, the motor cortex can quickly send out a command to spit it out.) Slide 94 Back to Board C7 -800 800 What is: Frontal? (This lobe has many functions including social judgment, higher-order thinking, and planning these may account for Mr. Gages personality changes. This lobe is also involved in memory, and speech production. The motor cortex is also found here.) Slide 95 Back to Board C7 -1000 1000 Brocas area? (Located on left side of frontal lobe. An area responsible for understanding speech is on the left side of the temporal lobe, and is named Wernickes area. Slide 96 Back to Board C8 -200 200 Who is: Sigmund Freud Slide 97 Back to Board C8 -400 400 What is: Left? (This is true even of most left handers. Brocas area for speech production is located in the left frontal lobe. Wernickes area for speech comprehension is in the left temporal lobe.) Slide 98 Back to Board C8 -600 600 What is: Right? (The right hemisphere specializes in visual-spatial tasks, and facial recognition may be a special case of such a task. This hemisphere is less verbal than the left. Some people also believe it is more emotional and less logical than the left.) Slide 99 Back to Board C8 -800 800 What is: Right? (Information from the left visual field crosses over to the opposite brain hemisphere, i.e. the right. Information from the right visual field goes to the left brain. Note that the visual field is the external visual environment, it is not your eyes. The information from the visual field is picked up by your eyes, and is then sent to the brain. ) Slide 100 Back to Board C8 -1000 1000 What is: Right hand? (This is NOT because most people are right handed. Information from the right visual field is processed by the left brain hemisphere. The left brain controls the right side of the body. Hence, the right hand has access to the picture seen by the left brain. You may remember that the left hemisphere is not a specialist in visual-spatial tasks, so it may not be a great artist. Despite this limitation, it can create a recognizable drawing.) Slide 101 Back to Board C9 -200 200 The fat mouse Slide 102 Back to Board C9 -400 400 What is: Stage 4? (This is the deepest level of sleep, so it is surprising that sleepwalking and talking often occur now. The causes of sleepwalking are not completely understood, but is more common in children and is associated with illness, e.g., running a fever.) Slide 103 Back to Board C9 -600 600 What is: The amygdala Slide 104 Back to Board C9 -800 800 What is: Reflection of current concerns? (Theory that our dreams reflect issues from our current life. Hence students dream about exams because they spend part of their waking hours preparing for, taking, and worrying about exams. Nonstudents are less likely to dream about exams.) Slide 105 Back to Board C9 -1000 1000 What is : Activation-synthesis theory? (The pons, a structure in the brain stem, is involved in sleep and dreaming. Neurons in the pons fire during sleep, hence information is sent to the brain from the pons this is the activation. The information is random, it is not in story form. The higher order functions of our cerebrum, however, tries to make sense of those random thoughts, images, and feelings and incorporate them into a dream this is the synthesis. This process may explain why many of our dreams are so weird. Slide 106 Back to Board C10 -200 200 What is: Localization of function? Slide 107 Back to Board C10 -400 400 What are: Parkinsons disease? Slide 108 Back to Board C10 -600 600 What are: Stem cells? Slide 109 Back to Board C10 -800 800 What is: Limbic system? Slide 110 Back to Board C10 -1000 1000 What is: Olfactory bulb? (Smell is the only sense that is not relayed by the thalamus. Because the olfactory bulb is close to areas involved in emotion and memory, it makes sense that certain smells can sometimes evoke strong emotions and memories.) Slide 111 What is: the hippocampus? Final Jeopardy