DEALING WITH MULTIATTRIBUTED DECISIONHeruWijayantoBudiCahyonoLendyPrabowoRichardSilitongaKELOMPOK II

DISCUSSION TOPICSEXAMPLE OF MULTIATTRIBUTED DECISIONCHOICE OF ATTRIBUTESSELECTION OF MEASUREMENT SCALEDIMENSIONALITY OF THE PROBLEMSNON COMPENSATORY MODELSCOMPENSATORY MODELS

EXAMPLE OF MULTIATTRIBUTED DECISION

JOB/PLACEAttributesAPPEXNEW YORKSYCONLOS ANGELESSIGMAMACON, GAMc GRAW-WESLEYFLAGSTAFF, AZSocial climateGOODGOODFAIRFAIRWeather/sportsPOOREXCELLENTGOODVERY GOODStarting salary ($/annum)50,00045,00049,50046,500Career AdvacementFAIRVERY GOODGOODEXCELLENT

Alternatives

AttributesVendor AVendor BVendor CDo NothingPurchasing Cost $115,000$338,950$32,000$0Reduction in design time60%67%50%0FlexibilityExcellentExcellentGoodPoorInventory ControlExcellentExcellentExcellentPoorQualityExcellentExcellentGoodFairMarket ShareExcellentExcellentGoodFairMachine utilizationExcellentExcellentGoodPoor

Choice Of Attributes

Our Selection of measurement scaleMonetaryNon MonetaryToo ManyToo FewHow-Who-What

Find out these criteria in our previous table

Our Selection of measurement scaleMeasurement scale adalah pemberian nilai dari masing masing attribut untuk masing masing alternatif untuk membedakan tingkat kepentingan dari suatu alternatif Poor Fair Good Very Good ExcellentContoh : Untuk menilai investment cost disebutkan nilai nominal ( $ 1,000, $ 5,000 dsb ) Untuk menilai driving distance bisa disebutkan nilai nominalnya ( 2 km, 10 km dsb)Lalu bagaimana menilai attribut yang tidak terukur secara dimensi..?Dapat menggunakan subjective assesment measurement

DIMENSIONALITY OF THE PROBLEMSSingle Dimension AnalysisCollapse each alternative into a single metric or dimension which coressponds to the number used to represent attributes that discriminate among alternative

Full Dimension AnalysisNo attempt to collapse. Retain the individuality of attributes as the best alternative is being determined

DIMENSIONALITY OF THE PROBLEMSSingle Dimensioned Analysis, yaitu: usaha untuk memberi penilaian pada masing-masing alternatif ke dalam ukuran atau dimensi yang sama. Contohnya adalah sbb: Poor atau ( < $ 35,000 ) = ( < 60 ) Fair atau ( $ 35,001~$40,000 ) = ( 61 ~ 70 ) Good atau ( $ 40,001 ~ $ 45,000 ) = ( 71 ~ 80 )Very Good atau ( $ 45,001 ~ $ 50,000 ) = ( 81 ~ 90 ) Excellent atau ( >$50,001 ) = ( >90 )

DIMENSIONALITY OF THE PROBLEMSFull Dimensioned Analysis, yaitu: mempertahankan attribut individu sebagai alternatif terbaik artinya bahwa tidak ada usaha untuk merubah ke dalam ukuran atau dimensi yang sama Contohnya adalah sbb:

NON COMPENSATORY MODELS

Making attempt to select the best alternative in full of dimesionality of problems

Dominance (Eliminating)Satisficing (Standard)Disjunctive Resolution (Comparing)Lexicography (Most Important)

NON COMPENSATORY MODELS

1.Dominance, yaitu: metode screening untuk mengeliminasi alternatif yang inferior dari analisis. Alternatif pertama mendominasi alternatif yang lain. Metode ini tidak serta merta dapat digunakan untuk memilih alternatif terbaik. contoh: ada 4 vendor (A, B, C dan D) untuk mensuplai barang yang sama, secara kualitas vendor A lebih baik dari yang lain maka vendor A dikatakan lebih dominan dibandingkan vendor lainnya.

Satisficing atau kadang kadang disebut methode of feasible range, yaitu metode yang membutuhkan pemantapan nilai penerimaan minimum atau maksimum dari standar untuk masing-masing attribut. contoh: RAB suatu barang $ 150. Ada 4 vendor yang memasok barang yang sama dengan harga berikut:EliminasiMaksimum acceptanceMinimum acceptance

NON COMPENSATORY MODELS

Disjunctive Resolution, yaitu: metode yang mirip dengan satisficing dan tidak ada batas minimum standar penerimaan. Bahkan apabila alternatif melebihi standar minimum penerimaan, akan tetap dipertimbangkan. contoh: RAB suatu barang $ 150. Ada 4 vendor yang memasok barang yang sama dengan harga berikut:

Lexicography, yaitu model yang secara umum cocok untuk situasi keputusan yangmana single attribut dinilai lebih penting dibandingkan semua attribut lainnya. Alternatif yang mempunyai nilai tertinggi untuk attribut yang paling penting adalah yang dilipih.Maksimum acceptanceMinimum acceptance

Summary Info for choice of dentist :Best ValueWorst Valuea : Novoicane > Laughing Gas > Acupuncture > Hypnosisa > b : a is preffered to b

Alternatives

AttributesDr.MolarDr.FeelgoodDr.WhoopsDr.PepperCost ($/hr)$50$80$20$40Methode Of Anesthesia aNovocaineAcupuncturHypnosisLaughing GasDriving Distance(mil)1520530Weekly Office Hours40254040Quality of WorkExcellentFairPoorGood

Check for Dominance Among Alternatives

PairedComparison

AttributesMolar Vs Feel FeelgoodMolar Vs WhoopsMolar Vs PepperFeelgood Vs WhoopsFeelgoods Vs PepperWhoops Vs PepperCostBetterWorseWorseWorseWorseBetterAnesthesiaBetterBetterBetterBetterWorseWorseDistanceBetterWorseBetterWorseBetterBetterOffice HoursBetterEqualEqualWorseWorseEqualQualityBetterBetterBetterBetterWorseWorseDominance?YesNoNoNoNoNo

Feasible Ranges for Satisficing

AttributesMinimum Acceptable ValueMaximum Acceptable ValueUnacceptable AlternativesCost-$60None (Dr.Feelgood already eliminated)AnesthesiaAcupuncture-Dr.WhoopsDistance (miles)-30NoneOffice Hours3040None (Dr.Feelgood already eliminated)QualityGoodExcellentDr. Woops

Ordinal Ranking of dentists attribute

AResult of Paired ComparisonsCost > AnesthesiaQuality > CostCost > DistanceCost > Office HoursAnesthesia > DistanceAnesthesia > Office HoursQuality > AnesthesiaOffice Hours > DistanceQuality > DistanceQuality > Office HoursCosts more important than anesthesiaQualitys more important than CostCosts more important than distanceCosts more important than Office HoursAnesthesias more important than DistanceAnesthesias more important than Office HoursQualitys more important than anesthesiaOffice Hourss more important than DistanceQualitys more important than DistanceQualitys more important than Office Hours

BAttributesCostAnesthesiaDistanceOffice HoursQualityNumber of Times on left of > (=Ordinal Ranking)32014

Application of Lexicographya Rank of 4 : Most ~ Least importantb Based on highest ranked attribute

AttributesRank aAlternative Rank bCost3Whoops > Pepper > Molar > FeelGoodAnesthesia2Mollar > Pepper > Feelgood > WhoopsOffice Hours1Molar = Whoops = Pepper > FeelgoodDistance0Whoops > Molar > Feelgood > PepperQuality4Mollar > Pepper > Feelgood > Whoops

Compensatory ModelsValues of all attribute must be converted to a common measurement scale (dollars/utiles), make its overall value for each alternative

Nondimensional ScalingThe Hurwicz ProcedureAdditive Weighting Technique

Nondimensional ScalingConsidering :Nondimensional values should all have a common rangeAll dimensionless attributes should follow the same trend with respect to desirability; the most preffered values should be either all small or all large

Nondimensional ScalingSteps :Summarry Information & DimensionalityNondimensional ScalingNondimensional DataSummarize & Compare (Solution)

*Click for sample attached

Nondimensional Scaling

Nondimensional Scaling

The Hurwicz ProcedureOrdinal RankNondimensional DataNormalized Weight from ordinal dataAdditive Value Rank from Nondimensional dataSummarize additive value

*Click for Sample

The Hurwicz ProcedureKetika menggunakan Maximum Rule,ada tiga kandidat yaitu Dr. Mollar,Dr. Whoops dan Dr . Pepper, namun aturan lain berbunyi bahwa apabila adalebih dari satu yang maksimum maka berlaku aturan :Value of Second-Best AttributeArtinya bahwa Dr. Pepper is preferred choice

The Hurwicz Procedure menggunakan pencapaian level Intermediate antara Pesimism of Maximin dan Optimism of Maximax dengan menggunakan index of Optimism umumnya 0,5Hasilnya adalah Dr. Mollar pilihannya.

The Hurwicz Procedure

The Additive Weighting TechniqueGunakan rangking 1,2,3......., pada attribut berdasarkan posisiJumlahkan total nilai peringkat (sum)Normalize weight dengan cara membagi nilai masing masing attribut dengan (sum)Buatlah scoring untuk masing masing alternatif

SummaryObjective,available alternatives,& important attribute must be defined at the beginning

Finding solution can be quite convoluted when we use multiple objective or attributes

Multidimensional/Compensatory method are most useful for initial screening but usually involves high degree of alternative

Single-dimensional method are useful for final choice by using additional weighting technique

Thanks for Your Attention and Support

Good Luck for our final exam..

Kelompok II-Heru-Budi-Lendy-Richard