Change Request

• Change Request

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

Interoperability - Semantic interoperability

1 The content of the information exchange requests are

unambiguously defined: what is sent is the same as what is understood


ISO 10303 - History

1 At the end of 2010 the seventh Change Request (CR) of the SMRL has been worked

out.


Mobile security - Attacks based on the GSM networks

1 Since July 1, 2006, the GSMA (GSM Association) mandated that GSM Mobile Phones will not support the A5/2 Cipher any longer, due to its weakness, and the fact that A5/1 is deemed mandatory by the 3GPP association. In July 2007, the

3GPP has approved a change request to prohibit the implementation of A5/2 in any new mobile phones. If the network does not support A5/1, or any other A5 algorithm implemented by the phone,

then an unencrypted connection can be used.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

Infrastructure - Engineering

1 When required, review Change requests from the GC, and issue

construction directives and change orders


Software prototyping - Operational prototyping

1 The development team, with the change requests in hand from all the

sites, then produce a new evolutionary prototype using

conventional methods.


Information security - Change management

1 The person making the change request may or may not be the same person that

performs the analysis or implements the change. When a request for change is received, it may undergo a preliminary review to determine if the requested

change is compatible with the organizations business model and practices, and to

determine the amount of resources needed to implement the change.



1 Management might choose to reject a change request if the change is not compatible with the business model, industry standards or best practices.



1 Management might also choose to reject a change request if the change requires more resources than can be

allocated for the change.


Perl - 2000–present

1 In 2001, work began on the apocalypses for Perl 6, a series of

documents meant to summarize the change requests and present the

design of the next generation of Perl


Information Technology Infrastructure Library - Change management

1 Request For Change (RFC) or, in older terminology, Change Request

(CR): a form used to record details of a request for a change and is sent as an input to Change Management by

the Change Requestor


Information Technology Infrastructure Library - Service desk

1 Service desk: not only handles incidents, problems and questions but

also provides an interface for other activities such as change requests, maintenance contracts, software

licenses, service-level management, configuration management, availability management, financial management

and IT services continuity management


CMMI Version 1.3

1 CMMI Version 1.3 is the most recent release of CMMI to the public. It was released on November 1, 2010. This

release is special because it updates all three CMMI models (CMMI for

Development, CMMI for Services, and CMMI for Acquisition) to make them consistent and to improve their high maturity practices. The CMMI Product Team has reviewed more than 1,150 change requests for the models and

850 for the appraisal method.


CMMI Version 1.3 - Expanded Coverage

1 A number of change requests have suggested further expansion of CMMI models in new directions. Although this release is not suitable for major expansions like the ones in two most

recently released constellations, information was added on customer satisfaction, software architecture,

and Agile Methods.


Software configuration management - Purposes

1 Configuration control - Implementing a controlled change process. This is

usually achieved by setting up a change control board whose primary

function is to approve or reject all change requests that are sent

against any baseline.


Software bug

1 Reports detailing bugs in a program are commonly known as bug reports, defect reports, fault reports, problem

reports, trouble reports, change requests, and so forth.


Requirements analysis - Weaknesses

1 It is almost impossible to uncover all the functional requirements before

the process of development and testing begins. If these lists are

treated as an immutable contract, then requirements that emerge in

the Development process may generate a controversial change

request.


StarTeam - Branching support

1 In addition to file versioning, StarTeam also stores requirements, project tasks, change requests, and

discussions. All of these can be interlinked to enhance traceability

within a project.


Configuration management - Overview

1 Configuration Control: Includes the evaluation of all change requests and

change proposals, and their subsequent approval or disapproval.


Project portfolio management - Change Control

1 The capture and prioritization of change requests that can include new

requirements, features, functions, operational constraints, regulatory

demands, and technical enhancements. PPM provides a central repository for these change requests and the ability

to match available resources to evolving demand within the financial

and operational constraints of individual projects.


Change management (engineering) - Introduction

1 Notes: In the process below, it is arguable that the change committee

should be responsible not only for accept/reject decisions, but also

prioritization, which influences how change requests are batched for

processing.


Change management (engineering) - Activities

1 They are: Identify potential change, Analyze change request, Evaluate change, Plan change, Implement

change and Review and close change.



1 Project managerThe project manager is the owner of the project that the CHANGE

REQUEST concerns.



1 Change committeeThe change committee decides whether a CHANGE REQUEST will be

implemented or not.



1 Request change A customer proposes a change through creation of a CHANGE

REQUEST.



1 Analyze change request Determine technical feasibility The project

manager determines the technical feasibility of the proposed CHANGE

REQUEST, leading to a CHANGE TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY.



1 Determine costs and benefits The project manager determines the

costs and benefits of the proposed CHANGE REQUEST, resulting in

CHANGE COSTS AND BENEFITS.



1 Evaluate change Based on the CHANGE REQUEST, its CHANGE

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY and CHANGE COSTS AND BENEFITS, the change

committee makes the go/no-go decision.



1 It could be argued that this activity leads to another go/no-go decision, or that it even forms a part of the Analyze change request activity.



1 Test change The change builder tests whether what (s)he has built

actually works and satisfies the CHANGE REQUEST.


Change management (engineering) - Deliverables

1 These deliverables or concepts are described in Table 3; in this context,

the most important concepts are: CHANGE REQUEST and CHANGE LOG

ENTRY.



1 CHANGE REQUEST, SYSTEM RELEASE) lend themselves for the

versioning approach as proposed by Weerd, but this has also been left out

due to diagram complexity constraints.



1 CHANGE REQUEST Document that describes the requested change and

why it is important; can originate from PROBLEM REPORTS, system

enhancements, other projects, changes in underlying systems and

senior management, here summarized as REQUIREMENTS

(Dennis, et al., 2002).



1 For a project); consists of a CHANGE REQUEST, CHANGE TECHNICAL

FEASIBILITY, CHANGE COSTS AND BENEFITS, CHANGE IMPACT

ANALYSIS, CHANGE PLANNING, TEST REPORT and CHANGE VERIFICATION.



1 Change request] can be acquired or developed by an organization in the required

time” (Vogl, 2004).


Change management (engineering) - Examples

1 Often users report bugs or desire new functionality from their software programs, which leads to a change

request.



1 In turn, these produce a change request (see Figure 2 on the right),

which will probably justify a change.



1 Nevertheless, a – most likely simplistic – cost and benefit analysis

has to be done, after which the change request can be approved.


ITIL security management - Implementation

1 Process of formally identifying changes by type e.g., project scope change request, validation change

request, infrastructure change request this process leads to asset

classification and control documents.


Pandora Radio - Royalty developments since 2007

1 In 2007, a federal panel agreed with a SoundExchange request and

ordered a doubling of the per-song performance royalty that Web radio

stations pay to performers and record companies. Under this

scheme, internet radio would pay double the royalty paid by satellite

radio.


Keyhole Markup Language - OGC standard process

1 The OGC KML Standards Working Group is currently working on change

requests to KML 2.2 and incorporating accepted changes into

a future KML 2.3 standard.


Change management (ITSM) - Process overview

1 Change management would typically be composed of the raising and recording of

changes, assessing the impact, cost, benefit and risk of proposed changes, developing business justification and

obtaining approval, 'managing' and co-ordinating change implementation,

monitoring and reporting on implementation, reviewing and closing

change requests.


V-Model - Advantages

1 * The users of the V-Model participate in the development and maintenance of The V-Model. A change control board publicly maintains the V-Model. The

change control board meets anywhere from every day to weekly and processes

all change requests received during system development and test.[http://v-

modell.iabg.de/v-modell-xt-html-english/db09fe25265517.html#toc34 Further Development of the V-Model]


Joseph Francis Shea - Program manager

1 While Shea did his part in attempting to control the change requests,

Storms felt that he did not understand or sympathize with the inevitable problems involved in the

day-to-day work of manufacturing.Gray, Angle of Attack,

pp


ITIL - Change management

1 * Request For Change (RFC) or, in older terminology, change request|

Change Request (CR): a form used to record details of a request for a

change and is sent as an input to Change Management by the Change

Requestor


ITIL - Service desk

1 * Service desk: not only handles incidents, problems and questions but

also provides an interface for other activities such as change requests, maintenance contracts, software

licenses, service-level management, configuration management, availability management, financial management

and IT services continuity management


Configuration item - Role in configuration management

1 *From the perspective of the implementer of a change request|

change, the CI is the what of the change. Altering a specific baseline

(configuration management)|baseline version of a configuration item creates a new version of the same configuration

item, itself a baseline. In examining the effect of a change, two of the questions

that must be asked are:


3GPP - Standardization process

1 * the 3GPP WGs hold several meetings a year. They prepare and

discuss change requests against 3GPP specifications. A change

request accepted at WG level is called agreed.


3GPP - Standardization process

1 * the 3GPP TSGs hold plenary meetings quarterly. The TSGs can approve the change requests that were agreed at

WG level. Some specifications are under the direct responsibility of TSGs

and therefore, change requests can also be handled at TSG level. The

approved change requests are subsequently incorporated in 3GPP

specifications.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

Service desk - Differences from a call center, contact center, help desk

1 In addition to actively monitoring and owning Incidents and user questions, and providing the communications

channel for other service management disciplines with the

user community, a service desk also provides an interface for other

activities such as customer change requests, third parties (e.g


Definitive Media Library - Scope

1 * records (metadata) are kept in a CMDB about where the software is installed and

deployed from the DML and into the production environment. Each installation or deployment should be authorised by a corresponding production change request and the resulting change recorded in the CMDB as a relationship between the DML

artefact and the platform where it has been deployed.


Change request

1 A 'change request' is a document containing a call for an adjustment of a system; it is of great importance in

the change management process.


Change request

1 An example of a change request can be found in Figure

1 on the right.


Change request

1 [ http://www.pmhut.com/how-to-control-change-requests How to

Control Change Requests], PM Hut, November 15, 2009


Change request

1 Change requests have many different names, which essentially describe the same concept:


Change request

1 * Engineering Change Request

(ECR) at Aero (Helms, 2002);


Change request

1 * Change Request (CR) is, among others, used by Lam (1998),

Mäkäräinen (2000), Dennis, et al. (2002), Crnkovic, Asklund and

Persson-Dahlqvist (2003) and at ABB Automation Products AB (Kajko-

Mattsson, 1999).


Change request

1 * Operational Change Request (OCR)


Technical director - Software

1 In software development, a Technical Director is typically responsible for the successful creation and delivery of the

company's product to the marketplace by managing technical risks and opportunities;

making key software design and implementation decisions with the

development teams, scheduling of tasks including tracking dependencies, managing change requests, and guaranteeing quality

of deliveries and educating the team on technical best practices.


Data as a service - Benefits

1 * Cost-effectiveness – Providers can build the base with the data experts

and outsource the presentation layer, which makes for very cost-

effective user interfaces and makes change requests at the presentation

layer much more feasible.


Configuration management - Overview

1 * Configuration Control: Includes the evaluation of all change requests and

change proposals, and their subsequent approval or disapproval.

It is the process of controlling modifications to the system's design,

hardware, firmware, software, and documentation.


Championship Cup Series - Rulebook

1 The CCS Official Rulebook can be found on their website, at

http://www.ccsracing.us. Before each season, the CCS Rules

Committee makes changes based on the previous year's experience as well as input and change requests

from racers and race teams.


Apache Tomcat - High availability

1 A high-availability feature has been added to facilitate the scheduling of system upgrades (e.g. new releases,

change requests) without affecting the live environment. This is done by

dispatching live traffic requests to a temporary server on a different port while the main server is upgraded on the main

port. It is very useful in handling user requests on high-traffic web applications.


Mercury Interactive

1 'Mercury' (formerly 'Mercury Interactive Corporation') is part of the HP Software Division. Mercury

offered software for application management, application delivery,

change and configuration management, service-oriented

architecture, change request, quality assurance, and IT governance.


Database activity monitoring - Common use cases for DAM

1 Privileged user monitoring includes auditing all activities and

transactions; identifying anomalous activities (such as viewing sensitive data, or creating new accounts with

superuser privileges); and reconciling observed activities (such as adding or deleting tables) with authorized

change requests.


Information security policies - Change management

1 *'Requested:' Anyone can request a change. The person making the change request may or may not be the same person that performs the analysis or

implements the change. When a request for change is received, it may undergo a preliminary review to determine if the

requested change is compatible with the organizations business model and

practices, and to determine the amount of resources needed to implement the

change.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

Information security policies - Change management

1 *'Approved:' Management runs the business and controls the allocation of resources therefore, Management must

approve requests for changes and assign a priority for every change. Management might choose to reject a change request if the change is not compatible with the business model, industry standards or

best practices. Management might also choose to reject a change request if the

change requires more resources than can be allocated for the change.


IBM Rational Software Modeler - Overview

1 It has integrations with other Rational tools, such as Rational

ClearCase|ClearCase configuration management and Rational

ClearQuest|ClearQuest exception handling (defect reports and change

requests).


Project management triangle - Activity sequencing

1 #Inputs: Project Scope Statement, Activity List, Activity Attributes,

Milestones List, Approved change requests


Project management triangle - Schedule control

1 #Inputs: Schedule management plan, schedule baseline, performance reports,

approved change requests


86-DOS - Creation of PCDOS

1 Microsoft purchased a non-exclusive license for 86-DOS from Seattle Computer Products in December 1980 for $25,000. In May 1981, it hired Tim Paterson to port the system to the IBMPC, which used the

slower and less expensive Intel 8088 processor and had its own specific family

of peripherals. IBM watched the developments daily, submitted over 300 change requests before it accepted the

product and wrote the user manual for it.


MSML

1 The application server establishes a control 'tunnel' (through Session Initiation Protocol|SIP or Internet

Protocol|IP), which it uses to exchange requests/responses with

the media server


A5/2

1 Since July 1, 2006, the GSM Association|GSMA (GSM Association) mandated that GSM Mobile Phones will not support the

A5/2 Cipher any longer, due to its weakness, and the fact that A5/1 is

deemed mandatory by the 3GPP association. In July 2007, the 3GPP has approved a change request to prohibit the implementation of A5/2 in any new mobile phones. If the network does not support A5/1, or any other A5 algorithm

implemented by the phone, then an unencrypted connection can be used.


Peregrine Systems - Products

1 *'Get-Services' - Web based application that lets employees create and manage change requests.[http://www.freshnews.com/news/

47751/peregrine-systemsr-change-management-solution-helps-businesses-gain-control-their-it-infr/ Freshnews.com.

“Peregrine Systems’ Change Management Solutions Helps Businesses Gain Control of the IT Infrastructure.” Retrieved 2010-02-

19.]


ACARS - Aircraft equipment

1 * Flight management system - sends flight plan change requests, position reports, etc. Receives clearances and

controller instructions.


MedDRA - Maintenance of MedDRA

1 The MSSO updates MedDRA according to subscriber change requests, for example to add a new medical concept that is yet to be in MedDRA or to change an existing

concept. The decisions are made by international medical officers on how to

map the terminology within the grouping categories according to a general

consensus based on language considerations internationally.


Heart Wales - Real Radio

1 In December 2008, GMG Group was awarded the corresponding North and

Mid Wales licence. Following an agreed format change request with

OFCOM, the existing South and West Wales service was rolled out to the

new coverage area. The station began broadcasting on its North and Mid

Wales frequencies on 4 January 2011.


Proxy list - Proxy server basics

1 * 'Fully anonymous proxies' - Such proxies do not change request fields and look like real browser. Your real IP is also hidden of course. People

that administer internet servers will think that you are not using any

proxies.


Saturn I - Selecting the upper stages

1 In July 1959 a change request was received from ARPA to upgrade the

upper stage to a much more powerful design using four new liquid

hydrogen/liquid oxygen powered engines in a larger-diameter 160 second stage, with an upgraded

Centaur using two engines of the same design for the third stage. On this

change Medaris noted:https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

Zhuhai International Circuit - Track layout

1 The original circuit contained 16 corners. But corners 7, 8 and 9 were

eliminated after a track change request from FIM and made into one

corner.


Ubisoft - Controversies

1 All the users who registered were emailed by the Ubisoft company about the breach and a password

change request


Divorce party - Unitarian Universalism

1 A divorce ceremony performed by Unitarian Universalist clergy is known

as a ceremony of hope, which is normally carried out in a public forum.

According to Beliefnet, the two divorcees are expected to exchange

requests and acceptances of forgiveness for supposed infractions

which damaged confidence in the relationship.


Anomaly in software

1 Reports detailing bugs in a program are commonly known as bug reports, defect reports, fault reports, problem

reports, trouble reports, change requests, and so forth.


Conceptual interoperability - Levels of conceptual interoperability

1 On this level, the 'meaning of the data' is shared; the content of the information exchange requests are

unambiguously defined


ECR

1 * Engineering Change Request, a request for a change in the

specification(s) - see Change request or Engineering change order


Operation Bertram - Planning

1 Within two weeks Barkas's plan was accepted, but with one change

requested by Montgomery: the dummy armour was doubled to represent a whole armoured corps of over 600 vehicles. Richardson integrated the

camouflage plan with the main plans: in Barkas's words, Richardson amplified it a

great deal to fit in with all the other major considerations, which he knew

and I didn't.Sykes, 1990. p98.


Capital (radio network) - Capital

1 On 1 July 2011, Global Group|Global Radio requested to change the formats of Capital

Birmingham and Capital Scotland which have obligations from previous owners - this

is to enable all nine Capital stations to be inline.[http://radiotoday.co.uk/2011/07/glob

al-requests-capital-fm-format-change/ Global requests Capital format change]

Radio Today, 1 July 2011 On 17 November 2011, Ofcom approved both format change requests.[http://radiotoday.co.uk/2011/11/of

com-approves-capital-format-change/ Ofcom approves Capital format change]

Radio Today, 17 November 2011https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

Conquest of Fadak - The Conquest of Fadak

1 To spare their lives, they pleaded for a peace treaty, and in exchange requested Muhammad to take over one half of their

wealth and property and banish them.[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fOyO-

TSo5nECpg=PA398 The Life of Muhammad, By Muhammad Husayn

Haykal, Published: Islamic Book Trust, Pg 398][http://books.google.co.uk/books?

id=DrtLsKXt1osCpg=PA50 The Origins of the Islamic State (Kitab Futuh Al-Buldan),

By Abu Al-Abbas Ahmad Bin Jab Al-Baladhuri,Pg 50]


Capital FM Scotland - 105–106 Capital

1 On 1 July 2011, Global Group|Global Radio requested to change the formats of Capital

Birmingham and Capital Scotland which have obligations from previous owners – this is to

enable all nine Capital FM stations to be inline.[http://radiotoday.co.uk/?p=8433 Global

requests Capital FM format change] Radio Today, 1 July 2011 On 17 November 2011 it was announced Ofcom approved two format change requests.[http://radiotoday.co.uk/2011/11/ofco

m-approves-capital-format-change/ Ofcom approves Capital format change] Radio Today,

17 November 2011


Othello (1952 film) - Different versions of the film

1 This had a number of minor editing changes and several major soundtrack changes, including Welles' replacement

of his spoken-word titles with written credits (a change requested by the

film's distributor United Artists), Suzanne Cloutier's entire performance being dubbed by Gudrun Ure, and the

addition of a narration by Welles


FK Makedonija Gjorče Petrov - History

1 The name change request was expected for some time now, and the Football Federation of

Macedonia, on January 10, 2012, finally accepted the request by MFK Treska to change

its name and become officially registered as FK Makedonija Gjorče Petrov, name under which they will compete for the rest of the

season.[http://www.macedonianfootball.com/index.php?

option=com_contentview=articleid=4066:treska-becomes-makedonija-

gjpcatid=1:domesticItemid=63 Treska officially becomes Makedonija GjP] at MacedonianFootball.com, 10-1-2012


John P. Angelos - Orioles and Consumer-Friendly Policies

1 In 2009, the team created a “Birdland Stimulus Package” with discounts and affordable

entertainment options for families and the team's refund and exchange policy is one of the league's

most liberal, allowing fans a great deal of scheduling

flexibility.[http://www.bizjournals.com/washington/stories/2009/03/02/daily48.html Washington

Business Journal: Baltimore Orioles add birthday present to ‘stimulus package’ promotion] The club also received strong reviews for relaxing its refund

policy during a bizarre rainout in 1999.[http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1999-10-

01/sports/9910010026_1_refund-policy-fans-merrill Baltimore Sun: Anger over rainout call prompts

team to honor all cash, exchange requests]https://store.theartofservice.com/the-change-request-toolkit.html

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Change Request