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Changes in Japan’s Government
• We’re going to talk about – foreign invasion– internal rebellion– unification – isolation
• What do you think these terms might mean??
Order Breaks Down
• For about 100 years the shoguns were able to keep order in Japan
• But, challenges to the shoguns’ power brought this order to an end
Challenges
• We’re going to talk about two challenges that led to the breakdown of the shoguns’ rule– Mongol Invasion– Rebellion in Japan
Mongol Invasion
• Remember the story “The Winds that Saved Japan?
• What happened when the Mongols tried to invade?
This map shows the Mongols retreating from Japan in 1281
Mongol Invasions
• Kublai Khan sent ships from China to invade Japan in 1274 and 1281
• Both times, the Mongol fleet was severely damaged by storms
Mongol Invasions
• Daimyo and Samurai got angry- they thought the shogun didn’t give them enough credit for the victories
Rebellion in Japan
• Do you remember what the emperor was doing while the shogun was running Japan??
• After the Mongol invasion, the emperor and the daimyos began to fight the shogun to gain control of the country
Rebellion in Japan
• By the 1400s, the shogun had lost control, the emperor was mostly powerless and the daimyo ruled much of Japan
• Daimyos controlled their own lands- made laws, collected taxes
• Now there was no powerful central ruler in Japan
Strong Leaders Take Over
• New local leaders fought each other to gain control of all of Japan in the 1500s
A Daimyo being transported by his servants and samurai
Strong Leaders Take Over
• We’re going to talk about how these new leaders– Unified Japan– Isolated Japan
Japan Unifies
• One local leader who fought for power was Oda Nobunaga
• Oda Nobunaga started to unify Japan, he gave his soldiers guns he bought from Portuguese traders
• With these new weapons he easily defeated his opponents
Japan Unifies
• After Oda died another leader took control of all of Japan
• Tokugawa Ieyasu conquered all of his enemies- the emperor made him shogun
Japan Unifies
• Tokugawa ruled from his capital at Edo
• This period is called the Tokugawa shogunate
• While the Tokugawa family ruled, Japan traded with other countries and let Christian missionaries live in Japan
Isolation
• Some shoguns feared contact with other countries would cause them to lose their power
• In the 1630s the ruling shogun closed Japan off from the rest of the world
Japan was isolated until the 1850s
Isolation
• Guns were banned to keep peasants from threatening the samurai armies
• The lack of contact with the outside world and less technology extended the samurai period in Japan to the 1800s
Questions
• After he defeated all of his rivals, which local leader reunified Japan and became shogun?