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Chapter 1Introduction to
Database Processing
Database Processing
David M. Kroenke
Database Processing
© 2000 Prentice Hall
Chapter 1
© 2000 Prentice Hall
Database Example 1Mary Richards Housepainting
– Self Employed Entrepreneur– Single User Database– 3 Tables (Customers, Jobs, Source)– Data Needs:
• Track how customers, jobs, and referrals relate• Record bid estimates• Track referral sources• Produce mailing labels
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SOURCE
CUSTOMER
JOB
Tables of Data for Mary Richards Housepainting, Figure 1-1© 2000 Prentice Hall
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Database Example 2
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Treble Clef Music– Multi-User database on LAN– 3 Tables (Customers, Instruments, Rentals)– Data Needs:
• Track instrument rentals• Handle multi-user issues
Page 7Customer Form, Figure 1-5a
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Page 7Rental Agreement Form, Figure 1-5b
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Page 8Instrument Form, Figure 1-5c
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Database Example 3
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State Licensing & Vehicle Registration– 52 Centers, 37 Offices, Hundreds of Users– 40 Tables– Data Needs:
• Track drivers licensing issues– traffic violations, accidents, arrests, limitations
• Track auto registration issues– revenue, law enforcement
• Integrate the needs of many departments
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Database Example 4
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Calvert Island Reservations Centre– Chamber of Commerce – Promotional database provides access to data – Customer and reservation database processes– Data Needs:
• Store multimedia data (photos, video clips, sound clips)• Must be Web / browser accessible• Uses Web technologies including HTTP, DHTML, and XML
Comparison of Database Examples
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File-Processing Systems
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Figure 1-10© 2000 Prentice Hall
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Problems with File-Processing Systems
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• Data are separated and isolated• Data are often duplicated• Application program dependent• Incompatible data files• Difficult to understand
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File-Processing Systems
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Create problems with data integrity because data is:
duplicated duplicatedduplicated duplicated
duplicated duplicatedduplicated duplicated
DBMS Relationships
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Figure 1-9© 2000 Prentice Hall
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Benefits of DBMS
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• Data is integrated• Data duplication is reduced• Data is program independent• Data is easy to understand
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Database
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“a self-describing collection of integrated records”
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Data Dictionary
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“a description of the structure of the database; data directory;
metadata”
Hierarchy of Data Elements
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Figure 1-11 (a) File Processing (b) Database Systems© 2000 Prentice Hall
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Transactions
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“representations of events”– making a sale– receiving a payment– authorizing a new hire– accepting a shipment
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Early Relational Model
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• 1970, E.F. Codd• Normalization Process• Compute Intensive
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Microcomputer DBMS
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• Ashton - Tate: dBase II, now Borland
• Oracle, Focus, Ingress ported down• Paradox, Revelation, MDBS, Helix,
Foxpro, Access built specifically for microcomputers
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Current Database Trends
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• Client-Server Applications• Integration of Internet Technology• Distributed Processing• Object-Oriented DBMS
