Chapter 1. Introduction to Wireless Networks

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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TOWIRELESS NETWORKS

Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Protocols and Systems , Prentice

Hall

By Vania Utami


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Evolution Of Mobile Cellular

GSM

GPRS

PCAS

WLANS

UMTS


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Evolution Of Mobile Cellular

1stGeneration

2ndGeneration

2.5G

3thGeneration


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1st Generation

AMPS Total Spektrum 400 Mhz from 800 Mhz Service Area 2100 square miles Terdapat 832 Chanel Data rate 10 kbps Using directional atenna 7-cell reuse pattern Fm FDMA

TACS 1000 chanel Data rate 8 kbps Fm FDMA


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2nd Generation

TDMA (Time devision Multiple Access) danCDMA (code divison multiple acess)

Contoh : GSM , CT2 (CordlessTelephone) , PACS

(Personal Acess Communication System) Base station Controller (BSCs) dan MSC (Mobile

Switching Center ) interface distandarkan

Mobile ass

ited handoff diperkenalkan Menggunakan digital encoding

Support voice and some limited datacommunication , fax , sms


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2,5 G

GPRS adalah radio teknologi

Shorter setup untuk ISP connection

Packet Switching EDGE shg GSM operator bisa menggunakan

GSM radio bands untuk mewarkan wirelessmultimedia ip based service

Teorical max speed : 384 kbps

Bit rate 48 kbps per tim slot and up to 60,2 kbps

TDMA


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3th generation

uses a hybrid TDMA/CDMA/FDMA

use of hierarchical cell structures

Advanced multiple access techniques In Europe, there are three evolving networks

under investigation:

UMTS (Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsSystems),

MBS (Mobile Broadband Systems),

and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks).


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GSM

Memiliki protokol komunikasi , interface dan

fungsional entiti sndiri

Memiliki kemampuan untuk roaming ,carrying speech dan data traffic

Memiliki unik id dengan menggunakan IMSI

(internasional mobile subscriber indetify) .Imsi disimapn di SIM (subscriber indetity

module)


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GSM Architecture


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Keterangan

The HLR provides identity information about a GSM user, itshome subscription base, and service profiles. It also keeps trackof mobile users registered within its home area that may haveroamed to other areas.

The VLR stores information about subscribers visiting a particulararea within the control of a specific MSC.

The authentication center (AC) is used to protect subscribersfrom unauthorized access. It checks and authenticates when auser powers up and registers with the network.

The EIR is used for equipment registration so that the hardware

in use can be identified. Hence if a device isstolen, service accesscan be denied by the network. Also, if a device has not beenpreviously approved by the network vendor (perhapssubject tothe payment of fees by the user), EIR checks can prevent thedevice from accessing the network


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Imsi Arsitektur


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GPRS

data overlay over the voice-based GSM

cellular network

consists of a packet wireless access networkand an IP-based backbone

Users can access IP services via GPRS/GSM

networks

include both point-to-point and point-to-

multipoint communications


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Arsitektur GSM


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Personal Communication

Services Radio communications that encompass mobile and

ancillary fixed communication that providesservices toindividuals and business and can be integrated with avariety of competing networks

PCS is aimed at the personal consumer industry for massconsumption.

PCS is one where the public switched telephone network(PSTN) is connected to a variety of other networks, such asCATV (cable television), AMPS cellular systems, etc.

The basic requirements for a PCS are: Users must be able to make calls wherever they are Offered services must be reliable and of good quality Provision of multiple servicessuch as voice, fax, video, paging,

etc., must be available.


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Wireless LANs (WLANS)

evolved to extend to existing wired networks

Most WLANs are compatible with Ethernet, andhence, there is no need for protocol conversion.

A radio base station can be installed in a networkto serve multiple wireless hosts over 100-200 m

A host (for example, a laptop) can be wirelesslyenabled by installing a wireless adapter and theappropriate communication driver

WLANssupport existing TCP /IP-basedapplications


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WLAN Arsitektur dan Ethernet

Wired Backbone


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Universal Mobile Telecommunications

System (UMTS) UMTS employs an ATM-based switching network

architecture and aims to provide services for both mobileand fixed subscribers by common call-processingprocedures.

The UMTS architecture issplit into core (switching)networks, control (service) networks, and access networks

The UMTS network comprises: (a) the mobile terminal, (b) the base transceiver station (BTS),

(c) the cell site switch (CSS), (d) mobile service control points (MSCP), and (e) the UMTS

mobility service (UMS).

UMTS is also designed to offer data rate on-demand

UMTS include both terrestrial and satellite systems


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Istilah

Packet Switching : technique whereby the

information (voice or data) to be sent is

broken up into packets, of at most a fewKbytes each, which are then routed by the

network between different destinations

based on addressing data within each packet

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Chapter 1. Introduction to Wireless Networks