Chapter 10 Becoming a World Power (1890-1915). Section One: the Pressure to Expand 1. Define...
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Chapter 10 Becoming a World Power (1890-1915). Section One: the Pressure to Expand 1. Define imperialism/expansionism Imperialism—when a stronger country
Section One: the Pressure to Expand 1. Define
imperialism/expansionism Imperialismwhen a stronger country takes
over a weaker country for its own economic or political gain.
(watch imperialism video)
Slide 3
2. Why did imperialism grow? Height of imperialism was in the
late 1800s. Why? economicsadvanced industrial countries demanded a
supply of raw materials/resources for their manufactured goods.
nationalismcompetition among especially the European nations to be
superior. militaryEuropean armies became superior over other places
and could use force to gain land and supplies. (England was one of
first great competitors since Columbuss time with Spain and
Portugal). humanitarianSome Westerners (Europeans/Americans) saw
their conquest as a good deed for spreading their religion and
culture.
Slide 4
3. What are some arguments in favor of imperialism/expansionism
(for it) economics:---American businesses can expand market
internationally/expand trade. National security---you can build a
strong navy and station them at bases around the world to protect
Americans and businesses. social/religious/humanitarianyou can tame
inferior peoples (social Darwinism) in other places, convert them
to Christianity, and help them. definition of the Monroe: The old
Monroe DoctrineHey other countries must stay out of our side of the
world! (Western Hemisphere). We will stay neutral (not involved in
world conflict) the New Monroe Doctrinethe U.S. will go out and
take land (imperialism/expansionism). But still want other big
powers to stay out of our side of the world (Western
Hemisphere)
Slide 5
Monroe Doctrine
Slide 6
France and Spain were meddling in our side of the world
(Western Hemisphere)
Slide 7
ACTIVITY 1! List at least 2 places that you can tell were
subject to imperialism and how you can tell.
Slide 8
Section Two: The Spanish-American War 1. What were some
factors/causes that sparked the Spanish-American War? (between US
and Spain) --journalists (yellow journalismsometimes
false/exaggerated stories) ---reporting about other countries and
how the Spaniards treated people led some Americans to believe it
was okay for the US to interfere in Latin America. Bombing of the
U.S.S. MaineFeb. 15, 1898, an accidental explosion killed more than
250 American navy men. McKinley hesitated, but pressure was put on
him from yellow journalism. Americans wanted action against Spain
--Cuban rebellion--Cubans rebelled against Spain and also destroyed
American sugar plantations in Cuba to get Americas attention.
Slide 9
The de Lome letterin which the Spanish ambassador called US
President McKinley weak. Navy stationed in PhilippinesTheodore
Roosevelt (who was then the secretary of the navy), stationed navy
troops in Pacific to prepare for war against Spain. President
McKinley disagreed and removed them. McKinleys peace or war
messagePresident McKinley tried to peacefully negotiate with Spain
if they: ended bad treatment of Cubans, paid compensation for
bombing of the Maine, and granted Cuban independence, but Spain
refused to grant independence. Pressured, McKinley declared war on
Spain.
Slide 10
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2. What were some events and effects of the Spanish- American
war? (May 1July 3, 1898) Event: The US attacked Spain from the
Philippines (Pacific) and from Cuba (Atlantic). A famous battle was
the US rough riders against the Spanish at the Battle of San Juan
Hill in Cuba. Only 2,500 Americans died (most from food poisoning
or disease). Only 400 died in battle. Spain was defeated in only
few months. Effects US imperialism/expansion---American gains
territory and trade increases. Treaty of ParisSpain recognized
Cuban independence and sold the US the territories of the
Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam. (some Americans disagreed with
this imperialism). Filipinos, Cubans, and Puerto Ricans even fought
in the Spanish-American war and thought the US would give them
independence from Spain, not conquer them! US went to war with
Philippines--over 200,000 were killed and 7,000 Americans were
killed or wounded. Cubans didnt like America occupation and finally
agreed to allow the US to intervene in Cuban affairs when necessary
as long as the US recognized Cuban independence. To stop the Puerto
Ricans from rebelling for their independence, America granted them
citizenship.
Slide 12
3. List some other territories the US conquered during the late
1800s and early 1900s. China/part of its bordersthe US was
competing with European countries and feared one country may end up
controlling China. So, the US convinced China to keep an open door
policy with Westerners. (Britain also forced this policy on China
by force). Hawaiithe US illegally overthrew the Hawaiian Queen and
annexed Hawaii. Secured cheaper sugar and Pearl Harbor naval
station. Samoathe US secured another naval base. Guamand other
Pacific islands
Slide 13
Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii
Slide 14
14 Americans Lean Toward Expansion
Slide 15
Section Three: A New Foreign Policy 1. Why did the US want the
Panama Canal? 2. In what ways did the US exercise aggressive police
power and the Roosevelt Corollary? McKinley was assassinated and
President Theodore Roosevelt was now President. He used aggressive
military policies to get what he wanted. (Roosevelt Corollary).
Latin America felt threatened by Americas constant intervention in
their affairs. Panama----Roosevelt and many Americans felt that a
passageway through Panama(central America) would make shipping
faster and cheaper from the Atlantic to the Pacific. France bought
this concession from Columbia, but now the U.S. pressured Columbia
to allow them to buy Frances concession. The US even backed up a
Panamanian revolt against Columbia. In 10 years, by 1914, the canal
was complete. Latin America felt threatened by Americas constant
intervention in their affairs. Hardshipsmany workers died from
tropical mosquito carrying diseases such as yellow fever and
malaria. Dominican Republicwas going to be taken over by European
powers it owed money to, so the US intervened and paid off debt and
controlled this area. East AsiaRoosevelt was seen as aggressive but
was also awarded the Nobel Peace price for helping Russia and Japan
work out their opposition and worked to keep Chinas open door
policy (trade with Westerners)
Slide 16
The construction project was huge!
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Testing the locks.
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A tanker moves through the locks
Slide 19
The Panama Canal saved 8900 miles from San Francisco to New
York City.
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3. Explain the foreign diplomacy policies of the 3 Progressive
Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson
all involved the US in foreign affairs. William H. Taft---wanted
less war and more money spent on investing in foreign countries to
keep them stable. (dollar diplomacy) Woodrow Wilsonbelieved n using
more aggressive military force when needed to keep foreign
economies stable as well as dollar diplomacy. Invested over a
billion dollars in Mexicos oil, land, mines, and railroad. Used
military force to control the Presidential elections in Mexico( he
favored Carranza vs. Huerta). Used military force against Mexican
rebel Pancho Villa. Both dollar diplomacy and aggressive military
force led many Latin Americans to become anti-imperialists and
anti-American.
Slide 21
Slide 22
Section Four: Debating Americas New Role 1. What were some
arguments against imperialism/expansion/intervention?
Anti-imperialists were people (mostly educated politicians,
activists, and writers) against imperialism. The arguments American
anti-imperialists had were: ---imperialism goes against idea of
liberty for all ---foreign people controlled by the US should have
Constitutional rights and citizenship ---spending too much time and
money with military overseas when military is needed in the US to
control problems. ---racism was really the root of imperialism
---would lead to too much immigration of foreign people from US
foreign territories or competition with immigrants for jobs.
Slide 23
Even with these anti-imperialist arguments, the US continued
its policy of imperialism. Many Americans liked the fact that the
frontier was not closed. the US even sent its Great White Fleet of
ships around the world for everyone to see.
Slide 24
ACTIVITY 2! Analyze political cartoons with a group
