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The Holocaust
Chapter 11, Section 3
The Holocaust
1933: Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany.
Concentration camps: prisons for people that either opposed
Hitler and the new regime, or were deemed “racially inferior.”
Arrival of political prisoners at the Oranienburg concentration camp. Oranienburg, Germany, 1933
This included Jews,
Gypsies, disabled
people, Communists,
homosexuals, and
Jehovah’s Witnesses.
The Holocaust
1935: Nuremberg Laws are passed.
The Holocaust
1938: Deportation of Jews out of Germany begins; - ghettos are set up in German cities.
November 9, 1938 – Kristallnacht
The Holocaust
Jewish ghetto, 1942
The Holocaust
1939: Germany invades Poland, starting WW2.
The Holocaust
What is the age (in 1933) of the person you have been
assigned?
Where were they living in 1933?
What was happening to them during this period?
Did the place they were living make a difference in their
lives?
How old was their person in 1939?
The Holocaust
PREDICT:
What do you think will happen to your
individual once the war begins?
What makes you think so?
Give reasons for your answer.
The Holocaust
1940-1941: Germany overtakes many countries using
blitzkrieg tactics; Axis powers control most of Europe.
The Holocaust
1941, July: Einsatzgruppen begin mass killings of political
opponents and “racially inferior” people across Europe.
The Holocaust
The Holocaust
SS: Led by Heinrich Himmler, this paramilitary group
performed most of the mass killings.
The Holocaust
1942, January: Nazi officials decide on the “Final Solution;”
Ghetto deportations begin
The Holocaust
The Holocaust
1942: Killing centers, such as Auschwitz, were built to
systematically kill large numbers of people.
People were killed in gas chambers, then burnt in crematories.
Entrance to Auschwitz
The Holocaust
1945: Liberation of the death camps by Allied armies.
The Holocaust
What is the age of your person in 1939?
Where were they living in 1940?
What was happening to them during this period?
How had their lives changed since 1933?
The Holocaust
EXIT CARD:
Write down one question that you have about your
individual.
OR
Write down one thing that you learned today that you
are surprised about.
Do Now:
1) Take out your Holocaust biography and your shutter brochure.
2) With your partner next to you, discuss the reason your Holocaust
individuals were targeted and the responses they had to this.
3) Look for similarities and differences. Were they targeted for the
same reason? Did they respond differently?
Holocaust Continued…
1945: Killing centers were liberated by Soviet and US
soldiers. They had been abandoned, but some prisoners
remained. The Germans had tried to destroy much of the
facilities such as the crematoriums, but the soldiers found
much evidence of mass murder.
The Holocaust
Scholars and researchers estimate that nearly 6 million
Jewish people were killed - close to 75% of all Jews living
in Europe.
Estimates of the total number of people killed by the
Nazis are between 11,000,000 and 17,000,000.
The Holocaust
Nuremberg Trials: Conducted after the war by Allied
countries; 23 Nazi party officials were put on trial for
crimes against humanity.
The Holocaust
K – What do you already KNOW about WW2/Holocaust?
W – What would you like to know?
L – What have you LEARNED.
One to two paragraphs for what you learned.
One to two paragraphs explaining your feelings about the
Holocaust.