Chapter 12 Stress in the Workplace and Stress Management © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Chapter 12

Stress in the Workplace and Stress Management

© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC

Learning OutcomesAfter completing this chapter, the student should

understand:

1. The definition of stress.2. The process model of stress and coping.3. How stress can negatively affect individuals

and organizations.4. The various forms of stress.5. The three stages of the General Adaptation

Syndrome.


Learning Outcomes (cont.)

6. How personalities, race, and gender affect an individual’s level of stress.

7. The definition and phases of burnout.8. The four categories of stress in the workplace.9. The various coping strategies available to

organizations and individuals. 10.The concept of learned optimism and hardiness

training.11.The definition of stress management and the

various programs used by organizations.


What is Stress?

Cognitive-transactional theory defines stress as “a particular relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well being” (Schwarzer, 2004).


Individual Distress Consequences

»Behavioral»Psychological»Physiological


Work Related Stress

According to the American Institute of Stress (2004), job stress costs U.S. industry approximately $300 billion annually in terms of accidents, absenteeism, employee turnover, loss of productivity, direct medical, legal, and insurance costs, workers' compensation awards, as well as tort and Federal Employers' Liability Act (FELA) judgments.


Distress - Eustress


Stressors

• Positive or negative• External or internal• Sort-term (acute) or long-term (chronic)


Individuals and Stress

• Personalities• Minorities• Gender


Burnout

Three dimensions associated with burnout:1. Emotional exhaustion2. Depersonalization3. Diminished personal accomplishment


Causes of Workplace Stress

• Individual task demands• Individual role demands• Group demands• Organizational demands


Stages of Preventive Stress Management


Individual Coping Strategies

• Relaxation• Learned Optimism• Hardiness Training• Stress Management Programs


Documents

Chapter 12 Stress in the Workplace and Stress Management © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC