Chapter 17: TherapyChapter 17: Therapy

What’s on your

mind?

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What Works?

Biomedical

Who will you call?

400

1. Dr. Schulte tells his patient, “just say 1. Dr. Schulte tells his patient, “just say the first thing that pops into your head.” the first thing that pops into your head.” He is using the technique of:He is using the technique of:

• A) free association.

• B) psychoanalysis.

• C) dream analysis.

• D) transference.

2. “I will use whatever techniques are the most 2. “I will use whatever techniques are the most effective to help a particular patient,” is a effective to help a particular patient,” is a statement likely to be made by someone using statement likely to be made by someone using

a(n) _____ approach.a(n) _____ approach.

• A) behavioral

• B) psychodynamic

• C) eclectic

• D) interpersonal

3. In contrast to other psychodynamic 3. In contrast to other psychodynamic therapies, interpersonal therapy focuses therapies, interpersonal therapy focuses on:on:

• A) underlying conflicts.

• B) transference issues.

• C) current relationships.

• D) unconscious motives.

4. Rogers encouraged therapists to 4. Rogers encouraged therapists to exhibit all of the following exhibit all of the following except:except:

• A) analytical insight.

• B) genuineness.

• C) acceptance.

• D) empathy.

5.5. Above all, Rogers believed it was Above all, Rogers believed it was the duty of therapists to provide a the duty of therapists to provide a non-judgmental, grace-filled non-judgmental, grace-filled environment called:environment called:

• A) self-actualization.

• B) unconditional positive regard.

• C) active listening.

• D) therapeutic ambiance.

6. The behavioral technique called ____ 6. The behavioral technique called ____ involves relaxation training and involves relaxation training and constructing an anxiety hierarchy.constructing an anxiety hierarchy.

• A) progressive relaxation

• B) behavior modification

• C) systematic desensitization

• D) anxiety release

7. When facing an anxiety arousing situation 7. When facing an anxiety arousing situation that would at first be too difficult or expensive that would at first be too difficult or expensive to recreate, technology paired with behavioral to recreate, technology paired with behavioral techniques may be used in:techniques may be used in:

• A) in vivo desensitization.

• B) aversive conditioning.

• C) biofeedback therapy.

• D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

8. Which of the following is an example 8. Which of the following is an example of aversive conditioning?of aversive conditioning?

• A) using a bell-and-pad to wake up a child who bed wets.

• B) using Antabuse to induce nausea in an alcoholic.

• C) using virtual reality to help someone with a phobia.

• D) using shock therapy for depression.

9. David Meichenbaum developed an 9. David Meichenbaum developed an approach in which he would teach people to approach in which he would teach people to restructure their thinking when faced with restructure their thinking when faced with stressful situations. He called this:stressful situations. He called this:

• A) stress inoculation training.

• B) cognitive-behavioral therapy.

• C) cognitive therapy.

• D) cognitive resolution.

10. Family therapy is based on the 10. Family therapy is based on the assumption that:assumption that:

• A) parents are always the cause of a child’s problem.

• B) the family must be treated as a system.

• C) families are easier to change than individuals.

• D) you can fix the patient if you enlist the help of the entire family.

11. Because people tend to be in a very 11. Because people tend to be in a very low place in their life when entering low place in their life when entering therapy, they may attribute their later, therapy, they may attribute their later, better state the result of their therapy. better state the result of their therapy.

This is because of:This is because of: • A) the placebo effect.

• B) a belief the therapy was worth the effort.

• C) regression toward the mean.

• D) clients speak kindly of their therapist.

12. A procedure for combining the 12. A procedure for combining the results of many different research results of many different research studies is called:studies is called:

• A) multifactorial regression.

• B) meta-analysis.

• C) correlation coefficient comparison.

• D) regressive analysis.

13. When meta-analysis is used to 13. When meta-analysis is used to summarize studies that compare people summarize studies that compare people who receive psychotherapy to no-who receive psychotherapy to no-treatment controls, researchers conclude:treatment controls, researchers conclude:

• A) psychotherapy is significantly more effective than no therapy.

• B) psychotherapy is only slightly effective.

• C) psychotherapy is less effective than drug therapy.

• D) the effectiveness of psychotherapy depends on the skill of the therapist.

14. The Society of Clinical Psychology 14. The Society of Clinical Psychology task force found that the recommended task force found that the recommended treatments for depression were:treatments for depression were:

• A) cognitive-behavior therapy and psychoanalysis.

• B) behavior therapy and humanistic therapy.

• C) exposure therapy, desensitization and reality therapy.

• D) cognitive therapy, behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy.

15. The recommended and most effective 15. The recommended and most effective treatment for SAD is:treatment for SAD is:

• A) exposure to evening bright light.

• B) exposure to morning bright light.

• C) exposure to electric shock.

• D) none of these are any better than a placebo.

16. Due to the effectiveness of antipsychotic 16. Due to the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs, many mentally ill were drugs, many mentally ill were deinstitutionalized. The result was that many deinstitutionalized. The result was that many of the severely disturbed who could not care of the severely disturbed who could not care for themselves:for themselves:

• A) were left homeless.

• B) were much better off.

• C) could go back to work.

• D) were successfully reintegrated into society.

17. The long-term use of antipsychotic 17. The long-term use of antipsychotic drugs (such as Thorazine) can result in drugs (such as Thorazine) can result in a potentially irreversible disorder called:a potentially irreversible disorder called:

• A) psychotic rebound.

• B) the “revolving door” pattern.

• C) dopamine overload.

• D) tardive dyskinesia.

18. One of the dangers of taking 18. One of the dangers of taking antianxiety drugs is that, when heavy antianxiety drugs is that, when heavy users stop taking them:users stop taking them:

• A) they experience physiological withdrawal.

• B) they can experience insomnia.

• C) they can experience increased anxiety.

• D) all of the above.

19. The treatment of choice for 19. The treatment of choice for depression is to attack from above and depression is to attack from above and below, using:below, using:

• A) a dual-acting antidepressant.

• B) SSRI’s and anti-anxiety medication.

• C) cognitive behavior therapy and anti-depressants.

• D) exercise and a dual-acting antidepressant.

20. The medication most commonly 20. The medication most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder is _____ used to treat bipolar disorder is _____ which is a type of _____.which is a type of _____.

• A) Thorazine; dopamine inhibitor

• B) Prozac; SSRI

• C) Lithium; salt

• D) Depakote; neuroleptic

21. ECT continues to be helpful with 21. ECT continues to be helpful with severely depressed and suicidal patients severely depressed and suicidal patients by: by:

• A) flooding the brain with serotonin.

• B) inducing convulsions.

• C) erasing memory of unpleasant events.

• D) punishing patients who have negative thoughts.

22. Dr. Moniz invented an inexpensive 22. Dr. Moniz invented an inexpensive way to deliver a lobotomy, which way to deliver a lobotomy, which entailed:entailed:

• A) careful surgery separating the frontal lobe from the rest of the brain.

• B) inserting an ice pick through each eye socket into the brain and wiggling it.

• C) removing part of the frontal lobe.

• D) using electricity to burn parts of the frontal cortex.

23. James reports he often feels “the 23. James reports he often feels “the blues,” but does not have a serious blues,” but does not have a serious depression. You recommend that James:depression. You recommend that James:

• A) admit himself into a hospital.

• B) see a psychiatrist.

• C) get more physical exercise.

• D) begin taking an SSRI, such as Prozac.

24: Skeptics of EMDR therapy explain 24: Skeptics of EMDR therapy explain positive results as the combination of a positive results as the combination of a reassuring atmosphere with:reassuring atmosphere with:

• A) a caring therapist.

• B) meditation.

• C) relaxation training.

• D) exposure therapy.

25. When studying the effectiveness of 25. When studying the effectiveness of AA in treating alcoholism:AA in treating alcoholism:

• A) AA was found to be the most effective treatment.

• B) AA was as effective as cognitive-behavior therapy.

• C) AA was less effective than prescriptive medication.

• D) AA was not effective in the long-run.

Stop here, or continue as a review

1. Dr. Schulte tells his patient, “just say 1. Dr. Schulte tells his patient, “just say the first thing that pops into your head.” the first thing that pops into your head.” He is using the technique of:He is using the technique of:

• A) free association.

• B) psychoanalysis.

• C) dream analysis.

• D) transference.

687

2. “I will use whatever techniques are the most 2. “I will use whatever techniques are the most effective to help a particular patient,” is a effective to help a particular patient,” is a statement likely to be made by someone using statement likely to be made by someone using

a(n) _____ approach.a(n) _____ approach.

• A) behavioral

• B) psychodynamic

• C) eclectic

• D) interpersonal

686

3. In contrast to other psychodynamic 3. In contrast to other psychodynamic therapies, interpersonal therapy focuses therapies, interpersonal therapy focuses on:on:

• A) underlying conflicts.

• B) transference issues.

• C) current relationships.

• D) unconscious motives.

688

4. Rogers encouraged therapists to 4. Rogers encouraged therapists to exhibit all of the following exhibit all of the following except:except:

• A) analytical insight.

• B) genuineness.

• C) acceptance.

• D) empathy.

689

5.5. Above all, Rogers believed it was Above all, Rogers believed it was the duty of therapists to provide a the duty of therapists to provide a non-judgmental, grace-filled non-judgmental, grace-filled environment called:environment called:

• A) self-actualization.

• B) unconditional positive regard.

• C) active listening.

• D) therapeutic ambiance.

689

6. The behavioral technique called ____ 6. The behavioral technique called ____ involves relaxation training and involves relaxation training and constructing an anxiety hierarchy.constructing an anxiety hierarchy.

• A) progressive relaxation

• B) behavior modification

• C) systematic desensitization

• D) anxiety release

692

7. When facing an anxiety arousing situation 7. When facing an anxiety arousing situation that would at first be too difficult or expensive that would at first be too difficult or expensive to recreate, technology paired with behavioral to recreate, technology paired with behavioral techniques may be used in:techniques may be used in:

• A) in vivo desensitization.

• B) aversive conditioning.

• C) biofeedback therapy.

• D) virtual reality exposure therapy.

692

8. Which of the following is an example 8. Which of the following is an example of aversive conditioning?of aversive conditioning?

• A) using a bell-and-pad to wake up a child who bed wets.

• B) using Antabuse to induce nausea in an alcoholic.

• C) using virtual reality to help someone with a phobia.

• D) using shock therapy for depression.

692

9. David Meichenbaum developed an 9. David Meichenbaum developed an approach in which he would teach people to approach in which he would teach people to restructure their thinking when faced with restructure their thinking when faced with stressful situations. He called this:stressful situations. He called this:

• A) stress inoculation training.

• B) cognitive-behavioral therapy.

• C) cognitive therapy.

• D) cognitive resolution.

696

10. Family therapy is based on the 10. Family therapy is based on the assumption that:assumption that:

• A) parents are always the cause of a child’s problem.

• B) the family must be treated as a system.

• C) families are easier to change than individuals.

• D) you can fix the patient if you enlist the help of the entire family.

697

11. Because people tend to be in a very 11. Because people tend to be in a very low place in their life when entering low place in their life when entering therapy, they may attribute their later, therapy, they may attribute their later, better state the result of their therapy. better state the result of their therapy.

This is because of:This is because of: • A) the placebo effect.

• B) a belief the therapy was worth the effort.

• C) regression toward the mean.

• D) clients speak kindly of their therapist.

702

12. A procedure for combining the 12. A procedure for combining the results of many different research results of many different research studies is called:studies is called:

• A) multifactorial regression.

• B) meta-analysis.

• C) correlation coefficient comparison.

• D) regressive analysis.

703

13. When meta-analysis is used to 13. When meta-analysis is used to summarize studies that compare people summarize studies that compare people who receive psychotherapy to no-who receive psychotherapy to no-treatment controls, researchers conclude:treatment controls, researchers conclude:

• A) psychotherapy is significantly more effective than no therapy.

• B) psychotherapy is only slightly effective.

• C) psychotherapy is less effective than drug therapy.

• D) the effectiveness of psychotherapy depends on the skill of the therapist.

708

14. The Society of Clinical Psychology 14. The Society of Clinical Psychology task force found that the recommended task force found that the recommended treatments for depression were:treatments for depression were:

• A) cognitive-behavior therapy and psychoanalysis.

• B) behavior therapy and humanistic therapy.

• C) exposure therapy, desensitization and reality therapy.

• D) cognitive therapy, behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy.

708

15. The recommended and most effective 15. The recommended and most effective treatment for SAD is:treatment for SAD is:

• A) exposure to evening bright light.

• B) exposure to morning bright light.

• C) exposure to electric shock.

• D) none of these are any better than a placebo.

706

16. Due to the effectiveness of antipsychotic 16. Due to the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs, many mentally ill were drugs, many mentally ill were deinstitutionalized. The result was that many deinstitutionalized. The result was that many of the severely disturbed who could not care of the severely disturbed who could not care for themselves:for themselves:

• A) were left homeless.

• B) were much better off.

• C) could go back to work.

• D) were successfully reintegrated into society.

711

17. The long-term use of antipsychotic 17. The long-term use of antipsychotic drugs (such as Thorazine) can result in drugs (such as Thorazine) can result in a potentially irreversible disorder called:a potentially irreversible disorder called:

• A) psychotic rebound.

• B) the “revolving door” pattern.

• C) dopamine overload.

• D) tardive dyskinesia.

712

18. One of the dangers of taking 18. One of the dangers of taking antianxiety drugs is that, when heavy antianxiety drugs is that, when heavy users stop taking them:users stop taking them:

• A) they experience physiological withdrawal.

• B) they can experience insomnia.

• C) they can experience increased anxiety.

• D) all of the above.712

19. The treatment of choice for 19. The treatment of choice for depression is to attack from above and depression is to attack from above and below, using:below, using:

• A) a dual-acting antidepressant.

• B) SSRI’s and anti-anxiety medication.

• C) cognitive behavior therapy and anti-depressants.

• D) exercise and a dual-acting antidepressant.

714

20. The medication most commonly 20. The medication most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder is _____ used to treat bipolar disorder is _____ which is a type of _____.which is a type of _____.

• A) Thorazine; dopamine inhibitor

• B) Prozac; SSRI

• C) Lithium; salt

• D) Depakote; neuroleptic

715

21. ECT continues to be helpful with 21. ECT continues to be helpful with severely depressed and suicidal patients severely depressed and suicidal patients by: by:

• A) flooding the brain with serotonin.

• B) inducing convulsions.

• C) erasing memory of unpleasant events.

• D) punishing patients who have negative thoughts.

715

22. Dr. Moniz invented an inexpensive 22. Dr. Moniz invented an inexpensive way to deliver a lobotomy, which way to deliver a lobotomy, which entailed:entailed:

• A) careful surgery separating the frontal lobe from the rest of the brain.

• B) inserting an ice pick through each eye socket into the brain and wiggling it.

• C) removing part of the frontal lobe.

• D) using electricity to burn parts of the frontal cortex.

717

23. James reports he often feels “the 23. James reports he often feels “the blues,” but does not have a serious blues,” but does not have a serious depression. You recommend that James:depression. You recommend that James:

• A) admit himself into a hospital.

• B) see a psychiatrist.

• C) get more physical exercise.

• D) begin taking an SSRI, such as Prozac.

713

24: Skeptics of EMDR therapy explain 24: Skeptics of EMDR therapy explain positive results as the combination of a positive results as the combination of a reassuring atmosphere with:reassuring atmosphere with:

• A) a caring therapist.

• B) meditation.

• C) relaxation training.

• D) exposure therapy.

706

25. When studying the effectiveness of 25. When studying the effectiveness of AA in treating alcoholism:AA in treating alcoholism:

• A) AA was found to be the most effective treatment.

• B) AA was as effective as cognitive-behavior therapy.

• C) AA was less effective than prescriptive medication.

• D) AA was not effective in the long-run.

698

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

• Step Up Created by:– John J. Schulte, Psy.D.

• Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition

• By David G. Myers• Published by• Worth Publishers

(2007)

AnswersAnswers

1. A

2. C

3. C

4. A

5. B

6. C

7. D

8. B

9. A

10. B

11. C

12. B

13. A

14. D

15. B

16. A

17. D

18. D

19. C

20. C

21. B

22. B

23. C

24. D

25. B