Chapter 19 Study Notes: The Ocean

Basins

1• A ________ ______ is part of the

continental margin. – continental – shelf

2• A large body of saline water that

may be __________ by land is a _____. – surrounded – sea.

3• A _______ is made up of minerals.

– nodule.

4• A piece of sediment collected by

drilling is a ____ ______. – core – sample.

5• Continental _________ are made up

of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. – margins

6• __________ plate boundaries cause

deep ocean _______. – Convergent – trenches.

7• _________ _____, ______, and

____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean.– Drilling ships,– sonar,– bathyscaphs

8• Earth’s oceans cover about ______

th’s of Earth’s _______. – ¾ th’s – surface.

9• _________ from turbidity currents

creates ________ canyons and the continental rise.– Erosion – submarine

10• Most _____-______ ridges form

_______ sea level.– mid-– ocean – below

11• Ocean sediments are _______ on

the _______ plains.– thinnest – abyssal

12• Of all the water on Earth, ____ is

found in the _______. – 97% – oceans.

13• Scientists use ______ to calculate

the ______ of the ocean floor. – sonar – depth

14• ________ are most likely to form in

_____ _______.– Seamounts – hot – spots.

15• _________ from rivers spread over

the deep-ocean basins by means of ________ _________. – Sediments – turbidity – currents.

16• ________________ stands for “SOund

______________________ And Ranging”.– SONAR – Navigation

17• _______ uses sound waves to

measure the sea floor.– Sonar

18• The continental ____ has a ______

slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it.– shelf – gentle

19• The _____ and largest ocean on

Earth is the _______. – deepest – Pacific.

20• The _______ place in Earth’s crust

is a _________.– deepest – trench.

21• The first step in a ______

transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. – sonar – sound.

22• The _______ regions on Earth are

__________ plains. – flattest – abyssal

23• The _________ ________ is best

known for its depth.– Mariana – Trench

24• The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland

are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. – mid-– ocean – above

25• To see the bottom of the ocean

for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a _____________________. – bathysphere.

• In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages 476-477 so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following:

continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, trench, mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plain