Chapter 24 Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

The Protein Structure

The (S) Configuration of Amino Acids

Standard Amino Acids

Standard Amino Acids

Zwitterion Formation

Titration Curve for Glycine

Electrophoresis Separation

The Gabriel-Malonic Ester Synthesis

The Strecker Synthesis of Alanine

Mechanism of the Strecker Synthesis

Acylase Enzyme

Reaction of an Amino Acid with Ninhydrin

Resonance Stabilization

Human Hormone Bradykinin

Disulfide Bridges

Human Oxytoxin

Bovine Insulin

Oxidation of Cystine to Cysteic Acid

Determination of Amino Acid Composition

Composition of Human Bradykinin

Bovine Oxytoxin Sequencing

The Sanger Method

C-Terminal Residue Analysis

Attachment of the C-terminal Amino Acid

Cleavage of the Finished Peptide

DCC Coupling

Activated Acyl Derivative

Coupling

The a-Helical Arrangement

Pleated Sheet Arrangement

Tertiary Structure of Globular Proteins

Structures of a Protein

Chapter 25 Lipids

Simple and Complex Lipids

Structures and Melting Points of Some Common Fatty Acids

Cis Double Bonds

Triglycerides

Electrostatic Potential Map of Soap

Emulsification of Grease

Synthetic Detergents

Phosphoglycerides

Cis-Trans Decalins

Cis and Trans Steroids

Cortisol

Biosynthesis of Prostaglandins

Chapter 26 Synthetic Polymers

Mechanism of Free Radical Polymerization

Chain Branching

Mechanism of Cationic Polymerization

Mechanism of Cationic Polymerization

Good and Poor Monomers for Cationic Polymerization

Anionic Polymerization

Mechanism of Anionic Polymerization

Stereochemistry of Polymers

Synthetic Rubber

Copolymers of Two or More Monomers

Synthesis of Nylon 6,6

Nylon 6

Polyesters

Polycarbonates

Polyurethanes

Crystallinity

Thermal Properties of Polymers