CHAPTER 24CHAPTER 24

THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY

THE NEW FRONTIER AND THE GREAT SOCIETY

CH. 24 - SECT.1CH. 24 - SECT.1

ELECTION OF 1960 JOHN F. KENNEDY (DEM.) VS. RICHARD NIXON

(REP.) TV DEBATE - FIRST EVER ISSUES - ECONOMY AND COLD WAR VERY CLOSE

ELECTION BUT JFK WON WHY WOULD A TV DEBATE FAVOR JFK OVER NIXON? OLD VS. YOUNG POOR QUAKER FAMILY VS. WEALTHY AFFLUENT

FAMILY ATTRACTIVE VS. UNATTRACTIVE

ELECTION OF 1960 JOHN F. KENNEDY (DEM.) VS. RICHARD NIXON

(REP.) TV DEBATE - FIRST EVER ISSUES - ECONOMY AND COLD WAR VERY CLOSE

ELECTION BUT JFK WON WHY WOULD A TV DEBATE FAVOR JFK OVER NIXON? OLD VS. YOUNG POOR QUAKER FAMILY VS. WEALTHY AFFLUENT

FAMILY ATTRACTIVE VS. UNATTRACTIVE

KENNEDYKENNEDY

During his campaign JFK exposed the public to the “missile gap” - the fact we lagged behind the USSR in technology

Inauguration Day - “Ask not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country”

Domestic front “New Frontier” - objective was to aid education, health insurance for the elderly, Department of Urban Affairs, help migrant workers.

Difficult to pass - big Gov., too costly

During his campaign JFK exposed the public to the “missile gap” - the fact we lagged behind the USSR in technology

Inauguration Day - “Ask not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country”

Domestic front “New Frontier” - objective was to aid education, health insurance for the elderly, Department of Urban Affairs, help migrant workers.

Difficult to pass - big Gov., too costly

KENNEDYKENNEDY

Things he did get passed:1. Allowed to deficit spend - spend money on credit

2. Spending for defense and space3. Tax cut, min. wage to $1.25. 4. Advanced rights for womenEsther Peterson - assistant sec. of labor

Created Presidential Commission on the Status of Women - called for federal action for equal pay

Things he did get passed:1. Allowed to deficit spend - spend money on credit

2. Spending for defense and space3. Tax cut, min. wage to $1.25. 4. Advanced rights for womenEsther Peterson - assistant sec. of labor

Created Presidential Commission on the Status of Women - called for federal action for equal pay

Warren CourtWarren CourtMiranda vs. Arizona

Miranda vs. Arizona

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Supreme CourtSupreme Court

Earl Warren - chief justice Activist - one man, one voteReapportionment - changed the way political districts are divided, power shifted to urban areas (cities) - Reynolds v. Sims “one man, one vote”

Earl Warren - chief justice Activist - one man, one voteReapportionment - changed the way political districts are divided, power shifted to urban areas (cities) - Reynolds v. Sims “one man, one vote”

Supreme CourtSupreme Court

Began to apply 14th Amendment to states “No state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law”

Gideon v. Wainwright - right to a lawyer

Miranda v. Arizona - must read suspects their rights (Miranda warnings)

Several cases reaffirmed separation of church and state - limited prayer in school

Began to apply 14th Amendment to states “No state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law”

Gideon v. Wainwright - right to a lawyer

Miranda v. Arizona - must read suspects their rights (Miranda warnings)

Several cases reaffirmed separation of church and state - limited prayer in school

Ch. 23 - sect. 2JFK and the Cold War

Ch. 23 - sect. 2JFK and the Cold War

Kennedy believed Eisenhower relied to heavily on nuclear weapons - massive retaliation

“Flexible Response” - JFK’s belief that the U.S. had to help countries in other ways

-build up conventional weapons and troops

- created special forces “Green Beret”

Kennedy believed Eisenhower relied to heavily on nuclear weapons - massive retaliation

“Flexible Response” - JFK’s belief that the U.S. had to help countries in other ways

-build up conventional weapons and troops

- created special forces “Green Beret”

Aid to other countriesAid to other countries

JFK believed that poor conditions in Latin American countries spurred corruption and overthrows

Alliance for Progress - cooperative aid projects in Latin America ($20 billion)

Peace Corp- organization that sent young Americans to perform humanitarian projects

JFK believed that poor conditions in Latin American countries spurred corruption and overthrows

Alliance for Progress - cooperative aid projects in Latin America ($20 billion)

Peace Corp- organization that sent young Americans to perform humanitarian projects

Space RaceSpace Race

U.S. and USSR competing for dominance in space

Neil Armstrong -1st person to step on moon

Alan Sheppard - 1st American launched into space

John Glenn - 1st American to orbit the earth

U.S. and USSR competing for dominance in space

Neil Armstrong -1st person to step on moon

Alan Sheppard - 1st American launched into space

John Glenn - 1st American to orbit the earth

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Crisis of the Cold WarCrisis of the Cold War

Bay of Pigs Invasion - CubaFidel Castro overthrew Batista in Cuba (1959) and Cuba became allies with the USSR.

Eisenhower told CIA to begin training Cuban exiles - La Brigada

Kennedy approved the planApril 17, 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion begins and ends in disaster

Bay of Pigs Invasion - CubaFidel Castro overthrew Batista in Cuba (1959) and Cuba became allies with the USSR.

Eisenhower told CIA to begin training Cuban exiles - La Brigada

Kennedy approved the planApril 17, 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion begins and ends in disaster

Bay of PigsBay of Pigs

Why was it such a disaster?1. Castro had been warned they were coming

2. Boats had a lot of trouble in the bay

3. The people of Cuba never rose up and turned against Castro

4. U.S. command post cancels air support and leaves the exiles to be killed or captured

Why was it such a disaster?1. Castro had been warned they were coming

2. Boats had a lot of trouble in the bay

3. The people of Cuba never rose up and turned against Castro

4. U.S. command post cancels air support and leaves the exiles to be killed or captured

Bay of Pigs InvasionBay of Pigs Invasion

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Berlin Wall Goes UpBerlin Wall Goes Up

Germans were leaving East Germany and moving to West Germany

1961 Nikita Khruschev built the Berlin Wall to stop this, stayed up until 1989

Wall was 12 ft. high / 4 feet wide and 96 miles long

231 people were killed trying to escape

Germans were leaving East Germany and moving to West Germany

1961 Nikita Khruschev built the Berlin Wall to stop this, stayed up until 1989

Wall was 12 ft. high / 4 feet wide and 96 miles long

231 people were killed trying to escape

Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis

CIA brings JFK pictures of missile launching pads being constructed in Cuba by the Soviet Union

Robert Kennedy - JFK’s brother and Attorney General

Robert proposed a Naval Blockade around CubaOct. 22 , 1962 blockade begins - The President informs the country

Khruschev agrees to remove the bases if : U.S. removes their bases in Turkey U.S. agreed to leave Cuba alone

CIA brings JFK pictures of missile launching pads being constructed in Cuba by the Soviet Union

Robert Kennedy - JFK’s brother and Attorney General

Robert proposed a Naval Blockade around CubaOct. 22 , 1962 blockade begins - The President informs the country

Khruschev agrees to remove the bases if : U.S. removes their bases in Turkey U.S. agreed to leave Cuba alone

Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis

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Kennedy AssassinationKennedy Assassination

November 22, 1963 - Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas

Accused - Lee Harvey OswaldShot from the book depository (3 shots fired)

Jack Ruby - Dallas nightclub owner shot Oswald while he was being transferred

November 22, 1963 - Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas

Accused - Lee Harvey OswaldShot from the book depository (3 shots fired)

Jack Ruby - Dallas nightclub owner shot Oswald while he was being transferred

Conspiracy TheoryConspiracy Theory

Did Lee Harvey Oswald actually act alone?

Warren Commission - group set up by government to investigate the shooting

Earl Warren - Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in charge of the investigation

-found that Oswald acted aloneLyndon B. Johnson (JFK’s VP) - became President in 1963

Did Lee Harvey Oswald actually act alone?

Warren Commission - group set up by government to investigate the shooting

Earl Warren - Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in charge of the investigation

-found that Oswald acted aloneLyndon B. Johnson (JFK’s VP) - became President in 1963

Ch. 23 - sect. 3Ch. 23 - sect. 3

Lyndon Johnson is the only President ever sworn in on Air Force One

Brought 26 years of political experience to the Presidency

He was able to get things done - help bring consensus to Gov. - general agreement

Anti- poverty campaign - passed the Economic Opportunity Act - help fight poverty and create jobs

Lyndon Johnson is the only President ever sworn in on Air Force One

Brought 26 years of political experience to the Presidency

He was able to get things done - help bring consensus to Gov. - general agreement

Anti- poverty campaign - passed the Economic Opportunity Act - help fight poverty and create jobs

Sect. 3 continuedSect. 3 continued

1964 Election LBJ (Dem) vs. Barry Goldwater (Rep)LBJ won in a landslideGREAT SOCIETY - LBJ’s vision that the U.S. should work for a better society

Major Great Society Programs:Civil rights act, Medicare, Medicaid, head start, housing, clean air

Robert Weaver - 1st African American to serve in a cabinet position - Sec. of Labor

1964 Election LBJ (Dem) vs. Barry Goldwater (Rep)LBJ won in a landslideGREAT SOCIETY - LBJ’s vision that the U.S. should work for a better society

Major Great Society Programs:Civil rights act, Medicare, Medicaid, head start, housing, clean air

Robert Weaver - 1st African American to serve in a cabinet position - Sec. of Labor

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