Chapter 25 - War and Revolution (1914-1919) Name:____________________________________

I. The Road to War

What factors helped pave the road to war?

a. Growing International Conflict

What were Bismarck's two concerns while trying to preserve peace? What was Bismarck's solution?

What was the impact of William II's refusal to renew the Russian-German Reinsurance Treaty?

What led to rivalry between Britain and Germany

What was significant about the Anglo-French Entente of 1904?

Explain the impact of the First Morrocan Crisis of 1905 and the Anglo-Russian Agreement of 1905.

b. The Mood of 1914

How did militarism and nationalism contribute to tensions in Europe around 1914?

MILITARISM NATIONALISM

c. The Outbreak of War

Why was war in the Balkans inevitable?

What event eventually triggered World War I? Why? Explain.

Discuss the ties that brought many countries into the war.

Why could Russia only order full mobilization?

Why did Germany employ the Schlieffen Plan? What was it? What was the result?

II. Waging Total War

Explain what is meant by the term "total war".

a. Stalemate and Slaughter on the Western Front

Discuss trench warfare and new weapons and their impact on war. (Look at "Living in the Past" p. 824)

How did the Battle of the Somme accurately reflect the results of trench warfare as a whole?

b. The Widening War

Describe the war on the eastern front. Why did Italy change sides in 1915? What was the Armenian genocide?

What role did the people of European colonies play?

What was unrestricted submarine warfare ? What impact did it have on the war?

III. The Home Front

a.. Mobilizing For Total War

What provisions did government make at home for the war effort?

What were the War Raw Materials Board and the Auxiliary Service Law?

What changes were made in who held power in government?

Germany Britain France

b. The Social Impact

Describe the impact of the war on:

Labor Unions Women

Social Equality Death

c. Growing Political Tensions

How did governments try to control public opinion to support the war early on?

What problems at home caused people to oppose the war, and how did each nation deal with it?

England France

Austria Germany

IV. The Russian Revolution

a. The Fall of Imperial Russia

Discuss the problems Russia faced in World War I.

What was the relationship between Nicholas II and the Duma like? How did Nicholas II respond?

What was a fatal turning point for Russia? Why?

What factors led to crisis in Russia?

b. The Provisional Government

What was the impact of the February Revolution? Who was Alexander Kerensky, what was the Provisional Government?

What was the Petrograd Soviet? What was Army Order No. 1 and its impact?

c. Lenin and the Bolshevik Revolution

Describe, in detail, Lenin's three concepts.

Who were the Bolsheviks? Why was their name misleading? Who was their opposition?

What did Lenin promise to gain support?

d. Trotsky and the Seizure of Power

For what three reasons did the Bolsheviks come to power?

e. Dictatorship and Civil War

What did Lenin dod for peasants and workers?

How was Bolshevik power threatened in November 1917?

What did Russia have to give up to remove itself from war?

What was the result of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Describe the opposing groups that fought a civil war.

How did Leon Trotsky help the Bolsheviks win the civil war?

What was war communism and what were the results?

What was the Cheka and what actions did it take?

How did foreign intervention help the Bolsheviks win the civil war?

V. The Peace Settlement

a. The End of the War

What led to the collapse of Germany between September-November of 1918?

b. Revolution in Austria-Hungary and Europe

What happened to the Austrian Hapsburg Empire in 1918?

What was the Weimar Republic? Why was this government a disappointment to Russia?

Why did the Nazis despise the new Weimar government?

c. The Treaty of Versailles

List the goals and demands of the "Big Three" at the Paris Peace Conference (1919)

Woodrow Wilson - United States of America David Lloyd George - ___________________________________

Georgs Clemenceau - ___________________________ What compromise did France, GB and the U.S. make?

How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany? (be thorough)

Why did the western alliance fail?

Why did the principle of national self determination fail?

d. The Peace Settlement in the Middle East

How did the British and French betray promises to the Ottoman Arabs?

What was the "Balfour Declaration"? What was the result of this declaration?

Who was Kemal Attaturk and what did he do for Turkey?

Document Based Question (DBQ)

DBQ 11: World War I and the Home Front (A24-A25)

Question: What effects did the Great War have on the European home fronts during the course of the fighting?

Summary Point of View

Document 1: Employment

of Women in artime British

Industry, 1914-1918.

Document 2: Blockade, 1932

Document 3: VI Lenin, "The

Call to Power", 1917

Document 4: Letter to the

prefect of the dept. of

Isere, 1917