Chapter 3 Computer Hardware Presented by TEAM PAPAYA (InfoTe R39) 20 February 2014 Reinier Dungca | Elvira Castro | Marjorie Co | Veronica Nicolas | Liv

Chapter 3

Computer Hardware

Presented by TEAM PAPAYA (InfoTe R39)

20 February 2014Reinier Dungca | Elvira Castro | Marjorie Co | Veronica Nicolas | Liv Flores | Lourdes Grace Mapalad

Let’s get started!BRIEF HISTORY OF COMPUTER HARDWARE

A. B. C. D.

E. F. G.

How well do you know the history of computer?Here’s a simple game to warm you up: Arrange the following images based on the evolution of the computer. Submit answers by completing this form (requires Internet connection). First to submit the correct answer gets this cuddly plush toy!

Reported by: Elvira Castro

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1Jl9DRgiBBcBKG-AlIqqDSnRA00QFmJv5jxPPu1yhuhw/viewform

Topics

Computer Systems: End User and Enterprise Computing

Computer Peripherals: Input, Output and Storage Technologies

Case Study Summary: Touch Screen Comes of Age

Touch Screen technology: Local Applications and Benefits

A Computer is a System

Input

Processing(CPU)

OutputStorage

Control

• Keyboards• Touch screens• Mice• Optical

scanners• Light pens• Voice input

• Control unit• Arithmetic-

logic unit (ALU)

• Primary storage unit

• Video display units

• Audio response units

• Printers

• Primary storage unit

• Secondary storage devices

• Interprets program instructions

• Transmits directions

Reported by: Mary Marjorie Co

Computer Systems

What is a Computer System?• Refers to the complete working computer. Includes

hardware, software and peripherals.

Types• Microcomputer• Midrange• Mainframe


Computer Systems:

Microcomputers

• AKA “personal computers”. Mostly used by consumers or end-users. However, due to recent technological developments, microcomputers are also capable of functioning as professional workstations for business professionals

• Types– Computer Terminals– Network Computers– Information Appliances


Types of Microcomputers

Quick Question: What type of microcomputers do these machines fall under?

A.B.

C.

Answers: A = computer terminal; B = network computer; C = information appliances


• Refers to high-end network servers and other types of servers that can handle large-scale processing of many business applications.

• Not as powerful as a mainframe computer but less expensive.

Computer Systems:

Midrange Computers


• Large, fast and powerful computer systems.

• Can process thousands of million of instructions per second (MIPS) and with large storage capacities.

• Usually used in analyzing seismic data for oil exploration, simulating flight conditions, designing aircrafts.

Computer Systems:

Mainframe Computers

Several manufacturers produced mainframe computers from the late 1950s through the 1970s. The group of manufacturers was first known as "IBM and the Seven Dwarfs“, namely Burroughs, UNIVAC, NCR, Control Data, Honeywell, General Electric and RCA.

Did you know?First ever Mainframe Computer


Topics





Computer Peripherals

• Generic name for all input, output, and secondary storage devices that are part of a computer system

• Depend on direct connections or telecommunications links to the CPU of a computer system

• All peripherals are online devices- separate from, but can be

electronically connected to and controlled by, a CPU


Input Technologies: Increasing Trend Toward a More Natural User Interface

From Keyboards • Mouse• Trackball• Pointing stick• Touchpad• Touch screen

Pointing Devices

• Digitizer pen• Graphics tablet

Pen-based computing

• Continuous speech recognition (CSR)

• Speaker-independent voice recognition system

Speech recognition

• Optical character recognition (OCR)

• Universal produce code (UPC) bar coding

Optical scanning

• Magnetic stripe technology

• Smart cards• Digital cameras• Magnetic ink

character recognition

Others Examples

???


Let’s play! Identify what type of input technology is used in each of the items below. First five to submit correct answers get surprise prizes! Click here to submit your answers.

A. Pointing device

B. Pen-based computing

C. Speech recognition

D. Optical scanning

E. Magnetic stripe technology

1 2 3

4 5

Input technologies

Voice-activated GPS

College entrance examSamsung Galaxy Note

Credit card Plane ticket


https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1sB2SmrgvxItWvpTH4AJCvmAPDEP-xfD-7iZKqGGCLOc/viewform

Output Technologies

• Most common type of computer output

• Most desktop computers rely on video monitors that use cathode ray tube (CRT) technology.

• The biggest use of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) is to provide a visual display capability for portable microcomputers and PDAs.

Video Output Printed Output

• Inkjet printers

• Laser printers


Computer Storage Fundamentals

Megabyte

(MB)Kilobyte (KB)

Gigabyte (GB) Terabyte (TB)

Petabyte(1 quadrillion bytes!)

Storage capacities

Bit vs. Byte


Don’t byte more than you can chew!

Storage Trade-offs

• Note the cost/speed/capacity trade-offs as one moves from semiconductor memories to magnetic media, such as magnetic disks and tapes, to optical disks.

• High-speed storage media: cost more per byte and provide lower capacities.

• Large capacity storage media: cost less per byte but are slower

• Semiconductor memories: used mainly for primary storage, though they are sometimes used as high-speed secondary storage devices.

• Magnetic disk and tape and optical disk devices: used as secondary storage devices to greatly enlarge the storage capacity of computer systems.

• Secondary storage devices: provide a more permanent type of storage media for storage of data and programs.


Semiconductor Memory

• Primary Storage = Microelectronic Semiconductor memory chips

• 256 MB or more can be added to increase computers memory

• PROS: Small in Size, great speed, shock and temperature resistance

• CONS: Volatility, unstable electric supply may damage chips and cause loss of data

Reported by: Veronica Nicolas

Types of Semiconductor Memory

1. Random Access Memory (RAM)• Also called read / write memory• Highly volatile

2. Read Only Memory (ROM)• Data in ROM can be read but not erased or

overwritten• Firmware – data permanently burned into

storage cells during manufacture• PROM – Programmable Read Only Memory• EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read Only

Memory


Magnetic Disks

• Secondary storage, metal disks that are coated on both sides with an iron oxide recording material

• Several disks mounted together on a vertical shaft , rotates the disk at speeds of 3600 to 7600 rpm. Data are recorded on tracks that uses binary codes

• Types of Magnetic Disksa. Floppy Disks b. Hard Disks


Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks (RAID)

• Disk arrays of interconnected microcomputer hard disks, 6-100 small hard disk drives combined into a single unit.

• Fault tolerant capacity, redundant design offers multiple copies of data on several disks.

• Storage Area Networks – high fiber channel local area network that connects one RAID to another.


Magnetic Tape

• Includes tape reels and cartridges in mainframes and midrange systems, small cassettes or cartridges for PC

• Applications:– 36 magnetic tape cartridges in robotic

automated drive that can directly access hundreds of cartridges

– Long term archive and back up


Optical Disks

• Optical disk storage involves technology, which is based on using a laser to read tiny spots on a plastic disk. The disks are currently capable of storing billions of characters of information.

• Types: CD-ROM, CD-R (Compact disk recordable), CD-RW (CD-rewritable), DVD (Digital Video Disk or Digital Versatile Disk), DVD-ROM, DVD–RAM

• Business Applications– Image Processing: long term storage of files

and images– Fast access to reference materials– Large storage capacity


Radio Frequency Identification

• A system for tagging and identifying mobile objects

• Allows objects to be labelled and tracked as they move

What is an RFID Chip?• A device that contains an antenna to receive

and transmit signalsTypes of RFID• Passive RFID – do not have its own power

source, derives power from signal sent by submitter

• Active RFID – self powered, can transmit signal on their own


RFID Privacy and Ethical Concerns

• Unawareness of the presence of an RFID chip makes it possible to gather sensitive data without the individual’s consent

• Payment for a tagged item using a credit card makes possible the deduction of identity of the purchaser

• Read Range – limited to the distance over which the tag can draw enough power from the source to power the tag.


Predictions for the Future:

Some of Ray Kurzweil’s Fearless Forecasts

Key Takeaways• Advancement in

technology will bring tremendous changes in the way we live today.

• Robotics and Artificial Intelligence will increase and be part of human life.

• Medical problems will be solved through technology.

• The summed computational powers of all computers is comparable to the total brainpower of the human race.

• People experience 3-D virtual reality through glasses and contact lenses that beam images directly to their retinas (retinal display).

• People communicate with their computers via two-way speech and gestures instead of with keyboards.

• Cables connecting computers and peripherals have almost completely disappeared.

• Rotating computer hard drives will no longer be used.


Topics





Case Study:

Apple, Microsoft, IBM and Others: The Touch Screen Comes of Age• Traditionally, Windows, Icons, Menus and Pointing

(WIMP) devices have dominated computing, with the keyboard, mouse and display screen as indispensable tools.

• The advent of touch screen technology has changed the landscape in computing for big players like Apple (iPod Touch, iPhone), Microsoft (Surface) and IBM (Everywhere Displays Project).

• More and more advancements of touch screen technology will be made available in the coming years.

• The use of the traditional peripheral devices will still have a trademark use and their functions should never be underestimated even with the widespread applications of touch screen technology.

Reported by: Reinier Dungca

Topics





The following slides should be viewed in a slideshow.

To simulate the “touch screen” technology when answering the interactive quiz, please

click the correct buttons for a chance to win a special prize from Team Papaya.

THIS HIP & TECHIE TAMBAYAN IN PAMPANGA UTILIZES I.T. AS A

KEY DIFFERENTIATOR .

HANGOUT E-TAMBAYPINOY

TAMBAYAN

Example 1

Dining with a Touch of Techie

Define The Hangout! Philippines:Is it a restaurant, café, bar, cybercafé,movie theater or casual tambayan?

Answer: All of the above!

***Source Hang Out Facebook Account

Reported by: Lourdes Mapalad

Aside from good food and service, every restaurant should have a concept that will attract people… This is what Hang Out Place did. The only fast food restaurant in Angeles City that uses technology to entertain guest.

Example 1



Hang Out Place uses IPAD as menu and a source of entertainment while waiting to be served. These tablets would even have games for all ages!

Example 1



The

Aside from the IPAD, they also use satellite TV or Roku for Movies, Sports and TV Programs!

Example 1



The uniqueness of the concept became even more attractive because the restaurant is situated in a province where people are less “techie”…… the place became a “destination” for everyone.

Example 1



A GOLFER’S GADGET THAT SPEAKS AND TELLS THE BALL’S DISTANCE

AND DIRECTION TO THE PIN.

GOLF BUDDY

SIMSIMI GOLF

GOLF TALK

Playing Golf in Philippines is convenient and hassle-free since each golfer has the luxury of having a caddy. (In US and Canada players caddy themselves; in Asia, one caddy for every 4 players, while in the Philippines the ratio is 1:1 -- one caddy per player) Aside from carrying your bag and choosing which club to use , the caddy will tell you the direction and distance of your ball to the pin. In turn, most Filipino players are dependent on their caddies.

Example 2

GPS Voice: Golfers’ New Bestfriend


GPS Voice is a small GPS range finder that speaks, the first ever gadget introduced specifically for Golfers. It voices the balls’ distance and direction to the pin.

GPS GOLF BUDDY

view actual golf GPS-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vk9Rp3DCVqI


Now, golfers don’t have to look for course outline nor wait for the caddies instruction, once they

stand at the back of their ball, GPS Voice will tell them the distance from the Pin. (In golf accuracy in

reading distance is very important) With this new gadget, Filipino

golfers can play anywhere in the world even without a caddy.

Example 2

GPS Voice: Golfers’ New Bestfriend


THE SCHIPOL AIRPORT IN THE NETHERLANDS NOW HAVE THE

FOLLOWING FACILITIESBAGGAGE CHECK-IN

WEB CHECK-IN

SELF CHECK-IN

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Have you ever spent more than an hour checking in for your flights, or even if you’re done with web check-in, it will still take you 20-30 minutes to drop off your luggage?

The long-haul flight is something that you already dread, but it seems that the pre-departure logistics are just a nightmare to bear.

Waiting? That’s a thing of the past, since dropping off your luggage will be at your own convenience.

Example 3

Self-Check in Baggage: Convenience right at your finger tips.

Reported by: Liv Flores

It’s as easy as 1-2-31. Scan your e-ticket/e-passport to verify your flight details.

Answer some security questions in the interactive touch screen technology.

2. Place your luggage in the machine then a printed bar code will come out for you to attach to your luggage.

3. Excess baggage? Worry no more. You can pay directly with your credit/debit card. Just input your details in the screen.

All done in less than 5 minutes!

KLM’s Self-Service Baggage Check in


While you used to go to the airport at least two hours before, now you have enough time to read a book, grab some food, shop for pasalubong or simply connect via wifi for work or personal browsing.

Kabayan! Now you have the time to call/remind your family to await for your comeback and meet you at the NAIA Terminal.

Example 3

Self-Check in Baggage: Convenience right at your finger tips.


A MACHINE THAT CAN MAKE CREDIT CARD PAYMENTS/DEPOSITS TO

PERSONAL ACCOUNTS BY CASH OR CHEQUES.

ATM ONLINE BANKINGEASY PAY

Who likes waiting? For your precious lunch hour break, do you end up spending the rest of your lunch hour (plus more) for queuing at the branch during peak hour? Since your payment is already due today, you might as well wait otherwise you suffer the late-charge fees – among other fees that the bank already asks from your credit card bill.

Example 4

Easy-Pay Machines:Wait no more, pay your bills on time.


• 24/7 banking facility that will accept credit card payments/deposits by cash or cheque

• Deposits can be made as envelope deposits.• Users must simply key in their account number and

enter the control number from the envelope for additional security.

• A transaction acknowledge receipt will be issued based on the data input by the user


BENEFITS:– 24/7 accessibility– Can make cash and cheque deposits– Can be used by non-customers without an ATM card– User friendly with the touch-screen technology– A receipt is issued confirming the ff:

• Machine Number• Receipt Number• Date & Time• Amount keyed in by Customer• Account number


Hope you had a great experience learning about Computer Hardware!

Presented by TEAM PAPAYAReinier Dungca | Elvira Castro | Marjorie Co | Veronica Nicolas | Liv Flores | Lourdes Grace Mapalad

About Team Papaya: Concepts Group

What we read is what you get.

Vira Castro: Where's the 'like' button for that smile?

Marj Co: Is your name Wi-fi? Because I'm really feeling a connection.

Nikka Nicolas: Are your pants a compressed file? Because I'd love to unzip them!

About Team Papaya: Applications Group

We live by “samples”.

Liv Flores: Are you a computer keyboard? Because you're my type.

Des Mapalad: If you won't let me buy you a drink, at least let me fix your laptop.

Reinier Dungca: Want to see my HARD Disk? I promise it isn't 3.5 inches and it ain't floppy.

Thank you!

Hope you had fun and learned heaps!

Reinier Dungca | Elvira Castro | Marjorie Co | Veronica Nicolas | Liv Flores | Lourdes Grace Mapalad

Documents

Chapter 3 Computer Hardware Presented by TEAM PAPAYA (InfoTe R39) 20 February 2014 Reinier Dungca | Elvira Castro | Marjorie Co | Veronica Nicolas | Liv