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Chapter - IV
Farm Sector
Agriculture
Uttar Pradesh is not only the most populous but the fifth largest state in India. It is located between 23052’-31028’N Latitudes and 7704’-84o38’E longitudes. Geographically it is situated in one of the most fertile tracts of the country i.e. Ganga and Yamuna basin. Its population of 19.96 crores is 16% of the country, which is more than that of many other countries of the world but occupies only 7.36% of the total area of the country. It produces not only sufficient food grains for the sustenance of its population but also fulfills the food grains requirement of other states and generate a surplus for export as well.
Contribution of U.P. in Food Basket of CountryName of Crops Production during 2012-13
(in Lakh MT)Contribution of
U.P. %India U.P.
Total Food grain 2663.8 519.10 19.49Rice 1044.00 144.16 13.81Wheat 824.60 313.32 38.00Jowar 63.3 2048 3.92Bajra 87.4 17.58 20.11Maize 222.3 13.69 6.16Total Pulses 184.6 23.22 12.63Gram 88.8 6.76 7.61Arhar 30.7 3.25 10.59Lentil (2010-11) 99.4 4.22 4.25Total Oilseeds 310.06 10.28 3.32Groundnut 47.49 0.94 1.98Rapeseed/Mustard 78.20 8.36 10.69Sunflower 0.98 0.02 2.04Sugarcane 3389.63 1379.04 40.68
Agro-climatic Zones
2. In order to drive maximum benefit from the available resource and prevailing growing conditions, an agro-climatic orientation is necessary in land use planning. Such an approach provides the desirable framework of sustainable use of land, water and vegetation. Planning Commission of India has identified 15 Resource Development Regions in the country, 14 in the Mainland and remaining 1 in the Islands of Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The goal was to organize Agricultural Planning Systems for 15 Agro climatic regions so identified and to develop policies for further Agricultural Development on Regional
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basis. The country was divided into 126 agro-climatic zones. Later on 3 more zones for Andaman and Nicobar Island and 2 zones for Pondicherry were delineated.
3. The concept of zoning was mainly based on ecological land classification recognizing various components like soils, climate, topography, vegetation and crops etc. as major influencing factors. The zones were selected as contiguous areas within the State boundary and to the possible extent zones have homogenous physical characteristics such as Topography, Rainfall, Soils, Cropping pattern and Irrigation availability. Uttar Pradesh, on the basis on rainfall, terrain and soils has been divided into 9 agro-climatic zones.
Growth Rate
4. The growth rate in agriculture sector above 5% has been recorded during the fifth plan and two annual plan periods. The expected growth rate in the Xth plan is 2.10% in the state where as the national growth rate is 1.80% in the same period. Plan wise growth status shown in the following table:-
Agriculture and Allied Sectors Growth Rate in Plan Periods
Plan Agriculture & Allied Sectors (%)
Overall Economy (%)
U.P. India U.P. India
1. First Plan (1951-56) 1.86 2.71 2.12 3.60
2. Second Plan (1956-61) 1.48 3.15 1.75 3.95
3. Third Plan (1961-66) (-) 0.09 (-) 0.73 1.58 2.32
4. Three Annual Plan (1966-69) 0.62 4.16 0.32 3.69
5. Fourth Plan (1969-74) 0.94 2.57 2.23 3.25
6. Fifth Plan (1974-79) 5.23 3.28 5.70 5.30
7. Sixth Plan (1981-85) 2.54 2.52 4.11 4.10
8. Seventh Plan (1985-90) 2.69 3.47 5.70 5.80
9. Two Annual Plan (1990-92) 5.42 1.01 3.14 2.47
10. Eighth Plan (1992-97) 2.70 3.90 3.20 6.80
11. Ninth Plan (1997-02) 0.80 1.90 2.00 5.60
12. Tenth Plan (2002-07) 2.10 1.10 5.30 7.70
13 Eleventh Plan(2007-12) 2.70 3.60 7.00 7.80
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Source -wise Irrigation Status
5. Agro-climatic Zone -wise and source-wise irrigation status of the year 2012-13 is as under:- Lakh Ha
Particulars Tarai WP MWP SWSDP
MP BUND NEP EP VIN UttarPradesh
1 Canal 0.98 1.66 0.43 2.63 6.04 4.30 1.35 6.65 1.49 25.55Tube-wells Govt. 0.15 0.16 0.23 0.29 0.72 0.54 1.47 1.10 0.24 4.90Private 8.50 10.00 8.93 13.33 23.98 2.90 12.72 15.79 0.58 96.71Total 8.66 10.15 9.15 13.67 24.70 3.44 14.89 16.89 0.82 101.62
2 Other wells 1.45 0.18 2.12 0.36 0.95 2.99 0.29 0.01 0.12 8.483 Tank etc @ 0.00 @ @ 0.03 8.68 0.19 @ 0.07 0.994 Other Means 0.07 0.02 0.56 @ 0.02 0.39 0.29 @ 0.11 1.265 Net Irrigated Area 11.15 12.01 12.27 16.62 31.74 11.82 16.31 23.56 2.60 138.096 Area irrigated More
Than once05.08 7.23 6.99 6.30 14.19 0.85 4.51 14.66 1.11 60.92
7 Kharif 8.78 10.97 7.86 5.59 16.84 0.79 6.58 16.60 1.53 75.548 Rabi 6.72 7.24 9.85 16.17 27.15 11.60 14.03 20.30 2.14 115.209 Zaid 0.72 1.03 1.56 1.06 1.95 0.27 0.21 1.32 0.04 8.2710 Total 16.23 19.23 19.27 22.92 45.94 12.66 20.83 38.22 3.71 199.01
Gross Irri. Area 16.23 19.23 19.27 22.92 45.94 12.66 20.83 38.22 3.71 199.011 Other wells 2.83 0.52 6.37 0.64 2.51 3.01 1.21 0.03 0.20 17.30
Tube-wells Govt. 0.28 0.29 1.05 0.68 0.91 0.58 0.96 1.56 0.27 6.57Private 11.70 15.74 10.85 17.35 33.00 2.83 16.36 25.55 0.89 134.27Total 11.98 16.03 11.89 18.03 33.91 3.41 17.32 27.11 11.55 140.85
2 Canal 1.41 2.68 0.70 4.24 9.45 5.28 2.00 11.04 2.18 39.003 Tank etc @ @ 0.01 @ 0.05 0.92 0.25 0.02 0.13 1.404 Other Means 0.01 @ 0.29 @ 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.46
*(WP=Western Plain, MWP= Mid Western Plain, SWSDP= South Western Semi Dry Plain, MP= Mid Plain, BUND= Bundelkhand, NEP= North-Eastern Plain, EP= Eastern Plain, VIN= Vindhyan, @=figures are below 500)
Cropping Pattern/Coverage
6. Paddy and Wheat are the most important crops of the State. Maximum area is being used for cultivation of food grains of which only 9.39% is covered under pulses. Approximately 78.30% of the gross cropped area is devoted for the production of food grains. Other important crops grown in the State are sugarcane, potato, mustard, groundnut, gram, pea and lentil. The sunflower and soybeans have also been introduced successfully in the State during past. The cropping pattern in various agro-climatic zones and agro-economic regions in the State however differ significantly in terms of commodities and seasonal crops.
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Strategy of Annual Plan 2014-15
Implementation of New Agriculture Policy 2013 through various schemes
7. The State Agriculture Policy 2013 for Uttar Pradesh envisaged 5.1 % growth rate in the agriculture sector. To achieve this, the Agriculture Policy revolved around implementation of activities based on seven thrust areas, called Sapt Kranti viz. extension, irrigation and water management, soil health and fertility, seed management, marketing, research and agriculture diversification. In Eleventh Five year plan, the state could achieve only 3.0% growth against the planned 4.0% for agriculture sector. Since the commencement of the existing agriculture policy, there has been a drastic change in agricultural landscape of the state.
8. The continuous increase in population, injudicious exploitation of natural resources, unplanned urbanization and industrialization, excessive use of agro-chemicals and increase in consumerism has led to air, water, soil and noise pollution, resulting in multi-dimensional problems. The Agriculture sector has become a non-profitable business due to high costs of production, lack of post-harvest management and processing facilities in the state and reduced economic returns, particularly from small land holdings. Farmers are forced to migrate to urban areas in search of alternate profitable activities, leaving agriculture in the process. Due to inclusion of agriculture in the World Trade agreement, if necessary steps are not initiated for making it a profitable venture by ensuring quality produce at low cost of production, the situation of rural areas may become worse in the near future. The changes in climatic conditions are also becoming a serious concern for agriculture. There is partial scope for expansion of area under cultivation because of the limited area available; however the quality of production can be increased through efficient use of inputs, resources, capital and agricultural knowledge. In the agricultural sector, the exploitation of non-conventional energy resources along with conventional resources will not only reduce the burden on conventional energy sources but also improve the quality and productivity of agricultural produce, which will help in increasing the overall income of farmers.
9. Therefore, in order to achieve the multidimensional potential of agricultural development in the state, it has become imperative to make the necessary changes in the present Agriculture Policy keeping in view the future challenges of the state.
Vision
10. Transforming the state into a ‘Granary of the Nation’ by ensuring food and nutritional security and to improve the quality of village life with inclusive and sustainable growth.
Objectives To achieve a growth rate of 5.1% in the agriculture sector.
To develop and popularize appropriate eco-friendly farming systems which would improve the soil health as well as farm income.
To develop and conserve natural resources for maintaining ecological balance.
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To increase the income of farmers through agricultural diversification towards high value activities, while retaining the core-competence in area of food and nutritional security.
To develop infrastructure facilities in sectors of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, agriculture implements, extension services, food processing and marketing by promoting private sector involvement across the agricultural supply chain.
Strategies Increasing agricultural production and productivity by improving input use efficiency, soil
health and developing sodic and waste lands.
Ensuring timely availability of quality inputs.
Reducing cost of cultivation by way of better crop management, use of cost effective locally available inputs and adoption of new technologies.
Increasing the profitability of agriculture produce by way of value addition.
Promoting utilization of non-conventional energy resources.
Ensuring participation of private sector.
Encouraging development of infrastructure at rural level.
Promoting agriculture based industries in order to make landless labour self- dependent and decreasing the dependency on agriculture.
Challenges Ahead To ensure food and nutritional security to the state population and increase the productivity of
agricultural crops under changing climatic conditions.
To improve the quality of crop production and reduce the cost of production of agricultural produce, in context of the World Trade Agreement.
To ensure efficient management and conservation of natural resources.
To ensure clean and pollution free environment in order to maintain the ecological balance.
To make small holdings profitable in order to ensure the prosperity of small and marginal farmers.
To encourage participation of private sector in the agricultural sector, through investments and Public-Private Partnerships.
To promote agriculture based industries to increase the income and employment of the rural population to reduce the dependence on agriculture.
Interventions
11. To achieve the envisaged growth rate during the XII Five Year Plan and thereafter on sustainable basis. Major interventions proposed are as follows;
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Regionally differentiated strategies will be pursued, taking into account the agronomic, agro-ecological, environmental and socio-economic conditions to realize the full growth potential of every region.
Ensure timely supply of quality inputs such as seed, planting material, fertilizers and other agrochemicals, agriculture machinery, credit, insurance etc. at reasonable rates on timely manner.
The government will endeavour to reduce the cost of cultivation through enhancing input use efficiency and popularizing indigenous, cost effective and location specific technologies.
Development of animal husbandry, dairying, poultry, pisciculture, apiculture, horticulture, aquaculture, sericulture and mushroom cultivation will receive a major thrust in the efforts for diversifying agriculture, increasing animal protein availability in the food basket and for generating marketable surpluses.
The regionalization of agricultural research on all 20 new agro-ecological regions will be accorded high priority. Research and development on frontier science like biotechnology, gene engineering and energy saving technologies, remote sensing technologies, pre and post harvest technologies and technology for environmental protection will be encouraged.
Emphasis will be laid on development of marketing infrastructure and setting up of agro-processing units in the producing areas to minimize wastage, especially of perishable produce and create off-farm employment opportunities in rural areas.
Active support for the promotion of cooperative form of enterprises to ensure greater autonomy and operational freedom and improve their functioning will be the endeavor of the state government.
Promotion of private investment in agriculture and adoption of public-private partnership (PPP) across agricultural supply chain for linking the farmers with the market in efficient and effective manner.
Expected Outcome
12. With the commencement of proposed Agriculture Policy 2013 , outcomes envisaged are;
Optimization of farm resources and improved environment.
Sustainable growth in agricultural production and productivity for assured food and nutritional security.
Formulation and time bound implementation of need based programmes.
Transparency in implementation of programmes.
Introduction of new agro-based enterprises.
Increased role of private sector in state agriculture development.
Improved net economic return and family income.
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Performance Indicators
13. Progress and achievements of the policy will be assessed at regular intervals on the following major performance indicators;
Increased agricultural production and productivity on sustainable basis.
Increased factor productivity.
Improved or sustained status of natural resources.
Reduction in the level of nutrients deficiency in soil.
Increase in net and gross irrigated area.
Increased cropping intensity.
Establishment of new agro-industries and marketing centres in rural areas.
Increased family and per capita income.
Seed Production
14. It is an open secret that for achieving maximum production there is a necessary input of quality seed. Generally 20% agriculture produce could be enhanced by using of quality seed. Keeping in mind the importance of quality seed, department of agriculture made a projection of ten years named as "Seed Mission Mode". Under this mission year wise seed production programme is given below- (Unit qtl)
Integrated Pest Management-
15. In XIth Five Year Plan concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has be en adopted, practiced and disseminated in all cereals, oilseeds and pulse crops. At the same time, use of bio-pesticides and bio-agents had been promoted and use of banned or prohibited chemical pesticides discouraged. Fortunately, IPM modules for almost all the crops including vegetables and other horticulture crops are available either at U.P Council of Agriculture Research (UPKAR) or at GOI level. This knowledge is being disseminated through awareness campaigns and large-scale demonstrations of IPM modules in different crops through financial assistance under Centrally Sponsored Macro mode and ISOPOM Schemes. Large-scale demonstration is required in horticulture crops along with agriculture crops. Financial assistance can come from National Horticulture Mission.
Public Private Partnership in Agriculture-
16. Contribution of private agencies in agriculture has been increasing. Presently, inputs providing companies as well as those involved in marketing of agriculture produce are engaged in agriculture
Type 2011-12 2012-13 Actual Achiev.
2013-14 Anti.
Achiev
2014-15Target
1 Breeder 14900 7030.14 4630.66 90802 Foundation 23200 216799 93035 121.073 Certified/ quality 503400 4608288 762007 657000
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extension, soil testing and several other agriculture-oriented activities according to their business requirement.
Research Initiatives-
17. Following priorities have been set forth in the field of Research during the forthcoming Annual Plan.
Development of high yielding varieties, which are specifically suited to the Agro-Eco-Situation of the area.
Favorable atmosphere will be created for the development of hybrids in the state. Availability of parent-lines has to be ensured for the same.
Farming system modules with specific thrust on cropping system for Rainfed areas have to be developed.
Market oriented development of technology has to be encouraged. Looking at the competitive international market, research works have to be reoriented towards production of qualitative agri-produce. For this organic farming modules need to be developed so that agriculture export could be given a boost.
Reduction in post harvest losses.
Different Agriculture implements for different AES have to be developed.
Irrigation techniques have to be redesigned as per availability of water.
While selecting research issues or further investigation priority has to be given to the researchable problems identified in the SREPs of each district.
To avoid duplication in research works and make available the entire information regarding new technology at one place. U P Council of Agriculture Research (UPCAR) will document the research works being carried at different place/institution in the state and recommend concerned agencies for further dissemination in the field.
Public-Private-Partnership for Inclusive Growth and Over – All Agriculture Development
18. First time after the era of Green Revolution, there is a severe threat to food, nutritional and environmental security due to degrading, degenerating and depleting natural resources, stagnating production, productivity, decreasing investment and slow pace of transfer of technology. State cannot afford to allow this situation to continue for a long time as things may go beyond control.
19. In view of the above scenario; huge investments; conservation, development & judicious use of natural resources; necessary infrastructural support; rapid pace of transfer of modern farm technology and skilled manpower to bridge the knowledge gap at grass-root level are some of the major steps required to be initiated immediately.
20. Although many new initiatives have already been taken by Central and State Govts.; but it has also been realized at every level that objectives of food, Nutritional & Environmental Security cannot be achieved by the efforts of Public Sector alone. Therefore, joint efforts of Public and Private Sector under
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PPP mode are the need of the hour. The State has already started the process of involving Private Sector under PPP mode for the Agricultural development of the state. Efforts made so far are narrated below –
Identification of Activities / Potential Areas for Partnership
21. Although implementation of almost all the activities / programmes can be taken up under PPP mode except enforcement and quality control, however, following major areas have already been identified for promoting Public-Private-Partnership in agriculture sector.
Technology Dissemination
22. Training of farmers and extension functionaries, Demonstrations., Farmers’ study tours/exposure visits. Exhibitions/ Kishan Melas/ Kisan Gosthies. Field Days.Farm School/Farmers Field School. Production and dissemination of extension messages through Print and Electronic media. Awards to outstanding and successful framers. Preparation of Audio-Visual-Aids and success stories.
Sale of Inputs, Value Addition / Processing & Marketing Of Agri-Products
23. Sale of inputs, such as seeds, Fertilizers, Pesticides, Weedicides, Bio-agents, Machineries, Implements, Equipments, Feeds & Medicines etc, Processing of Agriculture/ Horticulture/ Livestock/Fishery products, Marketing of Agriculture / Horticulture / Live stock /Fishery products.
Infrastructure Support For Production, Processing And Marketing
24. Soil, Fertilizers, Pesticides, Water and Seed testing facilities. Training Centres. Demonstration Farms. Nurseries, Seed Production/Organic Farms. Bio-Control Labs. Agro-Processing Units. Godowns. Cold-Storages. Veterinary Hospitals. A.I. Centers. Custom, Hiring Units. Bio-fertilizers/Bio-pesticides Production Units. Seed Processing Units. Cattle Feed Units. Agri-information Kiosks. Establishment of Mega-agricultural markets.
National Food Security Mission – Uttar Pradesh
25. The National Development Council (NDC) in its 53rd meeting held on 29th May, 2007 adopted a resolution to launch a Food Security Mission comprising Rice, Wheat and Pulses to increase the production of rice by 10 million tons, wheat by 8 million tons and pulses by 2 million tons by the end of the Eleventh Plan (2011-12), Accordingly, A Centrally Sponsored Scheme, National Food Security Mission has been launched from 2007-08 to operationalize the above mentioned resolution. The National Food Security Mission will have three components;
Rice component - 28 Districts
Wheat component - 38 Districts
Pulses component - 75 Districts
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Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna
Objectives:- To ensure that the local crops/priorities/needs are reflected in the Agricultural Plans.
To reduce the yield gaps in the important crops through focused interventions.
To maximize returns to the farmers in Agriculture and allied sectors.
To bring quantifiable changes in the production and productivity of various components of Agriculture and allied sectors.
To encourage public investment in Agriculture and allied sectors.
National Mission on Agriculture Extension & Technology (NMAET)
26. The Govt. of India has decided to implement the scheme in a mission mode by including present schemes with a few new programmes under DAC. All these programmes (support to state extension programme for Extension reforms ,sub mission of Agriculture on Mechanization, Sub-Mission on seed & planting Material & strengthening and modernization of pest management approach ) are kept under one umbrella i.e. National Mission on Agriculture Extension & Technology (NMAET).Under this mission, there is a provision for the strengthening of farms for the production of quality seeds and to establish Quality control laboratory to test the quality of products especially bio pesticides produced by IPM laboratory.
Objectives:- To improve the life style and income of the farmers, by solving all the problems of the farming
system of the project area.
To coordinate and strengthen the research and extension workers for the purpose of common interest.
Implementation of the scheme through all line departments, NGOs, Training institutions, Farmer Interest Groups (FLGs) etc.
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
27. Sustainable agriculture productivity depends on quality and availability of natural resources like soil and water. Agriculture growth can be sustained by promoting conservation and sustainable use of these scarce natural resources through appropriate location specific measures. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) has been formulated for enhancing agricultural productivity especially rainfed areas focusing on integrated farming, water use efficiency, soil health management and synergizing resource conservation.
28. NMSA architecture has been designed by converging, consolidating and subsuming all ongoing as well as newly proposed activities/programmes related to sustainable agriculture with a special emphasis on soil and water conservation, water use efficiency, soil health management and rainfed area development.
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The focus of NMSA will be infuse the judicious utilization of resources of commons through community based approach.
Objectives To make agriculture more productive, sustainable, remunerative and climate resilient by
promoting location specific Integrated/composite Farming Systems.
To conserve natural resources through appropriate soil and moisture conservation measures.
To adopt comprehensive soil health management practices based on soil fertility maps, soil test based application of macro and micro nutrients, judicious use of fertilizers etc.
To optimize utilization of water resources through efficient water management to expand coverage for achieving “more crop per drop”.
To develop capacity of farmers and stakeholders in conjunction with other ongoing missions.
To pilot models in select blocks for improving in productivity of rainfed farming by mainstreaming rainfed technologies.
To establish an effective inter and intra Departmental coordination.
Mission Strategy
29. To achieve these objectives, NMSA will have following multi pronged strategy:-
Promoting integrated farming system, covering crops, livestock and fishery, plantation and pasture based composite farming for enhancing livelihood opportunities.
Popularizing resource conservation technologies.
Promoting effective management of available water resources and enhancing water use efficiency.
Encouraging improved agronomic practices.
Creating database on soil resources through land use survey.
Promoting location and crop specific integrated nutrient management.
Strong technical monitoring and feedback systems on climate change mitigation.
Establishing platform to liaison, review and coordinate implementation.
Mission Interventions
30. Rainfed area development – Rainfed area development will adopt in area based approach for development and conservation of natural resources along with farming systems. This component will introduced appropriate farming systems by integrating multiple components of agriculture such as crops, horticulture, livestock, fishery, forestry with agro based income generating activities and value addition. A cluster based approach of 100 hectare or more will be adopted to derive noticeable impact of convergence and encourage local participation and for future replication of the model in larger areas.
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31. On Farm Water Management – On Farm Water Management will focus primarily on enhancing water use efficiency by promoting efficient on-farm water management technologies and equipment. This will not only focus on application efficiency but, in conjunction with rainfed area development component, also will emphasize on effective harvesting management of rainwater.
32. Soil Health Management – Soil Health Management will aim at promoting location as well as crop specific sustainable soil health management.
33. Climate Change and sustainable Agriculture: Monitoring, Modeling and Networking – This component will provide creation and bidirectional (land/farmers to research/scientific establishments and vice versa) dissemination of climate change related information.
34. Area of Operation- NMSA will be operational in all the 75 districts of the state from the year 2014-15
Governance Reforms
35. The department has made an all out effort to establish contact with all the stake holders, especially farmers and suppliers, with the use of modern communication techniques.
Kisan call centre: Toll free No. 1551 (facility provided by the GOI) is under operation. It has been publicized extensively amongst farmers. This call centre can be used for any kind of agricultural query and its solution.
Kisan call centre(UP): Another call centre has been setup by state. It has Toll free No. 0522-4155999. This call centre is now operational and wide publicity is being made through print and audio/visual media for creating awareness amongst the farmer community. Farmers can register their telephonic complaints regarding agricultural activities on this centre. These complaints are disposed off on regular basis.
36. Beside redressing complaints, another facility of giving technical information to farmer is also taken up twice a week between 2-4 p.m. on Tuesday and Thursday. Agriculture experts are available to answer questions of farmers on technical issues.
Annual Plan 2014-15
Seed Replacement Rate
37. Targets of Anual plan 2014-15 of SRR for each crop are shown below:- (%)
Name of Crop 2011-12Base Year
2012-13Actual Achiev
2013-14Target
2013-14Anti. Achiev
2014-15Target
Kharif1. Paddy 33.57 33.74 30.00 34.53 35.002. Maize 42.53 44.64 7.00 42.19 453. Bajra 70.18 55.77 12.00 55.04 12.004. Jowar 40.59 43.79 12.00 42.83 35.005. Urd 28.11 33.69 40.00 34.77 35.00
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Name of Crop 2011-12Base Year
2012-13Actual Achiev
2013-14Target
2013-14Anti. Achiev
2014-15Target
6. Moong 68.32 69.55 44.50 74.84 75.007. Arhar 25.82 25.56 35.00 29.17 42.008. Groundnut 16.56 17.84 17.00 18.41 19.009. Til 12.45 10.83 26.00 28.46 39.00
10. Soyabean 58.89 62.36 48.50 61.59 85.0011. Sunflower 100.00 100 79.00 100.24 100.0012. Cotton 61.06 61.49 18.00 57.60 62.00
Rabi13. Wheat 39.98 40.44 42.00 40.49 40.9014. Barley 23.86 31.58 19.00 25.04 28.0015. Gram 21.75 27.07 27.00 33.03 34.0016. Pea 31.29 33.31 33.00 30.60 33.0017 Lentil 14.79 25.09 27.00 30.20 33.0018. Rai/Sarson 67.64 56.40 65.00 66.55 67.0019. Toria 77.33 65.66 88.50 79.43 79.0020. Linseed 25.54 17.60 20.50 33.14 34.00
Fertilizer
38. Fertilizers are one of the most important components which provide plant nutrition for growth and production. To achieve the maximum growth and production the fertilizers should be used in recommended proportion. The ideal proportion for NPK is 4:2:1. and all out effort has been made to train the farmers regarding balance use of fertilizer. During the year 2008-09, the NPK ratio 11.28:3.59:1.00 have been achieved. Still we have to go a long way to achieve the standard ratio. Targets of fertilizers distribution in Annual Plan 2010-11 are focused to achieve the desired ratio in the following manner.
In the form of Element
39. The distribution of fertilizers in the form of nutrients is indicated in the table below:- (Lakh M.T.)
Year N P K Total
1 level at the end at XIth plan 3126 1086 303 4515
2 2012-13 Actual Achiev 3289 1146 159 4594
3 2013-14 Target 3734 200 548 6285
4 2013-14 Anti. Achiev 3156 774 96 4026
5 2014-15 Target 3747 1472 504 5723
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In the form of Fertilizer
40. The plan of nutrients are shown as N,P, and K, but its application to the soil is done as Urea, DAP, Potash and NPK complex. The distribution of these fertilizers will be ensured during Anual plan 2014-15 as indicated in the table below:-
(Lakh M.T.)Year Urea DAP MOP NPK SSP Total
1 2011-12Base Year 58.44 13.75 1.84 12.03 4.21 90.27 2 2012-13 Actual Achiev 53.72 15.02 2.01 6.65 0 77.413 2013-14 Target 64.50 21.50 4.50 13.05 4.85 108.404 2013-14 Anti. Achiev 52.92 15.50 1.34 4.99 0 74.755 2014-15 Target 67.50 22.50 4.75 13.60 5.00 113.35
Balancing Fertilizer Use
41. The Year wise targets of Annual plan 2014-15 for using fertilizers in balanced form are shown below:-
Year N P K1 2011-12 Base Year 14.5 4.6 12 2012-13 Actual Achiev 10.4 3.9 13 2013-14 Target 7.4 3.1 14 2013-14Anti. Achiev 15.8 3.9 15 2014-15 Target 7.3 3.1 1
Bio- Fertilizer
42. Plant nutrients are also supplied through bio fertilizer. These fertilizers do not have any negative impact on the soil structure/properties. Therefore, use of bio fertilizer is now being appreciated. The targets of Annual plan 20of bio fertilizer is shown below:-
Year (In lakh Packet.)1 2011-12 Base Year 302 2012- Actual Achiev 52.623 2013-14 Target 604 2013-14 Anti. Achiev 54.775 2014-15 Target 123
Plant Protection
43. Plant protection chemicals are considered as a major input for cultivation. Various types of chemical pesticides are used to control insect-pest , diseases & weeds in different crops. Insecticides are used for insects, Weedicides are used for weed, fungicides are used for fungus and other chemicals are used for different purpose to control pest & diseases for the protection of crops. Use of pesticides in a huge quantity making adverse impact on quality of crop produce and soil health along with water.
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44. Bio-pesticide and IPM technique is being popularized from several past years in place of chemical pesticides. Target of Anual plan 2014-15 are as follows:-
(M.T./K.L)Particulars 2011-12
base year2012-13Actual Achiev.
2013-14Target
2013-14Anti.
Achiev.
2014-15 Target
1. Insecticides/Dust/Granules 8172.00 10328.00 8170.00 10200.00 8220.002. Insecticides Liquid 838.00 1777.00 830.00 1750.00 900.003. Fungicides 1389.00 2150.00 1390.00 2160.00 1420.004. Weedicides 2372.00 4762.00 2370.00 5020.00 2540.005. Rodenticides/ Fumigants 168.00 144.00 150.00 140.00 150.00
Bio-Pesticide
45. Since the bio pesticides don’t have any chemicals in the compositions therefore they are not hazardous to human life. The use of bio pesticides has to be encouraged to save the biotic life within the soil Target of Anual plan 2014-15 of bio pesticides are as under:-
(Unit in M.T./Kl.)
Integrated Pest Management
46. Pest and insects are one of the major causes of loss in production. Normally pesticides are use to control the attack of pest and insects, but the use of pesticides causes harmful impact to human life. Therefore, integrated pest management is only solution to safeguard the human life and environment. The targets and achievements for IPM are given below:-
(Unit in 000)Name Unit 2011-12
base year2012-13
Actual Achiev.2013-14
Anti. Achiev2014-15Target
1 Tricoderma Kg. 135 129.54 200.00 480.002 Bueberia/ basiyana Kg. 60 48.55 100.00 240.003 Pseudonymous Kg. 31 20.63 25.00 40.004 Metaraizium Kg. 11 5.76 8.00 24.005 Verticilium Kg. 11 0 5.00 16.006 Trichocard Card No. 57.00 4.65 10.00 150.007 NPV Le. 500 12.10 350.00 950.00
Year Bio pesticides1 2011-12 Base Year 30262 2012-13Actual Achiev. 26303 2013-14 Target 3670
2013-14 Anti. Achiev. 37202014-15 Target 3900
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Credit
47. Composition of the farmers of the State shows that there are 90% farmers are hailing from marginal and small category. Most of them are just above the poverty line or below the poverty line.Thus,a large section of farmers are economically weaker and their purchasing power is so poor. Now days, cultivation are means based and it is not possible to manage every inputs of agriculture without loan. Non institutional credit (Mahajan Pratha etc.) credit always pain full and throw the loan taker into debt trap. In the XI th Five Year Plan it is proposed to double the credit facility to the farmers. Target and achievements are as given below.
Crop loan distribution (Rs in Crore)
Year Crop Loan
( Rs.in crore)
KCC
(No. in lakh)
1 2011-12 Base Year 24018.00 15.88
2 2012-13 Actual Achiev. 36272.01 43.53
3 2013-14 Target 58928.85 35.14
4 2013-14 Anti. Achiev. 42759.33 36.69
5 2014-15 Target 71544.72 41.21
Soil Testing
48. Keeping in view of soil health soil testing is very important segment. U.P. is a vast State and small size of land holding is a challenging task to cover the every farm for soil testing. Soil testing also minimizes the cost of cultivation in the way of use of balanced fertilizers. During Annual plan 2014-15 following programme is proposed.
Year Units Soil testing Target
1 2012-13Actual. Achiev. In lakh 33.722 2013-14 Target In lakh 40.203 2013-14 Anti. Achiev In lakh 34.994 2014-15 Target In lakh 40.20
Agriculture– Implements
49. The implements used for agricultural operation help in reducing the time and enhance the efficiency of operations. Several activities have to be performed in the process of crop production, which requires more power, time and skill. The modern Agriculture Implements are the need of hour. Some new implements
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like Rotavator etc can perform multiple activities at the same time. To encourage the use of such implements massive targets of implements distribution is proposed in Annual plan 2014-15. The detail of the targets is indicated in the table below.
Items 2011-12
base year
2012-13
Actul Achiev.
2013-14
Target
2013-14
Anti. Achiev
2014-15
Target
A. MANUALLY DRIVEN IMPLEMENTS
1 Hand Winnowing Fan 1512 2000 2100 0 2205
2 Chaff Cutter 1884 2000 2100 0 2205
3 Paddy Thresser 0 2000 2100 32 2205
4 Drum Seeder 0 2000 2100 161 2205
5 Paddy Transplanter 0 820 861 0 904
B. ANIMAL DRIVEN IMPLEMENTS
1 Disc Harrow BD 436 3000 3150 0 3308
2 Cultivator BD 1202 3000 3150 0 3308
C. POWER DRIVEN IMPLEMENTS
1 Disc Harrow (T.D.) 1258 2000 2100 0 2205
2 Zero-Till-Seed-drill 480 2000 2100 142 2205
3 Seed cum fertidril 4052 5000 5250 0 5513
4 Disc plough/M.B.plough/Harrow TD
1166 2000 2100 0 2205
5 Cultivator (T.D) 1379 2000 2100 0 2205
6 Potato Planter (T.D) 143 1000 1050 0 1103
7 Potato Digger (T.D) 0 1000 1050 0 1103
8 Rotavator (T.D) 6347 8000 8400 17918 8820
9 Pump Set (7-5B.H.P) 29792 30000 31500 32947 33075
10 Power Threser 1449 2000 2100 0 2205
1 Multi Crop Planter 6 1000 1050 17 1103
12 Ridge Maker 44 1000 1050 0 1103
13 Happy Sheeder/Roto Seeder 0 1000 1050 0 1103
14 Power Tiller 40 1640 1722 0 1808
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Items 2011-12
base year
2012-13
Actul Achiev.
2013-14
Target
2013-14
Anti. Achiev
2014-15
Target
15 Power Weeder 0 3500 3675 9 3859
16 Lazer Levler 0 72 76 661 79
17 Ridger 0 500 525 21 551
18 Pedistraw Ripper 0 500 525 0 551
19 Nepsafe Sprayer 174565 175000 183750 82276 192938
20 Fertilizer Bradcaster 418 500 525 0 551
21 Sugercan Cutter/Planter 0 500 525 0 551
22 Reepar Combineder 0 820 861 0 904
23 Ground Nut Digger 0 820 861 0 904
24 Strip Til Drill 0 820 861 0 904
25 Reepar Cleaner Cum-Grader Drier
0 820 861 0 904
26 Stable Shver Movile Fruit Harvestor
0 820 861 0 904
27 Raised Bed Planter 12 820 861 0 904
28 Vegetable Trans Planter 0 820 861 0 904
29 Plan Protaction Equipment 27668 30000 31500 0 33075
30 Sprinkalar Set 5826 6000 6300 630 6615
D. Tractor(40H.P) 1491 1640 1722 0 1808
Agriculture Extension
50. The technical knowledge dissemination is a difficult task but most important also. Agriculture Universities and other agencies are involved in the development of new techniques for the benefit of farmers and improvement in crop production. The knowledge of such techniques has to be passed on to the farmers who are the ultimate user. Through agriculture extension, this information is being carried up to the grass root level.
Production and Productivity
51. The envisaged growth rate during 12th Plan Period is 5.1%, which will be reflected in terms of increase food grain production and productivity. Crop wise targets of food grain production is estimated as under-
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Production (in Lakh M/T)
Crop-wise Productivity
52. The productivity of various crops has to be raised in order to achieve the targets of food grain production. Considering the growth rate of 5.1% the target for the productivity of various crops should be enhanced to the level as shown in the table below:-
Season Crops 2011-12Base year
2012-13Actual Achiev.
2013-14Target
2013-14Anti.
Achiev
2014-15Target
Kharif Rice 139.63 143.54 153.62 147.09 161.45Jwar 2.12 3.30 2.29 2.22 2.41Bajra 16.33 17.58 16.33 17.94 17.16Maize 12.26 12.89 14.62 12.86 14.38Small Millet 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.08Kharif Cereals 170.48 176.58 186.93 180.19 195.48Urd 3.40 3.47 4.44 3.30 4.81Moong 0.16 0.20 0.80 0.20 0.87Kharif Pulses 3.56 3.67 5.24 3.50 5.68Kharif Food Grains 174.04 180.25 192.17 183.69 210.16Til (Pure) 0.75 0.64 0.88 0.55 0.95Ground Nut 0.92 0.94 1.08 0.95 1.17Soyabean 0.23 0.19 0.27 0.37 0.29sunflower 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.07 0.11Kharif Oilseed 1.89 1.35 2.33 1.94 2.52
Rabi Wheat 315.77 313.32 349.05 322.00 366.85Barley 3.62 4.46 4.13 4.24 4.34Maize 0.00 0.23 0.17 0.22 0.17Rabi Cereal 319.62 318.01 353.35 326.46 371.36Gram 5.33 6.76 6.31 5.92 6.85Pea 3.95 4.59 4.70 4.96 5.10Lentil 4.58 4.41 5.66 4.22 6.14Pigeon pea 2.87 3.25 3.37 2.67 3.66Rabi Pulses 16.73 19.01 20.04 17.44 21.75Rabi Food Grains 336.35 337.02 373.39 343.90 393.11R/Mustard (Pure) 7.29 8.36 8.58 8.25 9.31Linseed (Pure) 0.14 0.13 0.17 0.14 0.18
G. Total Cereals 491.19 495.78 540.28 497.75 566.84Pulses 21.13 23.32 25.28 24.55 27.43Food Grains 512.32 519.10 565.66 522.30 594.27Oilseed (Pure) 9.47 10.28 11.08 10.33 12.09
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(Qtls/ha)Season Crops 2011-12
Base year
2012-13 Actual Achiev
2013-14Target
2013-14- Anti.
Achiev
2014-15Target
Kharif Rice 23.28 24.59 25.72 24.70 27.03
Jowar 10.31 13.48 11.39 13.48 11.97
Bajra 16.65 19.52 18.39 19.52 19.33
Maize 16.51 18.47 18.24 18.47 19.17
Small Millets 7.18 9.78 7.93 9.78 8.34
Urd 6.64 6.63 7.81 6.63 8.47
Moong 7.95 5.07 9.35 5.07 10.14
Til (Pure) 2.17 1.87 2.55 1.87 2.77
Ground Nut 10.01 9.93 11.77 9.93 12.77
Soyabean 12.52 14.14 14.72 14.14 15.97
sunflower 21.25 7.81 24.99 17.04 27.10
Rabi Wheat 32.45 32.19 35.84 32.19 37.67
Barley 22.92 26.47 25.32 26.47 26.61
Gram 9.24 11.20 10.87 11.20 11.79
Pea 12.23 14.94 14.38 14.94 15.60
Lentil 7.99 8.90 9.40 8.90 10.19
Pigeon pea 8.96 10.42 10.54 10.42 11.43
R/ Mustard (Pure) 11.40 12.62 13.41 12.62 14.54
Linseed (Pure) 4.46 4.50 5.25 4.50 5.69
G.Total Cereals 27.50 28.18 30.38 31.93
Pulses 8.66 9.85 10.18 9.90 11.04
Food Grains 25.19 26.05 27.91 25.94 29.37
Soil and Water Conservation
53. The major river of the state is Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghra and Sone. Problematic area of watershed is situated among these rivers.
Total Reported Area (Lakh ha.) 242.70
Total Problematic Area (Lakh ha.) 120.44
Classification of Present Problematic Area (Lakh ha.)Type of Problem Total Area Treated Area
(Up to March, 14)Balance Area as on
April 2014(Tentative)
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Degraded and Problematic landA Agriculture Land 60.66 56.97 3.69B Non Agriculture Land 12.87 7.74 5.13
Total 73.53 64.71 8.82Special Problematic LandA Ravine Land 12.30 11.45 0.85B Usar and Alkaline Land 11.51 6.50 5.01C Diara and Khadar Land 15.00 2.34 12.66D Water Logged Land 8.10 3.62 4.48
Total 46.91 23.91 23.00Grand Total 120.44 88.62 31.82
Aims Treatment through engineering and botanic method in Rain fed watershed areas to conserve
moisture and water harvesting. Cropping intensity and productivity enhancement is the major issue of these areas.
To check the flood through appropriate measures of soil and water conservation techniques to cope up the problem of land degradation, silting and minimization of moisture.
Plan development and treatment of USERS, ravine and water logged area.
Implementation of schemes for social up-liftmant of small, marginal and SC/ST in watershed areas.
Implementation of schemes for employment generation for landless agriculture laborers and small and marginal farmers for their socio economic up-liftment.
Ground water up-liftment through ground water recharging.
To maintain the ecological balance through the soil and water conservation programme.
Renovation of rural ponds through different schemes for aquaculture and fisheries. It is also helpful ground water level up-liftment.
Micro Irrigation System
54. Keeping in mind the importance of water and its judicious use, a very effective scheme is going on in Bundelkhand and Vindhyan region of the state. Efficient and economic use of surface and sub surface water by demonstration of various method of irrigation system is being made possible through sprinkler irrigation system are being made popular through scheme, namely; Enhancement of Water Use Efficiency in Bundelkhand and Vindhyan region.
Rain Water Harvesting
55. U.P. has diverse agro climatic zones which almost different from another. For example, eastern plain is being presumed as water logged area whereas Bundelkhand is well known for their drought prone climatic property. A concept of rainwater harvesting is to conserve and collect the rainwater of rainy season in a
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water body for their multipurpose use i.e. for live stock, human needs and farm sector. A scheme has been launched for Bundelkhand region to minimize the adversity of drought in this region. Through this scheme dripped and sprinkler irrigation system also provided to the farmers at this subsidized rate. Judicious use of rainwater demonstration is being made as a component of this scheme for the purpose of its popularization amongst the farming community.
Targets for Annual Plan 2014-15
Natural Resource Management
56. There is 31.82(Tentative) lakh ha. Problematic area at present in the State. It is planned to reclaim 1.33 lakh ha. Through various schemes. There is an estimation that 35 to 45 thousand hectare agricultural land shifted to non-agricultural purpose every year. Through the natural resource management, we will be able to create 35 to 40 thousand hectares land for agricultural coverage. Implementation of the various scheme of N.R.M. is helpful in the enhancement of production and productivity and along with the maintenance of ecological balance. Scheme-wise physical targets of Annual plan 2014-15 are as follows:-
(in ha.)Schemes Area
A Centrally Sector Schemes 1 Flood Prone River /River Valley Project 87002 Land Reclamation in Katri Area 10190
Sub Total (A) 18890B State Sponsored Schemes 1 Bhoomi Sena Yojna 59105
Sub Total (B) 59105C Resource based schemes (NABARD funded) 1 RIDF 17 & 18 55800
Sub Total (C) 55800Total (A+B+C) 133795
Agriculture Education and Research57. Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research is established to coordinate research, education and extension activities of the state Agricultural Universities (SAUs), Government Departments and other institutions engaged in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, animal sciences, fisheries, sericulture, environment, natural resource management and allied disciplines.
58. The work of agriculture education and research is being carried out by four state agricultural universities namely, 1. Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 2. Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad and 3. Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, 4. Manyavar Shri Kanshiram Ji University of
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Agriculture and Technology, Banda and one deemed agriculture university Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad with their multiple campuses and regional research stations. Besides SAUs, two central universities and 37 agricultural colleges affiliated to general universities are also imparting agricultural education and pursuing research and extension in some form. The agricultural research, extension and technology generation system is further augmented by 14 ICAR and 5 CSIR institutions.
Agriculture Education
Academic Progress
59. Under Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, during the year 2013-14, 126 students in B.Sc. (Ag.) honours, 93 students in B.Tech (Biotech), 82 students in M.Tech. (Agril food processing), 10 students in M.Tech/M.Sc. (Biotechnology) and 47 students in Ph.D. have been admitted in the university through Joint Entrance Test. Total of 358 students are enrolled for various degree programme in the university.
60. Under C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur 3 colleges namely Agriculture, Home Science and Agriculture Engineering and Technology are providing education for various degree programmes.The CSA university is having intake capacity of 737 in various degree programme. At present a total of 1839 students are enrolled in various degree programme.
61. N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad is having 7 colleges namely Agriculture, Veterinary Sciences, Agriculture Engineering and Technology, Horticulture and Forestry, Fisheries and Biotechnology. During 2013-14, under UG programmes a total of 450 students are admitted out of which 130 students in B.Sc. (Ag.), 61 in B.Sc.(Hort.), 35 in B.Sc. (Fisheries), 50 in B.Sc. (Home Sc.), 96 in B.Tech.(Agril. Engg.), 40 in B.Tech. (Computer Sc.) and 38 in B. Tech. (Mech. Engg.) have been admitted. Under PG programmes, a total of 201 students are admitted in which 175 students in M.Sc. (Agriculture), 04 in M.Sc.(Home Sc.), 22 in M.V. Sc. and 59 students in Ph.D. programme have been admitted.
62. Banda Agriculture University two colleges namely College of Agriculture and College of Horticulture are in operation at present. During the year 2013-14, 55 students each in College of Agriculture and College of Horticulture have been admitted through Joint Entrance Test. At present 129 and 108 students are studying in College of Agriculture and College of Horticulture, respectively.
63. Sam Higgin Bottom Institute of Agriculture, Sciences and Technology, Allahabad is having intake capacity of 120 in B.Sc.(Ag.), 80 in B.Sc.Honours (Horticulture), 90 in B.Sc. Honours (Forestry), 60 in B.Sc. Honours (Home Science), 60 students in B.Sc. Honours (Animal husbandry and Dairy) are 210 in B.Tech at Graduate level. At Post Graduate level, the university is having intake capacity of 500 in M.Sc., 20 in AH & Dairying, 240 in M.Tech. and 120 in M.B.A (Agri. Business).
Agricultural Research
( 158 )
64. The C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur has carried out research under All India Coordinated Research Projects and made significant contribution by way of developing new high-yielding varieties besides developing their agro-technology. During 2013-2014 wheat variety K-0402 (Mahi) has been finally notified by the Government of India for timely sown under irrigated condition for the whole U.P. Lentil variety KLS-09-3 and KLB-2008-4 released by the SVRC, Lucknow. Wheat variety K-1006 (Shekhar New) was developed and identified in September 2013.
65. The N.D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad carried out research under 30 AICRP sponsored by ICAR and developed technologies which made significant contribution in raising the production of different crops in the region. During 2014-2015, Narendra Sona, Shivraj and Narendra Mahak variety of paddy was released. Wheat variety NW-4018 and barley variety NDB-1445 notified by Central Sub Committee on Crop Standard.
66. The S.V.B.P. University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut is operating research activities on various aspects of crop, animals and diversified agriculture through Directorate of Research and the different existing research centers viz., Crop research center (CRC), Livestock Research center (LRC), Horticulture research Center (HRC), Fisheries Production Center (FPC) and three zonal research Station located in district Bijnore, Badaun and Bulandshahar. At university headquarter, Seed Production and Processing Unit is also in operation. At present, 45 externally funded projects are operating in the university on different aspects to cater the needs according to the location specific demands.
67. The Sam Higgin Bottom Institute of Agriculture, Sciences and Technology, Allahabad has initiated research in Integrated Pest Management, Farm Machinery, Sodic Land Reclamation and Dairy Technology. The university has developed technologies for management of Guava Wilt. University has also developed facilities for production of bio-agents for management of various pest and diseases. At present, 27 externally funded projects are operating in the university on different aspects.
68. The U.P. Council of Agricultural Research, Lucknow carried out multifarious activities. During 2013-14 following important work taken up by the Council :
A Brain Storming Session on "Future Roadmap for Agriculture Education and Research in Uttar Pradesh" was organized to set out a road map for agriculture education and research in the State.
With the objectives of building the capacities of scientists and SAUs in the area of formulation of research programme so that agriculture is not constrained for want of funds for technical interventions in the state, a five days workshop on "Formulation of Winning Competitive Grants Proposal" was organized in the Council with the technical support from National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (NAARM), Hyderabad.
The Model Act circulated by ICAR expected to be adopted by different agriculture universities in the state. In this context a Task Force was constituted consisting of eminent scientists and agriculture educationist to amend the existing State Agricultural University Act, 1958 on the line of Model Act. The amendment proposal drafted by the Task Force was presented in front
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of the Government officials. The final report is being prepared and will be sent to the Government soon.
Three new agriculture research projects pending for long, were sanctioned and future priorities for research were identified on the basis of which new research proposals to be funded under Shodh Nidhi are under way. The Revolving Fund made available by Mandi Parishad has been made operational and funding of research projects under this fund are being finalized.
Organized 20 meetings of Crop Weather Watch Group in the Council and recommendations were sent to different stakeholders in the State. In order to expand its reach, initiative has been taken to send the recommendations through SMS in collaboration with IFFCO.
U.P. Agriculture Science Academy has been founded to provide a platform to agriculture scientists working in the state for interaction and prepare future strategies and road map for agriculture in the state.
Four Brain Storming Sessions namely (a) Potential of modern tools for improving the productivity of agricultural crops; (b) Improving Agricultural Productivity in the Backdrop of Depleting Natural Resources and Changing Climatic Conditions; (c) Productivity Improvement through Livestock Management (d) Integration of Extension Agencies for Improving the Impact of Agricultural Extension was organized to develop strategies to combat future challenges on various emerging issues.
Prepared projects on key issues and submitted to different agencies for their funding namely (a) Sustaining Agriculture under changing climatic condition; (b) Conservation agriculture for enhancing agricultural production under changing climatic conditions; (c) Quality seed production of improved varieties of various crops for boosting agricultural productivity; (d) Conservation agriculture for sustainable management of ravines.
Extension
69. At present 68 KVKs are established in the state out of which 49 KVKs are established under SAUs, 05 under ICAR Institutes and 14 under NGOs and other organizations. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra established in the various districts under agriculture university of the state, carried out extension activities by organizing training, demonstrations, farm advisory services, kisan mela and kisan gosthis. The queries of the farmers were answered by Krishak Help Line and Kisan Call Centres established in agriculture universities. In addition to above, the KVKs also carried out seed production programme, fisheries, production of bio-fertiliser and bio agents for control of crop pests and distributed among the farmers. The literatures of various agriculture technologies were published and also experts from agriculture universities provided latest know-how to the farmers through radio and TV.
Establishment of University of Agriculture and Technology in Banda district
70. Establishment of a new university of agriculture and technology at Banda district was sanctioned in 2008-09. During 2013-14, Rs. 3627.87 lacs was provided for construction of College of Veterinary Sc.
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and AH, College of Horticulture, College of Forestry, College of Home Science, College of Technology, Administrative Building, Hostels and Residential Buildings and other infrastructural facilities. An outlay of Rs. 5729.33 lacs has been proposed for completion of remaining work of construction and essential infrastructure facilities like electricity, Sever, Drinking water, roads, etc. in the Annual Plan 2014-15.
Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur
71. In the annual plan 2014-15 an outay of Rs. 1100.00 lacs has been proposed for establishment of new Agriculture College in Lakhimpur Kheri and to complete the remaining work of College of Dairy Technology, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology.
Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad
72. In the annual plan 2014-15 an outay of Rs. 500.00 lacs has been proposed for establishment of new Agriculture College in Azamgarh and completion/furnishing of VIP Guest House, Sports Stadium, College of Agri-business Management and other infrastructural facilities.
Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut
73. The construction and establishment work of College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, College of Post Harvest Technology, Poultry Research and Training Centre is under process. To develop infrastructure facilities and to complete the construction work of these facilities an outlay of Rs. 800.00 lacs has been proposed in annual plan 2014-15.
Strengthening of Education, Research and Extension in Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University, Allahabad
74. Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University is one of the oldest Institute in the country. It was raised the status of Deemed university in 2000. For strengthening of agriculture extension in Allahabad Agriculture Deemed University, Allahabad an outlay of Rs. 10.00 lacs has been proposed in Annual Plan 2014-15.
ICAR funded projects (Central sponsored schemes)
75. In the field of research, the All India Coordinated Research Projects are being operated in the state agriculture universities on 75:25 basis. Out of total grant the 75% share is met by Indian Council of Agricultural Research and 25 % share has to be met by State Govt as per MoU. Therefore an outlay of Rs. 700.00 lacs has been proposed in Annual Plan 2014-15 for this purpose.
Horticulture
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76. Uttar Pradesh has the natural advantage of diverse agro climatic conditions, which enables production of wide range of horticulture crops. Uttar Pradesh is bestowed with rich bio-diversity and varied agro-climatic conditions, ideal for growing a large variety of horticultural crops. The sector, which includes fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices and medicinal & aromatic plants, has gained importance in terms of enhanced income per unit area, providing nutritional security, source of raw material for many food processing industries, earning considerable amount of foreign exchange, leading to socio-economic improvement of the people in the state. The objective, therefore, is to formulate programs aimed at developing the potential that exists for growing a variety of horticultural crops, to raise income and to generate employment and to achieve a growth rate of 10.40 % in horti- culture sector.
77. Eleventh five year plan envisages the maximum involvement of small and marginal farmers in horticultural production. For this promotion will be given under different schemes like-area expansion, adoption of new technology, training, protected cultivation, seed and plant production programs. At present there is approximately 44.00 lakh hectare under horticultural crops and there is a proposal of bringing 2.59 lakh hectare new area under horticultural crops in 2014-15
Vision Increase in Area, Production and Productivity.
Enhancement of Income of small and marginal Farmers.
Strengthening of Marketing infrastructure.
Promotion of Food Processing.
Goals To achieve 10.40% horticulture growth rate,
Bringing 2.59 lakh hectare additional area under horticultural crops,
(a) New plantation of fruit crops covering 1.05 lakh ha., and
(b) Increase in area expansion of vegetables by 2.30 lakh ha. and potato by 0.25 lakh ha. during 2013-14.
Increasing Productivity by 0.55 M.T. per ha. and production by 91.15 L.M.T.
Priority Areas Focus on increasing both production and productivity through cluster approach.
Forward linkages of these clusters for marketing.
Ensure supply of quality planting material.
Use of Hi-Tech Horticulture.
Export Quality Production through Organic Farming.
Development of post harvest infrastructure.
Promotion of food processing activities.
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Awareness to the farmers related to IPM & INM practices and cropping pattern.
New Initiatives Activation of RFRAC and creation of Organic certification system.
Execution of National Mission on Food Processing for Technology Up-gradation/Setting up/Modernization/Expansion of Food Processing Industries.
Facilitation for supporting Cold Chain transportation & storage facilities for Horticultural & Non-Horticultural produce.
Specialized training of entrepreneur at premier institutions in the country.
Implementation of new food processing policy in the state.
Formation and implementation of potato development policy in the state.
Major Areas Production of Quality planting material and Promotion of certified & hybrid vegetable seeds.
Promotion of protected cultivation/ latest cultivation Technologies, high-density plantation, adoption of intercropping.
Rejuvenation of old and unproductive Orchards.
Promotion of innovative programs like-Organic farming, sprinkler/ drip systems, etc. in cluster approach.
Promotion of short term cash crops as banana, papaya, zimikand, flowers, vegetable, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants etc.
Generate awareness among farmers to use optimum dose of fertilizers/green manuring/INM as per soil testing report.
Minimize pre and post harvest losses.
Promotion of bee keeping and mushroom production.
Development of post harvest Infrastructure as-grading/packing centers, pack houses, multi chamber/multi commodity cold storage, ripening chambers, onion storage & rural markets etc.
Strengthening food processing sector through National Food Processing Mission.
Objectives of Horticulture Development Plans
78. The VIIIth, IXth, Xth and XIth plan laid considerable emphasis on developing horticulture and its integration with agriculture. Development of horticulture in the dry land areas was given special attention. The major objectives of the horticulture development programme includes :
(a) Improvement in production, productivity and net returns per unit area;
(b) Provision of better nutrition and protective diet to the people;
(c) Creation of additional employment opportunities and increase in income in rural area, etc.,
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Horticulture Sub-Sector
79. The state enjoys an important position in India in the field of horticulture, the area under horticultural crops occupy approx. 40.00 Lac.ha (nearly 22 per cent), It stands sixth in the country in respect of area and production of fruits, first of vegetable and first in area and production of potato.
80. Despite emphasis made on horticulture crop production during last Plan periods, there is still a large gap between the demand and supply of several horticultural commodities. The demand is further expected to rise in the coming years on account of need to provide minimum per capita requirements of various horticulture commodities to the increasing population to ensure nutritional security. With emphasis on value addition, the demand of crop products of several commodities for the processing industries will increase. India has a great potential for improving its export of horticultural commodities. Change in dietary pattern and rise in per capita income and living style is expected to accelerate the demand for horticultural commodities especially that of processed products. The emerging world-wide trend which is also reflected in our country, indicates a paradigm shift in dietary needs of the people. This means that the demand of horticulture produce will continue to rise with rise in income.
Proposed level of Area, Production, productivity in 2014-15
81. As mentioned above, the horticultural crops are well suited to the agro-ecological conditions of Uttar Pradesh and have considerable scope for further expansion. Being densely populated state, most of the farmers are of small and marginal holding and they practice farming of vegetables, spices, floriculture and early fruiting crops like banana & papaya, where on one hand labour is optimally used and on the other continued annual income are also earned. The present Growth Rate of Horticulture sector in the state is 8.37 % and it is proposed to increase it up to the level of 10.40%. in the XIIth Plan Period.
Strengths Endowed with agro-climatic conditions suitable for a large number of horticultural crops with
plenty of sun shine and large area of fertile soil and water.
Number of cultivars and their adoption in different agro-climatic condition make the availability of horticultural produce for expanded period.
Network of research infrastructure to support the development.
Changing dietary habit of the people with rise in income would need more horticultural produce.
Weaknesses Lack of sufficient qualitative planting material, certified & improved variety seeds.
Comparably low productivity of various horticultural crops.
Due to lack of sufficient marketing and post harvest management facilities, farmers do not find remunerative prices of various horticultural crops and there are heavy post harvest losses.
Lack of qualitative produces in accordance with demands in global market.
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Lack of horticultural technical knowledge at various levels.
Insufficiency of infrastructure facilities at all the levels.
Inadequate reliable data base in horticulture.
Lack of technical staff at block and panchayat level.
Opportunities Adequate availability of raw material for processing industry.
The state has sufficient number of institutions under Central Govt. viz. ICAR, CSIR, etc. to backup the development programs.
Compact areas having cheap, hard working and intelligent labour force.
Large tract of alluvial soil with rivers like- Ganga, Yamuna, Rapti, Ghaghara, etc.
Horticulture provides opportunity for food and nutritional security through better accessibility.
Vast opportunity to attract youth towards agriculture.
Threats Reduced productivity in the absence of improved technology.
Malnutrition of millions if horticulture development does not move fast.
If the present opportunity is not availed, state may lag behind in its overall development and horticulture especially.
Hybrid Vegetable Cultivation
82. Promotion of Machan Technique- To overcome the spoilage and losses problem which comes by results of contact with the soil of vegetable produce, stacking technique in cucurbitaceous crop needs to be promoted. In this technique sticks are used to support the plants and a framework of sticks is made so that vegetables produce does not touch the soil and thereby reduces the losses. These techniques also help in improving the quality and productivity. As per the norms of 2013-14, it is proposed to provide subsidy upto 75% of the unit cost.
83. Promotion of hybrid seeds- Since the production from hybrid seeds are many times more than that with traditional seeds so the farmers of SC/ST can get better return with lesser acreage and this would help in increasing their living standard. But since the seed cost of hybrid seeds is very high, so, if the subsidy of 75% of the total cost can be provided, which can meet the recommended input cost, to these farmers, they will definitely get motivated and there would be a compound increase in their income. Hybrid capsicum and European Vegetable are selected the most suitable cash crops with cost norms of SHM sub plan MIDH.
84. Spices Cultivation - The major spice crops grown in the state are chilies, turmeric, coriander, garlic, onion, fenugreek etc. The SC/ST farmers can get better economic returns by their cultivation. Under the
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scheme, there is a provision for promotion of chilies, coriander, garlic etc. in the intensive areas. It is proposed to provide a subsidy upto 90% of the cost norms of MIDH.
85. Integrated Pest Management - The damage in vegetable crops due to insects and pests is very high sometimes upto 30 to 40%. To minimize the losses, farmers would be provided training and management kits under the scheme. For the program it is proposed to provide a subsidy upto 90% of the cost to the beneficiaries. The cost norms proposed are as per MIDH.
86. Cultivation of flowers - Floriculture is high value crops which can provide better returns with per unit area. The farmers are getting benefited with cultivation of ornamental crops like gladiolus, cut roses, loose flowers like marigold. Under this scheme, there is a provision for providing subsidy upto 90% for cultivation of marigold and rose under flowers.
87. Technical support to the beneficiaries - Under the scheme, the selected farmers would be supported in terms of pre-harvest and post harvest management techniques. The beneficiaries would be helped through providing technical literatures related to production and management techniques.
88. Bee-keeping- In the state along with the horticultural production, bee-keeping is gradually taking the shape of a small scale industry. For bee-keeping - wide range of agricultural and horticultural crops like mustard, flowers, neem, litchi, drumstick and so many other floras available in the state. There is lot of scope for employment generation in this area. The bee-keeping units would be distributed in the selected districts under the scheme. This would include 5 boxes along with the bees. The cost of one box with colony is approx Rs. 4000/- so out of total cost of 20,000/- for 5 boxes with colony, a sum of 90% i.e. 18000/- per beneficiary would be made available as assistance for commercial development of bee-keeping Only those farmers would be selected as beneficiaries who have got trained in the bee-keeping.
State Horticulture Mission (CSS)
89. The State Horticulture Mission scheme is being implemented in the State since 2005-06. As per the guidelines of GoI, SHM has been subsumed under Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture(MIDM) from 2014-15 and the scheme is proposed to be implemented as per new cost norms and operational guidelines of MIDH 2014. The Mission is specially focused on increasing the production and productivity through adoption of improved technologies for ensuring quality of all horticultural crops. Special emphasis is on adopting cluster approach for developing regionally differentiated crops, which are most suitable for the state/region. Availability of good quality planting material being a key area for the development of horticulture, efforts are made to create necessary infrastructure in the form of nurseries. This is supplemented with plantation development programmes by adding new areas under improved varieties to meet the demand of the market in fresh as well as processed form.
90. The low productivity of the perennial fruits like mango, citrus is mainly due to small size of holdings, the preponderance of old and senile trees and the poor management available to them. Under the SHM rejuvenation programs of such old and thickly shaded mango, guava and aonla orchards for productivity improvement are being implemented.
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91. Post harvest management would help in creating suitable infrastructure for efficient post harvest management and marketing of horticulture produce, including marketing promotional activities such as dissemination of market information to the farmers, processors, traders and consumers. The farmers will also be encouraged to work with corporate houses for ensuring supply of quality inputs and buy back arrangement.
92. The above mentioned components under the State Horticulture Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture are developed in such a way that activities and programs in one component supplement and complement the activities and programs of other component in order to build in synergy among the various programs under different components. Only through such an integrated approach to the development of horticulture, it would be possible to develop and exploit the horticulture potential of each region in the state, which can become the mainstay of the economy of the state/region in achieving the ultimate goal of the NHM.
Establishment of Lohia Gardens/Parks
93. The theme of establishing Lohia Gardens/Parks is to control the environmental pollution and to provide an ornamental and beautiful ambiences to people in urban areas. It will also help to maintain level of oxygen in cities to keep people healthy and tension free. Recreation facilities will also be provided for children in the park. Besides ornamental and flowering plants, lawn, water-body, bird baths and good landscape areas will also be developed in the proposed park. Keeping the view, Lohia Environmental Garden, Ghazipur was initiated to establish during 2013-14 with an outlay of Rs 150.00 lac out of which only Rs. 72.11 lac was not sanctioned by GoUP. So the balance amount Rs. 72.11 lac along with one new Lohia Garden proposed at Jaunpur with an outlay of Rs 150.00 lac. The major activities to be undertaken are fencing, establishment of children park, path way, Japanese garden, Solar lights, Lawn, Irrigation Facilities, Sitting arrangement, Landscaping and other required basic infrastructure.
Beautification of Lohia Park, Mainpuri
94. This Scheme was initiated during 2013-14 with a view to establish Lohia Park in respect of the announcement of Honorable Chief Minister. Rajkiya Niraman Nigam Ltd. was nominated as implementing agency with an estimate of Rs. 155.76 lac out of which Rs. 100.00 lac was sanctioned during 2013-14.
Beautification of Narain Bagh, Jhansi
95. This Scheme was initiated during 2013-14 with a view to beautify the existing Garden located at Jhansi in respect of the announcement of Honorable Chief Minister with an outlay of Rs. 86.00 lac. Various activities were undertaken to beautify the existing garden for providing better environment to the public in urban area. The work has been completed and the garden is open for public.
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State Horticulture Mission
Objectives To increase qualitative and quantitative production and productivity of area specific crops as
per the market demand and agro-climatic conditions in compact areas.
To establish convergence and synergy among various on-going and planned Government programs in the field of horticulture development.
To achieve horizontal and vertical integration of the programs by establishing forward and backward linkages.
To ensure adequate, appropriate, timely and concurrent attention to all links in production - post production - processing - consumption chain.
To maximize economic, ecological and social benefits from the existing investments and infrastructure created for horticulture development in the state.
To promote ecologically sustainable intensification, economically desirable diversification and skilled employment for rural youth including farm women.
To promote the development and dissemination of technologies based on the blending of traditional wisdom and new technologies.
Micro Irrigation Scheme
96. A centrally sponsored scheme National Mission on Micro Irrigation has been started in 2006-07, which is subsumed under National Mission For Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) On Farm Water Management (OFWM).
Planned intervention
97. The following micro irrigation systems are proposed to be under taken during project period to have better yield and quality of fruits and vegetables in the state. The physical and financial figures mentioned here are all indicatives in nature and would be finalized with participatory approach, local needs and opportunities available during implementation. The DMIC's/SMIC's may have liberty to finalize there action plan and interchange the physical targets as per their need to the extent of approved financial limit.
98. The climatic conditions and soil suitable for growing Mango, Guava, Aonla, Litchi, Banana, Citrus, Ber, Bael and various vegetables, Potato, Medicinal and Ornamental Plants which needs assured irrigation system for better development and quality improvement.
Fruit crops : Mango, Guava, Aonla, Litchi, Banana, Citrus, Ber, Bael
Vegetable crops : Potato, Pea, Tomato, Brinjal, Okra, Chilies, Capsicum, Cole,
crops,Cucurbits and other leafy vegetables etc.
Flower : Tuberose, Gladiolus and other close spacing crops.
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Drip irrigation system
Wide Spaced Crops
99. Commodity wise proposed interventions for drip irrigation systems in Wide Spaced Crops such as Mango, Guava, Aonla, Litchi, Banana, Citrus, Ber, Bael etc are to be covered for better production through Judicious use of Irrigation. A total of 1903 ha. area is proposed to be covered through Drip Irrigation in Wide Spaced Crops.
Close Spaced Crops
100. Banana has become one of the important commercial crop of UP which is nearly grown in 20-25 District under different schemes. Other than Banana, several vegetable crops like - Potato, Tomato, Brinjal, Okra, Cole crops, Cucurbits and flowers like - Tuberose, Gladiolus and other close spacing crops are to be taken. Under this activity. Approximately 1908 ha. area is proposed to be covered under Close Spaced Crops.
Sprinkler Irrigation System :
101. Sprinkler irrigation system viz. Micro Sprinkler, Mini Sprinkler, Portable Sprinkler, Semi Permanent and Large volume Sprinklers are proposed to be installed for irrigating leguminous and leafy vegetables in different districts of Uttar Pradesh. Under this activity, subsidy will be provided to interested farmers as per the norms. A total area of about 4050 ha. is proposed to be covered under Sprinkler Irrigation System.
Transfer of Technology through Training Programme
102. An intensive training and human resource development programme is needed and be organized at different levels i.e. District level, PFDC level and Entrepreneurship development at recognized National Institutes. To fulfil the needs, it is required to train Master Trainers, Extension officials, farmers/beneficiaries for successful adoption of the programme by DAC through PFDC in the state and SAU's. In addition to this, exposure visits are also required within and out of state for officials and farmers. Since Drip/Sprinkler irrigation system is new focus area of intervention for better production and productivity of Horticulture Crops, it needs to have better orientation and practical training to the beneficiaries as well as fill functionaries. The training program to be organized for the farmers will be a two days program. This activity may be organized at District level or may be Division level. The concerned KVKs, SAUs, HETCs and ICAR/CSIR institutes and other suitable organizations may be involved to organize and provide there suitable rescores persons. As per NMSA norms, approximately 30 beneficiaries will participate for two days training which may cost approximately Rs. 50,000 per training. In proposed Action Plan 2014-15, about 2790 farmers/beneficiaries (93 batches) are proposed to be trained for better adoption of Micro Irrigation in Horticultural Crops.
Beneficiaries All categories of farmers are eligible for taking the benefit of this mission.
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Support to each farm family under OFWM component will be restricted to a farm size of 5 ha. however, beneficiaries who have already availed the benefit of central support for micro irrigation cannot avail further assistance for the same land for the next 10 years. At least 50% of allocation is to be utilized for farmers of small, marginal farmers of which 30% of women beneficiaries. As per the guidelines of GoI, further 16% and 8% total allocation or in Proportion of Scheduled castes and Scheduled tribes population in district will be utilized for special component plan (SCP) & tribal sub plan (TSP) respectively subject to the availability of suitable farmers.
Pattern of Assistance & justification
103. As per operational guideline, 2014 for National Mission For Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture & Co-operation, a financial assistance as Central Share will be @50% of the system cost of installation for small and marginal farmers (SMF) and @35% for other farmers in DPAP areas. Keeping the high cost involvement for installation of Drip/Sprinkler system, state matching share of 40%for SMF & 35% for other farmers would be available as per G.O of U.P. Letter no. 3434/58-2012-150/2012 dated 18.12.2012. Similarly, the pattern of assistance for Non DPAP area would be restricted to 35% as central assistance of the total cost of installation for SMF & 25% of the actual cost of installation for other farmers. The remaining cost other than subsidy, will be borne by the beneficiary from his/her own resources or through soft loan from financial institutions.
104. To further popularize the use of MI system in horticulture crops, GoUP have taken decision to assist the farmers with additional subsidy upto 12th five year plan since January 2013 only. Under NMMI which is proposed to be continued under NMSA (OFWM). As this technology is yielding good benefits to the users particularly in banana, potato, citrus, pea and commercial vegetables, looking into the size of the state, it is essential to further assist the farmers endeavor. It will help in high quality production with demonstrative effects in their clusters.
National Mission on Medicinal Plants
105. National Mission on Medicinal Plant is formulated by National Medicinal Plants Board Government of India since 2008-09. Currently 44 districts are covered under the scheme. Sincere efforts have been made for different activities in the state but could not achieve the total target sufficiently due to some circumstances one of them was delayed in the implementation when season of the crops was ended. Producers are giving good response against all the activities. we hope that in the year 2014-15 also get success in all the wings.
Objectives
106. The following of the objective envisaged in the National Mission on Medicinal plants:-
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Support cultivation of medicinal plants which is the key to integrity, quality, efficacy and safety of the AYUSH systems of medicines by integrating medicinal plants in the farming systems, offer and option of crop diversification and enhance incomes of farmers.
Cultivation following the Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACPs) to promote standardization and quality assurance and thereby enhance acceptability of the AYUSH systems globally and increase exports of value added items like herbal extracts, phyto-chemicals, dietary supplements, cosmeceuticals and AYUSH products.
Support setting up processing zones/clusters through convergence of cultivation, warehousing, value addition and marketing and development of infrastructure for entrepreneurs to set up units in such zones/clusters.
Implement and support certification mechanism for quality standards, Good Agriculture Practice (GAP), Good Collection Practices (GCP), and Good Storage Practices (GSP).
Adopt a Mission mode approach and promote partnership, convergence and synergy among stake holders involved in R&D, processing and marketing in public as well as private sector at national, regional, state and sub state level.
To increase qualitative and quantitative production and productivity of area specific crops as per the market demand and agro-climatic conditions in compact areas.
To establish convergence and synergy among various on-going and planned Government programmes in the field of medicinal plants development.
To achieve horizontal and vertical integration of the programmes by establishing forward and backward linkages.
To ensure adequate, appropriate, timely and concurrent attention to all links in production - post production - processing - consumption chain.
To maximize economic, ecological and social benefits from the existing investments and infrastructure created for medicinal plants development in the state.
To promote ecologically sustainable intensification, economically desirable diversification and skilled employment for rural youth including farm women.
To promote the development and dissemination of technologies based on the blending of traditional wisdom and new technologies.
To promote the linkage between growers & buyers.
Strategy The Mission would adopt an end-to-end approach covering production, post harvest
management, processing and marketing. This will be achieved by promoting cultivation of medicinal plants in identified clusters/zones within selected districts of states having potential for medicinal plants cultivation and to promote such cultivation following Good Agriculture and Collection Practices (GACPs) through synergistic linkage with production and supply of quality planting material, processing, quality testing, certification, warehousing and marketing for meeting the demands of the AYUSG industry and for exports of value added items.
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The Mission also seeks to promote medicinal plants as a crop alternative to the farmers and through increased coverage of medicinal plants and with linkages for processing, marketing and testing, offer remunerative prices to the growers/farmers. This will also reduce pressure on forests on account of wild collection.
Mission seeks to adopt communication through print and electronic media as a strong component of its strategy to promote integration of medicinal plants farming in the agriculture/horticulture systems with emphasis on quality and standardization through appropriate pre and post harvest linkages.
Promote and support collective efforts at cultivation and processing in clusters through Self Help Groups, growers cooperatives/associations, producer companies and such other organizations with strong linkages to manufacturers/traders and R & D institutions.
Horticulture Cooperative Societies is engaged in cluster and group formation activities.
Implementation Area
107. In the last year the programs were implemented in 44 selected districts. Some producers and other people who are related to this field are creating pressure for including all the districts of the state. State has good opportunities for the production of medicinal plants as well as processing. Medicinal Mission is in early stage, every district wants to adopt new crop & technology for better price realization and as well as to capture the market. Keeping in mind we will be implementing the programmers in 45 Districts.
Food Processing
108. Food processing industries contribute significantly to the economic and social development. Food processing industry acts as a bridge between the agriculture and allied sector and industry sector, the two most important spheres of human entrepreneurship. Production under the agriculture and allied sector of Utter Pradesh, which includes food grains, horticultural crops, dairy and meat, occupies a prominent place in the country's gross production. About two-third of the Utter Pradesh population depends on agriculture and this sector contributes about 25-30 percent to the state's domestic product. Utter Pradesh is brimming with the possibilities of developing food processing sector, investing capital in this sector, generating employment and increasing income of all the stake holders. Following key grounds are existing in the state for establishing and developing food processing industries:
Abundant availability of raw products round the year from primary sector
109. Raw products are available in ample quantity in the state. These include wheat, paddy, maize and sugarcane under food grain crops: potato, mango, aonla, pea, tomato, cucurbits & other vegetables and mushrooms under the horticultural crops and milks, meat, eggs and honey under animal husbandry, poultry and fisheries sub sectors.
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110. Since most of these products are perishable in nature, the possible losses can be brought down by processing the surplus product through post-harvest management .Local availability of raw material helps in saving the transportation cost and a better backward linkage is ensured. Not only this, it is also possible to substantially increase the availability of raw products of primary sector by suitably tapping the favorable agro-climatic condition of the state. Availability of market, human resource, low production costs are the other factors which are suitable for the development of food processing sector in the state.
111. Following programs of food processing are conducted under plan scheme, whose short description is as follows:-
Scheme of 100 Days Food Processing Entrepreneurship Training Program
112. This program is to be conducted at Government Food Preservation Centers (77). Duration of the program is 100 days & training fee is Rs 300/= per candidate. Object of the program is to provide employment to general public, reduce the post harvest losses and helping in getting the remunerative prices to the farmer of their produce. This scheme focuses on human resource development for fruits and vegetables and creating opportunities for self- employment. Selection of beneficiaries is made through advertisement and reservation benefits to the applicants. Minimum qualification for the beneficiary is high school pass and minimum age is 18 years.
Scheme of Expansion & strengthening of Government Fruit Preservation Centers
113. Under these schemes, the selected Government Fruits Preservation Centers being run in departmental buildings will be upgraded as Nodal Centers by equipping them with furniture's & equipments, materials. So that maximum beneficiaries may be benefited.
Scheme of Dhaba, Fast Food, Restaurant Training:
114. This scheme is to be implemented in 77 Government Fruits Preservation Centers and 10 Government Food Science Training centers. Duration of the program is two week and intake of beneficiary is thirty per batch. No fee is taken from the beneficiary. Objective of the training is to prepare value added food in rural & urban areas and to improve hygiene and HACCP standards in the food sectors and also to provide necessary guidance about the balance diet and inspire the beneficiaries to run a independent dhabha & fast food corner for their self employment. Selection of the candidates is made through advertisement.
Scheme for awareness on quality and hygiene
115. The objective of this scheme is to create awareness regarding quality and hygiene amongst the human resource (skilled and unskilled) engaged in dhaba and restaurant, food processing units. The concept of Good Hygiene Practice, (GHP) Good manufacturing Practices (GMP), Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) hygiene, sanitation and cleanliness is being delivered to the beneficiaries by imparting training to the beneficiary.
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Food Processing Industry Policy
116. The Food Processing Industry Policy aims at creating a favorable atmosphere for setting up of food processing units in the state through development of infrastructure facilities , encouragement to capital investing and technological up-gradation , human resource development , development of marketing networks , research & development promotion , quality and certification and grants and concessions .
Food Processing Mission
117. Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MFPI) has launched a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) - National Mission on Food Processing (NMFP) during 12 th Plan (2012-13) for implementation through States / UTs. The basic objective of NMFP is decentralization of implementation of Ministry's schemes, which will lead to substantial participation of State Governments / UTs. The NMFP contemplates establishment of a National Mission as well as corresponding Mission in the State and District level. NMFP is likely improving significantly the Ministry's outreach in terms of planning, supervision and monitoring of various schemes.
118. The Objectives of the mission are : to augment the capacity of food processors working to upscale their operations through capital infusion ; technology transfer , skill up gradation and handholding support; to support established self help groups working in food processing sector to facilitate them to achieve SME status ; capacity development and skill up gradation through institutional training to ensure sustainable employment opportunities to the people and also to reduce the gap in requirement and availability of skilled manpower in food processing sector ; to raise the standards of food safety and hygiene to the globally accepted norms ; to facilities food processing industries to adopt HACCP and ISO certification norms ; to augment farm gate infrastructure , supply chain logistic , storage and processing capacity and to provide better support system to organized food processing sector .Scheme / Components of the mission proposed to be implemented
Technology Up-gradation / Establishment / Modernization of Food Processing Industries.
Cold Chain, Value Addition and Preservation Infrastructure for non horticultural produce.
Human Resource Development.
Scheme for promotional activities.
Sugar Cane Development
119. Uttar Pradesh is the prominent sugar cane producing state in the country. Besides U.P. other prominent states are Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat in tropical region and Punjab, Haryana and Bihar in subtropical region. The state of U.P. with regards to cane area, Av yield
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per hectare and total sugar cane production in country as whole and also in comparison to different states is presented as under.
Table-1 : Inter state Comparison of sugar Statistics (Year 2012-13)
StateCane Area (Thousand
ha.)
AV.Yield (Ton. per ha.)
Cane Crushed (lac Ton.)
Sugar Production (Thousand
Ton.)
Sugar recovery %
A Tropical region
1 Maharashtra 907 66.3 692.01 7929 11.30
2 Tamilnadu 333 92.0 214.58 1932 8.84
3 Karnataka 404 84.01 330.24 3443 10.40
4 Andhra Pradesh 200 80.0 98.86 954 9.62
5 Gujarat 155 72.2 104.93 1165 10.68
B Subtropical Region
1 U.P. 2424 61.6 815.06 7485 9.18
2 Haryana 107 73.7 52.45 510 9.70
3 Punjab 84 58.9 47.96 438 9.02
4 Bihar 252 56.1 57.16 501 8.76
C All India 5014 66.9 2491.71 25720 9.95
120. The following Table gives inter-state Sugar production since 2003-04.Table-2 State wise Sugar Production for Last Ten Years
(lakh ton.)
STATES 2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
1 Andhra Pradesh 8.86 9.82 12.36 16.80 13.35 5.93 5.15 10.06 11.35 9.542 Karnataka 11.16 10.40 19.43 26.60 29.00 16.54 25.58 36.83 38.72 34.433 Tamilnadu 9.21 11.08 21.42 25.40 21.41 15.98 12.80 18.46 23.79 19.324 Maharashtra 31.75 22.17 51.97 91.00 90.75 45.78 70.67 90.54 89.77 79.295 Uttar Pradesh 45.51 50.37 57.84 84.75 73.19 40.64 51.79 58.87 69.74 74.856 Bihar 2.74 2.54 4.22 4.51 3.36 2.14 2.58 3.85 4.50 5.017 Haryana 5.82 4.00 4.09 6.52 5.99 2.29 2.48 3.92 4.94 5.10
All India 135.46 126.91 192.67 283.61 263.56 145.38 189.12 243.94 263.42 257.20
121. The following Table Provided the achievement in production and growth since first year plan.Table-3 Plan wise Achievement with regards to cane area, average yield, cane production sugar production etc.
At the End of Cane area (lac.h.)
Average yield
(M.t./Ha.)
Cane product.
(L.t.)
Sugar product.
(L.t.)
No. of Mills
Crushing capacity
(Tcd)
Sugar recovery
%
1 1st five year plan 7.97 40.10 319.34 10.98 68 72,327 9.69
2 2nd five year plan 9.84 37.72 371.10 12.04 71 84,859 9.32
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At the End of Cane area (lac.h.)
Average yield
(M.t./Ha.)
Cane product.
(L.t.)
Sugar product.
(L.t.)
No. of Mills
Crushing capacity
(Tcd)
Sugar recovery
%
3 3rd five year plan 8.26 36.43 300.88 7.11 71 1,02,059 9.58
4 4th five year plan 12.09 44.12 533.28 12.97 74 1,13,218 8.99
5 5th five year plan 14.69 39.40 578.78 14.63 88 1,31,535 9.28
6 6th five year plan 14.70 46.13 678.05 14.77 99 1,61,439 9.56
7 7th five year plan 18.55 57.51 1066.77 36.51 106 2,14,991 9.18
8 8th five year plan 21.96 60.76 1334.21 39.22 122 3,51,318 9.59
9 9th five year plan 20.54 54.40 1117.38 43.87 110/100 3,58,804 9.73
10 10th five year plan 26.62 59.59 1546.22 84.75 133 709000 9.47
11 11th five year plan 22.51 59.33 1335.72 69.74 124 768240 9.07
12 Year 2012-13 24.24 61.63 1493.94 74.85 122 761000 9.18
122. Above table reveals that there is more than threefold increase in cane area of the state during the span of the last 11th five year plans. Average yield per hectare varied from 36.43 M.T. in 3 rd plan to 60.76 tones in 8th plan period.
123. Number of working mills was 68 in 1st five-year plan which was raised to 132 in 11 th plan period. Similarly cane crushing capacity of mills was reported 72327 T.C.D. in first plan period which was raised to 768240 T.C.D. at the end of 11th plan.
124. The overall impact of increase in area, productivity, number of mills and subsequent increase in crushing capacity resulted in more than fivefold increase in sugar production during the span of 1 st to 11th
plan period.
Sugar Cane Sector in 2014-15
125. Major challenges in sugar cane sector in the State are as under :
Limited availability of per unit area of water for irrigation.
Depletion of soil fertility.
Increase of prices of fertilizer germicide and pesticide chemical.
Price escalation of petroleum products.
Limited availability of farm labour.
Reduction in cane area due to price increase of other competitive crops.
Besides manufacturing of sugar, diversion of cane crop is likely towards other by products like ethanol etc.
Improvement in exiting production Technology of sugar cane.
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126. In the changed scenario efforts are to be made to obtain maximum out put per unit of area of irrigation water and other inputs. It is expected that there will be increase in cane productivity and diversion of sugar cane towards gur and khandsaree will be minimized.
Issues & Strategies To raise the crushing capacity of sugar mills from 7.67 lakh T.C.D. to 8.50 lakh T.C.D.
To make efforts in increasing the productivity of sugar cane instead of allowing the sugar cane area to expand is the target. For that the programs relating to the development of high yielding varieties of sugar cane and modern scientific techniques of sugar cane cultivation would have to be carried out. Arrangement for agricultural inputs for giving effect to increase the sugar cane production will be envisaged. Development of area of such sugar cane varieties which are high yielding and rich in sugar for those sugar factory areas where sugar cane area as per requirement is not available as also to develop the varieties of sugar cane for the different regions according to suitability of soil and climate Development of maturity wise sugar cane verities and conducting of surveys with the help of sugar mills. So that area under unsuitable varieties is minimized.
In western U.P. sugar cane is commonly sown after harvesting wheat crop. In other part of the state productivity level is hampered because of non availability of productive irrigation. Strategies have been evolved to introduce technique of optimum use of limited water resources.
Arrangement for drainage for such factory areas where due to excessive rains water logging takes place. Introduction of water logging verities will be made to obtain maximum yield in adverse circumstances.
A sizable chunk of sugar cane is diverted towards gur and khandsari. To minimize its diversion, drawl percentage is proposed to be raised from 55% to 65%, this will enable the growers to get maximum price of the maximum quantity produce.
By strengthening cane union and making them more useful to the grower and also streamlining the activities of cane development council, a sound institutional base will be prepared to impart knowledge along with purchasing physical inputs.
By introducing integrated nutrient management by using of Biofortilizer and Vermi-Compost.
Ratoon management is very much neglected in central eastern U.P. Management of second and third ratoon will get special attention in the plan .
Heat therapy will be popularized amongst the growers to eradicate the menace of grassy shoot and other diseases.
Proposed targets for the 2014-15
127. The proposal is to keep the target for cane area at lowest possible level i.e. the addition in area be minimum and the cane requirement of the sugar factories be met by increasing the yield per hectare and stepping up the per hectare supplies to the sugar factories.
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128. The targets for the Year of 2014-15 Plan are proposed as follows -Table-4 Physical targets and Achievements
Particulars Unit Year 2012-13 Year 2013-14 Year 2014-15
Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach. (Anticipated)
1 Cane Area Lac. Ha. 23.00 24.24 27.00 23.60 23.50 23.50
2 Average yield Ton Per Ha. 62.00 61.63 65.00 62 66.00 66.00
3 Sugar Cane Production
Lac. Ton. 1426.00 1493.98 1755.00 1464 1575 1575
4 Drawl Percent 57.00 58.00 65.00 48 62 62
5 Total Cane crushed Lac. Ton. 812.82 815.06 1226.50 700.00 975 975
6 No of Sugar Factories
No. 126 122 125 119 125 125
7 Crushing Capacity Lac. Ton TCD
7.80 7.68 9.65 7.68 8.45 8.45
8 Sugar recovery Percent 9.9 9.18 10.30 9.27 9.96 9.96
9 Total Sugar Production
Lac. Ton. 80.47 74.85 99.00 64.65 98 98
129. For achieving the above target following intervention is proposed to be introduced during the year 2014-15 plan by means of following schemes/program.
Foundation nursery
130. The breeder seed is provided from sugar cane research station for foundation seed nursery. The foundation nursery holders/Cane growers maintaining foundation nursery will be provided max .25 qtl. Breeder seed form sugar cane research station. After seed distributed from foundation nursery subsidy will be provided to the farmers @ Rs. 50/qtl.
Primary seed nursery
131. Seed produces in foundation nursery will be used for raising primary nursery. A farmer will be provided max. 50 qtl. Foundation seed. Rs 25/qtl. max. upto Rs. 12500 subsidy per nursery holder will be provided.
Transportation and handling of cane seed
132. Nursery seed is to be transported from research stations for raising foundation seed nurseries and from foundation nurseries to primary nurseries. Apart from transportation careful handling. Like proper seed set cutting, is also very necessary. Thus Rs. 15 per qtl. For foundation seed and Rs 7.00 per qtl. For primary seed will be subsidized in this scheme.
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Soil and seed treatment
133. Under this programme insecticides, fungicides and germicide are used for controlling soil and seed borne disease, insect and pests. For encouraging germination of cane seed before sowing cane seed are treated with mercurial chemical/compound. At present Rs. 1000 per ha. Is required for seed and soil treatment subsidy of 50% maximum UP TO Rs500/hect. will be provided.
Ratoon management
134. About 50% area of the sugarcane is covered by ratoon crops. To improve the productivity of cane, proper management of the ratoon crop is very necessary. Improved management is also required to augment of sugar recovery. In ratoon management urea and insecticide is sprayed on ratoon crop. this is very popular agricultural practice in western and central u.p. farmers generally used pesticide with urea solution. In this scheme 50% cost of pesticide used in urea spray is to be subsidized, maximum up to Rs150/hect.
Use of bio fertilizers/vermicompost
135. Bio fertilizers/vermicompost is a ecofreindly and balance fertilizers which gives all nutritional element to the crop. Importance of bio fertilizers and vermin composting need no emphasis. About Rs. 1250 is the cost of bio fertilizers/vermin compost per ha. Thus 50% subsidy up to Rs 600 per ha. Is proposed.
Animal Husbandry136. An estimated 70 million households are rural out of which about three fourth are landless, marginal or small farmers engaged in livestock production. In case of landless households, half of income comes from livestock production. The agriculture land holdings are decreasing day by day which adversely affects production of fodder. For the optimal use of present fodder we need mixed farming with considerations of small ruminants (for the use of tree leaves and bushes), cattle and buffalo (for use of by product fodder-straws, sugarcane tops and other agro based by products) for conversion of all low cost fodder into precious meat(Chicken, mutton, pork, etc.) along with milk production(with the use of deoiled cake and brans).
137. Uttar Pradesh is a vast State with huge livestock population. As per 18th Livestock Census- 2007, there are 190.97 lac cattle, 264.40 lac buffaloes, 14.00 lac sheep, 148.29 lac goats, 19.87 lac pigs and 178.79 lac of poultry in the State. With this huge livestock wealth, Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of milk in the country with the production of 241.339 lac MT annually in year 2013-14 with the growth rate of 7.54%. Uttar Pradesh is one of the largest meat producing State and share more than 60% of country's meat export. State produces 1607.633 million eggs and 14.202 lac kg. of wool annually.
138. This huge livestock population is distributed in 9 agro-climatic zones varied from semi arid Bundelkhand region to eastern tarai areas. State harbors famous indigenous cattle breeds like Hariyana,
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Sahiwal, Gangatiri; buffalo breeds like Murrah, Bhadawari and famous goat breeds like Jamunapari and Berbari. In comparison to 2003; in 2007 there is an increment of 3% in cattle, 15.38% in buffaloes and approximately 12% in goats population. There is decline in sheep population due to shrinkage of pasturage and shifting in occupation.
139. Livestock rearing in the State is mainly subsidiary to Agriculture Sector and commonly practiced by resource poor farmers on traditional subsistence pattern. As per the distribution of livestock in the State, approximately 80% of the livestock is reared by small, marginal farmers and landless labourers.
Achievements:-
140. During the XI plan, the State Animal Husbandry Department has made consistent efforts to improve the different livestock species and their productivity and production. The total production levels of milk, eggs and wool at the end of the XI Plan has reached to 225.568 Lac M. Tons, 1607.633 million and 14.202 lac kg. respectively.
141. In the present scenario the agricultural growth has slow down and scope for increasing agricultural production is limited. Hence to provide employment improve economical situation of the weaker section and enhance the growth in the agricultural sector is essential that Animal Husbandry schemes be reviewed to enhance the productivity through animal produce.
Production
Item Unit Xth Plan Ach
2011-12 (At the end of XIth Plan)
At the end of 2013-14
Target Ach Target Ach
1 Milk Lac MT 180.946 225.06 225.568 272.318 241.939
2 Eggs Million Nos. 813.51 1291.94 1607.633 1409.902 1812.232
3 Wool Lac kg. 14.61 23.76 14.202 24.720 14.725
Services
Item Xth Plan Ach
2011-12
(At the end of XIth Plan)
At the end of 2013-14 2014-15 Target
Target Ach Target Ach
Vaccination ( in lac) 345.19 866.26 608.09 873.90 712.00 1669.77
Artificial Insem (in lac) 23.76 60.00 55.00 70 71.34 75
Castration(in lac) 7.19 12.11 10.8 12.93 13.88 13.936
Treatment (in lac) 194.30 299.25 250.33 301.65 319.12 302.860
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142. Uttar Pradesh is the largest milk producing State in the country for last many years with the contribution of approximately 1/5th of the total production of the country. Buffalo contributes significantly in total milk production of the State with the approximate contribution of 70%. Per capita per day availability of milk in U.P. is 314 grams while the National average is 281 grams per day against the minimum requirement of 280grams per day per capita as recommended by ICMR.
143. State plays a vital role in meat production sector in the country. Uttar Pradesh is the largest exporter of processed frozen meat with the export of approximately more than Rs.700 crores annually. Buffalo meat is the main source of meat production and export and upto some extent sheep meat and goat meat also contribute in export. Average 121.280 kg. meat is produced from one buffalo. Meat production status of U.P. is as under-
144. For Improving governance in department and ensuring timely availability of services including quick disposal of grievances of livestock owners of the State, In year 2012-13 a Toll Free Help Line “Pashudhan Samasya Nivaran Kendra” has established at Animal Husbandry Directorate, U.P., Lucknow and it is running.
Breeding Services
145. There are 5043 A.I. Centers in the State which cater quality Breeding Services to the farmers. Breeding of Non-descript low productive Desi Cows is undertaken through high producing exotic breeds like Holstein Friesian and Jersey Bulls. An elaborate breeding policy is in vogue since year 2002 in the State with the main emphasis on breeding with H.F. Bulls. However, in under developed areas and on small Cow breeds breeding is preferred with Jersey Bulls. Exotic inheritance shall be limited up to the 50% of cross bred level. Simultaneously the emphasis is also given to the breeding of draft purpose breeds and also for the conservation and propagation of indigenous breeds. Breeding in buffaloes is undertaken by the improved native breeds like Murrah and Bhadawari.
146. For catering quality breeding services at the farmers door steps self employed paravets are working in the State. Simultaneously for streamlining breeding inputs supply the State Livestock Development Board is functional. Under improved breeding coverage, Artificial Insemination is conducted through A.I. Centers, LEO Centres, paravets and NGOs along with infertility management through infertility camps.
147. State has three deep frozen semen stations situated at Chakganjaria, Lucknow, Babugarh, Ghaziabad and Manjhara (Khiri) which produce quality semen straws and maintain quality bulls. For ensuring natural breeding, quality bulls are distributed in the field. Improved breeding services are ensured by Uttar Pradesh Livestock Development Board (UPLDB) established under NPCBB, Govt. of India.
Disease Control
148. Disease Control and Animal Health Management services are catered by 2200 Veterinary Hospitals, 2575 Stockman Centers and 268 D Class Dispensaries. Apart from this other supporting diagnostic infrastructure and one biological product institute is also functional in the State.
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149. Treatment, Vaccination and other disease control activities are undertaken by Veterinary Hospitals and centers at the village level in districts. Vaccination against deadly livestock diseases viz H.S., B.Q., Foot and mouth disease, PPR, RD,FP etc. is undertaken by the department. Under GOI assisted FMD-CP programme approx. 1.2 crore animals of 20 districts of western Uttar Pradesh are vaccinated within a specified period of time. Under ASCAD vaccination campaign has taken up in 55 districts of U.P. with the extensive coverage of Foot and Mouth disease control programme, PPR eradication programme in 27 districts of the state and H.S. in all 75 districts of state.
150. For tackling the emerging extensive problem of infertility in livestock, infertility control programme has already been under taken in the state with the organization of 12000 infertility control camps in all the 75 districts of the state. There is one Biological Product Institute in department situated at Lucknow which produces 12 types of vaccines. There are 11 Disease Diagnostic labs, 10 Rabies control units and 9 sterility units for disease diagnosis and surveillance. CADRAD, IVRI Bareilly act as referral labs for the state.
Feed & Fodder development
151. State has a shortage of green fodder, dry fodder and compounded feed to the extent of 31.91%, 7.20% and 48.68% respectively. The livestock mainly depend on green & dry fodder. The area under fodder cultivation is limited to about 8.78 lac hect. and it is not easy to increase the area under fodder since an indirect competition exist between fodder production and cereal production for human consumption. The agricultural crop residues mostly are being utilized for animal feeding. Infrastructure of feed & fodder sector needs to be strengthened.
152. Presently the fodder development programme in the state is limited up to the supply of quality fodder seeds mini-kits, improvement of celluloses waste as fodder and development of silvi-pasture in the state.
153. Fodder seed mini kits are provided by Govt. of India seasonally and distributed to the farmers. Apart from above, Govt. Livestock Farms also produce fodder seeds for distribution to the farmers.
154. Programmes for establishment of fodder banks and fodder block making units have been taken in Bundelkhand Region for ensuring fodder availability in the region during scarcity. Programme of nutritional supplementation is proposed to be taken through out the State.
Poultry Development
155. In poultry sector, large & medium sizes of layer and broiler farm are owned mostly in private sector in the State. Near about 1604.633 million eggs are produced annually in the state. In the State, poultry sector is unorganized. No facility/plant is available for processing the poultry produce in the state. Although states have so many big and small broiler hatcheries but all are unorganized. State's produce are not able to fulfill the demand of egg & chicken meat in the state. So the eggs are imported from other states, like Andhra Pradesh, Haryana & Punjab. For backyard chick production department of Animal Husbandry running 12 parent hatchery cum production farm and one Quail farm.
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156. Poultry includes fowl, ducks and other domestic birds. Total numbers of poultry in state of UP is 178.79 lac. In spite of large potential, state procures 1 crore eggs daily and 972 lac broiler chicks annually from other States.
157. For intensifying Poultry Production in the state support in infrastructure buildup, establishment of price support for eggs, promotion of maize cultivation, increase in both area under cultivation and productivity per hec., effective disease surveillance system and vaccination support is required.
158. In rural area poultry production needs bird with a low input and high producing poultry strain. Low input high producing gene strain have been developed at central poultry breeding farm which is to be popularized multiplied & introduced at large scale in rural poultry back yard sector. Marketing structure shall be developed in cooperative sector. Establishment of backyard poultry units through Govt. of India support and establishment of broiler units of 500 bird capacity under RKVY is being taken on large scale. Apart from backyard poultry, programmes are being taken for development of entrepreneurship in this sector through the schemes of 10% interest subvention to the poultry farmers, interested in commercially production of table eggs and one day old broiler chicks.
Employment Generation
159. To provide self employment and services of Artificial Insemination, vaccination and castration 836 Paravets have been trained through Uttar Pradesh Livestock Development Board and 2358 Paravets have been trained through Uttar Pradesh Diversified Agriculture Support Program. They have been deployed in their own villages and rendering the services of AI timely to the livestock owners at their doorstep. On one hand this has increased the interest of the farmers in animal husbandry and made provision of self-employment to the rural unemployed youths. In the year 2007-08 213 Paravets in 2008-09 1736 Paravets, in 2009-10 963 Paravets, in 2010-11 805 and in 2011-12 444 Paravets, were trained and deployed. These paravets are rendering service of vaccination, castration and fodder development under the supervision of qualified veterinarians of the area.
160. To develop entrepreneurship in Animal Husbandry sector various programme has taken up in 2014-15:-
Kamdhenu Yojna- Interest free loan for 100 cattle/buffalo unit of superior breed to establish one unit & such 350 units in the state has proposed in year 2014-15. A mini Kamdhenu Yojna of Establishing 50 cattle/buffalos of superior breed in one unit & such 2500 units in the state has proposed in year 2014-15
Goat Farming Unit- Under RKVY large goat unit of 100 goats shall be established in each district of the state in year 2014-15.
Poultry Sector- 10% bank interest subvention for establishing 30000 bird capacity layer farm/ 10000 bird capacity broiler parent farm along with other assistance has proposed.
Under RKVY broiler farmer scheme to establish 500 broiler bird units in each district of the state has taken up.
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Constraints
Low coverage of animal health services
161. At present 2200 veterinary hospitals, 268 "D" class dispensaries and 2575 L.E.O. centers, 5 Polyclinic, 26 mobile veterinary clinics are mainly providing animal health service. This contributes to livestock coverage of one hospital per more than 15000 livestock population which is far below the norm recommended by National Agriculture Commission. (one veterinarian / 5000 animals).
Absence of sufficient disease surveillance & diagnostic network
162. There is a central disease diagnostic lab and 10 regional diagnostic labs, besides three Pullorum disease diagnostic lab, one T.B., Johnin & Brucellosis T.B. lab and one mastitis control diagnostic lab are providing the diagnostic need of the department. This is highly insufficient considering the number and varied type of livestock distributed on a vast area.
Annual Plan 2014-15
New Initiatives Kamdhenu Dairy Yojna- To develop entrepreneurship in dairy sector, establishing large unit
of cattle/buffalo (100 animal capacity) of superior breed has proposed in year 2013-14. Under this scheme interest free loan provided to unemployed person along with input assistance to establish dairy unit in each districts of the state. Thus along with increased milk production, high pedegree bulls and heifers in adequate no. will be available in the state.
Kamdhenu Yojna- Interest free loan for 100 cattle/buffalo unit of superior breed to establish one unit & such 350 units in the state has proposed in year 2014-15. A mini Kamdhenu Yojna of Establishing 50 cattle/buffalos of superior breed in one unit & such 2500 units in the state has proposed in year 2014-15
Poultry Development Promote Private sector for establishing organized poultry industry in the state.
Exemption of different taxes and some rebate on establishing poultry industry in the state and on poultry equipment.
Development of marketing facilities.
Promotion of Backyard Poultry keeping in rural areas
Strengthening of state Poultry farms/Hatcheries.
Exemption from stamp duty on land registration.
163. Backyard Poultry Development Programme- Is for poor men and women of SC/ST category only and is funded by Samaj Kalyan Vibhag. For the year 2014-15 the target set is the establishment of 30000 units .In this scheme one beneficiary will get 50 chicks of low input technology, 50 kg. poultry feed, Rs. 500/- for housing (Darba), Rs. 200/- for medicine. Provision for transportation and training of the
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beneficiary has also been made. The cost of one units is Rs. 3000/-. With this scheme the state will get nearly 9,98,43,750 eggs and 1497656 kg. of poultry meat with employment to 44375 individual per year.
164. Rural Backyard Poultry Development Programme - Is a 100% centrally sponsored scheme for poor men and women of BPL category. In this scheme mother units are established with the objective of rearing day old low input technology chicks upto 28 days and distributing them among beneficiaries through Chief Veterinary Officers of the district in 2 installments of 4 months interval (45 chicks per beneficiary are given in installment of 25:20). One beneficiary get Rs.750/- for housing (Darba) and equipment of feeding and watering of chicks. The mother unit owner gets 20% subsidy of Rs. 1.00 lac for construction of poultry house required for rearing chicks upto 28 days and rearing cost of the chicks @ Rs. 30/- per chick. There is also a provision of interest free loan of Rs. 36000/- per mother unit by NABARD provided the mother unit owner has taken loan from the bank. For the year 2014-15 the demand for the establishment of 200 mother units for 60000 beneficiaries has been submitted.
Dairy Development
165. India with an estimated Milk production of 127.30 million MT during the year 2011-12 with about 304.4(2007) million bovine population, India seems to have the largest cattle population in the world. The Dairy sector in our country contributes major share in the agricultural GDP. Country per capita availability of milk has been 281 grams / person /day in 2010-11.
Macro Impact The annual value of country’s milk production is estimated to about Rs. 262215 cr in 2010-11.
Dairy cooperatives generate employment opportunities for around 13.9 million farm families.
Livestock contributes about 23.53 % to the GDP from agriculture.
About 252.4 million people work in livestock sector .which is around 5.8% of the total work force in the country.
Status of Uttar Pradesh vis-a-vis other States(Cooperative sector) : Year 2010-11State No. of organized
SocietiesAvg. Milk Proc( lac Kgs/day)
Avg. Milk Sale/ Day(In lac ltr./Day)
Gujarat 14347 91.58 32.37Karnataka 12273 37.42 26.61Maharashtra 22378 30.34 20.17Rajasthan 16290 16.29 15.05Uttar Pradesh 21793 5.04 3.80Punjab 7069 10.37 8.02Haryana 7019 5.11 3.62
Courtesy: NDDB.
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166. Department of Dairy Development is functioning under the administrative control of the Milk Commissioner since 1976.The Dairy sector in the State with a network of 13369 (2011-12) Dairy Cooperative Societies, 59 District Milk Unions and the Pradeshik Co-operative Dairy Federation (PCDF) at the State level are providing employment to 6.39 lacs in the 11 th plan. Small & Marginal Farmers and Landless Agricultural laborers. The average daily milk procurement is 6.495 lacs kg/day (2011-12) and liquid milk sale is 3.74 laces liters per day (2011-12). The State is major supplier of liquid milk to Mother Dairy in the NMG.
Progress and Achievement of 11th Plan
(figures in ‘000)
Particulars(Year of Operation)
FunctionalSocieties
Membership Milk Procurement(Av. Kg/day)
Milk Sale(Av. Ltr./day)
Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach. Target Ach.1 2007-08 19.12 13.84 973.00 763.00 1283.00 930.00 1083.00 791.002 2008-09 23.10 14.36 1181.00 646.00 1560.00 816.00 1360.00 716.003 2009-10 27.07 13.47 1399.00 638.00 1552.00 596.00 695.00 412.004 2010-11 32.04 12.58 1614.00 628.00 2141.00 642.00 765.00 408.005 2011-12 35.01 13.37 1821.00 614.37 2423.00 649.52 841.00 374.01
Constraints
167. Inadequate Finance has been the major constraint that has affected the performance on various fronts. A direct implication/ affect of this core constraint can be visualized in the area of marketing that also affects the income of the Federation which is as below.
Lack of proper/ sufficient infrastructure to move into new products / market areas.
Poor Cool Chain and logistics effecting the quality.
Lack of direct investment in the areas of Technical Input Services.
Limited Product Range.
Poor investments in the area of Sales Promotion/ Advertisement.
Annual Plan 2014-15
Assistance to Cooperatives
168. Keeping in mind the hardships suffered by milk producers of those milk unions, which have accumulated losses, the Government of India providing assistance to such Milk Unions, so as to offset the losses and make them viable through suitable rehabilitation plan. This scheme is on 50:50 sharing basis between GOI and the concerned State government wherein it has been laid down that only such rehabilitation plan for Milk Unions would be considered where the State government agrees to provide matching contribution of rehabilitation assistance.
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Automatic Milk Collection Units
169. Over a period of time, the milk producers’ faith & trust in cooperative society structure has started eroding from lack of transparency and objectivity in milk pricing and payment . To overcome this and regularize the faith into the system, automation and mechanization of procurement system has been taken up at a vast scale during the 11th Plan. In the 11th five Year plan (2007-12), 4915 AMCUs has been provided and 4667 AMCUs established.
170. When Milk is extracted, it is at around 37 Degrees C. it milk continues to remain at room temperature after extraction, bacterial growth will affect the quality of the milk. Only rapidly cooling milk immediately after extraction to a temperature of around 4 Degrees C and maintaining it at this temperature minimizes further micro-organism growth. Thereby ensuring that milk remains as fresh as it was when extracted.
171. Bulk Milk Cooler (BMC) is used to reduce the temperature of the milk at VDC level for in immunizing growth of bacteria which in turn would improve shelf life of the milk. The BMC rapidly cool milk and also ensure that the quality of milk remains high and keeps milk fresh when it reaches the milk processing plant.
Encouragement of Milk Producers under the Co-operative Sector – GOKUL PIRUSKAR
172. In the above Programme , one milk producer from each district is rewarded for procuring maximum milk for his / her Milk Union. The reward constitutes of Rs. 22000.00 in cash and a momentum in brass..
Revitalization/ Consolidation & Expansion of Existing Milk Unions/ Societies
173. Co-operative institutions at all level needs consolidation and revitalization so that the ever-expanding umbrella of Cooperatives is able to serve the very purpose of their existence. To have a deeper penetration in rural areas, additional new societies will be organized. This major head is to cover a whole gamut of expenditures in the area of Modernization of Existing Functional DCS/ Organization of New DCS/ Community Milking Parlors /Managerial subsidy/ Transport Subsidy/ Cans for Procurement & Marketing for the Milk Unions/ and Working Capital for Milk Union.
Encouragement to milk producers and societies for enhancement productivity & production with technical input programme: -
174. Despite being the largest contribution of milk production and cattle in the country, U.P. is far behind in productivity. Standards as compared to Karnatka, Gujrat, Maharashtra and Rajasthan there are various reasons attributation to this phenomenon mainly – large no. of non descript animals, low rate of genetic breed improvement, poor quality of feed and fodder, micro mineral deficiency, lack of sanitary practices and poor health management. Unless we address their issues in a holistic and comprehensive way, productivity- enhancement will remain distant dream. The State has to reciprocate the national goal of productivity and production of enhancement for national food security. The technical input programmes in the form of extensive and intensive genetic breed improvement through AI and high quality bull natural
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service, balance feed & fodder and supplementing micro nutrients. Feed to make good for mineral deficiency, better health management and scientific production practices.
Governance Reforms.
175. In primary village level milk co-operative societies and milk unions the traditional system of weighing, testing etc. was the question mark about the transperancy of the system being adopted. In 11 th
five year plan the new initiatives have been taken under the schemes strengthing of dairy development in rural areas and market intervation operation so as to display the quantity, fat& snf by the computerized manner. This will certainly boost the faith of the farmers and increase the integrity and loyality towards co-operatives.
176. Despite that under the scheme of computerization all the 70 districts are being covered by networking prosess so as to strengthen the communication system data transfer from primary level co-operative societies to central societies( milk unions) and finally apex level P.C.D.F./Milk Commssioner Office .
Fisheries177. Fish, the most important global foodstuff enriched with high protein contents, minerals and vitamins, worldwide accepted due to high medicinal & nutritious value. It has got well recognition in our society as symbol of prosperity. Besides, it has been an important source of employment since time immemorial. Today also approximately 60% of traditional fishers’ population extracts their livelihood from it. As a profession, it has tremendous scope as many more people change their feeding habit and enjoy fish delicacy.
178. U. P. is one of the major landlocked states having the most densely population and rural people mostly suffering from malnutrition. U.P bestowed with plenty of water bodies in the form of ponds, lakes, beels, oxbow lakes, reservoirs, canals, water logged areas and the rich Gangetic riverine system that offers immense potential for fresh water aqua-culture. The present level of fish production & productivity do not correspond to the actual potential of water resources and need to harness by adopting new technology and creating public awareness. About forty years back, some people started fish farming as hobby pertaining to fulfill their taste which result into poor fish production. The lack of awareness towards appropriate technical know-how made the situation unsatisfactory and offering less opportunity to explore the water resources for fish production at optimum level. However, the scenario has been gradually being changed with the advent of centrally sponsored district level Fish Formers Development Agencies (F.F.D.As.), which came into existence in the year 1982 and onwards.
179. The details of available water resources & their coverage in U.P. are given below.
Status of U.P. Fisheries among inland states
180. The total estimated inland fish production of U.P. at the end of year 2012-13 is approximately 4.50 lac mt. ton against total national inland production of about 63 lac metric tons. Uttar Pradesh stands third
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largest inland fish producer after West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh against the national production of 63 lac MT.
Priorities, Strategies and Moniterable targets of 12th plan
Priorities:- Maximum utilization of water resources for fish production.
Enhancement in total fish production & productivity by dissemination & technology transfer.
Additional employment generation through aquaculture.
Promotion of integrated fish farming, fish processing & marketing to create additional income avenues.
Preservation of indigenous fish species through river ranching.
Improvement of socio-economic condition of down fishermen: Construction of Fishermen houses.
Provide accidental insurance to active fishermen from any untoward happenings.
To propagate awareness regarding the up keepment of natural water resources for under ground water recharging.
Monitorable targets An annual increase in fish production growth rate from 7.4%to13%.
Enhancement in total annual fish production from 2.9 lakh tons to 4.30 lakh tons at the end of 11th five year plan.
Enhancement of fish productivity level from 2.8 tons/ha/yr to 4 tons ha/yr at the end of 11 th
five plan.
Allotment of lease of 4500 ha. of water area for fish production & construction of 500 ha. area of new private pondsyear.
Enhancement of fish seed production from 120 crores to about 170 crores.
Promotion of diversified aquaculture: Fresh water prawn culture & Ornamental fish production.
Construction of 1600 fishermen houses year.
Provide risk insurance to 1.35 lakhs active fishermen against any accident.
Strategies:- Allotment of lease of ponds vested in rural areas through drives will be carried out so that
many more water areas can be brought under fish culture.
Construction of new ponds in private sectors to be encouraged.
Active participation of private sector in fish seed production will be carried out.
48 Departmental fish farms will be made functional to produce additional quality fish seed.
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Special emphasis will be given to impart training & extension/ transfer of technology, strengthening of markets & retail shops.
Strengthening of Fisheries cooperative sectors.
Strengthening of database, departmental laboratories as well as training centers.
Construction of fishermen houses and establishment of hand pumps.Physical & Financial Progress of 11th five year plan (2007-12) & Target proposed for 2014-15
Item Level at the end of 11th five year plan Target proposed for 2014-15Target Achievement
Lease of ponds (ha) 8000 4114.29 4500Addl: Water area under fish culture (ha) 10000 5509 500Water logged area brought under fish culture (ha) 359.00 359.00 200Water area brought under cat fish/prawn culture(ha) 13 13 20Establishment of mobile fish parlour (no) 05 05 50Insurance of fishermen beneficiaries (No) 120000 120000 1,35,000Fishermen Houses 444 287 1600Training of fishermen (No) 3200 3242 5000Fish seed production (Millions) 1500 1433.70 1700.02
181. Since the activity of department of Fisheries is based on allotment of rural ponds/tanks on lease, which is carried out with the help of Revenue Department. Hence the proposed target of 8000 ha. is subject to approval from hon' ble Revenue board.
National Fisherman welfare (Fisherman Houses)
182. This scheme is centrally sponsored in which central share contributes 50% fund. The main component of the scheme is to provide financial assistance for the construction of houses to the beneficiaries of fisherman community like Indira Awas Yojna who are profession the active fishers & living below poverty line. The unit cost of the house is Rs. 50,000/-. Up to the year 2013-14, 22,240 houses have been constructed, and for the year 2014-15, 1600
Data base information networking for the fisheries sector
183. This is a centrally sponsored scheme to collect, maintain and evaluate information about fisheries activities for the development of data base on computerized network for better utilization of information technology in this sector. All 75 districts & 18 regional and head office of fisheries department in the state will be covered under this scheme for the purpose. Central government will bear total expenditure (100%) of this programme.
Fish Farmers Development Agency
184. This Scheme is centrally sponsored & the funding pattern of the scheme is 75:25 (75% Central share & 25% State share). The main component of the scheme are Renovation of existing tanks/construction of new ponds in private sector and provision of first year input viz. Fish seed, Feed & Fertilizers etc & the unit cost is Rs. 75,000/-, Rs 3,00,000/- & 50,000/- per ha. respectively. As per administrative approval of GOI 20% subsidy is provided to the beneficiaries of general category and 25% subsidy admissible for the SC and ST.
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Fishermen Accidental Insurance Scheme
185. This is a centrally sponsored scheme to protect life risk of active fishermen of unorganized & organized fishermen community engaged in fisherman avtivities. Presently insured amount of Rs. 1.00 lac in case of death & permanent disability & Rs. 0.50 lac for partial disability. Premium amount of Rs. 29/- per annum is shared equally on 50:50 by central and state government. During the year 2012-13 1.25 lac fishermen has been covered under the scheme and for the year 2013-14 coverage of 1.30 lac fishermen is proposed, for which an outlay of Rs. 18.85 lacs is proposed as 50% state share.
River ranching
186. This scheme is centrally sponsored. The funding pattern is 75:25 (75% Central share & 25% State share). The main aim of this scheme is to protect the culturally species of Indian and exotic carps in the main rivers of the state, especially in Genetic system. Larger sizes of fingerlings of about 40 to 50 mm are to be stocked at identified & restricted fishing zones of the rivers concerned. The Government of India has fixed a maximum limit of 2.00 lac per state. The scheme is implemented in the state since 2008-09.
NFDB
187. This scheme is launched by National Fisheries Development Board under which 90% of the requirement of the fund will born by the board and only 10% share to be reimbursed by the state government to the board. The main component of the scheme are importing raining programme of fish farmers & department officials, establishment of the demonstration site, second dose assistance for the promotion of mini hatcheries established in private sector, development of tanks, reservoirs and water bodies and for setting up new Hatcheries in private sector. The establishment of 18 Mini fish seed hatcheries (one each in divisions)
Mobile Fish Parlour
188. This is a state sector scheme for the establishment of mobile fish parlor in major cities through PPP mode. The unit cost of this innovative scheme is about Rs. 5.5 lac against which 30% subsidy will be provided as incentive and rest 70% cost will be borne by the beneficiary as bank loan or by his own resources. The main aim of the scheme is to made available properly dressed and cooked fish product on reasonable rates in hygienic condition..
Development of water logged area
189. This is a state sector scheme launched since 2008-09 for the development of useless water logged area for fish culture. The unit cost of the scheme is Rs. 1.25 lac/ha against which 80% to 90% subsidy is provided to the beneficiaries of General categories & SC/ST respectively and the rest 20% to 10% will be born by the beneficiaries by their own resources.
Prawn Culture:
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190. This is a state sector scheme to facilitate prawn culture in the inland waters of the state. This innovative scheme is implemented since 2010-11 in the state. The unit cost of the scheme is Rs. 50,000/- per 0.5 ha of water area, for the cost of seed & feed against which 50% subsidy is to be provided to the beneficiaries and rest 50% will be borne by the beneficiaries from their own resources.
Forest191. Forests play an important role in economic development and ecological stability. Forests provide numerous services such as environmental and ecological stability necessary for human sustenance. Forests are inevitable on earth for well being of mankind. They are not just the green cover we need to make the earth look beautiful; they have many functions integral for our survival and subsistence. They function as a resource for many aspects of human life.With the development of civilization, large areas have been cleared to make way for farm, mines, towns and roads. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State of India. Its northern part adjoins with Nepal & Shiwalik. The boundaries of Uttar Pradesh touch Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan in the West, Madhya Pradesh in the South and Bihar in the East. Geographically, Uttar Pradesh is surrounded with Shiwalik mountain range of Himalays in the North. The river Yamuna and the Vindhyan in the west and Gandak river in the east.
192. The State has typical variety of soil, which is arrvial deep brown, loamy in certain places, and mixed with sand. The soil is acidic, shallow and contains gravels and stones. The western plains have fertile soil. Down the Pilibhit, some parts of soil are acidic while rests contain alkaline properties.
193. Uttar Pradesh has forest and tree cover of 21720 sq. km, which is 9.01% of its geographical area. The existing flora in Uttar Pradesh can be classified into three categories-
Wet tropical desiduous forests.
Dry tropical desiduous forests.
Tropical throny forests.
194. Forest supply many products like wood, plywood, fuelwood and charcoal. Pulp and paper are made from the cellulose of tree. Processed wood include plastics, synthetic fibres like rayon and nylon. Rubber tree goes to make tyres and wide range of rubber goods. Fruits, nuts and species are gathered from the forest. Many medicinal plants such as camphor, cinchona and coca also come from forests. They provide a habitat for many types of different animals and nesting places for animals, which reproduce. Forests cool air temperature by release of water vapor into air. They helps in keeping environment healthy and beautiful.Wild life of the state is its cultural asset.They maintain ecological “balance of nature” and maintain food chain and nature cycle. Most important contribution of wildlife for human progress is availability of large genepool for scientists to carry breeding programmes in agriculture; animal husbandry and fishery. They also provide employment to a large population engaged in their protection, tending, harvesting and regeneration. Villages and tribal groups near any forest area depend on forests for almost all aspects of life. The produce of forests is often used for consumption by these local
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people.They help in soil and water conservation, promoting rural economy, which largely depends upon agriculture.
Forest and tree cover Area in Sq.Km.
1 State's geographical area 240 9282 Recorded forest area 165833 Forest cover 143384 Tree cover 73825 Forest and tree cover 217206 Forest and tree cover against geographical area 9.01%
Source: State forest report 2011, published by forest survey of India.
Position of Forestry and wildlife sector as compared to India (Sq. km.) Item India U.P.
1 Geographical Area 3287263 2409282 Recorded Forest Area 769538 16583a Reserved Forest 422536 11660b Protected Forest 213982 1420c Unclassed Forest 133020 3503 Percentage Recorded Forest Area 23.41% 6.88%3 Forest Cover 692027 14338a Very Dense 83471 1626b Moderately Dense 320736 4559c Open Forest 287820 8153 Percentage of Forest Cover 21.05% 5.95%4 Tree Cover 90844 7382 Tree Cover % 2.76 3.065 Total Forest and Tree Cover 782871 21720 Percentage of Forest and Tree Cover 23.81 9.01
State of Forest Report 2011, Published by Forest Survey of India.
National Afforestation Programme (FDA)
195. In order to ensure people's participation in afforestation activity, National Afforestation Programme is being implemented through forest development agencies. In Uttar Pradesh, total 72 FDAs have been constituted at Forest Division level. As per new guid lines of GOI, State Forest Development Agency, Uttar Pradesh has been constituted. GOI releases funds to SFDA for distribution to different FDAs. The programme is being implemented through Joint Forest Management Committees set up under joint forest management rules.
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Medicinal Plant Board
196. At present 90% collection of medicinal plants from wild. Current practices of harvesting are unsustainable and unorganized. Systematic cultivation of many medicinal plants needs specific cultural practices and agronomical requirements. These should be species wise depending on soil, water and climatic conditions. Conservation and development of medicinal plants makes a beginning in the following directions:-
Maintenance of essential ecological process and live support system on which human survive and economic activity depend.
Preservation of species and genetic diversity.
With the rapid increase in population with the demand of raw material has increased many times while the sources remain the same or is declining. This has created a wide gap between supply and demand. This needs Ex-situ plantation of medicinal plants.
197. National Medicinal Plants board department of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India has been approved Rs. 489.36 lakh for the year 2009-10 to 2013-14. Rs. 480.85 lakh has been released by National Medicinal Plant Board to U.P. for Jhansi, Jalaun, Lalitpur, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrakoot, Renukoot, Sonebhadra, Obra, Mirzapur, Allahabad, Chandoli, Gonda, Gorakhpur, Sohagibarwa, Baharaich, North Kheri, Pilibhit, Bijnore Social Forestry, Bijnore forest division (Najibabad) and Shiwalik (Saharanpur), Agra,Bareilly, Muradabad, SouthKheri, Shahjahanpur, Raibareilly and Rampur forest division of Uttar Pradesh.
National Bamboo Mission Project in Uttar Pradesh
198. Uttar Pradesh is situated towards North-East of the country. Total Geographical area of Uttar Pradesh is 2,40,920 Sq Km. Total area including tree and forest cover of the State is 21,720 Sq.Km., which amounts to 9.01% of the geographical area of Uttar Pradesh (According to state of forest report, 2011). In the Vindhyan and Bundelkhand region Bamboo Forests exists in mixed forms, covering an area of 1,40,000 ha which includes natural and planted bamboo and they are managed under the provisions laid down in Bamboo Working Circle. There are vast possibilities to increase the area of Bamboo Forests. In Uttar Pradesh the National Bamboo Mission project implementation began in the year 2007-08. National Bamboo Mission has selected the following species which are suitable for planting in forest as well as non-forest areas of Uttar Pradesh. The species are :-
Bambusa bambos Bambusa balcoa Dendrocalamus strictus Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Dendrocalamus asper Dendrocalamus gaigentious Bambusa nutans Bambusa tundla Bambusa vulgaris Melakana bessifera
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Objectives
199. Under the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India established National Bamboo Mission in December 2006. To achieve the goals of this mission the following objectives has been set by the National Bamboo Mission:-
Improvement and Development of existing bamboo forests.
Plantation of advanced species of bamboo in forest and non-forest areas.
To establish the nurseries of bamboo in private sectors.
To increase the coverage of area under bamboo in potential areas, with suitable species to enhance yields.
To promote marketing of bamboo and bamboo based products including handicrafts.
To establish convergence and synergy among stakeholders for the development of bamboo.
To improve economic level and generate employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled poor people especially unemployed youths.
Bamboo Project
200. The Bamboo project is being implemented in the non- forest as well as forest areas of 36 forests divisions of Uttar Pradesh.
Forest Policy and Strategy for increasing Forest and Tree cover:
Forest Policy
201. Basic objective of National Forest Policy-1988 is to maintain environmental stability, to check soil erosion and to increase forest/tree cover. National Forest Policy envisages 33% of the land to be brought under forest and tree cover. The forest and tree cover at national level at present is approximately 23.81% whereas for UP the same figure is 9.01.
202. As per guidelines of Govt. of India:
It was proposed to increase forest and tree cover to 25% by year 2007 and 33% by 2012.
This stupendous task could not be performed in the given time frame beacause of a number of limiting factors. However, under the circumustance of pressing constraints it is proposed to increse forest and tree cover to 20% by 2019-20
Strategy of State for afforestation
203. In order to accomplish the above mentioned target, the state is endeavoring for massive afforestation programme wherin people's participation is going to play a major role. The increase in tree and forest cover hinges at land availabilty in the state, which is as follows.
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AVAILABILITY OF LAND FOR AFFORESTATION:
Types of Land Area (Ha.) % of State geographical area
Usar and non agricultural land 498600 2.07
Waste Land 437300 1.82
Permanent Pasture, and land covered with bushes 429400 1.78
75% of waste land 1351125 5.61
Total Available land 2716425 11.28
Existing Forest and Tree Cover (as per State
Forest Report 2011)
2172000 9.01
Total Forest and Tree Cover to be achieved 4888425 20.29 or say 20%
204. Future Strategy for afforestation to the targeted limit would involve the following components.
People are Envolvement for massive afforestation.
Resource mobilization.
Soil and moisture Conservation in forest area.
Grassland management along with trees.
Capacity building of staff.
Strengthening of Forest Awareness Centre.
Forest Certification and Sustainability.
Forest Resource Survey.
205. In view of the land available for plantations in Uttar Pradesh increase in forest and tree cover can achieved upto 20% only.
Forestry Sector
Strengths The natural forests of the state support flora and fauna and thus protect diverse forms of bio-
diversity.
Participatory approach has been followed in management of forests after the state accepted JFM as a tool of development. Department has well trained staff. Research and training institutes are established.
Joint Forest Management (JFM) a joint venture of local communities in planting and Management of Forest Resources has been successfully carried out in Uttar Pradesh.
Constraints & Problems
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206. Lower priority sector owing to ignorance and negligence. Poverty, pollution & population pressure (human & animals). Widening demand & supply gap, market imperfection and subsistence level dependence of local communities on forest. Forests are very much affected by fire, encroachment and illicit felling. U.P. Forests are under intense biotic pressure due to increased population.
Wild-life Conservation
207. One National Park and 24 Wild Life Sanctuaries are situated in the State of U.P. covering area of 5714 Sq. kms. The development of these protected areas is primarily done through the three Centrally Sponsored Schemes namely “Project Tiger”, Project Elephant” and “Integrated Development of wild life Habitats.” For the conservation and development of wetlands “National Plan For Conservation of Aquetic Eco-System” is being implemented with financial support of Government of India”. The objectives of wildlife Conservation is protection of wild life and improvement of habitat.
Innovative Ideas
Development of Green Belt in Every District
208. This project is proposed to be implemented in 75 districts of the state with a view to inhance green belt in Uttar Pradesh in which 8-12 feet plant will be planted in every district and 3 to 4 sites will be developed as a Green Belt.
Conservation Bio-Diversity
209. Conservation of biodiversity is related to biological resources and with the maintenance of ecological stability and productivity. Conservation involves number of parameters such as number of species, their population, dynamics, distribution, habitat and climate and microhabitat physical environment.
Public-Private Partnership
210. The community participation has become a certainly for massive afforestation for which the involvement of people, creation sustainable institutions, awareness and the role if private Institutions/voluntary organizations is an essential component. This is an integral part of Forest Development Agency and some other schemes.
211. Status of various nurseries estabileshed during 2012-13 upto 31-03-2013 is as under:Types of nurseries Total No. of nurseries established
1 Departmental 11852 School 13 Kisan 2664 Private 734
Total:- 2186
State Sponsored Scheme:
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212. Establishment of Lion Safari Park in Etawah district: Lion Safari Park at Etawah is proposed to be established with a view to improve habitat for lion.
213. Eco-tourism development in Lakh Bahosi Bird Sanctuary, Kannauj and Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary, Unnao: Lakh Bahosi Bird Sanctuary, Kannauj and Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary, Unnao are precious and important tourism place for eco-tourism point of view. Under this scheme, high profile utility and eco-friendly facilities would be created.
214. Eco tourism development in Uttar Pradesh: Dudhwa National Park is a reputed and renowned park in Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh Government has proposed to develop high-class infrastructure by renovation and repairing work of roads and rest houses of Dudhwa National Park at Lakhimpur Kheri. This scheme will be unique in giving in new dimension and momentum to eco-tourism in Uttar Pradesh.
215. Renovation and improvement of Forest Rest House and Mini Zoo at Sarnath, Varanasi: Renovation work and improvement of Forest Rest House and Mini Zoo situated at Sarnath in Varanasi district will be done.
216. Bio-Diversity Centre, Kukrail Forest Block, Lucknow: A Bio-Diversity Park is proposed to create awareness, passion and humanity towords Wildlife and vast diversity in Uttar Pradesh.
During-2013-14.
Development of Taj Nature Walk:-Renovation of Taj Forest colony, Taj rest house, D.F.O. residence and other construction work would be done under this scheme.
Modernisation of Kanpur Zoo & Establishment of new child train:-Establishement of child train and modernization works is being done in Kanpur Zoo at Kanpur.
Modernisation of Lucknow Zoo & Establishment of new train in place of old child train:-Modernisation of Lucknow Zoo would be done under this scheme.
Development of Green Belt in every district:-This scheme is being implemented in all district of Uttar Pradesh to enhaunce green areas in Uttar Pradesh.
Management of Wildlife outside protected area:-Wildlife protection and development of its natural habit will be done to minimize wildlife and human conflict.
Van Bandobast Yojna:-Survey and Demarcation activities are proposed under this scheme is proposed to be implemented in Agra, Firozabad, Hamirpur, Mahoba, Banda, Chitrakoot, Hardoi, Kheri, Unnau and Chandauli.
Van Mahotsav & Prachar Prasar Yojna:-This scheme is being implemented in all districts of Uttar Pradesh. This will surely create a sensitvity and awareness towards wildlife.
Nursery Management Plan for Development of 8'-12' feet plants in Forest Nurseries:-In this scheme 8'-12' high plants are being prepared and maintain in forest nurseries for plantation in rainy season.
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Conservation of Wildlife at Amritpur/Raghupur, village at Etah district:- 18.337 ha. area is proposed to be planted during 2013-14 to 2015-16.
Plantation scheme funded by G.O.I.
National Afforestation Programme
217. National Afforestation Programme funded by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Govt. of India is being implemented through Forest Development Agency. The broad objectives of the scheme are as below:-
Ecological restoration & Environmental Conservation and Eco-development.
Fulfillment of broader objectivities of productivity, equity and sustainability for general need of the community.
To provide regular employment to the poor people of Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe communities.
To create community assets for the development which can help in eco-development?
To involve the village folk in planning & management of forest.
Other Schemes funded by GOI
218. Intensification of Forest Management (GOI share 75% and State share 25%): This scheme is being implemented for intensive management of forests. The component of the scheme are:
Forest fire control.
Infrastructure development
Working plan preparation.
219. Project Tiger (GOI share non recurring 100%+recurring 50%, State share recurring 50%): This scheme is being implemented for the development of natural habitats of tiger in Uttar Pradesh. The important activities of the project are as below:
Antipoaching initiatives.
Strenghtening infrastructure with tiger reserves.
Habitat improvement and water development.
Addressing man-animal conflicts.
Co-existence agenda in buffer/fringe areas with landscape approach.
220. Project Elephant (GOI share 100%): This scheme is being implemented only for elephant reserve declared by Ministry of Forest and Environment, GOI. The financial support from GOI is for protection and conservation of natural habitat of elephant, control of wildlife offence, checking of man-wildanimal conflicts, creation of awarness among local people etc under the scheme.
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221. National Plan For Conservation of Aquatic Eco-System (GOI share 70%):This scheme is being implemented under the wet land conservation progrmme of Ministry of Forests and Environment, GOI. The main objective of this scheme is given as under:
Protection of protected and non-protected wet land.
Improvement of natural habitats.
Treatment of catchment area.
Participatory management and monitoring.
222. Integrated Development of Wild Life Habitats (GOI share non recurring 100%+ recurring 50%, State share recurring 50%): This scheme is bing implemented for development and management of 24 bird sanctuaries and animal parks situated in Uttar Pradesh. Main objective of project is to conserve the wild life and improve the wildlife habitat.
Linkages and Co-ordination with other Sectors.
Forestry and Industry
223. The Industries has a linkage with the forestry as raw material for wood based industries are made available from existing forests and plantations of species of industrial importance.
Forestry and Agriculture/Horticulture
224. By way of plantation and soil conservation measures the quality of land under the control of this department can be improved.
Forestry and Animal Husbandry
225. At present, to feed the large number of cattle is a huge task. If the degraded forestland is put under fodder production, this will supplement the fodder production.
Forestry and Tourism
226. The tourism department has a strong linkage with forestry and wild life parks, sanctuaries can be developed in the State in turn will boost the prospects of tourism.
Forestry and Irrigation: -
227. The forestry activities especially the agro forestry can only be practiced when there is sufficient amount of irrigation facility. Thus there is a back ward linkage with irrigation department. Agro-forestry can be practices in these areas there is surety of irrigation.
Forestry and Gram Panchayats: -
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228. It is proposed to establish a nursery in each Gram Panchayats of all districts of U.P. So that requirements of plants for plantation be fulfilled from nearly Panchayats.
U.P. Forest Corporation 229. Extraction of timber and minor forest produce is being done by U.P. Forest Corporation. Collection of Tendu leaves is one of the major activities of this corporation. Forest Corporation pays royalty for the forest produce extracted from the forest of the State Government.
U.P. Forest Corporation Progress upto 2012-13Item Unit Production
Achievement Achievement Target2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Timber Cubic Metre 274414 309082 305353Fuel Wood Cubic Metre (Chatta Volume) 21368 28096 26928Bamboo Codi 68132 82803 80335Tendu Leaf Standard Bag 166491 281307 202717Bhabhar Grass Mtr ton 31 17 32Sale Rs. in lakh 33991 36114 36597
Revenue collection230. Forests are conserved and developed for environmental conservation. They are not treated as main source of revenue generation. Realization of royalty from U.P. Forest Corporation and some other means of revenue like, transport permit etc. generates revenue. Revenue from all sources collected during IX and X Five year Plan is given below:-
(Rs.in Lakh)Plan Period Revenue CollectedIXth Five Year Plan 57852.02Xth Five Year Plan 54752.29XIth Five Year Plan 139401.00
231. Target and achievement of revenue collection for XIth Five Year Plan and target achievement and for 2012-13and 2013-14 are given below:-
(Rs.in Lakh)Plan Period Target Revenue CollectedAnnual Plan 2007-08 18411 29099Annual Plan 2008-09 25896 26484Annual Plan 2009-10 30020 27290Annual Plan 2010-11 31500 28032Annual Plan 2011-12 33255 28496TOTAL-XIth Five Year Plan 139082 139401Annual Plan 2012-13 35253 33131Annual Plan 2013-14(Tentative) 35393 27484
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Uttar Pradesh Participatory Forest Management And Poverty Alleviation (Assisted By Japan Internation Co-operation Agency)
232. Government of Uttar Pradesh has launched the Uttar Pradesh Participatory Forestry Management and Poverty Alleviation Project with the assistance from Japan International Co-operation Agency (JICA) previously known as Japan Bank for International Co-operation (JBIC). The project period will be of 8 years (2008-09 to 2015-16) at an estimated cost of approximately Rs. 575.20 crores out of which JICA loan portion is Rs. 468.20 crores and rest Rs. 107.00 crores will be borne by the State Government.
233. The project aims at the participatory rehabilitation of degraded forests and the enhancement of the livelihood of the local people. Its basic objectives are to restore forests and to augment forest resources, secure sustainable forest management by improving forest administration, community organization and active participation of forest dependent communities. It also aims to improve the income of target forest dependents thereby alleviating poverty.
234. The project is being implemented in fourteen districts of U.P. namely Lakhimpur Kheri, Bahraich, Pilibhit, Mirzapur, Chandauli, Sonabhadra, Allahabad, Lalitpur, Mahoba, Hamirupur, Jhansi, Balrampur, Shrawasti and Chitrakoot embracing fifteen territorial forest divisions (Renukoot, Obra, Sonabhadra, Mirzapur, Allahabad, Lalitpur, Mahoba, Jhansi, Hamirpur, Chitrakoot, North Kheri, South Kheri, Bahraich, Shrawasti and Pilibhit) and five Wild Life Divisions (Dudhwa, Katarniaghat, Sohelwa, Kashi and Kaimur).
235. The most notable intervention under the project is for restoration of degraded forests along with enhancement of income of the people living close to such forests. The basic approach shall be the adoption of Joint Forest Management (JFM) and Eco-Development (ED), emphasis on non-wood forest produce (NWFP), community development and livelihood security enhancement, capacity building and ensuring sustainability. The Total Forest Intervention area in departmental mode and the Joint Forest Management mode under the project are 20200 ha and 60300 ha respectively. Activities like fixing boundary pillars, drainage line treatment, renovation of 118 permanent nurseries, establishment of two units of clonal nursery and two units of Non Wood Forest Produce Research Centres are also provided.
236. Unlike conventional forestry projects, the species to be planted will be decided by Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMCs) based on their requirements which will stress upon NWFP (non wood forest produce) and fodder grasses with minimum emphasis on timber species because the forest dependents (mostly the poor) can benefit directly from the extraction, consumption and marketing of these NWFPs Most project activities will be implemented by JFMCs and Eco Development Committees (EDCs). These JFMCs and EDCs are constituted under Joint Forest Management Rules 2002 and Eco-Development guidelines 1999 respectively. The area of intervention in Joint Forest Management mode will be in Village Forest declared under Joint Forest management Rules 2002. With the technical support of the Experts and Foresters, JFMCs and EDCs will formulate micro plans which will be incorporated in the plan of the Project. The work will be entrusted to the JFMCs and EDCs and the project cost will be paid to them for the execution of the works.
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237. In order to ensure successful implementation, the Project lays special emphasis on Capacity Building of the participating communities through thematic trainings, exposure visits and various institution building programmes. Training for all staff members of 56 partner NGO teams, members of 800 JFMCs and 140 EDCs and members of 2680 Self Help Groups (SHG) is provided.
238. The livelihood enhancement activities proposed in the project are aimed towards training of rural persons/village level workers to increase their skill which in turn will lead to enhanced income. These activities include medical health care camps, promotion of indigenous social medical practitioners, development of peer health group, development of village agricultural extension officer, development of village masons for better housing, promotion of micro insurance, extension of school buildings /construction of JFMC/EDC office buildings, improvement of link road, promotion of biogas and improved stove, promotion of Solar lamp and installation of drinking water facilities.
239. It also incorporates strong awareness campaign about environment and forests for the children in schools under ‘Children Forest Programme’ which will contribute to the conservation of forests and environment in the long run by encouraging the involvement of school children in plantation activities and by educating the students through environment related awareness programmes. This programme is to be implemented in Noida and Greater Noida, Lucknow, Varanasi, Allahabad, Kanpur and Agra districts. A total number of six hundred and fifty schools are estimated to be covered under it.
240. For effective planning, implementation and monitoring of this project the Project Management Unit has been constituted at State headquarter as an autonomous society under the Societies Registration Act 1860. At the field level Divisional Management Units and Field Management Units have been constituted at Forest Division and Range level, respectively. These are responsible for the implementation of the project in the field for which money will be allotted to them by the Project Management Unit.
Co-operation241. Cooperatives play a vital role to develop socio-economic condition of the people through democratic way with limited resources. Presently activities of cooperatives are limited in the following fields:-
Short term & Long term credit to the farmers.
Providing inputs (Fertilizers, seeds, pesticides etc.) to the farmers through PACS and other cooperatives.
Purchase of wheat & paddy under price support scheme.
Integrated cooperative development programme (I.C.D.P.)
Cooperative Education & Training programme.
Goals Increase ST loans from 3900 cr. to 7200 cr.
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Increase LT loan from 900 cr. to 1800 cr.
Increase Fertilizer distribution from 35.47 lac MT to 40.73 lac MT.
Increase seed distribution from 7.33 lac qtl to 9.20 lac qtl.
Enhance warehousing capacity from 22.15 lac MT to 29.24 lac MT.
Major and monitorable targets.
242. For the XIIth five year plan targets of different schemes are being proposed as follows:-Short term & Long term credit disbursement.
(Rs. In cr.)
YearTargets
Short term Long term1 2012-13 4365.00 1200.002 2013-14 4915.00 1350.003 2014-15 5500.00 1500.004 2015-16 6330.00 1650.005 2016-17 7200.00 1800.00
Fertilizer Distribution
(Unit In lac. M.T..)
YearKharif RabiTarget Target
2012-13 13.93 21.532013-14 14.48 22.222014-15 15.05 22.922015-16 15.65 23.672016-17 16.28 24.45
Seed Distribution (Unit In thousand Qtl.)
YearKharif RabiTarget Target
2012-13 30.00 730.002013-14 31.50 765.002014-15 33.00 800.002015-16 35.00 840.002016-17 37.50 882.00
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Annual Plan (2014-15)
Interest Subvention for crop loan to farmer at low rate of interest through Primary Agricultural Cooperative Credit Society (PACS)
243. In the aforementioned scheme farmers of the state are provided crop loan through PACS, at low rate of interest @ of 7%. Mostly 60 to 65% of crop loan disbursed to farmers is outstanding on them for on average period of 6 to 7 months. Timely recovery of loan is also between 60 to 65 %. Now, Interest Subvention of 3.70% is available on crop loan disbursed at the rate of 7%, in which the share of State Government and GOI is approximately 2.90% and 0.80 % respectively. Since interest is no calculated on the basis of loan amount disbursed but on the basis of loan amount outstanding (Actual number of days amount outstanding on farmers), as such the effective rate of 3.70% interest subvention is 2.25% approximately (1.90 % State Government of 0.35% pertains to GOI). There can be an increase or decrease of 10 to 15% based on loan amount outstanding or effect of amount recovered.
Govt. of India is providing interest subvention @ 3% to the prompt payee farmers. In addition to govt. of India State Govt. is also providing additional interest subvention to aforesaid category of farmers @ 1%. As such prompt payee farmers are provide crop loan @ of 3%, if farmers are provided crop loan at the aforementioned rate then Rs. 14812.00 lac is estimated expenditure for the year 2014-15.
Hon’ble Chief Minister has approved the proposal of providing crop loan up to Rs. 3.00 lac to prompt paying farmers at zero percent rate of interest. As such Rs. 7728.00 lac of addition funds would be required to provide loan to farmers under the aforementioned scheme.
Assistance for establishment cost for Haapur, Shamli and Sambhal District.
244. New districts namely Haapur, Shamli and Sambhal were created. For the smooth running of departmental activities, and supervision of schemes different type of posts as well as establishing an office in the District head quarter is required for which an outlay in tune of Rs 23.98 lac as recurring and non-recurring expenditure will be needed in year 2014-15
Integrated Cooperative Development Project (ICDP) ICDP is a NCDC sponsored assistance programme to strengthen the cooperative movement.
Under this programme cooperative societies are provided financial assistance in the form of loan and share capital to strengthen their infrastructure & business capacity.
Financial assistance is provided by state government mostly in the shape of loan and share capital as per funding pattern approved by N.C.D.C. N.C.D.C. provides 70% loan to the state government and 20% as Subsidy. Rest 10% is provided in the shape of subsidy to meet managerial cost of project implementation team, monitoring cell and for providing training to the office bearers and member of cooperative societies. Which is equally funded by state govt. and N.C.D.C, in ratio of 50:50.
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NCDC provides loan to the state Govt. and contribute 50% of the total subsidy cost which is used for meeting managerial cost of project implementation team. Monitoring cell and for human resource development of the members office bearers staff of the cooperative societies .
245. Twenty six districts have already been covered under I.C.D.P. Scheme. In, Faizabad , Mainpuri , Mau, Etawah, Balia muradabad, bareilly, Saharanpur, banda eatah, kanshiramnager, districts, I.C.D.P. projects are in progress. 2014-15
Irrigation
Major and Medium Irrigation
246. Economy of Uttar Pradesh is primarily an Agriculture based with about approximately 80% of total geographical area as agriculture land. In view of fast growing Population there is need of more agricultural production, for which it is required to bring more agricultural area under irrigation fast. Besides it the demand of water for industrial and drinking purpose is increasing. With a view of water management Major, Medium & Minor Irrigation Projects are being constructed using natural water resources. At present, there are approximately 74120Kms of canals, 28 Major & Medium lift canals, 246 Minor Lift Canals, 65 Reservoirs/Bundhis and 30133running state tube wells.
247. Uttar Pradesh has been divided into 4 economic zones for development work, 1-Bundelkhand zone, 2. Eastern zone, 3- Central zone, 4- Western zone.
248. Every economic zone is different from each other due to economic, environmental and population criteria.
249. The Irrigation Potential created uptoXth Plan is 120.73 Lakh ha. During XIth Plan 4.20 Lakh ha. Potential has been created. Hence the total Potential created uptoXIth Plan is 124.93 Lakh ha.
DISCHARGE OBSERVATIONS AND INFLOW
250. The quantum of surface water available for irrigation in the state assessed from above observations will be much lower than the above figure of 145.10 MAF, as provision to be made for share of water of other states by way of u/s and d/s demands and obligations. The state share will be about 99.06 MAF only.
Name of River Discharge observation site Annual inflow(MAF)
1
2
3
4
5
Ganga
Gandak
Ghaghra
Sone
Gomti
Varanasi
Valmiki Nagar
Turtipar
Chopan
Naighat
54.49
26.75
50.59
9.27
4.00
Total 145.10
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In addition about 32 MAF water are being harnessed by u/s project in operations. Thus the total surface water resource which can be developed by state including Uttarakhand is about 131 MAF. The Uttarakhand share of surface water is about 4.80 MAF. Thus the net water available for irrigation is about 126.20 MAF for state share.
GROUND WATER RESOURCES OF STATE UTTAR PRADESH (MAF -
Million acre feet)
251. The total surface water which can be exploited by state is about126.20 MAF. It is estimated that out the total surface water available only 71.20 MAF can be utilised for Irrigation purpose as 20 MAF shall have to earmark for drinking, ecology and industrial uses. Out of this 67.40 MAF of water has to be utilised through Major and medium Irrigation projects including the reservoirs and multipurpose projects located in Uttarakhand state and 3.80 MAF through minor surface scheme.
Progress
252. 61.15 MAF of surface water has been utilized through ongoing and completed Major and medium Irrigation projects up to XI Five Year Plan. Out of remaining 6.25 MAF of surface water 1.75 MAF water is proposed to be utilized through Major and medium Irrigation projects during XII Five Year Plan. Total 121.54 Lakh Ha. Potential can be created through Major and medium Irrigation projects and 6.28 Lakh Ha. Through minor Irrigation Projects i.e. total 128.36 Lakh Ha.Irrigation Potential can becreated through available 71.20 MAF of surface water.
IRRIGATION POTENTAL THROUGHMAJOR & MEDIUM IRRIGATION PROJECTS
1. Total available ground water 68.12 MAF
2.Un utilized water 6.81 MAF
3.Utilizable water resource 61.31MAF
4. Share of Uttar Pradesh 56.93 MAF
5. Reserved water for drinking 8.52 MAF
6. Water available for irrigation 48.42 MAF
7. Water utilized in irrigation 36.82 MAF
8. Balance for future irrigation 11.60 MAF
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Potential in Lakh HectareItem Total Pot.
Created1 Potential created by the end of X plan 83.192 Likely creation during XI plan (2007-2012) 2.18
Total (1+2) 85.373(a) (b)
Potential to be created through ongoing major and medium projects in XII plan.Balance potential of ongoing projects after XII plan
8.01-
Total- 3 8.01Potential Total (1+2+3) 93.38
4 (a) (b)
Potential to be created through new identified schemes in XII Plan Potential to be created through new identified schemes in U.P. in XIII and Subsequent Plan
0.4814.48
Total- 4 14.96Total (1+2+3+4) 108.34
5 To be created through schemes located in Uttarakhand. 13.20Total (1+2+3+4+5 ) 121.54
253. 85.38 Lakh Ha. Irrigation Potential through Major and medium Irrigation projects and 39.55 Lakh Ha. Irrigation Potential through minor Irrigation Projects i.e. total 124.93 Lakh Ha. Irrigation Potential been created by the end of XI Plan.
254. To provide Irrigation facilities to unirrigated areas of the state a target of Irrigation Potential creation was fixed as 1170.13 Th.Ha. through Major and medium Irrigation projects with an outlay of Rs.13506.92 crore during XI Five Year Plan. But due to non availability of required funds only 218.58 Th. Ha. Irrigation Potential could be created. The projects which could not be completed during XI Plan will be completed in XII Plan.
XII Five Year Plan
255. Ongoing Projects in XII Five Year Plan.e.g. Bansagar Projects, Saryu Canal Project, Madhya Ganga Canal Stage-II, Kachnauda Dam, Arjun Sahyak, Lahchura Dam, Kanhar Irrigation Scheme, Lower Rohani Dam, Utari Dam, Jamrar Dam, Pahari Dam, Bhaurat Dam etc. are proposed to be completed. During this plan period new proposed projects e.g. ViratSagar Dam, Panchnad Dam, Sukhanai Barrage, Bhagen Dam, Dhurwara Dam, Bhawani Dam, Hanthanikund Link channel stage-II, ShardaShayak stage-II are also proposed to be completed.
256. A new project, Kanhar Irrigation project has been sent to Central Government for funding under A.I.B.P., which is proposed to be completed during XII Plan, after sanctioning by C.W.C.
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257. Similarly Nabard funded ongoing projects in which main projects like, Lower Roiani Dam, Utari Dam, Jamrar Dam, Pahari Dam, Raj Ghat canal stage-II, I/C of Bhupaoli Pump canal, Restoration Ch.Ch. Singh Yamuna pump canal, Remodelling of Gyanpur pump canal, Restoration of Sone pump canal, Restoration of Dalmau-B pump canal, Restoration of Chillimal pump canal are proposed to be completed with-in time and new projects like Bandai dam(Proposed under NABARD) and Bhawani dam(Sanctioned under NABARD) are proposed to be completed during XII Five Year Plan after sanctioning under NABARD.
258. Thus, during XII Plan potential creation of 8.49 Lakh Ha. is likely to be created by completing nearly 25 Irrigation projects. By completing these projects Irrigation facilities will be developed in new Khaki areas.
259. Ongoing capacity Restoration projects, e.g. Restoration of Hardoi Branch, Restoration of ShardaShayak, Increasing capacity ofBhupaoli Pump canal, Yamuna Pump Canal, Gyanpur Pump Canal, SonPump Canal,Dalmau-B Pump Canal, Chillimal Pump Canal,Tanda Pump Canal, Upper Ganga Canal, Restoration of Azamgarh and Shahganj Branch, Dohrighat Pump Canal,Deokali Pump Canal, Zamania Pump Canal, Saryu Pump Canal,Kwano Pump Canal etc. are proposed to be completed during XII Plan. By completing all these projects Potential Restoration of 1558.88 Th.Ha. willbe done. This will minimize the gap between potential creation and its utilization.
U.P. Water Sector Restructuring Project
260. Some of Irrigation systems are very old. Their performance efficiency has continuously deterioted due to reduction in their conveyance, deferred maintenance andnon existence of modern management tools. Besides, modernization of canals system ,modern discharge measurement equipments, modernization of regulation gates etc. have not been taken up. The main objective of U.P. water sector restructuring project is modernization of canal system and also to promote automation works as in other parts of the world.
261. Project Report & Implementation Plan of U.P. water sector Restructuring Project Stage –II has been prepared for above works. Appox. cost of the project is Rs.3500.00 crore . The benefitted districts in this project are as under:-
Ghaghra-Gomti Basin-Barabanki, Raibareli and C.SJM.Nagar.
Bundelkhand Region-Lalitpur.The development work proposed in 7.35 Lakh ha. Area of Ken canal system, birma sub basin,Barua dam canal system, Jamini dam canal system.
Under Lower Ganga Canal System- Firozabad, Kasganj, Mainpuri, Farukhabad, Eta, Etawah, Kannauj, Auraiya, Kanpur Dehat, Kanpur city, Fatehpur and Kaushambi.
Strategy to Remove Technical, Organizational, Financial Hurdles
262. It takes lot of time to sanction schemes under AIBP. Project are framed on the basis of existing schedule of Rate where as it takes lots of time to start works after getting project sanctioned. It is required to reduce time taken sanction of project also it is required to get funds allotted in time. The provision to
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take up new projects only on completion of one ongoing project may be relaxed. All blocks of Mirzapur&Sonebhadra Region be declared as DPAP blocks. For new schemes to be taken up under AIBP Condition of advance stage of project be relaxed. Funds not released in current year should be released in subsequent year. At least 50% grant should be given under AIBP projects and the first installment be released in April/May. Process of land Acquisition be simplified, so that projects may not get delayed.
DETAILS OF GRANT RELEASED BY GOI UNDER AIBP TO UTTAR PRADESH (Rs in Crores)
Year Budget Provision
Required Grant Grant received Total balanceGrant
1 2005-06 674.2033 168.5508 133.1280 35.42282 2006-07 850.9400 212.7330 162.8354 49.91783 2007-08 864.3033 217.7975 131.6200 86.17754 2008-09 1024.9022 278.9537 253.6032 25.35655 2009-10 932.4600 275.9810 238.0820 37.45706 2010-11 1876.2915 599.0554 432.7382 166.31727 2011-12 1233.3733 537.6313 279.8435 346.66288 2012-13 1236.0497 697.2843 144.6375 682.64289 2013-14 1845.7528 1216.3755 595.725 620.6505
Total 10538.2761 4204.3625 2372.2138 2050.6049
Irrigation PotentialCreation and its utilization
263. Up to March,2014 Irrigation Potential created through major & medium and minor Irrigation projects is 126.51 Lakh ha., where as actual Irrigation recorded in the Year 2011-12 is 79.40 Lakh ha.
264. Thus there is gap of 47.11 Lakh ha. In Irrigation potential created and utilized.Some of the important reasons for under utilization and actual irrigation are given below-
Some of the major canal system of the state like UpperGangaCanal, EasternYamunaCanal, AgraCanal, LowerGangaCanal, Gandak Canal System, SardaCanal and Belan Canal System are approximately 60 to 100 year old. Because of inadequate maintenance, for want of sufficient O & M grants, these systems have deteriorated considerable. The actual irrigation on these systems is therefore going down.\
The cropping pattern as envisaged in the original project is not being adopted in the field. This is resulting in un equitable water consumption in tail portion of canals.The actual cropping pattern is different from that adopted in the project report as such the consumption of utilization of the irrigation potential is not realistic. More water consuming crops are adopted especially in head reaches, the command area in tail reaches are deprived of their due share of irrigation.
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Out of 60 main dams in the state, 10 dams are 50 years old and have been distressed with different reasons. Due to this the storage capacity of the reservoirs are being reduced causes less availability of water in canals which adversely affect the irrigation.
The efficiently of electric motors is being reduced due to using for a long period in major pump canals. The electric motors can not run continuously due to the electric supply is not stable for 24 hours with required voltage .
In some cases the system were originally designed for protective irrigation, where as now a days adoption of high yielding variety of seeds require more water depths resulting in reduction in irrigated area. Changes in land use pattern have also resulted in command areas and consequently the irrigated area has also got reduced.
Deterioration in Socio-economic and law and order in the state have complete disrupted the system of equitable distribution of water through canals. The distributaries and minors are cut by the farmers, unauthorized outlets and bunds are fixed in smaller channel resulting in drawl of more water and also wastage of water in upper reaches rendering the tail reaches completely dry.
It is being observed that additional irrigation potential created through on going major and medium irrigation projects. But guls are not constructed by CADA (Command Area Development Authority) in time simultaneous with creation of potential. Thus there is a gap in new potential created and its utilization.
The irrigation projects are planned on 75% dependability of designed irrigation supplies. Thus it is in built that for 25% of the period(in one hundred sequence) the water requirement for full irrigation potential will not be met and even if designed cropping pattern are followed these will be a lag in potential unutilized irrespective of the extent of field channels.
At some times it happens that due to unavoidable circumstances water supply and industrial requirement have to be made on priority basis from irrigation schemes and these causes curtailment in irrigation supplies and results in reduced irrigated area.
Water conservation through lining of canals
265. Surface water in the canals of the state is Limited. Most of the storage dam sites on rivers, are in Nepal. Construction of such reservoirs, not possible without consent of Nepal. So due to limited availability of water in canals of the state it is important to save water for further use. For this in the first stage Rs.300.00 crore has been proposed for lining of 60 km. Canals, Schemes of water conservation through lining of canals will also continue in the subsequent years.
Remedies to reduce regional imbalance
266. To reduce regional imbalance 20 projects of Eastern region,20 projects in Bundelkhand Region, 2 Projects in Central region and 9 projects Western Region have been proposed of which main projects are as follows:-
Eastern Region
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267. In this region Bansagarproject ,Saryu canal, I/c of Bhopauli pump canal Restoration of Sardasahayak project, Sone pump canal, Azamgarh&Shahganj branch, Tanda pump canal, Dohrighat pump canal, Deokali pump canal, Zamania pump canal, Tons pump canal, Saryu pump canal and Kwano pump canals are in progress. Kanhar Irrigation scheme and Restoration of Gandak canal system are proposed for funding under AIBP .
Bundelkhand region
268. In this region Kachnauda dam,, Arjun Sahyak project, Lahchura Dam, Lower Rohani Dam, Utari Dam, Jamrar Dam, Pahari Dam, Bhaurat Dam, are in progress. Viratsagardam,Panchand dam, Ken Betwa link project, SukhnaiBarrage,Baghendam,Dhurawaradam,Bandai dam, Bhawani dam are proposed. Restoration of Chillimal pump canal and Augasi pump canal which are in progress, are proposed to be completed during XII Plan. Various small schemes are proposed under Bundelkhand package.
Central Region
269. In this region 2 projects namely Restoration of Dalmau-B pump canal and Restoration of Hardoi branch are proposed to be completed during XII Plan .
Western Region
270. In this region Madhya Ganga canal stage-II, Badaun Irrigation scheme, Panchand dam, new Jasrana canal project, Mod. Of Agra canal stage-II, HathniKund Link channel stage-II, Restoration of Lower Ganga canal, raising and restoration of right bank of upper Ganga canal from km.30.00 to 165.00 parallel Hindan cut projects have been proposed to be completed during XII Plan .
Participation of Private Sector
271. For participation of private sector in Irrigation projects “Participatory water management set, has been prepared, As per water user Associations are registered at Kabala level Associahas which will be culpable to run this canals with designed discharge. In second stage operation and maintenance works will be transferred to water user Associations will be also responsible for water tariff and revenue collection.
Conservation and balance of Environment
272. The main projects of Irrigation Department which are sent to Central water commission for sanction, have to pass the criteria of conservation and balance of environment. So, in Irrigation projects Environment balance is kept in mind.
State Minor Irrigation273. Under the state minor irrigation, State tubewells are the assured means of irrigation in areas where construction of gravity canals is not feasible and in areas left out of command of such canals. Tubewells may also be used for conjunctive use of surface and ground water to increase intensity of cropping and productivity of different crops. Construction of tubewells take short gestation period, provide quick irrigation facilities to area under their command. As per policy of the State Government, state tubewells
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are constructed in the areas mostly belong to SC/ST, minority community and marginal farmers, who are not capable of developing their own source of irrigation. State Minor Irrigation works can be broadly classified as follows:-
State Tubewells
Minor Lift Canals
Other Minor Irrigation works such as Bundhies, Check Dams, Small bandhs.
Present Status of Creation of Irrigation Potential:
274. The total irrigation potential created in the state through State Minor Irrigation works in the pre-plan period was 4.82 lac hectares. The state continued to lay stress on developing the irrigation potential through State Minor Irrigation works during different plan periods. As a result, the irrigation potential through State Minor Irrigation works increased from 4.82 lac hectares to 39.55 lac hectares at the end of Eleventh Five Year Plan. Thus during the plan periods i.e. upto Eleventh Five Year Plan, Irrigation potential by State Minor Irrigation works has been increased by 820 percent.
Creation of Irrigation Potential in Twelth Plan:
275. An outlay of Rs 2812.50 Crores for Twelth Five Year Plan is proposed. Against the above outlay, the corresponding creation of irrigation potential is 2.29 lac hectares (PPA).
Restoration of Irrigation Potential in Twelfth Plan:
276. In proposed outlay, the thrust is now being given on the restoration of existing infrastructure of State Minor Irrigation works. In view of the above, priority is being given to improve/ modernise the existing distribution system on State Tubewells, reconstruction of failed state tubewells, renovation of derelict guls of state tubewells and replacement of workout equipments on the state tubewells. Accordingly projects are being sanctioned by NABARD for the restoration of existing irrigation system. In the Twelth Five Year Plan 3.04 lac hectares(P.P.A.) of restoration of irrigation potential shall be achieved.
Present Status of State Minor Irrigation Works: The state tubewells are the means of providing assured and round the year irrigation in their
command areas. In the pre plan period 2343 State tubewells were energized, since then construction of state tubewells in all districts of plains in the state has been carried out at a steady pace. As on 1.4.2014, 30133 Nos. of state tubewells ,having C.C.A. of 27.00 lac hectares, are in operation.
246 Minor Lift Pump Canals are also in operation in the state besides state tubewells. The total capacity of these canals is 3884.50 Cusecs having C.C.A. of 1.72 lac hectares against which about 1.00 lac hectares of irrigation is being achieved.
Gap Between Creation & Actual Utilization of Irrigation Potential:
State Tubewells:
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277. The performance of state tubewells is not up to that level which is proposed in projects due to the following reasons:-
Nonvailability of qualitative power.
Depleted condition of Distribution System..
Most of the equipments installed on state tubewells, have completed their normal life.
Lack of Man power.
Small Lift Pump Canals:
278. About 59% of the C.C.A of small lift pump canals is being irrigated at present. The main reasons for nonutilization of irrigation potential of lift pump canals are as given below:-
Availability of power is not as per the desired norms.
The Distribution system of these canals require strengthening.
Pumping system and related equipments require replacement.
Status of Ground Water Development :
279. The present exploration of Ground Water in the state is about 70%. There is still a lot of scope of Ground Water exploration in the state. However the level of Ground Water Development is not same through out in the state. It is therefore necessary that the ground water development should be carefully planned and ground water recharge should be strengthened. Artificial recharge projects are also required to be given priority such as check dams, small bandhs, bandhis, roof top rain water harvesting schemes and storing water of gravity flow canals, which is being passed through drains,.
Conjunctive Use of Water Resources :
280. It is time now that serious thinking is to be given for the conjunctive use of surface and ground water resources for optimum benefits on the basin wise or sub basin wise schemes. There are conflicting demands of water resources by its various users. The highest priority is required to be given to drinking water followed by irrigation and industry. Therefore, it has become necessary that the allocation of water resources to various users are done on the basis of their future assessments. The coordination between various users of water regarding exchange of basic data, pilot studies research & development, training, sustainable management of Ground Water etc., is all the more necessary. The state has recently constituted a “ State Water Resources Regulatory Authority “ which will play a key role in this matter.
On Going New projects-
281. Construction of 3000 New tubewells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tubewell Construction Project, 2- Reconstruction/ modernisation of 1054 State Tubewells UNDER Dr RAM Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Reconstruction Projects, 3-Modernisation of 8000 State Tubewells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Mordernisation Projects, 5-Construction of Dhan Kuwari Pump Canal, 6-construction of SAUGAI Pump Canal, 7- Modernisation &Capacity enhancement of
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Baluva Pump Canal & Various similar Projects shall be taken during Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-17). 8- Modernisation of Distribution System and Replacement of wornout Equipment 6800 State Tubewells under Manyavar Kashi Ram Nalkoop Pariyojona (R.I.D.F-16) 9- Construction of Basuhari Pump Canal (5cusecs)
Construction of 5000 New State Tubewells:
282. An outlay of Rs 1174.05 Crores is funded by Nabard for construction of 5000 New State Tubewells Projects each of 1.0 cusec capacity during the Twleth Plan creating 200.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential. These tubewells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 40 hectares of C.C.A. and it will be completed in year 2016-17.
Construction of 3000 New State Tubewells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Construction Projects (Funded By Nabard )
283. The cost of Rs 682.19 Crores is funded by Nabard for construction of 3000 New State Tubewells under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia New State Tubewell Construction Projects each of 1 .0 cusec capacity during the Twlefth Plan creating 120.00 th. hectares of irrigation potential. These tubewells are of low cost, more beneficial to farmers and having 40 hectares of C.C.A. and it will be completed in year 2014-15.
Modernisation of 1054 Failed State Tubewells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Reconstruction Projects (Funded By Nabard )
284. The Cost of Rs. 203.07 crores is financed by Nabard for reconstruction/ modernisation of 1054 Failed State Tubewells under Dr.Ram Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Reconstruction Project during Twlefth plan. About 63.24 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential is likely to be restored.
Modernisation of 14000 State Tubewells
285. An outlay of Rs. 1304.5396 crores is financed by Nabard for modernisation of 14000 State Tubewells Project during Twelfth plan. About 59.90 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential is likely to be restored.
Modernisation of 8000 State Tubewells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Modernisation Projects (FUNDED BY NABARD )
286. The Cost of Rs. 532.82 crores is financed by Nabard for modernisation of 8000 State Tubewells Under Dr Ram Manohar Lohia State Tubewell Mordernisation Projects during Twelfth plan. About 59.90 thousand hectares of Irrigation Potential is likely to be restored.
Construction of Saugai Pump Canal(10cusecs)
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287. Total cost of Rs. 4.19 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Saugai Pump Canal, capacity 10 cusecs, in District Chandauli. An Irrigation potential of 0.272 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project.
Construction of Dhan Kuwari Pump Canal 50 Cusec (Funded By NABARD)
288. Total cost of Rs. 20.14 Crores has been proposed for construction of Dhan Kuwari Pump Canal, 50 cusec capacity, situated in district Chandauli for creation of 1.936 thousand hectares of irrigation potential is proposed during Twelfth Five Year Plan.
Increasing Capacity of Chhatrapur Pump Canal(Funded By NABARD)
289. Total cost of Rs. 0.3666 Crores has been proposed for increasing the capacity of this minor lift pump canal(5 cuec to 10 cusec). Canal situated in district Banda. for creation of 150 hectares of irrigation potential during Twelfth Five Year Plan.
Construction of Balua Pump Canal (50cusecs)
290. Total cost of Rs. 4.2175 Crores has been proposed for the construction of Balua Pump Canal, capacity 50 cusecs, in District Chandauli. An Irrigation potential of 2.05 thousand hectares is likely to be created after completion of the project.
Private Minor Irrigation 291. Private minor irrigation sources are very crucial for agricultural productivity and agriculture production of the State as about 77% of the irrigated area is attributed to private minor irrigation sources. As per U.P. Statistical Diary 2011 the status of irrigation through various sources in the State is following:-
Item Net Irrigated Area (Lakh hect)
Percentage
A Canal 25.58 19.10B Govt. Tube Well 3.94 3.00C Private Tube Well/Boring Pump set 92.21 68.90D Other Source (Well, Tank, Ponds etc.) 12.11 9.00
Total (Net Irrigated Area) 133.84 100.00
Physiographic Region and Private Minor Irrigation Programme
292. Most populous state of Uttar Pradesh is fifth largest state in India and occupies 7.3% of the total area of the country, with 79.2% of population residing in villages. It has an agrarian economy. The State of U.P. has been divided into 9 Agro-climatic zones and 4 economic regions, viz Eastern, Western, Central and Bundelkhand.
293. The state of U.P can be further divided into two main physiographic regions:
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The Gangetic plain.
The Bundelkhand and Vindhyan plateau (Peninsular Region).
294. The Gangetic plain to the south of the Himalayas covers the largest area of the state. It is one of the most fertile plains in India and is endowed with vast reserves of ground water. The main programme under private minor irrigation in this region is construction of shallow tube wells in shallow aquifer and community tubewells, deep and medium tube wells in difficult strata as well.
295. The second region is southern part, south of river Ganga and Yamuna comprising, Central Indian plateau of Bundelkhand and Vindhyan ranges. Private minor irrigation works in this region, include construction of deep tube wells, check dams, community blast wells, community tube wells etc.
Status of Private Minor Irrigations Works
296. At the on set of the first five year plan 14.44 lakh hectare irrigation potential was available through different private minor irrigation sources. At the end of X th five year plan 170.59 lakh hect. Irrigation potential was created and during XIth plan 22.23 lakh. hectare is likely to be achieved. In the state, plan wise achievement of irrigation potential is tabulated below :
. Item Plan Period Irrigation Potential Created (In Lakh hectares)
During Plan Period Depreciation @ 1% Net
Based on 3 rd M.I.Census (i) 2000-01 - - 158.97(ii) 2001-02 3.61 1.58 161.00(iii) 2002-03 3.83 1.61 163.22(iv) 2003-04 2.92 1.63 164.51(v) 2004-05 3.41 1.64 166.28(vi) 2005-06 3.65 1.66 168.62 Based on 4th M.I.Census (vii) 2006-07 - - 178.98(viii) 2007-08 4.94 1.79 180.77(ix) 2008-09 3.73 1.81 182.58(x) 2009-10 2.40 1.83 184.40(xi) 2010-11 4.56 1.84 186.25(xii) 2011-12 6.51 1.86 188.11(xiii) 2012-13 3.74 1.88 189.99(xiv) 2013-14 3.47 1.90 191.89(xv) 2014-15 1.92
297. Statistics of different existing Private Minor Irrigation works in the state as on March, 2013 is tabulated below :
Item Unit Total
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1. Dug Wells Cum Bore well Nos. 1379762. Pump set on Surface Water ,, 294283. Shallow Tube well ,, 4173847A. Electric Shallow Tube Well ,, 498275B. Diesel Shallow Tube well ,, 3574081C. Others ,, 1014914. Deep Tube Wells ,, 313995. Medium Deep Tube well ,, 393356. Artisan Well ,, 8467. Checkdam ,, 26518. Community Blast Well ,, 27219. Community Tube wells ,, 2616
Facilities Extended to the Farmers During XIIth Plan.
298. Apart from providing technical expertise following financial assistance are also provided to the farmers. Under free boring scheme subsidy on construction of boring for small, marginal and SC/ST farmer is being provided @ of Rs. 5000, Rs. 7,000 and Rs. 10,000 respectively. In addition to it for installation of pumpset based on unit cost (Rs. 18,000 as per NABARD norms), following subsidy is being provided:-
Small farmers- 25% or upto a limit of Rs. 4,500/-,
Marginal farmers. 331/3% or up to a limit of Rs. 6,000/-
SC/ST farmers- 50% or upto limit of Rs. 9,000/-
A part from this a subsidy up to the maximum of Rs. 3000/- is also being provided to all category of farmers for installation of H.D.E.P. pipe irrigation system for water distribution.
Maximum subsidy of Rs. 1.78 lakh is admissible to all category of farmers on the construction of complete tubewell, under Deep tube well scheme. This subsidy includes cost of construction of tubewell, pump house etc. (upto the max. of Rs. 1.00 lakh), cost of H.D.P.E. pipe irrigation system for water distribution (up to the max of Rs. 0.10 lakh) and cost of energization upto maximum of Rs. 0.68 lakh. In the case of failure of boring only 10 % or a maximum of Rs. 1000 whichever is less is charged from the cultivators and rest is borne by the Govt.
Maximum subsidy of Rs. 1.53 lakh is admissible to all category of farmers on the construction of complete tubewell under Medium Deep tube well scheme. This subsidy includes cost of construction of tubewell, pump house etc. (upto the max. of Rs. 0.75 lakh), cost of H.D.P.E. pipe irrigation system for water distribution (up to the max of Rs. 0.10 lakh) and cost of energization upto maximum of Rs. 0.68 lakh. In the case of failure of boring only 10 % or a maximum of Rs. 1000 whichever is less is charged from the cultivators and rest is borne by the Govt.
299. For installation of surface pumpset in hard rock areas i.e all the districts of bundelkhand region and Allahabad, Mirzapur, Sonebhdra and Chanduali following subsidy is being provided-
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Small farmers- 25% or upto a limit of Rs. 4,500/-,
Marginal farmers. 331/3% or up to a limit of Rs. 6,000/-
SC/ST farmers- 50% or upto limit of Rs. 9,000/-
300. “Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tubewell scheme” has been launched from the year 2012-13. Under this scheme a maximum subsidy of Rs. 5.00 Lakh is provided for farmer’s group having more than 50% SC/ST farmers for construction of tube well. For groups of general category farmers maximum subsidy of Rs. 3.92 lakh is provided.
301. Community Blast Well (under RIDF-XV) are being constructed in rocky blocks of eight districts upto a limit of Rs. 5.585 lakh.
302. Checkdams are being constructed as community work in which 100% assistance is being provided.
Annual Plan 2014-15
Shallow Tubewells (Free Boring)
303. State’s statistics shows that there are 216.68 lakh operational holdings in the state out of which there are 166.59 lakh marginal (76.8%) and 30.87 lakh (14.2%) small holdings, These small & marginal holdings constitute about 61.3% of total area. To cater to the need of these farmers, It is proposed to perform 8,31,863 borings during 12th Five Year Plan including 2,06,875 borings for SC/ST farmers. This scheme has been further modified and provision of HDPE pipe irrigation system for water distribution has also been modified for which an additional subsidy of Rs. 3,000.00 is being provided from year 2012-13.
Deep Tube Well
304. This scheme is for all category of farmers in regions where strata is deep & hard/tough. It is proposed to construct 6,250 Deep Tube Wells in areas having deep and tough/difficult strata for all categories of farmers during 12th Five Year Plan. This scheme has been further modified and provision of HDPE pipe irrigation system for water distribution has also been modified for which an additional subsidy of Rs. 10,000 for HDPE pipe irrigation system and Rs. 68,000 for energization is being provide. Thus the amount of subsidy at present is Rs. 1,78,000.00.
Medium Deep Tube Well
305. This scheme is for all category of farmers in regions where water bearing strata is from 31-60m. It is proposed to construct 31,250 Medium deep tube wells during the plan. This scheme has been further modified and separate provision for energization has been made for which an additional subsidy of Rs. 68,000.00 is being provide. So subsidy in this scheme at present is Rs. 1,53,000.00.
Surface Pump Set
306. This scheme is for the benefit of all category of farmers in Bundelkhand Region and trans Yamuna blocks of Vindhyan Region. It is proposed to benefit 153 cultivators all over the state to exploit surface
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water sources. At present the subsidy is Rs. 4,500.00, 6,000.00 and 9,000.00 for small marginal farmers of general categories and small and marginal farmers of SC/ST category respectively. Apart from this scheme area has also been extended to Mirzapur, Sonbhadra and Chandaully districts.
Ground Water Recharging / Checkdam
307. This scheme is being implemented in rocky & problematic areas, which serves dual purpose of irrigation as well as recharging of groundwater. A sum of Rs. 3300.00 lakh is being proposed for Year 2014-15 under this scheme from which 156 checkdams will be constructed, which will irrigate about 3000 hect. of cultivated land and ground water recharge will be 135 ha-m.
Community Blast Well (RIDF)
308. A sum of Rs. 8900.00 lakh is being proposed for Year 2014-15 under this scheme from which 984 community blast well will be constructed.
13th Financé Commission
309. A sum of Rs. 5000.00 lakh is being proposed for Year 2014-15 under this scheme from which 214 Checkdams will be constructed.
Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tube well scheme
310. “Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tube Well Scheme” has been launched from the year 2012-13. Under this scheme a maximum subsidy of Rs. 5.00 Lakh is provided for farmers group having more than 50% SC/ST farmers for construction of tube well. For groups of general category farmers maximum subsidy of Rs. 3.92 lakh is provided.
311. Salient features of this scheme are following -
Name - “Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Community Tube wells Scheme”
Year of beginning - 2012 - 13
Area - Alluvium areas for State having difficult and Deep strata where free boring is not possible.
Structure of the scheme - Two types of groups will be farmed under the scheme. One group will be SC/ST dominated and another group will be dominated by small and marginal farmers, of general category.
Cost of Tube well - Rs. 5.00 Lakh
312. PVC pipe will be used for construction of tube well and above cost will include cost of drilling, assembly, submersible pump, pump house, delivery tank, 180- meter 110 mm HDPE pipe system and energization having following bifurcation –
Construction of Tube well : Rs. 4.02 lakh
(Drilling, Assembly, Submersible
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Pump House, Tend etc.)
HDPE pipe irrigation sytem : Rs. 0.30 lakh
Energization : Rs. 0.68 lakh
Total : Rs. 5.00 lakh
313. In the Year 2014-15 for construction of 155 community tube wells costing Rs. 715.60 lakh is proposed.
Monitorable Target : Creation of additional irrigation potential of 1.92 lakh hect.
Investment of Rs. 350.31 Crores from Govt. sources and Rs. 186.85 Crores from private sources.
Employment generation of 565.00 lakh mandays.
Flood Control314. Uttar Pradesh has a geographical area of 240.93 lacs hactare, out of which flood prone area is 73.36 lacs. hactare. The protectable area is about 58.72 lacs. ha only which can be protected from flood and drainage congestion by construction various flood management works. Financial input and physical out come during different plan periods may be seen in the following table :-
Marginal Embankments/ Drains (Km.)
City protection
works (no.)
No. of villages Raised
Land Protected (lac ha.)
Expenditure (Rs in crore)
11th five year plan 2973 14105 66 4511 21.14 1572.2612th five year plan (Anticipated)
3708 14910 25.07 4531.25
Note- All the figures are cummulative.
315. For 12th Five year plan, an outlay of Rs 6031.25 Crore was sanctioned against which an expenditure of Rs. 449.02 Crore was incurred during annual plan 2012-13 and an expenditure of Rs. 420.15 Crore was incurred during annual plan 2013-14.
316. It is estimated that an amount of Rs. 15000.00 crore is required as shown in the table below for flood management up tp 2023. This estimate has been prepared on the comprehensive plan of Ganga basin prepared by Ganga Flood Control Commission and records available in Investigation and Planning Circle of Irrigation department. A detailed project estimate will be required before starting the construction work, for embankment and anti-erosion works.
Name of Works Total CostConstruction of 5000 km. marginal embankment. (proposed) 5500Anti-erosion works 4000
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Strengthening & Raising of old M.E. 2000Protection of old M.E 1500Remodeling of trunk drains 500Remodeling of other drains 1500Total 15000
317. Programme of expenditure of Rs. 15000 crores in 15 year (2008-09 to 2023-24) as comprehensive plan Proposed starting with Rs. 350 crores in the first year (2008-09) and increasing at the rate of 10 % (approx.) for cost escalation per annum the programme of expenditure for 15 year (2008-09 to 2023-24) works out to Rs. 15000 crores as given in the above table.
Year Provision (Cr Rs)1 1st 350.002 2nd 378.003 3rd 408.004 4th 441.005 5th 725.006 6th 796.007 7th 875.008 8th 965.009 9th 1060.0010 10th 1168.0011 11th 1284.0012 12th 1410.0013 13th 1550.0014 14th 1710.0015 15th 1880.00
Total 15000.00
Ground Water 318. Ground Water Department, U.P. is the ‘Nodal Agency ’in the State for G\ground water development, management and planning, and it is primarily engaged in ground water survey, resource investigation and its estimation in the State.
Challenges & lssues
319. Ground water is a vital resource, providing 80 % of drinking water supplies and almost all the industrial needs of the State. Growing dependence and unregulated use of ground water has eventually put
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an adverse impact on the resource domain in the form of unsustainable over-extraction and subsequent lowering of ground water levels in both rural and urban areas.
Scenario with respect to National situation:
320. In India, net annual ground water resource availability (as on 31 st March,2009)has been estimated as 396.06 bcm, while the annual ground water draft(withdrawl)has been estimated as 243.32 bcm with ground water development reaching to stage of 61 % in comparison to 58%as estimated on 31 st March,2004 .Based on the above estimation,802 Blocks/Talukas have been categorized as Over-exploited , 169 as Critical and 523 as Semi-critical.
State Ground water Scenario:
321. The ground water Development has increased from 69%in 2004 to 72%in 2009 ,crossing the threshold limit of 70% .As such, ground water stressed areas are continuously increasing. In 2004 ,stressed blocks were 138,which increased to 215 in 2009 with 76 blocks categorized as Over-exploited,32 as Critical and 107 as Semi –critical.
322. The severity of ground water situation can be assessed from the fact that 629 out of 820 blocks are witnessing decline in ground water level. Situation in urban areas is still more grim, where water level is declining at much faster rate.
Priorities and Goals:
323. For sustainable Ground water management in the State, following goals and priorities have been identified for the 12th Plan:
Development of Ground water Regulatory Mechanism in the state.
Advanced approaches for resource study/investigation
Mapping of Aquifers and Aquifer management.
Developing Area-specific technological inputs and formulation of comprehensive ground water recharge schemes for implementation in stressed blocks/cities.
Data management and development of Ground Water Information System.
Setting up of Ground water Recharge Scheme feasibility assessment Cell.
Development of Information ,Education and Communication(IEC)skills/Capacity building for ground water conservation and management in stressed areas with assistance of NGO,RWA, academic Institution.
Strengthening of ground water research and development sector in the State in project mode.
Major thrust areas:
324. The major thrust area will be implementation and monitoring of comprehensive Ground Water Policy in U.P. The other thrust areas shall be
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Validation of GW norms and formulation of Urban norms.
Formulation and Implementation of Comprehensive Recharge Projects.
District Ground water reports.
Proposed Schemes:
325. The strategies/goals including some new initiatives(based on the recommendations of working group& goals of National Water Mission) are set for the 12 th Plans envisaged/clubbed under the following schemes, as taken up for the 11th Plan-
Development of Ground Water estimation and strengthening of Ground Water Survey;
Rain water harvesting & Recharging ;
Preparation of GIS based maps ; and
Aquifer mapping & aquifer parameter tests.
326. Scheme wise details of programmes are given as follows:
Development of Ground water estimation and strengthening of Ground water survey
Resource Monitoring and Assessment Monitoring of ground water level on Hydrograph Stations.
Block wise estimation of Ground water resource (as per GEC-97 norms) with periodicity of 02 years.
Refinement/improvement of ground water draft norms.
Remote Sensing application to provide/refine the inputs. lsotope application for recharge studies. (This works may be taken up in project mode)
Studies for evolving Urban ground water estimation norms.
Strengthening of Hydrograph Stations (both rural and urban) lntegration and preparation of Ground water Quality database/mapping (both rural and urban)
Preparation of District Ground Water Reports for sustainable resource management
Ground water resource awareness and Development of lEC skills &Capacity building
lnstitutional and infrastructural strengthening of Ground Water Department
Ground Water legislation.
Procurement of Softwares/digital data & Technical upgradation.
Aquifer mapping and Aquifer parameter tests Aquifer mapping & preparation of Aquifer Management plans for stressed areas.
Aquifer Parameter tests: Aquifer Parameter tests on unconfined aquifers are proposed to be carried out to validate/refine various norms prevailing in different hydrogeological settings.
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Preparation of G.l.S. based maps Analysis of groun water data and GLS based Ground water Mapping.
Rain water Harvesting Review and updation of ground water recharge guidelines.
Formulation of Comprehensive Recharge projects for the stressed areas.
Comprehensive strengthening of the department as Agency.
Maintenance of old Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting structures.
Command Area Development & Water Management Programme (CADWM)
327. In early seventies, it was felt that there was a big gap between irrigation potential created and utilization, obtained under the irrigated areas. The main reason for low productivity was due to lack of integrated and coordinated approach to irrigation water utilization at farm level for obtaining optimum production from irrigated land. Keeping in view of the problem, centrally sponsored CADWM was initiated in 1974-75 and water management programme added with P.I.M. in Xth FYP in Uttar Pradesh. The programme is being taken up as a scheme on a sharing basis 50:50 between Central & State Govt.
328. The objective of Command Area Development Programme is to utilize the irrigation potential created in selected major medium and minor irrigation projects and to increase the crop production and productivity in Command Area.
329. In Uttar Pradesh, programme is being implemented by two Command Areas Development Authority namely Sharda sahayak & Ramganga Samadesh Development Authority under Irrigation & Water Resources Department. After coverage of 22.427 lakh hect. up to 2013-14 balance area of 10.4232 lakh. hect. out of 32.84 lakh hect workable area in various canal project have been taken up for the CADWM work in both the command areas. According to new Guide line December 2013 issued by Government of India, Ministry of Water Resources new project would be sanctioned after technical examination by regional CWC and having provision in the state budget. As per decision a new proposal of 350489 hec. area in ten CADWM progress for bundelkhand pakeage phase-II to planing commission, GOI for approval.
330. At Present fifteen Irrigation projects under this scheme are running in the State i.e. Sharda Canal, Saryu Canal phase II,Sharda Sahayak canal phase II and Sirsi Pump Canal in (Sharda Command) & Lower Rajghat canal , East Ganga Canal, Betwa & Gursarai, ken Canal, Upper Ganga Canal, Madhya Ganga Canal, Jakhlaun Pump Canal, Belan, Tons Pump, Son Pump, Tumariya Pump Canal System (Ram Ganga Command)
331. In this Programme component of "ON FARM DEVELOPMENT" works which include construction of Earthen Guls, Lining of Trunk Guls, Construction of Water Control Structures and
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Drainage Channels are constructed out in each Kulaba command. The enforcement of proper system of "Warabandi" & ensures equitable distribution of water to individual fields. The Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) is also important components of the programme.
332. This programme is run as centrally sponsored scheme on 50:50 sharing basis between Govt. of India & State Government.
333. During the Twelth Five Year Plan (2012-17), it is proposed that an area of 915 thousand hectare will be taken up for field channel construction, 45 thousand hectare for constructing field drains, 915 thousand hectare for Warabandi and 31 thousand hectare for water logged areas and demonstration in farmers fields. Training of functionaries and farmers Adaptive Trails on the field will be organized for the successful implementation of the programme.
334. For the execution of the OFD activities during the Twelth Five Year Plan an amount of Rs. 175000.00 lakh will be required for fields channels, Rs. 1800.00 lakh for field drains, Rs. 2745.00 lakh for Warabandi and Rs. 4650.00 lakh for reclamation of water logged areas in irrigated commands. Besides this an amount of Rs. 1000.00 lakh will be required for adaptive -trial and demonstration Rs. 55.00 lakh for training to functionaries and farmers. Rs. 50.00 lakh monitoring and Evaluation of the projects has been proposed in Twelth Five Year Plan.
335. Additional components which have been recommended to be taken up by working group in the Twelth Plan:
Correction of System deficiencies/rehabilitation and modernization of the irrigation system.
Micro-Irrigation in at least 10 % area of CCA of each project.
Participatory irrigation management (PIM). Setting up viable sustainable WUAs and transfer of system including maintenance, management and collection of water charges by PIM Act-2009 Conducted by I.D.
75% percent assistance of dissemination of technical know how with the help of Walmi, IMTIs for strengthening of infrastructure.
Use of specific bio-drainage techniques for reclamation of water logged areas.
336. For the 12th Five year Plan (2012-17) outlay of Rs. 175000.00 lakh has been fixed. In the year (2011-12) an expenditure of Rs. 20005.00 lakh having Central/State share was been incurred and the physical achievement of OFD and osrabandi works were 86.12 thousand hectare and 43.70 thousand hectare respectively . An expenditure of Rs. 20567.48 lakh including State/Central share was spent in the year of 2012-13 with the physical achievement of OFD and Osrabandi of 98390 hect and 66710 hect area respectively. In the year 2013-14 an Expenditure of Rs. 18559.23 lac has been incurred and the physical achivement of OFD and osrabandi wark were 57400 hec & 60190 hec respectively.
337. During the Annual Plan (2014-15) an area of 207, thousand hec. has assigned by GOI through MOU amount of Rs 462.00 cr. shall be needed for field channel construction, 10 thousand hectare for field drains and 207 thousand hectare for warabandi. In addition to this, demonstrations in the farmers' fields,
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adaptive trials, training and Evaluation studies and participatory irrigation management will also be taken up. An outlay of Rs. 32000.00 lakh has been provided as State/Central share to meet the Physical target of OFD and Osrabandi work for 2014-15 . As per decision of Planning Deptt completion of these lingering projects , MOU has been signed for two lac hect area and Rs 500.00 lac per year required for OFD works. An outlay of Rs 300.00 lac has been fixed as a State/Central share to achieve the physical target of two lac hect area in the year 2014-15.
338. To ensure effective farmers participation, Kulaba Prabandh Samities will be made more effective and functional. Involvement of beneficiaries in water management will be ensured through participatory irrigation management. To legalize the W.U.A., PIM Act has been constituted by Irrigation & Water Resources Department.
Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)339. To involve farmers and village communities in the implementation of watershed projects under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP). Guidelines for Watershed Development were adopted w.e.f. 1-4-2008. To further simplify procedures and involvement of Panchayat Raj Institution (P.R.I.s) more meaningfully in planning, implementation and management of economic development activities in rural areas. New Guidelines called "Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects 2008" have been published by National Rainfed Area Authority, Ministry of Agriculture. Govt. of India in March, 2008 and also Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects 2011(Revised) published by Government of India.
340. Common Guidelines for Watershed Development Projects are based on the following principles:
Equity and Gender Sensitivity: Watershed Development Projects should be considered as levers of inclusiveness. Project implementing Agencies must facilitate the equity processes such as (a) enhanced livelihood opportunities for the poor through investment in their assets and improvements in productivity and income. (b) improving access of the poor, especially for the benefits of women ( c) enhancing role of women in decision-making processes and their representation in the institutional arrangements and (d) ensuring access to usufruct rights from the common property resources for the poor farmers.
Decentralization: Project management would improve with decentralization, delegation and professionalism. Establishing suitable institutional arrangements within the overall framework of the Panchayati Raj institutions, and the operational flexibility in norms to suit varying local conditions will enhance decentralization . Empowered committees with delegation to rationalize the policies, continuity in administrative support and timely release of funds are the other instruments for effective decentralization.
Facilitating Agencies: Social mobilization, community organization, building capacities of communities in planning and implementation, ensuring equity arrangements etc. need intensive facilitation. Competent organisations including voluntary organizations with professional teams having necessary skills and expertise would be selected through a rigorous process and may be provided financial support to perform the above specific functions.
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Centrality of Community Participation: Involvement of primary stakeholders is at the centre of planning, budgeting, implementation, and management of watershed projects. Community organizations may be closely associated with and accountable to Gram Sabhas in project activities.
Capacity Building and Technology Inputs: Considerable stress would be given on capacity building as a crucial component for achieving the desired results. This would be a continuous process enabling functionaries to enhance their knowledge and skills and develop the correct orientation and perspectives thereby becoming more effective in performing their roles and responsibilities. With current trends and advances in information technology and remote sensing, It is possible to acquire detailed information about the various field level characteristics of any area or region. Thus, the endeavour would be to build in strong technology inputs into the new vision of watershed programmes.
Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning: A participatory outcome and impact- oriented, user-focused monitoring, evaluation and learning system would be put in place to obtain feedback and undertake improvements in planning, project designing and implementation.
Organizational Restructuring: Establishing appropriate technical and professional support structures at national, state, district and project levels and developing effective functional partnerships among project authorities, implementing agencies and support organizations would play a vital role.
Objectives Acuteness of drinking water scarcity
Extent of over exploitation of ground water resources.
Preponderance of wastelands/degraded lands
Contiguity to another watershed that has already been developed/treated.
Willingness of village community to make voluntary contributions, enforce equitable social regulations for sharing of common property resources, make equitable distribution of benefits, create arrangements for the operation and maintenance of the assets created .
Proportion of scheduled castes/scheduled tribes.
Area of the project should not be covered under assured irrigation.
Productivity potential of the land.
Funding Pattern
341. Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP )is a centrally sponsored scheme and the cost norm of Rs. 12000 per hectare except vindhya region and Rs. 15,000 per hectare for vindhya region since 2013-14 is to be shared between the Central and State Government. Hence the funding pattern of the scheme in the ratio of 90:10 between the central and State Government respectivly.
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342. Government of India sanctioned 114 projects under Integrated Watershed Management Programme in 7 districts of Bundhelkhund region for special package during 2009-10, 2010-2011 & 2011-2012 for treatment of total area 577942 hect. The cost of Projects is Rs. 693.5304 crore . Govt. of India also sanctioned from 2009-10 to 2013-14 ie for 5 years 424 projects for 64 districts except Bundelkhand package. The area of 424 projects is2072404 hect. and cost is Rs. 2492.8848 crore.
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