Characterization of Characterization of Emissions In and Near Emissions In and Near

Class I Areas in the WestClass I Areas in the West

Forum on Sources In and Near Class I Areas

Forum ChargeForum ChargeForum ChargeForum Charge

Develop an approach to implement strategies to reduce and prevent air pollution from emission sources located within and near Class I areas on the Colorado Plateau

Why look in and near?Why look in and near?

• Potential for disproportionate impacts• Emissions can vary widely• Complement regional strategies• Help achieve “reasonable progress”• Foster and inform cooperation among

– Federal land managers– Park & wilderness neighbors– Gateway communities– Regulatory agencies

GCVTC RecommendationsGCVTC Recommendations

• Develop Strategies for nearby communities and activities:

• “All significant sources or combinations of sources near each Class I area must be examined…”

Sources Sources InIn Class I Areas Class I Areas

• WRAP-sponsored microinventories of:– Zion NP (UT), Petrified Forest NP (AZ), Capitol

Reef NP (UT), Glen Canyon NRA* (AZ-UT).

• NPS-sponsored microinventories of– Badlands NP (SD), Glacier NP (MT), Grand

Canyon NP (AZ), Theodore Roosevelt NP (ND), Wind Cave NP (SD), Carlsbad Caverns NP (NM), Chiricahua NM (AZ), Lake Mead NRA* (AZ-NV), Grand Teton NP (WY), Yellowstone NP (WY-MT-ID)

* Class II area Bold indicates final report

Grand Canyon MicroinventoryGrand Canyon Microinventory

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Boilers IC Engines AG TanksGas Stations Other UGTs CampfiresResidential Wood Wastewater Treatment BoatsTrains Aircraft Motor VehiclesRx Fire

Grand Canyon Non-Fire Grand Canyon Non-Fire

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Boilers IC Engines AG Tanks Gas Stations

Other UGTs Campfires Residential Wood Wastewater Treatment

Boats Trains Aircraft Motor Vehicles

Sources Near Class I AreasSources Near Class I Areas

• First-time characterization and comparison of emissions near all western Class I areas to portray the landscape of emissions

• Classify Class I areas by magnitude, trend, seasonality, dominant emission type

• Create basis for microinventories, pollutant dispersion modeling, and control strategy evaluation

• Identify candidates for a gateway community demonstration project

ApproachApproach

• Use 1996 emission inventory (7 pollutants)

• Identify area of interest (out to 50 km.)• Spatially allocate area source emissions

to area of interest.• Map point sources• Interview local officials

– Verify point source emissions– Identify sources, trends, and risks not evident

in regional emission databases

Approach Approach (continued)(continued)

• Classify areas

• Analyze a subset in more depth– 10-20 areas– Additional interviews – Local datasets, visitation rates, trends, etc.– Identify best methods for future work

• Compare to IMPROVE monitoring data

• Post on WRAP Web site

Class I Area GroupsClass I Area Groups

117 Class I areas

in 82 groupsCurrently adding remaining Alaskan & Tribal Class I areas

Point SourcesPoint SourcesGila NWA, NMGila NWA, NM

Point Source RelationshipsPoint Source RelationshipsRocky Mountain National Park, CORocky Mountain National Park, CO

Land Use / Land Cover MapsLand Use / Land Cover MapsJoshua Tree NP NWA, CAJoshua Tree NP NWA, CA

Population Density MapsPopulation Density MapsMount Hood NWA, ORMount Hood NWA, OR

Tabular DataTabular Data

• In addition to map presentations, data are also available in tables:– Point Sources– Total Area of Analysis– Area of Analysis by county

WRAP 1996 Point Source Emissions (tons/year) Near Class I AreasGroup 30 BadlandsGRD_ID PLANT_NAME VOC NOX SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NH3 PLANT_ID FIPS Longitude Latitude820 WYOMING REFINING CO-NEWCASTLE REFINERY 150.5 199.3 929.8 426.7 237.8 7.7 1 56045 -104.2 43.8820 POPE & TALBOT INC. 2.2 4.6 0.9 9.1 6.1 0 6 56045 -104.2 43.8850 POPE AND TALBOT, INC. 0 0 0 67.7 62.6 0 4 46081 -103.8 44.5850 WHARF RESOURCES 0 0 0 41.2 12.1 0 114 46081 -103.8 44.4851 BENTONITE CORP-COLONY PLANT 0 144.6 39.9 78.9 23.4 0 1 56011 -104.1 44.9851 AMERICAN COLLD-EAST COLONY 1 106.8 66 171.7 120.8 0 2 56011 -104.2 44.9851 AMER COLLD-WEST COLONY 0.8 183.2 79.5 176.9 119.7 0 3 56011 -104.2 44.9879 BEN FRENCH 3.6 908.3 767.2 16.1 12 0.1 1 46103 -103.3 44.1879 SOUTH DAKOTA CEMENT 0 2876.9 653.8 162.8 85.6 0 11 46103 -103.3 44.1880 WILLISTON BASIN INTERSTATE PIPELINE CO. 0 115.7 0 0 0 0 4 46019 -103.5 44.9909 HILLS MATERIALS COMPANY 0 0 0 291.5 150.6 0 10 46103 -103 44.1909 MERILLAT INDUSTRIES INC. 445.5 126.1 0 0 0 0 12 46103 -103 44.1909 PETE LIEN AND SONS, INC. 0 418 0 0 0 0 14 46103 -103 44.1

Source CategoriesSource Categories• Point Sources• Area Sources (excluding windblown dust)

– Residential Wood Combustion, Other Fuel Combustion, Industrial Processes, Construction Dust, Solvent Utilization, Petroleum Storage & Transport, Waste Disposal & Recycling, Agricultural Activities (except burning)

• Fires– Management Fires, Wildfires

• On-Road Mobile Sources– Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions, Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions,

Fugitive Dust - Paved Roads, Fugitive Dust - Unpaved Roads• Off-Road Mobile Sources (excluding airports &

commercial marine vessels)– Lawn & Garden Equipment, Recreational Equipment,

Commercial & Industrial Equipment, Construction & Mining Equipment, Agricultural Equipment, Recreational Marine Vessels, Locomotives & Railroad, Equipment, Logging Equipment

Wildland FireWildland Fire

• 1996 fires are treated like “point sources.”

• All emissions from fires starting within the buffer included

• No emissions from fires starting outside the buffer included.