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Charlemagne and the Germanic Kingdoms. 1-13-09. Invasions. The fall of Rome in 476 results in chaos Constant warfare results in new trends Disruption of trade Downfall of cities Population shifts. Decline in Learning. Germanic invaders were illiterate Families left cities - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Charlemagne and the Germanic Kingdoms
1-13-09
Invasions
The fall of Rome in 476 results in chaos
Constant warfare results in new trends Disruption of trade Downfall of cities Population shifts
Decline in Learning
Germanic invaders were illiterate Families left cities Knowledge of Greek lost Tribes had no written language But had oral traditions
Loss of Language
Under Roman culture Latin was common language
Germanic people mixed their language with Latin
Every region had a different unrecognizable language
Kingdoms Emerge
Government
Boundaries shifted and gov’t changed Family and loyalty more important
than citizenship Lived in small communities Germanic leaders led small armies of
loyal soldiers Obeyed leaders they respected –
would not follow an unknown leader
The Franks Clovis first great leader
of the Franks Wife was Christian –
wanted him to convert While fighting a battle
Clovis will convert if victorious
Baptized after – Church in Rome welcomes him – supports his conquests
Clovis unites the Franks
Questions
Why would the church welcome Clovis and support his conquests?
Who benefits from this relationship? What do the people who benefit get?
Christianity Spreads Leaders who had been converted
spread Christianity The church supports these leaders to
spread the faith Missionaries spread the word Mainly spread in former Roman
territories Also converted to get help against
Muslims
Rome and Christianity
Monasteries and Convents These were
religious communities in rural areas
Monks and Nuns lived here
Older monks had been like hermits
Benedict – set rules for monasteries
Rule of Saint Benedict Examples
Read the Handout – Lets make a list of what life is like for a monk
Prayer/Meditation Service to God Solitude Rigid Schedule
Gregory I Expanded papal power Becomes a secular
power in the world Used church money to
raise armies, repair roads, help the poor
Negotiated treaties The pope controls from
Italy to England Church kingdom
European Empire
Fall of Rome led to Roman territory splintering
Small kingdoms begin to unite Clovis first king unites what is now
France In Clovis’ kingdom major domo
(mayor of the palace) became more powerful than the king
Charles Martel
Was a major domo Extended the reign of Franks Stopped the invading Muslims
at Tours Stops the spread of Muslim
faith At death passed power to son
Pepin the Short
Pepin Wanted to be king Made agreement
with Pope to attack Lombards
In exchange Pope names Pepin king
Dies in 768
Charlemagne Charles the Great
becomes king in 771 Built Empire greater
than any since Rome and until Napoleon almost 1000 years later
800 Charlemagne attacks people invading Rome
Pope, in gratitude, crowns him Emperor
Government Limited the power of the
nobles Made sure wealthy
landowners were just Visited the whole kingdom Closely watched
everything on huge estates
Learning Revival
Charlemagne encourages learning Surrounds self with scholars Opened a palace school for nobles at
court Had monasteries open school
Fall of Charlemagne
After his death kingdom given to religious son Louis – weak ruler
Treaty of Verdun – divided the kingdom between three grandsons Lothair – Central Kingdom Charles the Bald – West Frankish
Kingdom Louis the German – East Frankish
Kingdom
Feudalism
Invaders
Rome fell due to invaders New groups begin to invade Europe Vikings – from Scandinavia Go through Russia into England and
Ireland Make it to Southern France
Viking Culture
Great warriors Also traders and Explorers Read the Handout
Vikings
Vikings
Magyars & Muslims
All Invaders