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CHEERLEADING IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
OBSERVE – EVALUATE – REPEAT/PROCEED
5 areas of Cheerleading:
1. Stunting
2. Jumps
3. Tumbling
4. Cheer
5. Dance
STUNTING
Safety Notice: Cheerleading Stunting is to be done on a secure, matted surface
(gymnastics mats) at all times.
Basic Instruction
There are 4 positions with in a Stunt Group (Back, Flyer, 2 Bases, Front Spot). All have
unique jobs and work together to make the lifts, tosses, and catches possible.
Back: The Back is the President of the stunt group and most trust-worthy students.
Their jobs include ensuring stunt group safety prior to starting any stunt, and at ALL time
protecting the Head, Neck, and shoulders of the Flyer. The Back is the only individual
who communicates with the Flyer before, and during a stunt.
Flyer: The Flyer is the Vice-President of the stunt group. They are the ones who get
lifted, tossed, and caught in the Stunts. They must have great trust, be able to stay tight
and stiff when off the ground, and are usually the more slender, smaller in stature, and
flexible.
Bases: There are two bases in a stunt group. They are known as the Janitors because
they do all the heavy lifting and often get over looked when it comes to praise! The
base partners must be similar in stature, height, and strength.
Front Spot: Optional position. Depending on the stability and numbers of students
having a Front Spot on the front of the Stunt Group is possible. They can support with
hands on contact, supporting Bases, and/or direct spotting.
Selecting Stunt Groups
Step 1- Have students line up tallest to shortest (without talking to work on
cooperation).
Step 2- Count how many students you have and divide by 4 (if you have extra numbers
look for a third base similar in size, a second flyer or a Back to switch in & out)
Step 3- Select your Backs: taller students, strong in build & stature. Your Backs are the
President of the stunt group and must be the most responsible and trustworthy
students.
Step 4- Select your Flyers: usually the shorter, slighter built students, however they
must be willing to trust others and be lifted.
Step 5- Select your Base Partners: While selecting Backs & Flyers keep in mind you are
also selecting Base Partners. Two students with similar build, strength, and must be
approximately the same height.
Step 6- Putting the Stunt groups together. The Back must be strong enough to control
the weight and height of the Flyer. The Bases must be able to handle the weight of the
Flyer.
Please keep in mind the maturity and responsibility level of your students when making
groups. If I have a silly Base team ensure the Back and/or Flyer in that group are
mature.
Safety & Spotting Activities
Priority: These activities should be done in the first class before any student is put into
any Cheerleading Stunt.
Activity: Bear Hug
Discussion- Physical contact is a must in Cheerleading due to the nature of lifting,
holding, and catching. It is important to have a conversation about proper technique of
catching and how that doesn’t include inappropriate contact with classmates’ private
areas. Students need to feel comfortable catching because it could mean the
prevention of injury. Students put aside their personal bubbles when it comes to
Cheerleading Stunting but once the group is done the bubbles return. This activity is to
teach students proper technique in catching and to break those personal bubbles.
Activity Description- Have the Backs and Bases in lines or a circle spaced about an arms-
length apart. The Flyers walk along the line, in front of the backs/bases.
The Flyer jumps like a pencil in front of the back/base and the back/base must bear hug
catching the Flyer (one arm high & one arm low) and pull them into their chest.
When the Bear Hug is done properly the Flyer’s feet should not touch the ground. This
activity gives the Flyers confidence in the Backs and Bases ability to hold their body
weight, along with teaching basic catching skills to the all members.
Activity: Plank It
Discussion- To prevent injury of any stunt group member it is important for the Flyers to
understand how to remain ‘tight’. This is when you squeeze every muscle in your body
firm which allows Flyers to be lifted, tossed, and caught more easily. This activity also
provides an opportunity to discuss the Backs and Bases responsibilities.
Activity Description- The Flyer lays on the floor and becomes tight. The Back (in charge
of the head/neck) places their hands under the Flyer’s shoulders. The Bases (in charge
from the chest to the toes) kneels on either side of the body and places a hand under
the middle of the back and one hand under the knee. Together the three lifters raise
the Flyer (still being tight) up to their kneeling chest level, hold, and lower back safely to
the ground. (Have the students repeat the same activity several times)
Loosey Goosey Version- Have the Flyer go limp and have the group repeat the activity.
Use this as a teachable moment to reinforce the importance of being tight (always finish
this activity with a ‘tight’ version to reinforce what you’re looking for).
Note: When Loosey Goosey the Flyer feels heavier, harder to grip, more challenging to
lift, etc.
As the instructor, watch for which groups are taking this activity seriously because it is a
good gage to how they will treat the Cheerleading Stunts.
Activity: Pendulum
Discussion- The stunt groups must now work together using all we’ve already discussed
Flyer must be tight and Bases are learning to catch and absorb the Flyer’s body weight.
Discuss the importance of catching the Flyer with their hands, absorb the weight
towards their bodies, using a basketball defensive stance or lung (absorb with legs).
Bad Pass/Bad Fall: If something goes wrong discuss with the students prior to the
activity about safely falling with the Flyer.
Activity Description- The Flyer stands in the middle of the Stunt Group, arms across their
chest in an X, and remain tight (like in the Plank It activity). The Stunt Group forms a
circle around the flyer (you can place two stunt groups together – one flyer in the center
at a time). The Flyer falls and the base group must read & react working together to
catch & absorb the weight and return the Flyer to a standing position.
Once the Flyer and Stunt Group have built confidence in their ability have them pass the
Flyer from person to person. The Flyers feet should remain in the same spot at the
center of the circle.
Activity: Trust Falls
Discussion: Building Trust and confidence. Learning basic cheerleading catch/cradle
positions.
Activity Description: Using all three Stunt Group members have the Flyer fall from a
standing position, backwards. The Back is responsible for the head and neck therefore
they should be directly behind the Flyer. The Bases should be catching the back/legs
(one hand on the back/one on the legs) as the Flyer falls backwards.
Depending on the group you may explore doing the same activity from a raised surface
(eg: Off the bench, chair). ALWAYS with a proper mat under the fall/catch zone.
Stunting Dialogue
All Stunts begin with an important dialogue between the Back and Flyer. This is to
communicate to the entire group what is taking place (prior to starting) and then to
commence the Stunt.
The Back gets into position (hands on waist of Flyer) and quickly checks to see if the
Stunt Group appears to be in position to start.
Back: “Turtle Stunt, Ready?”
The Flyer then quickly makes sure the bases are in position and responds.
Flyer: “Ready!”
Back: “1-2”
The Stunt begins on 3-4 and continues until complete. “Turtle Stunt” is the stunt being
performed which would change as the Stunt Group Progresses.
STUNTING RULE: YOU DON’T GO UP IF…
1. Anyone in the group is being silly, isn’t listening, or is distracted
2. Someone is hurt/injured
3. You don’t remember what to do
4. You don’t know how to get down
Stunt: Double Turtle
Backs Flyer Bases
1. Backs take a firm grip
on the waist/hips of the
Flyer
2. Backs begin the
Dialogue (above) when
they see their Stunt
Group is prepared
3. After the Dialogue they
lift the Flyer using the
Flyer’s hop to gently
lower the Flyer onto
the bases
4. Hold the waist firmly
during the Stunt to
provide stability & lift
some of the weight off
the Bases
1. Standing behind the
Bases.
2. Grips the Back’s wrists
3. After the dialogue
(above) the Flyer does
a small hop onto the
Bases (Stay Tight)
**FLYERS ARE TO PLACE
THEIR FEET BETWEEN THE
SHOULDER BLADES ON
THE SPINE. NOT ON THE
LOWER BACK.
4. Flyers hit the crowd (by
doing a High V/placing
their arms in the air)
1. Kneeling, side by side
facing forward
2. Place forearms on mat
and huddle in like a
rock or turtle shape
(knees to chest)
3. Make sure they are a
stable base
GETTING DOWN
1. The Back calls “Pop Off
Ready?”
2. Once the Flyer has
responded the Back
calls 1-2 and lifts the
Flyer off the Bases to
the original position on
the floor
1. The Flyer takes the
backs wrists again and
then responds to the
Backs call. “Ready”
Stunt: Kneeling Thigh Stand
Backs Flyer Bases
1. Backs take a firm grip
on the waist/hips of the
Flyer
2. Backs begin the
Dialogue (above) when
they see their Stunt
Group is prepared
3. After the Dialogue they
lift the Flyer using the
Flyer’s hop to gently
lower the Flyer onto
the Bases
4. Hold the waist firmly
during the Stunt to
provide stability & lift
some of the weight off
the Bases
1. Standing behind the
Bases
2. The Flyer places their
hands on the shoulders
of the Bases (in an L
shape)
3. After the dialogue
(above) the Flyer does
a small hop onto the
bases (Stay Tight)
**FLYERS ARE TO PLACE
THEIR FEET AS CLOSE TO
THE HIP JOINT AS
POSSIBLE (NOT: OVER THE
KNEE or IN THE MIDDLE OF
THE THIGH)
4. Flyers hit the crowd (by
doing a High V/placing
their arms in the air)
1. Kneeling, facing each
other (one knee on the
floor/one up bent at a
90 degree)
2. Bent knee must be at
90 degrees and knee
straight over the ankle
3. Turn out the leg on the
floor to create a more
stable base
4. When the Flyer stands
on your leg/hip joint
hold their ankle with
both hands to improve
stability
5. Watch the Flyer at all
times while they are off
the ground.
GETTING DOWN
1. The Back calls “Pop Off
Ready?”
2. Once the Flyer has
responded the Back
calls 1-2 and lifts the
Flyer off the Bases to
the original position
1. The Flyer takes the
Backs wrists again and
then responds to the
Backs call. “Ready”
1. Bases release their grip
on the ankle after the
1-2 count from the
Back
Stunt: Thigh Stand
Backs Flyer Bases
1. Backs take a firm grip
on the waist/hips of the
Flyer
2. Backs begin the
Dialogue (above) when
they see their Stunt
Group is prepared
3. After the Dialogue they
lift the Flyer using the
Flyer’s hop to gently
lower the Flyer onto
the Bases
4. Hold the waist firmly
during the Stunt to
provide stability & lift
some of the weight off
the Bases
1. Standing behind the
Bases.
2. The Flyer places their
hands on the shoulders
of the Bases (in an L
shape)
3. After the dialogue
(above) the Flyer does
a small hop onto the
bases (Stay Tight) or
Step Up (see next page)
**FLYERS ARE TO PLACE
THEIR FEET AS CLOSE TO
THE HIP JOINT AS
POSSIBLE (NOT: OVER THE
KNEE / MIDDLE OF THIGH)
4. Flyers hit the crowd (by
doing a High V/placing
their arms in the air)
1. Standing, facing each
other
2. Leg closes to the Flyer
is in a lung (bent knee)
3. The Bases back leg
straight and foot
turned to brace
themselves from
moving
4. When the Flyer stands
on the leg/hip joint the
Base wraps their
arm/elbow around the
knee to improve
stability
5. Watch the Flyer at all
times while they are off
the ground.
GETTING DOWN
1. The Back calls “Pop Off
Ready?”
2. Once the Flyer has
responded the Back
calls 1-2 and lifts the
Flyer off the Bases to
the original position on
1. When prepared the
Flyer responds “Ready”
2. The Flyer can take the
backs wrists (or the
shoulders of the Bases)
for this dismount
1. Bases release their grip
on the knee after the 1-
2 count from the Back
T-DISMOUNT (Thigh Stand Dismount)
1. The Back calls “T
Down” Ready?”
2. Once the Flyer has
responded the Back
calls 1-2 and helps lift
the Flyer off the Bases
and lowers the Flyer
slowly to the floor
IN FRONT OF THE BASES
1. The Flyer puts their
arms in ‘T’ at chest
level and squeezes
their muscles tight to
become rigid
2. Once the Bases have
their hands in position
and the Back makes the
call. The Flyer
responds “Ready”
1. The Bases reach up
with both hands (one
hand on the Flyer’s
wrist/forearm and the
other on the upper
arm)
2. Bases thumbs face
forward
3. When the Back says 1-2
the Bases begin to lift &
lower the Flyer to the
ground (3-4)
Below Demonstrates a Step Up Thigh Stand:
Four Corner Spotting
Four Corner Spotting is mandatory for learning chest level stunts or higher. Students
have been taught the essential skills for catching and reacting through the warm up
activities listed above. It may be essential to review the key points.
When Spotting:
1. Eyes on the Flyer the entire time
2. Hands at ready & prepared to catch (not crossed or at your side)
3. No Talking
4. Be no more than one step away from the stunt group
5. Read & React to the stunt
6. If something goes wrong step in, bear hug or catch the Flyer
Four Corner Spotting Set Up:
The Stunt Group Set up (seen here as circles)
4 Person Stunt Group 5 Person Stunt Group
The Four Corner Spots set up around the stunt group (seen here as squares).
Place the two strongest spotters on opposite corners. The spotters should listen for the
Backs direction (Backs are now responsible for checking to make sure spotters are in the
right spots and are paying attention prior to starting a chest level or higher stunt).
Learning Step for Double Base: Frog
Backs Flyer Bases
1. Backs take a firm grip
on the waist/hips of the
Flyer
2. Backs begin the
Dialogue (above) when
they see their Stunt
Group is prepared
3. After the Dialogue they
lift the Flyer using the
Flyer’s hop to gently
get into the Bases
hands
4. Switch hands to ankles
(be sure to have good
position in case the
Flyer falls backwards)
5. Hold the ankles firmly
& lift some of the
weight off the Bases
1. Standing behind the
Bases
2. The Flyer places their
hands on the shoulders
of the Bases (in an L
shape)
3. After the dialogue
(above) the Flyer does a
small hop onto the
Bases hands
4. The Flyer stays in a
crouched position
(holding some of their
own weight on the
shoulders of the bases)
FROG Technique:
- Feet/knees together
- Bum Up (above knees)
- Head & Chest Up
- Arms in Wings (holding
weight)
1. Stand in front, facing
each other (pretty close
together)
2. Bases squat like sitting
in a chair (Back
straight)
3. Hands in ‘cup of soup'
at belly button height
(hands should be close
to the body)
4. Bases watch and catch
one of the Flyer’s feet
as the Flyer jumps into
the Bases hands
5. For the Frog bases
remain holding the
Flyers foot at
waist/belly button level
** MAKE SURE BASES
HAVE THEIR SPINE
STRAIGHT & THEIR ABS
TIGHT
GETTING DOWN
1. Back calls “Down” & all
lower flyer to ground.
1. Lower the Flyer to the
ground safely
Learning Step for Double Base: Sponge/Press Up Double Base
Backs Flyer Bases
1. Backs take a firm grip
on the waist/hips of the
Flyer
2. Backs begin the
Dialogue (above) when
they see their Stunt
Group and Spotters are
prepared
3. After the Dialogue they
lift the Flyer using the
Flyer’s hop to gently
lower the Flyer onto
the bases hands
4. Switch hands to ankles
(be sure to have good
position in case the
Flyer falls backwards)
5. Allow time for proper
positioning & count 1-2
the Stunt Group
sinks/sponges down
with their knees and
lifts the Flyers foot up
to Bases chest level
6. Hold the ankles firmly
& lift some of the
weight off the Bases
7. Be ready for falls!
1. Standing behind the
Bases
2. The Flyer places their
hands on the shoulders
of the Bases (in an L
shape)
3. After the dialogue
(above) the Flyer does
a small hop onto the
bases hands
4. Flyer stays in a
crouched position
(holding some of their
own weight on the
shoulders of the bases)
5. Same technique as the
FROG
6. The Back calls 1-2 the
Flyer sinks/sponges
with the Group and as
the Flyer is being lifted
they PUSH OFF the
Bases shoulders to
stand up
7. Stand Up and remains
“Tight”
1. Stand in front, facing
each other (pretty close
together)
2. Bases squat like sitting
in a chair (Back
straight) Hands in ‘cup
of soup' at belly button
height (hands should
be close to the body)
3. Bases watch and catch
one of the Flyer’s feet
as the Flyer jumps into
the Bases hands
4. Hold in Frog and wait
for the Back to call 1-2
5. When the Back calls 1-2
Bases respond by
moving on 3-4 sinking
with their legs (not
hands) and moving
their hands up to their
chest
6. Rotate hands to heel
and toe (heel/toe)
7. Settle the foot by
holding it close to your
chest. WATCH FLYER!
Stunt: Double Base
Backs Flyer Bases
1. Backs take a firm grip
on the waist/hips of the
Flyer
2. Backs begin the
Dialogue (above) when
they see their Stunt
Group and Spotters are
prepared
3. After the Dialogue they
lift the Flyer using the
Flyer’s hop to gently
lower the Flyer onto
the bases hands
4. Switch hands to ankles
(fast) as the group
sponges down and
moves to chest level
5. Hold the ankles firmly
& lift some of the
weight off the Bases
1. Standing behind the
Bases
2. The Flyer places their
hands on the shoulders
of the Bases (in an L
shape)
3. After the dialogue
(above) the Flyer does
a small hop onto the
bases hands in proper
FROG positioning
4. The Flyer pushes off
the Bases shoulders
and stands up as
they’re being lifted.
5. Squeeze EVERYTHING!
1. Stand in front, facing
each other (close)
2. Bases squat like sitting
in a chair (Back
straight) Hands in ‘cup
of soup' at belly button
height (hands should
be close to the body)
3. Bases watch and catch
one of the Flyer’s feet
as the Flyer jumps into
the Bases hands, Bases
immediately sponge
and lift right to chests
4. Rotate hands to heel
and toe (heel/toe)
while in motion
5. Settle the foot by
holding it close to your
chest. WATCH FLYER!
GETTING DOWN
“Off the Front”
1. Once the Flyer has the
Spotters hands the back
calls “Down” and
together lower the Flyer
gently to the ground
2. Flyer bends over and
takes the hands of a
Spotter (for stability)
1. Once the Flyer has the
Spotters hands lower
the Flyer gently to the
ground