Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

8/3/2019 Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

1/21

Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

Presenter

gdd


2/21

Objectives

At the end of the lesson students will be:

Able to recall the meaning of organic

compound Aware of the importance of carbon

compounds to man

able to explain why carbon is able to formmany compounds.


3/21

Objectives contd

At the end of the lesson students will be:

Able to define important terms eg catenation,

saturated and unsaturated, hydrocarbon Able to draw fully displayed structures of

organic compounds

Able to list three (3) benefits and harmfuleffects of organic compounds to man and his

environment


4/21

Fact! Over 10 Million Organic

Compounds known!

FACT! CARB

ONFO

RMS MO

RECOMPOUNDS THAN ALL OTHER

ELEMENTS COMBINED!


5/21

Origin of name Organic

Organic is derived from

the time when it was

thought that such

compounds could be

made only by livingorganisms.


6/21

This idea has long been disproved

but the name is still used.

Many of the organic compounds in

daily use are in fact man-made!


7/21

Carbon Compounds

NATURAL SYNTHETIC(MANMADE)

DNA PLASTICS

PROTEIN RUBBERFATS&OILS GASOLINE

WOOL PHARMACEUTICALS

CARBOHYDRATES HERBICIDES

VITAMINS ORGANIC PESTICIDES

COTTON PAINTS


8/21

Many Organic Compounds are

Beneficial

But many are harmfulto man and the environment


9/21

Carbon forms many compounds

because:

1. It has a fully shared octet(8) of

electrons in its compounds

Eg methane


10/21

2. Carbon can form strong single,

double and triple bonds to itself

single double triple


11/21

3. Carbon can form four(4) covalent

bonds

2,4


12/21

Catenation

The ability of an atom to bond to itself to form

chains and rings

Carbon catenates to form chains and ringsof various sizes, which explains why there

are so many carbon compounds.


13/21

Catenation is possible in carbon

becauseThe carbon atom has 4

electrons in its valence shell


14/21

Carbon Structures

1. Straight or Branched Chains

2. Rings

benzene


15/21

Carbon Structures contd

Single, Double and Triple Bonds (see slide 9)


16/21

Important Definitions

Saturated Compound a compound whose

molecules contain only single bonds.

Eg alkanes


17/21


Unsaturated Compound a compound whose

molecules contain multiple bonds between

carbon atoms.

Eg alkenes and alkynes


18/21


Hydrocarbon a compound consisting only of

hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Eg alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, benzene

ethane ethene propyne benzene


19/21

Activity

1. Carbon is known to form millions of different

compounds. Explain why carbon can do this.

Suitable illustrations must be given in your

answer. [6 marks]

2. Define the term catenation. [1 mark]

3. Circle the unsaturated compound(s) below.

[1 mark]


20/21

Activity contd

4. Which of the following compounds is/are not

hydrocarbon(s) . [1 mark]


21/21

Activity

5. List three advantages and three disadvantages

of using synthetic organic compounds. [3 marks]

Documents

Chemistry of Carbon Compounds