Child Development

Physical Development of Infants

Ch. 7 The Developing Child

Child Development

Physical Development of Infants

Ch. 7 The Developing Child

DiscussDiscuss

* A huge amount of development occurs in the first year.

List as many things as you can think of that a baby can do at one year old, that have developed since that baby was born.

* A huge amount of development occurs in the first year.

List as many things as you can think of that a baby can do at one year old, that have developed since that baby was born.

BrainstormBrainstorm

Do the terms growth and development mean the same thing?Explain what you think they mean

On pg. 1B #1 in packet (see text pg. 209)

Do the terms growth and development mean the same thing?Explain what you think they mean

On pg. 1B #1 in packet (see text pg. 209)

Activity—Patterns of Dev. Read pg. 209-210 in textbook On pg. 1B in packet, record a description,

example, and picture of each pattern of development

Activity Partner: As partners use T-Chart that compares

Nature vs. Nurture on pg. 1B packet Include the areas: heredity, nutrition, health,

experiences & environment Refer to text pages 210-214

Vocabulary Words: (write meanings in chart) Stimulating Environment Developmental Milestones

Nature vs. NurtureNature vs. Nurture

Influences on growth and developmentInfluences on growth and development

NATURENATURE NURTURENURTURE

Heredity Heredity Physical Make-Up Physical Make-Up (what baby Inherits (what baby Inherits from parents)from parents)

EnvironmentEnvironmentInfluences Such asInfluences Such as-NutritionNutrition-StimulationStimulation-RelationshipsRelationships-HealthHealth

Patterns of Physical Development Growth: changes in size

Development: Increases and changes in PIES (physical, intellectual, emotional, social or) skills

Head to Foot Near to Far Simple to Complex

Begins before Birth

(big head, dev. first

Starts close to trunk of body & moves outward

Dev. lg. muscles first (legs, arms, neck, torso)

*Control head

*roll over

*sit-up

*crawl

*stand

*walk

*Wave arm

*grab things

*pick up with fingers

*Bottle/breast

*Fed with spoon

*eat with fingers

*use spoon/fork

Physical Development Patterns

Head to FootHead to Foot

Near to FarNear to Far

Simple to complexSimple to complex

Developmental milestone

Key skills and abilities that children usually do at certain ages in a specific sequence.

Help to know if a child is progressing normally.

hold head up

sit up

walk

Inherited Traits

Don’t always emerge in children because heredity and environment play a role in development.

Child may have no opportunity to develop an inherited talent.

Nutrition Fuels Development Without it, baby is at risk for illness, delayed

growth, and brain development. (even death)

Scooting not crawlingScooting not crawling

Good Health A healthy baby is more likely to eat well and

have energy to be active. Activity provides varied experiences that stimulate the brain and help muscle dev.

Brain DevelopmentBrain Development

Brain development impacts ALL areasBrain development impacts ALL areas

of development.of development.

This is linked to:This is linked to: Quantity Quantity ANDAND variety of experiences variety of experiences

**Failure to achieve normal brain development at**Failure to achieve normal brain development at

the infant stage can have…..the infant stage can have…..

LIFE LONG EFFECTSLIFE LONG EFFECTS

Stimulating EnvironmentStimulating Environment

Baby needs a variety of things to see, Baby needs a variety of things to see, hear, touch, smell, taste.hear, touch, smell, taste.

Growth During the First YearGrowth During the First Year

Birth to age one:Birth to age one: Babies triple their birth weightBabies triple their birth weight Increase length by 50%Increase length by 50%

Growth ChartGrowth Chart: average weight and height of girls : average weight and height of girls and boys at various agesand boys at various ages

Very few babies match the average growth chartVery few babies match the average growth chart Doctors watch for steady growthDoctors watch for steady growth Drops in weight could indicate health concernsDrops in weight could indicate health concerns

Growth the First YearGrowth the First YearWeightWeight

Newborns: Newborns: Lose 10% of weight in first five Lose 10% of weight in first five daysdays

First 6 months: First 6 months: gains 1-2 lbs per monthgains 1-2 lbs per month

Next 6 months: Next 6 months: Gains about 1 pound per Gains about 1 pound per monthmonth

Growth the First YearGrowth the First YearLengthLength

Length: babies are measured while laying Length: babies are measured while laying downdown

Average newborn 20 inchesAverage newborn 20 inches Heredity influences height and weightHeredity influences height and weight Bone growth is rapid the first yearBone growth is rapid the first year

Growth the First YearGrowth the First YearBody ShapeBody Shape

Curled Position: legs curled and feet curled Curled Position: legs curled and feet curled inwardinward

Head:Head: may be cone shape may be cone shape Arms & legsArms & legs: are skinny: are skinny AbdomenAbdomen: large: large Umbilical cordUmbilical cord: dries up and drops off in about : dries up and drops off in about

3 weeks3 weeks Gradually babies stretch out, uncurl, lose Gradually babies stretch out, uncurl, lose

chubby appearancechubby appearance

Growth In the First YearGrowth In the First YearProportionProportion

ProportionProportion: the size in relationship : the size in relationship between different parts of the bodybetween different parts of the body

Baby’s head and abdomen are Baby’s head and abdomen are largelarge

Legs and arms are short & smallLegs and arms are short & small Head grows rapidly because of Head grows rapidly because of

developing braindeveloping brainFontanelsFontanels: begin closing during first : begin closing during first

year year

ReflexesReflexes

Automatic reflexes babies are born withAutomatic reflexes babies are born with Sucking: when something placed in Sucking: when something placed in

mouth-suckmouth-suck Rooting: stroke cheek head will turn Rooting: stroke cheek head will turn

towards youtowards you Palmar Grasp: fingers curlPalmar Grasp: fingers curl Moro Reflex: arms will thrust out and Moro Reflex: arms will thrust out and

then inthen in Plantar Grasp: toes curlPlantar Grasp: toes curl

Gross Motor SkillsGross Motor Skills

Large Motor skillsLarge Motor skills Involve large muscles of the body such as: Involve large muscles of the body such as:

legs, shoulderslegs, shoulders

Example: jumping, running, waving armExample: jumping, running, waving arm

Fine Motor SkillsFine Motor Skills

Small motor skillsSmall motor skills

Involve the smaller muscles of the body such as Involve the smaller muscles of the body such as fingersfingers

Example: picking up cereal with fingersExample: picking up cereal with fingers

Look up in Ch. 7Look up in Ch. 7

Describe how the development of depth Describe how the development of depth perception impacts a baby’s interaction perception impacts a baby’s interaction with the world.with the world.

Why is the development of hand-eye Why is the development of hand-eye coordination important? coordination important?

Development During First YearDevelopment During First Year

(not notes)(not notes)How long does it take for a baby’s eye sight to reach How long does it take for a baby’s eye sight to reach

clarity and sharpness of an adult?clarity and sharpness of an adult?

When a baby reaches her hand out for something, whatWhen a baby reaches her hand out for something, whatis she demonstrating?is she demonstrating?

Of the five senses … which ones develop before birth?Of the five senses … which ones develop before birth?

Development First YearDevelopment First Year

VisionVision HearingHearing TouchTouch Smell and Smell and TasteTaste

1st week blurry, 1st week blurry, 7-10 in. away7-10 in. away

Dev. Before Dev. Before birthbirth

Important sense Important sense for learningfor learning

10 days old; 10 days old; know mother’s know mother’s scentscent

1 mos. Focus 1 mos. Focus on objects 3 ft on objects 3 ft awayaway

Newborns Newborns respond to tonerespond to tone

Use for Use for explorationexploration

2 wks old 2 wks old distinguish distinguish between diff. between diff. flavorsflavors

Depth Depth PerceptionPerception

Perceive Perceive objects in 3Dobjects in 3D

7 mos. 7 mos. Recognize Recognize parents voiceparents voice

Important to Important to provide gentle provide gentle touchestouches

ProjectProject

Create an activity for an infant that Create an activity for an infant that promotes the development of vision or promotes the development of vision or touch.touch.

Example: Mobiles, posters or feely boardsExample: Mobiles, posters or feely boards

Explain how it will promote early Explain how it will promote early developmentdevelopment

See packet for more details See packet for more details

SIDS Awareness

SIDS-Infant Sleeping Positions

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